AGRICULTURE 


OF 


THE    UNITED    STATES 


IX 


1860; 


COMPILED  FROM  THE  ORIGINAL  RETURNS 


OF 


THE   EIGHTH   CENSUS, 


UNDER  THE 


DIRECTION  OF  THE   SECRETARY  OF  THE  INTERIOR, 


BY   JOSEPH  C.  G.   KENNEDY, 


S  i;  P  K  R  1  \  T  E  N  D  E  \  T     OF     CENSUS. 


UNIVERSITY 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT      P  R  I  N  T  I  NT  G     O  F  F  I  C  E 

1864. 


PREFACE. 


THE  importance  of  agriculture  as  a  recourse  for  wealth,  and  as -supplying  the  means  of  sub 
sistence  to  all  classes  of  community,  is  so  well  understood,  and  its  relation  to  manufactures,  so  many 
of  the  products  whereof  it  consumes,  and  which  it  supplies  with  so  many  of  its  most  important 
elements,  is  so  generally  appreciated,  as  to  render  superfluous  any  argument  to  prove  its  value.     It  is 
an  interest  which,  better  than  any  other,  may  be  expected  to  flourish  as  manufactures  and  the  arts 
prosper,  and  it  is  of  more  importance  to  those  interested  in  its  advancement  to  understand  its  progress 
from  time  to  time  than  to  secure  any  special  legislative  acts  with  the  view  to  stimulate  its  productions. 
Agriculture  will  prosper  in  proportion  to  the  progress  of  population,  and  its  employment  in  other 
productive  pursuits.     In  the  early  history  of  all  countries  prior  to  the  period  when  manufactures 
flourish,  and  the  arts  are  cherished,  foreign  demand  is  relied  on  for  the  surplus  products  of  the  earth, 
and  the  ease  with  which  they  are  supplied  enables  the  producer  to  incur  the  cost  of  their  transportation 
to  market  to  procure  certain  necessaries  and  luxuries  in  exchange;  but  as  a  country  becomes  peopled, 
the  relation  of  the  producer  to  a  foreign  market  insensibly  becomes  less,  until  at  last  it  ceases,  except 
upon  peculiar  emergency,  or  for  articles  restricted  to  climate      With  an  intelligent  people,  where  land 
is  abundant,  the  direct  application  of  laws  is  of  but  little  consequence  in  invigorating  a  pursuit  which 
will  be  prosecuted  with  greater  activity  only  with  the  ratio  of  increased  home  consumption,  as  foreign 
demand,  with  the  exception  of  that  for  strictly  climatic  productions,  is  too  precarious  to  justify  any 
great  expenditure  of  labor  and  means  solely  with  a  view  to  exportation;  and  that  country  of  any  great 
extent  which  never  fails  to  produce  a  full  supply  of  the  necessaries  of  life  for  the  wants  of  its  own 
population,  will  be  sure  of  ability  to  spare  whatever  may  be  necessary  to  fill  any  casual  extraordinary 
demand  abroad.     Many  persons  are  impressed  with  the  belief  that  it  is  in  the  power  of  the  govern 
ment  to  promote  the  interests  of  the  farmer,  and  that  great  and  direct  efforts  should  be  put  forth  by 
the  state  to  advance  the  science  of  husbandry.     In  our  opinion,  however,  the  surest  way  in  which  the 
power  of  the  government  can  effectually  promote  agriculture,  is  by  a  steady  and  consistent  policy 
adapted  to  encourage  the  arts  and  give  confidence  to  the  stability  of  our  manufactures;  population  will 
then  rapidly  increase,  commerce  be  promoted,  internal  improvements  multiply,  and  the  power  of  the 
state  will  augment  as  a  natural  consequence.      Political  laws  will  not  modify  climate,  change  the 
nature  of  plants,  nor  fertilize  land ;  they  may  occasion  the  distribution  of  cotton-seeds  north  and  west, 
but  cannot  insure  the  growth  of  cotton  north  of  thirty -eight  degrees,  while  private  enterprise  produces 
8,000,000  pounds  of  tobacco  in  Connecticut,  and  will  produce  it  wherever  the  conditions  are  favorable. 
The  enlightened  wisdom  of  the  world,  if  applied  directly  to  the  improvement  of  agriculture,  would 
not  be  productive  of  any  sensible  increase  of  crops,  while  any  contingency  tending  to  a  greater  con 
sumption  of  the  earth's  products  would  be  certain  to  stimulate  the  efforts  of  the  husbandman,  and 
insure  enlarged  production.    That  which  renders  the  pursuit  of  agriculture  honorable  and  renr.mcrative, 


iv  PR  E  FACE. 

and  therefore  attractive  and  popular,  is  a  certain  home  market;  and  wherever  such  exists  there  prevails 
a  better  system  of  culture,  a  more  refined  population,  higher  energy,  a  better  morality,  and  in  all  things 
a  happier  condition  both  for  the  permanent  welfare  of  the  people  and  good  of  the  state.  It  is  under 
such  circumstances  that  the  merit  and  adaptation  of  every  new  plant  deemed  useful  for  food,  or  in  the 
arts,  will  not  only  be  cheerfully  and  intelligently  tested,  but  its  value  will  be  made  available.  Under 
such  circumstances  the  crops  seldom  fail,  nor  do  the  lands  grow  poor;  the  people  arc  not  addicted  to 
efforts  in  short  roads  to  fortune  by  impositions  of  marvellous  productions  at  fabulous  prices,  and  it  is 
but  seldom  they  arc  the  victims  of  such.  They  never  find  abundant  crops  ruinous,  nor  realize  the 
fertility  of  their  fields  only  with  chagrin.  Home  demand  for  many  products  stimulates  variety  in 
cultivation,  and  increases  the  capacity  of  the  soil,  and  as  in  this  country  scarcity  seldom  attends  more 
than  one  staple  production  in  a  season,  and  then  only  to  a  limited  extent,  the  nation  is  protected  from 
all  danger  of  want  or  famine  so  paralyzing  to  every  interest,  and  so  much  feared  in  countries  of  more 
dense  population,  and  of  smaller  area.  The  state  or  kingdom,  therefore,  which  pursues  a  policy  best 
adapted  to  consume  as  food,  or  in  manufactures,  the  products  of  the  soil,  confers  the  greatest  possible 
benefit,  not  only  on  that  portion  of  its  people  engaged  in  agriculture,  but  upon  all  classes  of  population; 
and  the  most  enlightened  farmers  only  desire  that  the  general  government  abstain  from  all  legislation 
tending  to  make  precarious  a  sure  remunerative  demand  for  its  products,  and  observation  proves  that 
those  who  depend  much  for  direct  aid  from  government  arc  not  of  that  numerous  class  in  our  country 
who  by  their  industry,  energy,  and  success,  present  noble  examples  for  imitation,  and  elevate  and 
distinguish  the  pursuit  of  husbandry.  There  is  not  anything  but  confidence  in  certain  adequate 
remuneration  that  will  insure  heavy  crops  of  grain  and  grass,  choice  breeds  of  live-stock,  produce  good 
fruits,  good  wine,  and  develop  an  improved  agricultural  literature,  and  without  such  inducement  we 
would  no  sooner  expect  the  farmer  to  raise  supplies  of  cither,  if  the  government  should  devote  all  its 
revenues  to  the  free  distribution  of  seeds  and  plants,  than  we  would  expect  the  mechanic  arts  to 
flourish  without  a  demand  for  their  products,  should  the  government  distribute  gratuitously  the  tools  of 
trade ;  and  there  rests  no  more  obligation  upon  the  state  to  legislate  specially  for  the  one  interest 
than  for  the  other.  By  the  anomalous  policy  at  present  pursued  to  promote  agriculture,  the  govern 
ment  is  sure  to  incur  a  large  outlay  of  funds,  often  resulting  in  loss  of  time  and  disappointment  to 
individuals,  and  it  is  an  inevitable  consequence  of  failure  to  equal  cherished  expectations,  to  perceive 
,  recourse  to  some  novel  fallacious  expedients  to  blunt  the  edge  of  disappointment,  or  raise  new  hopes — 
at  the  same  time  charging  iniquity  or  folly  upon  former  administrators,  rather  than  admit  the  impracti 
cability  of  the  resort  and  confess  its  failure.  It  was  a  remark  of  Buffon,  that  in  "agriculture,  as  in  all 
other  arts,  the  model  which  performs  best  in  small,  oftentimes  will  not  execute  in  great;"  but  our 
people  have  been  too  much  tempted  by  highly  colored  representations,  to  build  hopes  on  something 
new,  which,  although  procured  at  much  outlay,  has  not  so  much  as  been  previously  tested  as  to  its 
adaption  to  our  climate  or  soil  by  the  most  limited  trial. 

That  we  might  advantageously  imitate  the  example  of  other  countries  in  maintaining  public 
parks  and  gardens,  where  all  the  known  useful  and  ornamental  plants  of  the  world  should  be  cultivated 
under  proper  direction,  coupled  with  facilities  for  instruction,  no  intelligent  man  will  question;  but  that 
would  be  quite  different  from  a  system  encouraged  and  practised  to  the  prejudice  of  that  enterprise, 
which  would  effectually  promote  the  public  interests  by  supplying  everything  demanded  by  the  spirit 
of  improvement,  both  useful  and  ornamental.  One  half  the  amount  heretofore  fruitlessly  expended  for 
the  promotion  of  agriculture  could  be  made  to  support  an  institution  embracing  the  practical,  orna- 


PREFACE.  v 

mental,  and  instructive,  which  through  succeeding  time  would  promote  the  interests  of  the  agricultural 
community,  improve  the  tastes,  and  enlarge  the  knowledge  of  all.  The  useful  and  ornamental 
character  of  trees  and  plants  once  illustrated  by  example,  the  enterprise  of  our  own  farmers,  gardeners, 
and  seedsmen  will  make  avail  of  their  advantages,  as  those  interested  in  the  mechanic  arts  do  from 
useful  mechanical  inventions,  and  do  so  at  their  own  charge.  With  such  an  organization  a  serial 
publication  might  be  advantageously  connected,  to  give  the  results  of  its  experience,  and  make  record 
of  the  current  inventions  and  improvements  in  agricultural  implements  and  machinery,  at  home  and 
abroad,  which  should  be  conducted  with  sufficient  ability  to  command  respect,  and  integrity  to  inspire 
confidence  in  its  representations.  It  may  appear  very  easy  to  pursue  a  practice  involving  in  its 
administration  no  demand  for  enlarged  views,  or  scientific  attainments,  but  time  will  demonstrate  that 
the  utility  of  such  a  procedure  will  not  be  found  commensurate  with  its  expense.  If  any  dilFer  from 
us  in  these  opinions,  we  are  inclined  to  believe  they  realize  but  little  of  the  disappointed  hopes  and 
misapplied  labor  of  thousands,  and  form  their  conclusions  from  results  which  should  naturally  follow 
the  vast  expenditures  so  lavishly  made  by  our  government  in  behalf  of  agriculture,  and  the  cheering 
promises  which  have  induced  them,  rather  than  from  clearly  ascertained  beneficial  results  in  any 
degree  comparable  with  their  cost.  It  is  obligatory  upon  the  state,  and  beneficial  to  all,  to  present 
periodical  exhibits  of  our  various  productions,  because  this  can  only  be  done  by  the  state,  and  this  is 
especially  necessary  in  a  country  where  there  exists  such  a  boundless  expanse  of  unoccupied  territory 
adapted  to  agriculture,  mining,  and  manufactures,  which  may  be  made  available  in  increasing  our  power 
and  wealth  as  rapidly  as  may  be  consistent  with  healthy  progress.  When  we  shall  have  more  nearly 
attained  to  the  conditions  of  some  older  nations,  where  production  and  consumption  arc  so  nicely 
balanced  that  the  slightest  failure  in  any  one  staple  crop  would  endanger  the  security  and  happiness  of 
the  people,  or  stability  of  the  state,  the  direct  active  co-operation  of  the  government  with  the  people 
may  become  judicious;  but  happily  for  us,  such  a  contingency  is  far  distant,  as,  apart  from  the  general 
spirit  of  inquiry  and  enterprise  of  our  people,  it  will  be  long  before  population  becomes  redundant, 
and  the  conditions  of  our  climate  arc  such  that  what  may  produce  failure  in  one  crop  promotes  the 
growth  of  others. 

With  us  but  few  of  the  prejudices  have  to  be  overcome  which  in  older  countries  attach  to  the  use 
of  improved  agricultural  implements,  and  to  a  system  of  culture  obsolete  where  intelligence  prevails. 
Here  we  have  no  dull,  lethargic  confidence  in  the  perfection  of  anything  connected  with  agriculture, 
because  we  cannot  move  without  realizing  the  rapid,  ever-varying  improvement,  such  as  must  convince 
even  a  man  blind  from  his  youth  that  nearly  all  the  operations  of  the  farm  are  conducted  in  a  manner 
different  from  what  they  were  formerly. 

It  has  become  the  wise  policy  of  the  general  government  to  take  a  periodical  account  of  the 
productions  of  agriculture,  as  well  for  the  instruction  of  the  people  as  for  the  information  of  the  state, 
and  it  is  upon  this  "account"  that  all  estimates  of  the  productions  of  subsequent  years  are  based,  so 
that  really  all  we  know  of  our  annual  productions  from  one  decade  to  another,  is  deduced  from  the 
decennial  returns  of  the  census.  While  such  investigations  are  not  of  recent  origin,  it  is  believed  that 
we  have  entered  into  more  general  details  than  have  other  nations,  of  whom  comparatively  few  have 
found  it  practicable  to  obtain  the  results,  while  lamenting  their  want.  The  object  of  the  present  volume 
is  to  represent  the  agricultural  productions  of  our  country  for  the  year  ending  on  the  1st  of  June,  I860, 
and  the  live  stock  on  the  day  mentioned.  In  presenting  these  results,  we  shall  at  the  same  time  repre 
sent  the  growth  and  progress  of  some  interests,  and  the  proper  method  of  culture  as  to  others,  in  the 


vi  PREFACE. 

hope  of  being  able  to  render  the  volume  more  useful  and  instructive  to  the  agricultural  community,  and 
interesting  to  the  general  reader.  It  is  our  intention  to  be  historical  and  practical,  rather  than  theoretical, 
and  while  those  partial  to  startling  and  visionary  suggestions  may  deem  the  commentary  wanting  in 
interest,  the  intelligent  farmer  will,  we  trust,  acquire  instruction  from  the  perusal  of  the  text,  as  well  as 
derive  advantage  in  the  study  of  the  figures.  To  be  enabled  to  perform  our  duty  more  acceptably,  we 
have  availed  ourselves  of  the  opinions  and  agricultural  experience  of  others,  whose  opinions  have  been 
verified  by  the  success  with  which  their  professions  have  been  attended.  Our  thanks  are  due  to  13.  P. 
Johnson,  of  Albany,  for  counsel  cheerfully  accorded  when  a  sense  of  incompetence  created  doubts  of 
our  correctness;  to  Joseph  Harris,  of  Rochester,  New  York,  and  to  Edward  D.  Mansfield,  of  Ohio,  for 
much  general  information  on  the  subject  of  agriculture  and  the  effects  of  internal  improvements;  find 
to  J.  F.  Ballantyne,  of  Chicago,  for  information  relative  to  that  prodigious  interest  of  the  country,  the 
grain  trade.  For  the  article  on  the  vine  and  wine-making,  we  are  indebted  to  Robert  Buchanan,  of 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  a  gentleman  not  more  distinguished  for  his  successful  cultivation  of  the  grape  than 
for  his  investigating  mind  and  general  attainments.  To  William  Renick,  of  Pickaway  county,  in  the 
same  State,  we  arc  under  obligations  for  the  facts  connected  with  the  past  history  of  the  cattle  trade 
of  the  west  with  the  east,  and  the  driving  system,  formerly  of  such  vast  importance  to  the  intermediate 
regions,  but  which  will  soon  be  forgotten,  the  railways  now  supplying  a  more  easy  and  profitable 
means  of  transfer.  As  our  country  confers  no  honors  for  distinguished  services  in  the  peaceful  walks 
of  life,  as  well  for  history  as  from  a  sense  of  justice,  we  make  frequent  allusions  to  individuals  in  the 
body  of  these  volumes,  and  take  pleasure  in  associating  with  their  beneficent  works  the  names  of  men 
who  have  proved  useful  to  the  country,  as  a  duty  to  them,  and  an  incentive  to  others.  Charlatans  enjoy 
and  outlive  their  honors,  while  the  reputation  of  real  benefactors  continues  a  rich  inheritance  for  their 
children.  Regretting  our  inability  to  present  a  more  complete  commentary  on  the  figures,  we  believe 
the  volume  will  prove  useful  as  a  statistical  compilation,  and  more  generally  interesting  to  the  agricul 
turist  than  have  any  of  its  predecessors.  The  duties  of  the  Census  Bureau  involve  so  wide  a  range  of 
practical  and  scientific  inquiry  as  to  preclude  claim  to  anything  approximating  perfection  in  the  illus 
tration  of  its  multifarious  details,  and  we  only  ask  the  concession  of  having  performed  a  laborious  duty 
with  an  earnest  intent  to  develop  impartially  the  material  interests  of  the  country. 


INTRODUCTIO 


TABLE   No.  1. 


Acres  of  land  in  farms,  and  cash  value. 


UNIVERSITY 


STATES. 


UNIMPROVED. 


CASH  VALUE. 


Alabama 

Arkansas  

California 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

Michigan     

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

Missouri 

New  Hampshire 

New  Jersey 

New  York 

North  Carolina 

Ohio 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania 

Rhode  Island 

South  Carolina 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

Virginia. .": 

Wisconsin 

Total  States , 

TERRITORIES. 

District  of  Columbia 

Dakota 

Nebraska 

Nevada  

New  Mexico 

Utah 

Washington 

Total  Territories 

Aggregate 


Acres. 

6,385,724 
1,983,313 
2, 408, 034 
1,830,807 

637, 065 

054, 21 3 

8,06-2,758 

13, 090, 374 

8,24-2,183 

3, 792, 792 

405, 468 
7, 044, 208 
2,707,108 
2,704,133 
3,002,267 
2, 155, 512 
3, 476, 296 

556,250 

5, 065, 755 

6, 246, 871 

2,  3C7, 034 

1,944,441 

14, 358, 403 

6,517,284 

12,025,394 

890,414 
10.403.206^ 

335,128 
4, 572, 060 
6, 7'J5, 337 
2, 050, 781 
2, 823, 157 
11,437,82^ 
3, 746, 167 


102, 64i>,  848 


17,474 
2,115 

118,789 
14, 132 

149,274 
77,219 

-I.  ~.;n 


400,  872 


Acres. 

12,718,821 

7,590,393 

6, 26-2,  000 

673, 457 

:;67,230 

2,266,015 

18,537,732 
7,815,615 
8, 146, 109 
6,277,115 
1,372,932 

11,519,053 
6,591,468 
3, 023, 533 
1,833,304 
1,183,212 
3,554,538 
2, 155, 718 

10,773,929 

13, 737, 939 
1,377,591 
1,039,084 
6, 616, 555 

17,245,685 
7, 846, 747 
1,164,125 
0, 548, 844 
~""loG, 096 

11,023,859 

13, 873, 828 

22,693,247 
1,451,257 

19,679,215 
T,  147, 420 


241,943,671 


16,789 

24, 333 
512,425 

41,986 
1,265,635 

12, 692 
284, 2S7 


2, 15?,  147 


$175, 824, 622 

91,649,773 

48,726,804 

90, 830, 005 

31,420,357 

16,  435,  727 

157,072,803 

408, 944, 0:« 

356,712, 175 

119,899,547 

12,258,239 

291,496,955 

204, 789, 602 

78,688,525 

145,973,677 

123,2D5,948 

160, 836, 495 

27, 505, 922 

190,760,367 

230,632,126 

69,689,761 

180,250,338 

803,  343, 593 

143,301,063 

678,132,991 

15,200,593 

662, 050, 70? 

19, 550, 55:$ 

139,652,508 

271,358,985 

88,101,320 

94,289,045 

371,761,601 

131,117,164 


6,631,520,046 


2,989,267 

96,445 

3, 878,  326 

302,340 

2, 707, 386 

1,333,355 

2,217,842 


13,524,961 


163,110,720 


244,101,818 


6, 645, 045, 007 


viii  T  N  T  RODUCTION. 


AGRICULTURE    IN    THE    UNITED    STATES. 

BY  the  foregoing  table  it  will  be  perceived  that,  in  1860,  the  agricultural  area  of  the  country 
embraced  163,110,720  acres  of  IMPROVED  LAND,  and  244,101,818  acres  of  Land  Unimproved.  In 
other  words,  for  every  two  acres  of  improved  land  there  are  three  acres  of  land  connected  therewith 
not  yet  under  cultivation;  while  the  gross  aggregate  of  uncultivated  territory,  fertile  and  waste, 
swells  to  1,466,969,862  acres. 

This  fact  gives  color  to  the  agriculture  of  the  country.  Land  is  abundant  and  cheap,  while 
labor  is  scarce  and  dear.  Even  in  the  older-settled  States  there  is  much  land  that  can  be  purchased 
at  extremely  low  rates;  and,  by  a  recent  act  of  Congress  known  as  the  Free  Homestead  law,  every 
citizen  of  the  United  States,  or  any  foreigner  who  shall  declare  his  intention  of  becoming  a  citizen, 
can  have  a  farm  of  160  acres  without  charge.  As  good  land  as  any  in  the  world  is  offered  to  actual 
settlers  on  these  easy  terms. 

Under  such  circumstances  it  is  evident  that  the  intensive  system  of  agriculture  which  is  practiced 
in  some  older  and  more  densely  populated  countries,  where  labor  is  abundant  and  the  land  mostly 
under  cultivation,  cannot,  as  a  general  rule,  be  profitably  adopted  at  present  in  this  country.  It  has 
been  said  that  American  agriculture  is  half  a  century  behind  that  of  Great  Britain.  In  one  sense  this 
is,  perhaps,  true.  Our  land  is  not  as  thoroughly  under-drained,  manured,  and  cultivated  as  that  of 
England,  Scotland,  or  Belgium;  but  we  can,  and  do  now,  produce  a  bushel  of  wheat  at  much  less  cost 
than  the  most  scientific  farmer  of  England  can  by  the  best  approved  method  of  cultivation,  even  if  he 
paid  nothing  for  the  use  of  his  land. 

We  do  not  contend  for  a  superficial  system  of  agricu'turc.  All  that  we  ask  is,  that  those  who 
censure  our  farmers  for  not  cultivating  and  enriching  their  land  more  thoroughly,  should  take  into 
consideration  the  circumstances  which  have  surrounded  us.  High  farming  involves  high  prices.  The 
system  of  cultivation  and  manuring  which  is  profitable  in  Great  Britain  would  not  be  remunerative  in 
the  State  of  New  York,  because  labor  is  higher  and  produce  lower ;  and  the  system  which  is  profit 
able  in  New  York  might  not  be  advantageous  in  Iowa.  Au  artificial  manure  that  could  be  profitably 
used  on  wheat  which  brings  82  per  bushel,  might  prove  a  very  unprofitable  application  where  wheat 
is  worth  only  $1  50  or  $1  per  busheL  In  the  State  of  New  York,  where  land  is  comparatively  high 
and  prices  good,  there  are"  many  instances  where  820  to  830  per  acre  have  been  expended  in  under- 
draining,  with  great  profit.  But  it  docs  not  fallow  that  the  same  expenditure  would  be  advisable  in  a 
section  where  the  best  of  land  can  be  purchased  in  fee  simple  for  810  per  acre.  The  same  is  true  of 
all  other  improved  processes  of  agriculture.  Their  adoption  is  simply  a  question  of  profit  and  loss. 
Where  land  is  cheap  and'  rich,  it  wilt  not  pay  to  expend  much  labor  and  money  in  making  or  in 
purchasing  manure. 

But,  it  may  be  asked,  "Will  not  the  practice  of  raising  crops  without  manure  impoverish  the 
land  ?"  Certainly  it  will ;  but  our  hardy  pioneers,  having  enjoyed  the  cream  of  the  soil  as  a  reward 
of  their  enterprise,  go  into  a  yet  newer  country,  cut  down  the  original  forests,  clear  up  the  land,  and 
raise  all  the  grain  they  can.  The  money  thus  obtained  is  expended  in  the  construction  of  roads, 
houses,  barns,  schoolhouses,  churches,  and  colleges.  Smiling  villages  and  populous  cities  spring  up, 
and  in  a  few  years  the  comforts,  convenience,  and  even  luxury  of  civilization  are  enjoyed — all  the 
result  of  wealth  which  has  been  dug  from  the  soil.  Admitting  that  after  all  this  is  effected,  the  land 
is  not  so  rich  as  when  first  cleared,  and  that  more  labor  has  to  be  expended  in  its  cultivation,  never 
theless  much  good  has  been  accomplished.  The  fact  is,  this  question  of  impoverishing  the  soil  is  not 
clearly  understood.  Much  has  been  written  on  this  subject,  both  in  Europe  and  America;  and  a 
leading  English  agricultural  journal,  the  Mark  Lane  Express,  says:  "It  has  long  been  our  opinion  that 
the  grain-exporting  power  of  the  United  States  was  likely  rather  to  diminish  than  to  increase  under  the 


INTRODUCTION.  ix 

ordinary  circumstances  of  the  country.  This  opinion  was  derived  from  the  statistical  notices  of  the 
census  and  of  the  Patent  Office,  and  confirmed  by  the  statements  of  Jay,  Wells,  and  other  American 
writers  on  the  subject.  These  authorities  have  warned  the  agriculturists  that  if  an  alteration  did  not 
take  place  in  the  mode  of  cultivation,  the  United  States  would,  in  a  few  years,  require  a  large  importa 
tion  of  wheat,  instead  of  being  able  to  export  to  Europe." 

This  was  written  in  18G1.  Since  then  we  have  exported  more  grain  to  Europe  tlian  during  any 
former  period.  The  reason  assigned  for  the  opinion  thus  expressed,  that  the  United  States  would 
soon  become  a  wheat-importing  instead  of  a  wheat-exporting  country,  is  "the  scourging  and  exhaustive 
system  of  husbandry  now  practiced."  There  is  some  truth  in  these  remarks.  Our  system  of  cultiva 
tion  has  been,  and  is  now  to  some  extent,  a  scourging  and  an  exhaustive  one.  It  takes  more  from  flu: 
soil  than  it  returns ;  and  the  time  will  come,  as  it  already  has  in  some  sections,  when  wheat  cannot  be 
as  easily  or  as  cheaply  raised  as  it  was  when  the  country  was  new.  But  it  does  not  at  all  follow  from 
this  that  the  United  States  will  cease  to  grow  all  the  wheat  it  requires.  We  will  have  to  manure  o in 
land  and  cultivate  it  better ;  but  this  is  nothing  more  than  has  been  experienced  in  other  countries. 
We  shall  farm  better  as  soon  as  such  improvement  is  perceived  to  be  profitable  and  necessary. 

But  what  are  we  to  understand  by  an  "exhausted  soil?"  No  phrase  is  more  common  in  agricul 
tural  literature,  and  none  more  vague  and  indefinite.  JOHN  BENXETT  LAWES,  than  whom  there  is  no 
higher  authority,  speaking  of  his  field  on  which  his  celebrated  wheat  experiments  were  made,  says,  it 
was  purposely  "  exhausted"  before  the  commencement  of  the  experiments,  and  in  another  of  his  able 
papers  in  the  Journal  of  the  Royal  Agricultural  Society,  he  says:  "All  the  experimental  fields  were 
selected  when  they  were  in  a  state  of  agricultural  exhaustion."  And  he  tells  us  what  he  understands 
by  the  term.  He  says :  "  The  wheat-field  after  having  been  manured  in  the  usual  way  for  turnips  at 
the  commencement  of  the  previous  rotation,  had  then  grown  barley,  peas,  wheat,  and  oats,  without 
any  further  manuring,  so  that  when  taken  for  experiment  in  1844,  it  was,  as  a  grain-producer,  con 
siderably  more  exhausted  than  would  ordinarily  be  the  case." 

Here  we  have  the  highest  English  agricultural  authority  speaking  of  land  as  "exhausted"  after 
having  grown  four  crops  without  manure,  the  previous  crop  having  been  manured ;  and  if  this  is  all 
that  is  meant  by  exhaustion  of  the  soil,  we  must  admit  that  much  of  the  cultivated  land  in  the  older 
parts  of  the  United  States  has  been  exhausted.  But  one  plat  in  Mr.  Lawes's  wheat-field  has  produced 
a  crop  of  wheat  every  year  since  1844,  averaging  about  fifteen  bushels  per  acre,  and  this  without  one 
particle  of  manure.  It  is  clear,  therefore,  that  the  land  itself  was  not  exhausted,  and  in  speaking  of 
this  as  an  agriculturally  exhausted  soil,  Mr.  Lawes  simply  intended  to  say  that  the  manure  which  had 
previously  been  used  was  exhausted. 

In  this  sense  our  farmers  are  rapidly  exhausting  their  soil.  The  English  farmer  manures  his 
land,  grows  three  or  four  grain  crops,  and  then  considers  his  land  exhausted.  The  American  farmer 
cuts  down  the  forest,  burns  more  or  less  of  the  timber  on  the  land,  and  scatters  the  ashes  on  the 
surface,  then  turns  up  the  soil  as  best  he  may  among  the  stumps,  sows  his  grain  and  gets  good  crops. 
Why  ?  Because  the  land  has  been  heavily  manured  by  nature.  The  trees  and  underwood  have  through 
their  deep  roots  been  drawing  up  mineral  matter  from  the  earth,  and  the  leaves  absorb  carbonic  acid 
and  ammonia  from  the  atmosphere. 

Shall  he  avail  himself  of  this  manure,  or  shall  he  let  it  lie  dormant  ?  What  would  be  said  of  the 
farmer  who  should  give  his  land  a  heavy  coat  of  manure  and  then  neglect  to  raise  crops?  If  it  will 
produce  good  wheat  and  other  cereals  that  command  the  ready  cash,  is  he  to  be  accused  of  adopting  a 
'•scourging  and  exhaustive  system  of  agriculture"  for  growing  these  crops?  And  yet  this  is  what  the 
American  farmer  has  done.  His  land  was  rich,  but  he  was  poor  and  raised  those  crops  which  afforded 
the  most  immediate  profit.  We  would  not  be  understood  as  advocating  the  continued  growth  of  grain 
crops  without  manure;  our  only  object  is  to  show  the  erroneous  conclusions  to  which  a  misuse  of 
statistical  facts  may  lead,  and  to  vindicate  the  American  farmers  from  the  charge  so  frequently  pre 
ferred  against  them,  of  recklessly  exhausting  their  soil.  We  think  they  have  simply  exhausted  the 
manure  which  nature  has  spread  upon  their  recently  cleared  fields,  and  that  in  doing  so  to  a  prudent 

degree,  they  were  not  unwise. 
2 


x  INTRODUCTION. 

"But  when  this  natural  manure  begins  to  fail,  we  must  manure  the  land  and  vary  our  system  of 
agriculture.  That  any  of  our  so-called  exhausted  land  can  be  speedily  restored  to  its  original  fertility, 
we  have  abundant  evidence.  All  that  is  necessary,  is  to  cultivate  the  soil  more  thoroughly,  under-drain 
where  it  is  wet,  sow  less  grain  and  more  clover  and  grass,  keep  more  stock,  and  make  more  and  richer 
manure,  and  the  farmer  is  wise  who  makes  the  transition  from  natural  to  artificial  fertility  easy  and 
gradual,  so  as  to  avoid  all  sterility. 

American  agriculture  is  in  a  transition  state.  In  the  older-settled  sections  of  the  country  there  is 
much  land  that  has  been  exhausted  of  its  original  fertility.  Here  the  old  system  of  fanning,  which 
was  simply  to  raise  all  the  grain  that  the  land  would  produce,  is  no  longer  profitable.  But  yet  some 
farmers,  with  that  aversion  to  change  for  which  they  are  everywhere  proverbial,  are  slow  to  adopt  an 
intelligent  system  of  rotation  and  manuring,  and  cling  to  their  old  ways. 

One  of  the  ablest  agricultural  writers  of  England  remarked  some  time  since,  that  his  only  hope 
of  seeing  any  great  improvement  in  agriculture  lay  in  the  rising  generation.  This  remark  is  quite  as 
applicable  to  American  as  to  English  agriculture.  We  must  look  to  the  intelligent  young  men  of  our 
country  for  any  great  improvement  in  its  agriculture,  and  it  is  a  matter  on  which  we  may  well  con 
gratulate  ourselves,  that  even  during  the  present  terrible  struggle,  agricultural  education  is  not  neglected. 
We  have  two  agricultural  colleges  in  active  operation,  and  others  in  process  of  organization.  Our 
young  men  are  beginning  to  realize  that  agriculture  is  worthy  their  highest  ambition,  and  that  in  no 
other  pursuit  will  intelligent  labor  meet  with  a  surer  reward. 


Farming  implements  and  machinery  in  use,  value  of. 


STATES. 

H 

I860.                                                  STATES. 

I 

I860. 

Alabama  

$7,  433,  178 
4,175,326 
2,  558,  506 
2,  339,  481 
817,  883 
900,669 
6,  844,  387 
17,  235,  472 
10,457,897 
5,  327,  033 
727,  094 
7,474,573 
18,048,225 
3,298,327 
4,010,529 
3,894,998 
5,819,832 
1,018,183 
8,820,512 
8,711,508 
2,  083,  012 
5,  740,  567 
29,100,093 
5,873,942 
17,  538,  832 
952,313 
22,  442,  842 

$580,791 
0,151,057 
8,  405,  792 
6,259,452 
3,  065,  955 
9,  392,  296 
5,758,847 

Arkansas  

Connecticut  

Delaware  

Florida  

Iowa  

245,  205,  206 

TERRITORIES. 
District  of  Columbia  

Louisiana  

54,  408 
15,574 
205,004 
11,081 
192,917 
242,889 
190,  402 

Dakota  

Nebraska  

s 

Nevada  

New  Mexico  

Utah  

Washington  

New  Jersey  

Total  Territories  

New  York. 

9  J  2,  935 

Ohio....  

Oregon  

$246,118,141 

Pennsylvania  .  

INTRODUCTION.  xi 

Statistics  of  agricultural  implements  produced  in  the  United  States  during  the  year  ending  June  1,  1860. 


No.  of  estab 
lishments. 

Capital 
employed. 

Rii\%-  material, 
value  of. 

Number  of  hands. 

Cost  of  labor. 

Value  of  pro 
duct. 

Value  of  pro 
duct  in  1850. 

Male. 

1,577 
5,113 
7.C06 
1,095 
19 

Female. 

213 

C78 
840 
241 
10 

$1,021,800 
3,972,116 
5,  807,  358 
(564,265 
11,700 

$749,  530 
2,026,233 
2,526,578 
310,569 
12,259 

1 
1 

$534,  837 
1,634,496 
2,  529,  809 
356,  232 
15,300 

81,934,924 
5,791,224 
8,707,194 
1,018,913 
35,705 

$1,662,426 
2,471,806 
1,923,927 
784,  452 

2 

Total              

1,982 

11,477,239 

5,625,169 

14,810 

4 

5,  070,  674 

17,487,960 

6,842,611 

88 

53 
67 

007,  025 
901,000 
75ft,  825 

214,0:!7 
865,068 

287,  488 

474 
1,183 
614 

174,948 
413,540 
266,  168 

552,  753 
1,635,676 
1,152,315 

Shovels,  spades,  hoes,  and  forks*. 

1 
2 



132 

2,  386,  ar>0 

1,366,593 

2,271 

3 

&54,656 

3,340,744 

2,114 

13,864,089 

6,991,762 

17,081 

7 

5,  925,  330 

20,82^,704 

'  Value  of,  not  represented  in  1850. 


AGRICULTURAL    IMPLEMENTS. 

PROBABLY  no  exhibition  of  our  national  statistics  is  more  important  or  satisfactory,  than  the  fore 
going  tables  showing  the  great  increase  and  present  extent,  of  the  construction  and  employment  of 
agricultural  implements  and  machinery. 

The  high  price  of  labor  has  stimulated  mechanical  invention.  In  no  other  country  are  there  so 
many  cheap  and  efficient  implements  and  machines  for  facilitating  the  labors  of  the  farm.  In  older 
and  richer  countries  we  find  more  expensive  machinery,  but,  as  a  general  rule,  it  is  too  complicated  and 
cumbersome  for  our  use.  We  have  been  thrown  on  our  own  resources,  and  have  no  reason  to  regret  it. 

Whatever  augments  the  productive  capacities  of  the  soil,  or  increases  the  profits  of  labor  and 
capital  employed  on  so  large  a  scale,  either  in  the  first  production  or  the  subsequent  handling  of  crops, 
becomes  a  practical  clement  in  the  general  prosperity.  The  vast  power  resident  in  machinery,  even 
the  more  simple  applications  of  the  mechanical  powers,  with  their  modern  perfection  of  detail,  gives 
this  creative  force,  which  may  be  increased  almost  beyond  computation  by  the  use  of  steam  as  a  prime 
mover.  Thus,  every  machine  or  tool  which  enables  one  farm-hand  to  do  the  work  of  two,  cheapens 
the  product  of  his  labor  to  every  consumer,  and  relieves  one  in  every  two  of  the  population  from  the 
duty  of  providing  subsistence,  enabling  him  to  engage  in  other  pursuits,  either  laborious,  literary,  pro 
fessional  or  scientific,  practically  duplicating  at  the  same  time  the  active  capital  or  the  purchasing 
power  nf  the  producer,  thus  enhancing  the  comfort  of  all  and  stimulating  the  common  enterprise. 

When  the  utility  of  labor-saving  appliances  in  agriculture  shall  come  to  be  fully  apprehended,  and 
made  generally  available  in  the  clearing,  draining,  and  tilling  of  the  soil;  in  the  planting,  irrigating, 
cultivating  and  harvesting  of  crops,  and  in  their  speedy  preparation  for  market,  wo  may  regard  the 
occurrence  of  famine,  cither  from  deficiency  of  labor,  as  in  time  of  war,  or  from  the  contingencies  of 
soil  and  climate,  as  practically  impossible.  Already  has  the  use  of  improved  implements,  aided  by 
scientific  and  practical  knowledge  in  all  the  processes  of  the  farm,  resulted — like  the  use  of  machinery 
in  other  departments  of  industry — in  such  a  diversification  and  increase  of  the  forms  of  labor,  and 
such  a  cheapening  of  its  products  under  ordinary  circumstances,  that  we  rarely  hear  of  the  unreasoning 
and  jealous  violence  of  farm  laborers,  who  in  England,  a  generation  since,  wantonly  destroyed  all  the 
agricultural  machinery  of  a  neighborhood,  even  to  the  common  drills,  in  the  mistaken  opinion  that  its 


xii  INTRODUCTION. 

use  was  an  infringement  of  their  rights  to  labor.  Its  palpable  advantages  has  disarmed  the  traditionary 
prejudice  of  the  husbandman  himself,  who  is  fast  becoming  as  progressive  as  his  neighbor.  '  It  has 
lifted  much  of  the  drudgery  from  the  shoulders  of  the  country-bred  youth,  who  no  longer  loses  his 
elastic  step  and  suppleness  of  limb  in  the  moil  of  the  farm,  which  he  once  instinctively  shunned  as 
degrading,  while  he  sought  the  lighter  and  more  or  less  intellectual  pursuits  of  the  city.  It  has  thus 
tended  to  elevate  the  pursuit  of  agriculture  to  its  proper  position  in  the  social  scale,  as  one  of  dignity 
and  independence,  and  not  one  of  mere  physical  toil,  to  be  shared  in  common  with  the  brute. 

It  is  in  the  United  States  especially,  where  vast  areas  of  improvable  and  fertile  lauds  invite  the 
labor  of  a  sparse  population,  that  agricultural  machinery  is  capable  of  effecting  its  greatest  triumphs. 
Far  back  in  our  colonial  days  the  stream  of  emigration  bore  the  young  and  adventurous  of  the  Atlantic 
settlements  toward  the  richer  bottoms  and  prairies  of  the  west.  A  gradual  deterioration  of  the  fertility 
of  Ihe  soil  of  the  older  States  from  constant  cropping,  and  the  consequent  increased  labor  required 
with  the  imperfect  implements  formerly  in  use,  were  sufficient  to  maintain  the  yearly  exodus.  Columns 
of  hardy  laborers  from  Europe  have  annually  sought  our  shores,  and  for  the  most  part  have  as  promptly 
filed  off  in  the  same  direction  in  quest  of  cheap  farms,  or  in  the  more  alluring  search  for  the  precious 
metals.  As  a  consequence,  civilization  smiles  upon  the  shores  of  either  ocean,  and  looks  down  from 
the  mountain  summits  which  separate  them.  A  prosperous  and  expanding  agriculture,  with  most  of 
the  arts  which  it  demands  and  fosters,  has  been  rapidly  extended  over  a  territory  of  enormous  breadth 
and  fertility,  which  lacks  only  the  labor  of  adequate  cultivation  to  develope  its  vast  resources  in  a  wealth 
of  cereal  production  as  yet  scarcely  imagined.  The  very  causes,  however,  which  have  opened  up  this 
territory  to  agriculture  and  the  arts  have  produced  and  maintained  a  continued  scarcity  of  labor,  and 
kept  its  wages  at  a  permanently  high  price.  It  is  this  enormous  area  of  farm  lands,  and  this  great 
dearth  of  manual  labor  throughout  the  Union,  that  our  inventors  and  mechanics  have  from  an  early 
period  been  invited  to  supply  with  labor-saving  contrivances. 

Fortunately  the  people  of  this  country  have  not  been  slow  to  adopt  the  most  efficient  substitutes 
for  animal  power,  and  the  inventive  talent  of  the  nation  has  found  an  ample  and  remunerating  tield  for 
its  exercise  in  originating  and  perfecting  instruments  adapted  to  all  the  wants  of  the  fanner  and  planter. 
The  great  staple  products  of  cotton,  grain,  and  hay,  have  especially  demanded  the  substitution  of 
mechanical  for  muscular  labor,  and  some  of  the  happiest  products  of  American  skill  have  been  the 
result. 

Scarcely  less  valuable  in  the  aggregate,  however,  are  the  numerous  minor  inventions  whereby  the 
labors  of  the  farm  and  the  household  have  been  saved.  Implements  of  this  kind  make  up  a  large 
portion  of  the  stock  in  trade  of  the  makers  and  venders  of  agricultural  wares.  This  successful 
application  of  the  mechanics  of  agriculture  has  happily  supplemented  the  rapid  displacement  of  a 
large  amount  of  rural  labor  called  off  by  the  war,  manufactures,  and  the  mines,  and  has  itself  in  turn 
been  stimulated  by  the  high  prices  of  produce  consequent  upon. increased  demand  both  for  home  and 
foreign  consumption. 

Evidence  that  this  scarcity  of  labor  in  the  United  States  has  been  a  principal  incitement  to  the 
invention  and  manufacture  of  agricultural  implements  is  found  in  a  late  report  of  the  Commissioner  of 
Patents,  who  states  that  "  the  most  striking  fact  connected  with  this  class  is  the  rapid  increase  of 
applications  filed.  Notwithstanding  half  a  million  of  our  agriculturists  have  been  withdrawn  from  the 
farm  to  engage  in  military  service,  still  the  number  of  applications  for  patents  on  agricultural  imple 
ments,  (exclusive  of  reapers,  bee-hives,  horse  hay-forks,  and  horse  hay-rakes,)  has  increased  from  three 
hundred  and  fifty  in  1861,  to  five  hundred  and  two  in  1863."*  The  number  of  patented  inventions 
belonging  to  the  class  of  agriculture,  previous  to  1848,  was  2,043,  since  which  time  the  number  has 
been  vastly  augmented.  In  the  United  States,  as  in  Europe,  the  principal  improvements  in  agricul 
tural  and  horticultural  implements  have  been  made  within  the  present  century.  As  a  branch  of 
manufacture,  this  class  of  machinery  has  been  wonderfully  extended  within  tlie  last  ten  or  fifteen 


'Introductory  report  of  Commissioner  of  Patents  for  18GJ,  pivg 


.      INTRODUCTION.  xiii 

years,  having  received  a  great  impetus  from  the  exhibition  in  London  in  1851 — where  our  own  pro 
gress  in  this  respect  created  so  much  surprise  among  foreigners — and  the  several  international  fairs 
which  have  taken  place  since  that  time.  Throughout  Europe  and  America,  until  a  comparatively  recent 
date,  the  implements  of  the  farm  remained  extremely  rude,  primitive,  and  inefficient  in  form.  Atten 
tion  appears  to  have  been  first  strongly  awakened  to  the  value  of  mechanical  aids  in  farming  about  the 
period  of  the  first  introduction  of  agricultural  societies. 

The  Royal  Society,  established  in  England  in  1GGO,  encouraged  improvements  in  agriculture. 
But  in  the  transactions  of  the  Society  for  the  Encouragement  of  Arts,  Manufactures,  and  Commerce, 
instituted  in  London  in  1753,  we  trace  a  still  more  liberal  promotion,  and  a  general  interest  in  a«rricul- 
tural  progress.  These  societies  prepared  the  way  for  the  establishment  of  purely  agricultural  associa 
tions.  The  first  associated  effort  made  in  England  to  encourage  agriculture  by  specific  rewards  was 
in  the  premiums  annually  offered  by  the  Society  of  Arts  after  the  year  1758,  for  experiments  in  hus 
bandry,  and  for  improved  implements  of  the  farm.  The  first  agricultural  society  in  Great  Britain,  tin; 
Society  of  Improvers  in  Scotland,  established  in  1723,  encouraged  improvements  in  tillage,  and  in 
farm  implements,  with  such  effect  that  "  more  corn  was  grown  yearly  where  corn  never  grew  before 
than  a  sixth  of  all  that  the  kingdom  used  to  produce  at  any  previous  time."*  About  the  same  time 
Jcthro  Tull  introduced — along  with  his  system  of  deep  tillage  and  thorough  pulverization  of  the  soil — 
the  use  of  the  horse-hoe,  the  drill,  and  other  improved  utensils,  and  became  the  greatest  practical 
improver  of  agriculture  in  the  last  century.  He  even  attempted  an  automatic  threshing-machine,  and 
incurred  the  usual  charge  of  being  a  visionary  innovator.  The  profit  of  drill  husbandry  was  also 
demonstrated  by  John  Wynn  Baker,  of  Kildarc.  in  Ireland,  who  in  17GG  commenced  a  scries  of 
experiments  with  a  view  of  systematizing  agricultural  knowledge  by  establishing  fixed  principles  of 
rural  economy,  and  showed  by  actual  experiment  that  the  saving  effected  by  the  drill  and  horse-hoe 
amounted  in  fifteen  years  to  the  fee-simple  of  all  the  tillage  lands  of  the  kingdom.  He  established  as 
a  part  of  his  project  a  manufactory  of  farm  implements,  and  issued  a  catalogue  of  seventy  different 
machines  and  tools,  all  new  to  the  agriculturist  at  that  time.  Agricultural  machines  were  thenceforth 
made  with  more  regard  to  scientific  principles. 

The  earliest  agricultural  associations  in  the  United  States  were  established  in  1785,  in  South 
Carolina  and  Pennsylvania  In  the  first-mentioned  State,  indeed,  nearly  a  century  before,  the  assembly 
passed  "an  act  for  the  better  encouragement  of  the  making  of  engines  for  the  propagating  the  staples 
of  the  colony,"  which  was  followed  by  legislative  encouragement  to  various  individuals  who  improved 
the  machines  for  pounding  and  cleaning  rice.  In  1784  the  assembly  enacted  a  regular  patent  and 
copyright  law,  giving  to  the  authors  of  books  and  the  inventors  of  useful  machinery  the  exclusive 
benefit  of  their  productions  for  fourteen  years.  The  Philadelphia  Society  for  Promoting  Agriculture, 
established  in  March,  1785,  and  after  a  period  of  inaction  revived  and  incorporated  in  1801),  through 
the  exertions  of  the  Hon.  Richard  Peters,  awakened  much  attention  to  the  subject  of  improved  imple 
ments  and  machinery,  by  means  of  a  judicious  system  of  premiums,  and  of  practical  essays.  In  July, 
1809,  Mr.  Peters  proposed  to  the  society  "a  plan  for  establishing  a  manufactory  of  agricultural  instru 
ments,  and  a  warehouse  and  repository  for  receiving  and  vending  them."  In  that  paper  he  states  that 
no  manufactory  of  agricultural  implements  in  general  existed  in  the  United  States,  although  the  demand 
was  prodigiously  great.  The  proposed  manufactory  was  to  produce,  under  the  patronage  of  tin; 
society,  every  implement  of  husbandry,  both  common  and  extraordinary,  in  use  at  home  or  abroad,  if 
approved  on  trial ;  none  to  be  sold  without  inspection  and  the  stamp  of  the  society's  agent.  His  plan 
also  embraced  a  collection  of  models  in  the  manner  of  the  Conservatory  of  Arts  and  Trades,  established 
at  Paris  a  few  years  before.  The  Massachusetts  Society  for  Promoting  Agriculture,  incorporated  in 
1792,  labored  successfully  to  promote  like  improvements.  The  first  statistics  of  the  national  industry 
collected  in  the  following  year  embraced  one  small  manufactory  of  hand-rakes,  in  Berkshire  county, 
Massachusetts,  which  made  annually  1,100  rakes,  valued  at  $1,870.  The  census  of  1820  gave  very 

0  I'hilpji'  History  of  Progress  in  Great  lirituin. 


xiv  INTRODUCTION.       . 

meagre  information  respecting  this  branch  of  production.  Several  small  manufactories  of  ploughs, 
scythes,  axes,  shovels,  hoes,  &c.,  existed  in  different  States,  and  one  of  patent  steel  pitchforks,  in  New 
Haven,  Connecticut,  turned  out  about  85,000  worth  annually.  During  the  next  thirty  years  the  busi 
ness  increased  more  rapidly,  the  traditionary  prejudices  of  farmers  gradually  giving  way  before  the 
established  utility  of  labor-saving  appliances  in  the  cultivation  of  the  vast  domain  of  our  national 
agriculture.  The  form  and  finish  of  ordinary  farm  tools  were  much  improved,  and  a  few  grand  inven 
tions  were  brought  forward.  In  1833  rice  was  successfully  threshed  out  in  the  southern  States  by 
animal  and  steam  power.  The  harvesting  of  grain  by  machinery,  which  had  been  several  times  essayed 
at  an  earlier  period,  was  the  same  year  attempted  at  Cincinnati,  where  the  late  Obcd  Husscy  cradled 
wheat  as  fast  as  eight  persons  could  bind  it. 

State  and  county  agricultural  societies  were,  during  the  same  time,  organized  in  nearly  every  section 
of  the  Union  where  they  did  not  already  exist.  The  system  of  annual  fairs  and  exhibitions  of  farm 
products  and  machinery  instituted  by  them,  and  encouraged  by  public  awards  of  premiums,  powerfully 
stimulated  invention,  and  made  our  farmers  familiar  with  the  best  forms  of  agricultural  implements  in 
use  at  home  or  abroad.  Of  like  influence,  but  wider  scope,  was  the  American  Institute  in  New  York, 
which  has  made  its  influence  felt  in  every  department  of  industry. 

The  exhibition  of  the  industry  of  all  nations  held  in  London  in  the  year  1851  exerted  a  vast 
influence  upon  the  progress  of  ideas  on  the  subject  of  mechanical  agriculture,  as  it  did  upon  all  other 
branches  of  art.  The  contrasts  there  presented  between  the  highest  results  of  modern  skill  and 
ingenuity  exercised  upon  the  implements  of  husbandry,  and  the  rude  models  of  the  plough  and  other 
tools  to  be  seen  in  the  Indian  department,  little  improved  since  the  clays  of  the  Hebrew  prophets, 
forcibly  illustrated  the  agency  of  the  mechanic  and  the  engineer  in  the  art  of  subduing  nature  to  the 
will  and  service  of  mankind. 

Although  the  number  of  implements  of  each  kind  exhibited  by  the  United  States  on  that  occasion 
was  small,  the  variety  shown  was  considerable.  The  general  excellence  of  American  ploughs,  reapers, 
churns,  scythes,  axes,  forks  and  other  implements,  was  acknowledged  by  the  public  admission  of 
disinterested  judges  from  all  parts  of  the  world,  and  the  particular  merits  of  many  by  the  medals 
awarded,  and  by  the  number  of  orders  received  at  the  time  by  the  manufacturers.  The  triumph  of 
the  American  reapers  marked  a  new  era  in  agriculture,  and  gave  a  strong  impulse  to  the  inventive 
genius  of  Europe  and  America.  The  emulation  awakened  among  manufacturers  by  the  London 
exhibition  was  still  further  stimulated  by  the  Crystal  Palace  exhibition,  which  took  place  in  New  York 
in  1853-'4,  when  more  than  one  hundred  American  manufacturers  competed  for  honorable  distinction 
in  this  department  of  mechanics. 

The  influence  of  these  exhibitions  of  the  collective  ingenuity  of  the  world  upon  our  own  country 
men,  in  furnishing  our  mechanics  with  a  standard  of  comparison  by  which  to  measure  their  own 
contributions  to  the  world's  progress  with  the  most  improved  implements  of  the  civilized  world,  and 
our  agriculturists — already  familiar  with  American  instruments  through  our  State  and  local  fairs — with 
a  view  of  the  appliances  of  agriculture  in  other  lands,  can  scarcely  be  overrated. 

Some  of  the  results  are  to  be  seen  in  the  tables  before  us. 

Credit  is  also  due  to  the  United  States  Agricultural  Society  for  instituting  a  great  national  field 
trial  of  reapers,  mowers,  and  other  implements,  held  at  Syracuse,  New  York,  in  1857,  for  the  purpose 
of  testing  practically  the  relative  merits  of  different  machines  and  rewarding  special  excellence. 

The  magnitude  of  the  interests  involved  in  the  successful  production  of  a  new  labor-saving  imple 
ment  for  husbandry  should  alone  prove  a  sufficient  spur  to  inventors  and  manufacturers.  A  slight 
improvement  in  straw-cutters  has  enabled  its  inventor  in  a  western  tour  of  eight  months  with  a  model 
to  realize  forty  thousand  dollars.  Another  has  been  known  to  sell  a  machine  to  thresh  and  clean  grain, 
after  fifteen  months  use,  for  sixty  thousand  dollars.  The  McCormick  reaper  is  believed  to  have  yielded 
its  inventor  annually  a  princely  income.  A  single  manufacturer  has  paid  the  legal  representatives  of  a 


INTRODUCTION.  xv 

patentee  8117,000  in  a  single  year  for  the  use  of  a  patent-right  on  an  agricultural  machine  which  others 
were  making  at  the  same  time  by  contract  with  the  owner. 

From  an  article  upon  agricultural  implements,  published  in  the  annual  report  of  the  Department 
of  Agriculture,  by  the  Hon.  M.  L.  Dunlap,  of  Illinois,  we  are  pleased  to  sec  that  invention  in  this 
branch  has  not  been  stationary  during  the  war.  Among  the  principal  competitors  for  public  favor  in 
prairie  farming,  to  which  his  remarks  chiefly  relate,  arc  the  rotary  spader  with  horse-power,  which 
promises  to  be  more  effective  than  the  steam-plough  with  traction  engines,  .the  latter  having  thus  far 
proved  a  failure  in  moist  or  cultivated  soils;  the  steel-clipper  plough,  with  polished  cast-steel  mold-board; 
the  tWo-horse  cultivator  or  plough  ;  the  iron  roller;  the  hand  sowing-machine;  reaping  and  mowing- 
machines,  separate  or  uuconibincd ;  the  sulky,  wire-tooth  horse  hay-rake;  the  horse  hay-fork  or  patent 
pitchfork;  the  horse-power  thresher  with  straw-carrier  and  bagging  apparatus  attached;  the  drain- 
plough;  the  portable  farm  mill  and  the  sorghum  mill.  But  the  statistics  of  the  eighth  census  will 
measure  the  public  appreciation  of  these  and  other  new  productions  of  American  skill,  and  their 
influence  upon  the  rural  economy  of  the  nation. 

The  cash  value  of  farms  under  actual  cultivation  in  the  United  States  in  1850  was  83,271,575,420. 
Their  value  had  risen  in  18GO  to  86,045,045,007,  an  increass  of  103  per  cent,  in  ten  years.  The 
amount  of  capital  invested  in  implements  and  machinery  for  their  cultivation  in  1800  was  8240,118,141, 
having  in  ten  years  increased  894,530,503,  or  more  than  sixty-three  per  cent.  Thus,  the  fixed  capital 
of  the  agriculturists  in  farms,  and  in  farm  tools  and  machinery,  both  increased  in  a  ratio  much  more 
accelerated  than  that  of  the  population,  which  during  the  same  time  augmented  at  the  rate  of  only 
thirty-five  and  one  half  per  centum.  If  we  suppose  the  rural  population  to  have  increased  in  the  same 
proportion  with  the  whole,  and  the  productiveness  of  the  soil  to  have  remained  unchanged,  we  shall 
perceive  that  an  immense  increment  of  productive  force  accrued  to  the  nation  within  ten  years  in  the 
mechanical  appliances  of  agriculture  alone.  Taking  the  aggregate  number  of  acres  of  improved  lands 
in  the  United  States  to  be,  in  round  numbers,  one  hundred  and  sixty-three  millions,  as  shown  by  the 
returns,  it  would  thus  appear  that  the  average  value  of  farm  implements  and  machinery  for  each  farm 
of  one  hundred  acres  is  only  about  8150,  which  is  probably  less  than  one  third  the  sum  that  could  be 
so  invested  with  profit,  at  least  in  the  older  settled  States.  The  greatest  deficiency  in  this  respect  is 
found  in  New  England,  where  it  is  only  81  34  per  acre,  probably  due  to  the  ruggedness  of  the  country. 
In  the  middle  States  the  value  of  machinery  employed  is  82  07  per  acre;  in  the  western  States  81  50, 
and  in  the  southern  81  48  per  acre.  Notwithstanding  the  evidence,  therefore,  of  an  improvement  in 
the  quantity  and  quality  of  implements,  and  infercntially  of  a  better  system  of  farming,  there  is  mani 
festly  room  for  further  improvements  in  this  respect,  and  ample  encouragement  to  our  agricultural 
machinists  to  supply  the  growing  demand. 

The  production  of  labor-saving  machinery,  as  will  be  shown  by  the  tables  of  manufactures,  was 
still  going  on  to  the  amount  of  817,487,900  in  1800,  which  was  likewise  an  increase  of  nearly  150 
per  cent,  over  the  value  made  in  1850,  when  it  reached  the  sum  of  83,842,011.  This  was  exclusive 
of  all  articles  made  on  the  farm,  which  was  formerly  considerable,  but  is  yearly  decreasing  as  regular 
manufactories  and  depots  for  the  sale  of  farm  implements  are  multiplied,  and  their  cost  diminished.  It 
also  excludes  cotton-gins,  scythes,  hoes,  shovels,  spades,  forks,  and  some  other  articles  of  hardware, 
wagons,  carts,  and  wheelbarrows,  the  value  of  which  amounted  to  811,790,941,  and  might  appropriately 
be  added  to  the  above  table. 

Of  the  total  product  in  I860,  nearly  two  millions  in  value  was  made  in  New  England,  being  an 
increase  of  about  sixteen  per  cent,  upon  the  returns  of  1850. 

The  middle  States  increased  their  production  from  less  than  two  and  a  quarter  to  upward  of  five 
and  tliree-quarter  millions,  or  134.2  per  cent.  The  great  States  of  New  York  and  Pennsylvania 
returned,  the  one  333,  and  the  other  200  establishments  devoted  to  this  branch  of  manufacture,  and 
the  increase  in  their  product  was  172.7  and  85.5  per  cent.,  respectively,  over  the  business  of  1850. 


xvi  INTRODUCTION. 

In  tho  western  States  the  increase  was  most  extraordinary,  the  value  having  augmented  from 
§1,923,927  to  $8,707,194,  or  352.5  per  cent.  Their  total  production  was  nearly  one-half  that  of  the 
wlu  le  Union.  Its  increase  alone  was  nearly  thirty-nine  per  cent,  of  the  whole,  and  nearly  equalled 
the  total  manufacture  of  the  United  States  in  1850.  The  States  of  Ohio  and  Illinois,  together,  manu 
factured  to  a  greater  amount  than  any  other  two  States  in  the  Union,  the  value  amounting  in  the  former 
to  §2,820,626,  and  in  the  latter  to  $2,379,362,  and  the  increase  to  405.5  and  212.2  per  cent,,  respect 
ively.  Iowa  increased  its  manufacture  1,208.6  and  Kentucky  755.4  per  cent,  over  the  product  of  1850. 

In  the  southern  States  the  aggregate  was  but  little  over  one  million,  and  the  rate  of  increase 
nearly  thirty  per  cent.  Virginia  was  the  largest  manufacturer,  but  in  several  there  was  a  falling  oiF 
from  the  product  of  1850,  after  excluding  cotton-gins,  &c.,  as  before  mentioned. 

The  largest  amount  manufactured  in  any  one  county  in  1860  was  in  Stark  county,  Ohio,  in  which 
fifteen  establishments  produced  $900,480,  the  larger  part  of  which  consisted  of  mowers  and  reapers, 
and  of  threshing-machines  and  separators,  in  each  of  which  three  factories  were  employed.  The  next 
largest  county  production  in  this  branch  was  in  Cook  county,  Illinois,  which  made  to  the  value  of 
$529,000,  chiefly  in  the  city  of  Chicago.  Of  that  sum,  8414,000  was  the  value  of  4,131  reapers  and 
mowers  made  by  a  single  establishment,  the  largest  in  the  country.  Rensselaer  and  Cayuga  counties- 
in  New  York,  each  produced  upward  of  $400,000  worth  of  agricultural  implements,  and  a  single  firm 
in  Canton,  Stark  county,  Ohio,  made  reapers,  mowers,  and  threshers  to  the  value  of  $399,000. 

From  the  New  England  States  there  is  a  considerable  exportation  of  agricultural  implements  to 
the  British  provinces,  the  southern  States,  and  other  parts  of  the  world. 

That  the  large  rates  of  increase  in  this  branch  indicated  by  the  foregoing  figures  are  not  due 
simply  to  the  increase  of  population,  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  in  Illinois,  whose  rate  of  increase  with 
so  large  a  population  is  without  a  parallel,  the  increase  in  value  of  agricultural  implements  manu 
factured  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850,  was  212  per  cent,,  while  the  increase  of  population  during 
the  same  period  was  only  101  per  cent.  In  Ohio  the  population  increased  only  18.14  per  cent.,  while 
its  production  of  agricultural  implements  was  augmented  417.6  per  cent. 

We  subjoin  a  summary  of  the  progress  of  invention  in  relation  to  a  few  of  the  more  important 
instruments  of  this  class,  having  given  in  the  preliminary  report  an  account  of  the  progress  in 
threshing  implements. 

THE  PLOUGH. — Could  the  history  of  this  machine,  the  type  and  pioneer  of  all  other  implements  of 
husbandry,  be  traced  from  its  origin,  it  would  probably  be  found  that  few  agricultural  utensils  have 
undergone  greater  modifications,  or  been  more  slowly  improved  than  the  plough.  Originally,  nothing 
more  than  the  rude  branch  of  a  tree,  with  its  cleft  and  curved  end  sharpened  to  scratch  a  furrow  for 
the  seed,  possibly,  as  suggested  by  the  ingenious  Tull,  in  imitation  of  the  tillage  effected  by  swine,  the 
instrument  appears  at  this  time  to  have  been  brought  as  nearly  to  perfection  as  it  is  possible  to  attain. 
The  primitive  plough,  a  "  mere  wedge  with  a  short  beam  and  crooked  handle,"  became  in  time  fitted 
with  a  movable  share  of  wood,  stone,  copper,  or  iron,  wrought  to  suitable  shape,  as  we  find  it  in  the 
hands  of  our  Saxon  ancestors.  To  this  a  rude  wooden  mould-board  to  turn  the  furrow  was  afterward 
added,  and  with  various  improvements  in  shape,  continued  in  use  until  near  the  present  time. 

What  was  its  form  or  efficiency  in  the  days  when  Elisha  was  summoned  from  ploughing  with 
twelve  yoke  of  oxen,  to  assume  the  mantle  and  functions  of  the  Hebrew  prophet,  may  not  be  quite 
apparent,  but  the  plough  was  certainly  hundreds  of  years  in  reaching  the  imperfect  state  above  described, 
and  was  several  hundred  more  in  approximating  its  present  improved  condition.  In  the  middle  of  the 
last  century  the  ploughs  of  southern  Europe  had  been  little  improved,  and  were  still  destitute  of  a 
coulter,  as  in  the  old  Roman  plough  of  the  days  of  Virgil  and  Columella.  It  has  received  few  modifica 
tions  there  down  to  this  time.  Even  in  England,  at  that  period,  the  plough  was  an  exceedingly  rude 
and  cumbersome  affair  compared  with  the  best  now  in  use.  It  was  no  uncommon  thing  in  parts  of  the 
island  thirty  years  ago  to  see  from  three  to  five  horses  in  light  soils,  and  in  heavy  ones  sometimes,  as 
many  as  seven  attached  to  a  plough,  which  turned  about  three-quarters  of  an  acre  per  diem.  The  old 


INTRODUCTION.  xvn 

Scotch  plough  was  still  worse,  and  in  Scotland,  where  agricultural  machinery  is  now  most  perfect,  no 
instance  was  known  of  ploughing  with  less  than  four  horses.  The  usual  number  was  six  horses,  or 
tour  horses  and  two  oxen,  and  sometimes  as  many  as  ten  or  twelve  were  yoked  to  it,  each  requiring  a 
driver.  William  Dawson,  soon  after  1760,  introduced  the  custom  of  ploughing  with  two  horses  abreast 
with  lilies.* 

Although  the  swing-plough  is  believed  to  have  been  the  earliest  used  in  Great  Britain,  one  and 
two  wheel  ploughs — long  used  on  the  continent — were  most  in  favor.  Turn-wrest  ploughs,  drill,  drain, 
and  trenching  ploughs,  and  others  adapted  to  different  uses,  were  employed  in  considerable  variety. 

A  capital  improvement  in  the  plough  was  the  invention  of  the  iron  mould-board  and  landside.  An 
approach  to  this  was  made  by  Joseph  Foljambre,  of  Rotherham,  England,  who  hi  1720  took  out  Ihe 
first  patent  of  the  kind  recorded.  It  was  for  a  mould-board  and  landside  of  wood  sheathed  with  iron 
plates,  the  share  and  coulter  being  made  of  wrought  iron  with  steel  edges.  One  of  these  patent  or 
Rotherham  ploughs — as  all  similar  ones  were  called  for  many  years — was  imported  and  used  for  some 
time  with  much  satisfaction  by  General  Washington,  but,  becoming  worn,  our  ploughwrights  were 
unable  to  repair  it.  The  ploughs  used  in  New  England  early  in  this  century,  and  more  recently  in  the 
south,  were  of  similar  construction  About  the  year  1740  James  Small,  of  Berwickshire,  in  Scotland, 
first  introduced  the  cast-iron  mould-board,  still  using  wrought-iron  shares.  During  fifty  years  he  con 
tinued  to  manufacture  and  improve  the  Scotch  swing-plough,  which,  since  made  wholly  of  iron,  has  long 
been  regarded  as  the  best  in  use  in  England.  In  1785  Robert  Ransome,  of  Ipswich,  introduced  cast- 
iron  shares,  and  about  1803  made  improvements  still  in  use,  by  making-  the  cutting  edges  of  chilled 
iron  harder  than  steel,  by  casting  them  in  moulds  upon  bars  of  cold  iron.  The  making  of  the  first  iron 
plough  has  been  attributed  to  William  Allan,  a  farmer  of  Lanarkshire,  in  Scotland,  in  1804,  but  an  iron 
plough  was  presented  to  the  Society  of  Arts  in  London  as  early  as  1773,  by  a  Mr.  Brand.  The  cast-iron 
plough  was  introduced  soon  after.  Like  most  other  improvements  in  rustic  machinery,  the  iron  ploughs, 
though  doing  much  superior  work  at  less  than  half  the  expense  of  the  clumsy  wooden  plough  of  that 
date,  came  tardily  into  use.  It  is  said  that  Sir  Robert  Peel,  in  1835,  having  presented  a  farmers'  club 
with  two  iron  ploughs  of  the  best  construction,  found  on  his  next  visit  the  old  ploughs  with  wooden 
mould-boards  again  at  work  ;  "Sir,"  said  a  member,  "we  tried  the  iron,  and  be  all  of  one  mind,  that  they 
made  the  weeds  grow."\  A  similar  prejudice  opposed  the  introduction  of  the  first  cast-iron  plough  in 
America,  patented  in  1797  by  Charles  Newbold,  of  New  Jersey,  who,  after  spending,  as  he  alleges, 
$30,000  in  trying  to  get  it  into  use,  abandoned  the  attempt,  the  farmers  declaring  that  iron  ploughs 
poisoned  the  soil  and  prevented  the  growth  of  crops. 

The  plough  has  received  many  improvements  at  the  hands  of  Americans,  and  has  become  an  article 
of  frequent  exportation,  while  even  in  Great  Britain  the  ploughs  now  used  are  generally  made  after 
American  models.  The  year  1617  is  mentioned  by  an  early  annalist  as  the  "remarkable  period  of  the 
first  introduction  of  the  labor  of  the  plough"  in  Virginia.  In  1625  we  find  the  Dutch  colony  on  the 
Hudson  supplied  with  "all  sorts  of  seeds,  ploughs,  and  agricultural  implements,"  to  which  in  1662  was 
added  a  first-class  wheel-plough,  with  its  pulleys,  &c.,  at  a  cost  of  sixty  florins.  In  1637  the  colony  of 
Massachusetts  contained  but  thirty  ploughs,  and  Connecticut  probably  less  than  one-third  the  number. 
Nevertheless,  the  same  year  a  resident  of  Salem  was  promised  an  addition  of  twenty  acres  to  his 
original  grant  if  he  would  "  set  up  ploughing."  We  involuntarily  think  of  the  steam-plough  when  we 
read  that  another  citizen  of  that  town  in  the  following  year  was  allowed  more  land  because  he  had 
"not  sufficient  ground  to  maintain  a  plough"  on  his  farm  of  300  acres.  Owing  to  the  scarcity  (if 
mechanical  labor,  most  of  the  ploughs  and  other  farm  utensils  were  for  a  long  time  made  on  the  farm, 
with  the  aid  of  the  nearest  smith.  The  casting  of  plough-irons  was  done  at  nearly  every  small  foundry. 
Their  make  was,  of  course,  clumsy  and  inefficient  Among  the  kinds  still  remembered  by  many  was 
the  Gary  plough,  with  clumsy  wrought-iron  share,  wooden  landside  and  standard,  and  wooden  mould-board 

c  McCulloeh's  Statistics  of  BritUh  Empiiu. 
3  f  I'hilps'   History  of  Progress  in  Great  Britain. 


xviii  INTRODUCTION. 

plated  over  with  sheet-iron  or  tin,  and  with  short  upright  handles,  requiring  a  strong  man  to  guide  it. 
The  bar-share  plough  was  another  form  still  remembered  by  many  for  its  rudely  fitted  wooden  mould- 
board  and  coulter,  and  immense  friction  from  the  rough  iron  bar  which  formed  the  landsidc.  The 
Bull-plough  was  similar  in  form,  but  without  a  coulter.  Even  the  shovel-plough,  not  unlike  the  rude 
instrument  still  used  by  the  Chinese,  may  be  remembered  by  some,  and  was  in  common  use  in  the 
cotton  States  a  lew  years  since.  As  early  as  1765  the  London  Society  of  Arts  awarded  a  gold  medal 
to  Benjamin  Gale,  of  KilHngworth,  Connecticut,  for  a  drill-plough,  the  invention  of  which  was  claimed 
by  Benoni  Billiard,  of  the  same  place.  The  first  patent  taken  out  after  the  organization  of  the  United 
States  Patent  Office  was  in  June,  1797,  by  Charles  Newbold,  of  Burlington,  New  Jersey,  for  the  cast- 
iron  plough  already  mentioned,  which  combined  the  mould-board,  share  and  landside,  all  in  one  casting. 
He  afterwards  substituted  wrought-iron  shares,  objections  having  been  made  to  the  cast  iron  probably 
because  not  chill-hardened.  He  did  not  succeed  in  getting  them  into  permanent  favor,  although  cast- 
iron  ploughs  were  advertised  for  sale  in  New  York  in  the  year  1800,  by  Peter  J.  Curtenius,  a  large  iron 
founder  of  the  city.  Newbold  was  paid  one  thousand  dollars  by  David  Peacock,  a  fellow-townsman, 
who,  in  April,  1807,  patented  a  modification  of  the  iron  plough,  having  the  mould-board  and  landside 
cast  separate,  with  a  wrought-iron  steel-edged  share  attached. 

As  early  as  1798  Mr.  Jefferson  also  exercised  his  mechanical  tastes  in  improving  the  mould-board 
of  ploughs,  which  he  afterwards  adapted  to  an  improved  plough  sent  him  by  the  Agricultural  Society  of 
the  Department  of  the  Seine,  in  France.  His  son-in-law,  Mr.  Randolph,  whom  Mr.  Jefferson  thought 
probably  the  best  farmer  in  Virginia,  invented  a  side-hill  plough,  adapted  for  the  hilly  regions  of  that 
State,  and  designed  to  turn  horizontally,  in  the  same  direction,  the  sides  of  steep  hills,  which,  in  northern 
Europe,  was  effected  by  a  shifting  mould-board,  constituting  the  variety  called  turn-wrest  ploughs. 
Colonel  Randolph's  plough  was  made  with  two  wings  welded  to  the  same  bar,  with  their  planes  at  right 
angles  to  each  other,  so  that  by  turning  the  bar,  adjusted  as  an  axis,  either  wing  could  be  laid  flat  on 
the  ground,  while  the  other,  standing  vertically,  served  as  a  mould-board.  Mr.  Jefferson  advocated  an 
adherence  to  scientific  principles  in  the  construction  of  the  plough.  Perhaps  the  first  attempt  to  carry 
out  these  suggestions  was  made  by  Robert  Smith,  of  Pennsylvania,  who,  in  May,  1800,  took  out  the 
first  patent  for  the  mould-board  alone  of  a  plough.  It  was  of  cast  iron,  and  of  improved  form,  the  prin 
ciples  of  which  were  published  by  him.  In  July,  1814,  Jethro  Wood,  of  Scipio,  New  York,  was  granted 
a  patent  for  a  cast-iron  plough  having  the  mould-plate,  share,  and  landside  cast  in  three  parts.  The 
mould-plate  combined  the  mechanical  principles  of  the  wedge  and  screw  in  raising  and  inverting  the 
furrow-slice.  It  became  the  foundation  of  many  patented  improvements  of  later  date,  and  of  a  hand 
some  competence  to  the  inventor,  who,  in  1819,  received  a  second  patent,  which  was  renewed  by  act  of 
Congress  in  1832. 

A  series  of  improvements  in  the  cast-iron  ploughs  was  commenced  about  1810  by  Josiah  Ducher, 
of  New  York,  which  were  patented  in  1822.  Some  of  them  are  still  retained  in  use.  Two  improve 
ments  in  the  cast-iron  plough,  designed  to  make  it  easier  of  draught,  were  covered  by  letters  patent 
issued  in  April,  1821,  to  A  L.  &  E.  A.  Stevens,  of  Hoboken,  New  Jersey.  One  of  these  was  for 
hardening  the  cutting-edges  and  parts  exposed  to  wear  by  cold-chilling  them.  Four  other  patents 
on  the  cast-iron  plough  were  granted  the  same  year.  Much  credit  is  also  due  to  Joel  Nourse,  of  Massa 
chusetts,  and  his  partners,  for  improving  and  perfecting  the  cast-iron  plough,  which  was  comparatively  a 
rude  instrument,  in  limited  demand,  as  late  as  183G,  when  they  commenced  the  manufacture  of  agricul 
tural  implements  at  Worcester.  The  sale  of  twenty  thousand  ploughs  in  a  single  year  by  this  firm, 
within  twenty  years  after  they  commenced  business,  indicated  the  increased  demand  for  ploughs,  which 
they  were  able  to  supply,  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  different  forms  and  sizes.  Among  these  were 
subsoil  ploughs  adapted  to  teams  of  from  one  to  six  horses,  the  first  implement  of  that  kind  in  the  United 
States  having  been  imported  by  them  in  1840  from  Scotland,  and  subsequently  improved  by  making  it 
more  simple,  light,  and  cheap  in  construction.  American  hill-side  ploughs  are  now  exported  to  Great 
Britain.  The  number  of  patents  granted  for  ploughs  previous  to  1830  was  124,  and  up  to  1848  had 
reached  between  three  and  four  hundred. 


INTRODUCTION.  xix 

A  distinctive  feature  in  American  ploughs  is  their  great  simplicity,  lightness  of  draught,  neatness 
and  cheapness,  which  is  often  in  striking  contrast  with  those  of  foreign  make.  This  economy  of  power 
attracted  attention  to  two  ploughs  sent,  in  1815,  to  Robert  Barclay,  of  Bury  Hill,  near  Dorking,  in  Eng 
land,  by  Judge  Peters,  president  of  the  Philadelphia  Society  of  Agriculture,  the  seal  of  which  society,  by 
the  way,  bears  as  a  device  a  representation  of  the  plough  of  the  date  of  1785.  The  ploughs  referred  to 
were  made  by  order  of  Mr.  Peters,  to  combine  the  best  principles  and  forms  of  American  ploughs,  and 
when  tested  in  August  of  that  year  against  the  best  English  ploughs,  were  found  to  do  the  work  quite 
as  well  and  as  easily  with  two  horses  as  the  other  did  with  four.  American  ploughs  obtained  favor 
with  English  farmers  for  substantially  the  same  characteristics,  namely,  "extraordinary  cheapness 
and  lightness  of  draught,"  at  the  trial  of  ploughs  at  Ilounslow  during  the  great  exhibition  in  1851. 

In  the  early  part  of  this  century  the  manufactories  of  ploughs  in  the  United  States  were  few  and 
small  in  size.  It  has  since  become  an  important  branch  of  the  agricultural  implement  business. 
Ploughs  were  made  and  exported  in  considerable  quantity  at  Enfield,  Connecticut,  previous  to  1819. 
One  of  the  largest  establishments  in  this  or  any  country,  devoted  chiefly  to  plough-making,  was  estab 
lished  in  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  in  1829.  In  1836  it  made  by  steam-power  one  hundred  ploughs  daily, 
of  patterns  adapted  largely  for  the  lower  Mississippi,  and  cotton  and  prairie  lands  of  the  south  and  west. 
The  iron-centre  plough,  and  hill-side  revolving  beam-plough,  were  among  the  valuable  modifications 
originated  by  the  concern  which  now  makes  also  the  steel-ploughs  so  valued  in  prairie  fanning.  Another 
steam-plough  factory  in  Pittsburg  made  in  183G  about  4,000  ploughs  annually,  including  wood  and  cast- 
iron  ploughs,  and  a  great  variety  of  other  kinds.  These  two  factories,  together,  made  34,000  ploughs 
yearly,  of  the  value  of  $174,000.  There  are  several  other  extensive  and  numerous  smaller  manufactories 
throughout  the  country,  particularly  in  the  western  States,  in  which  plough-making  is  carried  on  as  a 
specialty.  It  forms,  however,  a  branch  of  the  general  manufacture  of  agricultural  implements.  In 
the  best  conducted  of  these,  machinery  is  extensively  employed,  and  such  a  division  of  labor  as  to 
secure  great  speed  and  perfection  of  workmanship,  as  well  as  a  great  reduction  of  the  cost.  For  each 
size  and  pattern  of  plough,  the  several  parts  subject  to  wear  are  made  all  alike,  so  as  to  fit  any  plough  of 
that  class,  and  allow  it  to  be  readily  replaced  without  the  aid  of  the  plough-right.  Sulky-ploughs,  with  a 
scat  for  the  driver,  and  gang-ploughs,  cutting  several  furrows  at  a  time,  have  been  introduced,  but  have 
not  proved  generally  satisfactory.  Rolling  or  wheel  coulters  have,  in  many  cases,  taken  the  place  of  tin; 
old  standing  coulter.  Many  ploughs  now  have  a  hook  attached  for  turning  the  weeds  under  the  furrow, 
an  important  improvement  for  prairie  farms,  where  weeds,  like  other  vegetation,  are  luxuriant. 

Several  attempts  were  made  in  1858,  and  the  following  years  to  introduce  steam-ploughs,  for  which 
the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  Company  offered  a  premium  of  83,000.  They  have  been  employed  with 
success  for  several  years  in  Great  Britain.  English  steam-ploughs  are  operated  by  stationary  engines 
placed  at  one  side  of  the  field,  and  draw  the  plough  from  one  side  to  the  other  by  means  of  wire-chains. 
At  other  seasons  the  engines  are  used  in  driving  threshing-machines  and  performing  other  farm  labor. 
Our  inventors  have  employed  traction  engines  of  several  tons  weight,  which  on  hard  ground  worked 
satisfactorily,  but  on  cultivated  or  moist  soil  were  found  to  bury  themselves  inextricably  in  the  ground. 
They  appear  to  have  been  abandoned  for  the  present. 

A  more  recent  machine,  which  promises  to  be  a  valuable  one,  is  the  rotary-spader,  which,  with 
the  power  of  four  horses,  spades  the  ground  eight  inches  deep  and  three  feet  wide,  at  the  rate  of  five 
or  six  acres  a  day.  It  is  rather  too  costly  for  small  farms,  but  on  large  ones  may  prove  valuable,  and 
in  time  may  be  adapted  to  steam-power. 

Many  improvements  have  been  made  in  implements  for  cultivating  corn  and  other  hoed  crops, 
among  which  the  horse-hoe  or  cultivator  is  exceedingly  popular,  and  in  corn-growing  districts  has 
nearly  supplied  the  loss  of  manual  labor  by  the  war.  The  importance  of  frequently  stirring  the  soil 
is  becoming  better  understood,  and  in  our  dry  climate  the  effects  of  severe  drought  may  be  almrst 
entirely  obviated  by  the  use  of  the  cultivator  on  rich,  well-prepared  lands. 


xx  INTRODUCTION. 

MOWERS    AND    REAPERS. 

These  implements,  making  so  large  an  item  in  the  manufacture,  deserve  a  brief  notice.  The 
great  breadth  of  land  devoted  to  grain  in  the  western  country  has  rendered  mechanical  appliances 
for  gathering  the  crop  altogether  indispensable  to  the  farmer.  But  contrivances  for  that  purpose  have 
long  been  in  use.  Pliny  the  elder,  in  the  first  century  of  our  era,  gives  us  the  earliest  description  of 
such  an  instrument  in  use  among  the  Gauls.  It  was  a  large  van,  or  cart,  driven  through  the  standing 
corn  by  an  ox  yoked  with  his  head  to  the  machine,  which  was  fitted  with  projecting  teeth  upon  its 
edge  lor  tearing  off  the  heads,  which  dropped  into  the  van.  It  is  supposed  to  have  been  in  use  for 
several  centuries. 

The  earliest  proposal  in  Great  Britain  for  an  implement  for  harvesting  grain  was  made  by  the 
Society  of  Arts  in  1780,  when  it  offered  its  gold  medal  for  a  machine  to  answer  the  purpose  of  mow 
ing  or  reaping  grain,  simplicity  and  cheapness  in  the  construction  to  be  considered  as  the  principal  part 
of  its  merit.  The  premium  was  continued  for  several  years.  William  Pitt,  of  Pendeford,  soon  after 
invented  a  reaping-machine,  suggested  by  the  description  of  Pliny  and  Palladius,  and  described  in 
Young's  Annals  of  Agriculture  for  1787.  A  second  attempt  was  made  in  Lincolnshire,  in  1793,  by 
another  person,  whose  name  does  not  appear.  In  November  of  that  year,  two  men  named  Cartwright, 
each  invented  a  machine  for  mowing  and  reaping.  In  1799  the  first  English  patent  was  taken  out  by 
Joseph  Boyce  for  a  reaping-machine,  acting  on  the  principle  of  the  common  scythe.  In  the  following 
year,  Robert  Mears,  of  Somersetshire,  was  granted  a  patent  fora  reaping-machine  propelled  on  wheels, 
but  worked  by  hand.  In  June,  1805,  Thomas  J.  Plucknett,  of  Kent,  received  a  patent  for  a  reaper 
having  Hie  cut! ing  apparatus  suspended  beneath  and  in  front  of  the  axle,  and  the  power  behind.  He 
took  out  a  second  patent  in  1807.  Mr.  Gladstone,  of  Castle  Douglas,  in  1806  invented  a  machine  with 
horizontal  gathering-wheel,  and  the  next  year  Mr.  Salmon,  in  Bedfordshire,  brought  forward  a  plan  for 
raking  the  corn  off  a  platform  by  means  of  a  vertically-working  rake  driven  by  a  large  crank  in  the 
rear  of  the  machine.  Messrs.  Kerr,  of  Edinburgh,  in  1811  introduced  the  "conical  drum,"  and  in  1815 
Mr.  Scott  employed  rakes  with  a  cylindrical  drum,  and  projecting  teeth,  &c.  In  1822,  Mr.  Ogle,  of 
Alnwich,  invented  the  large  reel  or  rake  for  lashing  the  uncut  grain  towards  the  knife,  as  is  now  done 
in  some  English  and  American  reapers.  Some  others  were  brought  forward  previous  to  182G,  in 
which  year  the  Rev.  Patrick  Bell,  of  Scotland,  produced  the  oldest  machine  now  known  to  be  in  use, 
having  a  revolving  apron  or  endless  web  for  gathering,  accompanied  by  Ogle's  reel  in  front,  which 
attracted  little  attention,  however,  until  after  the  London  exhibition  in  1851,  when  he  adopted 
McCormick's  cutting  apparatus ;  since  which  it  has  been  used  to  some  extent.  From  the  closing 
of  the  fair  in  1851,  to  the  end  of  1852,  no  less  than  twenty-eight  patents  were  registered  in 
England  ior  inventions  relating  wholly  or  in  part  to  reaping  and  mowing  machines.  Patents 
had  been  previously  granted  for  this  class  of  machines  in  Russia  in  1831,  in  Austria  in  1839, 
and  in  Australia  in  1845.  The  last  mentioned,  introduced  at  Adelaide,  South  Australia,  by  Mr.  Ridley, 
reaped,  threshed,  and  winnowed  all  at  the  same  time,  at  the  rate  of  an  acre  per  hour;  but  its  descrip 
tion  conforms  very  nearly  to  one  patented  by  D.  A.  Church,  of  Friendship,  New  York,  in  1841. 
Whether  from  intricacy  of  construction,  or  other  inherent  defect,  or,  as  seems  more  probable,  from 
indifference  on  the  part  of  the  public,  none  of  these  instruments  came  into  permanent  use,  although 
they  provoked  the  opposition  of  agricultural  laborers. 

The  first  American  patent  for  cutting  grain  was  issued  in  May,  1803,  to  Richard  French  and  J. 
T.  Hawkins,  of  New  Jersey.  Their  machine  was  propelled  on  three  wheels,  one  of  which  extended 
into  the  grain.  Samuel  Adams,  of  the  same  State,  followed  in  1805;  J.  Comfort,  of  Bucks  county, 
Pennsylvania,  and  William  P.  Claiborne,  of  King  William  county,  Virginia,  in  1811;  Peter  Gaillard,  of 
Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  in  1812,  and  Peter  Baker,  of  Long  Island,  New  York,  in  1814.  The  next 
was  the  machine  of  Jer.  Bailey,  of  Chester  county,  Pennsylvania,  patented  in  February,  1822,  which 
was  a  rotary  mowing-machine,  having  six  scythes  attached  to  a  shaft.  Four  other  patents  were  rt-gis- 


INTRODUCTION.  xxi 

tcrcd  previous  to  1828,  when  Samuel  Lane,  of  Hallowell,  Maine,  patented  a  machine  for  cutting, 
gathering,  and  threshing  grain  all  at  one  operation.  It  does  not  appear,  however,  to  have  been 
successful.  Only  one  other  machine,  that  of  William  Manning,  of  Plainfield,  New  Jersey,  registered 
in  1831,  and  having  several  points  of  resemblance  to  some  now  in  use,  was  patented  previous  to  that 
of  Obed  Ilusscy,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  December,  1833.  The  first  public  trial  with  this  instrument 
was  made  before  the  Hamilton  County  Agricultural  Society,  near  Cartilage,  July  2,  of  that  year. 
During  the  next  it  was  introduced  into  Illinois  and  New  York;  in  1835  into  Missouri;  in  1837  into 
Pennsylvania;  and  in  1838  the  inventor  established  his  manufactory  at  Baltimore.  In  June,  1834, 
Cyrus  II.  McCormick,  of  Rockbridge  county,  Virginia,  received  his  first  patent  for  cutting  grain  of  all 
kinds,  by  machinery,  which  was  worked  in  1831,  improved  since,  proving  a  source  of  large  profit  to  the 
proprietor,  as  well  as  a  great  boon  to  this  country  and  foreign  lands.  From  that  time  to  the  present 
nearly  every  year  has  produced  one  or  more  modifications  of  harvesting-machinery,  among  which  may 
be  mentioned  that  of  Moore  &  Ilaskcll,  of  Michigan,  patented  in  June,  1836,  which  cuts,  threshes,  and 
winnows  grain  at  the  same  time.  From  the  date  of  this  patent  to  the  issue  of  McCormick's  second 
patent,  in  1845,  fifteen  other  machines  were  registered,  including  that  of  W.  F.  Ketchum,  of  New 
York,  in  1844,  which  has  since  obtained  a  high  reputation.  Since  1851,  the  new  machines  brought 
forward  have  been  numerous.  In  June,  1852,  twelve  different  reaping-machines  and  several  mowers 
were  entered  for  trial  before  the  Ohio  State  Board  as  contestants  for  the  premium,  all  of  them — 
including  McCormick's  and  Husscy's — possessing  nearly  equal  merits. 

The  United  States  Agricultural  Society,  in  1857,  instituted  an  elaborate  trial  of  reapers,  mowers, 
and  implements,  which  took  place  at  Syracuse,  New  York,  in  July  of  that  year,  when  fifteen  mowing- 
machines,  nine  reapers,  and  fourteen  combined  mowing  and  reaping  machines  were  entered.  Medals 
and  diplomas  were  awarded  to  several.  Among  those  entered  were  Pell's,  Manny's,  Haines's  (Illinois 
Harvester,)  W.  A.  Woods's,  (J.  II.  Manny's  improved,)  Seymour  &  Morgan's,  Bun-all's,  Warder,  Brokaw  & 
Childs's,  Atkins's,  (automaton  self-raker,)  Moore  &  Patch's,  and  C.  H.  McCormick's,  for  reaping  alone. 
Mowing-machines  were  entered  by  several  of  the  same  inventors,  and  also  by  Heath,  Ketchum,  Ball, 
Aultman  &  Miller,  Hallenbeck,  Kirby,  Ilov^ey,  Allen,  and  Newcomb,  and  combined  machines  by  some 
of  the  same  parties,  and  by  A.  H.  Caryl,  Obed  Ilussey,  J.  II.  Wright,  and  Dietz  and  Dunham. 

The  whole  number  of  harvesting-machines  produced  in  England  and  the  United  States  up  to  that 
time  amounted  to  160  different  kinds,  about  100  of  which  were  American;  and  in  October,  1854,  it 
had  reached  about  200. 

The  progress  of  ideas,  or  the  different  channels  in  which  they  have  run  in  regard  to  the  mode  of 
action  of  the  cutters  of  reaping-machines,  has  been  shown  by  Bennett  Woodcraft,  esq.,  of  England,  in 
a  patent  office  publication  containing  illustrations  of  sixty-nine  examples  of  reapers,  including  nine 
American  machines.  In  thirty-one  of  the  number  the  motion  of  the  knives  was  rectilinear,  and  in 
thirty-three  it  was  circular,  while  in  five  the  knives  were  moved  by  hand.  Previous  to  the  introduc 
tion  of  American  reapers,  the  tendency  in  England  was  toward  a  circular  action  of  the  cutters;  since 
that  time  reciprocating  motion  has  been  more  employed.  Although  reciprocating  and  rectilineal- 
motion  was  used  by  Salmon,  in  1807,  only  two  of  the  English  machines  introduced  previous  to  1862, 
viz:  Ogle's  and  Bell's,  were  examples  of  that  kind  of  motion,  and  three  American,  namely,  Manning's, 
Ilussey's,  and  McCormick's,  while  there  were  twenty-one  of  the  other  kind.  Of  later  examples  there 
were  seventeen  with  reciprocating  motion,  to  eleven  \viih  circular. 

Diversities  have  also  existed  as  to  the  mode  of  gearing  the  horse.  Pitt's,  Boyce's,  Plucknett's, 
and  Gladstone's  machines  were  drawn  behind  the  horses;  Salmon's,  Kerr's,  Ilarke's,  and  other  early 
English  machines,  were  pushed  before  the  horses,  after  the  manner  of  the  Romans  and  Gauls.  In 
America  both  plans  have  been  used,  but  since  1833  they  have  usually  been  placed  behind  the  horses. 
By  recently  proposed  improvements,  horse-power  harvesting-machines  with  lour  horses  will  cut  twenty 
acres  of  grain  in  a  day,  at  a  net  cost — including  eight  dollars  tor  the  use  of  the  machine-,  a  driver,  two 
binders,  and  two  hands  to  shock  up — of  ninety  cents  an  acre,  which  harvested  by  hand  would  cost 


xxii  INTRODUCTION. 

$1  90  per  acre.  The  binding  is  now  done  with  wire  on  the  large  grain-fields  of  the  west,  and 
a  machine  has  lately  been  invented  for  performing  that  part  of  the  labor.  There  can  be  little  doubt 
that  we  shall  soon  have  machines  that  will  cut,  gather,  and  bind  up  the  grain  at  one  operation. 
American  reaping  and  mowing  machines  have  now  been  introduced  into  every  civilized  country.  Their 
usefulness  has  been  universally  acknowledged.  In  our  own  land,  where  labor  is  so  high,  and  the  season 
so  short,  they  are  indispensable.  In  many  sections  the  labors  of  sowing  arid  planting  the  spring  crops 
are  quickly  followed  by  haying  and  harvesting.  Corn,  beans,  potatoes,  and  other  crops  require  the  use 
of  the  hoe  and  cultivator.  Summer  fallows,  for  wheat  claim  attention  at  this  time;  and  no  sooner  is 
the  labor  of  harvesting  over,  than  the  American  farmer  is  under  the  necessity  of  sowing  his  winter 
wheat,  which  in  the  northern  and  western  States  is  sown  from  one  to  two  months  earlier  than  in 
England. 

The  nature  of  our  climate,  the  character  of  our  crops,  the  scarcity  of  labor,  and  the  extent  of  our 
agricultural  operations,  all  conspire  to  increase  the  introduction  and  use  of  these  and  all  other  imple 
ments  and  machines  that  will  expedite  the  labors  of  the  farm. 

It  is  difficult  to  conceive  that  American  agriculture  could  have  attained  its  present  condition  had  the 
invention  of  reaping  and  mowing  machines  been  delayed  thirty  years.  The  extent  to  which  they 
are  already  used  is  enormous. 

The  editor  of  the  Genesee  Farmer,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  has  collected  directly  from  the  manufac 
turers  the  following  statistics  of  the  number  of  reaping  and  mowing  machines  made  by  a  few  of  the 
leading  firms  engaged  in  this  important  branch  subsequent  to  the  returns  of  the  census  in  1860. 

C.  Aultman  &  Co.,  Canton,  Ohio,  made  last  year  (1863)  3.100  "Buckeye"  mowing  and  reaping 
machines,  and  this  year  (1864)  6,000  of  the  same  machines. 

Bomberger,  Wight  &  Co.,  of  Dayton,  Ohio,  have  made  1,250  "Ohio  Chief"  reapers;  and  Rufus 
Dulton,  who  formerly  manufactured  the  same  machine,  has  made  3,156,  making  4,306  in  all. 

Of  the  "Manny"  reaping  and  mowing  machine  there  have  been  manufactured  in  the  State  of  Illi 
nois,  up  to  1863,  about  forty  thousand.  In  1864  there  have  been  made  of  the  same  machines  in 
Rockford,  Illinois,  10,500. 

Messrs.  Ad  nance,  Platt  &  Co.,  of  Poughkeepsie,  New  York,  have  also  made  2,500  "Manny" 
machines  for  the  New  England  States.  The  same  parties  have  also  manufactured  1,100  "  Buckeye  " 
machines  for  the  New  England  States,  New  Jersey,  &c. 

S.  M.  Osborne  &  Co.,  of  Auburn.  New  York,  have  made  15,000  of  "Kirby's"  mower  and  reaper. 
The  Buffalo  Agricultural  Machine  Works  have  also  made  7,000,  and  other  parties  have  made  5,000, 
making  27,000  of  these  machines  that  have  been  manufactured  in  the  United  States. 

Messrs.  Seymour,  Morgan  &  Allen,  of  Brockport,  New  York,  have  made  7,200  of  their  "New 
Yorker"  and  other  machines.  Messrs.  AYarder  &  Childs,  of  Springfield,  Ohio,  also  manufacture  the 
same  machine,  and  have  made  about  9,000. 

The  Messrs.  McCormick  Brothers  have  manufactured  at  their  establishment  in  Chicago  over 
55,000  of  their  celebrated  reaper — 6000  in  1864. 

The  establishment  of  Mr.  R.  L.  Howard,  of  Buffalo,  New  York,  has  manufactured  20,000  of  the 
"  Ketchum  "  mowing-machines,  and  5,000  reapers  and  mowers  combined,  and  3,500  of  the  "  Howard 
harvesters." 

Mr.  Walter  A.  Wood,  of  Hoosick  Falls,  New  York,  has  made  over  30,000  reaping  and  mowing 
machines.  In  1858  Mr.  Wood  sent  an  agent  to  England  with  fifty;  the  next  year  he  sent  two  hun 
dred  and  fifty  machines,  and  since  then  his  sales  in  great  Britain  and  on  the  continent  of  Europe  have 
averaged  over  1,000  per  annum. 

It  thus  appears  that  the  manufacturers  we  have  named  have  made  two  hundred  and  fourteen 
thousand  and  ninety-four  mowers  and  reapers. 

We  present  these  facts,  obtained  directly  from  the  manufacturers,  that  our  readers  may  form  some 
idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  reaper  and  mower  business.  There  are  other  machines  manufactured  of 


INTRODUCTION.  xxiii 

which  wo  have  not  ascertained  the  number,  but  we  may  safely  conclude  that  there  have  been  two  hun 
dred  and  fifty  thousand  reaping  and  mowing  machines  manufactured  and  in  use  in  the  United  States; 
the  importance  of  which  may  be  estimated,  when  it  is  considered  that  a  common  reaper  will  cut  from 
ten  to  twelve  acres  in  a  day  of  twelve  hours,  and  a  mower  eight  to  ten  acres  in  the  same  time. 

Another  valuable  implement  for  facilitating  harvesting  operations  is  the  hay-unloading  fork,  with 
which,  by  the  aid  of  a  horse,  a  load  of  Jiay  can  be  elevated  to  the  stack  or  mow  in  a  few  minutes. 
Several  varieties  of  these  useful  little  machines  are  manufactured,  and  tens  of  thousands  are  already  in 
successful  use. 

The  wooden  revolving  hay-rake,  (invented  by  Moses  Pennock,  of  Pennsylvania,  in  1824,  and  now 
well  known  in  all  parts  of  the  country,)  also  greatly  lessens  the  labor  of  haying.  Fine  steel-toothed 
rakes  leave  less  hay  on  the  ground,  but  for  general  use  on  American  farms  this  wooden  revolving  hay- 
rake  is  one  of  the  most  simple,  useful,  and  efficient  machines  yet  invented.  On  large  farms,  the  sulky 
wire-tooth  rake  is  fast  superseding  all  others.  They  throw  the  windrow  into  heaps  or  bundles  of 
eighty  or  one  hundred  pounds  each,  ready  for  cocking  or  loading.  A  boy  and  horse  can  thus  rake  and 
bunch  twenty  acres  a  day.  The  hay-fork,  or  patent  pitch-fork,  is  another  recent  improvement  of  value. 

For  THRESHING  AND  CLEANING  GRAIN,  we  have  machines  which  are  confessedly  unsurpassed.  In 
our  preliminary  report  we  gave  an  outline  of  the  progress  of  invention  in  this  class  of  implements. 

Nearly  all  threshing-machines  now  in  use  have  an  apparatus  for  separating  the  grain  from  the 
straw  and  chaff,  and  carrying  the  straw  up  on  to  the  stack.  This  simple  apparatus  is  now  so  common 
that  it  attracts  no  notice,  except  from  the  English  or  continental  visitor,  to  whom  it  is  a  novelty.  Many 
machines  have  also  an  apparatus  for  bagging  the  grain  when  clean. 

The  English  threshing-machines,  especially  those  drawn  by  steam,  have  a  much  more  finished 
appearance,  but  for  simplicity  and  efficiency  they  are  in  no  way  superior  to  those  of  American  manu 
facture.  In  fact,  wherever  the  American  threshing-machines  have  come  into  direct  competition  with 
those  of  British  and  European  construction,  the  American  machines  have  proved  superior. 

S  0  Y  T II E  S . 

Although  the  genius  of  modern  improvement  promises  ere  long  to  rob  haymaking  of  one  element 
of  the  picturesque,  it  has  not  yet  wholly  succeeded  in  banishing  the  hand-scythe  and  mower  from 
modern  scenery.  Tedious  and  laborious  as  its  use  appears,  compared  with  that  of  the  mowing-machine, 
it  is  wonderfully  effective  in  comparison  with  the  rude  practice  of  the  Mexican  of  our  day,  who  cuts 
his  grain  and  hay  by  handfulls  with  a  common  knife.  It  may  not  be  generally  known  that  the  most 
valuable  improvement  made  upon  this  implement  for  centuries  was  by  one  of  the  first  iron- workers  of 
Massachusetts,  more  than  two  hundred  years  ago,  in  the  very  infancy  of  the  colony.  In  the  year  164G 
the  general  assembly  of  that  province  granted  to  Joseph  Jenckes,  of  Lynn,  a  native  of  Hammersmith, 
in  England,  and  connected  with  the  first  iron-works  in  that  colony,  the  exclusive  privilege  for  fourteen 
years  "to  make  experience  of  his  abillitycs  and  inventions  for  making,"  among  other  things,  of  "mills 
for  the  making  of  sithes  and  other  cdge-tooles."  His  patent  "  for  ye  more  speedy  cutting  of  grasse  " 
was  renewed  for  seven  years  in  May,  1655.  The  improvement  consisted  in  making  the  blade  longer 
and  thinner,  and  in  strengthening  it  at  the  same  time,  by  welding  a  square  bar  of  iron  to  the  back,  as 
in  the  modern  scythe,  thus  materially  improving  upon  the  old  English  scythe  then  in  use,  which  was 
short,  thick,  and  heavy,  like  a  bush-scythe.* 

The  introduction  of  the  scythe  and  axe  manufacture  into  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  and  Rhode 
Island,  is  to  be  in  a  great  measure  ascribed  to  Hugh  Orr,  a  Scotchman  by  birth,  who  came  to  Massa 
chusetts  about  1737,  and  a  year  or  two  after  erected  at  Bridgcwater  the  first  trip-hammer  probably  in 
the  colony.  He  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  scythes  and  other  edge-tools,  in  which  he  acquired  a 
wide  reputation.  His  son,  Robert  Orr,  by  successful  experiments,  established  the  improved  manufac- 

°  Bishop's  History  of  American  Manufactures,  vol.  I,  pp.  476,  477. 


xxiv  INTRODUCTION. 

turc  of  scythes  by  the  trip-hammer,  and  also  introduced  the  iron  shovel  manufacture  into  the  State. 
As  early  as  1766,  samples  of  home-made  scythes,  shovels,  spades,  hoes,  &c.,  were  laid  before  the 
Society  of  Arts,  in  New  York,  and  approved.  They  were  probably  from  the  manufactory  of  Keen  & 
Payson,  of  that  neighborhood,  whose  improved  scythes,  often  called  Salem  scythes,  then  claimed  to  be 
superior  in  quality  and  form  to  any  others.  The  non-importation  and  non-intercourse  of  the  revolu 
tionary  period,  and  during  the  last  war  with  England,  encouraged  the  domestic  manufacture  of  scythes 
and  other  articles  of  hardware,  which,  before  the  end  of  the  last  century,  were  made  in  different  parts 
of  New  England  in  considerable  quantity.  Scythes  were  made  in  Plymouth  county,  Massachusetts, 
and  to  the  number  of  two  or  three  hundred  dozens  annually,  at  Canton,  in  Norfolk  county,  and  also  at 
Sutton,  in  Worcester  county,  which  town  had  in  1793  seven  trip-hammers  and  five  scythe  and  axe 
factories.  In  1810  there  were  nine  factories  in  Sutton,  and  two  in  Oxford,  and  in  1814  seven  others 
had  been  erected  in  the  county,  some  of  which  could  make  1,000  dozens  annually.  Scythes  were  at 
the  same  time  made  in  Boston,  and  in  1803  the  manufacture  was  commenced  at  Orange,  by  Levi 
Thurston,  who  employed  in  it  the  first  tilt-hammer  in  the  town.  A  few  years  later  there  were  two 
scythe  factories  at  Colcbrook,  in  Litchfield  county,  Connecticut,  which  county  in  1820  returned  the 
largest  manufacture  of  scythes  of  any  in  the  Union.  At  Southfield,  Rhode  Island,  large  numbers  of 
scythes  were  made  at  that  time  for  exportation.  As  early  as  1812,  the  scythe  factory  of  S.  &  A. 
Waters,  at  Amsterdam,  in  Montgomery  county,  New  York,  turned  out  about  6,000  scythes  annually. 
They  were  made  at  many  small  establishments  throughout  the  Union,  along  with  axes,  sickles,  and 
other  edge-tools  and  cutlery,  shovels,  &c.,  by  the  aid  of  the  trip-hammer,  and  were  in  good  demand. 
The  price  in  1820  ranged  from  twelve  dollars  to  eighteen  dollars  per  dozen. 

About  the  latter  date  was  commenced,  at  West  Fitchburg,  Massachusetts,  one  of  the  oldest  scythe 
factories  now  in  the  country,  then  owned  by  F.  T.  Farwell  &  Co.,  which  in  the  hands  of  its  original 
and  later  proprietors  has  originated  many  improvements  in  the  manufacture,  and  given  reputation  to 
its  well-known  brand.  At  a  later  period,  Harris's  scythes,  extensively  manufactured  at  Pine  Plains,  in 
Dutchcss  county,  New  York,  obtained  a  high  repute,  and  are  said  to  have  been  counterfeited  in  Eng 
land.  The  mammoth  scythe  factory  of  R.  13.  Dunn,  at  North  Wayne,  in  Maine,  was  a  few  years 
ago  considered  the  largest  in  the  world.  In  1849  it  turned  out  12,000  dozens,  requiring  450,000 
pounds  of  iron,  75,000  pounds  of  steel,  1,200  tons  of  hard  coal,  10,000  bushels  of  charcoal,  100  tons 
of  grindstones,  and  half  a  ton  of  borax.  About  the  same  time,  the  scythe  and  cast-steel  fork  manu 
factory  of  D.  Gr.  Millard,  near  the  village  of  Clayville,  New  York,  made  about  13,000  dozens  of  scythes 
and  forks  annually,  by  water-power.  In  1860  Massachusetts  was  the  largest  producer  of  scythes, 
returning  8168,550  as  the  aggregate  value  of  the  product  often  establishments.  Maine  ranked  second 
in  the  value  of  its  scythe  manufacture — 8129,363  by  three  factories.  In  New  York,  four  establish 
ments  turned  out  scythes  worth  8117,440,  and  one  factory  in  Rhode  Island  employed  100  hands, 
producing  to  the  value  of  8100,000.  The  total  value  of  scythes  made  in  1860  was  8552,753,  which 
was  the  product  of  twenty-two  factories  and  474  hands. 

SHOVELS,  SPADES,  HOES,  AND  FORKS. 

These  articles,  intimately  but  not  all  so  directly  connected  as  the  foregoing  with  agriculture,  in 
1860  gave  employment,  in  five  States,  to  forty-three  establishments,  the  value  of  whose  manufacture 
was  81,452,226.  The  hands  engaged  in  them  numbered  1,015.  Upward  of  one-half  the  whole  value 
was  made  in  eleven  factories  in  Massachusetts,  which,  together,  employed  578  workmen,  and  produced 
an  annual  value  of  8777,048,  being  relatively  much  the  largest  concerns  in  the  country.  In  New 
York  there  were  twenty-three  manufactories,  whose  product  was  8307,428,  and  the  number  of  hands 
employed  233.  Six  factories  in  Pennsylvania  employed  177  men,  and  produced  wares  to  the  value  of 
$312,450. 


INTRODUCTION.  xxv 

The  manufacture  of  these  articles  has  long  been  an  established  industry  in  Massachusetts  and 
some  other  States,  having  been  commenced  before  the  Revolution.  The  shovel  manufacture  was  suc 
cessfully  introduced  at  an  early  period  at  Easton  and  Bridgewater,  in  Massachusetts,  where  the  Messrs. 
Orr,  before  mentioned,  were  instrumental  in  establishing  it  by  the  use  of  the  tilt-hammer.  In  1788 
the  iron-plate  shovels  made  at  Bridgewater  were  deemed  superior  in  workmanship  to  the  foreign  article 
which  they  undersold.  The  Easton  shovel  manufactory — commenced  on  a  small  scale  nearly  sixty 
years  ago  by  the  late  Oliver  Ames — made  in  1822  about  2,500  dozen  annually.  The  proprietor  in 
1827  took  out  a  patent  for  improvements  in  the  manufacture,  which  contributed  to  give  his  wares  a. 
high  reputation,  and  greatly  to  extend  and  perfect  the  business  of  his  establishment  In  1835,  Oliver 
Ames  &  Sons  had  large  manufactories  at  Easton,  Braintree,  and  West  Bridgewater,  which  employed 
nine  tilt-hammers,  and  were  capable  of  making  forty  dozen  spades  and  shovels  per  diem,  each  shovel 
passing  through  the  hands  of  twenty  different  workmen.  They  now  run  twenty-six  tilt-hammers, 
and  produce  two  hundred  and  fifty  dozen  per  diem  In  1822  three  factories  in  Plymouth  county, 
Massachusetts,  made  from  one  to  two  thousand  dozens  each  per  annum.  In  1831,  it  was  estimated 
that  about  5,000  dozens  of  shovels,  worth  835,000,  were  made  in  New  York  State  annually.  It  was 
computed  that  Litchfield  county,  Connecticut,  at  the  same  date  made  shovels  and  spades  to  the  value 
of  86,500,  hoes  worth  87,150,  pitchforks  to  the  value  of  820,000,  and  scythes  valued  at  856,000.  A 
steel  shovel  and  spade  factory  in  Philadelphia  consumed  annually  about  fifty  tons  of  American  steel. 
The  sheet-iron  shovel  was  patented  in  1819,  and  cast-steel  shovels  in  1828.  The  first  American 
patent  for.  improvement  in  hoes  was  registered  in  1819,  and  for  cast-steel  hoes  in  1827,  by  C.  Bulkley, 
of  Colchester,  Connecticut.  But  cast-steel  hoes  were  made  in  Philadelphia  by  at  least  two  manufac 
turers  in  1823.  In  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  where  scythes,  sickles,  hoes,  shovels,  and  other  hardware 
was  made  in  considerable  amount  previous  to  1803,  Messrs.  Foster  &  Murray  carried  on  the  manufacture 
by  steam-power  in  1813.  On  account  of  the  fall  in  the  price  of  iron  and  steel,  superior  steel  hoes  were 
made  in  Pittsburg  in  1831  for  about  84  50  per  dozen,  or  one-half  the  price  of  iron  hoes  ten  years 
before.  Socket-shovels  were  made  at  nearly  the  same  price,  which  was  about  one-third  their  former 
price.  Two  large  establishments  in  that  place  in  1836  made  annually  about  1,600  dozen  steel  hoes, 
fSUOO,  dozen  of  shovels  and  spades,  950  dozen  steel  and  other  hay  and  manure  forks,  and  600  dozen  saws. 
.Four  establishments  in  1857,  in  addition  to  nearly  half  a  million  dollars'  worth  of  axes,  made  32,000 
dozen  of  hoes,  worth  8208,000,  and  11,000  dozen  of  planters'  hoes,  worth  894,000,  besides  picks,  mattocks, 
vices,  saws,  &c.  The  Globe  Sickle  Factory,  in  the  same  place,  produced  a  superior  article  of, sickles  to 
a  greater  value  than  all  the  other  factories  in  the  United  States.  The  Steel  spring  pitchfork  was  intro 
duced  by  the  late  Charles  Goodyear,  by  whom  it  was  patented  in  September,  1831,  at  which  time,  and 
for  several  years  previous,  he  was  engaged  with  his  father,  Amasa  Goodyear,  in  the  manufacture  and  sale 
of  hay  and  manure  forks,  and  other  hardware.  Their  store  in  Philadelphia  is  believed  to  have  been 
the  first  in  the  United  States  for  the  sale  of  American  hardware  exclusively;  but  the  failure  of  the  busi 
ness  during  the  commercial  troubles  of  that  period  led  the  junior  Goodyear  to  abandon  it  for  the  new 
manufacture  of  India-rubber  goods,  with  which  his  name  will  be  ever  associated  in  the  annals  of  industry. 

A  firm  in  Philadelphia  now  manufactures  eyeless  or  solid  axes,  hoes,  picks,  shovels,  &c.  The 
instrument  is  made  solid,  while  the  handle  with  which  it  is  to  be  worked  has  upon  the  end  an  iron  socket 
through  which  the  pick,  &c.,  is  put,  and  kept  in  its  place  by  an  iron  wedge.  The  handle  does  not 
become  loose,  and  will  answer  for  any  number  of  tools  of  the  same  size,  and  the  blow  is  rendered  more 
etfectual.  Many  of  these  tools  have  been  exported  to  California,  where  they  are  prized  by  the  miners. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  our  agricultural  tools,  such  as  hoes,  forks,  rakes,  &c.,  are  in  most 
respects  superior  to  those  in  common  use  in  Europe.  An  English  gentleman,  who  has  spent  some 
time  in  this  country,  says:  "For  lightness  and  finish,  combined  with  strength  and  durability,  American 
forks  and  hoes  are  superior  to  all  others." 

Dr.  Hoyt,  alluding  to  the  great  international  exhibition  in  London,  in  1861,  says:  "Among  the 
minor  implements  of  agriculture,  we  were  both  surprised  and  gratified  to  find  a  collection  of  American 
4 


xxvi  INTRODUCTION. 

forks  and  hoes.  The  exhibitor  was  a  sensible  English  dealer,  who,  discovering  the  superiority  of  this 
class  of  American  implements  as  compared  with  articles  of  the  same  description  manufactured  in  his  own 
country,  has  for  years  been  importing  and  selling  them  to  his  customers-  On  being  asked  why  English 
manufacturers  did  not  make  them,  he  replied:  'We  can't  do  it;  have  been  trying  ever  since  the  great 
exhibition  of  1851,  but  somehow  don't  succeed.  It  is  a  mortifying  admission  to  make,  but  it  is 
nevertheless  true,  that  you  Yankees  have  a  knack  of  doing  some  things  which  we  have  not  the  skill  to 
imitate.' " 

COTTON-GINS. 

Although  cotton-gins  are  made  by  a  few  establishments  in  the  northern  States,  their  manufacture 
is  principally  a  southern  one,  and  amounted  in  1860  to  the  value  of  $1,077,315,  which  was  the  product 
of  fifty-five  establishments,  all  but  three  of  them  southern.  Alabama  is  the  largest  manufacturer  of 
machinery  for  cleaning  cotton,  having  sixteen  factories,  employing  178  hands,  and  producing  gins  to  the 
value  of  $434,805.  Georgia  ranks  next,  having  twelve  establishments,  whose  product  exceeded  a 
quarter  of  a  million.  The  manufactories  of  cotton-gins  in  Mississippi  are  relatively  the  largest,  three 
factories  employing  seventy  hands,  and  returning  an  aggregate  product  of  $131,900.  In  Texas,  where 
the  first  cotton-gin  was  erected  about  1823,  there  are  four  manufactories  of  gins.  Many  of  these 
machines  are  made  in  northern  machine-shops,  along  with  other  cotton  machinery,  from  which  they 
are  inseparable  in  the  general  estimate  of  value. 

The  history  of  the  cotton-gin  furnishes  one  of  the  most  remarkable  examples  on  record  of  the 
power  of  a  single  labor-saving  machine  to  influence  the  social  and  industrial  interests,  not  merely  of  a 
single  nation,  but  in  a  great  measure  of  the  civilized  world.  The  simple  mechanism  of  the  saw-gin 
invented  by  Whitney  enabled  one  farm-hand  to  separate  the  seed  from  300  pounds  of  cotton  fibre  in  a 
day,  instead  of  one  pound,  as  he  had  been  able  to  do  by  hand.  Its  introduction  at  the  particular  period 
when  the  completion  of  the  brilliant  series  of  inventions  for  carding,  spinning,  and  weaving  cotton  had 
created  a  demand  for  the  raw  material,  at  once  directed  into  a  new  and  profitable  channel  the  agricul 
ture  of  the  south,  and  at  the  same  time  furnished  the  manufacturing  industry  of  Europe  and  America 
with  one  of  the  most  valuable  staples,  and  the  shipping  and  commercial  interests  of  the  world  with  an 
enormous  trade  in  its  raw  and  manufactured  products.  The  increase  in  the  growth  and  exportation  of 
raw  cotton  which  followed  has  no  parallel  in  the  annals  of  industry,  save  in  the  wonderful  develop 
ment  of  its  manufacture  in  England  and  the  United  States.  The  effects  of  this  growth  of  the 
husbandry  and  manufacture  of  cotton  in  increasing  national  wealth,  in  furnishing  employment  to  labor 
and  capital,  and  in  increasing  the  comfort  of  all  classes,  can  scarcely  be  conceived  in  all  its  magnitude. 

In  1792,  the  year  preceding  the  introduction  of  the  saw-gin,  the  amount  of  cotton  exported  from 
the  United  States  was  only  138,328  pounds,  and  the  total  domestic  consumption  was  about  five  and  a 
half  millions  of  pounds.  During  the  next  year  there  were  exported  nearly  half  a  million  pounds  ;  in 
1794,  1,601,700  pounds;  in  1795,  5,276,300  pounds;  and  in  1800,  17,789,803  pounds.*  In  1860  the 
production  of  ginned  cotton  in  the  southern  States  amounted  to  5,198,077  bales  of  400  pounds  each, 
or  2,079,230,800  pounds,  which  was  more  than  seven-eighths  of  the  total  production  of  cotton  through 
out  the  world.  The  quantity  exported  in  that  year  was  1,765,115,735  pounds,  equivalent  to  4,412,789 
bales  of  400  pounds  each.  To  prepare  this  large  amount  of  cotton  for  market  by  the  primitive  methods 
would  have  been  utterly  impracticable.  Not  only  is  the  labor  of  the  planter  facilitated  and  cheapened 
by  the  use  of  the  machine,  but  the  cotton  is  much  better  cleaned  than  by  the  old  methods,  which  left 
it  unsuitable  for  the  finer  fabrics. 

Although  the  earliest  mode  of  separating  cotton  from  the  seed,  and  the  one  chiefly  practiced  in  the 
cotton  States  previous  to  the  invention  of  the  saw-gin,  was  to  separate  the  seed  with  the  fingers ;  yet 

mechanical  contrivances  for  that  purpose  have  been  long  in  use,  having  been  chiefly  borrowed  from 

» 

o  Woodbiiry'a  Treasury  Report,    1835-'36. 


INTRODUCTION.  xxvii 

India,  the  cradle  of  the  cotton  culture  and  manufacture.  In  that  country  the  practice  of  beating  out 
the  seed  was  long  in  use.  A  more  effectual  modification  of  the  same  method,  employed  for  centuries 
in  eastern  countries,  and  very  early  introduced  into  Georgia,  which  took  the  lead  in  cotton  husbandry, 
was  the  bow-string  operation.  It  consisted  in  the  employment  of  a  long  bow  fitted  with  a  multitude 
of  strings,  which  being  vibrated  by  the  blows  of  a  wooden  mallet  while  in  contact  with  a  bunch  of 
cotton,  shook  the  seed  and  dust  from  the  mass.  Hence  upland  or  short  staple  cotton  became  known 
in  commerce  as  "  bowed  cotton."  A  form  of  the  roller-gin  appears  also  to  have  been  used  in  India  in 
early  times,  as  mentioned  by  Nearchus,  and  consisted  of  two  rollers  of  teak-wood  fluted  longitudinally, 
and  revolving  nearly  in  contact.  In  1728  we  find  mention  of  "little  machines,  which  being  played  by 
the  motion  of  a  wheel,  the  cotton  falls  on  one  side,  and  the  seed  on  the  other,  and  thus  they  are 
separated." 

About  the  year  1742,  M.  Dubrcuil,  a  wealthy  planter  of  New  Orleans,  invented  a  cotton-gin  which 
was  so  far  successful  as  to  give  quite  an  impulse  to  the  cotton  culture  ill  Louisiana,  but  nearly  forty 
years  later  the  colonial  authorities  in  Paris  recommended  the  importation  of  machinery  from  India  for 
cleaning  the  seed. 

Early  in  the  Revolution,  Kinzey  Borden,  of  St.  Paul's  Parish,  South  Carolina,  constructed  a  roller- 
gin,  believed  to  have  been  the  first  ever  used  in  that  State  for  cleaning  the  long  staple  and  silky  cotton, 
of  which  he  was  one  of  the  first  cultivators.     It  consisted  of  pieces  of  burnished  iron  gun-barrels 
secured  by  screws  to  wooden  rollers  turned  by  wooden  cranks,  like  a  steel  corn-mill.    A  Mr.  Bisset,  of 
Georgia,  in  1788,  contrived  a  gin  having  two  rollers  revolving  in  opposite  directions,  operated  by  a  boy 
or  girl  at  each,  by  which  five  pounds  of  cleaned  cotton  was  made  per  diem.     Nothing  but  hand-gins, 
resembling  the  cotton  hand-mills  of  India,  were  yet  known  in  the  south,  although  foot  or  treadle  gins 
appear  to  have  been  in  use  at  this  date  in  Philadelphia  and  vicinity,  some  cotton  being  then  raised  in  New 
Jersey,  Maryland,  and  Delaware.     A  great  improvement  in  the  treadle  gin  was  made  about  the  year 
1790,  by  Joseph  Eve,  of  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  then  residing  in  the  Bahamas,  and  was  patented  by 
him  in  1803.     It  was  a  double  gin,  with  two  pairs  of  rollers  placed  obliquely  one  above  the  other,  and 
by  adding  iron  teeth  and  pulleys,  was  made  by  a  little  assistance  to  feed  itself.     It  could  be  worked 
either  by  horse  or  water  power.     Mr.  Pottle,  of  Georgia,  substituted  two  single  rollers  for  the  double 
ones,  and  produced  a  gin  very  popular  in  that  State  for  some  time.    The  present  form  of  foot  or  treadle 
gin   was  first  introduced  into  Georgia  from  the  Bahamas,  in  179G.     It  was  improved  in  1820  by  Mr. 
Harvie,  of  Berbice,  who  obtained  a  patent,  and  afterwards  by  another  person,  who  obtained  a  patent  in  the 
United  States  for  making  the  rollers  hollow,  to  prevent  them  from  becoming  hot  while  revolving.    Other 
improvements  on  the  roller-gin  were  patented  in  1823,  and  subsequent  years  by  Eleazer  Carver,  of 
Bridgewater,  Massachusetts,  who  in  1807  commenced  the  manufacture  of  saw  and  roller  gins  in  Missis 
sippi  and  Louisiana,  then  a  new  country  without  saw-mills — of  which  he  erected  one  of  the  first  in 
these  territories — or  any  machinery  for  manufacturing  the  several  parts.     The  Whittemores,  of  West 
Cambridge,  also  secured  patents  for  improvements  on  the  roller-gin,  which  was  in  some  respects 
superior  to  all  others,  but  was  found  to  injure  the  staple,  and  was  abandoned.     Other  modifications  of 
these  machines  were  introduced  by  Birney,  Simpson,  Nicholson,  Farris,  Logan,  Stevens,  McCarthy,  and 
others,  several  of  which  were  popular  in  their  day,  and  preferred  in  certain  sections  of  the  cotton 
States.      The  machines  of  Farris  and  Logan  were  improvements  upon  Eve's  mechanism,  and  at  a 
recent  period   were  still  used  to  some  extent  with  steam-power.      Jesse  Reed,  of  Massachusetts, 
inventor  of  the  tack-machino,  patented  cotton-gins  in  1826  and  1827,  the  latter  for  cleaning  Sea  Island 
cotton,  and  the  eminent  American  inventors,  Jacob  Perkins  and  Isaiah  Jennings,  each  labored  in  this 
field.     The  roller-gin  is  especially  adapted  for  cleaning  the  long  staple  or  Sea  Island  cotton,  the  long, 
silky,  delicate  fibre  of  which  is  injured  by  the  saw-gin.     In  the  original  machines,  a  pair  of  rollers 
worked  by  one  hand  would  make  about  twenty-five  pounds  of  clean  cotton  in  a  day.    A  recent  improve 
ment  by  Mr.  Chichester,  of  New  York,  consisting  of  a  fluted  roller  of  polished  steel,  and  one  of 
vulcanized  rubber,  &c.,  is  said  to  clean  300  pounds  per  diem,  without  crushing  a  seed.     The  Parkhurst 


xxviii  INTRODUCTION. 

roller-gin,  though  costly,  is  deemed  a  superior  machine  in  Alabama  and  other  cotton  districts.  The 
Louisiana  cylinder-gin  for  short  staple  cotton,  made  by  Jenks,  of  Bridesburg,  Philadelphia,  is  also  much 
esteemed  for  completely  removing  all  extraneous  matters  without  injury  to  the  fibre.  But  as  the  Upland 
short  staple,  or  black-seed  cotton,  was  the  first  variety  cultivated  in  the  south,  a  means  of  removing  the 
seed  from  its  tenacious  envelope  was  early  sought,  and  happily  supplied  by  the  genius  of  Eli  Whitney, 
a  native  of  Worcester  county,  Massachusetts,  under  the  patronage  of  the  widow  of  General  Greene,  of 
Georgia,  and  her  husband,  Mr.  Miller.  Whitney's  saw-gin,  patented  in  March,  1794,  was  the  first 
cotton-cleaning  machine  recorded  in  the  United  States  Patent  Office.  Its  appearance  produced  intense 
excitement,  and  numerous  infringements  of  his  patent  rights,  which  involved  him  in  expensive  and  vexa 
tious  lawsuits,  and  finally  drove  him  into  other  enterprises,  in  which  his  ingenuity  achieved  reputation 
and  success.  In  1796  Whitney  and  partner  had  thirty  machines  in  operation  in  Georgia  by  animal  or 
water  power,  and  in  December,  1801,  the  legislature  of  South  Carolina  purchased  the  right  for  that 
State  at  a  cost  of  $50,000,  and  threw  it  open  to  the  public.  One  of  the  early  invasions  of  the  patent 
was  by  Ilogden  Holmes,  of  Georgia,  who  also  patented  a  saw-gin  in  1796.  Two  other  Georgians  the 
same  year  took  out  patents  for  saw-gins,  and  in  1803  another  was  taken  for  a  saw-gin  by  G.  F.  Salton- 
stall,  of  North  Carolina.  Among  other  improvements  on  gins  made  by  Mr.  Carver,  before  mentioned, 
who  had  long  experience  in  their  manufacture,  was  the  grate  patented  by  him  in  1823,  which  being 
placed  where  the  seed  is  arrested  and  the  fibre  taken  from  it  by  the  saw,  prevented  clogging,  and  the 
delay  of  cleaning  the  saw,  &c.  In  1837  he  patented  an  improvement  in  ribs  for  saw-gins.  Mr. 
McCarthy  in  1840  connected  a  vibrating  saw  to  the  roller-gin,  adapting  it  for  cleaning  both  green  and 
black  seed  cotton.  This  machine  it  was  thought  would  supersede  Whitney's,  the  fibre  cleaned  by  it 
having  brought  three  cents  per  pound  more  in  the  Mobile  market  than  that  cleaned  by  the  latter. 

The  manufacture  of  cotton-gins  has  long  formed  a  branch  of  business  in  the  machine-shops  of  the 
northern  and  middle  States,  and  an  independent  business  in  several  southern  cities.  One  of  the  earliest 
and  most  extensive  of  these  concerns  was  that  of  Samuel  Griswold,  at  Clinton,  Georgia.  In  1833  the 
business  was  commenced  in  Autauga  county,  Alabama,  by  Daniel  Pratt,  a  native  of  New  Hampshire, 
who  had  learned  the  business  with  Mr.  Griswold.  He  there  manufactured  cotton-gins  of  superior 
quality  for  the  neighboring  southwestern  States,  including  many  for  Texas,  and  even  New  Mexico,  and 
acquired  reputation  and  fortune  in  supplying  the  great  demand,  which  required  a  branch  house  in  New 
Orleans.  His  large  accumulations  were  employed  in  erecting  saw  and  planing  mills,  one  of  the  first 
flouring-mills  in  Alabama,  grist-mills,  large  cotton  and  cotton-gin  factories,  and  other  factories  and  tene 
ments,  forming  the  flourishing  village  of  Prattville,  where  in  1851  he  employed  200  hands,  and  made 
annually  about  600  gins.  He  had  manufactured  since  1833  upwards  of  8.000  cotton-gins.  In  1846  he 
received  from  the  University  of  Alabama  the  honorary  degree  of  master  in  the  mechanic  arts,  for  the 
intelligent  and  benevolent  exercise  of  his  mechanical  ingenuity  and  ample  means. 

We  have  thus  very  briefly,  as  compared  with  the  importance  of  the  subject,  given  a  sketch  .of  the 
rise  and  progress  of  the  manufacture  and  introduction  of  some  of  the  most  important  implements 
connected  with  husbandry.  To  some  it  might  seem  a  subject  better  discussed  in  the  volume  on  manu 
factures;  but  believing  it  to  be  one  of  special  interest  to  agriculturists,  we  have  not  hesitated  respecting 
the  propriety  of  incorporating  the  facts  in  a  volume  prepared  especially  for  the  farmers  of  the  country) 
with  whose  tastes  and  progress  we  feel  a  deep  interest,  and  whose  advantages  in  late  years  we  can 
appreciate  from  experience.  We  hope  we  may  be  pardoned  for  referring  in  a  public  work  to  our 
personal  experience  in  stating  that,  as  recently  as  1849,  when  we  relieved  ourselves  of  the  cultivation 
of  a  farm  in  Pennsylvania  to  take  charge  of  the  census,  nearly  all  the  operations  of  agriculture,  except 
that  of  threshing  the  grain,  were  performed  by  manual  labor;  and  the  number  of  workmen  to  be  pro 
vided  for,  especially  during  the  period  of  harvest,  rendered  several  months  of  the  year  a  season  of 
family  solicitude  and  drudgery.  On  the  same  farm  the  crops  of  the  past  year  were  sown  and  gathered 
in  a  much  shorter  time,  in  better  condition,  with  one-fourth  the  number  of  laborers — the  grain  being 
cut  by  machinery,  and  the  grass  mown,  loaded  on  the  wagon,  and  transferred  therefrom  to  mow  by 


INTRODUCTION. 


xx;x 


means  of  mechanical  appliances.     The  effects  of  such  changes  upon  the  character  of  the  rural  popula 
tion  of  our  country  will  soon  manifest  themselves  by  their  elevating  influences. 


WHEAT. 

Bushels  of  wheat  produced  in  1800. 


STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

Alabama 

1,  218,  444 

Oregon  

826,  776 

Arkansas  .                   , 

957,601 

Pennsylvania  

13,  042,  165 

California,  

5,  928,  470 

Rhode  Island  

1,  131 

Connecticut 

52,  401 

South  Carolina  

1,285,  631 

Delaware.  .             

912,941 

Tennessee  

5,  459,  268 

Florida 

2,  808 

Texas  

1,  478,  345 

Georgia  .  .               .    . 

2,544,913 

Vermont  

437,  037 

Illinois 

23,  837,  023 

Virginia  ..... 

13,  130,  977 

Indiana 

1C,  848,  267 

"Wisconsin  

15,  657,  458 

8  440   403 

Kansas  ... 

194,  173 

Total,  States  

172,  034,  301 

7  394  809 

32  208 

Maine  

233,  876 

Maryland 

6,  103,  480 

District  of  Columbia.  

12,  760 

Massachusetts 

119,  783 

Dakota 

945 

Michigan 

8,  336,  368 

Nebraska  

147,  867 

Minnesota 

2   186  993 

3,  631 

Mississippi   . 

587,  925 

New  Mexico  

434,  309 

Missouri 

4  227  586 

Utah 

384,  892 

New  Hampshire 

238,  965 

^Vashin^ton  

86,  219 

1   763  218 

New  York 

8,  681,  105 

Total,  Territories  

1,  070,  623 

4  743  706 

Ohio 

15   119,  047 

A  fnTo^atc  -  • 

173,  104,  924 

STATES  IN  THE  ORDER  OF  THEIR  WHEAT  PRODUCT  IN  18CO  AND  IN  I860. 

The  census  of  1850  showed  that  Pennsylvania  produced  more  wheat  in  1849  than  any  other 
State  in  the  Union,  15,367,691  bushels.  Ohio  ranked  second,  producing  14,487,351 ;  New  York  stood 
third  on  the  list,  13,121,498;  Virginia  came  next,  11,212,616;  Illinois  stood  fifth,  9,414,575;  Indiana, 
sixth,  6,214,458;  Michigan,  seventh,  4,925,889;  Maryland,  eighth,  4,494,680;  Wisconsin,  ninth,  4,286,131; 
Missouri,  tenth,  2,981,652 ;  Kentucky,  eleventh,  2,142,822  ;  North  Carolina,  twelfth,  2,130,102 ;  Ten 
nessee,  thirteenth,  1,619,386;  New  Jersey,  fourteenth,  1,601,190;  Iowa,  fifteenth,  1,530,581;  Georgia, 
sixteenth,  1,088,534;  South  Carolina,  seventeenth,  1,066,277;  Vermont,  eighteenth,  535,955;  Delaware, 
nineteenth,  482,511;  Maine,  twentieth,  296,259;  Alabama,  twenty-first,  294,044;  Oregon,  twenty- 
second,  211,943  ;  Arkansas,  twenty-third,  199,639;  New  Hampshire,  twenty-fourth,  185,658;  Missis 
sippi,  twenty-fifth,  137,990;  Connecticut,  twenty-sixth,  41,762  ;  Texas,  twenty-seventh,  41,729;  Massa 
chusetts,  twenty-eighth,  31,211;  California,  twenty-ninth,  17,228;  Minnesota,  thirtieth,  1,401;  Florida, 
thirty-first,  1,027;  Louisiana,  thirty-second, 41 7;  Rhode  Island,  thirty-third,  49  bushels;  Kansas,  no  report. 

The  census  of  1860  (crop  of  1859)  placed  Illinois,  which  was  fifth  in  1850,  at  the  head  of  the 
list  in  1860—23,837,023  bushels. 


xxx  INTRODUCTION. 

Indiana,  which  was  sixth  in  1850,  was  second  in  1860 — 16,848,267. 

Wisconsin,  which  was  ninth  in  1850,  was  third  in  1860 — 15,657,458. 

Ohio,  which  was  second  in  1850,  drops  to  fourth  in  1860 — 15,119,047,  though  showino-  an  actual 
increase  of  631,696  bushels. 

Virginia  shows  an  increase  in  the  last  decade  of  1,918,361  bushels,  but  nevertheless  stands  fifth 
/in  1860,  instead  of  fourth,  as  in  1850. 

Pennsylvania,  which  stood  first  in  1850,  is  now  sixth,  with  an  actual  decrease  of  2,325,526  bushels 
and  10,794,858  less  than  Illinois. 

New  York  stands  seventh — 8,681,105  bushels.  In  1850  she  stood  third,  producing  13,121,498, 
showing  a  decrease  in  ten  years  of  4,440,393  bushels. 

Iowa,  which  was  fifteenth  in  1850,  now  stands  eighth,  producing  8,449,403  bushels,  against 
1,530,581  in  1850,  showing  an  increase  of  6,918,822. 

Michigan,  which  was  seventh,  is  now  ninth,  though  the  produce  of  wheat  has  nearly  doubled.  In 
1850  it  was  4,925,889  bushels;  in  1860—8,336,368. 

Kentucky,  which  was  eleventh  in  1850,  is  now  tenth — 7,394,809  bushels — showing  an  increase  of 
5,251,987. 

Maryland,  which  was  eighth  in  1850,  falls  to  the  eleventh  in  1860 — 6,103,480  bushels — though 
showing  an  increase  of  1,608,800. 

California,  which  was  twenty-ninth  in  1850,  is  now  the  twelfth  wheat-producing  State  in  the 
Union.  In  1850  she  produced  but  17,228,  while  in  1860  she  produced  5,928,470  bushels,  being  nearly 
as  much  as  Indiana  (which  stood  sixth)  produced  in  1850. 

Tennessee,  again,  as  in  1850,  stands  thirteenth,  producing,  however,  5,459,268,  against  1,619,386 
bushels  in  1850. 

North  Carolina,  which  was  twelfth  in  1850,  now  ranks  only  as  fourteenth,  producing,  however, 
4,743,706  bushels,  being  an  increase  of  2,613,604. 

Missouri,  which  was  tenth  in  1850,  is  now  fifteenth,  producing  4,227,586  bushels,  showing  an 
increase,  however,  of  1,245,934. 

Georgia,  in  1860,  stands  sixteenth,  as  in  1850,  in  order,  producing  2,544,913,  against  1,088,534 
bushels  in  1850. 

Minnesota,  which  was  thirtieth  in  1850,  now  occupies  the  seventeenth  rank,  having  increased  the 
produce  of  wheat  from  1,401  bushels  in  1850  to  2,186,993  in  1860. 

New  Jersey,  which  was  fourteenth  in  1850,  is  now  eighteenth,  with  a  product  of  1,763,218  bushels, 
showing  an  increase  of  only  162,028  in  ten  years. 

Texas,  which  was  twenty-seventh  in  1850,  is  now  nineteenth,  producing  1,478,345,  against  41,729 
bushels  in  1850. 

South  Carolina,  which  was  seventeenth  in  1850,  is  now  twentieth,  producing  1,285,631  bushels  in 
1860,  against  1,066,277  in  1850. 

Alabama  is  again  twenty-first,  as  in  1850,  producing  1,218,444  bushels  in  1860,  or  924,400  more 
than  in  1850. 

Arkansas  is  .now,  as  in  1850,  twenty-second,  producing  957,601  bushels,  being  an  increase  of 
757,962  in  ten  years. 

Delaware,  which  in  1850  was  nineteenth,  stands  now  twenty-third,  producing  912,941  bushels, 
against  482,511  in  1850. 

Oregon,  which  stood  twenty-second  in  1850,  is  now  twenty-fourth,  producing  826,776  bushels  in 
1860,  against  211,943  in  1850. 

Mississippi  is  again  twenty-fifth,  as  in  1850,  producing  587,925  bushels,  against  137,990  in  1850. 

Vermont,  which  was  eighteenth  in  1850,  is  now  twenty-sixth,  producing  only  437,037  bushels, 
against  535.955  in  1850,  or  a  decrease  of  98,918  bushels  in  ten  years. 


INTRODUCTION.  xxxi 

New  Hampshire,  which  was  twenty-fourth  in  1850,  is  now  twenty-seventh,  producing  238,965 
bushels  in  18GO,  against  185,658  in  1850,  or  an  increase  of  53,307  bushels  in  ten  years. 

Maine,  which  was  twentieth  in  1850,  is  now  twenty-eighth,  producing  233,876  bushels  in  1860, 
against  2%',25'J  in  1850,  or  a  decrease  of  62,383  bushels. 

Kansas,  which  was  unreported  in  1850,  now  stands  twenty-ninth,  producing  194,173  bushels, 
taking  the  same  relative  rank  occupied  by  California  in  1850,  but  which  stands  twelfth  in  1860. 

Massachusetts,  which  was  twenty-eighth  in  1850,  is  now  thirtieth,  producing  119,783  bushels, 
against  31,211  in  1850,  showing  an  increase  of  88,572. 

Connecticut,  which  was  twenty-sixth  in  1850,  is  now  thirty-first,  producing  52,401  bushels, 
against  41,762  in  1850,  showing  an  increase  of  10,639. 

Louisiana  continues  thirty-second,  as  in  1850,  though  producing  32,208  bushels,  against  417  in  1850. 

Florida,  which  was  thirty-first  in  1850,  is  now  thirty-third,  producing  2,808  bushels  in  1860, 
against  1,027  in  1850. 

Rhode  Island,  which  was  thirty-third,  is  now  thirty-fourth,  producing  1,131  bushels  in  1860, 
against  49  in  1850. 

PRODUCTION  OF  WHEAT  IN  PROPORTION  TO  POPULATION. 

In  1850,  the  United  States  and  Territories,  with  a  population  of  23,191,876,  exclusive  of  Indian 
tribes,  produced  100,485,944  bushels  of  wheat,  or  4.33  bushels  to  each  inhabitant. 

In  1860,  with  a  population,  exclusive  of  Indian  tribes,  of  31,443,322,  there  were  173,104,924 
bushels  of  wheat  produced,  or  5.50  bushels  to  each  inhabitant,  showing  an  increase  of  one  bushel  and 
one  sixth  to  each  inhabitant,  or  an  increase  in  proportion  to  population  of  over  twenty-five  per  cent. 

The  New  England  States,  with  a  population  of  2,728,116  in  1850,  produced  1,090,894  bushels, 
or  only  thirteen  quarts  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860,  with  a  population  of  3,135,283,  flic  New  England 
States  produced  1,083,193  bushels,  or  about  eleven  quarts  and  a  half  to  each  inhabitant. 

The  middle  States,  (New  York,  Pennsylvania,  New  Jersey,  Maryland,  and  Delaware,)  in  1850, 
with  a  population  of  6,573,301,  produced  35,066,570  bushels,  or  five  and  one-third  bushels  to  each 
inhabitant.  The  same  States  in  1860,  with  a  population  of  8,258,150,  produced  30,502x909  bushels,  or 
about  three  and  two-thirds  to  each  inhabitant. 

The  western  States,  (Ohio,  Michigan,  Wisconsin,  Illinois,  Iowa,  Missouri,  Minnesota,  Kentucky, 
Indiana,  and  Kansas,)  in  1850,  with  a  population  of  6,379,723,  produced  46,076,318  bushels,  or  seven 
and  a  quarter  to  each  inhabitant.  The  same  States  in  1860,  with  a  population  of  10,218,722,  pro 
duced  102,251,127  bushels,  or  ten  to  each  inhabitant. 

The  southern  States,  (Alabama,  Arkansas,  Florida,  Georgia,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  North  Carolina, 
South  Carolina,  Tennessee,  Virginia,  and  Texas,)  in  1850,  with  a  population  of  7,349,472,  produced 
17,795,761  bushels,  or  nearly  two  and  a  half  to  each  inhabitant.  The  same  States  in  1860,  with  a 
population  of  9,103,332,  produced  31,441,826  bushels,  or  three  and  a  half  to  each  inhabitant. 

The  fifteen  slaveholding  States,  in  1850,  with  a  population  of  9,698,487,  produced  27,897,426 
bushels,  nearly  three  to  each  inhabitant.  The  same  States  in  1860,  with  a  population  of  12,112,683, 
produced  50,080,642  bushels  of  wheat,  or  a  little  over  four  to  each  inhabitant. 

The  non-slaveholding  States  and  Territories,  in  1850,  with  a  population  of  14,492,389,  produced 
72,588,518  bushels,  or  five  to  each  inhabitant. 

The  same  States  and  Territories  in  1860,  with  a  population  of  19,330,639,  produced  123,024,282 
bushels  of  wheat,  or  about  six  and  one-third  bushels  to  each  inhabitant. 

To  recapitulate :  The  production  of  wheat  in  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories  was  four 
and  one-third  bushels  in  1850  to  each  inhabitant,  and  in  1860  five  and  a  half  bushels  to  each  inhabitant. 

In  the  New  England  States  the  production  of  wheat  in  1850  was  thirteen  quarts  to  each  inhab 
itant,  and  in  1860  only  eleven  quarts. 


xxSii  INTRODUCTION. 

In  the  middle  States  the  production  of  wheat  in  1850  was  five  and  one-third  bushels  to  each 
inhabitant,  and  in  I860  three  and  three-fourths  bushels. 

In  the  western  States  the  production  of  wheat  in  1850  was  seven  and  a  quarter  bushels,  and  in 
18GO  nine  and  three-fourths  bushels,  to  each  inhabitant. 

In  the  southern  States  the  production  of  wheat  in  1850  was  two  and  a  half  bushels,  and  in  1860 
three  and  a  half  bushels,  to  each  inhabitant. 

In  the  entire  slavcholding  States  the  production  of  wheat  in  1850  was  three  bushels,  and  in  1860 
four  bushels,  to  each  inhabitant. 

In  the  free  States  and  Territories  the  production  of  wheat  in  1850  was  five  bushels,  and  in  1860 
six  and  a  quarter  bushels,  to  each  inhabitant. 

Taking  the  country  as  a  whole,  therefore,  there  has  been  a  gratifying  increase  in  the  production 
of  wheat  as  compared  with  population ;  an  increase  of  one  bushel  to  each  inhabitant,  or  about  twenty- 
five  per  cent. 

In  the  western  States  the  increase  in  proportion  to  population  has  been,  as  was  to  be  expected, 
much  larger  than  in  any  other  section — an  increase  of  two  and  a  half  bushels  to  each  inhabitant,  or  an 
actual  increase  of  over  thirty-three  per  cent. 

In  the  slaveholding  States,  taken  as  a  whole,  the  increase  was  one  bushel  to  each  inhabitant,  against 
one  and  a  quarter  bushels  increase  in  the  free  States.  The  increase  per  cent.,  however,  is  greater  in 
the  slave  States  than  in  the  free  States,  being  thirty-three  per  cent,  in  the  former,  against  twenty-five 
per  cent,  in  the  latter.  The  production  of  wheat  in  proportion  to  the  population  was  much  lower  in 
1850  in  the  slaveholding  than  in  the  free  States. 

In  New  England  the  production  of  wheat,  little  as  it  was  in  1850,  is  even  less  in  1860.  It  was 
only  thirteen  quarts  to  each  inhabitant  in  1850,  and  in  1860  about  eleven  and  a  half  quarts. 

New  England  is  almost  entirely  dependent  upon  the  western  States  for  breadstuff's.  That  wheat 
can  be  grown  in  the  New  England  States  there  is  abundant  evidence.  Wheat  forms  the  principal 
bread-food  of  a  large  portion  of  all  civilized  nations,  and  has  a  wider  range  of  habitat  than  any  other 
cereal.  There  is  scarcely  a  soil  in  which  it  cannot  be  grown,  at  least  occasionally.  We  have  seen  as 
good  wheat  produced  in,  Connecticut  as  in  western  New' York  or  in  Ohio. 

It  has  been  said  that  the  reason  why  New  England  produces  so  little  wheat  is  on  account  of  the 
exhaustion  of  the  soil.  We  believe  the  soil  proper  is  as  rich  to-day  in  New  England  as  it  ever  was, 
and  that  it  can  be  made  highly  productive  has  been  proved  in  repeated  instances.  The  soil  of  New 
England,  however,  never  was  well  adapted  to  the  production  of  wheat.  John  Adams,  of  Quincy,  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  a  letter  written  to  Elkanah  Watson,  in  1812,  says  :  "  Full  fifty-five  years  have  I  observed, 
inquired,  read,  and  tried  experiments  to  raise  wheat  in  New  England.  The  result  is  total  despair." 

In  another  letter  to  the  same  gentleman,  written  about  the  same  time,  he  alludes  to  the  experi 
ments  of  Josiah  Quincy  with  Siberian  wheat  as  follows : 

"  He  (Mr.  Quincy)  succeeded  very  well;  had  a  fine  crop,  which  suffered  nothing  from  the  Hessian 
fly,  mildew,  blasting,  or  weevil.  Enthusiasm  was  excited  in  the  neighborhood ;  all  the  seed  he  could 
spare  was  purchased  at  a  high  price  for  sowing.  My  wife  purchased  some  bushels;  others  more. 
Quincy  himself  sowed  the  greatest  part  of  all  he  had.  Expectations  were  high  that  it  would  become 
the  staple  of  New  England.  The  next  year  we  all  failed;  every  plant  of  it  blasted,  and  seed,  labor,  and 
all  were  totally  lost." 

"  Notwithstanding  all  this,"  he  further  says,  "  I  have  no  doubt  wheat  may  be  raised  in  Massachu 
setts  as  well  as  anywhere  else ;  but  the  land  must  be  under  proper  cultivation,  particularly  manured 
abundantly,  the  seed  sown  so  early  that  it  may  be  forward  and  vigorous  enough  to  bear  the  winter,  and 
start  early  enough  in  the  spring  to  shoot  the  grain  and  ear  forward  before  the  season  of  insects.  But 
this  process,  which  /  know  has  succeeded,  and  will  succeed,  is  expensive,  and  the  wheat  will  not  procure 
a  price  equal  to  the  labor." 


INTRODUCTION.  xxxiii 

Them  is  hero  nothing  to  indicate  that  the  soil  of  New  England  was  ever  very  well  adapted  to 
the  production  of  wheat,  and  that  it  has  been  exhausted  by  tillage.  The  reason  so  little  wheat  is  raised 
in  those  States  is  simply,  as  Mr.  Adams  says,  "it  will  not  procure  a  price  equal  to  the  labor."  Other 
crops  pay  better. 

In  the  middle  States  the  production  of  wheat  is  also  less  in  I860  than  in  1850  by  some  four  and 
a  half  millions  of  bushels,  while  during  the  same  period  the  population  increased  over  one  and  a  half 
million. 

There  are  several  causes  which  conspire  to  produce  this  result.  Competition  with  the  west,  and 
consequent  low  prices,  is  one  cause;  want  of  capital  to  admit  of  a  higher  system  of  farming  generally, 
another. 

Agriculture  in  the  middle  States  is  in  a  transition  state.  We  have  abstracted  from  the  soil  nearly 
all  the  accumulated  organic  matter  derived  from  natural  sources,  and  have  not  yet  fully  realized  the 
necessity  of  enriching  the  soil  by  the  application  of  manure.  Farmers  have  been  proverbially  slow  to 
adopt  new  ideas  and  practices.  Many  continue  to  grow  wheat  in  the  same  manner,  and  with  as  little 
preparation,  as  when  the  country  was  new,  and  the  soil  abounded  in  available  plant-food.  They  fail  to 
get  as  good  crops  as  formerly;  but  too  many  persevere  in  the  old  way,  hoping  lor  better  success,  and  of 
course  are  disappointed. 

In  the  middle  States  we  must  make  more  manure,  and  cultivate  our  land  better,  before  we  can 
reasonably  expect  to  grow  good  crops  of  wheat.  There  are  many  farmers  who  understand  this,  and  are 
doing  their  utmost  to  enrich  their  land,  but  the  majority  put  in  their  wheat  without  any  manure  what 
ever,  and  obtain  small  crops  in  consequence.  Others,  discouraged  with  their  failures  to  obtain  remu 
nerative  crops,  have  abandoned  wheat  culture  altogether,  or  greatly  reduced  the  number  of  acres  sown 

The  advent  of  the  midge  is  another  reason  for  the  falling  oil'  in  the  production  of  wheat  in  the 
middle  States.  This  insect,  according  to  the  late  Dr.  Thaddeus  W.  Harris,  first  made  its  appearance 
in  the  United  States  in  the  nort.hern  portion  of  Vermont,  and  on  the  borders  of  Lower  Canada,  about 
the  year  1828,  though  he  adds  in  a  foot-note  that  Mr.  Jewitt  states  that  "its  first  appearance  in  west 
ern  Vermont  occurred  in  1820."  From  these  places  its  ravages  have  gradually  extended  in  various 
directions  from  year  to  year.  In  1834  it  appeared  in  Maine,  which  State  it  traversed  in  an  easterly 
course  at  the  rate  of  twenty  or  thirty  miles  a  year.  Dr.  Fitch,  the  able  entomologist  to  the  New  York 
State  Agricultural  Society,  in  his  sixth  report  on  the  "noxious  and  other  insects  of  the  State  of  New 
York,"  gives  a  most  interesting  and  instructive  account  of  the  habits  and  ravages  of  this  the  greatest 
of  all  the  pests  which  has  infested  the  wheat-crop.  He  thinks  that  this  insect  was  originally  brought 
from  Great  Britain  to  Quebec  when  lying  in  its  larvae  state  in  some  unthrashcd  whear,  and  that  it 
extended  itself  from  thence  along  the  St.  Lawrence  and  Chambly  (Sorel)  rivers,  and  thus  readied 
Vermont.  All  accounts  agree  in  representing  it  as  having  overspread  the  surrounding  country  from  the 
northwestern  portion  of  Vermont. 

In  Washington  county,  New  Y'ork,  the  larvae,  or  little  yellow  worms  of  this  insect,  were  found  in 
the  wheat  in  1830,  and  in  1832  they  had  so  multiplied  as  to  completely  destroy  the  crop  in  many  fields. 
Previous  to  the  arrival  of  this  insect  a  considerable  quantity  of  wheat  was  annually  sent  to  market  from 
that  county,  but  at  no  time  since  (I860)  has  it  been  able  to  grow  more  than  a  small  fraction  of  the 
amount  needed  for  its  own  consumption. 

Two  years  later  the  midge  was  progressing  on  its  way  south,  through  the  adjoining  counties  of 
Rensselaer  and  Saratoga,  devastating  the  wheat-fields  in  the  same  manner  as  in  Washington  county. 

In  Ib34,  the  midge  having  advanced  eastward  across  Vermont  ami  New  Hampshire,  began  to 
show  itself  in  the  State  of  Maine;  and  in  the  opposite  direction  it  had  become  so  numerous  around 
Montreal  as  to  seriously  injure  the  crop. 

In  1835  and  1836,  over  all  the  territory  to  which  it  had  extended,  and  where  wheat  continued  to  be 
sown,  it  was  so  extremely  destructive  that  further  attempts  to  cultivate  this  grain  were  abandoned. 

5 


xxxiv  INTRODUCTION. 

In  1849  and  1850,  the  midge  having  advanced  up  the  St.  Lawrence  river  to  Lake  Ontario,  made 
its  appearance  in  the  counties  along  the  north  side  of  the  lake,  in  Canada,  travelling  westward,  it  is 
said,  at  the  rate  of  about  nine  miles  each  year.  At  the  same  time  it  was  making  similar  progress  on 
the  opposite  side  of  the  lake,  into  the  great  grain-growing  district  of  western  New  York,  which  it 
seems  also  to  have  approached  at  the  same  time  from  the  Mohawk  valley  and  central  New  York.  It, 
was  quite  injurious  on  the  borders  of  Seneca  lake  in  1849  and  1850. 

The  late  General  James  S.  Wadsworth,  of  Grenesee,  New  York,  states  that  the  midge  was  seen 
in  the  Genesee  valley  in  1854,  more  in  1855,  and  in  1856  it  destroyed  from  one-half  to  two-thirds 
of  the  crop  on  the  uplands,  and  nearly  all  on  the  flats.  In  1857  it  was  still  worse,  taking  over  two- 
thirds  of  the  crop. 

The  secretary  of  the  New  York  State  Agricultural  Society,  from  statistics  gathered  for  the  year 
1854,  concluded  that  at  the  lowest  estimate  the  injury  done  the  wheat-crop  in  that  year  in  the  State  of 
New  York  exceeded  fifteen  millions  of  dollars;  or,  if  estimated  at  the  price  to  which  wheat  afterwards 
advanced,  to  over  twenty  millions  of  dollars. 

In  Pennsylvania  the  midge  seems  to  have  attracted  the  attention  of  wheat-growers  earlier  than  in 
western  New  York.  In  the  Patent  Office  report  for  1852,  James  Thornton,  jr.,  of  Byberry,  Philadel 
phia  county,  Pennsylvania,  says:  "Mediterranean  wheat  is  universally  sown,  its  early  maturity  being 
proof  against  the  grain-worm,  (a  very  destructive  insect  that  feeds  upon  the  grain  whilst  in  a  milky 
state.")  And  in  the  Patent  Office  report  for  1853,  Mr.  F.  J.  Cope,  of  Ilemphill,  Westmoreland  county ? 
Pennsylvania,  under  date  of  November  8,  1852,  says:  ';The  wheat  crop  of  this  section  was  materially 
injured  the  past  season  by  an  insect  not  inaptly  called  the  'milk  weevil,'  from  the  fact  that  its  depre 
dations  are  committed  on  the  growing  crop  while  the  grain  is  in  the  milky  state.  The  injury  has  been 
almost  entirely  confined  to  the  'white'  varieties,  the  Mediterranean  escaping  altogether.  The  grub 
(frequently  four  and  five  to  each  grain)  is  of  an  orange  color,  about  one-eighth  of  an  inch  long.  My 
entire  crop  was  destroyed  by  it.  There  seems  to  be  no  remedy  for  it ;  and  we  must  avoid  risks  by 
abandoning,  at  least  for  a  while,  those  varieties  which  seem  to  be  its  special  favorites." 

There  can  be  no  doubt  whatever  that  the  insect  alluded  to  is  the  midge.  Since  that  time  it  has 
been  but  too  well  known  to  the  wheat-growers  of  Pennsylvania. 

The  injury  done  the  wheat-crop  by  this  insect,  is  of  itself  sufficient  to  account  for  the  diminution 
in  the  yield.  The  damage  was  greater  in  New  York  than  in  Pennsylvania,  and  the  falling  off  in  the 
crop  from  1850  to  18GO  is  also  greater  in  the  former  State  than  in  the  latter.  In  Pennsylvania  the 
amount  of  wheat  in  1850  was  15,3G7,G91  bushels,  and  in  I860,  13,045,231  bushels,  or  a  decrease  of 
about  fifteen  per  cent.;  while  in  New  York,  in  the  same  period,  the  decrease  was  from  13,121,498 
bushels  in  1850,  to  8,G81,100  in  18GO,  a  decrease  of  about  forty-four  per  cent. 

In  the  other  middle  States,  New  Jersey,  Delaware,  and  Maryland,  the  production  of  wheat  was 
greater  in  18GO  than  in  1850. 

In  these  States  the  midge  has  done  very  little  injury,  owing,  it  is  thought,  to  the  warmer  climate. 
The  great  deficiency  in  the  production  of  wheat  in  the  middle  States  lies  wholly  with  New  York  and 
Pennsylvania,  and  is  due  principally  to  the  advent  of  the  wheat-midge  since  the  census  of  1850  was 
taken.  It  is  believed  that  the  midge  is  not  now  as  destructive  as  it  was  in  1859,  to  the  production  of 
which  year  the  census  returns  apply.  The  wheat  crop  of  the  following  year  (1860)  was  compara 
tively  uninjured  by  the  midge,  and  had  the  census  been  taken  in  that  year,  the  deficiency  would  not 
have  appeared  as  great  as  it  now  stands.  When  the  midge  appears  among  the  wheat  in  a  given  section, 
it  does  comparatively  small  damage  the  first  year,  and  consequently  attracts  little  attention  The  second 
year  it  spreads  rapidly,  and  the  third  and  fourth  years,  if  the  season  is  favorable  to  its  operations,  it 
destroys  a  large  portion  of  the  crop ;  wheat-growers  become  alarmed,  and  after  a  few  futile  attempts 
to  raise  wheat,  are  so  discouraged  as  to  abandon,  in  a  good  degree,  all  efforts  to  grow  it.  This  was 
especially  the  case  in  western  New  York.  In  the  county  of  Monroe,  which  in  1845  raised  more  wheat 
than  any  other  county  in  the  State,  and  more  than  all  the  New  England  States,  the  midge  proved  so 


INTRODUCTION.  xxxv 

destructive  in  1855  and  185G,  that  the  members  of  agricultural  societies  held  meetings  to  discuss  the 
propriety  of  abandoning  wheat  culture.  Spring  crops  and  winter  barley  took  the  place  of  wheat,  and 
many  farmers  who  formerly  produced  a  large  quantity  of  wheat,  raised  little  more  than  enough  for  their 
own  consumption.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  farmers  in  this  justly  celebrated  wheat  section  had 
been  in  the  habit  of  sowing  too  mucli  of  their  land  to  this  grain.  It  was  not  uncommon  to  grow  wheat 
every  other  year  on  the  same  land.  The  result  was,  as  might  have  been  foreseen,  the  land  soon  lost 
its  primitive  fertility,  and  became  comparatively  impoverished.  Large  crops  of  clover  were  grown  by 
the  aid  of  gypsum,  (sulphate  of  lime,)  and  ploughed  under  as  a  manure  for  the  wheat  crop,  and  this  in 
a  measure  restored  the  fertility  of  the  soil.  There  can  be  little  doubt,  however,  that  ploughing  under 
such  large  crops  of  clover  for  so  many  years  increased  to  a  deleterious  degree  the  amount  of  carbo 
naceous  matter  in  the  soil,  and  this,  as  is  well  known,  has  a  tendency  to  retard  the  ripening  of  the  crop, 
as  well  as  to  increase  to  an  injurious  extent  the  growth  of  straw. 

When  the  midge  made  its  appearance,  it  found  everything  in  the  most  favorable  condition  for  its 
rapid  propagation.  The  wheat-growers  were  entirely  unprepared  for  such  an  enemy,  and  it  swept 
through  the  country  like  an  epidemic. 

No  wonder  there  was  a  wide-spread  conviction  that  wheat  culture  must  be  abandoned.  They 
knew  little  of  the  habits  of  this  minute  insect,  and  were  unable  to  oflcr  it  any  resistance. 

The  midge  was,  however,  no  new  thing.  It  had  been  known  in  England  for  a  century,  and  had 
at  different  periods  proved  very  destructive.  Farmers  there,  however,  did  not  abandon  wheat  culture^ 
neither  will  they  do  so  in  this  country.  They  can,  with  proper  care,  raise  wheat  even  in  seasons  when 
the  midge  would  otherwise  prove  most  destructive. 

How  are  the,  ravages  of  the  midge  to  be  avoided!  The  means  necessary  to  avoid  the  ravages  of 
the  wheat-midge  are  in  themselves  very  simple,  and  yet  they  embrace  every  process  of  our  agriculture. 

Wheat  is  the  most  profitable  of  all  our  ordinary  crops,  provided  the  land  and  climate  are  suitable, 
and  the  yield  good. 

It  should  be  the  aim  of  the  wheat-grower  so  to  conduct  all  his  operations  that  they  shall  tend  to 
enrich  and  prepare  his  land  for  the  production  of  the  crop.  His  system  of  rotation,  of  feeding  stock, 
and  manuring,  should  have  primary  reference  to  this  grain.  The  great  error  in  American  agriculture 
has  been  the  seeding  of  too  much  land  in  wheat,  the  result  of  which  practice  is  seen  in  small  and 
diminishing  crops.  The  time  has  come  when  we  can  no  longer  sow  wheat  on  the  same  land  every 
other  year  with  success. 

The  wheat-grower  will  appreciate  the  necessity  of  introducing  other  crops  for  the  purpose  of 
preparing  and  enriching  his  land,  and  on  fewer  acres,  to  obtain  a  greater  product. 

The  two  substances  most  likely  to  be  deficient  in  the  majority  of  soils  for  the  growth  of  wheat 
are  ammonia  and  phosphoric  acid. 

From  the  fact  that  about  one-half  of  the  ash  of  wheat,  barley,  oats,  rye,  and  Indian  corn  consists  of 
phosphoric  acid,  it  is  usual  to  speak  of  the  cereals  as  particularly  exhaustive  of  the  phosphoric  acid  in 
the  soil ;  and  it  is  undoubtedly  true  that  the  growth  and  exportation  of  cereals  from  the  farm  tend  very 
materially  to  impoverish  the  soil  of  phosphoric  acid.  But  it  does  not  follow  from  this,  that  when  a 
soil  falls  off  in  its  capacity  to  produce  the  cereals,  it  is  otoing,  necessarily,  to  a  deficiency  of  phosphoric 
acid.  We  believe,  in  fact,  that,  with  the  exception,  perhaps,  of  some  portions  of  the  grain-growing 
districts  of  the  south,  this  is  seldom  the  case.  It  has  been  clearly  proved  that  a  soil  requires  more 
available  phosphoric  acid  to  produce  an  average  crop  of  turnips  than  to  produce  an  average  crop  of 
wheat.  The  same,  it  is  believed,  is  true  of  clover,  beans,  peas,  vetches,  and  probably  other  leguminous 
plants  So  that  it  follows,  that  so  long  as  a  soil  produces  good  crops  of  clover,  or  peas,  or  beans,  there 
is  no  deficiency  of  phosphoric  acid  in  the  soil,  so  far,  at  least,  as  the  production  of  the  cereals  is  concerned. 

When  by  a  continued  course  of  cropping  with  the  cereals  the  phosphoric  acid  becomes  deficient — 
not  exhausted — the  crops  of  clover  and  other  leguminous  plants  will  first  fall  ofF;  and  if  the  farmer, 
after  this,  goes  on  impoverishing  his  soil  by  sowing  the  cereals,  he  must  be  content  to  do  it  with  very 


XX  XVI 


INTRODUCTION. 


poor  results.  Nature  protects  herself,  and  the  farmer's  capital  will  be  exhausted  long  before  he  has  so 
exhausted  the  soil  of  phosphoric  acid,  that  a  good  farmer  might  not  render  the  same  soil  highly  pro 
ductive.  an:l  that,  too,  without  the  application  of  a  single  atom  of  phosphoric  acid. 

It  is  true  that  it  is  often  the  cheaper  method  of  renovating  such  soils  by  the  direct  purchase  of 
bones,  guanos,  or  other  manures  which  contain  large  quantities  of  phosphoric  acid ;  or,  what  is  some 
times  cheaper  still,  by  the  purchase  and  consumption  of  oil-cake,  cotton-seed  cake,  &c.  As  long  as  ice 
can  obtain  good  crops  of  clover,  we  need  not  apprehend  any  deficiency  of  phosphoric  acid.  Under  such 
circumstances  there  is  little  hope  that  an  application  of  phosphoric  acid  to  any  of  the  cereals  would  be 
attended  with  any  great  benefit. 

Now,  all  agree  that  phosphoric  acid  is  more  likely  to  be  deficient  than  any  other  ash-constituent  of 
plants;  and  if  the  above  argument  is  correct — and  it  is  sustained  by  many  well-known  facts — it  follows 
that,  in  the  majority  of  cases,  there  is  no  necessity  for  the  direct  application  of  mineral  manures  to  the 
cereals.  Bat  the  cereals  need  manure  of  some  hind,  the  average  yield  being  not  half  what  it  should  be. 

We  have  shown  that  so  long  as  we  can  grow  good  crops  of  clover,  the  soil  contains  in  an  available 
condition  a  sufficient  quantity  of  mineral  plant-food  for  the  production  of  the  largest  crops  of  wheat. 
We  do  not,  therefore,  need  a  direct  application  of  mineral  manures.  But  we  need  manure  of  some  kind. 
We  must,  therefore,  look  among  the  organic  manures  for  the  particular  ingredient  which  is  required. 

Organic  manures  are  divided  into  two  classes,  carbonaceous  and  nitrogenous.  It  must  therefore 
be  a  carbonaceous  or  a  nitrogenous  manure,  or  both,  that  we  need  to  enrich  our  land  for  wheat  and  other 
cereals. 

It  might  easily  be  shown  that  we  do  not  need  carbonaceous  matter  for  the  growth  of  wheat.  On 
soils,  as  we  shall  presently  show,  where  we  have  been  in  the  habit  of  ploughing  in  clover,  there  can  be 
little  doubt  that  carbonaceous  matter  is  in  excess;  and  on  all  soils,  if  it  was  carbonaceous  matter  that 
was  needed,  nothing  would  be  easier  than  to  supply  it  in  abundance,  and  at  a  cheap  rate.  If  it  is  not 
carbonaceous  matter  that  we  need,  it  must  be  nitrogenous  matter. 

Organized  nitrogen  in  decaying  ultimately  forms  ammonia,  and  it  is  in  this  state,  or  as  nitric  acid, 
that  it  is  generally  taken  up  by  plants.  In  speaking  of  nitrogenous  matter,  therefore,  it  will  be  more 
convenient  to  speak  of  it  as  ammonia.  In  enriching  the  soil  for  wheat  and  other  cereals,  the  main 
object  should  be  to  get  ammonia. 

We  know  of  no  system  of  culture,  or  of  manuring  for  the  cereals,  which  experience  proves  bene 
ficial,  that  does  not,  cither  directly  or  indirectly,  furnish  ammonia  to  the  soil,  either  by  eliminating  it 
from  the  organic  matter  in  the  soil,  or  by  increasing  the  capacity  of  the  soil  for  abstracting  it  from  the 
air,  or  dews,  or  rain,  or  by  growing  those  plants  which  have  this  power,  or  by  the  direct  application  of 
ammonia  in  manure.  We  cannot  increase  the  growth  of  the  cereals  without  increasing  in  some  way 
the  supply  of  ammonia.  We  are  well  aware  that  neither  the  cereals  nor  other  plants  will  grow  unless 
the  soil  contains  all  their  ash-constituents  in  sufficient  quantity  and  in  available  condition.  But  there 
is  no  practicable  and  economical  method  of  supplying  the  requisite  quantity  of  ammonia  which  does 
not,  at  the  same  time,  furnish  these  ash-constituents  in  quantity  fully  equal  to  the  demand  of  the 
increased  growth  of  the  cereals  caused  by  the  application  of  the  ammonia. 

This  assertion  is  based  on  the  experiments  of  Messrs.  Lawes  and  Gilbert,  confirmed  as  they  are 
by  the  experience  of  practical  farmers. 

Mr.  Lawcs  has  devoted  a  large  part  of  his  home-farm  at  Rothamsted,  England,  for  the  last  twenty- 
two  years  to  experimental  purposes.  One  field  of  fifteen  acres  has  been  devoted  to  experiments  of 
different  fertilizing  substances  on  wheat — wheat  having  been  annually  sown  on  the  same  land  for  over 
twenty  years.  Another  field  has  been  devoted  in  the  same  way  to  experiments  on  turnips ;  another 
to  experiments  on  peas,  beans,  and  tares ;  another  to  experiments  on  clover,  and  another  to  experiments 
on  barley  alone,  and  in  rotation  with  other  crops.  On  the  wheat-field  it  was  found  that  none  of  the 
manuics  used  increased  the  yield  of  wheat  to  any  material  extent,  unless  they  contained  ammonia. 
Potash,  soda,  superphosphate  of  lime,  magnesia,  the  ash  of  fifteen  tons  of  barn-yard  manure,  the  ash  of 


INTRODUCTION.  xxxvii 

wheat-straw,  alkaline  silicates — in  short,  none  of  the  ash-constituents  of  plants  had  any  effect.  But 
wherever  ammonia  was  used  there  was  obtained  an  increased  yield,  and,  within  certain  limits,  the 
increase  of  wheat  was  in  proportion  to  the  quantity  of  ammonia  supplied. 

But  here  a  new  and  important  fact  was  brought  to  light.  Though  the  increase  of  wheat  was  in 
proportion  to  the  quantity  of  ammonia  supplied,  in  no  single  case  out  of  many  hundreds  of  experiments 
which  have  been  made  during  the  last  twenty  years,  was  as  much  ammonia  (or,  rather,  nitrogen) 
obtained  in  the  increase  of  the  wheat  and  straw  as  was  furnished  to  the  soil  in  manure. 

There  was  evidently  a  loss  of  ammonia  by  the,  growth  of  wlieat.  Professor  Way  lias  advanced  the 
hypothesis  that  the  large  quantity  of  silica  found  in  the  straw  of  wheat  and  other  grains  is  taken  up 
by  the  roots  of  the  plants  as  an  ammonia-silicate — the  silica  being  deposited  on  the  straw,  and  the 
ammonia  evaporated  into  the  atmosphere.  This  mayor  may  not  be  the  true  explanation ;  but  that 
there  \s, practically,  a  great  loss  <,f  ammonia  by  the  growth  of  wlieat  there  can  be  no  doubt.  The 
same,  it  is  believed,  is  true  of  barley,  oats,  rye,  and  Indian  corn,  as  well  as  of  herds-gross,  rep-top,  rye- 
grass,  and  other  grasses  grown  for  fodder.  We  rest  this  belief  on  the  indications  of  experiments,  and 
on  the  experience  of  practical  farmers,  and  not  on  Way's  hypothesis  in  regard  to  the  absorption  of 
silica  as  an  ammonia-silicate. 

But  if  that  hypothesis  is  correct,  it  follows,  as  a  matter  of  course,  that  the  plants  we  have  named, 
and  all  others  having  silicious  stems  and  stalks,  belong  to  this  class,  and  their  growth  involves  a  great 
loss  of  ammonia  to  the  farm. 

On  the  other  hand,  Mr.  Lawes's  experiments  on  clover,  beans,  peas,  and  tares,  indicate  that  there 
is  no  loss  of  ammonia  during  the  growth  of  these  plants.  If  we  apply  fifty  pounds  of  ammonia  to  a  crop 
of  wheat,  (which  is  equal  to  three  hundred  weight  of  the  best  Peruvian  guano,)  the  increased  growth  of 
the  wheat  and  straw  will  not  give  us  back  more  than  twenty  or  twenty-five  pounds  of  ammonia;  the 
remaining  twenty-five  or  thirty  pounds  has  been  evaporated  into  the  atmosphere.  If,  on  the  other  hand, 
we  apply  fifty  pounds  of  ammonia  to  clover  or  other  leguminous  plants,  or  to  turnips,  it  is  all,  or  nearly 
all,  retained.  There  is  little  or  no  loss. 

Ammonia,  or  nitrogen,  exists  in  all  soils,  but  usually  in  a  condition  unavailable  to  plants  except  in 
small  quantity.  If  it  existed  in  an  available  condition,  it  would  long  ago  have  been  washed  away;  but 
it  lies  there  inert  and  insoluble.  It  is  rendered  active  and  available  by  tillage.  Hence  the  advantages 
of  summer  fallows  on  clay  soils.  Such  soils  frequently  .abound  in  nitrogen  and  other  elements  of  plants, 
but  they  arc  in  an  insoluble  condition.  The  soil  is  so  compact  that  light,  heat  and  air — the  three 
grand  agents  of  decomposition — are  excluded,  and  it  is  only  by  tillage — by  stirring  the  soil,  by  exposing 
it  io  the  sun,  and  letting  in  the  air— that  these  inert  substances  can  be  rendered  available  as  food  for 
plants. 

On  light  and  sandy  soils,  which  admit  the  air  more  readily,  there  is  not  that  accumulation  of 
organic  matter  and  other  food  of  plants  which  exists  in  the  clays,  and  consequently  mere  tillage  is  not 
so  beneficial. 

Ammonia  and  nitric  acid  (which  probably  has  the  same  effect  as  ammonia)  exist  in  the  atmos 
phere.  A  well-pulverized  soil,  especially  of  a  somewhat  clayey  nature,  attracts  ammonia  from  the  air 
and  retains  it.  And  here  we  may  allude  to  one  of  the  most  important  discoveries  which  have  been 
made  in  scientific  agriculture  during  the  past  ten  years.  Professor  Way,  at  the  time  chemist  to  the 
Royal  Agricultural  Society  of  England,  made  a  series  of  investigations  on  what  has  since  been  called 
the  "absorptive  powers  of  soils,"  which  resulted  in  throwing  new  light  on  the  processes  of  vegetable 
nutrition,  and  opening  up  a  new  field  for  future  investigations,  which  have  since  been  made,  in  regard 
to  the  manner  in  which  plants  take  up  food  from  the  soil  through  their  roots.  In  the  course  of  these 
investigations  he  found  that  ordinary  soils  possessed  the  power  of  separating  from  solution  in  water  the 
different  earthy  and  alkaline  substances  presented  to  them  in  manure.  Thus,  when  solutions  of  salts 
of  ammonia,  of  potash,  magnesia,  &c.,  were  made  to  filter  slowly  through  a  bed  of  dry  soil  five  or  six 
inches  deep,  arranged  in  some  suitable  vessel,  it  was  observed  that  the  liquid  which  ran  through  no 


xxxviii  INTRODUCTION. 

longer  contained  any  of  the  ammonia,  or  other  salt  employe:!.     The  soil  had,  in  some  form  or  other, 
retained  the  alkaline  substance,  while  the  water  in  which  it  was  previously  dissolved  passed  through. 

Further,  (his  power  of  the  soil  was  found  not  to  extend  to  the  whole  salt  of  ammonia  or  potash, 
but  only  to  the  alkali  itself.  If,  for  instance,  sulphate  of  ammonia  was  the  compound  used  in  the 
experiments,  the  ammonia  would  be  removed  from  solution,  but  the  filtered  liquid  would  contain 
sulphuric  acid  in  abundance,  not  in  the  free  or  uncombincd  form,  but  united  to  lime;  instead  of 
sulphate  of  ammonia,  we  should  find  sulphate  of  lime  in  the  solution;  and  this  result  was  obtained, 
whatever  the  acid  or  the  salt  experimented  upon  might  be.  It  was  found,  moreover,  that  the  process 
of  filtration  was  by  no  means  necessary;  by  the  mere  mixing  of  an  alkaline  solution  wilh  a  proper 
quantity  of  soil,  as  by  shaking  them  together  in  a  bottle,  and  allowing  the  soil  to  subside,  the  same 
result  was  obtained.  The  action,  therefore,  \vas  in  no  way  referable  to  any  physical  law  brought  into 
operation  by  the  process  of  filtration. 

It  was  also  found  that  the  combination  between  the  soil  and  the  alkaline  substance  was  rapid,  if  not 
instantaneous,  partaking,  therefore,  of  the  nature  of  the  ordinary  union  between  an  acid  and  an  alkali. 

In  the  course  of  these  experiments  several  different  soils  were  operated  upon,  and  it  was  found 
that  all  soils  capable  of  profitable  cultivation  possessed  the  property  in  question  in  a  greater  or  less 
degree.  Pure  sand,  it  was  found,  did  not  possess  this  property.  The  organic  matter  of  the  soil,  it 
was  proved,  had  nothing  to  do  with  it.  The  addition  of  carbonate  of  lime  to  a  soil  did  not  increase  its 
absorptive  power,  and,  indeed,  it  was  found  that  a  soil  in  which  carbonate  of  lime  did  not  exist  possessed 
in  a  high  degree  the  power  of  removing  ammonia  or  potash  from  solution. 

To  what,  then,  is  the  power  of  soils  to  arrest  ammonia,  potash,  magnesia,  phosphoric  acid,  &c., 
owing  I  The  above  experiments  lead  to  the  conclusion  that  it  is  due  to  the  clay  which  they  contain. 
In  (he  language  of  Professor  Way,  however,  "  It  still  remained  to  be  considered,  whether  the  whole  clay 
took  any  active  part  in  these  changes,  or  whether  there  existed  in  clay  some  chemical  compound  in 
small  quantity  to  which  the  action  was  due.  This  question  was  to  be  decided  by  the  extent  to  which 
clay  was  able  to  unite  with  ammonia  or  other  alkaline  basis,  and  it  soon  became  evident  that  the  idea 
of  the  clay,  as  a  whole,  being  the  cause  of  the  absorptive  property  was  inconsistent  with  all  the  ascer 
tained  laws  of  chemical  combination." 

Alter  a  scries  of  experiments,  Professor  Way  came  to  the  conclusion  that  there  is  in  clays  a  peculiar 
class  of  double  silicates  to  which  the  absorptive  properties  of  soils  arc  due.  He  found  that  the  double 
silicate  of  alumina  and  lime,  or  soda,  whether  found  naturally  in  sails  or  produced  artificially,  would 
be  decomposed  when  a  salt  of  ammonia,  or  potash,  &c.,  was  mixed  with  it,  the  ammonia  or  potash 
taking  the  place  of  the  lime  or  soda.  Professor  Way's  "discovery,"  then,  is,  not  that  soils  have  "absorp 
tive  properties''  that  have  long  been  known,  but  that  they  absorb  ammonia,  potash,  phosphoric  acid, 
&c.,  by  virtue  of  the  double  silicate  of  alumina  and  soda,  or  lime,  &c.,  which  they  contain. 

Soils  are  also  found  to  have  the  power  of  absorbing  ammonia,  or  rather  carbonate  of  ammonia,  from 
the  air. 

"It  has  long  been  known,"  says  Professor  Way,  "that  soils  acquire  fertility  by  exposure  to  the 
influence  of  the  atmosphere,  hence  one  of  the  uses  of  fallows.  *  I  find  that  clay 

is  so  greedy  of  ammonia,  that  if  air  charged  with  carbonate  of  ammonia,  so  as  to  be  highly  pungent,  is 
passed  through  a  tube  filled  with  small  fragments  of  dry  clay,  every  particle  of  gas  is  arrested." 

This  power  of  the  soil  to  absorb  ammonia  is  also  due  to  the  double  silicates.  But  there  is  this 
remarkable  difference,  that  while  either  the  lime,  soda,  or  potash  silicate  is  capable  of  removing  the 
ammonia  from  solution,  the  lime  silicate  alone  has  the  power  of  absorbing  it  from  the  air. 

We  have  not  the  space  to  enter  into  the  details  of  these  investigations,  or  to  point  out  their  bearing 
on  practical  agriculture.  Suffice  it  to  say  that  a  wrcll- cultivated  soil  has  the  power  of  absorbing  from 
the  atmosphere  a  considerable  quantity  of  ammonia.  We  will  suppose  that  the  soil,  by  the  decomposi 
tion  of  its  organic  matter,  and  its  power  of  attracting  ammonia  from  the  atmosphere,  and  from  rain  and 
dew,  receives  annually  fifty  pounds  of  ammonia.  If  we  grow  a  crop  of  wheat,  barley,  oats,  rye,  or  Indian 
c-nrn.  from  twenty  to  thirty  pounds  of  this  ammonia  is  evaporated  into  the  atmosphere  during  the  growth 


INTRODUCTION.  xxxix 

of  the  plants,  and  is  lost  to  the  farm.  If,  on  the  other  hand,  we  grow  clover,  beans,  peas,  tares,  or  turnips, 
the  whole  of  this  fifty  pounds  is  organized  in  the  crop,  provided  there  is  sufficient  available  mineral  mat 
ter  in  the  soil;  and  if  the  crop  is  ploughed  u ruler,  or  consumed  by  animals  on  the  farm,  the  whole  fifty 
pounds  of  ammonia,  or  nearly  so,  will  be  retained  for  the  use  of  the  subsequent  cereal  crops. 

We  have  not  space  to  dwell  on  this  important  difference  in  the  two  classes  of  plants  here  desig 
nated,  one  of  which  (clover,  &c.,)  retains  all  the  ammonia  received  from  the  soil  and  the  atmosphere, 
while  the  other  class  (the  cereals)  dissipate  it  into  the  atmosphere  during  their  growth.  A  correct  appli 
cation  of  this  fact  forms  the  key  to  good  farming. 

We  must  grow  more  green  crops  and  a  less  breadth  of  cereals. 

M.  Lconce  de  Lavergne,  an  eminent  French  writer,  in  his  work  on  the  Rural  Economy  of  England, 
Scotland,  and  Ireland,  deduces  the  same  law  from  his  observations  of  the  astonishing  results  of  the  English 
system  of  rotation,  though  without  offering  any  satisfactory  explanation  of  its  rationale.  Speaking  of 
England,  he  says:  "That  small  country,  which  is  no  larger  than  a  fourth  of  France,  alone  produces  one 
hundred  and  four  millions  of  bushels  of  wheat,  forty-eighty  millions  of  barley,  and  ninety  millions  of 
oats.  If  France  produced  in  the  same  ratio,  her  yield  would  be  four  hundred  millions  of  bushels  of 
wheat,  five  hundred  and  sixty  millions  of  bushels  of  barley,  oats,  and  other  grain,  equal  to  at  least  double 
her  present  productions;  and  we  ought  to  obtain  more,  considering  the  nature  of  our  soil  and  climate, 
both  much  more  favorable  to  cereals  than  the  soil  and  climate  of  England.  These  facts  verify  this 
agricultural  law,  that,  to  reap  largely  of  cereals,  it  is  better  to  reduce  than  to  extend  the  breadth  of  land 
sown,  and  that  by  giving  the  greatest  space  to  the  forage  crops,  not  only  is  a  greater  quantity  of  butcher's 
meat,  milk,  and  wool  obtained,  but  a  larger  production  of  grain.  France  will  achieve  similar  results 
when  she  has  covered  her  immense  fallows  with  root  and  forage  crops,  and  reduced  the  breadth  of  her 
cereals  by  several  millions  of  hectares." 

This  is  true.  English  farmers,  guided  by  close  observ.ation  and  experience,  have  slowly  worked  out 
an  admirable  system  of  rotation,  and  now  scientific  investigations  have  elucidated  the  principles  upon  which 
it  is  founded.  We  may  not  be  able  at  present  to  pursue  generally  the  same  system  of  rotation  in  this 
country,  but  the  principles  are  as  applicable  here  as  there,  and,  if  adopted,  will  produce  the  same 
beneficial  results. 

The  application  of  plaster,  ashes,  superphosphate  of  lime,  and  other  mineral  manures,  has  rarely  any- 
great  effect  on  the  growth  of  the  cereals  ;  but  superphosphate  of  lime  has  an  almost  magical  effect  on 
turnips,  and  plaster  usually  increases  the  growth  of  clover,  so  that  these  mineral  manures,  when  applied 
to  these  crops,  may  be  rendered,  indirectly,  of  great  benefit  to  the  cereals. 

An  English  farmer  once  said  to  the  writer,  "  Insure  me  a  good  crop  of  turnips,  and  I  will  insure 
you  a  good  crop  of  barley,  and  of  every  other  crop  in  the  rotation."  Of  so  much  value  do  British  farmers 
consider  the  turnip  crop  as  a  means  of  enriching  the  soil  for  the  growth  of  the  cereal  grains,  that  they 
spend  more  money  in  preparing  the  soil  for  turnips  than  for  any  other  crop,  frequently  fifty  dollars  per 
acre.  The  turnip  crop  has  justly  been  termed  the  "  sheet  anchor  "  of  British  agriculture.  It  enables 
the  farmer  to  keep  an  immense  stock  of  sheep  and  cattle,  and  thus  enrich  the  soil ;  the  ammonia  which 
turnips  obtain  from  the  soil,  the  rain,  and  the  atmosphere  being  retained  and  left  on  the  farm  for  the 
use  of  the  following  cereal  crops.  In  the  Norfolk  or  four-course  system  of  rotation,  one-fourth  of  the 
arable  land  is  sown  to  turnips,  followed  by  barley,  seeded  with  clover.  It  then  lies  one  or  two  years 
in  clover,  followed  by  wheat  at  one  furrow.  After  the  wheat,  turnips  again  follow,  and  so  on  as  before. 
Latterly,  by  the  use  of  superphosphate  and  guano  for  turnips,  and  by  feeding  large  quantities  of  oil-cake 
and  other  purchased  cattle  food,  the  land  has  become  so  rich  that  many  farmers  have  thought  it  necessary 
to  introduce  an  extra  grain  crop  into  the  rotation,  in  order  to  reduce  the  soil.  But  hitherto  the  rule 
has  been  never  to  take  two  grain  crops  in  succession. 

How  different  from  this  is  the  practice  of  some  of  our  American  farmers  !  Corn,  barley,  and  wheat 
often  follow  each  other  in  succession ;  then  seed  down  with  timothy,  red-top,  or  some  other  exhausting 


xl  INTRODUCTION. 

grass  ;  take  off  all  the  hay  and  then  renew  the  process.  To  call  this  a  "  rotation  of  crops  "  is  absurd 
We  might  as  well  grow  a  crop  of  Indian  corn  every  year. 

We  must  alternate  the  cereals  with  crops  of  clover,  peas,  beans,  tares,  and  other  leguminous  plants,  or 
turnips ;  feed them  out  on  the  farm,  and  carefully  save  and  return  tJie  manure  to  the  soil. 

In  determining  which  crop  to  raise-  for  feeding  on  the  farm,  we  must  not  merely  ask  the  simple 
question,  "Which  crop  will  afford  the  most  nutritious  matter?"  but,  "Which  will  ultimately  be  most 
profitable,  taking  into  consideration  the  effect  of  its  growth  on  the  soil,  its  value  as  food,  and  the  value 
of  the  manure  made  by  its  consumption  on  the  farm?"  All  will  admit  that  to  grow  wheat  to  be  fed 
to  animals  for  the  purpose  of  enriching  the  farm  as  the  primary  object  would  be  a  wasteful  practice, 
no  matter  how  low  a  price  it  brought  in  market;  and  to  grow  barley,  oats,  rye,  and  Indian  corn  for  the 
same  object  is  wasteful  also,  though  perhaps  in  a  less  degree. 

In  order  to  enrich  the  soil  for  the  growth  of  the  cereals,  therefore,  we  must  grow  those  plants 
which  do  not  dissipate  ammonia.  We  must  feed  them  on  the  farm  to  stock;  and  if  we  use  an v  grain, 
or  purchased  cattle  food,  it  should  be  such,  other  tilings  being  equal,  as  contains  the  most  nitrogen  for 
the  value  of  the  manure;  the  quantity  of  ammonia  it  contains  will  be  in  proportion  to  the  richness  of 
the  food  in  nitrogen.  Many  fanners  think  manure  is  manure,  no  matter  how  it  is  produced.  If  the 
dements  which  maJ;c  rich  manure  are  not  in  the  food  they  will  not  be  found  in  the  manure,  however  care 
fully  it  is  preserved  or  composted. 

Horses  fed  on  licrdsgrass  and  oats  might  do  more  work,  but  their  droppings  would  not  be  as 
valuable  as  though  they  were  fed  on  clover-hay  and  peas,  for  the  reason  that  peas  contain  twice  as 
much  nitrogen  as  oats,  and  the  clover  much  more  than  the  herdsgrass. 

In  determining  which  food  to  use,  both  these  facts  must  be  taken  into  consideration.  In  regard 
to  feeding  sheep,  however,  there  is  no  drawback  to  the  use  of  clover.  Sheep  do  better  on  clover-hay  than 
on  any  other,  and  it  would  be  the  height  of  folly  to  grow  herdsgrass,  rye,  grass,  or  red-top,  or  any  of 
the  natural  grasses,  for  the  purpose  of  feeding  sheep.  Clover  impoverishes  the  soil  less  than  the  grasses; 
it  contains  more  nitrogen,  is  at  least  equally  fattening,  and  makes  richer  manure.  The  same  may  be 
said  of  peas  and  beans,  as  compared  to  oats,  barley,  rye,  or  corn.  They  impoverish  the  soil  less,  contain 
twice  as  much  nitrogen,  are  equally  fattening  when  judiciously  used,  and  afford  much  more  valuable 
manure.  The  same  is  true  of  oil-cake.  It  is  quite  as  fattening  as  corn,  and  makes  far  better  manure. 

Whatever  we  do  in  raising  crops,  in  fattening  stock  or  purchasing  cattle  foods,  let  our  object  be  to 
accumulate  ammonia  for  the  growth  of  the  cereals,  and  their  yield  will  be  soon  greatly  augmented. 

To  avoid  the  midge,  it  is  essential  to  get  wheat  in  early.  To  attain  this  result,  the  land  must  be 
naturally  or  artificially  drained.  This  is  the  first  requisite,  without  which  all  others  will  fail.  The 
best  of  tillage,  manures,  culture,  and  seed  will  be  of  little  avail  if  the  soil  requires  under-draining. 

Other  things  being  equal,  wheat  will  be  at  least  ten  days  earlier  on  land  that  is  thoroughly  under- 
drained  than  on  that  which  needs  draining ;  and  it  is  a  well-known  fact,  that  if  we  could  get  our  wheat 
into  llowcr  ten  days  earlier  than  usual  we  should  avoid  the  midge. 

Early  sowing  of  late  years  has  been  very  generally  adopted  as  a  means  of  getting  wheat  earlier ; 
but  in  sowing  too  early  there  is  danger  from  the  Hessian  ily.  This  insect  deposits  its  eggs  in  the 
young  wheat  in  autumn,  and  early-sown  wheat  is  more  liable  to  injury  than  that  which  is  sown  later. 
In  the  wheat-growing  section  of  New  York  the  time  for  sowing  winter  wheat  is  from  the  first  to  the 
twentieth  of  September.  Formerly  it  was  sown  as  late  as  the  twenty-fifth  of  September,  or,  in  some 
instances,  as  late  as  the  first  of  October;  but,  since  the  advent  of  the  midge,  such  late  sowing  has  been 
abandoned.  If  the  land  is  in  high  condition  and  well  drained,  from  the  tenth  to  the  twentieth  of 
September  is,  perhaps,  the  best  time  to  seed.  Sown  at  this  time,  we  stand  a  fair  chance  of  steering 
between  the  two  great  pests  of  the  wheat-grower.  If  we  sow  earlier,  we  run  additional  risk  from  the 
Hessian  tly;  and  if  later,  the  midge  will  almost  certainly  destroy  the  crop. 

The  land  being  well  drained,  enriched,  and  properly  prepared  in  good  season,  the  next  important 
point  is  the  variety  of  wheat  to  sow.  To  avoid  the  midge,  it  must  come  into  flower  early.  The  variety 


INTRODUCTION.  xli 

most  extensively  grown  in  New  York  and  Pennsylvania  since  the  advent  of  the  midge  is  the  Mediter 
ranean.  It  is  a  red  wheat,  originally  of  inferior  quality,  but  much  improved  of  late  years  by  sowing  in 
good  early-wheat  soil.  Of  white  wheat  the  Soules  is  most  extensively  grown.  It  is,  with  the  exception 
of  the  Boughton  wheat,  one  of  the  earliest  white  varieties  yet  generally  introduced.  The  Boughton 
wheat  is  extensively  grown  in  Maryland  and  Virginia.  It  is  from  two  to  three  weeks  earlier  than  the 
Soules,  and  has  been  introduced  into  New  York  in  the  hope  that  its  early  maturity  will  protect  it 
from  the  midge.  This  subject  of  getting  an  early  variety  of  white  wheat  is  attracting  much  attention, 
and  there  can  be  little  doubt  we  shall  be  able  to  obtain  a  variety  that  will  be  early  enough  to  escape 
the  midge. 

Wlieat- growing  in  tlie  west. — The  increased  production  of  wheat  in  the  western  States  in  propor 
tion  to  population  has  been  most  gratifying.  Greatly  as  the  means  of  transportation  have  increased, 
they  have  not  kept  pace  with  the  increase  in  production.  The  navigation  of  the  Mississippi  becoming 
closed  as  a  result  of  the  present  civil  war,  it  was  impossible  to  transport  the  large  crops  of  the  west 
to  the  Atlantic  markets.  Freight  rose  to  such  an  extent  that  it  cost  more  than  Jive  times  as  much  to 
transport  a  bushel  of  wheat  from  Iowa  to  New  York  as  the  farmer  received  for  it.  The  crops  were 
sold  at  prices  ruinous  to  the  producer. 

As  the  war  continued,  however,  and  as  our  western  army  advanced  south,  a  demand  for  agricul 
tural  produce  was  created  which  gave  buoyancy  to  prices,  and  at  the  present  time  (1864)  the  western 
farmer  obtains  nearly  as  much  for  his  produce  as  the  farmers  of  the  middle  States. 

The  effect  on  wheat,  however,  has  been  less  marked  than  on  oats,  corn,  hay,  and  other  articles 
largely  consumed  by  the  army.     The  price  of  wheat  is  relatively  lower  than  that  of  any  other  produce 
So  long  as  we  continue  to  export  wheat  to  Europe,  the  price  will  be  regulated  by  the  foreign  markets, 
and  the  cost  of  sending  it  there.     The  bountiful  wheat-harvest  of  1863  in  Great  Britain  and  France, 
reduced  prices  so  low  that  English  farmers  found  wheat  one  of  the  cheapest  grains  they  could  feed  to 
their  stock.    Had  it  not  been  for  the  high  premium  on  gold,  the  price  of  wheat  in  this  country,  and  espe 
cially  at  the  west,  would  have  been  less  than  the  cost  of  production;  as  it  is,  the  advance  in  gold  has 
served  to  increase  prices  in  the  west  much  more  in  proportion  than  in  the  eastern  and  middle  States 
For  instance,  if  a  bushel  of  American  wheat  sells  at  Si  25  in  London,  and  the  cost  of  sending  it  from 
Iowa  is  $1,  the  Iowa  farmer,  with  gold  at  par,  receives  only  twenty-five  cents  a  bushel  for  the  wheat. 

Should  gold  continue  at  82  50,  (the  price  at  the  present  writing,)  though  the  wheat  still  brings 
only  81  25  per  bushel  in  London,  and  the  cost  of  sending  it  there  should  be  81  a  bushel,  as  before,  the 
Iowa  farmer  would  receive  82  12  per  bushel  for  his  wheat,  instead  of  twenty-five  cents,  as  would  be 
the  case  if  gold  was  at  par.  The  wheat  is  sold  for  gold,  and  81  25  in  gold  sells  for  83  12  in  legal 
money.  Deduct  81  as  the  expense  of  sending  it  to  London,  and  we  have  82  12  as  the  price  which 
wheat  should  bring  in  Iowa.  In  other  words,  the  premium  on  gold  increases  the  price  of  wheat  in 
Iowa  eight-fold. 

On  the  same  basis,  the  farmer  in  New  York,  whose  wheat  costs  only  twenty-five  cents  a  bushel  to 
ship  to  London,  would  receive,  with  gold  at  par,  81  a  bushel;  and  with  gold  at  82  50,  as  before,  he 
would  receive  82  87. 

The  premium  on  gold,  which  advances  the  price  of  wheat  eight-fold  in  Iowa,  increases  it  less  than 
three-fold  in  New  York.  In  other  words,  the  increase  in  the  price  of  wheat  caused  by  the  premium  on 
gold  is  more  than  twice  as  great  in  the  west  as  in  the  eastern  and  middle  States. 

These  figures  are  not  intended  to  represent  the  actual  cost  of  sending  wheat  to  Europe,  but  are 
used  merely  to  illustrate  the  effect  on  prices  of  the  present  premium  on  gold.  There  can  be  no  doubt 
that  the  western  farmer  obtains  a  relatively  higher  price  for  his  produce,  owing  to  the  premium  on 
gold,  than  the  eastern  fanner. 

Of  course  any  conclusions  based  on  the  present  anomalous  condition  of  affairs  will  be  unsatis 
factory.  When  we  return  to  a  specie  basis,  it  would  seem  that  the  present  high  prices  of  produce  in 
the  west,  being  caused  by  the  premium  on  gold,  must  rapidly  fall. 

6 


xlii  INTRODUCTION. 

For  some  time  before  the  war  our  western  formers  were  beginning  to  complain  tnat  wheat- 
growing  was  not  profitable — that  the  cost  of  transportation  left  them  barely  enough  to  meet  the  cost 
of  production — and  it  was  argued  wisely,  as  we  think,  that  it  would  be  more  profitable  to  grow  less 
wheat,  and  raise  more  cattle,  pork,  wool,  &c.,  the  cost  of  transporting  which,  in  proportion  to  value,  is 
much  less  than  that  of  a  more  bulky  produce. 

When  things  return  to  their  natural  channel,  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  west  will  find  it 
more  profitable  to  produce  meat  and  wool,  than  to  grow  wheat.  It  was  so  for  some  years  previous  to 
the  war,  and  will  be  so  again  when  the  war  ends. 

In  the  mean  time  the  demand  for  wheat  and  other  grain,  induced  partly  by  the  increased  con 
sumption  caused  by  the  war,  and  the  decreased  production  caused  by  the  abstraction  of  labor  employed 
in  the  mechanic  arts  and  the  military  service,  will  for  some  years,  probably,  keep  prices  high  enough 
to  make  wheat-growing  at  the  west  exceedingly  profitable.  The  time  must  be  expected,  however, 
when  the  western  farmer  will  again  find  the  cost  of  sending  wheat  to  the  eastern  cities  and  to  Europe, 
so  high  as  to  leave  him  barely  margin  enough  to  pay  the  cost  of  production. 

The  western  farmer  for  a  year  or  two  has  been  receiving  high  prices  for  his  produce.  He  would 
do  well  fully  to  understand  the  causes  which  have  led  to  this  result.  They  are  by  no  means  permanent, 
and  as  long  as  we  continue  to  export  breadstuffs  to  Europe,  and  prices  remain  there  as  they  are  at 
present,  nothing  but  a  high  premium  on  gold  would  enable  us  to  command  high  prices  for  breadstuffs. 
When  we  return  to  specie  payments,  if  we  have  a  large  surplus  of  wheat  to  export.it  is  vain  to  expect, 
as  a  general  rule,  anything  like  present  prices  in  the  west. 

The  rapidity  with  which  manufactures  have  increased  in  the  west,  as  well  as  at  the  east,  render  it 
highly  probable  that  in  future  there  will  be  a  much  greater  home  demand  for  agricultural  products  of 
all  kinds,  than  existed  for  a  few  years  previous  to  the  war.  Some  of  the  largest  coal-fields  in  the  world 
exist  in  the  western  States,  while  iron  and  other  metals  are  found  there  in  great  abundance.  Every 
thing  is  favorable  for  building  up  a  great  manufacturing  interest.  Whatever  may  be  the  result  of  the 
war  in  other  respects,  it  seems  certain  that  the  price  of  manufactured  articles  must  also  continue  high. 
The  interest  on  our  national  debt,  and  the  increased  yearly  expenses  of  the  government,  will  require 
heavy  duties  on  foreign  manufactures;  and  this,  in  addition  to  the  heavy  expenses  of  transportation, 
will  give  the  manufacturers  in  the  west  all  the  protection  that  can  be  desired.  The  discovery  and 
development  of  the  immense  mineral  resources  of  our  western  Territories,  and  their  astonishing  rich 
ness  in  gold,  silver,  and  other  metals,  also  favor  the  idea  that  in  a  few  years  the  centre  of  population 
will  be  found  in  the  west,  whither  it  has  been  marching  with  steady  progress,  rather  than  in  the 
Atlantic  States.  Most  of  the  produce  which  is  now  sent  east  at  such  a  great  expense  will  be  con 
sumed  at  home,  and  the  farmers  of  the  interior  will  thus  obtain  a  more  equable  market  at  fair 
remunerative  prices. 

There  is,  perhaps,  no  one  fact  which  gives  a  clearer  idea  of  the  great  growth  of  the  west,  and  the 
increase  of  its  products,  than  the  amount  of  grain  which  is  shipped  each  year  from  Chicago.  In  1838 
seventy-eight  bushels  of  wheat  comprised  the  total  exports  from  what  has  since  become  the  greatest 
grain  market  in  the  world.  In  1839  it  was  3,078  bushels;  in  1840,  10,000  bushels;  in  1841,  40,000 
bushels;  in  1842.  586,907  bushels;  in  1845  it  first  reached  a  million  bushels;  in  1847  over  2,000,000 
bushels.  In  1851  and  1852  it  again  fell  off  to  less  than  a  million  bushels;  but  in  1853  again 
rose  to  1,680,998  bushels.  In  1854  it  was  2,744,860  bushels.  In  1855,  7,110,270  bushels;  in  1856, 
9,419,365  bushels;  in  1857,  10,783,292  bushels;  in  1858,10,759,359  bushels;  in  1860,  16,054,379 
bushels;  in  1861,  22,913,830  bushels;  in  1862,  22,902,765  bushels;  and  in  1863,  17,925,336  bushels 
of  wheat. 

Our  official  tables  show  that  there  were  173,104,924  bushels  of  wheat  raised  in  the  United  States 
in  the  year  1859.  In  that  year  we  exported  to  Great  Britain  only  295,248  bushels  of  wheat.  In 
other  words,  out  of  every  thousand  bushels  produced,  we  exported  to  Great  Britain  less  than  one  and 
three-fourths  bushels.  In  1860  our  exports  of  wheat  amounted  to  11,995,080  bushels,  or,  assuming  thai 


INTRODUCTION.  xliii 

no  more  was  raised  that  year  than  in  1859,  over  seventy  bushels  in  each  one  thousand  produced.  In 
18G1  and  18G2  the  exports  were  even  still  greater — greater  by  far  than  ever  before  Unown,  being 
20,061,952  and  29,798,160  respectively— falling  down  in  1863  to  1G,OG9,6G4  The  closing  of  the 
Mississippi,  and  the  loss  of  the  southern  trade,  caused  by  the  rebellion,  together  with  the  comparative 
failure  of  the  wheat  crop  in  Great  Britain,  accounts  for  this  large  increase  in  our  foreign  exports. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  west,  directly  or  indirectly,  is  the  source  of  all  the  wheat  that  is 
exported  from  the  United  States,  and  this  in  addition  to  supplying  New  England  with  breadstufFs. 
Under  these  circumstances,  or  such  as  arc  likely  to  exist,  shall  we  continue  to  export  wheat? 

This  question  has  been  raised  both  in  Europe  and  in  this  country.  The  question  is  not  whether 
the  western  States  can  raise  more  than  enough  for  home  consumption.  There  can  be  no  doubt  on  this 
point.  But  New  England  and  the  middle  States  are  increasing  in  population,  while  their  production  of 
wheat  is  declining.  Can  the  west  supply  this  increased  demand  and  growing  deficiency  of  the  New 
England  and  middle  States,  besides  supplying  the  rapidly  increasing  home  demand,  and  have  a  surplus 
left  to  export  to  foreign  countries  ?  Had  the  country  continued  united  and  prosperous,  had  the  west 
continued  to  develop  her  rich  agricultural  resources  with  the  rapidity  of  the  last  ten  years,  there  can  be 
little  doubt  that  we  should  have  continued  for  a  considerable  time  at  least  to  export  wheat;  but,  with 
the  increased  demand  caused  by  the  war,  with  the  abstraction  of  labor  from  agricultural  pursuits,  and 
the  stimulus  given  to  manufactures,  it  is  a  question  not  so  easily  answered,  whether  we  shall,  for  a  few 
years  to  come,  continue  to  produce  a  surplus.  Much  depends  on  the  middle  States,  to  the  productive 
ness  whereof  very  slight  improvement  in  our  system  of  agriculture  would  add  greatly. 

There  is  no  reason  why  the  middle  States  should  not  raise  wheat  as  abundantly  as  in  past  years. 
While  the  aggregate  production  of  wheat  has  greatly  decreased,  there  are  farmers  in  every  county  who, 
by  a  judicious  system  of  cultivation,  raise  as  much  wheat  as  at  any  former  period.  Let  this  improved 
system  of  farming  become  general,  and  the  middle  States  would  soon  become  large  exporters  of  wheat, 
unless  the  stimulus  given  to  manufactures  shall  greatly  increase  the  home  demand.  Farmers  are  now 
receiving  better  prices  for  their  produce  than  at  any  former  period,  and  this  is  favorable  to  the  intro 
duction  of  improved  systems  of  cultivation.  "With  prices  as  low  as  they  have  ruled  from  1850  to  1860, 
it  was  not  clear  whether  farmers  in  the  middle  States  could  afford  to  underdraw,  manure,  and  cultivate 
their  land  to  that  extent  which  is  necessary  for  the  production  of  large  crops.  This  has  been  done  in 
individual  cases  with  much  profit,  but  still  the  great  majority  of  farmers  could  not  see  their  way  clear 
in  expending  so  much  capital,  and,  indeed,  it  must  be  confessed  that  it  is  not  easy  to  show  how  high 
farming  can  be  made  profitable  with  low  prices.  All  this  for  the  present,  however,  is  now  changed. 
Prices  have  increased  to  a  figure  never  before  reached  in  this  country.  Everything  that  the  farmer 
can  raise,  is  in  demand  at  rates  which  are  highly  remunerative.  This  demand  and  high  prices  cannot 
fail  to  stimulate  farmers  to  put  forth  every  energy  to  increase  their  crops.  A  higher  system  of  culture 
will  be  introduced,  and,  when  once  adopted  and  found  profitable,  will  be  continued,  even  though  prices 
should  fall  to  the  old  standard. 

There  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  war  is  destined  to  make  great  changes  in  our  agriculture. 
Fanning  never  was  so  remunerative  as  at  the  present  time.  Hitherto,  while  the  profits  have  been 
generally  steady  and  sure,  they  have  not  been  large,  and  the  best  talent  of  the  country  found  greater 
attraction  in  other  pursuits. 

As  a  people  we  have  been  distinguished  for  our  material  prosperity.  "  Labor  is  wealth/'  and  this 
has  poured  in  upon  us  from  every  country  in  Europe.  This  labor,  directed  by  men  of  superior  educa 
tion  and  enterprise,  has  developed  the  vast  resources  of  the  country  to  an  extent  without  a  parallel  in 
history.  We  had  enjoyed  a  long  period  of  peace.  The  expenses  of  the  government  were  but  little, 
people  were  active,  industrious,  intelligent,  and  enterprising.  No  wonder  we  became  wealthy.  But 
did  our  gains  favor  agricultural  improvement  ?  We  think  not,  materially.  Being  rich,  with  none  of 
those  social  distinctions  which  in  Europe  are  kept  up  at  such  great  cost,  our  wealth  has  been  expended 
in  luxuries.  The  result  was,  that  those  who  contributed  to  our  pleasures  and  the  gratification  of  our 


xliv  INTRODUCTION. 

tastes  were  more  in  demand  and  received  a  higher  compensation  than  those  who  furnished  the  mere 
necessaries  of  life.  The  war  will,  in  the  end,  make  us  poorer  and  more  economical,  and  the  time  must 
sooner  or  later  arrive  when  we  shall  have  less  to  spend  in  mere  luxuries ;  and  those  who  furnish  the 
necessaries  of  life  will  receive  a  higher  consideration  and  better  compensation.  The  importance  of 
agriculture  will  be  realized,  and  will  attract  the  best  minds  of  the  country,  and  vast  improvements 
rapidly  follow,  succeeded  by  enlarged  production.  This  great  change,  however,  will  not  be  brought 
about  at  once.  It  will  require  time  to  introduce  an  improved  system  of  agriculture  and  to  materially 
increase  the  productiveness  of  our  farms. 

In  the  mean  time,  it  is  highly  probable  that  our  exportation  of  breadstuffs  to  Europe  will  be 
materially  lessened,  unless  a  European  war  should  greatly  enhance  prices.  It  is,  however,  to  an 
increased  home  consumption  that  we  look  for  those  higher  prices  that  will  give  that  stimulus  to  American 
agriculture  it  has  hitherto  needed.  As  long  as  we  continue  to  export  wheat,  no  matter  to  how  small 
an  extent,  the  price  in  Europe  will  regulate  the  price  in  this  country. 

The  price  obtained  in  England  for  the  295,241  bushels  of  wheat  which  we  exported  in  1859 
determined  the  price  of  our  whole  crop  of  over  173,000,000  of  bushels  raised  that  year.  The  price  of 
the  one  and  three-fourths  bushel  exported  fixed  the  price  of  the  thousand  bushels  consumed  at  home. 
If,  for  a  few  years,  the  price  of  grain  in  this  country  is  determined  not  by  what  it  will  bring  when 
shipped  to  Europe,  but  by  the  price  at  which  Europe  can  furnish  it  to  us  here,  and  if  we  are  compelled 
to  forego  some  of  the  European  luxuries  which  have  of  late  years  absorbed  such  a  large  proportion  of 
our  wealth,  it  will  be  no  great  misfortune  to  us  as  a  people. 

For  the  following  remarks  on  wheat  culture  in  California  we  are  indebted  to  ex-Governor  Downey 
to  whom  we  are  under  great  obligations  for  other  important  statements : 

"  Tims  far  in  our  history  the  wheat  crop  is  next  in  importance  to  our  product  of  the  precious  metals ;  yielding  an  abundant 
supply  for  home  consumption,  and  a  large  surplus  for  exportation.  All  of  our  valleys  north  of  the  Salinas  plains,  in  Monterey 
county,  are  admirably  adapted  to  the  production  of  this  great  staple,  yielding  from  30  to  60  bushels  to  the  acre,  and  generally 
exempt  from  all  diseases  that  affect  and  annoy  the  farmer  in  the  Atlantic  and  Mississippi  States.  Our  virgin  soil  as  yet  requires 
neither  fallowing  nor  manuring,  but  year  after  year  yields  from  the  same  field  its  heaps  of  golden  grain.  From  the  bay  of 
Monterey  to  the  head  of  Kussian  river,  an  extent  of  250  miles,  is  one  vast  wheat  field.  Barley  and  oats  are  produced  in  great 
abundance,  but  their  export  demand  is  limited.  The  wild  oats,  which  is  fully  as  luxuriant  as  the  cultivated,  is  one  of  our  most 
important  grasses,  and,  cut  while  the  grain  is  in  its  lactescent  condition,  is  considered  the  best  hay  in  the  world.  From  the  10th 
of  May  until  the  1st  of  November  the  farmer  expects  no  rain.  He  therefore  cuts,  threshes,  and  sacks  on  the  same  field,  and 
houses  in  a  sound  and  perfect  condition,  rendering  it  perfectly  safe  for  the  mill  or  the  longest  voyage." 

THE  QUALITY  OF  OUR  WHEAT. 

High  quality  in  wheat  can  only  be  obtained  where  there  is  sufficient  heat  in  summer  for  its  per 
fect  elaboration.  There  is  nothing  that  will  take  the  place  of  sunshine.  In  this  respect  the  climate 
of  the  United  States  is  far  better  for  the  production  of  wheat  of  high  quality,  than  that  of  Great  Britain. 

The  best  wheat  years  in  England  are  the  dryest  and  hottest.  The  year  1863,  with  its  great  heat, 
was  the  best  wheat  season  ever  known  in  England.  The  crop  was  never  before  so  large,  or  the  quality 
so  good.  The  heat  of  the  summer  months  approximated  closely  to  that  of  this  country.  With  "  high 
farming  "  there  is  nothing  which  the  English  wheat-grower  dreads  so  much  as  a  cold,  moist  summer. 
Could  he  be  always  sure  of  an  American  summer  he  could  calculate  on  obtaining  an  average  yield  of 
not  less  than  forty  bushels  per  acre,  and  of  the  highest  quality.  But  should  he  make  his  land  rich  enough 
to  produce  a  heavy  crop  in  a  dry  season,  and  a  cool,  moist  summer  should  ensue,  his  wheat  would  be  all 
laid  and  not  yield  half  a  crop.  So  far  as  the  summer  climate  is  concerned,  therefore,  the  American 
wheat-grower  has  everything  that  he  can  desire.  Ours  is  the  climate  for  "  high  farming." 

The  severity  of  the  winters,  and  cold,  late,  wet  springs,  followed  suddenly  by  dry,  hot  summers,  are 
the  chief  drawbacks  to  our  American  climate ;  but  their  injurious  effects  can  easily  be  guarded  against. 
All  that  we  need  is  good  farming.  The  land  must  be  drained,  well  cultivated,  properly  enriched,  and 
sown  with  a  variety  that  matures  early,  and  the  result  will  be  all  that  can  be  desired.  In  moist  lands, 


INTRODUCTION.  xlv 

especially,  the  roots  of  grain  which  are  not  well  protected  by  a  healthy  growth  in  aulumn  are  very  sure, 
by  the  upheaving  of  the  ground,  to  be  broken  and  exposed  to  a  killing  cold  in  winter.  This  is  inevitable 
in  long-cultivated  and  moist  lands.  In  new  soils,  rendered  light  and  porous  by  the  remains  of  vegetable 
matter,  late  sowing  often  results  differently.  Underdraining  will  lengthen  the  season  at  least  two  weeks 
in  autumn  and  spring.  The  land  will  be  drier  and  warmer  in  spring  and  fall,  and  cooler  and  more  moist 
during  the  summer  months.  The  wheat,  on  thoroughly  undcrdrained,  well-cultivated,  and  enriched 
land,  will  make  a  strong,  healthy  growth  in  autumn,  and  thus  be  enabled  to  protect  itself  ngainst  the 
rigors  of  our  severest  winters;  while  it  will  come  forward  rapidly  during  the  cool  spring  months,  and 
by  the  time  that  dry,  hot  weather  sets  in  the  plants  will  be  so  far  advanced,  and  so  full  of  sap,  that  all 
that  is  needed  is  for  the  crop  to  mature.  It  is  at  this  point  that  we  need  sufficient  sunshine  to  elaborate 
the  juices  of  the  plant  and  give  us  heat  of  high  quality;  and  it  is  just  here  that  the  American  climate 
is  so  far  superior  to  that  of  Great  Britain.  It  is  seldom,  indeed,  that  we  have  not  sun  enough  to  mature 
the  heaviest  crops  when  the  soil  and  culture  are  adapted  to  the  wheat  plant. 

While  it  is  true  that  the  American  fanner  is  highly  favored  in  regard  to  climate,  it  must  be 
acknowledged  that  the  average  quality  of  our  wheat  is  by  no  means  what  it  should  be.  In  New  York, 
Pennsylvania,  and  Ohio,  the  midge  has  driven  out  of  cultivation  some  of  the  best  varieties  of  white 
wheat,  and  their  place  has  been  occupied  by  the  red  Mediterranean  wheat,  which,  though  earlier,  is  of 
inferior  quality.  The  means  which  we  have  recommended  to  avoid  the  midge,  would  enable  us  to  grow 
better  varieties,  as  well  as  to  improve  their  quality. 

In  the  western  States  the  quality  of  the  wheat  has  greatly  improved ;  but  yet  it  is  by  no  means 
what  it  should  be.  More  care  in  cleaning  the  seed,  better  cultivation,  and  less  slovenly  harvesting, 
threshing,  and  cleaning,  would  add  greatly  to  the  quality  of  the  western  wheat  crop,  as  well  as  to  the 
profits  of  the  grower.  The  census  returns  do  not  show,  separately,  the  amount  of  winter  and  spring 
wheat.  In  many  sections  of  the  west,  spring  wheat  is  now  much  moi'e  extensively  grown  than  winter 
wheat,  and  the  quality  is,  of  course,  inferior  to  the  best  samples  of  the  latter.  Much  can  be  done,  and 
is  doing,  to  improve  the  quality  of  our  spring  wheat,  but  the  same  efforts  would  give  us  winter  wheat 
of  much  greater  excellence.  With  a  better  system  of  cultivation  at  the  west,  winter  wheat  will  take 
the  place  of  the  spring  variety. 

In  concluding  this  article,  it  may  not  be  out  of  place  to  suggest,  that  if  any  persons  should  be 
disposed,  from  what  we  have  written  respecting  the  consumption  of  wheat,  to  draw  parallels  with  the 
individual  consumption  in  other  countries,  they  should  not  overlook  the  extensive  use  made  of  maize 
(Indian  corn)  by  some  portions  of  our  people  with  whom  wheat  is  a  secondary  consideration  as  an 
article  of  diet. 


xlvi 


INTRODUCTION. 


INDIAN   CORN. 

Bushels  of  Indian  corn  produced  in  I860. 


STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

Alabama  ... 

33,  226,  282 

Pennsylvania 

28    106   821 

Arkansas  

17,  823,  58S 

Rhode  Island  •• 

461   497 

California  

510  708 

South  Carolina 

15  065  606 

Connecticut  

2,  059,  835 

Tennessee  

5~>  089  996 

Delaware  

3,  892,  337 

Texas  

16  500   702 

Florida              .          .  . 

2,  834,  391 

Vermont 

1   525  411 

Georgia  .          ..    . 

30,  776,  293 

Virginia.  .... 

38  319  999 

Illinois  

115,  174,  777 

Wisconsin  .      ... 

7  517  300 

Indiana             ....              . 

71,  588,  919 

Iowa  

42,  410,  686 

Total  States  

836,  404  593 

6   150  727 

Kentucky  

64,  043,633 

Louisiana  

16,  853,  745 

TERRITORIES 

Maine  

1,  546,  071 

Maryland  

13,  444,  922 

District  of  Columbia.  ... 

80  840 

2,  157,  063 

Dakotah 

20  269 

12,  444,  676 

Nebraska  .... 

1  482  080 

Minnesota  

2,  941,  952 

Nevada  .... 

460 

Mississippi  

29,  057,  682 

New  Mexico  

709  304 

Missouri  

72,  802,  157 

Utah  

90  482 

1,  414,  628 

\Vfl.sliino'ton  

4  712 

9  723,  336 

New  York  

20,061,049 

Total  Territories  

2  388  147 

North  Carolina 

30,  078,  564 

Ohio   .  .                                       

73,543,  190 

A  £r°Te£?a  te  .  . 

838  792  740 

Oregon   .          .            

76,  122 

The  production  of  Indian  corn  in  the  United  States  and  Territories,  according  to  the  census  of 
I860,  was  838,792,740  bushels.  It  is  difficult  to  fully  realize  the  magnitude  of  these  figures,  which  we 
can  only  appreciate  by  contemplating  them  in  connexion  with  the  aggregate  production  of  our  other 
great  staples.  With  this  object,  we  here  introduce  a  table  showing  the  production  of  wheat,  rye,  oats, 
barley,  buckwheat,  peas  and  beans,  in  1850  and  in  I860,  as  compared  with  the  production  of  Indian 
corn. 

Wheat,  rye,  oats,  barley,  buckwheat,  peas  and  beans,  raised  in  the  United  States  and  Territories  in  1850  and  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  Indian  corn. 


1850. 

Wheat 100,  485,  944  bushels. 

Bye 14,188,813 

Oats 146,584,179 

Barley 5,167,015 

Buckwheat 8,956,912 

Peas  and  beans ..  9,219,901 


Total 284,  602,  764 


1860. 
173,104,924    bushels. 

21,101,380 
172,  643, 185 

15,  825,  898 

17,571,818 

15,061,995 

415,  309,  200 


Indian  corn 592,071,  104 


838,792,740 


INTRODUCTION. 


xlvii 


It  will  be  seen  from  the  above  table  that  we  raise  nearly  five  bushels  of  Indian  corn  to  one  of  wheat, 
and  more  than  double  tfie  aggregate  production  of  wheat,  rye,  oats,  barley,  buckwheat,  peas,  and  beans. 
Such  was  also  the  case  in  1850.  It  will  be  seen,  however,  that  less  wheat  was  raised  in  1850  in  pro 
portion  to  Indian  corn  than  in  I860.  In  other  words,  vastly  as  the  production  of  Indian  corn  has 
increased  in  ten  years,  the  production  of  wheat  has  increased  in  still  greater  proportion. 

We  produce  more  bushels  of  oats  than  of  wheat,  but  in  proportion  to  Indian  corn  the  increase  is 
not  as  great  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850,  as  in  the  case  of  wheat. 

The  production  of  no  other  grain  has  increased  so  much  in  the  last  ten  years  as  barley.  It  will 
be  seen  that  we  produce  three  times  as  much  in  I860  as  in  1850,  while  the  production  of  Indian  corn 
has  not  quite  doubled. 

Buckwheat,  peas,  and  beans  have  also  greatly  increased,  but  only  a  fraction  more  than  Indian  corn. 

The  principal  corn-growing  States  are:  Illinois,  Missouri,  Ohio,  Indiana,  Kentucky,  Tennessee, 
Iowa,  Virginia,  Alabama,  Georgia,  North  Carolina,  Mississippi,  Pennsylvania,  and  New  York. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  Indian  corn  in  these  States  in  1860,  1850,  and  1840 

Production  of  Indian  corn  in  the  principal  corn-growing  States  in  1860,  1850,  and  1840. 


States. 

I860. 

1850. 

1840. 

115  174  777 

57  040  984 

22  034  211 

72,  892,  157 

36,214,537 

17  332,524 

Ohio        .   .          

73,543,190 

59  078  695 

33  668,  144 

71  588  919 

52  964  363 

28  155  887 

Kentucky  

04,043,033 

58,  672,  591 

39,  847,  120 

52  089  920 

52  276  223 

44  980  188 

42  410  080 

8  656,799 

1  400,241 

38  319  999 

35  254,319 

34  577  591 

33  220  282 

28,  754,  048 

20  947  004 

30  770  293 

30  080  099 

20  905  122 

North  Carolina  

30  078  504 

27,941,051 

23  893,703 

29  057  C82 

22,  446,  552 

13  101  237 

28  100  8°1 

19,8:55,214 

14  240  022 

°0  001  049 

17  858,400 

10  972  286 

Tennessee  Was  the  greatest  co'-a-producing  State  in  1840,  Ohio  in  1850,  and  Illinois  in  1860. 

Kentucky  was  the  second  greatest  corn-producing  State  in  1840,  and  also  in  1850,  while  she 
yielded  the  honor  to  Ohio  in  1860. 

Virginia  stood  third  as  a  corn-producing  State  in  1840,  Illinois  in  1850,  and  Missouri  in  1860. 

Ohio  stood  fourth  in  1840,  Indiana  in  1850,  and  again  in  1860. 

Indiana  stood  fifth  in  1840,  Tennessee  in  1850,  and  Kentucky  in  1860. 

North  Carolina  stood  sixth  in  1840,  Virginia  in  1850,  and  Tennessee  in  1860. 

Illinois  produces  nearly  one-seventh  of  all  the  corn  raised  in  the  States  and  Territories. 

The  six  States  of  Illinois,  Missouri,  Ohio,  Indiana,  Kentucky,  and  Tennessee,  produced,  in  1860, 
449,332,502  bushels  of  Indian  corn,  or  more  than  half  the  entire  production  of  the  United  States  and 
Territories. 

It  will  be  observed  from  the  above  table  that  Iowa  has  increased  her  production  of  Indian  corn 
during  the  last  twenty  and  ten  years,  more  than  any  other  of  the  great  corn-growing  States.  In 
twenty  years  she  has  increased  from  less  than  one  and  a  half  million  bushels  to  more  than  forty-one 
million  bushels.  This  young  State  produces  nearly  half  as  much  corn  as  all  New  England  and  the 
middle  States. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  Indian  corn  in  the  New  England  States,  together 
with  the  number  of  inhabitants,  in  the  years  1860,  1850,  and  1840  : 


xlviii 


INTRODUCTION. 


Indian  corn  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  1850,  and  1S40,  together  with  the  population. 


States. 

BUSHELS  OF   INDIAN   CORN. 

POPULATION. 

1860. 

1850. 

1840. 

1860. 

1850. 

1840. 

2,059,835 
1,546,071 
2,157,063 
1,414,628 
461,497 
1,525,411 

1,935,043 
1,750,056 
2,  345,  490 
1,573,670 
539,  201 
2,  032,  396 

1,500,441 
950,  528 
1,809,192 
1,162,572 
450,498 
1,119,678 

460,  147 
628,279 
1,231,066 
326,  073 
174,620 
315,  098 

370,792 
583,  169 
994,514 
317,  976 
147,  545 
314,  120 

309,  978 
516,793 
737,  699 
284,  574 
108,830 
291,948 

Khode  Island          

Vermont 

Total  

9,  164,505 

10,  175,  856 

6,  992,  909 

3,135,283 

2,728,116 

3,234,822 

It  will  be  seen  that  in  the  last  ten  years  the  production  of  Indian  corn  has  decreased  in  Maine, 
Massachusetts,  New  Hampshire,  Rhode  Island,  and  Vermont.  This  is  accounted  for,  in  part,  by  the 
fact  that  the  year  1859,  to  which  the  census  of  crops  applies,  was  unusually  dry,  and  the  crops  in  New 
England  suffered  considerably.  It  must  be  confessed,  however,  that  the  figures,  making  all  due  allow 
ance  for  the  drought,  do  not  place  the  agriculture  of  New  England  in  a  favorable  light. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  Indian  corn  in  the  middle  States,  together  with  the 
number  of  inhabitants  in  the  years  1860,  1850,  and  1840. 


States. 

DUSHF.LS   OF   INDIAN  CORN. 

POPULATION. 

1860. 

1850. 

1840. 

1860. 

1850. 

1840. 

20,061,049 
.    28,196,821 
9,723,336 
3,892,337 
13,  444,  922 
80,  840 

17,  858,  400 
19,835,214 
8,759,704 
3,  145,  542 
10,  749,  858 
65,230 

10,972,286 
14,  240,  022 
4,361,975 
2,  099,  359 
8,233,086 
39,485 

3,880,735 
2,906,115 
672,  035 
112,216 
687,  049 
75,  080 

3,  097,  394 
2,311,786 
489,  555 
91,532 
583,  034 
51,687 

2,  428,  951 
1,724,033 
373,  306 
78,  085 
470,019 
43,7)2 

Pennsylvania  

Total  

75,  399,  305 

61,413,948 

39,916,213 

8,  333,  230 

6,624,988 

5,118,076 

The  production  of  corn  in  the  middle  States  increased  over  twenty  millions  of  bushels  from  1840 
to  1850,  and  nearly  fourteen  millions  from  1850  to  1860.  When  we  consider  that  the  production  of 
wheat  during  the  last  ten  years  in  the  middle  States  has  fallen  off  very  materially,  this  increase  in 
Indian  corn  is  not  more  than  might  have  been  expected. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  Indian  corn  in  the  southern  States,  together  with  the 
number  of  inhabitants  in  the  years  I860,  1850,  and  1840: 


States. 

BUSHELS   OF   INDIAN   CORN. 

POPULATION. 

I860. 

1850. 

1840. 

1860. 

1850. 

1840. 

38,  319,  999 
30,  078,  564 
15,065,606 
30,778,293 
33,  226,  282 
16,  853,  745 
16,500,702 
29,057,682 
17,823,588 
52,  089,  926 
2,  834,  391 

35,254,319 
27,941,051 
16,271,454 
30,  080,  099 
28,  754,  048 
10,266,373 
6,  028,  876 
22,  446,  552 
8,893,939 
52,  276,  223 
1,996,809 

34,  577,  591 
23,  893,  763 
14,722,805 
20,  905,  122 
20,  947,  004 
5,  952,  912 

1,596,318 
992,622 
703,  708 
1,057,286 
964,  201 
708,002 
604,218 
791,305 
435,  450 
1,109,80) 
140,  425 

1,421,661 
869,  039 
668,507 
906,185 
771,623 
517,762 
212,  592 
606,  526 
209,  897 
1,002,717 
87,  445 

1,239,797 
753,419 
594,  398 
691,  35*2 
590,  756 
352,  41  1 

North  Carolina  .  ..         

13,161,237 
4,  846,  632 
44,986,188 
898,  974 

375,  C51 
97,  574 
829,210 
54,  477 

Tufil 

as.',  (!2l>,  778 

238,  20ft,  743 

184,892,228 

9,  103,  333 

7,273,954     j        5,579,085 

INTRODUCTION. 


xlix 


Boll)  Tennessee  and  South  Carolina  produced  less  corn  in  1800  than  in  18.r>0;  while  Georgia, 
though  showing  a  slight  increase,  remains  almost  stationary.  Texas,  which  was  un reported  in  1840, 
gave  six  million  bushels  in  1850,  and  sixteen  and  a  half  million  in  1860.  Arkansas  nearly  doubled  her 
production  of  Indian  corn  from  1840  to  1850,  and  again  from  1850  to  1860.  Louisiana  also  shows  .1 
rapid  increase — nearly  six  million  bushels.  The  total  increase  in  the  southern  States  from  1840  to 
1S50  is  a  little  over  fifty-three  million  bushels  of  Indian  corn,  and  from  1850  to  1860  less  than  forty- 
two  and  a  half  million  bushels. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  Indian  corn  in  the  western  States,  together  with  the 
number  of  inhabitants  in  the  years  1860,  1850,  and  1840: 


Stutes. 

Ill'SIIELS   OF   INDIAN   CORN. 

POPULATION. 

I860. 

1850. 

1840. 

I860. 

1850. 

1840. 

Ohio  

73,543,190 
71,588,919 
12,444,676 
115,174,777 
7,517,300 
2,941,952 
42,410,086 
72,  892,  157 
64,  043,  633 
6,150,727 
1,482,080 

59,  078,  695 
52,90  !,:!<;:! 
5,641,420 
57,  646,  984 
1,988,979 
16,725 
8,  656,  799 
36,214,537 
58,672,591 

33,  666,  144 
28,155,887 
2,  277,  039 
22,634,211 
379,359 

2,339,511 
1,  350,  428 
749,  113 
1,711,951 
775,  881 
172,  123 
674,913 
1,182,012 
1,155,684 
107,306 
28,841 

1,980,329 
988,  4  It! 
397,654 
851,470 
305,:i9l 
6,  077 
192,214 
682,  044 
982,  405 

1,519,407 
685,806 
212,207 
476,  183 
30,  945 

Michigan  

Illinois.  

Wisconsin  

Minnesota  .  ...... 

lo\va 

1,406,241 
17,332,524 
39,847,120 

43,  1  12 
383,  702 
779,  828 

Kansas  

Nebraska  

Total  

470,  190,  097 

280,881,093 

145,700,525 

10,247,663 

C,  386,  000 

4,131,370 

The  above  table  is  worthy  of  careful  study.  It  shows  at  a  glance  the  unparalleled  rapidity  with 
which  the  agricultural  resources  of  the  western  States  are  being  developed. 

Kansas  has  advanced  more  rapidly  than  any  other  State,  having  neither  crops  nor  population  in 
1850.  The  production  of  Indian  corn  has  grown  up  to  over  five  and  a  half  million  bushels  in  1860. 

Minnesota  presents  also  another  instance  of  rapid  increase  In  1850  her  return  of  Indian  corn  was 
only  16,725  bushels.  While  in  1860  her  product  is  given  at  nearly  three  million  bushels,  or  over  one 
hundred  and  seventy-eight  times  as  much  as  in  1850. 

Nebraska,  which  was  unreported  in  1850,  produced  nearly  l.J  million  bushels  of  Indian  corn  in 
1860,  as  before  stated. 

Iowa  makes  exhibit  of  remarkable  increase  in  the  production  of  Indian  corn.  From  less  than  one 
and  a  half  million  bushels  in  1840,  she  has  increased  to  over  forty-two  million  bushels  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  Indian  corn  in  the  Pacific  States,  together  with  the 
number  of  inhabitants  in  the  years  1860,  1850,  and  1840: 


Slates  ami  Territories. 

BUSHELS   OF   INDIAN   CORN. 

POPULATION. 

I860. 

1850. 

1840. 

I860. 

1850. 

1840. 

California  

510,708 
76,  122 
709,  304 
4,712 

9tl,  482 

12,236 
2,918 
365,411 

365,  439 
52,  465 
83,009 
11,168 
40,  273 

92,597 
13,294 
61,547 

Oregon  

New  Mexico  

Washington  

Utah  

9,  899 

11,380 

Total  

1,391.328 

390,  464 

552,  :*54 

178,818 

1 

] 


INTRODUCTION. 


Li  the  production  of  Indian  corn,  as  in  all  other  evidences  of  material  prosperity,  California  pre 
sents  a  conspicuous  instance  of  rapid  increase.  From  12,236  bushels  in  1850,  she  produces  510,708 
bushels  of  Indian  corn  in  1860,  or  over  forty  times  as  much  as  in  1850.  This  is  by  no  means  equal  to 
the  ratio  of  increase  in  Minnesota — only,  in  fact,  one-fourth  as  great ;  but  it  shows,  nevertheless,  that 
the  golden  State  is  rapidly  developing  her  agricultural  resources. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  Indian  corn  in  the  New  England,  middle,  western, 
southern,  and  Pacific  States  in  the  years  1860,  1850,  and  1840,  together  with  the  number  of  inhabitants  : 


States. 

nUSHELS   OP    INDIAN  COUN. 

POPULATION. 

1860. 

1850. 

1840. 

1860. 

1H50. 

1840. 

Western  

470,190,097 
282,620,778 
75,  399,  309 
9,164,505 
1,  391,  328 

280,881,093 
238,209,743 
61,413,948 
10,175,856 
390,  464 

145,700,525 
184,892,228 
39,916,913 
6,992,909 

10,247,663 
9,  103,  333 
8,333,230 
3,iar>,283 
052,254 

6,  386,  000 
7,273,954 
6,624,988 
2,728,116 

178,818 

4,131,370 

5,579,085 
5,118,076 
2,  234,  822 

Middle                                 

Pacific 

Total                                    

838,  772,  017 

592,071,104 

317,531,875 

31,443,322 

23,191,876 

17,069,453 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  bushels  of  Indian  corn  produced  in  the  different  sections  of 
the  United  States  to  each  inhabitant,  in  the  years  1860,  1850,  and  1840: 


I860. 

New  England  States 2.90 

Middle  States 9.04 

Southern  States 30.83 

Pacific  States 2..05 

Western  States 45.27 


1850 

1840. 

3.70 

3.02 

9.11 

7.79 

32.76 

33.13 

2.18 

44.14 

35.33 

The  United  States  and  Territories. .  26.12 


26.04 


22.11 


In  the  New  England  States  the  production  of  corn  increased  over  three  million  bushels  from  1840 
to  1850,  but  decreased  over  a  million  bushels  from  1850  to  1860.  In  proportion  to  population  there 
was  also  a  slight  increase  from  1840  to  1850;  but  a  decrease  of  nearly  one  bushel  to  each  inhabitant 
from  1850  to  1860.  With  the  exception  of  the  Pacific  States,  the  New  England  States,  in  proportion 
to  population,  produce  far  less  Indian  corn  than  any  other  section  in  1860 — less  than  three  bushels  to 
each  inhabitant. 

The  middle  States  have  nearly  doubled  their  production  of  Indian  corn  since  1840.  From  1840 
to  1850  the  increase  was  from  nearly  forty  millions  to  over  sixty-one  millions  of  bushels;  and  in  1860 
to  over  sixty-five  millions  of  bushels. 

In  proportion  to  population,  the  middle  States  show  a  slight  decrease  in  the  production  of  Indian 
corn  since  the  census  of  1850,  but  a  decided  increase  from  1840  to  1850.  These  States  now  produce 
about  nine  bushels  of  Indian  corn  to  each  inhabitant,  or  more  than  three  times  as  much  as  the  New 
England  States. 

We  have  no  means  of  knowing  the  actual  increase  in  the  number  of  acres  planted  to  Indian  corn 
but  it  is  hardly  probable  that  they  have  increased  more  than  the  increase  in  the  production  of  this 
grain.  The  increase  in  the  population  is  due  mainly  to  the  growth  of  the  cities  and  villages  rather 
than  to  an  increase  in  the  number  of  persons  engaged  in  the  cultivation  of  the  soil.  The  table,  how 
ever,  is  interesting  in  reference  to  our  ability  to  sustain  a  rapidly  increasing  population. 

Indian  corn  is  probably  the  best  crop  for  such  an  object.  In  the  case  of  an  individual  fanner  we 
are  apt  to  judge  of  the  character  of  his  farming  from  the  appearance  and  product  of  his  corn  crop;  and 


INTRODUCTION.  li 

what  is  true  of  an  individual  is  no  less  true  of  a  nation.  If  the  average  yield  of  Indian  corn  is  increas 
ing,  it  is  pretty  good  evidence  that  our  general  system  of  agriculture  is  improving.  For  this  reason 
the  tables  here  presented  are  pre-eminently  worthy  of  study. 

In  the  New  England  States,  as  we  have  shown,  the  aggregate  crop  of  Indian  corn  in  1860  was 

less  than  in  1850. 

In  the  middle  States  there  has  been  a  steady  increase  from  1840  to  1850,  and  from  1850  to  1860; 
but  from  1850  to  1860  this  increase  in  the  corn  crop  has  barely  kept  pace  with  the  increase  in  popu 
lation. 

In  the  southern  States  there  has  also  been  a  steady  increase  in  the  amount  of  Indian  corn  pro 
duced  in  1840,  1850,  and  1860.  The  increase  in  1850,  as  compared  with  1840,  was  about  fifty-three 
million  bushels;  and  from  1850  to  1860  a  little  less  than  forty-two  and  a  half  millions. 

The  increase  of  the  corn  crop  in  the  southern  States,  however,  has  not  kept  pace  witli  the  increase 
in  population.  There  were  produced  in  1840  a  little  over  thirty-three  bushels  to  an  inhabitant;  in 
1850,  thirty-two  and  three-fourths  bushels,  and  in  1860  less  than  thirty-one  bushels  to  each  person. 

The  southern  States,  it  will  be  seen,  produce,  in  proportion  to  population,  fen  times  as  much  corn 
as  the  New  England  States,  and  over  three  times  as  much  as  the  middle  States. 

In  the  western  States  the  aggregate  production  of  Indian  corn  was,  in  round  numbers,  145,000,000 
bushels  in  1840,  280,000,000  bushels  in  1850,  and  470,000,000  bushels  in  1860;  while  the  popula 
tion,  in  round  numbers,  was  4,000,000  in  1840,  6,000,000  in  1850,  and  10,000,000  in  1860. 

The  western  States  are  the  only  section  of  the  country  (except  the  Pacific  States)  in  which  the 
production  of  Indian  corn  has  steadily  increased  in  greater  proportion  than  the  population.  In  1840 
the  western  States  produced  35  bushels  to  each  inhabitant;  44  bushels  in  1850,  and  45  bushels  to 
each  person  in  1860. 

This  result  is  owing,  in  a  good  degree,  to  the  increased  facilities  of  transportation,  and  still  more 
to  the  improved  processes  of  culture  which  have  followed  the  introduction  of  improved  implements  and 
machines.  In  no  other  section  have  farmers  manifested  a  greater  promptitude  to  avail  themselves  of 
the  labors  of  the  inventor  and  mechanic,  and  the  result  is  shown  in  the  above  table.  In  no  country  in 
the  world  is  there  a  finer  field  for  the  introduction  of  mechanical  appliances  for  the  culture  of  the  soil 
than  on  the  rich  prairies  of  the  western  States.  It  was  here  that  the  reaper  first  found  its  way  into 
general  use ;  and  what  is  true  of  the  reaper  is  equally  true  of  nearly  all  other  agricultural  machinery. 
The  steam-plough,  introduced  the  present  year  from  England,  will  here,  if  anywhere,  be  speedily  em 
ployed  to  pulverize  the  soil  and  prepare  it  for  a  crop. 

Taking  the  country  as  a  whole,  the  production  of  Indian  corn  to  each  inhabitant  was  22  bushels 
in  1840,  26  bushels  in  1850,  and  a  little  over  26  bushels  in  1860.  The  census  of  1850  showed  an 
increase  of  four  bushels  to  each  inhabitant,  while  the  last  census  shows  that  the  production  of  Indian 
corn,  taking  the  country  as  a  whole,  fully  keeps  pace  with  the  increase  in  population. 

Illinois  not  only  produces  the  largest  aggregate  amount  of  Indian  corn,  but  also  produces  more  in 
proportion  to  population  than  any  other  State.  She  produced  67  bushels  of  corn  to  each  inhabitant  in 
1850,  and  also  in  1860,  and  47  bushels  in  1840. 

Iowa  comes  next.  She  produced  32  bushels  of  corn  to  each  inhabitant  in  1840,  45  bushels  in 
1850,  and  60  bushels  in  1860. 

The  next  highest  is  Kansas.     She  produced  52  bushels  of  corn  to  each  inhabitant  in  1860. 

Indiana  succeeds,  with  41  bushels  to  each  inhabitant  in  1840,  50  bushels  in  1850,  and  51  bushels 
in  1860. 

Tennessee  stands  next.  She  produced  42  bushels  of  corn  to  each  person  in  1860.  This,  however, 
is  far  less  than  she  produced  in  1850  and  in  1840.  In  1850  she  produced  52  bushels  of  corn  to  each 
person,  and  in  1840,  54  bushels. 


lii  INTRODUCTION. 

CULTURE  OF  INDIAN  CORN. 

Little  need  be  said  on  this  subject.  Throughout  the  great  western  States,  the  price  of  Indian  corn 
has  usually,  till  within  a  year  past,  been  so  low  that  little  money  or  labor  could  be  expended  profitably 
in  manuring  or  cultivating  the  corn  crop.  There  are  millions  of  acres  that  seem  as  though  they  were 
formed  to  produce  this  magnificent  American  cereal  at  the  least  cost  of  time  and  labor.  A  loose,  moist, 
but  not  wet,  fertile  soil,  with  abundance  of  sunshine,  is  what  is  needed  for  the  growth  of  large  crops  of 
Indian  corn.  The  rich  bottom  lands  of  the  west  and  southwest  are  the  finest  lands  in  the  world  for 
this  grain.  There  are  instances  where  it  has  been  grown  annually  on  such  lands  for  over  fifty  years 
without  any  sensible  diminution  in  the  yield  either  of  grain  or  stalks. 

The  case  with  which  Indian  corn  can  be  grown,  is,  perhaps,  one  reason  why  there  have  been  so 
few  investigations  in  regard  to  the  requirements  of  this  important  plant.  We  kno\V  something  of  the 
best  fertilizers  of  wheat,  barley,  beans,  peas,  turnips,  and  grass,  but  how  few  have  made  investigations 
respecting  the  special  demands  of  Indian  corn.  To  increase  a  crop  of  wheat  from  15  to  25  bushels 
per  acre,  we  know  with  considerable  certainty  the  quantity  of  certain  constituents  of  manure  that  will 
be  needed;  but  who  can  say  the  same  in  regard  to  Indian  corn?  If  a  soil  without  manure  yields  30 
bushels  of  Indian  corn  per  acre,  who  can  tell  how  much  ammonia,  phosphoric  acid,  potash,  and  other 
elements  of  plant  food,  are  required  to  enable  it  to  produce  60  bushels  per  acre. 

In  the  hope  of  ascertaining  something  in  regard  to  this  subject,  the  New  York  State  Agricultural 
Society  offer  a  standing  prize  for  experiments  on  this  culture.  As  the  subject  is  one  of  great  importance 
to  the  farmers  of  the  whole  country,  it  will  be  interesting  to  give  the  rules  laid  down  for  conducting 
these  experiments,  and  we  cannot  but  hope  that  farmers  in  other  States  will  make  similar  experiments, 
so  that  before  another  census  is  taken,  we  shall  not  have  to  confess  our  ignorance  in  regard  to  the 
peculiar  manurial  requirements  of  the  most  important  crop  of  American  agriculture. 

The  following  is  the  plan  of  experiments  suggested  :  The  executive  committee  of  the  New  York 
State  Agricultural  Society,  deeming  it  of  great  importance  to  ascertain  the  manure  best  adapted  to 
Indian  corn,  one  of  the  most  important  crops  of  this  country,  propose  to  award  premiums  for  the  best 
conducted  and  most  satisfactory  experiments  with  the  manures  hereinafter  named. 

It  is  desired  that  the  field  upon  which  the  experiment  is  made,  should  have  been  under  cultivation 
for  a  considerable  time ;  and  if  it  has  not  been  manured,  and  has  been  impoverished  by  continued  culti 
vation  of  cereal  crops,  it  will  be  the  most  acceptable.  It  is  very  important  to  ascertain  the  amount  of 
phosphoric  acid,  sulphuric  acid,  potash,  soda,  lime,  &c.,  required  in  the  soil  for  the  proper  growth  of 
Indian  corn. 

The  mechanical  condition  of  the  field  must  be  carefully  attended  to,  and  all  parts  of  the  field  to  be 
as  much  alike  as  possible.  One-fourth  of  an  acre  for  each  plot,  and  two  of  these  to  be  without  manure 
of  any  kind.  It  is  believed  that  this  is  as  small  a  quantity  of  land  as  will  secure  reliable  results,  and  it 
is  of  the  utmost  importance  that  the  field  experiments  should  be  satisfactory. 

Plate  or  money  premium  $75. 

No.  1.  The  following  preparations  to  be  tried,  each  of  the  numbers  representing  one-fourth  of  an  acre: 

1.  Without  manure. 

2.  4  tons  of  well-decomposed  barn  yard  manure. 

3.  4  tons  of  green  manure  from  barn  yard. 

4.  100  pounds  sulphate  of  lime. 

5.  100  pounds  sulphate  of  ammonia. 

6.  100  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime. 

7.  75  pounds  of  pearl-ash. 

8.  50  pounds  of  soda-ash. 

9.  25  pounds  of  sulphate  of  magnesia. 
10.  50  pounds  of  sulphate  of  lime. 


INTRODUCTION.  l,ii 

11.  75  pounds  of  pcarlash,  50  pounds  of  soda-ash.  25  pounds  of  sulphate  of  lime,  and  25  pounds  of  sulphate 

of  magnesia. 

12.  As  No.  11,  with  100  pounds  of  sulphate  of  ammonia, 
l.'i.  As  No.  11,  with  100  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime. 

14.  As  No.  11,  with  100  pounds  of  sulphate  of  ammonia,  and  100  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime. 

15.  As  No.  11,  with  50  pounds  of  sulphate  of  ammonia, 
lij.  50  pounds  of  sulphate  of  ammonia. 

17.  GO  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime. 

18.  4  tons  of  barn  yard  manure,  50  pounds  each  of  sulphate  of  ammonia,  superphosphate  of  lime,  pcarl 

ash,  soda-ash,  sulphate  of  magnesia,  and  sulphate  of  lime. 

19.  Without  manure. 

If  potash,  soda-ash,  and  magnesia  cannot  be  readily  obtained,  unleached  hard-wood  ashes  may  be 
substituted  for  them. 

The  superphosphate  of  lime  should  be  made  from  calcined  bones,  and  should  be  placed  in  direct  con 
tact  with  the  seed.  The  sulphate  of  ammonia  should  be  applied  in  the  hill,  with  a  little  soil  intervening 
between  it  and  the  seed.  The  pearlash  or  soda-ash  must  not  be  mixed  with  the  superphosphate  or  sul 
phate  of  ammonia  before  sowing.  The  other  substances  can  be  applied  as  convenience  or  custom  dictates. 

Superphosphate  oj  lime  from  calcined  bones,  ground  quite  fine  before  admixture  with  acid,  may  be 
made  as  follows :  Grind  the  calcined  bones  very  fine;  then  to  100  pounds  of  bone-dust  add  75  pounds 
of  water,  and  mix  thoroughly;  then  add  100  pounds  of"  brown  or  chamber"  sulphuric  acid  and  mix 
completely,  and  repeat  the  process  until  the  quantity  required  is  made.  (Such  a  superphosphate  can 
be  sown  with  the  smallest  seeds  without  fear  of  injuring  the  germinating  principle.) 

Hitherto  the  only  experiment  that  has  been  made  in  rei'erence  to  this  prize  was  conducted  by 
JOSEPH  HARRIS,  near  Rochester,  New  York.  The  society  awarded  him  the  prize,  although  the  precise 
conditions  of  the  experiments  were  not  adhered  to.  As  the  first,  and  indeed  the  only  experiments  of 
the  kind  ever  made  in  this  country,  we  need  offer  no  apology  for  embodying  them  in  this  report. 

The  soil  on  which  the  experiments  were  made  is  a  light  sandy  loam.  It  has  been  under  cultiva 
tion  for  upwards  of  twenty  years,  and,  so  far  as  could  be  ascertained,  had  never  been  manured.  It  had 
been  somewhat  impoverished  by  the  growth  of  cereal  crops,  and  it  was  thought  that  for  this  reason,  and 
on  account  of  its  light  texture  and  active  character,  which  would  cause  the  manures  to  act  immediately, 
it  was  well  adapted  to  the  purpose  of  showing  the  effect  of  different  manurial  substances  on  the  corn 
crop.  The  land  was  a  clover  sod,  two  years  old,  pastured  the  previous  summer.  It  was  ploughed 
early  in  the  spring  and  harrowed  till  in  excellent  condition.  The  corn  was  planted  May  23,  in  hills 
three  and  one-half  feet  apart  each  way.  Each  experiment  was  made  on  the  one-tenth  of  an  acre, 
and  consisted  of  four  rows,  with  one  row  between  each  plot,  without  any  manure.  The  manures 
were  applied  in  the  hill  immediately  before  the  seed  was  planted.  With  the  superphosphate  of  lime, 
and  with  plaster,  (gypsum,  or  sulphate  of  lime,)  the  seed  was  placed  directly  on  top  of  the  manure. 
The  ashes  were  dropped  in  the  hill  and  covered  with  soil,  upon  which  the  seed  was  planted,  that  it 
should  not  come  in  contact  with  the  ashes.  Guano  and  sulphate  of  ammonia  were  treated  in  the  same 
way.  On  the  plots  where  ashes  and  guano  or  ashes  and  sulphate  of  ammonia  were  both  used,  the 
ashes  were  first  put  in  the  hill  and  covered  with  soil,  and  the  guano  or  sulphate  of  ammonia  placed 
above,  and  also  covered  with  soil  before  the  seed  was  planted.  The  ashes  and  superphosphate  of  lime 
were  treated  in  the  same  way.  It  is  well  known  that  unleached  ashes,  mixed  either  with  guano,  sulphate 
ot  ammonia,  or  superphosphate  of  lime,  mutually  decompose  each  other,  setting  free  the  ammonia  of  the 
guano  and  sulphate  of  ammonia,  and  converting  the  soluble  phosphate  of  the  superphosphate  of  lime 
into  the  insoluble  form  in  which  it  existed  before  treatment  with  sulphuric  acid.  All  the  plots  were 
planted  on  the  same  day,  and  the  manures  weighed  and  applied  under  Mr.  Harris's  immediate  super 
vision.  Everything  was  done  that  seemed  necessary  to  secure  accuracy. 


liv  INTRODUCTION. 

The  following  table  gives  the  results  of  the  experiments  : 

Table  showing  the  results  of  experiments  on  Indian  corn  near  Rochester,  New  York. 


a 

1 

•3    ?3 

E 

i 

2 

1 

— 

1 

Descriptions  of  manure  and  quantities  applied  per  acre  . 

ears  of  sou 
)er  acre. 

10 

13  2 

2    a 
<!    H 

berofbush 
;om  per  aci 

or  acre  of  ef 
nd  com. 

eracrcofe; 
ft  corn. 

53 

it 

f*    W 

1  "s 

o 

£ 

0   P 
•3   § 

0   a 
»   £- 
"3   § 

i  = 

a   2 

o>    § 

S*  ° 

C3      O 

S  1 

•3  fc 

ja    • 

g     0 

2 

*  = 

* 

n 

H  "° 

a 

t-H 

a 

1—  1 

1 

1 

60 

7 

67 

O 

70 

8 

78 

10 

1 

11 

0 

400  pounds  unleachcd  wood-ashes  and  100  pounds  plaster,  (mixed)  .  . 

68 

10 

78 

8 

3 

11 

4 

90 

15 

105 

30 

8 

38 

5 

70 

8 

73 

10 

n 

150  pounds  sulphate  of  ammonia  and  300  pounds  superphosphate  of  lime,  (mixed).  .. 

85 

5 

90 

25 

23 

7 

60 

12 

72 

5 

5 

8 

150  pounds  sulphate  of  ammonia  and  400  pounds  unleachcd  wood-ashes,  (sown  sepa- 

87 

10 

97 

27 

3 

30 

9 

300  pounds  superphosphate  of  lime,  150  pounds  sulphate  of  ammonia,  and  400  pounds 

100 

8 

108 

40 

1 

41 

in 

GO 

8 

68 

1 

1 

n 

100  pounds  plaster,  400  pounds  unleachcd  wood-ashes,  300  pounds  superphosphate 

of  lime,  and  200  pounds  Peruvian  guano  .  . 

95 

10 

105 

35 

3 

38 

i" 

78 

10 

88 

18 

3 

21 

13 

200  pounds  Peruvian  guano 

88 

13 

101 

28 

G 

34 

14 

400  pounds  unlcacbed  wood-ashes,  1  00  pounds  plaster,  and  500  pounds  Peruvian  guano  . 

111 

14 

125 

51 

7 

58 

The  superphosphate  of  lime  was  formed  especially  for  these  experiments,  and  was  a  pure  mineral 
manure  of  superior  quality,  made  from  calcined  bones;  it  cost  about  two  and  a  half  cents  per  pound. 
The  sulphate  of  ammonia  was  a  good  commercial  article  obtained  from  London  at  a  cost  of  about 
seven  cents  per  pound.  The  ashes  were  made  from  beech  and  hard  maple  (acer  saccharinum)  wood, 
and  were  sifted  through  a  fine  sieve  before  being  weighed.  The  guano  was  the  best  Peruvian,  costing 
about  three  cents  per  pound.  It  was  crushed  and  sifted  before  using.  In  sowing  the  ashes  on  plot  7 
an  error  occurred  in  their  application,  and  for  the  purpose  of  checking  the  result,  it  was  deemed 
advisable  to  repeat  the  experiment  on  plot  10. 

On  plot  5,  with  300  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime  per  acre,  the  plants  came  up  first,  and 
exhibited  a  healthy,  dark-green  appearance,  which  they  retained  for  some  time.  This  result  was  not 
anticipated,  though  it  is  well  known  that  superphosphate  of  lime  has  the  effect  of  stimulating  the 
germination  of  turnip-seed,  and  the  early  growth  of  the  plants  to  an  astonishing  degree ;  yet,  as  it  has 
no  such  effect  on  wheat,  it  seemed  probable  that  it  would  not  produce  this  effect  on  Indian  corn,  which 
in  chemical  composition  is  very  similar  to  wheat.  The  result  shows  how  uncertain  are  all  specula 
tions  in  regard  to  the  mammal  requirements  of  plants.  This  immediate  effect  of  superphosphate  of 
lime  on  corn  was  so  marked  that  the  men  (who  were  at  the  time  of  planting  somewhat  inclined  to  be 
skeptical  in  regard  to  the  value  of  such  small  doses  of  manure)  declared  that  "  superphosphate  beats 
all  creation  for  corn."  The  difference  in  favor  of  superphosphate  at  the  time  of  hoeing,  was  very  per 
ceptible  even  at  some  distance. 

Although  every  precaution  deemed  necessary  was  taken  to  prevent  the  manures  from  mixing  in 
the  hill,  or  from  injuring  the  seed,  yet  it  was  found  that  those  plots  dressed  with  ashes  and  guano,  or 
with  ashes  and  sulphate  of  ammonia,  were  injured  to  some  extent.  Shortly  after  the  corn  was  planted 
heavy  rain  set  in  and  washed  the  sulphate  of  ammonia  and  guano  down  into  the  ashes,  and  mutual 
decomposition  took  place,  with  more  or  less  loss  of  ammonia.  In  addition  to  this  loss  of  ammonia 
these  manures  came  up  to  the  surface  of  the  ground  in  the  form  of  an  excrescence  so  hard  that  the 
plants  could  with  difficulty  penetrate  through  it.  This  is  a  fact  which  should  be  borne  in  mind  in 


INTRODUCTION.  lv 

instituting  future  experiments!.  It  would  have  been  better,  undoubtedly,  to  have  sown  these  manures 
broadcast,  except  for  the  difficulty  of  sowing  (hem  evenly  by  hand  on  so  narrow  a  plot  without  risk  of 
having  some  part  of  the  manures  blown  upon  the  adjoining  plots. 

It  will  be  seen  by  examining  the  table,  that,  although  the  superphosphate  of  lime  had  a  good 
effect  during  the  early  stages  of  the  growth  of  the  plants,  yet  the  increase  of  product  did  not  come  up 
to  these  early  indications.  On  plot  5,  with  300  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime  per  acre,  the  yield 
is  precisely  the  same  as  on  plot  2,  with  100  pounds  of  plaster  (sulphate  of  lime)  per  acre.  Now, 
superphosphate  of  lime  is  composed,  necessarily,  of  soluble  phosphate  of  lime  and  plaster,  or  sulphate 
of  lime  formed  from  a  combination  of  the  sulphuric  acid  employed  in  the  manufacture  of  superphos 
phate  with  the  lime  of  the  bones.  In  the  300  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime  sown  on  plot  5  there 
would  be  about  100  pounds  of  plaster,  and  as  the  effect  of  this  dressing  is  no  greater  than  was 
obtained  from  the  100  pounds  plaster  sown  on  plot  2,  it  follows  that  the  good  effect  of  the  superphos 
phate  of  lime  was  due  to  the  plaster  which  it  contained. 

Again,  on  plot  4,  with  150  pounds  of  sulphate  of  ammonia  per  acre,  we  have  ninety  bushels  of 
cars  of  sound  corn,  and  fifteen  bushels  of  cars  of  soft  corn  ("nubbins")  per  acre,  or  a  tolal  increase 
over  the  plot  without  manure,  of  thirty-eight  bushels.  Now,  the  sulphate  of  ammonia  contains  no 
phosphate  of  lime,  and  the  fact  tha*  such  a  manure  gives  a  considerable  increase  of  crop  confirms  the 
conclusion  arrived  at  from  a  comparison  of  the  results  on  plots  2  and  5,  that  the  increase  from  the 
superphosphate  of  lime  is  not  due  to  the  phosphate  of  lime  which  it  contains,  unless  we  are  to  conclude 
that  the  sulphate  of  ammonia  rendered  the  phosphate  of  lime  in  the  soil  more  readily  soluble,  and 
thus  furnished  an  increased  quantity  in  an  available  form  for  assimilation  by  the  plants — a  conclusion 
which  the  results  with  superphosphate  alone,  on  plot  5,  and  with  superphosphate  and  sulphate  of 
ammonia  combined,  on  plot  G,  do  not  sustain. 

On  plot  12  half  the  quantity  of  sulphate  of  ammonia  was  used  as  on  plot  4,  and  the  increase  is  a 
little  more  than  half  what  it  is  where  double  the  quantity  was  used. 

Again,  on  plot  13,  200  pounds  of  Peruvian  guano  per  acre  gives  nearly  as  great  an  increase  of 
sound  corn  as  the  150  pounds  of  sulphate  of  ammonia.  Now,  200  pounds  of  Peruvian  guano  contains 
nearly  as  much  ammonia  as  150  pounds  sulphate  of  ammonia,  and  the  increase  in  both  cases  is  evidently 
due  to  the  ammonia  of  these  manures.  The  200  pounds  of  Peruvian  guano  contained  about  50  pounds 
of  phosphate  of  lime;  but  as  the  sulphate  of  ammonia,  which  contains  no  phosphate  of  lime,  gives  as  great 
an  increase  as  the  guano,  it  follows  that  the  phosphate  of  lime  in  the  guano  had  little  if  any  effect — a 
result  precisely  similar  to  that  obtained  with  superphosphate  of  lime. 

We  may  conclude,  therefore,  that  on  this  soil,  which  had  never  been  manured,  and  which  had  been 
cultivated  for  many  years  with  the  ceralia — or,  in  other  words,  with  crops  which  remove  a  large  quan 
tity  of  phosphate  of  lime  from  the  soil — the  phosphate  of  lime,  relatively  to  the  ammonia,  is  not  defi 
cient.  If  such  were  not  the  case,  an  application  of  soluble  phosphate  of  lime  would  have  given  an  in 
crease  of  crop,  which  we  have  shown  was  not  the  case  in  any  one  of  the  experiments. 

Plot  10,  with  400  pounds  of  unbleached  wood-ashes  per  acre,  produces  the  same  quantity  of  sound 
corn,  with  an  extra  bushel  of  "nubbins"  per  acre,  as  plot  1,  without  any  manure  at  all ;  ashes,  therefore, 
applied  alone,  may  be  said  to  have  had  no  effect  whatever.  On  plot  3,  400  pounds  of  ashes,  and  100 
pounds  of  plaster,  give  the  same  total  number  of  bushels  per  acre  as  plot  2,  with  100  pounds  plaster 
alone.  Plot  8,  with  400  pounds  of  ashes  and  150  pounds  sulphate  of  ammonia,  yields  three  bushels  of 
sound  corn  and  five  bushels  of  "nubbins"  per  acre  less  than  plot  4,  with  150  pounds  sulphate  of  ammo 
nia  alone.  This  result  may  be  ascribed  to  the  fact  previously  alluded  to — the  ashes  dissipated  some  of 
the  ammonia. 

Plot  11,  with  100  pounds  of  plaster,  400  pounds  ashes,  300  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime,  and 
200  pounds  Peruvian  guano,  (which  contains  about  as  much  ammonia  as  150  pounds  sulphate  of  ammo 
nia,)  produced  precisely  the  same  total  number  of  bushels  per  acre  as  plot  4,  with  150  pounds  sulphate 
of  ammonia  alone,  and  but  four  bushels  more  per  acre  than  plot  13,  with  200  pounds  Peruvian  guano 


Ivi  INTRODUCTION. 

alone.  It  is  evident,  from  these  results,  that  neither  ashes  nor  phosphates  had  much  effect  on  Indian 
corn  ou  this  impoverished  soil. 

Plot  14  received  the  largest  dressing  of  ammonia,  (500  pounds  of  Peruvian  guano,)  and  produced 
much  the  largest  crop,  though  the  increase  is  not  so  great  in  proportion  to  the  guano  as  where  smaller 
quantities  were  used. 

The  manure  which  produced  the  most  profitable  result  was  the  100  pounds  of  plaster  on  plot  2. 
The  200  pounds  of  Peruvian  guano  on  plot  13,  and  which  cost  about  $6,  gave  an  increase  of  fourteen 
bushels  of  shelled  corn  and  six  bushels  of  "nubbins."  The  superphosphate  of  lime,  although  a  very 
superior  article,  and  estimated  at  cost  price,  in  no  case  paid  for  itself.  The  same  is  true  of  the  ashes. 

But  the  object  of  the  experiment  was  not  so  much  to  ascertain  what  manures  will  pay,  as  to  as 
certain,  if  possible,  what  constituents  of  manures  are  required  in  greatest  quantity  for  the  maximum 
production  of  corn.  All  our  agricultural  plants  are  composed  of  the  same  elements;  the  only  difference 
being  in  the  relative  proportions  in  which  they  exist  in  the  plants.  Thus,  wheat  and  turnips  contain 
precisely  the  same  elements,  but  the  ash  of  wheat  contains  five  times  as  much  phosphoric  acid  as  the 
ash  of  turnips ;  while  the  turnips  contain  much  more  potash  than  wheat.  This  fact  being  ascertained 
by  chemical  analysis,  it  was  supposed  that  wheat  required  a  manure  relatively  richer  in  phosphoric  acid 
than  was  required  for  turnips.  This  is  certainly  a  plausible  deduction;  but  careful  and  numerous  ex 
periments  have  incontrovertibly  proved  that  such  is  not  the  case  ;  in  fact,  that  an  ordinary  crop  of 
turnips  requires  more  phosphoric  acid,  in  an  available  condition  in  the  soil,  than  an  ordinary  crop  of 
wheat.  From  this  fact,  and  several  ethers  of  a  similar  character,  the  conclusion  is  irresistible,  that  the 
chemical  composition  of  a  plant — the  relative  proportion  in  which  the  several  elements  exist  in  the 
plant — is  not  a  certain  indication  of  the  manurial  requirements  of  the  plant;  or,  in  other  words,  it  does 
not  follow  that  because  a  plant  contains  a  relatively  larger  proportion  of  any  particular  element,  that 
the  soil  or  manure  best  adapted  for  the  growth  of  this  plant  must  contain  a  relatively  larger  proportion 
of  this  element. 

Wheat,  rye,  barley,  oats,  and  Indian  corn  all  contain  a  relatively  large  quantity  of  phosphate  of 
lime;  but  it  is  not  safe  to  conclude  from  this,  that  a  soil  or  manure  best  adapted  for  their  maximum 
growth  must  also  contain  a  relatively  large  quantity  of  phosphate  of  lime.  It  is  known  positively,  from 
numerous  experiments,  that  such  is  not  the  case  with  wheat;  and  it  is,  therefore,  at  least  doubtful 
whether  such  is  true  of  Indian  corn.  On  the  other  hand,  we  know,  from  repeated  experiments,  that 
wheat  requires  a  large  quantity  of  ammonia  for  its  maximum  growth;  and  as  Indian  corn  is  nearly 
identical  in  composition  to  wheat,  it  is  somewhat  probable  that  it  requires  food  similar  in  composition. 
This,  however,  is  merely  a  deduction — never  a  safe  rule  in  agriculture.  We  cannot  obtain  positive 
knowledge  in  regard  to  the  requirements  of  plants,  except  from  actual  experiments.  Numerous  ex 
periments  have  been  made  in  this  country  with  guano  and  superphosphate  of  lime ;  but  the  superphos 
phates  used  were  commercial  articles,  containing  more  or  less  ammonia ;  and  if  they  are  of  any  benefit 
to  those  crops  to  which  they  are  applied,  it  is  a  matter  of  uncertainty  whether  the  beneficial  effect  of 
the  application  is  due  to  the  soluble  phosphate  of  lime  or  to  the  ammonia.  On  the  other  hand,  guano 
contains  both  ammonia  and  phosphate,  and  we  are  equally  at  a  loss  to  determine  whether  the  effect  is 
attributable  to  the  ammonia  or  phosphate,  or  both.  In  order,  therefore,  to  determine  satisfactorily 
which  of  the  several  ingredients  of  plants  is  required  in  greatest  proportion  for  the  maximum  growth  of 
any  particular  crop,  we  must  apply  the  ingredients  separately,  or  in  such  definite  compound's  as  will 
enable  us  to  determine  to  what  particular  element  or  compounds  the  beneficial  effect  is  to  be  ascribed. 
It  was  for  this  reason  that  sulphate  of  ammonia  and  a  purely  mineral  superphosphate  of  lime  were  used 
in  the  above  experiments.  No  one  would  think  of  using  sulphate  of  ammonia  at  its  present  price  as 
an  ordinary  manure,  for  the  reason  that  the  same  quantity  of  ammonia  can  be  obtained  in  other  sub 
stances,  such  as  barn-yard  manure,  Peruvian  guano,  &c..  at  a  much  cheaper  rate.  But  these  manures 
contain  ALL  the  elements  of  plants,  and  we  cannot  know  whether  the  effect  produced  by  them  is  due 
to  the  ammonia,  phosphates,  or  any  other  ingredient.  For  the  purpose  of  experiment,  therefore,  we 


1  NTRODUCTION. 


Ivii 


must  use  a  manure  tlmt  furnishes  ammonia  without  any  admixture  of  phosphates,  potash,  soda,  lime, 
magnesia,  &c.,  even  though  it  cost  much  more  than  we  could  obtain  the  same  amount  of  ammonia  for  in 
other  manures.  These  remarks  are  made  in  order  to  correct  a  very  common  opinion,  that  if  experi 
ments  do  not  pay  they  are  useless.  The  ultimate  object,  indeed,  is  to  ascertain  the  most  profitable 
method  of  manuring;  but  the  means  of  obtaining  this  information  cannot,  in  all  cases,  be  profitable. 

Similar  experiments  to  those  made  on  Indian  corn  were  made  on  soil  of  a  similar  character  on 
about  an  acre  of  sorghum  or  Chinese  sugar-cane.  We  have  not  space  to  give  the  results  in  detail  at 
this  time,  and  allude  to  them  merely  to  mention  one  very  important  fact — the  superphosphate  of  lime  had 
a  very  marked  effect.  This  manure  was  applied  in  the  hill  on  one  plot  (the  twentieth  of  an  acre)  at 
the  rate  of  400  pounds  per  acre,  and  the  plants  on  this  plot  came  up  first,  and  outgrew  all  the  others 
from  the  start,  and  ultimately  attained  the  height  of  about  ten  feet,  while  on  the  plot  receiving  no 
manure  the  plants  were  not  five  feet  high.  This  is  a  result  entirely  different  from  what  Mr.  Harris 
expected.  He  supposed,  from  the  fact  that  superphosphate  of  lime  had  no  effect  on  wheat,  that  it 
would  probably  have  little  effect  on  corn,  or  on  the  sugar-cane,  or  other  ceralia;  and  that  as  ammonia 
is  so  beneficial  tor  wheat,  it  would  probably  be  beneficial  for  corn  and  sugar-cane.  The  above  experi 
ment  indicates  that  such  is  the  case  in  regard  to  Indian  corn,  so  far  as  the  production  of  grain  is  con 
cerned,  though,  as  we  have  stated,  it  is  not  true  in  reference  to  the  early  growth  of  the  plants.  The 
superphosphate  of  lime  on  Indian  corn  stimulated  the  growth  of  the  plants  in  a  very  decided  manner 
at  first — so  much  so  that  Mr.  Harris  was  led  to  suppose  for  some  time  that  it  would  give  the  largest 
crops,  but  at  harvest  it  was  found  that  it  produced  no  more  corn  than  plaster.  These  results  seem  to 
indicate  that  superphosphate  of  lime  stimulates  the  growth  of  stalks  and  leaves,  and  has  little  effect  in 
increasing  the  production  of  seed.  In  raising  Indian  corn  for  fodder,  or  for  soiling  purposes,  super 
phosphate  of  lime  may  be  beneficial  as  well  as  in  growing  the  sorghum  for  sugar-making  purposes,  or 
for  fodder,  though  perhaps  not  for  seed. 

In  addition  to  the  experiments  given  above,  Mr.  Harris  made  the  same  season,  on  an  adjoining 
field,  another  set  of  experiments  on  Indian  corn,  the  results  of  which  are  interesting. 

The  land  on  which  these  experiments  were  made,  was  of  a  somewhat  firmer  texture  than  that  on 
which  the  other  set  of  experiments  was  made.  It  is  situated  about  a  mile  from  the  barn-yard,  and  on 
this  account  had  seldom  if  ever  been  manured.  It  had  been  cultivated  for  many  years  with  ordinary 
farm  crops.  It  was  ploughed  early  in  the  spring,  and  harrowed  until  quite  mellow.  The  corn  was 
planted  May  30.  Each  experiment  occupied  one-tenth  of  an  acre,  consisting  of  four  rows  three  and  a 
half  feet  apart,  and  the  same  distance  between  the  hills  in  the  rows,  with  one  row  without  manure 
between  each  experimental  plot. 

The  manure  was  applied  in  the  hill  in  the  same  manner  as  in  the  first  set  of  experiments. 

The  barn-yard  manure  was  well  rotted,  and  consisted  principally  of  cow-dung,  with  a  little  horse- 
dung.  Twenty  two-horse  wagon-loads  of  this  was  applied  per  acre,  and  each  load  would  probably 
weigh  about  one  ton.  It  was  put  in  the  hill  and  covered  with  soil,  and  the  seed  then  planted  on  the  top. 

The  following  table  gives  the  results  of  the  experiments : 

Table  showing  the  results  of  experiments  on  Indian  corn  near  Rochester,  New  York. 


ffi 
M 

»    g 

2    o 

"S    §   g 

"=  '"  a    • 

"3   fc   B- 

'o    S 

2  § 

0      § 

B    *    § 

l"3-5- 

s  ^'-i 

S  S 

0    _£ 

i-  .2 

Descriptions  of  manure  and  quantities  applied 

*°  "a   £ 

"o  £    £ 

g    o    3 

gSS-a 

0    g    S    g 

£  «s  g 

0      °      0 

per  acre. 

"3    1    * 

"o          ^ 

o  is  a 

_    J3     0 

*    =    0   S 

Z  «  w  B 

S>  t.  o  a 

™   £   * 

c3     w     0 

3 

1  "s  & 

^    o    cu 

o  5  "g 

^  x  3  5 

c  2  S  a 

•5  S  P. 

* 

m 

pq 

H 

« 

M 

f"1 

1 

No  manure  

12 

87 

2 

20  loads  barn-vard  manure         .... 

824- 

10 

924 

71 

-, 

3 

150  pounds  sulphate  of  ammonia    

85 

30 

115 

10 

18 

28 

4 

300  pounds  superphosphate  of  lime  

88 

10 

98 

13 

11 

5 

400  pounds  Peruvian  guuuo  

90 

30 

120 

15 

18 

33 

0 

400  pounds  of  "  cancerine,"  or  fish  manure-. 

85 

20 

105 

10 

8 

18 

Iviii  INTRODUCTION. 

As  before  stated,  the  land  was  of  a  stronger  nature  than  that  on  which  the  first  set  of  experiments 
was  made,  and  it  was  evidently  in  better  condition,  as  the  plot  having  no  manure  produced  twenty 
bushels  of  ears  of  corn  per  acre  more  than  the  plot  without  manure  in  the  other  field. 

On  plot  4,  300  pounds  of  superphosphate  of  lime  gives  a  total  increase  of  eleven  bushels  of  ears 
of  corn  per  acre  over  the  unmanured  plot,  agreeing  exactly  with  the  increase  obtained  from  the  same 
quantity  of  the  same  manure  on  plot  5,  in  the  first  set  of  experiments. 

Plot  3,  dressed  with  150  pounds  of  sulphate  of  ammonia  per  acre,  gives  a  total  increase  of  28 
bushels  of  ears  of  corn  per  acre  over  the  unmanured  plot,  and  an  increase  of  22|  bushels  of  ears  per 
acre  over  plot  2,  which  received  twenty  loads  of  good,  well-rotted  barn-yard  dung  per  acre. 

Plot  5,  with  400  pounds  of  Peruvian  guano  per  acre,  gives  the  best  crop  of  this  scries,  viz :  an  in 
crease  of  33  bushels  of  ears  of  corn  per  acre  over  the  unmanured  plot,  and  27£  over  the  plot  manured 
with  twenty  loads  of  barn-yard  dung.  The  400  pounds  of  "cancerine,"  an  artificial  manure  made  in 
New  Jersey,  from  fish,  gives  a  total  increase  of  18  bushels  of  ears  per  acre  over  the  unmanured  plot, 
and  12  J  bushels  more  than  that  manured  with  barn-yard  dung ;  though  5  bushels  of  cars  of  sound 
corn  and  10  bushels  of  "nubbins"  per  acre  less  than  the  same  quantity  of  Peruvian  guano. 

At  the  present  price  of  Indian  corn,  artificial  manures  can  be  used  with  considerable  profit,  but 
the  main  dependence  of  the  farmer  must  still  be  on  barn-yard  manure.  The  light,  concentrated  fertil 
izers  should  be  used  as  auxiliaries  to  barn-yard  manure.  In  this  way  they  will  prove  of  great  advan 
tage.  Anything  which  increases  the  crop  of  Indian  corn  increases  the  means  of  making  more  manure, 
and  that  of  a  better  quality. 

The  great  bulk  of  our  farmers,  however,  will  still  rely  on  natural  sources  for  their  manure;  and, 
happily,  there  are  comparatively  few  soils  on  which  Indian  corn  will  not  produce  a  fair  return  if  the  soil 
is  thoroughly  cultivated.  With  our  improved  horsehoes  and  cultivators,  there  is  no  excuse  for  those 
farmers  who  neglect  to  keep  their  corn  land  mellow  and  entirely  free  from  weeds.  When  this  is  done, 
we  can,  in  ordinary  seasons,  and  on  the  majority  of  soils,  be  sure  of  a  good  crop  of  Indian  corn.  It 
must  be  confessed,  however,  that  there  are  too  many  farmers  who  fail  to  practice  this  thorough  culti 
vation.  One  of  the  greatest  advantages  of  the  corn  crop  is,  that,  being  planted  in  rows  at  from  three 
to  four  feet  apart,  the  horsehoe  can  lie  used  to  clean  the  land.  In  this  respect  Indian  corn  is  a  "fallow 
crop;"  and  it  is  much  to  be  regretted  that  so  many  farmers  neglect  to  avail  themselves  of  this  means 
of  cleaning  their  land.  They  would  find  that  the  repeated  stirring  of  the  soil  would  not  only  destroy 
the  weeds,  but  would  make  the  soil  moister  in  dry  weather,  and  increase  its  fertility  by  developing 
the  plant-food  locked  up  in  the  land.  Thorough  cultivation  alone,  would  double  the  average  yield  of 
Indian  corn  in  the  United  States,  besides  leaving  the  land  cleaner  and  in  much  better  condition  for 
future  crops. 


I  N  T  K  U  D  U  C  T  I  0  N  . 


K  YE. 

Bushels  of  rye  produced  in  1860. 


STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

Alabama  

72,  457 

Pennsylvania  

5,  474  788 

Arkansas  

7S,  092 

Khode  Island  .    . 

28  259 

California 

52,  140 

South  Carolina 

89  091 

Connecticut  

CIS,  702 

Tennessee  

257  989 

Delaware  

27,  209 

Texas  

J  1  1    860 

Florida  

21,300 

Vermont  

139,  271 

Georgia  

115,  532 

Virginia.  

944  330 

Illinois  

951,  281 

Wisconsin  

888  544 

Indiana  

463,  495 

loWcl  

183,  022 

Total,  States...    .. 

21   088  970 

Kansas  .  .  . 

3,  833 

Kentucky  .  . 

1,  055,  260 

Louisiana  

36  065 

TKunrroRiEs 

Maine  

123,  287 

Maryland  

518  901 

District  of  Columbia 

6  919 

Massachusetts  

388,  085 

Dakota  

700 

Michigan  .... 

514,  129 

Nebraska  

2  495 

Minnesota  

121,  111 

Nevada  

98 

Mississippi.  . 

30,  474 

New  Mexico 

1   300 

Missouri  

293,  262 

Utah  

754 

New  Hampshire  

128,  247 

Washington  

144 

New  Jersey  .  . 

1   430   497 

New  York  

4   786  905 

Total   Territories 

12  410 

North  Carolina 

436  856 

Ohio  

683  686 

Air  "rebate 

21    101   380 

Oregon  .  .  . 

2,  704 

The  amount  of  rye  produced  in  the  United  States  in  1840  was  18,645,567  bushels;  in  1850, 
14,188,813  bushels;  and  in  1860,  21,101,380  bushels. 

Pennsylvania  and  New  York  are  the  largest  producers  of  rye.  These  two  States  produce  nearly 
as  much  rye  as  all  the  other  States  and  Territories  together.  New  Jersey  also  produces  largely, 
raising  nearly  as  much  rye  as  wheat.  It  is  a  crop  well  adapted  for  light  sandy  soils,  and  in  the  neigh 
borhood  of  large  cities  is  a  profitable  crop,  not  so  much,  however,  for  the  grain  as  for  the  straw. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  rye  raised  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850 : 


Connecticut 

Maine 

Massachusetts . . 
New  Hampshire. 
Rhode  Island. . . 
Vermont . . 


1860. 

618,  702 
123,287 
388,  085 
128,  247 

28,  259 
139,  271 

1,  425,  851 


1850. 
600,  893 
102,916 
481,021 
183,117 

26,  409 
176,  233 

1,570,589 


k  INTRODUCTION. 

The  pro  luction  of  rye  ia  the  New  England  States,  has  fallen  off  somewhat  since  1850,  and  yet 
more  since  1840.  They  continue,  however,  to  raise  more  rye  than  wheat.  In  I860  the  New  England 
States  produced  only  1,077,285  bushels  of  wheat,  against  1,425,851  bushels  of  rye. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  rye  raised  in  the  middle  States  in  I860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 


New  York  

i860. 
4,  786,  905 

1850. 
4,  14S,  182 

New  Jersey         

1,  439,  497 

1,  255   578 

Pennsylvfinia  ..... 

5,  474,  788 

4,  805,  160 

Maryland  .              ....                    ... 

518,  901 

226,  014 

Delaware 

27  209 

8,  066 

District  of  Columbia  

6,  919 

5,  509 

12,254,219  10,448,509 


The  production  of  rye  has  increased  in  all  the  middle  States.  It  has  increased  more  than  three 
fold  in  Delaware,  and  more  than  double  in  Maryland.  It  is,  however,  a  small  crop  in  these  States. 
Pennsylvania,  New  York,  and  New  Jersey  produce  nearly  all  the  rye  raised  in  the  middle  States. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  rye  raised  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 

1850. 

425,918 
78,  792 

105,871 
83,364 
81,253 
19,916 
44,  268 

415,073 


I860. 

Ohio  

683,  686 

Indiana  

463,495 

Michigan  , 

514,  129 

Illinois  

951,  281 

Wisconsin  

888,544 

Iowa  

183,022 

Missouri  

293,  262 

Kentucky  

1,055,260 

Kansas  

3,  833 

Nebraska  

2,495 

Minnesota  

121,411 

125 


5,160,418  1,254,580 


There  is  a  marked  increase  in  the  production  of  rye  in  all  the  western  States  In  the  aggregate 
there  is  four  times  as  much  rye  raised  in  the  western  States  as  in  1850.  Rye,  however,  is  not  an  im 
portant  crop  in  the  west.  Pennsylvania  alone  produces  more  rye  than  all  the  western  States. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  rye  raised  in  the  southern  States  in  186'0,  as  compared 
with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Virginia 944,  3;iO  458, 930 

North  Carolina 436, 856  229, 563 

South  Carolina 89,  091  43,  790 

Georgia 115,  532  53,  750 

Alabama 72,  457  17, 261 

Louisiana 36, 065  475 

Texas Ill,  860  3,  108 

Mississippi 39,  474  9,  606 

Arkansas 78,  092  8, 047 

Tennessee 257, 989  89,  137 

Florida 21,306  1,152 


2,203,052  1,014,819 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixi 

The  production  of  rye  in  the  southern  States,  it  will  be  seen,  has  doubled  since  1850.  Virginia 
and  North  Carolina  are,  by  far,  the  largest  producers  of  rye  in  the  southern  States,  though  there  it  is 
by  no  means  an  important  crop. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  rye  raised  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared 

with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

California 52,  140 

Oregon    2, 704  10G 

New  Mexico ] ,  300 

Washington 144 

Utah..  


316 


California  produces  nearly  all  the  rye  grown  in  the  Pacific  States,  though  there  it  is  not  exten 
sively  cultivated. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  rye  raised  in  the  different  sections  of  the  United  Stales 
in  1850  and  in  I860,  in  proportion  to  the  population: 

I860.  1S50. 

New  England  States 0.42  0.57 

Western  States 0.49  0.19 

Middle  States 1-47  1.57 

Southern  States 0.27  0.1 3 

Pacific  States. .  0.10  0.001 


United  States 0.66  0.64 


Much  more  rye  than  wheat  is  raised  in  New  England,  and  the  crop  has  increased,  as  we  have 
before  shown  from  1850  to  18GO,  but,  as  the  above  table  shows,  it  has  hardly  kept  pace  with  the 
increase  in  population.  There  is  nearly  half  a  bushel  of  rye  raised  in  the  New  England  States  to  each 
inhabitant.  The  western  States  also  raise  about  half  a  bushel  of  rye  to  each  person.  There  is  nearly 
three  times  as  much  rye  raised  in  the  western  States  to  each  inhabitant  as  was  raised  in  1850. 

The  middle  States  produce  about  one  and  a  half  bushel  of  rye  to  each  inhabitant.  There  is, 
however,  a  slight  falling  off  in  proportion  to  population  since  1850. 

In  the  States  and  Territories  there  were  sixty-four  hundredths  of  a  bushel  of  rye  raised  to 
each  inhabitant  in  1850,  and  sixty-six  hundredths  in  I860,  showing  a  slight  increase  in  proportion  to 
population. 

CULTURE  OF  RYE. 

Of  all  the  bread-plants,  rye  will  succeed  best  on  the  driest  and  poorest  soils.  It  will  grow  where 
wheat,  barley,  oats,  and  Indian  corn  would  foil.  With  the  aid  of  a  little  manure  it  can  be  grown  year 
alter  year  on  the  same  soil.  It  is  exceedingly  grateful  for  manure,  and  its  application  to  this  crop  is 
quite  profitable,  especially  in  localities  where  the  straw  is  in  demand. 

Rye  can  be  sown  either  earlier  or  later  than  winter  wheat.  In  sections  where  corn  cannot  be 
harvested  in  time  to  sow  winter  wheat,  rye  is  frequently  substituted  after  Indian  corn. 

In  England  and  in  France,  on  the  light  soils  where  wheat  alone  is  rather  an  uncertain  crop,  it  is  com 
mon  to  sow  rye  with  the  wheat — say  half  a  bushel  of  rye  to  two  bushels  of  wheat.  Large  crops  are 
thus  produced,  and  the  farmers  use  the  mixture,  when  ground  and  bolted,  for  domestic  use.  It  is 
called  "monk  corn."  In  Germany,  under  the  name  of  "mcslin,"  in  France,  "meteil,"  the  same  mix 
ture  is  extensively  used.  There  is  no  sweeter  bread  than  that  made  of  these  mixed  grains,  and  its 
long  retention  of  moisture  would  render  it  valuable  and  popular  as  an  army  bread. 

Production  of  wheat,  rye,  and  corn,  in  proportion  to  population. — It  may  be  well  here  to  group 
together  the  principal  bread-crops  of  the  United  States  for  the  years  1850  and  1860,  to  facilitate  com- 


Ixii  INTRODUCTION. 

parisons  respecting  tne  aggregate  product  of  these  cereals.  In  1850  the  United  States,  with  a  popula 
tion  of  23,191,876,  exclusive  of  Indian  tribes,  produced  100,485,944  bushels  of  wheat,  or  4.33  to  each 
inhabitant;  14,188,813  bushels  of  rye,  or  0.61  to  each  inhabitant;  and  592,071,104  bushels  of  corn, 
or  25.53  to  each  inhabitant. 

In  1860,  with  a  population,  exclusive  of  Indian  tribes,  of  31,443,321,  there  were  173,104,924 
bushels  of  wheat  produced,  or  5.50  to  each  inhabitant,  showing  an  increase  of  one  bushel  and  one- 
sixth  to  each  inhabitant,  or  an  increase,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  twenty-seven  per  cent.  Of  rye 
there  were  21,101,380  bushels  produced,  or  0.67  to  each  inhabitant,  showing  an  increase  of  0.06  to  each 
inhabitant,  or  an  increase,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  about  ten  per  cent.  Of  corn  there  were 
838,792,740  bushels  produced,  or  26.73  to  each  inhabitant,  showing  an  increase  of  1.20  to  each 
inhabitant,  or  an  increase,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  4.7  per  cent. 

The  aggregate  product  of  wheat,  rye,  and  corn  produced  in  the  United  States  in  1850  was 
706,745,861  bushels,  or  30.47  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  the  aggregate  product  of  wheat,  rye,  and 
corn  was  1,032,999,044  bushels,  or  32.90  to  each  inhabitant;  an  increase,  in  proportion  to  population,  of 
7.97  per  cent. 

The  New  England  States,  with  a  population  of  2,728,116  in  1850,  produced  1,090,894  bushels  of 
wheat,  or  only  thirteen  quarts  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860,  with  a  population  of  3,135,283,  the  New 
England  States  produced  1,083,193  bushels,  or  about  eleven  quarts  and  a  half  to  each  inhabitant, 
showing  a  decrease,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  34.7  per  cent.  Of  rye,  the  New  England  States 
produced  in  1850  1,570,589  bushels,  or  0.539  to  each  inhabitant. 

In  1860  they  produced  1,425,851  bushels,  or  0.455  to  each  inhabitant,  being  a  decrease,  in  pro 
portion  to  population,  of  18.46  per  cent.  The  same  States  in  1850  produced  10,175,856  bushels  of 
corn,  or  3.73  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  they  produced  9,164,505  bushels  of  corn,  or  2.92  to  each 
inhabitant;  a  decrease,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  27.74  per  cent. 

The  aggregate  of  wheat,  rye,  and  corn  produced  in  the  New  England  States  in  1850  was 
12,837,339  bushels,  or  4.73  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  the  aggregate  of  wheat,  rye,  and  corn  pro 
duced  was  11,673,549  bushels,  or  3  72  to  each  inhabitant,  showing  a  decrease,  in  proportion  to  popula 
tion,  of  twenty-seven  per  cent. 

The  middle  States,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  and  Maryland,  in  1850,  with 
a  population  of  6,573,301,  produced  35,067,570  bushels  of  wheat,  or  5.33  to  each  inhabitant.'  The 
same  States,  in  1860,  with  a  population  of  8,258,150,  produced  30,502,909  bushels,  or  3.69  to  each 
inhabitant;  a  decrease,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  44.4  per  cent.  Of  rye,  these  States,  in  1850,  pro 
duced  10,443,000  bushels,  or  1.58  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  the  product  was  12,247,300  bushels, 
or  1.48  to  each  inhabitant,  being  a  decrease  of  6.7  per  cent,  in  proportion  to  population.  Of  corn  there 
were  produced  in  1850  60,348,718  bushels,  or  9.18  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  there  were  produced 
75,318,465  bushels,  or  9.12  to  each  inhabitant;  a  decrease,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  0.65  per  cent. 
The  aggregate  of  wheat,  rye,  and  corn  produced  in  the  middle  States  in  1850  was  105.859,288  bushels, 
or  16.1  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  the  aggregate  product  was  118,068,674  bushels,  or  14.29  to  each 
inhabitant;  a  decrease,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  12.6  per  cent. 

The  western  States,  Ohio,  Michigan,  Wisconsin,  Minnesota,  Iowa,  Kansas,  Missouri,  Kentucky, 
Indiana,  and  Illinois,  in  1850,  with  a  population  of  6,379,723,  produced  46,076,318  bushels  of  wheat,  or 
7.22  to  each  inhabitant.  The  same  States,  in  1860,  with  a  population  of  10,218,722, produced  102,251,127 
bushels,  or  10  to  each  inhabitant;  an  increase,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  38.5  per  cent.  Of  rye,  the 
product  in  1850  was  1,254,580  bushels,  or  0.196  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  the  product  was  5,157,923 
bushels,  or  0.504  to  each  inhabitant;  being  an  increase,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  157  per  cent.  Of 
corn,  the  product  in  1850  was  280,881,093  bushels,  or  44  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  the  product  was 
468,708,017  bushels,  or  45.86  to  each  inhabitant;  an  increase,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  4  percent. 
The  aggregate  of  wheat,  rye,  and  corn  produced  in  1850  was  328,211,991  bushels,  or  51.4  to  each 
inhabitant.  In  1860  the  aggregate  was  576,117,067  bushels,  or  56.36  to  each  inhabitant;  an  increase, 
in  proportion  to  population,  of  9.63  per  cent. 


INTRODUCTION. 


Ixiii 


The  southern  States — Alabama,  Arkansas,  Florida,  Georgia,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  North  Carolina, 
South  Carolina,  Tennessee,  Virginia,  and  Texas — in  1850,  with  a  population  of  7,373,954,  produced 
17,791,761  bushels  of  wheat,  or  2.42  to  each  inhabitant.  In  18GO  the  same  States,  with  a  population 
of  8,975,124,  produced  81,441,826  bushels,  or  3.50  to  each  inhabitant;  an  increase,  in  proportion  to 
population,  of  44.6  per  cent.  In  1850  the  product  of  rye  was  914,819  bushels,  or  0.12  to  each  inhabitant. 
In  1860  the  quantity  produced  was  2,203,052  bushels,  or  0.256  to  each  inhabitant ;  an  increase,  in  pro 
portion  to  population,  of  113.3  per  cent.  The  product  of  corn  in  1850  was  240,209,743  bushels,  or 
32.68  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  the  product  was  282,626,778  bushels,  or  31.49  to  each  inhabitant;  a 
decrease,  in  proportion  to  population,  of  3.78  per  cent.  The  aggregate  of  wheat,  rye,  and  corn  produced 
in  1850  was  258,916,323  bushels,  or  35.2  to  each  inhabitant.  In  1860  the  aggregate  was  316,271,656 
bushels,  or  35  24  to  each  inhabitant;  the  number  of  bushels  to  each  inhabitant  being  the  same  as  in  1850. 

Statistics  <>f  itlicat,  rye,  and  corn  produced  in  the  United  blatcs. 


Grain. 

1850. 

1860. 

CJ 

i 

Q> 

i 

o 

o 
o 

a 

M 

Increase  or  decrease  in  bush 
els  to  each  inhabitant. 

Increase  or  decrease  per  cent, 
in  proportion  to  popula- 
^tion. 

Number  of  bushels. 

Number  of  bushels  to 
each  inhabitant. 

Number  of  bushels. 

Number  of  bushels  to 
each  inhabitant. 

UNITED   STATES. 

Wheat      

100,485,944 
]4,  188,8)3 
592,071,104 

4.  315 
.61 
25.53 

173,104,924 
21,101,380 
838,  792,  740 

5.50 
.67 
2<5.73 

72,618,980 
6,912,567 
246,721,636 

1.17 
.06 
1.20 

27 
9.8 
4.7 

Rye                        

Total       

700,745,861 

30.  47 

]  ,  032,  999,  044 

32.90 

326,253,183 

2.  43 

7.97 

NEW  ENGLAND  STATICS. 
Wheat                        .             

1,090,894 
1,  570,  589 
10,175,856 

4.65 
.  539 
3.73 

1,083,193 
1  ,  425,  851 

9,164,505 

.345 
.455 
2.92 

"7,701 
"144,738 
*l,(i]],351 

"J.20 

*.  084 
'.81 

•34.  7 
•18.  4C 
•27.74 

i;ve 

Total         

12,837,339 

4.71! 

11,673,549 

3.72 

*  1,1  63,  790 

*1.01 

*27 

MIDDLE   STATES. 

Wheat  

35,  067,  570 
10,443,000 
60,348,718 

5.33 
1.58 
9.18 

30,  502,  909 
12,247,300 
75,318,465 

3.69 
1.48 
9.  12 

•4,564,661 
1,804,300 
14,969,747 

»1.64 
*.  10 

*.06 

•44.4 

»6.7 
*.G5 

Rye 

Total           ..          

105,859,288 

16.10 

118,068,674 

14.29 

12,209,386 

*1.80 

"12.6 

WESTERN  STATES. 

Wheat 

46,  076,  318 
1.254,580 

2*,  881,093 

7.88 

.196 
44 

102,251,127 
5,  157,  923 

468,708,017 

10 
.504 
45.86 

56,174,809 
3,903,343 
187,826,924 

2.78 
.308 
1.86 

38.5 

157 
4 

Rye  .. 

Corn      .           .     

Total 

328,211,991 

51.4 

576,  117,007 

56.36 

247,  905,  076 

4.95 

9.63 

SOUTHERN   STATES. 

Wheat 

17,791,761 
914,819 

240,209,743 

2.  42 
.18 

32.68 

31,441,826 
2,203,052 

282,626,778 

3.50 
.256 
31.49 

13,650,065 
1,288,233 
42,  417,  035 

1.08 

.136 
•1.19 

44.6 
113.3 
•3.78 

Rye  .  . 

Corn  

Total  

258,916.323 

35.2 

316,271,656 

35.24 

57,  355,  333 

*  Decrease. 


Ixiv 


I  N  T  R  O  D  U  C  T  I  ()  N 


OATS. 

Buslieh  of  oats  produced  in  1860." 


STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

Alabama,             

682,  179 

Pennsylvania,  

27   387   147 

475,  268 

Rhode  Island 

°44  453 

California                                   

1   043,  006 

South  Carolina 

936  974 

Connecticut                 -•  

1,522,218 

Tennessee  ........ 

2  267   814 

Delaware        

1,046,910 

Texas  ......................    .. 

985  889 

Florida                                           

46,  899 

Vermont 

3  630  267 

Oeonna                      ...,  

1,  231,  817 

Virginia  ....         ....    .. 

10   186  720 

15,  220,  029 

11   059   °GO 

5,  317,  831 

Iowa                          .         

5,  SS7,  645 

Total,  States              ... 

172  330  722 

88  3«>5 

4,  617,  029 

Louisiana                                         

89,  377 

TERRITORIES 

Maine      .        

2,  988,  939 

Maryland  

3,  959,  298 

District  of  Columbia.    . 

29   548 

Massachusetts  

1,  180,075 

Dakota  

2,  540 

Michigan    .                     

4,  036,  980 

Nebraska 

74  502 

Minnesota  

2,  176,  002 

Nevada         ... 

1   082 

Mississippi                                    

221,  235 

Ncvr  Mexico 

7  246 

Missouri  ..        

3,  680,  870 

Utah 

63  211 

New  Hampshire    

1,  329,233 

Washington  .................... 

134  334 

New  Jersey                              

4  539,  132 

New  York      

35,  175,  134 

Total  Territories 

312   463 

2  781   860 

Ohio  

15,  409,  234 

172,  643,  185 

Oregon                         

885,  673 

More  oats  than  wheat  is  raised  in  the  United  States  by  over  a  million  bushels.  In  1860  there 
were  172,643,185  bushels  of  oats  raised,  against  146,584,179  bushels  in  1850.  The  increase  is  by  no 
means  equal  to  the  increase  in  population,  and  is  far  Jess  than  the  increase  in  wheat  and  Indian  corn. 

New  York  is  the  greatest  oat-growing  State  in  the  Union,  producing  35,175,134  bushels. 
Pennsylvania  comes  next,  producing  27,387,147  bushels.  Ohio  stands  third,  producing  15,409,234 
bushels.  Illinois  is  fourth,  producing  15,220,029  bushels.  Wisconsin  stands  fifth,  producing 
11,059,270  bushels.  Virginia  comes  next,  producing  10,186,720  bushels. 

The  four  States  of  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  and  Illinois,  produce  more  oats  than  all  the 
other  States  and  Territories. 

The  New  England  States  produced  10,766,523  bushels  in  I860,  against  8,101,268  in  1850,  as 
follows : 

I860.  1850. 

Maine 2,988,939  2,  181,037 

New  Hampshire 1,  329,  233  973,  381 

Vermont 3,  630,267  2,307,  734 

Massachusetts 1,180,075  1,165,146 

Rhode  Island 234,  453  215, 232 

Connecticut 1, 522, 218  1, 258, 738 


10,  885, 185 


8,  101,268 


1  N  T  R  O  D  U  C  T  I  O  N.  Ixv 

Vermont  is  the  largest  oat-producing  State  in  New  England,  Maine  coming  next.  Both  these 
States  fell  off  in  the  production  of  Indian  corn  in  1860  as  compared  with  1850;  but  the  oat  crop 
has  materially  increased.  In  none  of  the  New  England  States  has  there  been  any  falling  off  in  the 
production  of  oats,  while  in  the  aggregate  there  has  been  an  increase  of  over  25  per  cent. 

In  the  middle  States,  the  oat  crop  has  increased  from  54,323,836  bushels  in  1850,  to  72,137,170 
bushels  in  1860,  as  follows: 

I860  1850. 

New  York 35,  175,  133  26,  552,  814 

Now  Jersey 4,  539,  132  3,  378,  063 

Maryland 3,  959,  298  2,  242,  151 

Pennsylvania 27,  387,  149  21,  538,  156 

Delaware .  1,046,910  (104,518 

District  of  Columbia. .  29, 548  8,  134 


72,  137,  170  54,  323,  836 


There  is  no  falling  off  in  any  of  the  middle  States.  The  increase  from  1850  to  1860,  in  the  aggre 
gate,  is  over  25  per  cent. 

In  1860,  as  compared  with  1850,  the  production  of  wheat  in  the  middle  States,  as  we  have  before 
remarked,  fell  off  nearly  five  millions  of  bushels.  On  the  other  hand,  the  crop  of  Indian  corn  increased 
in  the  same  period  nearly  fourteen  millions  of  bushels ;  and,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  above  table,  the 
crop  of  oats  also  increased  in  the  same  period  nearly  eighteen  millions  of  bushels.  In  other  words, 
while  we  lose  five  million  bushels  of  wheat,  we  gain  nearly  thirty-two  million'  bushels  of  Indian  corn 
and  oats.  The  decrease  in  the  production  of  wheat,  caused  by  the  midge,  is  not  an  unmixed  evil — the 
land  has  been  devoted  to  other  crops. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  oats  raised  in  the  western  States  in  1860  and  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Illinois 15,  220,  029  10,  087,  241 

Indiana 5,  317,  381  5,  655,  014 

Iowa 5,  887,  645  I,  624,  345 

Kansas 88,  325 

Kentucky 4,  617,  029  8,  201,  31 1 

Michigan 4,  036,  980  2,  866,  056 

Minnesota 2,  176,  002  30,  582 

Missouri 3,  680,  870  5,  278,  079 

Ohio 15,  409,  234  13,  472,  742 

Wisconsin 11,  059,  260  3,  414,  672 

Nebraska . .  74, 502              


67,567,257      48,530,042 


Ohio  produces  more  oats  than  any  other  western  State.  Illinois  produces  nearly  as  much,  and 
shows  a  much  greater  increase  than  Ohio  since  1850.  Wisconsin  comes  next.  The  production  of  oats 
in  this  State  has  increased  from  less  than  three  and  a  half  million  bushels  in  1850  to  over  eleven  million 
bushels  in  1860. 

The  three  States  of  Ohio,  Illinois,  and  Wisconsin  produce  over  62  per  cent,  of  all  the  oats  raised 
in  the  western  States.  In  round  numbers  these  three  States  produce  forty-two  million  bushels  of  oats, 
while  all  the  other  western  States  produce  only  twenty-five  million  bushels. 

In  the  production  of  oats,  as  in  other  crops,  Minnesota  shows  a  rapid  increase.  In  1860  she  pro 
duced  over  two  million  bushels  of  oats  against  thirty  thousand  bushels  in  1850.  Iowa,  Wisconsin,  and 
Michigan  show  a  marked  increase  in  the  yield  of  oats.  Indiana,  on  the  other  hand,  has  slightly  de 
creased.  Kentucky  has  fallen  off  nearly  one-half.  Missouri  also  shows  a  marked  decrease  in  the  oat 
crop,  falling  off  from  five  million  bushels  in  1850  to  three  and  a  half  million  bushels  in  1860. 


Ixvi  INTRODUCTION. 

On  the  whole,  the  western  States  do  not  show  as  great  an  increase  in  the  production  of  oats  as  of 
Indian  corn  or  wheat.  The  most  remarkable  decrease  in  the  oat  crop,  however,  is  in  the  southern 
States.  This  will  be  seen  from  the  following  table,  showing  the  production  of  oats  in  the  different 
southern  States  in  18GO  and  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama 682,  179  2, 065, 696 

Arkansas 475, 268  656,  183 

Florida 46,  899  66, 586 

Georgia 1,231,817  3,820,044 

Louisiana 89,  377  89, 637 

Mississippi 221, 235  1. 503, 288 

North  Carolina 2,  781,  860  4,  052,  078 

South  Carolina 936,  974  2,  322,  155 

Tennessee 2,  267,  814  7,  703,  OS6 

Texas 985, 889  199, 017 

Virginia 10,  186,  720  10,  179,  144 


19,  906,  032  33,  566,  913 


With  the  exception  of  Texas  and  Virginia,  the  oat  crop  has  fallen  off  in  every  southern  State. 
The  crop  in  Alabama  fell  off  from  nearly  three  million  bushels  in  1850  to  less  than  three-quarters  of  a 
million  in  I860.  Mississippi  falls  off  from  one  and  a  half  million  to  two  hundred  and  twenty  thousand, 
and  other  States,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  table,  also  fall  off  to  an  equal  extent. 

This  rapid  decrease  in  the  production  of  oats  in  the  slave  States  is  quite  curious.  In  the  table 
showing  the  amount  of  oats  raised  in  the  western  States  it  will  be  observed  that  Kentucky  and  Wis 
consin  showed  a  marked  falling  off  in  the  production  of  oats.  It  is  probable,  however,  that  the  system 
of  labor  there  adopted,  has  less  to  do  with  the  fact  than  the  nature  of  the  climate.  Oats  are  essentially 
a  northern  crop;  and,  while  they  flourish  well  in  the  southwest,  it  is  doubtless  found  that  other  crops 
which  do  not  thrive  so  well  in  a  more  northern  latitude  can  be  raised  south  with  greater  profit. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  oats  in  the  Pacific  States: 

18(50.  1850. 

California 1,  043,  006  

Oregon 885,  673  61,  214 

New  Mexico 7, 246  5 

Washington 134, 334  

Utah 63,211  10,900 


2,  133,  420  72,  119 


California,  which  was  unreported  in  1850,  produces  over  a  million  bushels  in  1860.  Oregon  also 
has  increased  to  an  almost  equal  extent. 

The  following  table  shows  the  production  of  oats  in  the  different  sections  of  the  country  in  1850 
and  in  1860  in  proportion  to  population: 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 3.43  2.95 

Middle  States 8.65  8.20 

Western  States 6.51  7.59 

Southern  States 2.18  4.46 

Pacific  States . .                                                                                                                4.00  0.40 


United  States 5.49  6.32 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixvii 

The  New  England  States  produced  about  the  same  quantity  of  oats  as  of  Indian  corn  ;  but,  while 
(here  has  been  a  tailing  off  in  the  production  of  Indian  corn,  in  proportion  to  population,  between  1850 
and  18GO,  the  production  of  oats  has  increased  about  half  a  bushel  to  each  inhabitant,  or  from  2.!)5 
bushels  in  1850  to  3.43  bushels  in  I860. 

The  middle  States  raise  more  oats,  in  proportion  to  population,  than  any  other  section.  In  the 
production  of  wheat  there  has  been  a  great  falling  off  from  1850  to  1860,  and  in  Indian  corn  there  was 
a  slight  decline  in  proportion  to  population ;  but  the  oat  crop  has  increased  more  than  enough  to  make 
up  for  the  deficiency  in  the  corn  crop,  though  by  no  means  sufficient,  in  proportion  to  population,  to 
make  up  for  the  decrease  in  the  yield  of  wheat.  In  1860  the  middle  States  produced  about  nine 
bushels  of  Indian  corn  to  each  person,  and  a  little  over  eight  and  one-half  bushels  of  oats. 

The  western  States,  which  produce  over  45  bushels  of  Indian  corn,  produce  only  six  and  one-half 
bushels  of  oats  to  each  inhabitant.  The  increase  in  the  production  of  oats  in  the  western  States  does 
not  keep  pace  with  the  increase  in  population.  In  1860,  as  compared  with  1850,  there  is  a  falling  off 
of  over  one  bushel  of  oats  to  each  person. 

The  southern  States  produced  nearly  four  and  one-half  bushels  of  oats  to  each  person  in  1850, 
and  only  a  fraction  over  two  bushels  in  1860. 

The  Pacific  States,  in  1860,  produced  four  bushels  of  oats  to  each  person. 

Taking  the  country  as  a  whole,  the  production  of  oats  has  not  kept  pace  with  the  increase  in  popu 
lation.  In  1850  we  produced  six  and  three-tenths  bushels  to  each  person,  and  in  1860  less  than  five 
and  one-half  bushels. 

THE  CULTURE  OB'  OATS. 

This  grain,  while  paying  well  for  good  cultivation,  can  be  raised  with  less  labor  than  any  other 
cereal  crop,  and  will  thrive  on  a  great  variety  of  soils.  Where  extra  care  is  taken  in  preparing  and 
enriching  the  land,  the  best  and  heaviest  oats  are  produced  on  a  clayey  loam ;  but,  as  a  general  rule, 
in  this  country,  oats  are  raised  on  low,  moist,  rather  mucky  soils.  Unlike  barley,  they  succeed  on 
sod-land.  They  are  frequently  sown  on  new,  moist  land,  that  would  otherwise  be  planted  with  Indian 
corn.  They  require  less  labor  in  planting  and  cultivating  than  corn,  and  are  sown  to  a  considerable 
extent  on  this  account. 

In  New  York  and  Pennsylvania,  which  produce  more  than  one-third  of  all  the  oats  raised  in  the 
United  States  and  Territories,  oats  are  frequently  sown  on  land  intended  for  wheat,  taking  the  place 
formerly  occupied  by  a  summer  fallow.  Where  the  land  is  rich  enough,  good  wheat  is  often  obtained 
after  oats;  but,  as  a  general  rule,  the  oats  arc  obtained  at  the  expense  of  the  succeeding  wheat  crop. 


Ixviii 


INTRODUCTION. 


BARLEY. 

Itusheh  of  barley  produced  in  lb'60. 


STATES.                                                        BUSHELS. 

STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

Alabama  15,  135 

Pennsylvania. 

530   714 

Arkansas  .  .                  ...                     3,  158 

Rhode  Island 

4.0    OOT 

California  4,415,426 

South  Carolina 

11   490 

Connecticut  20,813 

Tennessee 

25   144 

Delaware  3,  646 

Texas  

67  562 

Florida  8,  369 

Vermont  

79  211 

Georgia  14,  682 

Virginia 

68  846 

Illinois  1   036,  338 

\Visconsin            ... 

707   307 

Indiana                                                                                   382  245 

Iowa  467,103 

Total,  States 

15  802   322 

Kansas                                                                                    4  716 

Kentucky  .                                 ...                  270  685 

Louisiana  .                            224 

Maine                                                                                      802   108 

Maryland  17,  350 

District  of  Columbia 

175 

Massachusetts  134,  891 

Dakota 

Michigan    .             .                   307,  8C8 

1   108 

Minnesota  109,  668 

Nevada,  .... 

1,  597 

Mississippi  .  .                       1,  875 

New  Mexico 

6  099 

Missouri  228,  502 

Utah 

9,  976 

New  Hampshire  121,  103 

AVashington  . 

4,  621 

New  York                           .                                           4   J86  668 

23,  576 

North  Carolina                                                                          3  445 

Ohio          .  .              .  .                         1,  663  868 

Afirsrreffate 

15  825,  898 

Oregon  .                26,254 

The  climate  of  the  United  States  is  not  as  well  adapted  to  the  production  of  barley  as  of  wheat. 
Barley  delights  in  a  moist  climate  and  an  extended  growing  season.  It  is  for  this  reason  that  English 
barley  is  superior  to  that  of  any  other  country.  While  we  can  raise  wheat  of  a  quality  superior  to 
that  of  England,  our  best  barley  would  not  be  used  by  a  London  maltster. 

Barley  is  now  used  in  this  country  principally  for  beer-making  purposes.  With  the  rapid  increase 
in  our  foreign  population  there  is  yearly  an  increased  demand  for  barley,  and  the  price  has  advanced 
much  more  than  that  of  any  other  of  our  ordinary  grain  crops.  Weight  for  weight,  barley  of  late  years 
has  brought  a  higher  price  than  wheat,  and,  where  the  soil  and  climate  are  well  suited  to  its  production, 
there  are  few  crops  more  profitable.  In  favorable  circumstances  it  is  believed  that  three  bushels  of 
barley  can  be  raised  with  as  little  expense  as  two  bushels  of  wheat.  Barley,  of  all  ordinary  crops, 
however,  requires  good  culture.  It  is  only  on  well-drained  and  highly  cultivated  farms  that  we  can 
depend  for  raising  good  crops. 

As  compared  with  Indian  corn,  wheat,  and  oats,  barley  occupies  a  very  subordinate  position 
in  American  agriculture.  In  1860  the  total  crop  of  the  States  and  Territories  was  15,825,898 
bushels;  while,  in  round  numbers,  there  were  838,000,000  bushels  of  Indian  corn,  173,000,000  bushels 
of  wheat,  and  172,000,000  bushels  of  oats.  As  compared  with  1850,  however,  the  increase  in  the  pro 
duction  of  barley  has  been  greater  than  in  any  of  these  crops.  In  round  numbers,  the  barley  crop  in 
1850  was  5,000.000  bushels,  and  in  1860  15,000,000  bushels,  or  an  increase  of  200  per  cent.  This  is 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixix 

due  principally,  as  before  remarked,  to  the  increased  demand  for  barley  for  malting  purposes,  and  the 
high  price  which,  relatively  to  other  crops,  and  to  the  expense  of  its  cultivation,  it  commands  in  market. 
The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  barley  raised  in  the  New  England  States  in  I860  as 
compared  with  1 850  : 

I860.  1850. 

Connecticut 20,  813               19, 090 

Massachusetts 134,891  112,385 

Vermont 79,  211                 42,  150 

Rhode  Island 40, 993               18, 875 

New  Hampshire 121,  103                70, 256 

Maine..  802,108  151,731 


1,199,119  414,496 


It  will  be  seen  that  the  crop  has  increased  in  every  one  of  the  New  England  States.  In  the  ag 
gregate  there  was  nearly  three  times  as  much  raised  in  1860  as  in  1850.  The  greatest  increase  is  in 
Maine.  More  than  five  times  as  much  was  raised  in  this  State  in  1860  as  in  1850. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  barley  raised  in  the  middle  States  in  1860  as  compared 
with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 4,  186,  G67  3,  585,  059 

Pennsylvania 530,  716  165,  584 

New  Jersey 21,  9 1 5  6,  492 

Delaware 3, 646  56 

Maryland 17,  350  745 

District  of  Columbia ..  175  75 


4,753,469  3,758,011 


The  production  of  barley  in  each  of  the  middle  States  has  increased  since  1850;  but  the  increase 
is  by  no  means  equal  to  that  in  the  New  England  States.  New  York  produces  over  85  per  cent,  of  all 
the  barley  raised  in  the  middle  States.  The  increased  per  cent.,  however,  in  this  State  has  been  far 
less  than  in  the  other  States.  This,  however,  is  due  to  the  fact  that,  as  compared  with  other  States, 
her  barley  crop  was  so  large  in  1850.  She  produced  over  half  a  million  bushels  more  barley  in  1860 
than  in  1850,  which  is  nearly  as  much  as  the  total  crop  in  the  other  middle  States. 

Pennsylvania,  which  raised  thirteen  million  bushels  of  wheat  in  1860,  while  New  York  raised  only 
eight  and  a  half  million  bushels,  and  twenty-eight  million  bushels  of  Indian  corn  to  twenty  million 
bushels  in  New  York,  produces  only  a  little  more  than  half  a  million  bushels  of  barley,  while  New  York 
produces  over  four  million  bushels. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  barley  raised  in  the  western  States  in  1860  as  compared 
with  1850 : 

I860.  18oO. 

Illinois 1,036,338  110,795 

Indiana 382, 245  45,  483 

Iowa 467,  103  25,  093 

Kansas 4,  716 

Kentucky 270,  685  95, 343 

Michigan 307,  868  75,  249 

Minnesota 109, 668  1,  216 

Missouri 228,  502  9, 631 

Ohio 1 ,  663,  S6S  354,  358 

Nebraska 1,  108              

4,  472,  101  717,  168 


Ixx  INTRODUCTION, 

Western  States,  inclusive,  produce  but  little  more  barley  than  the  State  of  New  York  alone.  Ohio 
produces  more  barley  than  any  other  western  State.  Illinois  comes  next.  These  two  States  produce 
about  one  million  bushels  more  barley  than  all  the  other  western  States. 

Though  the  aggregate  production  of  barley  in  the  western  States  is  so  small,  the  increase  since 
1850  has  been  very  great.  The  crop  of  Illinois  has  increased  eight  hundred  and  fifty  per  cent.  Iowa 
even  more,  or  about  eighteen  hundred  per  cent.  Missouri  has  increased  still  more  rapidly,  or  nearly 
two  thousand  three  hundred  per  cent. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  barley  raised  in  the  southern  States  in  1860  as  com 
pared  with  1850 : 

J8GO.  1850. 

Alabama 15,  135  2, 958 

Arkansas 3,  158  177 

Florida 8,  3G9  

Georgia 14,682  11,  501 

Louisiana 224  

Mississippi 1,  875  228 

North  Carolina . .          3,  445  2,  735 

South  Carolina 11,  490  4,  583 

Tennessee 25,  144  2,  737 

Texas 07,562  4,770 

Virginia 08,  840  25,  437 


219,930  56,132 


The  production  of  barley  in  the  southern  States  is  quite  small.  The  single  State  of  Maine  alone 
produces  tour  times  as  much  barley  as  all  the  southern  States.  The  increase,  however,  since  1850,  is 
very  decided,  or  over  three  hundred  per  cent.  Virginia  produces  nearly  one-third  of  all  the  barley 
raised  in  the  southern  States.  Texas,  Tennessee,  Georgia,  Alabama,  and  South  Carolina  are  the 
principal  southern  barley-growing  States;  but  even  in  these  States  the  crop  is  very  small. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  barley  raised  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860  as  compared 
with  1850: 

J860.  1850. 

California 4,  415,  420  9,  712 

Oiegou 20,254  

New  Mexico 0, 099  5 

Washington 4, 621  

Utah  . .                                                                                                                       9, 976  1 ,  799 


4,462,376  11,510 


California  produces  nearly  all  the  barley  raised  in  the  Pacific  States.  It  is  a  noteworthy  fact,  that 
this  young  State  produces  more  barley  than  any  other  State  in  the  Union.  California  and  New  York 
produce  more  barley  than  all  the  other  States  and  Territories  included. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  barley  raised  in  different  sections  of  the  United  States  in 
1860  and  1850,  in  proportion  to  the  population  : 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 0.38  0.15 

Middle  States 0.54  0.56 

Western  States 0.43  0.11 

Southern  States 0.02  0.001 

Pacific  States..  7.88  0.05 


United  States  and  Territories . .  0.40  0.22 


INTRODUCTION. 


Ixxi 


It  will  be  seen  that  the  production  of  barley  in  all  the  States  more  than  keeps  up  with  the  in 
crease  in  population.  In  fact  the  amount  of  barley  raised  to  each  person  in  1860  was  nearly  twice  as 
much  as  in  1850.  It  was  more  than  double  in  the  New  England  States;  nearly  four  times  as  great 
in  the  western  States,  and  about  fifteen  times  as  great  in  the  Pacific  States. 

In  the  middle  States  alone,  has  the  increase  in  the  crop  fallen  below  the  increase  in  population. 

CULTURE  OF  BARLEY. 

As  before  remarked,  barley  requires  good  cultivation.  It  delights  in  a  warm,  active,  fertile  soil.  It 
docs  not  do  well  on  sod-land.  In  England  it  is  usually  sown  on  light,  sandy  soils,  afler  a  crop  of 
turnips  that  have  been  eaten  on  the  land  by  sheep.  The  droppings  of  the  sheep  enrich  the  land,  while 
the  small  feet  of  the  sheep  consolidate  the  light,  porous  soil.  In  this  country  barley  appears  to  flourish 
on  heavier  soils,  especially  if  they  are  thoroughly  pulverized.  At  all  events  the  soil  must  be  well  drained 
and  the  crop  sown  in  good  season  in  the  spring.  Our  season  is  so  short,  and  the  roots  of  barley  ex 
tend,  as  compared  with  winter  wheat,  over  such  a  small  surface,  that  it  is  exceedingly  important  that 
the  soil  contain  a  liberal  supply  of  plant-food  in  an  active  condition. 

Winter  barley  is  grown  to  a  considerable  extent  in  the  southwestern  States,  and  its  cultivation  is 
rapidly  increasing  in  western  New  York,  where  it  takes  the  place,  to  a  certain  extent,  of  winter  wheat. 
Winter  barley  is  heavier  than  spring  barley,  and  commands  a  higher  price.  It  is  sown  at  the  same 
time  as  winter  wheat,  and  requires  the  same  cultivation. 

BUCKWHEAT. 

Bushels  of  buckwheat  produced  in  1860. 


STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

STATES 

BUSHELS. 

1,347 
509 

76,  887 
309,  107 
16,  355 

Pennsylvania              

5,  572,  024 
3,573 
602 
14,  481 
1,349 
225,415 
478,  090 
38,  987 

Arkansas  

Rhode  Island  

California  .      .                     .  . 

South  Carolina         ..... 

Connecticut  

Tennessee  .... 

Delaware 

Texas              

Florida  

Vermont  -  

Georgia  

2,023 
324,117 
396,  989 
215,705 
41,575 
18,  928 
160 
239,  519 
212,  338 
123,202 
529,  916 
28,  052 
1,699 
182,  292 
89,  996 
877,  386 
5,  126,  307 
35,  924 
2,  370,  650 
2,749 

Virginia  

Illinois  

^Visconsin.  ... 

Indiana  ..... 

Total   States             

Iowa  

17,  558,  253 

TERRITORIES. 

Kentucky  

445 
115 
12,  224 

Louisiana  

Maine  

Maryland  

Massachusetts  

Dakota                                       .          

Michigan  

Minnesota  

Mississippi  

New  Mexico       .        ................... 

6 
68 
707 

Missouri  

Utah 

New  Hampshire  

Washington  .      .             ..... 

New  Jersey  

Total   Territories 

New  York  

13,  565 

North  Carolina  

Ohio  

17,571,818 

Oregon  

Ixxii  INTRODUCTION. 

Buckwheat  is  an  important  crop  in  many  sections  of  the  United  States.  It  has  properties  which 
render  it  peculiarly  well  suited  to  take  the  place  it  occupies  among  our  grain  crops.  It  is  not  botani- 
cally  a  cereal,  but  it  affords  a  highly  nutritious  grain,  which  is  used  to  a  considerable  extent  as  food  for 
man  and  animals.  It  can  be  sown  later  in  the  season  than  any  other  grain-crop.  In  favorable  sea 
sons,  and  on  good  soil,  the  yield  is  very  large.  It  is  so  rampant  a  grower  that  it  smothers  out  weeds, 
and  is  frequently  sown  for  this  purpose.  It  is  also  grown  as  a  green-crop  for  ploughing  under  as 
manure.  Being  sown  so  late  in  the  season,  it  can  be  grown  on  land  that  is  too  wet  for  other  crops. 
On  the  other  hand,  it  succeeds  well  on  rough,  hilly  land,  where  almost  any  other  crop  would  perish. 

The  total  production  of  buckwheat  in  the  United  States  and  Territories  in  1840  was  7,291,743 
bushels,  in  1850  8,956,912  bushels,  and  in  1860  17,571,818  bushels.  The  crop  of  1860  was  nearly 
double  what  it  was  in  1850,  showing  a  larger  increase  than  any  other  grain-crop. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  buckwheat  raised  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860, 
as  compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Connecticut 309,  107  229, 297 

Maine 339, 519  104, 523 

Massachusetts 123, 202  1 05,  895 

New  Hampshire 89, 996  65, 265 

Rhode  Island 3,  573  1, 245 

Vermont . .  225, 415  209, 819 


1,090,812  716,044 


There  is  a  large  increase  in  the  crop  of  buckwheat  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850;  but  the  crop  of  1850  was  less  than  in  1840,  being  778,084  bushels  in  1840,  against 
716,044  bushels  in  1860. 

The  largest  increase  is  in  Maine.  The  crop  of  buckwheat  in  this  State  in  1840  was  51,543  bush 
els,  in  1850  104,523  bushels,  and  in  1860  330,519  bushels. 

Connecticut  raised  303,043  bushels  of  buckwheat  in  1840,  229,297  bushels  in  1850,  and  309,107 
bushels  in  1860.  These  fluctuations  in  the  produce  of  buckwheat  are  doubtless  caused  by  the  season, 
as  this  crop  is  more  dependent  on  the  weather  than  any  other. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  buckwheat  raised  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 5,  126,  307  3,  183,  955 

New  Jersey 817, 386  878, 934 

Pennsylvania 5,  572,  024  2,  193,  692 

Maryland. 212, 338  103,  671 

Delaware 16, 355  8,  615 

District  of  Columbia ..  445  378 


11,744,855  6,369,245 


In  Pennsylvania  and  New  York  buckwheat  is  an  important  crop,  and  the  above  figures  show  that 
its  cultivation  is  rapidly  increasing.  The  crop  has  nearly  doubled  in  these  States  since  1850.  The 
grain  is  used  extensively  as  food  for  sheep  in  winter,  and  there  are  few  crops  which  for  the  labor 
attending  it  afford  a  better  profit. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  buckwheat  raised  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as 
compared  with  1850: 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixxiii 

I860.  1850. 

Ohio 2,  370,  650  638,  OGO 

Indiana 39C,  989  149, 7 10 

Michigan 529,916  472,917 

Illinois 324,  117  184,  504 

Wisconsin 38, 987  79,  878 

Minnesota 28, 052  515 

Iowa 215,  705  52,  516 

Missouri 182, 292  23,  641 

Kentucky 18,  928  16,  097 

Kansas 41, 575              

Nebraska 12,224 


4,159,435  1,617,864 


It  will  be  seen  that  Ohio  raises  more  buckwheat  than  all  the  other  western  States,  and  that  the 
crop  has  rapidly  increased  since  1850. 

Michigan  raises  the  next  largest  crop  of  buckwheat,  though  but  little  more  than  one  quarter  of  the 
amount  raised  in  Ohio. 

Indiana,  Illinois,  Iowa,  and  Missouri  are  evidently  giving  some  attention  to  buckwheat,  but  it  is  a 
very  subordinate  crop  in  these  great  corn-growing  States. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  buckwheat  raised  in  the  southern  States  in  I860  as 
compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Virginia 478,  090  214,  898 

North  Carolina 35,  924  16,  704 

South  Carolina 602  283 

Georgia 2,023  250 

Alabama 1, 347  348 

Louisiana 160  3 

Texas 1, 349  59 

Mississippi 1, 699  1,  121 

Arkansas 509  175 

Tennessee 14,  481  19,  427 

Florida..  55 


536,  184  253,  323 


The  crop  of  buckwheat  has  more  than  doubled  in  the  southern  States  since  1850.  It  is,  however, 
a  very  small  crop  in  the  south. 

Virginia  produces  eight  times  as  much  as  all  the  other  southern  States  together.  It  is  probable 
that  the  bulk  of  the  crop  is  raised  in  western  Virginia,  where  the  agriculture  assimilates  closely  to  that 
of  Pennsylvania  and  Ohio. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  buckwheat  raised  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

California 76,  887 

Oregon 2, 749  

New  Mexico 6  100 

Washington 707  

Utah 68  332 

80,  417  432 

10 


Ixxiv 


INTRODUCTION. 


In  buckwheat,  as  in  every  other  agricultural  product,  California  shows  rapid  progress.  It  is  clear, 
however,  that  this  crop  receives  but  little  attention  on  the  Pacific  coast. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  buckwheat  raised  in  the  different  sections  of  the  United 
States  in  proportion  to  population  : 


I860. 

New  England  States 0.35 

Middle  States 1.41 

Western  States 0.41 

Southern  States 0.09 

Pacific  States 0.14 


1850. 
0.26 
0.96 
0.25 
0.03 
0.002 


Whole  United  States  and  Territories 0.56 


0.38 


Buckwheat  is  one  of  the  few  crops  that  increases  more  rapidly  in  the  United  States  than  the  pop 
ulation.  In  1850  we  raised  in  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories  about  twelve  quarts  to  each 
person,  and  in  1860  a  little  over  half  a  bushel. 

The  middle  States  in  1850  raised  nearly  a  bushel  of  buckwheat  to  each  inhabitant,  and  in  I860 
nearly  a  bushel  and  a  half  to  each  person. 

The  western  States  raise  less  than  half  a  bushel  to  each  person,  and  New  England  seven-twen 
tieths  of  a  bushel.  The  southern  States  raise  only  nine,  hundredths  of  a  bushel  to  each  inhabitant. 

PEAS    AND    BEANS. 
BusJu-ls  of  peas  and  beans  produced  in  1860. 


STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

STATES. 

nusiiELS. 

Alabama  

1,  482,  036 

Pennsylvania               ... 

123,090 

Arkansas  ~  .  .  r  

440,  472 

Rhode  Island  

7,698 

California 

105  574 

South  Carolina 

1,  728,  074 

Connecticut.  ... 

25,  804 

Tennessee                        

547,  803 

Delaware 

7  438 

Texas 

341,  961 

^Florida. 

303  217 

Vermont                                            .... 

70,  654 

Georgia                          ... 

1,  765,  214 

Virginia  

515,  168 

Illinois  

108  028 

Wisconsin  

99,  484 

79  90') 

Iowa.  ... 

41   081 

Total,  States  

15,001,017 

Kansas 

9  S:;)7 

Kentucky  

288,  340 

Louisiana  

431   148 

TERRITORIES. 

Maine  

246,  915 

Maryland  

34   407 

District  of  Columbia  

3,  749 

Massachusetts 

45  246 

Dakota                                  

286 

Michigan 

165   128 

Nebraska              

5,029 

Minnesota  

18  988 

Nevada       

15 

Mississippi 

1    954  666 

New  Mexico            

38,514 

Missouri 

107  999 

Utah                  

2,  535 

79  454 

10,  850 

97    A7J. 

1   GOO  339 

Total  Territories          

60,  978 

i     O'j9    9C\A 

Ohio  .                                    ... 

1CP    511 

Affcrre^ate  ..                 

15,  061,  995 

Orctrou  .  . 

34,  407 

INTRODUCTION.  Ixxv 

In  1850  there  were  raised  in  the  United  States  9,219,901  bushels  of  peas  and  beans.  The 
amount  was  not  given  in  the  census  of  1840.  In  I860  there  were  raised  15,061,995  bushels,  showing 
an  increase  of  over  50  per  cent. 

II ud  the  crops  been  returned  separately  it  would  have  been  more  interesting.  Though  belonging 
to  the  same  botanical  order,  (Leguminosee,)  and  of  quite  similar  chemical  composition,  the  crops  are 
raised  practically  for  very  different  objects.  Beans  are  grown  principally  as  food  for  man,  while  the 
pea  is  cultivated  principally  as  food  for  animals  on  the  farms,  or  for  ploughing  under  as  a  green  crop 
Jbr  manure. 

With  the  exception  of  flax-seed  and  decorticated  cotton-seed,  peas  and  beans  contain  more  nitrogen 
than  any  other  grain.  The  droppings  of  animals  fed  on  peas  and  beans  are  consequently  more  valuable 
than  that  from  animals  fed  on  any  other  grain. 

The  growth  of  these  crops  when  fed  out  on  the  farm  increases  its  fertility  more  than  any  other 
grain  crop.  When  consumed  on  the  farm,  and  the  manure  returned  to  the  land,  or  when  ploughed  under 
as  a  manure,  peas  may  be  considered  as  a  renovating  crop.  As  a  crop  to  alternate  with  wheat,  peas 
are  exceedingly  useful.  They  tax  the  soil  but  lightly,  and  when  a  heavy  crop  is  produced  they  smother 
the  weeds.  They  also  ripen  early  enough  to  afford  ample  time  to  sow  wheat  after  the  peas  are  harvested. 

To  a  certain  extent  these  remarks  are  applicable  to  beans.  Their  cultivation  is  rapidly  extending 
in  the  wheat-growing  districts.  They  can  be  planted  late  in  the  season,  and  yet  can  be  harvested  in 
time  to  allow  the  land  to  be  sown  to  wheat.  Being  planted  in  rows,  the  land  can  be  horsehoed  and 
the  soil  cleaned  and  pulverized  almost  as  well  as  if  summer-fallowed. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  peas  and  beans  raised  in  the  New  England  States  in 
1860  as  compared  with  1850  : 

I860.  1850. 

Connecticut 25, 864  19, 090 

Maine 240,  915  205,  541 

Massachusetts 45, 246  43,  709 

New  Hampshire 79,  454  70,  856 

Rhode  Island 7, 698  .   6, 846 

Vermont 70, 654  104,  C49 


475,831      450,691 


Except  in  Vermont,  the  crop  of  peas  and  beans  has  increased  in  all  the  New  England  States  since  1850. 

Maine  raises  more  peas  and  beans  than  all  the  other  New  England  States.  The  total  of  these  two 
crops  in  New  England  is  less  than  half  a  million  bushels. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  peas  and  beans  raised  in  the  middle  States  in  1860  as 
compared  with  1850  : 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 1,  609,  339  741,  546 

New  Jersey 27, 674  14,  174 

Pennsylvania 123, 090  55, 231 

Maryland 34,  407  12, 816 

Delaware 7, 438  4,  120 

District  of  Columbia , .  3,  749  7,  754 


1,805,697  835,641 


New  York  raises  eight-ninths  of  all  the  peas  and  beans  produced  in  the  middle  States.     The  crop 
in  this  State  has  more  than  doubled  since  1850. 


Ixxvi  INTRODUCTION. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  peas  and  beans  raised  in  the  western  States  in  1860  as 
compared  with  1850  : 

I860.  1850. 

Ohio 102,511  60,108 

Indiana 79, 902  35,  773 

Michigan 165,  128  74, 254 

Illinois 108, 028  82, 814 

Wisconsin 99, 484  20, 657 

Iowa 41,  081  4,  775 

Missouri 107, 999  46,  017 

Kentucky 288, 346  202, 574 

Minnesota 18, 988  10, 002 

Kansas 9, 827  

Nebraska 5, 029  


1,026,323  537,434 


It  will  be  observed  that  the  whole  western  States  do  not  produce  as  much  peas  and  beans  as  the 
State  of  New  York  alone.  Kentucky  produces  more  than  any  other  western  State.  Michigan  comes 
next,  and  then  Illinois,  Missouri,  and  Ohio.  But  these  crops  are  not  raised  to  any  considerable  extent  in 
the  west. 

During  the  present  year  (1864)  the  west  has  barely  been  able  to  supply  the  home  demand  for 
beans,  and,  to  some  extent  at  least,  has  imported  them  from  the  middle  States  and  Canada. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  peas  and  beans  raised  in  the  southern  States  in  1860 
as  compared  with  1850  : 

I860.  1850. 

Virginia 515,  168  521,579 

North  Carolina 1,  932,  204  1,  584,  252 

South  Carolina 1,  728,  074  1,  026,  900 

Georgia 1,  765,  214  1,  142,  Oil 

Alabama 1,  482,  036  892,  701 

Louisiana 431,148  161,732 

Texas 341,961  179,350 

Mississippi 1,  954,  666  1,  072,  757 

Arkansas 440,  472  285,  738 

Tennessee 547, 803  309, 321 

Florida 363, 217  135, 359 


11,501,963  7,371,700 


The  States  and  Territories  raised  about  9,000,000  bushels  of  peas  and  beans  in  1850.  Of  these 
the  southern  States  raised  over  7,000,000  bushels.  In  1860  the  States  and  Territories  raised  about 
15,000,000  bushels,  and  of  these  the  southern  States  raised  over  11,500,000  bushels. 

As  before  said,  we  have  no  means  of  knowing  how  much  of  this  quantity  is  peas  and  how  much 
beans.  In  the  northern  States  the  proportion  of  beans  is  undoubtedly  larger  than  in  the  southern 
States.  The  so-called  "cow  pea  "  of  the  south  is  more  closely  allied  to  the  bean  than  to  the  pea  family. 
It  is,  however,  a  most  valuable  plant  in  a  climate  sufficiently  warm  to  mature  it.  It  has  done  much 
for  southern  agriculture.  Like  all  the  leguminous  plants,  it  contains  a  high  percentage  of  nitrogen ;  and, 
when  ploughed  under  as  manure,  or  consumed  on  the  farm  by  stock,  it  adds  greatly  to  the  fertility  of 
the  soil.  It  is  the  great  renovating  crop  of  the  southern  States.  To  a  certain  extent  it  is  to  the  south 
what  red  clover  is  to  the  north.  Within  the  past  thirty  years  its  cultivation  has  been  greatly  extended 
both  as  a  green  crop  for  ploughing  under  as  manure  and  as  a  grain  crop.  Its  importance  in  southern 
agriculture  can  hardly  be  overestimated.  The  great  want  of  American  agriculture  is  a  plant  which 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixxvii 

shall  occupy  in  our  system  of  rotation  the  place  which  the  turnip  occupies  in  British  agriculture.  We 
have  no  such  crop.  The  bean  at  the  north  has  more  of  the  necessary  qualities  than  any  other  plant 
extensively  cultivated.  It  is  planted  in  rows,  and  admits  the  use  of  the  horsehoe  in  cleaning  the 
land.  It  docs  not  draw  heavily  on  the  soil,  and  contains  a  large  amount  of  nitrogen,  the  clement 
which  the  cereals  so  much  need.  The  "cow  pea"  has  these  qualities  in  a  still  greater  degree.  In 
the  southern  States  it  grows  much  more  luxuriantly  than  the  bean  or  the  common  pea  at  the  north,  and 
is  the  best  plant  that  is  extensively  grown  in  southern  agriculture  for  enriching  the  land. 

The  cow  pea  docs  not  flourish  north  of  Virginia,  and  even  in  that  State  some  of  the  best  varieties 
do  not  succeed  as  well  as  in  the  more  southern  States.  It  will  be  seen  from  the  above  table  that 
North  and  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Alabama,  and  Mississippi  raise  the  greatest  amount  of  this  crop. 
In  Virginia  the  plant  is  grown  extensively,  but  probably  the  larger  proportion  of  it  is  ploughed  under 
for  manure. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  peas  and  beans  raised  in  the  Pacific  States  in  18GO  as 
compared  with  1850: 

18GO.  1850. 

California 10,r>,  ,074  2,  292 

Oregon 34,  407  G,  5GG 

New  Mexico 38,  514  15,  G8S 

Washington 10, 850  

Utah..                                                                                                                2,535  289 


251,880  24,835 


The  cultivation  of  this  crop  is  rapidly  extending  in  the  Pacific  States.  As  will  be  seen  from  the 
following  table,  they  increase  four  times  as  rapidly  as  the  population. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  peas  and  beans  raised  in  the  different  sections  in  I860 
and  1850,  and  in  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories  in  proportion  to  population: 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 0.15  0.]  2 

Middle  States 0.21  0.12 

Western  States 0.10  0.13 

Southern  States 1.26  0.97 

Pacific  States..  0.44  0.13 


United  States  and  Territories 0.4S  0.35 


It  will  be  seen  that  the  increase  in  the  production  of  peas  and  beans  in  all  the  States  and  Terri 
tories  more  than  keeps  up  with  the  increase  in  population.  It  was  eleven  quarts  to  each  inhabitant 
in  1850,  and  a  little  over  fifteen  quarts  to  each  person  in  18GO. 

In  the  New  England  States  there  were  three  and  three-quarters  quarts  of  peas  and  beans  to 
each  inhabitant  in  1850,  and  four  and  three-quarters  quarts  in  I860. 

In  the  middle  States  there  were  three  and  three-quarters  quarts  in  1850,  and  seven  quarts 
in  1860. 

In  the  western  States  there  were  four  quarts  in  1850,  and  only  three  quarts  in  1860,  showing  a 
decrease  in  the  production  of  peas  and  beans  of  25  per  cent,  in  proportion  to  population. 

In  the  southern  States  there  were  nearly  a  bushel  of  peas  and  beans  to  each  person  in  1850,  and 
over  a  bushel  and  a  peck  in  1860. 

It  will  be  observed  that  there  is  a  decided  increase  in  the  production  of  these  crops  in  all  the 
different  sections  except  at  Ihe  west.  The  farmers  on  the  rich  land  of  this  section  have  not  yet  realized 


Ixxviii 


INTRODUCTION. 


the  necessity  of  raising  peas  and  beans  as  renovating  crops,  while  viewed  merely  as  grain  crops,  it  is 
doubtless  found  that  the  cereal  grains  are  more  profitable. 

IRISH    POTATOES 
Bushels  of  Irish  potatoes  produced  in  1860. 


STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

Alabama  .        .... 

491,  646 

Pennsylvania              ... 

11   687  467 

Arkansas    

418,  010 

Rhode  Island    .      ...          .... 

542,  909 

California 

1  789,  463 

226  735 

Connecticut                                . 

1   833,  148 

Tennessee              

1,  189,  005 

377,  931 

Texas  

174,  182 

Florida 

18,  766 

Vermont 

5  253   498 

Georgia            ...               

303,  789 

Virginia 

2,  292,  398 

Illinois  

5  540,  390 

AVisconsin  ... 

3,  818  309 

3  866  647 

Iowa 

2  806,  720 

Total,  States. 

110  629,  993 

296   335 

Kentucky 

1   756  531 

Louisiana               

294  655 

TERRITORIES 

Maine  

6   374,  617 

Maryland  

1,264,  429 

District  of  Columbia. 

31,  693 

Massachusetts  

3,  201,  901 

Dakota  ... 

9,  489 

Michigan  

5  261   945 

Nebraska 

162,  188 

Minncsot/i  

2  565,  485 

Nevada 

5,  686 

Mississippi 

414  3^0 

5  223 

Missouri  

1   990  850 

Utah 

141   001 

iNcvv  Hampshire  

4   137  543 

AVushin  ""ton 

163,  594 

!Xew  Jersey 

4   171   690 

26  447  394 

Total   Territories 

518  874 

North  Carolina 

830  565 

Ohio  

8  695,  101 

Ajrercffatc 

111,  148  867 

Oregon  .  . 

303,  319 

i 

There  were  raised  in  the  States  and  Territories  in  1850,  65,797,896  bushels  of  Irish  potatoes  ; 
and  in  1860,  111,148,867  bushels. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  Irish  potatoes  raised  in  the  New  England  States  in 
1860  as  compared  with  1850: 


I860. 

Connecticut 1,  833, 148 

Maine 6,  374,  617 

Massachusetts 3,  201,  901 

New  Hampshire 4, 137,  543 

Rhode  Island 542,  909 

Vermont 5,  253,  498 


Total 21,  343,  616 


1850. 

2,  689,  725 

3,  436,  040 
3,  585,  384 
4,304,919 

651,  029 
4,951,014 

19,618,111 


In  Connecticut  there  is  a  great  falling  off  in  the  production  of  this  crop,  while  in  Maine  the  crop 
has  nearly  doubled  since  1850.  There  is  a  slight  falling  off  in  Massachusetts,  New  Hampshire,  and 
Rhode  Island. 


INTRODUCTION.  kxix 

Taking  the  New  England  Stales  as  a  whole,  the  crop  has  increased  trom  19,618,111  bushels  in 
1850  to  21,343,616  bushels  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  Irish  potatoes  raised  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as 
compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 26,  447,  394  15,  398,  368 

Pennsylvania 11,  687,  467  5,  980,  732 

New  Jersey 4,  171,  690  3,  207,  236 

Delaware 377,  931  240,  542 

Maryland 1,  264,  429  764,  939 

District  of  Columbia 31,693  28,292 


Total 43,  980,  604  25,  620,  109 


The  production  of  Irish  potatoes  has  increased  somewhat  in  all  the  middle  States  since  1850;  but 
it  is  only  in  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  and  New  Jersey  that  there  is  any  marked  increase.  In  New 
York  the  crop  has  risen  from  fifteen  million  bushels  in  1850  to  twenty-six  million  bushels  in  1860; 
and  in  Pennsylvania  the  crop  has  increased  from  less  than  six  million  bushels  in  1850  to  over  eleven 
and  a  half  million  bushels  in  1860. 

Taking  the  middle  States  as  a  whole,  the  crop  of  Irish  potatoes  has  increased  from  about  twenty- 
five  and  a  half  million  bushels  in  1850  to  nearly  forty-four  million  bushels  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  quantity  of  Irish  potatoes  raised  in  the  western  States  in  1860  as 
compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Ohio 8,  695,  101  5,  057,  769 

Indiana 3,866,647  2,  083,  337 

Michigan 5,  261,  245  2,  359,  897 

Illinois 5,540,390  2,514,861 

Wisconsin 3,  818,  309  1,  402,  077 

Minnesota 2,  565,  485  21,  145 

Iowa 2,  806,  720  276,  120 

Missouri 1, 990,  850  939, 006 

Kentucky 1,  756,  531  1,  492,  487 

Kansas 296, 335              

Nebraska 162,  188 


Total 36,759,801  16,146,699 


Minnesota  and  Iowa  show  an  enormous  increase  in  the  production  of  Irish  potatoes  since  1850, 
while  all  the  western  States  show  a  decided  gain  in  amount. 

The  crop  has  increased  from  a  little  over  sixteen  million  bushels  in  1850,  to  thirty-six  and  three 
quarter  million  bushels  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  Irish  potatoes  raised  in  the  southern  States  in  1 860  as 
compared  with  "1850: 

I860.  1850. 

1,316,933 
620,  318 
136,  494 
227,379 
246,  001 
95,  632 
94,645 
261,482 
193,832 
1,067,844 
7,828 


North  Carolina  

830,  565 

South  Carolina  

226,  735 

Georgia  

303,  789 

Alabama  .              ... 

491,646 

Louisiana  

294,  655 

Texas  

174,182 

Mississippi  

414,320 

Arkansas  

418,010 

Tennessee  

1,182,005 

Florida  ... 

18,  766 

Total 6,  647,  071  4,  268,  388 


Ixxx  INTRODUCTION. 

The  State  of  Maine  raises  nearly  as  many  Irish  potatoes  as  all  the  southern  States.  Virginia  and 
Tennessee  raise  more  Irish  potatoes  than  the  other  southern  States  combined.  The  crop  decreases  as 
we  go  south,  while  the  sweet  potato  takes  its  place. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  Irish  potatoes  raised  in  the  Pacific  States  in  I860  as 
compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

California 1,  789,  463  9,  292 

Oregon 303,319  91,326 

New  Mexico 5,  223  3 

Washington 163, 594  

Utah 141,  067  43,968 


Total 2,  402,  600  144,  589 


The  following  table  shows  the  quantity  of  Irish  potutoes  raised  in  the  different  sections  of  the 
United  States  in  proportion  to  population : 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 6.80  7.19 

Middle  States 5.28  3.88 

Western  States 3.58  2.66 

Southern  States 0.73  0.58 

Pacific  States 4.15  O.SO 

United  States  and  Territories 3.53  2.83 

It  will  be  seen  that  New  England  raises  more  Irish  potatoes  in  proportion  to  population  than  any 
other  section.  There  is,  however,  a  slight  decrease  in  the  crop  in  proportion  to  population  since  1 850. 
being  a  little  over  seven  bushels  to  each  person  in  1850,  and  six  and  three-fourth  bushels  to  each 
person  in  1860. 

In  the  middle  States  the  crop  has  increased  from  three  and  three-fourth  bushels  in  1850  to  five 
and  one-fourth  bushels  in  1860,  to  each  inhabitant. 

In  the  western  States  the  quantity  of  potatoes  raised  in  proportion  to  population  is  far  less  than 
in  the  New  England  and  middle  States.  In  1850  there  were  raised  about  two  and  a  half  bushels  to 
each  person,  and  in  1860  three  and  a  half  bushels. 

In  the  Pacific  States  the  production  of  Irish  potatoes,  in  proportion  to  population,  has  increased 
enormously.  In  1850  only  about  three-fourth  bushel  of  potatoes  were  raised  to  each  inhabitant; 
while  in  1860  the  crop  exceeded  four  bushels  to  each  person. 

The  whole  United  States  and  Territories  raised  about  two  and  three-quarter  bushels  of  potatoes 
to  each  inhabitant  in  1850  and  three  and  a  half  bushels  in  1860. 

Minnesota  raises  more  potatoes,  in  proportion  to  population,  than  any  other  State  in  the  Union. 
In  1850  she  raised  nearly  four  bushels  to  each  person,  and  in  1860  nearly  fifteen  bushels. 

Maine  also  raises  a  large  crop  of  potatoes,  in  proportion  to  population.  In  1850  she  produced 
nearly  six  bushels  to  each  person,  and  in  1860  over  ten  bushels. 


INT  IK)  DUCT  ION. 


Ixxxi 


S  W  E  K  T    I'  O  T  A  T  O  E  S . 

Bushels  itf  sweet  potatoes  produced  in  the  United  States  in  1860. 


STATES. 

BUSHKLS. 

STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

Alabama  

5,  439,917 

Oresron  .  . 

335 

Arkansas  ........ 

1   566,  540 

Pennsylvania  .      ....... 

103  187 

California  

214,307 

Rhode  Island  

946 

Connecticut  ..................    ..    . 

2,  710 

South  Carolina 

4,  115  688 

Delaware  

142,213 

Tennessee  ...    ......            .... 

2,  604  672 

Florida  

1,  129,  759 

Texas  

1,  846,  612 

Georgia  ..      ......          .... 

C,  508,  541 

Vermont  ... 

623 

Illinois  

306,  154 

Virginia  ..........    .    ............    .    .. 

1,  960,  817 

Indiana  

299,  516 

Wisconsin  

2,  396 

Iowa 

51  362 

Kansas   

9,  965 

Total,  States  ,  

42,  088,  854 

1   057  557 

Louisiana  

2,  060,  981 

Maine  

1,  435 

TEKRITORIES. 

Maryland  

236,  740 

District  of  Columbia  

5,606 

Massachusetts  

616 

Michigan  .    

38,  492 

Nebraska  

168 

Minnesota  .    . 

792 

200 

Mississippi  

4,  563,  873 

New  Mexico  

180 

Missouri  

335  102 

Utah                            .      . 

New  Hampshire  

161 

18 

1   034  839 

New  York  

7  529 

Total,  Territories  

6,  172 

C   140  039 

Ohio  

304  445 

42,  095,  026 

The  crop  of  sweet  potatoes  in  the  States  and  Territories  in  1850,  was  38,268,148  bushels,  and  in 
1860,  42,095,026  bushels.  Taking  all  the  States  and  Territories,  there  were  1.66  bushels  of  sweet 
potatoes  raised  in  1850  to  each  inhabitant,  and  in  1860  1.33  bushels.  The  great  bulk  of  the  crop  is 
raised  in  the  southern  States. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  raised  in  these  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 


I860. 

Alabama 5,  439,  917 

Arkansas  . 1,  566,  540 

Florida 1,  129,  759 

Georgia 6,  508,  541 

Louisiana 2,  060,  981 

Mississippi 4,  563,  873 


North  Carolina 
South  Carolina 
Tennessee  .... 
Texas  . . 


6,  140,  039 

4,  115,  688 

2,  604,  672 

1,  846,  612 

Virginia 1,  960,  817 


Total 37,  937,  439 


1850. 

5,475,204 
788,  149 
757,  226 
6,  986,  428 
1,  428,  453 
4,741,795 
5,  095,  709 
4,  337,  469 
2,777,716 
1,  332,  158 
1,813,634 

35,533,941 


11 


Ixxxii 


INTRODUCTION. 


It  will  be  seen  that  of  the  thirty-eight  million  bushels  produced  in  the  United  States  in  1850,  the 
southern  States  raised  thirty-five  millions,  and  nearly  thirty-eight  millions  in  1860  of  the  forty-two 
millions  raised  in  the  whole  country. 

Taking  all  the  southern  States,  there  were  4.87  bushels  of  sweet  potatoes  raised  to  each  inhabitant 
in  1850,  and  in  1860  4.16  bushels,  showing  a  slight  decrease  in  proportion  to  population.  Considerable 
attention  has  of  late  years  been  given  to  raising  sweet  potatoes  in  the  New  England,  middle,  and  west 
ern  States. 

Connecticut,  which  raised  only  eighty  bushels  in  1850,  produced  2,710  bushels  in  1860. 

Delaware  produced  65,443  bushels  in  1850,  and  142,213  bushels  in  1860. 

Maine,  which  was  unreportcd  in  1850,  produced  1,435  bushels  in  1860. 

Michigan,  which  produced  1,177  bushels  in  1850,  produced  38,492  bushels  in  1860. 

New  Jersey,  which  produced  508,015  bushels  in  1850,  produced  1,024,832  bushels  in  1860. 

Wisconsin,  which  produced  879  bushels  in  1850,  produced  2,396  bushels  in  1860. 

Illinois,  which  produced  157,433  bushels  in  1850,  produced  306,154  bushels  in  1860. 

For  the  production  of  sweet  potatoes  in  the  other  States  we  would  refer  to  the  tables.  Since  the 
cessation  of  commercial  intercourse  with  the  southern  States  the  cultivation  of  sweet  potatoes  in  the 
northern  States  has  received  considerable  attention,  and  were  the  census  taken  at  this  time  it  would 
doubtless  be  found  that  the  crop  in  these  States  is  very  much  larger  than  it  was  in  1860. 

DAIRY    PRODUCTS. 

Butter  and  cheese — Pounds  of. ,  1860. 


States. 

Butter. 

Cheese. 

States. 

Butter. 

Cheese. 

Alabama  

6,  028,  478 

15,923 

Ohio 

48,543  162 

21,618,893 

Arkansas  

4,  067,  556 

16  810 

1  000  157 

105  379 

California  

3,  095,  035 

1  343  689 

58  653  511 

2  508  556 

Connecticut          

7  6'.'0  912 

3  898  411 

1   021  767 

181  511 

1  430  502 

6  579 

3  177  934 

1  543 

408  855 

5  280 

10  017  787 

135  575 

Georgia  

5,  439,  765 

15  587 

5,  850,  583 

275  128 

Illinois  

28,  052,  551 

1  848  557 

15  900  359 

8  215  030 

Indiana  

18,306,651 

605,  795 

13,464,722 

280,  852 

Iowa  

11,953,666 

918  635 

13,611,328 

1,  104,300 

Total  

458,  827,  729 

103,  548,  868 

Kentucky  

11,716,609 

190,  400 

1  444  742 

6  150 

Maine  

11  687  781 

1  799  862 

Maryland  

5  265  295 

8  342 

._,__ 

Dakota  

1  8,  835 

8  297  936 

5  294  090 

2,1/0 

Michigan  

15,  503,  482 

1,641,897 

2  957  673 

199  314 

7,700 

Mississippi  

5  006  610 

4  427 

»  rtf-/i 

rt     f.  .  n 

Utah 

Missouri  

12  704  837 

259  633 

„ 

XV'isliiuftun 

53,  Ml 

New  Hampshire  

6  956  764 

o  232  092 

10  714  447 

1  ri9    1  7'2 

153,  0112 

12,  I4b 

New  York  

103,097,280 

48,  548,  289 

Total  

853,  043 

115,059 

North  Carolina... 

4,  735,  495 

51,119 

A 

459  681  372 

103  (>6'i  927 

es  „ 

The  total  production  of  butter  in  the  United  States  and  Territories  in  1850  was  313,345,306 
pounds,  and  in  1860  459,681,372  pounds.  Of  cheese,  105,535,893  pounds  in  1850,  and  103,663,927 
pounds  in  1860. 

There  is  a  considerable  increase  (about  fifty  per  cent.)  in  the  production  of  butter,  but  not  so  in 
cheese.  There  was  nearly  two  million  pounds  more  cheese  produced  in  1850  than  in  1860. 


I  N  T  R  O  D  U  C  T  ION. 


XXXIII 


The.  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  made  in  the  New  England  States  in 
I860,  as  compared  with  1850: 


States. 

BUTTER. 

CHEESE. 

I860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

Connecticut  .  

7,620,912 
11,687,781 
8,297,936 
6,  956,  764 
10,211,767 

I5,9oo,ar>9 

6,498,119 
9,  243,  81  1 
8,071,370 
6,977,056 
995,670 
12,  137,980 

3,898,411 
1,799,862 
5,294,090 
2,  232,  092 
181,511 
8,215,030 

5,363,277 
2,434,454 

7,088,142 
3,196,563 
316,508 
8,  720,  834 

Maine  

Massachusetts    .  .  .. 

Total 

51,485,519 

43,  924,  006 

21,620,996 

27,  119,778 

The  production  of  butter  in  the  New  England  States,  has,  in  round  numbers,  increased  from  less 
than  forty-four  million  pounds  in  1850,  to  over  fifty-one  million  pounds  in  I860.  On  the  other  hand, 
the  production  of  cheese  has  decreased  from  over  twenty-seven  millions  in  1850,  to  less  than  twenty- 
one  and  three-fourths  millions  in  1860. 

Vermont  produces  more  butter  and  also  more  cheese  than  any  other  New  England  State.  Maine 
stands  next  in  the  production  of  butter,  but  produces  less  cheese  than  either  Massachusetts,  Connecticut, 
or  New  Hampshire. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  made  in  the  middle  States  in  I860, 
as  compared  with  1850 : 


States. 

BUTTER. 

CHEESE. 

IN  III. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

103,097,280 
58,653,511 
10,714,447 
1,430,502 
5,265,295 
1  8,8:55 

79,766,094 

39,878,418 
9,487,210 
1,055,308 
3,  806,  160 
14,872 

48,548,289 
2,  508,  556 
1H2,  172 
6,579 
8,  342 

49,741,413 

2,  505,  034 
365,  756 
3,187 
3,975 
1,500 

Delaware  

Maryland  

Total  

179,179,870 

134,008,062            51,253,9:58 

52,620,8ar> 

The  product  of  butter  in  the  middle  States  has  increased  from  one  hundred  and  thirty-four  mil 
lion  pounds  in  1850,  to  one  hundred  and  seventy-nine  million  pounds  in  1860. 

New  York  makes  nearly  one-fourth  of  all  the  butter  made  in  the  United  States,  and  more  than 
one-third  of  the  cheese. 

Pennsylvania  comes  next  in  the  product  of  butter.  She  made  over  fifty-eight  and  a  half  million 
of  pounds  in  1860,  against  less  than  forty  million  in  1850.  Although  Pennsylvania,  alter  New  York, 
supplies  more  butter  than  any  other  State,  she  produces  comparatively  but  little  cheese. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  made  in  the  western  States  in  1860, 
as  compared  with  1850: 


States. 

BUTTER. 

CHEESE. 

I860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

18,  306,  651 
28,  052,  551 
-  11,953,606 
15,  503,  482 

12,881,535 
12,526,543 
2,171,188 
7,  065,  878 
I,  UK) 
7,  834,359 
3-1,  449,  379 
9,947,523 
3,  633,  750 

605,795 
1,848,557 
918,635 
1,641,897 
199,314 
259,  633 
21,618,893 
190,4(10 
1,104,300 
29,  045 
12,  342 

624,  564 
1,278,225 
209,  840 
1,011,492 

203,  572 
20,819,542 
213,954 
400,  283 

Minnesota  

2,  957,  673 
12,704,8:57 
48,543.162 
11,716,609 
13,611,328 

Missouri  . 

Ohio  .    . 

Kentucky    .  

1,093,497 
342,541 

Total   . 

164,785,997 

90,  5  11,  Aw 

28,  1^,811 

2  1,762,  472 

Ixxxiv 


INTRODUCTION. 


Ohio  is  the  principal  dairy  State  of  the  west.  She  makes  nearly  one-third  of  all  the  butter  pro 
duced  in  the  western  States,  and  over  seventy-five  per  cent,  of  all  the  cheese. 

Illinois  stands  second  in  the  western  States  in  the  production  of  butter,  making  about  twenty- 
eight  million  pounds  in  1860,  against  twelve  and  a  half  million  in  1850. 

Indiana  stands  third  among  the  western  States,  and  produced  over  eighteen  million  pounds  in 
1860,  against  less  than  thirteen  million  in  1850. 

Wisconsin  shows  a  marked  increase  in  this  production.  She  has  increased  from  three  and  a  half 
million  pounds  in  1850,  to  thirteen  and  a  half  million  pounds  in  1860. 

Minnesota  shows  even  greater  progress  in  butter-making.  From  eleven  hundred  pounds  in  1850, 
she  increased  to  nearly  three  million  pounds  in  1860. 

The  cheese  product  of  the  west  is  exceedingly  small.  Leaving  out  Ohio,  the  western  States  do 
not  produce  seven  million  pounds  of  cheese.  Vermont  produces  more  cheese  than  all  the  western 
States  together,  exclusive  of  Ohio. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  made  in  the  southern  States  in  1860, 
as  compared  with  1850: 


States. 

BUTTER. 

CHEESE. 

1860. 

1850. 

I860. 

1850. 

Alabama  

6,  028,  478 
4,  067,  556 
408,  h55 
5,  439,  705 
5,006,610 
1,444,743 
4,  735,  495 
3,  777,  934 
10,017,787 
5,850,583 
13,464,722 

4,008,811 
1  ,  854,  239 
37  1  ,  498 
4,640,559 
4,346,234 
683,  069 
4,146,290 
2,981,850 
8,139,585 
2,344,900 
11,089,359 

15,923 
16,  810 
5,  280 
15,587 
4,427 
6,153 
51,119 
1,543 
13f>,  575 
275,  128 
280,852 

31,412 
30,088 
18,015 
46,976 
21,191 
1,957 
95,  921 
4,970 
177,681 
95,  299 
436,  292 

Arkansas  

Florida    

Georgia  

Mississippi 

Louisiana  

North  Carolina  

South  Carolina  

Tennessee  ....  . 

Texas  

Virginia  

Total 

59,  642,  527 

44,  606,  394 

808,  397 

959,  802 

The  amount  of  butter  made  in  the  southern  States  has  increased  from  forty-four  and  a  half  million 
pounds  in  1850,  to  nearly  sixty  million  pounds  in  1860. 

The  cheese  product  in  the  southern  States  is  exceedingly  light,  and  has  fallen  off  since  1850. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  made  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860, 
as  compared  with  1850: 


Suites  and  Territories. 

BUTTER. 

CHEESE. 

1860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

California 

3,  095,  035 
1,000,157 
13,259 
153,092 
316,046 

705 

211,464 
111 

1,343,689 
105,  379 
37,240 
12,  146 
53,  331 

150 
36,980 

5,848 

Oregon 

Utah  

83,  309 

30,  998 

Total 

4,577,589 

295,  589 

1,551,785 

73,976 

The  production  of  butter,  as  of  every  other  agricultural  product,  has  advanced  in  California  wilh 
astonishing  rapidity.  In  1850  only  705  pounds  wen;  produced;  while  in  1860  California  produced 
over  three  million  pounds  of  butter,  and  over  one  and  a  quarter  million  pounds  of  cheese.  She  made 
nearly  sixty-eight  per  cent,  more  cheese  than  all  UK;  southern  Stales. 


INTRODUCTION. 


Ix.xxv 


The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  made  in  the  different  sections  of  the 
country  in  proportion  to  population: 


HUTTER. 

CHEESE. 

I860.    . 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

New  KnMand  States 

16.42 
21.50 
16.  08 
6.55 
7.9-2 
14.62 

16.10 
16.08 
14.33 
6.12 
1.65 
13.51 

6.89 
6.15 
2.78 
0.09 
2.70 
3.29 

9.94 
7.94 
3.92 
0.13 
0.47 
4.11 

Middle  States 

Western  States  

Soutberu  States  ...  ... 

1'aciflc  States 

United  States  and  Territories  .  . 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  States  and  Territories  raised  about  thirteen  and  a  half  pounds  of  butter 
to  each  inhabitant  in  1850,  and  fourteen  and  five-eighths  pounds  in  I860,  showing  an  increase  of  one 
and  one-eighth  pound  to  each  person.  In  cheese,  however,  the  production  has  not  kept  pace  with  the 
population.  It  has  fallen  off  over  three-fourths  of  a  pound  to  each  person.  Cheese  docs  not  enter  as 
largely  into  the  dietary  of  the  United  States  as  in  most  other  countries,  and  small  as  is  the  amount 
produced — less  than  four  pounds  to  each  inhabitant — it  more  than  meets  the  demand,  leaving  a  con 
siderable  balance  for  exportation. 

The  production  of  butter  in  the  New  England  States  more  than  keeps  pace  with  the  increase  in 
population.  Over  sixteen  pounds  of  butter  is  produced  to  each  person. 

In  the  middle  States  twenty-one  and  a  half  pounds  of  butter  is  made  to  each  person.  In  1850  it 
was  only  sixteen  pounds,  showing  a  very  remarkable  increase. 

The  western  States  produced  about  fourteen  pounds  to  each  person  in  1850,  and  sixteen  pounds 
in  I860,  also  showing  a  decided  increase. 

In  the  southern  States,  too,  the  production  of  butter  keeps  pace  with  the  population.  The  amount 
made,  however,  is  small,  only  six  and  a  half  pounds  to  each  inhabitant. 

The  Pacific  States,  which  produced  only  a  little  over  one  and  a  half  pound  of  butter  to  each  per 
son  in  1850,  produced  nearly  eight  pounds  in  1860. 

In  cheese,  all  the  different  sections,  with  the  exception  of  the  Pacific  States,  show  a  marked  decline 
as  compared  with  population.  The  New  England  States,  which  produced  nearly  ten  pounds  of  cheese 
to  each  inhabitant  in  1850,  produces  less  than  seven  pounds  in  1860.  It  will  be  observed,  however,  that 
New  England  still  produces  more  cheese  in  proportion  to  population  than  any  other  section. 

The  middle  States  have  fallen  off  from  nearly  eight  pounds  of  cheese  to  each  person  in  1850,  to 
about  six  pounds  in  1860. 

The  Pacific  States  have  increased  their  cheese  product  from  less  than  half  a  pound  to  each  per 
son  in  1850,  to  nearly  three  pounds  in  I860. 

Since  the  census  was  taken,  the  production  of  cheese,  especially  in  the  great  dairy  districts  of 
New  York,  has  greatly  increased.  The  "  cheese  factory  "  system  which  was  introduced  a  few  years 
ago  has  been  stimulated  into  an  astonishing  development  by  the  high  price  of  cheese  caused  by  the 
high  premium  on  gold  and  sterling  exchange.  The  cheese  made  in  these  factories  is  generally  of  better 
quality  than  that  hitherto  made  in  private  dairies,  and  pains  have  been  taken  to  adapt  it  to  the  wants  of 
the  European  market.  The  cheese  is  sent  to  England,  and,  being  sold  for  gold,  the  price  in  this  coun 
try  increases  with  the  premium  on  gold  and  sterling  exchange.  At  the  time  of  this  writing,  (Novem 
ber,  1864,)  cheese  in  New  York  sells  for  twenty-two  cents  per  pound.  In  1859  the  highest  price  of 
cheese  in  New  York  at  the  same  period  was  eleven  cents  per  pound;  in  1860  eleven  and  a  half  cents, 
and  in  1861  seven  and  a  half  cents.  Cheese  is  now  more  than  double  the  average  price  obtained  before 
the  war.  The  effect  of  these  high  prices,  as  we  have  before  remarked,  is  seen  in  the  increased  atten- 


Ixxxvi 


INTRODUCTION. 


tion  paid  to  the  manufacture  of  cheese,  and  especially  to  the  general  introduction  of  the  "factory 
system." 

The  leading  idea  of  the  factory  system  is  this :  Farmers  with  a  few  cows,  to  avoid  the  expense 
of  the  necessary  buildings,  and  to  introduce  the  best  apparatus  for  the  manufacture  of  cheese,  unite  to 
send  their  milk  every  morning  to  a  certain  point,  where  it  is  converted  into  cheese,  and  each  farmer 
receives  his  proportion  (or  the  money  received  for  it)  according  to  the  quantity  of  milk  he  has 
furnished. 

At  the  factory  a  competent  person  is  employed  to  attend  to  the  business,  and  the  cheese  is  made 
on  the  most  approved  principles.  Hitherto  the  system  has  worked  to  the  mutual  advantage  of  all 
concerned.  Whether  it  will  be  found  to  work  equally  well  when  cheese  falls  to  its  normal  price  (or 
about  half  what  it  brings  at  present)  remains  to  be  seen. 

WOOL. 

Pounds  of  wool  produced  in  the  United  Slates  in  1860. 


STATES. 

POUNDS. 

STATES. 

POUNDS. 

Alabama  

775,  117 
410,  382 
2,  683,  109 
335,  896 
50,201 
59,  171 
946,227 
1,989,567 
2,  552,  318 
660,  858 
24,  746 
2,  329,  105 
290,  847 
1,  495,  060 
491,511 
377,  267 
3,  960,  888 
20,  388 
665,  959 
2,  069,  778 
1,  160,222 
349,  250 
9,  454,  474 
883,  473 
10,  608,  927 

219,012 
4,  752,  522 
90,  699 
427,  102 
1,405,236 
1,  493,  738 
3,  118,950 
2,510,019 
1,011,933 

Arkansas  

Pennsylvania.  

California 

Rhode  Island                  .    .......      ....... 

Connecticut  

Delaware  

Florida  

Texas  

Georgia 

Vermont          ..      ....        .             

Illinois  

Virginia  

Indiana  

Wisconsin  

Total,  States  

Kansas  .... 

59,  673,  952 

TERRITORIES. 

District  of  Columbia  

Louisiana  

100 

Maine  .                          . 

Maryland  ....            .          .......        

Massachusetts 

Dakota                                  ............... 

Michigan 

Nebraska  

3,302 
330 
492,  645 
74,  765 
19,819 

Nevada                                .      ....    ........ 

Missouri 

Utah  

Total,  Territories  

New  York 

590,961 

North  Carolina  

A  ""^re^ate  . 

60,264,913 

Ohio 

The  total  amount  of  wool  raised  in  the  States  and  Territories  in  1850  was  52,516,959  pounds; 
in  1860,  60,364,913  pounds  ;  and  in  1840  was  35,802,114  pounds.  In  other  words,  the  amount 
of  wool  increased  from  1840  to  1850  about  16,750,000  pounds;  and  from  1850  to  1860,  7,750,000 
pounds. 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixxxvii 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  wool  produced  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as 
compared  with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

Connecticut 335, 866  497, 454 

Maine 1,  495,  060  1,  364,  034 

Massachusetts 377, 267  585,  136 

New  Hampshire 1,  160,  222  1,  108,  476 

Rhode  Island 90,699  129,692 

Vermont..                           3,118,950  3,400,717 


Total 6,  573,  064  7,  085,  509 


In  1850  there  were  over  7,000,000  pounds  of  wool  produced  in  the  New  England  States,  and 
6,500,000  pounds  in  1860,  showing  a  decrease  of  500,000  pounds. 

Vermont  raised  nearly  half  the  wool  produced  in  the  New  England  States.  From  1850  to  1860, 
however,  the  amount  of  wool  produced  in  this  State  has  fallen  off  more  than  275,000  pounds. 

Maine  stands  next,  in  the  New  England  States,  to  Vermont,  as  a  wool-growing  State.  In  1850 
she  produced  1,364,034  pounds  of  wool,  and  1,495,060  pounds  in  1860,  showing  an  increase  of  over 
100,000  pounds. 

New  Hampshire  stands  third,  and  in  this  State,  also,  there  is  a  slight  increase  from  1850  to  1860. 

In  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  and  Rhode  Island,  as  well  as  in  Vermont,  the  produce  of  wool  has 
fallen  off  since  1850. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  wool  raised  in  the  middle  States  in  1860  as  compared  with 
1850: 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 9,  454,  474  10,  071,  301 

New  Jersey 349, 250  375, 396 

Pennsylvania 4,  722,  522  4,  481,  570 

Maryland 491, 511  477, 438 

Delaware 50,201  57,768 

District  of  Columbia..  100  525 


Total  .          15,  098,  058  15,  463,  998 


This  is  a  falling  off  in  the  amount  of  wool  produced  in  the  middle  States  since  1850  of  nearly 
375,000  pounds. 

New  York  produces  about  two-thirds  of  all  the  wool  grown  in  the  middle  States.  In  1850  she 
produced  10,071,301  pounds,  and  9,454,474  pounds  in  1860,  or  over  500,000  pounds  less  than  in  1850. 

Pennsylvania  produced  4,486,570  pounds  in  1850,  and  4,752,522  pounds  in  1860,  or  an  increase  of 
over  250,000  pounds. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  wool  grown  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850  : 

I860.  1850. 

Ohio 10,  608,  927  10,  196,  371 

Indiana 2,  552,  318  2,  610,  287 

Michigan 3,  960,  888  2,  043,  283 

Illinois 1,  989,  567  2,  150,  113 

Wisconsin 1,  Oil,  933  253, 963 

Minnesota 20,388  85 

Iowa 660, 858  373, 898 

Missouri * 2,  069,  778  1 ,  627,  164 

Kentucky 2,  329, 105  2,  297,  433 

Kansas 24,  746 

Nebraska . .  3, 302              


Total  .  25, 231,  810  21, 552, 597 


Ixxxviii  INTRODUCTION. 

In  1850  the  western  States  produced  21,552,597  pounds  of  wool,  and  25,231,810  pounds  in  1860, 
or  an  increase  of  nearly  4,000,000  pounds.  Ohio  is  the  greatest  wool-growing  State  in  the  west.  She 
produced  over  ten  and  a  half  million  pounds  in  18GO,  or  about  half  a  million  pounds  more  than  in  1850. 

Michigan  is  the  next  largest  wool-growing  State  in  the  west.  She  produced  about  4,000,000 
pounds  in  1860,  against  2,000,000  in  1850. 

Indiana  stands  third,  producing  two  and  a  half  million  pounds,  showing  a  very  slight  decrease  since 
1850. 

Kentucky  stands  fourth,  with  a  small  increase  since  1850. 

Missouri  and  Illinois  come  next,  the  former  representing  an  increase  of  twenty-five  per  cent., 
while  the  latter  shows  a  small  decrease  since  1850. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  wool  grown  in  the  southern  States  in  18CO,  as  compared 
with  1850  : 

18GO.  1850. 

Virginia 2,510,019  2,860,765 

North  Carolina 883,473                970,738 

South  Carolina 427,102                 487,233 

Georgia 946,227                990,019 

Alabama 775,117                657,118 

Louisiana 290,847                109,897 

Texas 1,493,738                131,917 

Mississippi 665,959                559,619 

Arkansas 410,382                 182,595 

Tennessee 1,405,236  1,364,378 

Florida 59,171                  23,247 


Total 9,867,271  8,337,526 


It  will  be  seen  that  the  production  of  wool  in  the  southern  States  increased  from  8,337,526  pounds 
in  1850,  to  9,867,271  pounds  in  1860. 

Virginia,  Texas,  and  Tennessee  are  the  largest  wool-growing  States  in  the  south.  In  Texas  the 
production  of  wool  increased  from  131,917  pounds  in  1850,  to  1,493,738  pounds  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  wool  grown  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

California 2,  683,  109  5,  520 

Oregon 219, 012  29, 686 

New  Mexico 492, 645  32, 901 

Washington 19,  819 

Utah..  74,765  9,222 


Total  . 3,  489,  350  77,  329 


The  increase  in  the  Pacific  States  is  enormous.  From  77,329  pounds  in  1850,  the  production  of 
wool  in  these  States  increased  to  3,489,350  pounds  in  1860. 

California,  it  is  thought,  will  soon  be  one  of  the  largest  wool-producing  States  in  the  United 
States.  Indeed,  Ex-Governor  Downey  writes  this  office  under  date  of  June  4,  1863,  "  We  must 
have  now  nearly  3,000,000  head  of  sheep  in  California,  and  the  quality  of  the  wool  is  annually  im 
proving.  From  the  mildness  of  our  climate,  and  richness  of  pasture,  our  State  will  show  at  the  next 
census  a  wool  product  equal  to  that  of  the  whole  United  States  at  present." 


INTRODUCTION. 


Ixxxix 


The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  wool  produced  in  the  different  sections  of  the  United 
States  in  1850  and  1860,  as  compared  with  population: 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 2.09  2.59 

Middle  States LSI  2.33 

Western  States 2.46  3.41 

Southern  States 1.08  1.01 

Pacific  States 6.04  0.43 

United  States  and  Territories 1.92  2.26 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  Pacific  States  is  the  only  section  in  which  the  production  of  wool  has  more 
than  kept  pace  with  the  population.  These  States  have  increased  from  less  than  half  a  pound  of  wool 
to  each  person  in  1850,  to  over  six  pounds  in  18GO. 

In  all  the  other  sections  the  production  of  wool  in  proportion  to  population  has  decreased  since 
1850,  excepting  the  southern  States,  where  there  is  a  slight  increase. 

The  New  England  States  stand  next  as  wool-  producers ;  but  here,  too,  the  growth  of  wool  does 
not  keep  pace  with  the  increase  in  population.  It  was  2.59  pounds  to  each  person  in  1850,  and  only 
2.09  pounds  in  I860. 

In  the  middle  States  the  growth  of  wool  in  1850  was  2.33  pounds  to  each  person,  and  in  1800 
only  1.81  pound. 

Leaving  out  the  Pacific  States,  the  highest  production  of  wool  in  proportion  to  population  was  in 
the  western  States.  It  has  fallen  off,  however,  from  3.41  pounds  in  1850  to  2.46  pounds  in  1860. 

In  the  southern  States  the  growth  of  wool  to  each  person  was  1.01  pound  in  1850,  and  1.08 
pounds  in  I860,  showing  an  increase  of  about  one  ounce  to  each  inhabitant. 

Taking  all  the  States  and  Territories,  the  amount  of  wool  raised  in  1850  was  a  little  over  two  and 
a  quarter  pounds  to  each  inhabitant  and  in  1860  less  than  two  pounds. 

FLAX. 

Flax  produced. 


Stutcs. 

1850. 

I860. 

States. 

1850. 

1860. 

Flax. 

Flax. 

Flax. 

Flax. 

Pounds. 
3,921 
12,291 

Pounds. 
Ill 
3,621 

Ohio 

Pounds. 
446,  932 
C40 
530,  307 

85 
332 
368,  131 
1,048 
20,  852 
1,000,450 
68,393 

Pounds. 
882,  423 
162 
312,368 

California  

17,928 
11,174 
60 
5,  337 
160,063 
584,  469 
62,  660 

1,187 
8,112 

344 

104,294 
115 

7.007 
487,  808 
21,044 

Florida 

Georgia  

3,  303 
48,235 
97,119 
30,226 
1,135 
728,  234 

Kansas  

Total        

7,709,126 

4,  715,  802 

Kentucky  

2,  ICO,  116 

TEIiniTORIES. 

Louisiana  

17,  081 
35.68C 
1,102* 
7,  102 

2,997 
14,  481 
165 
4,128 
1,983 
50 
100,837 
1,347 
48,  651 
1,518,025 
216,  490 

Dakota                       ...                         '  

Mississippi  

665 
027,  160 
7,052 
182,965 
11  10,  577 
593,  796 

Utah                               -      ... 

550 

4,343 

Total  

550 

4,  343 

New  York  

7,  709,  076 

4,720,145 

12 


xc  INTRODUCTION. 

The  amount  of  flax  produced  in  the  States  and  Territories  in  1850  was  7,709,676  pounds,  and  in 
1860  4,720,145  pounds.  In  other  words,  the  production  of  flax  has  fallen  off  almost  one  half  since  1850. 

Since  the  commencement  of  the  war  flax  culture  has  received  increased  attention,  owing  to  the 
scarcity  of  cotton,  and  it  is  not  improbable  that,  were  the  census  taken  now,  it  would  be  found  that  the 
flax  crop  was  at  least  as  great  as  in  1850.  The  climate  of  the  northern  States  is  admirably  adapted  to 
the  growth  of  flax,  and  all  that  is  needed  to  make  it  a  highly  remunerative  crop  is  the  introduction  of 
machines  for  dressing  the  fibre  and  preparing  it  for  market.  Great  improvements  have  recently  taken 
place  in  the  machines  for  this  purpose,  and  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  flax  will  be  much  more  exten 
sively  cultivated. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  flax  grown  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Connecticut 1,  187  17, 928 

Maine 2, 997  17,  081 

Massachusetts 265  1,  162 

New  Hampshire 1, 347  7,  052 

Vermont 7, 007  20, 852 

llhode  Island..  85 


Total 12,  703  64,  760 


The  amount  of  flax  raised  in  the  New  England  States  has  fallen  off  from  64,760  pounds  in  1850, 
to  12,703  pounds  in  1860. 

Vermont  is  the  largest  flax-producing  State  in  New  England,  but  even  in  this  State  the  crop  has 
fallen  off  from  20,852  pounds  in  1850,  to  7,007  pounds  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  flax  grown  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 1,  518,  025  940,  577 

New  Jersey 48, 651  182, 965 

Delaware 8, 112  11,  174 

Maryland 14, 481  35,  GS6 

Pennsylvania 312, 368  530, 307 

Total 1,  901,  637  1,  700,  709 


In  New  York  the  crop  of  flax  increased  from  940,577  pounds  in  1850,  to  1,518,025  pounds  in  1860. 

In  Pennsylvania,  on  the  other  hand,  there  was  a  falling  off  in  the  production  of  flax  from  530,307 
pounds  in  1850,  to  312,368  pounds  in  1860. 

In  New  Jersey,  Delaware,  and  Maryland,  the  crop  of  flax  has  also  decreased  since  1850. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  flax  produced  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 

18CO.  1850. 

Ohio 882, 423  44G,  932 

Indiana 97,  119  584, 469 

Michigan 4,  128  7,  162 

Illinois 48, 235  160, 063 

Wisconsin 21, 644  68, 393 

Minnesota •          1 , 983  

Iowa 30, 226  62, 660 

Missouri 109, 837  627,  160 

Kentucky 728,  234  2,  100,  116 

Kansas 1,  135  

Nebraska 


Total 1,  924,  964  4,  056,  945 


INTRODUCTION.  xci 

It  will  be  seen  that  there  is  a  great  falling  off  in  the  production  of  flax  in  the  western  States, 
where  over  four  million  pounds  of  flax  was  raised  in  1850,  and  less  than  two  million  pounds  in  18(50. 

Kentucky,  in  1850,  was  decidedly  the  largest  flax-producing  State  in  the  country,  raising  nearly 
one-third  of  all  the  flax  grown  in  the  United  States.  The  returns  for  I860  show  an  astonishing 
diminution  in  the  growth  of  flax  in  this  State.  From  over  two  million  pounds  in  1850,  the  production 
of  flax  is  less  than  three-quarters  of  a  million  in  I860. 

Ohio  is  now  the  largest  flax-producing  State  in  the  west.  From  446,932  pounds  in  1850,  she  has 
increased  to  882,423  pounds  in  18GO. 

On  the  other  hand,  Indiana  and  Missouri,  which  produced  a  large  crop  of  flax  in  1850,  have,  like 
Kentucky,  fallen  off  to  an  astonishing  degree.  Missouri,  which  produced  627,160  pounds  in  1850, 
now  produces  only  109,837  pounds;  and  Indiana,  which  produced  584,469  pounds  in  1850,  produces 
only  97,119  pounds. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  flax  grown  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama Ill  3,921 

Arkansas 3, 821  12, 291 

Florida 50 

Georgia 3,  303  5,  387 

Louisiana 

Mississippi 50  GG5 

North  Carolina 21G,  490  593,  796 

South  Carolina 344  333 

Tennessee 1G4, 294  368, 131 

Texas 115  1, 048 

Virginia 487,  808  1 ,  000,  450 

Total 87G,  336  1,  986,  072 


The  production  of  flax  in  the  southern  States  has  fallen  off  more  than  one-half  since  1850. 

Virginia  is  the  principal  flax-producing  State  in  the  south.  She  raises  more  flax  than  all  the  other 
southern  States.  The  amount  of  flax  raised  in  Virginia  has  fallen  off  from  one  million  pounds  in  1850, 
to  less  than  half  a  million  pounds  in  1860. 

North  Carolina  and  Tennessee  are  the  only  other  southern  States  in  which  flax  is  grown  to  any  extent. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  flax  grown  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850  : 

I860.  1850. 

California 

Oregon 162  640 

New  Mexico 

Utah : 4,  340  550 

Washington  . . 


Total 4,  505  1,  190 


In  California  there  was  no  flax  reported  either  in  1850  or  1860. 
In  Oregon  there  was  produced  640  pounds  in  1850,  and  only  162  pounds  in  1860. 
In  Utah  the  production  of  flax  increased  from  550  pounds  in  1850,  to  4,343  pounds  in  1860. 
The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  flax  in  ounces  grown  in  the  different  sections  in  1860 
and  in  1850  in  proportion  to  population : 

1800.  1850. 

New  England  States 0.06  0.33 

Middle  States 3.68  4  25 

Western  States 3.00  10.29 

Southern  States 1.52  4.09 

United  States  andlVrritories. .                                                                               2.37  5.31 


xcn 


INTRODUCTION. 


In  1850  there  was  less  than  five  and  a  half  ounces  of  flax  raised  in  the  whole  States  and  Terri 
tories  to  each  inhabitant,  and  in  18GO  less  than  two  and  a  half  ounces  to  each  person. 

The  New  England  States  raised  one-third  of  an  ounce  to  each  person  in  1850,  and  only  six-hun- 
dredths  of  an  ounce  in  1860. 

The  middle  States  produced  4.25  ounces  in  1850  to  each  inhabitant,  and  3.68  ounces  in  1860. 

The  western  States  produced  over  ten  ounces  to  each  inhabitant  in  1850,  and  only  three  ounces  in  1860. 

The  southern  States  produced  over  four  ounces  in  1850  to  each  person,  and  only  1.52  ounces  in  1860. 

As  we  have  before  remarked,  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  since  the  census  was  taken,  there  has 
been  considerable  increase  in  the  growth  of  flax;  but  making  full  allowance  for  this  probable  increase, 
the  production  of  flax  in  the  United  States,  with  a  climate  admirably  adapted  for  its  growth,  is  exceed 
ingly  small.  The  principal  cause  of  this  is  doubtless  owing  to  the  high  price  of  labor,  which  renders 
the  preparation  of  the  crop  more  expensive  than  it  is  in  other  countries  from  which  our  imports  of 
flax  are  derived.  If  the  machines  recently  introduced  for  dressing  flax  shall  prove  as  efficient  as  present 
experience  indicates,  the  production  of  flax,  stimulated  by  the  high  price  of  cotton,  will  greatly  increase. 

FLAX-SEED. 

Bushels  of  flax-seed  produced  in  the  United  Stales  in  1860. 


STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

STATES. 

BUSHELS. 

.Alabama. 

68 
545 

Oregon  .              .            .... 

6 

24,  198 

Arkansas     .      ...        .      ... 

Pennsylvania  .....    .................... 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 

109 
2,  126 

Soutli  Carolina  . 

313 
9,362 

Delaware  .  . 

Tennessee  

Florida 

Texas 

Georgia 

96 
8,670 
119,420 
5,  921 
11 
28,  875 

Vermont 

331 
32,691 
4,256 

Illinois  

Virginia  ............    

AVisconsin 

Total,  States  -  

Kansas  

506,802 

TERRITORIES. 

District  of  Columbia 

Louisiana 

Maine  ..        

419 
1,570 
7 
341 
118 
3 
4,656 
30 
3,241 
56,991 
20,  008 
242,  420 

Maryland 

Michigan    

Nebraska  

O 

Utah 

33 
30 

New  Hampshire             .                               .... 

\Vasliincrton  

Total,  Territories  

New  York 

65 

AffrccMte 

Ohio 

566,  867 

We  have  not  space  to  go  into  a  detailed  examination  of  the  production  of  flax-seed  in  the  different 
sections.  We  may  remark,  however,  that  Ohio  produces  more  flax-seed  than  any  other  State.  Indiana 
stands  next. 

The  States  and  Territories  in  1850  produced  502,312  bushels  of  flax-seed,  and  5GG,8G7  bushels 
in  I860;  showing  an  increase  of  only  a  little  over  four  thousand  bushels. 


INTRODUCTION. 


XClll 


Tlic  high  price  of  linseed  oil,  as  well  as  of  linseed  oil-cake  during  the  war,  will  doubtless  stimu 
late  the  growth  of  flax  for  seed  as  well  as  for  the  fibre.  American  oil-cake  finds  a  ready  market  in 
England  at  high  prices ;  but  it  would  seem  that  so  valuable  a  food  might  be  used  on  our  own  farms 
with  decided  advantage.  It  is  not  only  highly  nutritious  for  cattle  and  sheep,  but  the  manure  derived 
from  the  animals  eating  it  is  more  than  twice  as  valuable  as  that  from  animals  fed  on  Indian  corn. 
Our  fanners  have  not  yet  learned  to  appreciate  the  full  value  of  manures,  and  it  is  rare  that  the  question 
of  the  relative  value  of  manures  from  different  foods  is  taken  into  consideration  in  determining  what 
particular  sustenance  it  is  best  to  give  our  farm  stock. 

In  this  connexion  we  would  call  particular  attention  to  the  following  table  prepared  by  John  B. 
Lawes,  the  well-known  English  scientific  agriculturist,  showing  the  value  of  manure  made  from  a  ton 
(2,000  pounds)  of  different  foods : 


Description  of  food.  Value. 

1.  Decorticated  cotton-seed  cake 827  8G 

2.  Rape  cake 21  01 

3.  Linseed  cake 19  72 

4.  Malt  dust 1821 

.*>.  Lentils 1651 

6.  Linseed 15  65 

7.  Tares 15  75 

8.  Beans 15  75 

9.  Peas 13  38 

10.  Locust  beans 4  81 

11.  Oats 7  40 

12.  Wheat 7  08 

13.  Indian  corn 6  65 


Description  of  food.  Value. 

14.  Malt SG  65 

15.  Barley G  32 

16.  Clover  hay 9  64 

17.  Meadow  hay 6  43 

18.  Oat  straw 2  90 

19.  Wheat  straw 2  68 

20.  Barley  straw 2  25 

21.  Potatoes 

22.  Mangolds 

23.  Swedish  turnips 

24.  Common  turnips 

25.  Carrots.. 


1  50 

1  07 

91 

86 

86 


This  table  deserves  to  be  profoundly  studied  by  every  farmer.  Mr.  Lawes  has  been  engaged  for 
many  years  in  experiments  on  this  subject,  and  we  have  no  doubt  that  the  table  correctly  states  the 
relative  value  of  the  manures  obtained  from  the  different  foods ;  that  is  to  say,  if  the  manure  obtained 
from  the  consumption  of  a  ton  of  meadow  hay  is  worth  $6  43,  that  made  from  a  ton  of  clover  hay  is 
worth  $9  G4,  or  half  as  much  again;  and  this  is  true  everywhere.  The  estimates  are  based  on  the  value 
of  manure  in  England,  and  arc  undoubtedly  correct;  but  of  course  the  figures  are  only  true  relatively 
where  manures  of  all  kinds  are  of  less  value,  as  is  the  case  in  the  newer  sections  of  this  country. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  manure  made  from  a  ton  of  linseed  cake  is  estimated  at  $19  72;  while 
from  a  ton  of  Indian  corn  it  is  estimated  at  only  86  65. 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  these  are  gold  values.  At  the  present  time  the  value  of  the  manures 
in  our  currency  would  be  more  than  doubled.  If  these  few  remarks  should  be  the  means  of  calling 
the  attention  of  American  farmers  to  this  important  branch  of  rural  economy  much  good  will  be  ac 
complished. 

COT  T  0  N. 

The  amount  of  ginned  cotton  raised  in  the  United  States  in  1860  was  5,387,052  bales,  of  400 
pounds  each,  or  2,154,820,800  pounds. 

In  1850  there  was  2,445,793  bales  of  cotton  raised  in  the  United  States,  or  less  than  half  the 
amount  produced  in  1860. 


XC1V 


INTRODUCTION. 


1850. 
484,  292 

Missouri  

1860. 
41  i8S 

564,  429 

Virginia  

...                     12  727 

178,  737 

Illinois  

1   439 

499,  091 

Utah  

58,  072 

Kansas  

Gl 

65,344 

New  Mexico  

19 

300,  901 

194,  532 

Total  

5,  387  052 

50  545 

45,  131 

3,  947 


2,  445,  793 


The  following  table  will  show  the  amount  of  ginned  cotton,  in  bales  of  400  pounds  each,  raised  in 
the  different  States  in  1860,  and  also  in  1850: 

I860. 

Mississippi 1,  202,  507 

Alabama 989,  955 

Louisiana 777,  738 

Georgia 701,  840 

Texas 431,  463 

Arkansas 367,  393 

South  Carolina 353,  412 

Tennessee 296,  464 

North  Carolina 145,  514 

Florida 65, 153 

"We  have  here  omitted  a  few  States  which  produced  small  quantities  of  cotton  in  1850,  but  which 
are  unreported  in  1860.  But  the  total  amount  is  given  correctly. 

Mississippi  produces  more  cotton  than  any  other  State.  This  State  alone  raised  nearly  half  as 
much  cotton  in  1860  as  the  whole  United  States  in  1850. 

Alabama  comes  next,  and  then  Louisiana,  Georgia  standing  fourth,  though  but  little  behind  her 
sister  States. 

These  four  States,  Mississippi,  Alabama,  Louisiana,  and  Georgia,  produced  3,672,040  bales  of 
cotton,  while  all  the  other  States  produced  only  1,715,012  bales. 

Texas,  Arkansas,  and  South  Carolina  come  next  in  the  order  named. 

Tennessee  and  North  Carolina  stand  eighth  and  ninth ;  the  two  together,  however,  produce  less 
cotton  than  the  new  State  of  Texas. 

RICE. 

Pounds  of  rice  produced  in  the  United  Slates  in  1860. 


STATES. 

POUNDS. 

STATES. 

POUNDS. 

Alabama  

493,  465 

Oregon  . 

Arkansas  

16  831 

California  

2,  140 

Ilhodc  Island 

Connecticut  

119  100  528 

Delaware  

Tennessee 

40,  372 

Florida  

223  704 

26  031 

Georgia  

52  507  652 

Illinois  

8  225 

Indiana  

Iowa  

Kansas  

Total  States 

187   167  032 

Kentucky  

Louisiana  .... 

6  331  257 

Maine  

TERRITORIES. 

Maryland  

Massachusetts  

Dakota.                                                  •      ... 

Michigan  

716 

Minnesota  

3  286 

Mississippi  .  .  . 

809  082 

Missouri  

9  767 

Utah 

New  Hampshire  

AVashin^ton                        ....    ........... 

New  Jersey  

New  York  ' 

Total  Torritoric9 

North  Carolina 

7    'VI"    <)7C, 

Ohio  

1S7   167  032 

! 

•*1b8lt;eftw'  

INTRODUCTION. 


xcv 


The  cultivation  of  rice  is  confined  to  a  very  few  States.  South  Carolina  and  Georgia  produced  in 
18GO  171,608,180  pounds;  and  the  total  product  of  all  the  States  was  only  187,167,032  pounds.  In 
1850  these  same  States  produced  still  more — the  two  together  giving  198,881,304  pounds;  but  the 
production  of  rice  was  greater  in  1850  than  in  I860  in  nearly  all  the  States,  making  the  total 
215,313,497  pounds.  Of  this,  South  Carolina  in  1850  produced  159,930,613  pounds,  and  in  1860 
119,100,528  pounds.  Mississippi,  which  in  1860  produced  only  809,082  pounds,  in  1850  raised 
2,719,856  pounds;  and  Alabama  decreased  still  more,  producing  2,312,352  pounds  in  1850,  and  only 
493,465  pounds  in  1860.  Florida,  in  1850,  produced  1,075,090  pounds;  but  in  1860  only  223,704. 
The  only  States  that  increased  in  production,  were  Georgia,  North  Carolina,  and  Louisiana. 

HOPS. 

Pounds  of  hops  produced  in  the  United  States  in  I860. 


STATES. 

POUNDS. 

STATES. 

POUNDS. 

Alabama  

507 
146 
80 
959 
414 

Oregon 

493 
43,  191 
50 
122 
1,  581 
123 
638,  67? 
10,  024 
135,  58^ 

Arkansas  

California  

Ilhodc  Island 

Connecticut  

South  Carolina 

Delaware  

Florida  

Texas 

Georgia  

199 
7,254 
27,  884 
2,078 
197 
5,899 
27 
102,  987 
2,943 
111,301 
60,  602 
132 
248 
2,265 
130,  428 
3,  722 
9,671,931 
1,767 
27,  533 

Illinois  

Indiana  

Iowa 

Total  States 

Kansas  

10,991,351 

Kentucky 

TERIUTOKIES. 

Louisiana  

15 

Maryland  

Massachusetts  

Dukota 

Michigan  

Nebraska                                               ....... 

41 

Minnesota  

Nevada 

Mississippi  

New  Mexico                                               •    • 

Missouri  

Utah 

545 
44 

New  Hampshire  

^Vashin^ton 

New  Jci'scy 

Total  Territories 

New  York  

645 

Ohio  

10,  991,  996 

The  total  production  of  hops  in  the  United  States  in  1850  was  3,497,029  pounds;  and  in  1860 
10,991,996  pounds,  showing  a  remarkable  increase  in  the  cultivation  of  this  crop. 

New  York  produces  nearly  all  the  hops  raised  in  the  United  States.  In  1850  this  State  produced 
over  two  and  a  half  million  pounds,  while  all  the  other  States  and  Territories  produced  less  thsn  one 
million  pounds;  and  in  1860  New  York  produced  over  nine  and  a  half  million  pounds,  while  all  the 
other  States  and  Territories  produced  less  than  one  and  a  half  million  pounds. 

Next  to  New  York,  Vermont  raises  more  hops  than  any  other  State,  producing  638,677  pounds 
in  1860,  against  288,023  pounds  in  1850. 

In  this  country,  as  in  England,  the  cultivation  of  hops  is  confined  to  a  comparatively  small  area. 
New  York  raises  over  eight-tenths  of  all  the  hops  produced  in  the  United  States ;  and  in  this  State 


XCV1 


INTRODUCTION. 


the  bulk  of  the  crop  is  raised  in  a  few  counties.  The  county  of  Otsego  produces  3,507,069  pounds ; 
Madison,  1,520,657  pounds;  Schoharie,  1,441,648  pounds;  Oneida,  838,460  pounds;  Hcrkimer, 
707,910  pounds  ;  Montgomery,  515,584  pounds.  These  six  counties  in  New  York  produce  over  eight 
and  a  half  million  pounds  of  hops,  out  of  a  total  crop  of  eleven  millions  in  the  States  and  Territories. 


TOBACCO. 
Pounds  of  tobacco  produced  in  the  United  Slates  in  1860. 


STATES. 

POUNDS. 

STATES. 

POUNDS. 

Alabama  

232,  914 
989,  980 
3,150 
6,  000,  133 
9,699 
828,  815 
919,318 
6,  885,  262 
7,  993,  378 
303,  168 
20,  349 
108,  126,  840 
39,  940 
1,583 
38,  410,  965 
3,  233,  198 
121,099 
38,  938 
159,  141 
25,086,196 
18,581 
149,  485 
5,  764,  582 
32,  853,  250 
25,  092,  581 

Orctron  . 

405 
3,  181,  586 

705 
104,  412 

43,448,097 
97,914 
12,  24,5 
123,  968,  312 
87,  340 

Arkansas  

Pennsylvania  

California                        . 

Rhode  Island  . 

Connecticut  

South  Carolina  .        

Delaware 

Tennessee 

Florida  

Texas   . 

Georgia  

Vermont  ...          

Illinois  ......... 

Virginia 

Indiana  

Wisconsin  .... 

Total,  States 

434,  183,  561 

TERRITORIES. 

District  of  Columbia  .                             .  .   . 

Louisiana  

15,  200 
10 
3,636 

Maryland  

Massachusetts  

Dakota  

Michigan  

Nebraska  

Minnesota  

Nevada  .  .                       .    . 

Mississippi  

New  Mexico  

7,044 

Missouri  . 

Utah  .. 

New  Hampshire  

Washington  .          

10 

Total,  Territories  

New  York  

25,  900 

AcffirrcErate  . 

Ohio  

434,209,461 

The  amount  of  tobacco  raised  in  the  States  and  Territories  in  1850  was  199,752,655  pounds;  and 
in  1860  434,209,461  pounds,  showing  an  increase  of  nearly  220  per  cent. 

Of  this  amount  Virginia  produced  in  1860  123,968,312  pounds,  and  Kentucky  108,126,840  pounds. 
In  other  words,  these  two  States  produced  in  1860  more  than  half  the  tobacco  grown  in  the  United  States. 

In  1850  Virginia  raised  56,803,227  pounds,  and  Kentucky  55,501,196  pounds,  or  112,304,423 
pounds  together.  In  other  words,  in  1850,  out  of  a  total  product  of  tobacco  of  less  than  two  hundred 
million  pounds  in  the  States  and  Territories,  these  two  States  produced  over  one  hundred  and  twelve 
million.  It  will  be  seen,  too,  that  the  increase  in  the  crop  of  tobacco  in  these  two  States  since  1850  is 
over  100  per  cent.,  which,  considering  the  magnitude  of  the  crop  in  1850,  is  very  remarkable. 


INTRODUCTION.  xcvii 

The  following  table  shows  the  quantity  of  tobacco  grown  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as 
compared  with  1850: 

I860.  I860. 

Connecticut 6,  000,  133  1,  267,  624 

Maine 1, 583              

Massachusetts 3,  233,  198  138,  246 

New  Hampshire 18, 581  ,50 

Rhode  Island 705              

Vermont 12,  245 


Total 9,  260,  445  1,  405,  920 


Iii  1850  the  amount  of  tobacco  raised  in  the  New  England  States  was  less  than  one  and  a  half  mil 
lion  pounds,  while  in  I860  it  was  over  nine  and  a  quarter  million  pounds — an  increase  of  over  500  per  cent 

Of  the  nine  and  a  quarter  million  pounds  raised  in  the  New  England  States,  Connecticut  produced 
six  million,  and  Massachusetts  over  three  and  one-fifth  million. 

The  ibllowing  table  shows  the  amount  of  tobacco  grown  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850  : 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 5,  764,  582  83,  189 

New  Jersey 149, 485  310 

Pennsylvania 3,  181 ,  586  912,  651 

Maryland 38,  410,  965  21,  407,  497 

Delaware 9, 699              

District  of  Columbia 15, 200  7, 800 


Total 47,531,517  22,411,447 


Maryland  produced  nearly  twenty-one  and  a  half  million  pounds  of  tobacco  in  1850,  while  all  the 
other  middle  States  produced  only  about  one  million  pounds.  In  1860  this  State  produced  nearly 
thirty-eight  and  a  half  million  pounds,  while  the  other  middle  States  produced  over  nine  million.  New 
York  and  Pennsylvania  show  a  remarkable  increase  in  the  tobacco  crop.  New  York  has  increased  from 
83,189  pounds  in  1850,  to  over  five  and  three-fourth  million  pounds  in  1860.  The  increase  in  Penn 
sylvania  is  by  no  means  so  great,  but  is  nevertheless  quite  striking. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  tobacco  raised  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama 232, 914  164, 990 

Arkansas 989, 980  218, 936 

Florida 828,  815  998, 614 

Georgia  . 919,  318  423,  924 

Mississippi 159.  141  49, 960 

North  Carolina 32,  853,  250  11,  984,  786 

South  Carolina 104,  412  74, 285 

Louisiana 39, 940  26, 878 

Tennessee 43,  448,  097  20,  148,  932 

Texas 97, 914  66, 897 

Virginia 123,  968,  312  56,  803,  227 


Total 203,  642,  093  90,  961,  429 


Virginia,  Tennessee,  and  North  Carolina  are  the  three  principal  tobacco-growing  States  in  the 
south.     These  three  States  produce  two  hundred  million  pounds  of  the  two  hundred  and  three  and  a. 
half  million  pounds  raised  in  the  southern  States. 
13 


xcviii  INTRODUCTION. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  tobacco  raised  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

Illinois 6, 885, 262  841, 394 

Indiaua 7,  993,  378  1,  044,  620 

Iowa 303,168  6,041 

Kansas 20, 349              

Kentucky 108,  126,  840  55,  501,  196 

Michigan 121, 099  1, 245 

Missouri 25,  086,  196  17,  113,  784 

Ohio 25,  092,  581  10,  454,  449 

Wisconsin 87, 340  1, 268 

Minnesota 38,  938 

Nebraska  .  3, 636              


Total 173,  758,  787  84,  963,  997 


Next  to  Kentucky,  Ohio  and  Missouri  are  the  greatest  tobacco-growing  States  in  the  west.  The 
crop  has  also  increased  largely  in  these  States  since  1850.  Indiana  and  Illinois  come  next,  the  former 
producing  nearly  eight  million  pounds,  and  the  latter  nearly  seven  million  pounds. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  tobacco  grown  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

California 3,  150  1, 000 

Oregon 405  325 

New  Mexico 7,  044  8,  467 

Utah 70 

Washington 10 


Total 10,  609  9,  862 


But  little  tobacco  is  raised  on  the  Pacific  coast,  and  it  has  increased  a  mere  trifle  since  1850.  In 
fact,  in  New  Mexico  there  is  an  actual  decrease,  which  is  true  of  no  other  State  except  Florida. 

The  returns  show  that  tobacco  is  raised  in  every  State,  and  in  all  the  Territories  except  Dakota. 

In  1850  the  amount  of  tobacco  raised  in  all  of  the  States  and  Territories  was  eight  pounds  to  each 
inhabitant,  and  in  I860  about  fourteen  pounds.  The  unsettled  condition  of  Kentucky  since  the  com 
mencement  of  the  war,  with  the  loss  of  almost  the  entire  crop  in  Virginia,  have  caused  a  great  diminu 
tion  in  the  supply  of  tobacco,  and  prices  have  advanced  very  rapidly.  This  has  stimulated  the  cultiva 
tion  of  tobacco  in  the  northern  States  to  an  extent  which  it  never  would  have  attained  in  ordinary 
circumstances. 

The  principal  variety  of  tobacco  grown  in  the  northern  States  is  the  Connecticut  seed-leaf.  It  is 
ordinarily  grown  for  cigar  wrappers,  and  the  larger  and  more  perfect  the  leaf  the  more  profitable  is  the 
crop.  For  smoking  or  chewing  it  is  an  inferior  variety.  In  fact,  it  seems  almost  impossible  to  grow 
a  good  quality  of  chewing-tobacco  in  the  northern  States.  It  is  found  much  more  profitable  to  grow 
a  large,  tough  leaf,  suitable  for  cigar  wrappers,  than  to  attempt  to  grow  a  smaller  crop  of  better  quality. 


I  N  T  RODUOTION. 


XC1X 


CANE  SUGAR,  MAPLE  SUGAR,  SORGHUM  MOLASSES,  HONEY,  &c. 


Table  showing  the  quantity  of  cane  and  maple  sugar,  and  cane,  maple,  and  sorghum  molasses  produced  in,  the  United  States 

in  1860. 


STATES. 

Hano  sugar,  hogs 
heads  of  1,000 
pounds  each. 

Maple  sugar, 
pounds  of. 

Cane  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Maple  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Sorghum  mo 
lasses,  gallons  of. 

175 

228 

85  115 

55  653 

Arkansas  .  

3,077 

124 

115,604 

California  

6 

552 

Connecticut  ...... 

44,259 

2,277 

395 

Delaware  

1,613 

Florida  

1  669 

436  357 

Georgia  

1,167 

991 

546  749 

20 

103,490 

Illinois  

134,195 

20,  048 

806,589 

Indiana  

1  541  761 

292,908 

881,049 

Io\va  

315  436 

11,405 

1,211,512 

Kansas  

3  742 

2 

87,656 

Kentucky  

380  941 

140,  076 

356,  705 

Louisiana  ..             .... 

221,726 

13  439  772 

306  742 

32,  679 

Maryland  

63,281 

8,404 

907 

Massachusetts  

1  006,078 

15,307 

Michigan.., 

4  051,822 

78,998 

86,953 

Minnesota  .   .. 

370  669 

23,038 

14,  178 

Mississippi  

506 

99 

10  016 

1,427 

Missouri  

402 

142  028 

22  305 

18,289 

796,111 

New  Hampshire  

2  255  012 

43,833 

New  Jersey  

3  455 

8,088 

396 

New  York  

10  816  419 

131,843 

516 

North  Carolina  

38 

30,  845 

12,494 

17,  759 

263,475 

Ohio  .     ... 

3  345,508 

370,  512 

779,  076 

Oregon  

315 

1'eunsylvania  

2  767  335 

114,310 

22,749 

Rhode  Island  

20 

South  Carolina  ...... 

198 

205 

51,041 

Tennessee  

2 

115,620 

2,830 

74,372 

706,663 

Texas  

5  099 

408,358 

112,412 

Vermont  

9  897  781 

16,253 

Virginia  

938,  103 

99,605 

221,270 

Wisconsin  

1  584  451 

83,  118 

19,854 

Total  States  

230  982 

40  120,083 

14,903,996 

1,597,274 

6,698,181 

TERRITORIES. 

Dakota  

2» 

122 

275 

23,  497 

1,950 

Utah  

40 

25,475 

122 

315 

50,942 

Ag^reo-ite 

200,98-2 

40,  120,  205 

14,  963,  'J% 

l,t'J7,589 

6,  749,  123 

The  total  amount  of  cane  sugar  produced  in  the  United  States  in  1850  was  236,814,000  pounds; 
and  in  1«60,  230,982,000  pounds,  showing  a  slight  decrease  in  the  last  decade. 


c  INTRODUCTION. 

Louisiana  produces  over  two  hundred  and  twenty-one  million  of  the  two  hundred  and  thirty  mil 
lion  pounds  raised  in  the  whole  United  States. 

Texas  produced  over  five  million  pounds  of  cane  sugar  in  1860,  being  the  greatest  sugar-growing 
State  after  Louisiana. 

Of  maple  sugar  there  was  produced  in  1850,  in  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories,  34,253,436 
pounds ;  and  in  1860,  40,120,205  pounds,  or  an  increase  of  nearly  six  million  pounds. 

Of  this  amount  New  York  and  Vermont  produced  more  than  half;  the  former  producing  nearly 
eleven  million  pounds,  and  the  latter  nearly  ten  million  pounds. 

Michigan  stands  third,  producing  four  million  pounds.  Ohio  produces  over  three  millions;  Penn 
sylvania  two  and  three  quarter  millions;  New  Hampshire  two  and  a  quarter  millions;  Wisconsin  and 
Indiana  each  one  and  a  half  million ;  Massachusetts  and  Virginia  about  one  million  pounds  each.  For 
the  amount  raised  in  the  other  States  we  would  refer  to  the  foregoing  table. 

The  article  known  as  maple  sugar  is  made  from  the  sap  of  the  Acer  Saccharinum,  or  sugar  maple, 
(known  also  as  rock  maple,)  one  of  the  most  symmetrical  and  beautiful  of  American  forest  trees.  It 
is  found  in  nearly  every  State  of  the  Union,  but  is  most  abundant  between  the  parallels  of  43°  and  46°. 
The  process  of  making  the  sugar  may  be  briefly  described  as  follows:  As  soon  as  the  sap  begins  to 
flow  in  the  spring,  which  is  usually  from  the  1st  to  the  15th  of  March,  the  trees  are  "tapped"  by 
boring  one  or  two  holes  of  half  an  inch  in  diameter  and  two  inches  deep,  in  each  tree,  and  from  fifteen 
to  twenty-four  inches  above  the  ground.  Into  these  holes  are  inserted  hollow  wooden  plugs,  called 
"quills,"  which  conduct  the  sap  into  wooden  troughs  or  pails  placed  beneath.  Sometimes  the  orifice  is 
made  with  a  heavy,  curvilinear  chisel,  which  is  driven  into  the  sap-wood  with  a  wooden  mallet,  and  a 
wooden  spout,  properly  prepared,  is  inserted  to  carry  off  the  sap.  The  careless  use  of  the  axe  in  tap 
ping,  is  frequently  indulged  to  the  great  injury  of  the  trees  and  to  their  premature  destruction.  The 
sap,  ordinarily,  runs  only  in  the  day-time  and  after  frosty  nights,  commencing  as  soon  as  it  begins  to 
thaw  in  the  morning,  and  ceasing  as  soon  as  it  begins  to  freeze  towards  evening.  Each  tree  will  yield 
from  one  to  four  gallons  of  sap  in  twenty-four  hours.  Cold  and  dry  winters,  with  frosty  nights  and 
warm,  sunny  days  during  the  "sugaring  season,"  are  most  favorable  for  the  production  of  sap.  The  sap 
is  collected  from  the  troughs  and  placed  in  sheet-iron  pans  of  about  eight  inches  deep,  four  feet  wide 
and  eight  to  twelve  feet  long,  set  on  brick  arches,  (kettles  were  formerly  used  for  the  purpose.)  A 
brisk  boiling  is  kept  up  in  the  pans  for  twelve  or  fifteen  hours,  fresh  sap  being  occasionally  added, 
when  the  whole  reaches  the  consistency  of  "sirup,"  in  which  form  much  of  it  is  used  for  domestic 
purposes.  The  sirup  is  then  strained  and  put  in  kettles  holding  from  eight  to  ten  gallons  each,  where 
it  is  again  kept  boiling  for  about  two  hours.  (The  best  makers  pour  into  each  kettle-full  of  sirup 
about  one  pint  of  new  milk  to  assist  in  clarifying.)  During  this  process  the  impurities  rise  to  the  sur 
face  and  are  carefully  skimmed  off.  When  the  sirup  has  boiled  sufficiently  to  "grain"  well,  it  is  al 
lowed  to  partially  cool,  (stirring  constantly,)  and  is  then  poured  into  pans  or  moulds,  when  it  becomes 
the  "maple  sugar"  of  commerce.  On  the  average,  twenty  quarts  of  sap  will  make  one  pound  of  sugar, 
and  each  tree  will  produce  from  three  to  four  pounds  of  sugar  annually.  Very  large  trees  will  produce 
eight  to  ten  pounds.  The  sugaring  season  usually  lasts  from  four  to  six  weeks,  and  until  the  buds  of 
the  tree  begin  to  swell  vigorously,  when  the  sap  diminishes  in  quantity  and  quality. 

Of  sorghum  molasses  the  product  was  6,749,123  gallons. 

It  is  an  interesting  fact,  as  showing  how  rapidly  a  plant  can  be  distributed  through  the  country, 
that  we  have  returns  of  sorghum  molasses  from  twenty-eight  out  of  the  thirty-four  States  reported. 

The  high  price  of  sugar  and  molasses  since  the  war  has  stimulated  the  cultivation  of  sorghum  to 
to  an  unusual  degree.  The  drought  of  1863  in  the  west,  followed  by  an  unusually  severe  frost  before 
the  plants  were  ripe,  destroyed  the  sorghum  crop  of  1863.  Had  the  season  been  favorable,  a  large 


INTRODUCTION.  ci 

amount  of  sorghum  molasses  would  have  been  produced,  as  there  was  a  larger  area  planted  than  ever 
before.  The  disastrous  effect  of  the  drought  and  early  frost  served  to  discourage  many  from  planting 
in  18G4  who  would  otherwise  have  engaged  in  the  business. 

Sugar  has  not  been  made  to  any  extent  from  sorghum,  and  thus  far  the  difficulties  in  the  way  f>c 
its  manufacture,  adverted  to  in  our  previous  reports,  have  not  been  overcome. 

BEET  SUGAR. 

Within  the  last  three  years  the  price  of  sugar  has  doubled,  and  it  is  not  improbable  that  the  pres 
ent  high  price  will  be  maintained  for  some  time  to  come. 

Many  trials  have  been  made  to  manufacture  an  indigenous  sugar,  but,  unhappily,  the  experiments 
have  not  been  made  to  any  extent  on  the  proper  vegetable.  The  sorghum  has  been  tried  and  proves 
valuable  for  sirup,  but  the  great  difficulty  in  making  sugar  has  not  been  overcome,  and  the  high  price, 
of  this  article  continues. 

We  have  been  surprised  that  the  cane  has  not  yet  been,  to  some  extent,  supplanted  by  the  beet 
which  involves  no  trials  for  experiments,  as  this  plant  has  been  cultivated  successfully  for  a  long  period 
in  France  for  this  purpose,  and  the  products  obtained  cannot  be  rivalled  in  beauty  or  exceeded  in 
quality  by  the  product  of  the  cane. 

The  attempts  which  have  been  made  to  manufacture  sugar  from  beets  in  this  country  have,  as  a 
general  rule,  till  a  year  or  two  past,  proved  unsuccessful,  probably  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  experi 
ments  were  tried  on  a  small  scale,  with  the  rudest  machinery.  In  France  it  is  found  that  individual 
farmers  cannot  successfully  manufacture  sugar  from  the  beet.  It  is  properly  a  manufacturing,  and  not 
an  agricultural  process,  one  requiring  a  larger  capital  than  most  farmers  are  willing  to  invest.  The 
better  method  would  be  to  establish  factories  and  encourage  farmers  to  raise  the  beets  at  established 
prices  per  ton.  In  this  way,  with  improved  machinery,  and  the  adoption  of  the  more  recent  processes 
of  manufacture,  we  see  no  reason  why  beet  sugar  cannot  be  produced  in  this  country  with  great  profit 
and  advantage  both  to  the  manufacturers  and  the  farmers.  The  climate  of  the  southern  and  western 
States  is  well  adapted  to  the  growth  of  the  beet,  and  as  large  crops  can  be  grown  here  as  in  France. 
M.  de  Lavergne,  in  his  recent  work  on  French  agriculture,  states  that  the  average  production  of  beet 
roots  in  the  department  of  the  Nord  (where  nearly  half  of  all  the  sugar  made  in  France  is  produced) 
is  sixteen  tons  per  acre.  By  actual  trial  it  has  been  found  that  120,000  pounds  of  beet-root  will  pro 
duce  8,400  pounds  of  sugar,  or  seven  per  cent.,  and  5,030  pounds  of  molasses.  At  this  rate  an  acre  oi 
beets  of  sixteen  tons  would  make  2,240  pounds  of  sugar,  besides  molasses. 

The  industry  of  beet  sugar,  so  far  as  concerns  the  vegetable,  is  essentially  agricultural,  and  this 
country  would  appear  to  combine  all  the  conditions  of  success. 

Beet-root  sugar  was  formerly  made  in  occasional  instances  in  different  parts  of  the  northern  States, 
but  never  in  such  a  quantity  as  to  find  a  place  in  the  returns  of  the  census.  Within  the  last  two  or 
three  years  some  attention  has  been  given  to  the  cultivation  of  the  sugar-beet  in  Ohio  and  in  Illinois. 
And  there  seems  to  be  no  doubt  that  sugar  can  be  made  in  this  country  from  the  beet  with  consider 
able  profit  at  present  prices. 

In  addition  to  the  sugar  and  molasses,  there  is  another  important  item  of  profit — the  leaves  of  the 
beets  and  the  refuse  pulp.  Both  can  be  used  as  food  for  cattle,  and  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  as 
nothing  is  removed  but  sugar,  all  the  mammal  elements  of  the  crop  are  left  for  the  farm.  The  cultiva 
tion  of  the  beet-root,  therefore,  is  one  of  the  very  best  methods  of  increasing  the  fertility  of  the  farm. 
On  this  point  M.  dc  Lavergne  remarks : 

"It  was  feared,  in  the  first  instance,  that  the  cultivation  of  the  sugar-beet  would  lessen  the  production  of  cattle  and  wheat 
by  occupying  the  best,  laud.  But  this  fear  was  ill-founded,  at  least  relative  to  the  best  cultivated  regions.  It  is  now  demon 
strated  that  the  manufacture  of  sugar,  by  creating  a  new  source  of  profit,  contributes  to  increase  tin:  other  products  of  the  soil. 
The  extraction  of  the  saccharine  matter  deprives  the  root  of  only  part  of  its  elements.  Its  pulp  and  foliage  supply  the  animals 


cii  INTRODUCTION. 

with  an  abundance  of  food ;  and  the  returns  of  the  sugar-works  enable  them  to  add  commercial  manures,  which  indefinitely 
increase  the  fertility  of  the  soil.  In  1855  the  city  of  Valenciennes,  the  principal  seat  of  the  manufacture,  was  able  to  ii.scribo- 
upon  a  triumphal  arch  these  significant  words  :  '.Produce  of  wheat  in  the  arondissement  before  the  manufacture  of  sugar, 
353,000  hectolitres,  (961,173  bushels;)  number  of  oxen,  700.  Produce  of  wheat  since  the  manufacture  of  sugar,  431,000 
hectolitres,  (1,158  256  bushels;)  number  of  cattle,  11,500.'" 

The  pulp  or  solid  residue  amounts  to  about  twenty  per  cent,  of  the  entire  root.  When  divested 
of  the  juice  it  still  contains  two  or  three  per  cent,  of  saccharine  matter,  and  is  greedily  eaten  by  cattle 
and  pigs,  which  fatten  rapidly  upon  it.  It  is  said  not  to  be  good,  however,  for  milch  cows.  Ordinary 
beets  and  mangel-wurzel  contain  sugar,  but  the  Silesian  beets  alone  ai-e  cultivated  for  this  purpose.  By 
judicious  selection  and  culture,  varieties  have  been  obtained  which  contain  much  more  sugar  than  the 
ordinary  variety.  In  obtaining  this  result,  however,  the  size  of  the  root  has  been  reduced.  M.  Knauer, 
of  Germany,  has  produced  a  variety  which  he  names  the  imperial  beet-root,  which  contains  seventeen 
and  a  quarter  per  cent,  of  sugar.  This  improvement  places  the  beet  on  a  par  with  the  cane  as  a  sugar- 
plant,  while  the  cultivator  of  the  beet  has  several  important  advantages  over  the  West  India  and 
Louisiana  planters.  The  cultivation  of  the  sugar-cane  occupies  from  twelve  to  fifteen  months,  and  it 
must  all  be  manufactured  in  a  few  days,  or  great  loss  ensues.  On  the  other  hand,  the  beet  requires  but 
about  four  months  to  arrive  at  maturity,  and  then  it  can  be  stored  and  manipulated  at  leisure.  We 
would  earnestly  recommend  this  subject  to  men  of  capital,  and  that  the  business  may  not  be  recklessly 
undertaken  we  have  obtained  from  Professor  H.  Dussauce,  an  enlightened  French  chemist,  at  present 
residing  in  this  country,  an  account  of  the  beet  cultivated  for  sugar,  and  the  process  of  manufacture  in 
France,  which  we  subjoin. 

OF  THE  BEET-ROOT. 

The  presence  of  sugar  in  the  beet  was  observed  by  Margraff,  and  Achard,  of  Berlin,  attempted 
the  extraction  of  this  sugar  on  a  large  scale;  but  it  was  -only  during  the  period  of  the  continental 
system  that  the  manufacture  of  sugar  from  the  beet  acquired  such  perfection  in  France  as  made  it 
profitable.  The  beet  so  generally  cultivated  at  the  present  time  is  derived  from  the  beta  vulgaris. 
The  two  principal  varieties  of  this  root  are  the  red  beet,  which  has  been  grown  for  a  very  long  time 
in  kitchen  gardens,  and  the  white  beet.  Between  these  two  there  are  numerous  varieties,  having  a 
flesh  color  of  various  intensity.  The  seeds  of  the  same  plant,  in  fact,  frequently  produce  varieties  of 
decidedly  different  shades  of  color.  The  red  and  the  white  beet,  however,  appear  to  be  the  most 
constant,  and  the  intermediate  varieties  are  the  result  of  crosses. 

The  first  has  a  large  root,  which  grows  in  great  part  above  the  ground.  It  is  a  very  hardy  plant, 
and  has  been  cultivated  for  a  very  long  time  in  various  parts  of  the  continent  as  food  for  cattle,  and  is 
now  very  common.  The  root  which  has  been  preferred  for  the  manufacture  of  sugar  is  conical,  of  a 
rose  color  without,  and  its  concentric  internal  layers  are  also  colored ;  but  it  appears  that  the  white 
beet  of  Silesia  is  the  more  productive.  The  beet  thrives  in  almost  all  kinds  of  soils,  provided  they  be 
sufficiently  manured.  In  Alsace  (east  of  France)  it  succeeds  in  light  and  in  strong  argillaceous  soils 
indifferently.  Another  valuable  quality  which  this  root  possesses  is  that  of  succeeding  in  the  most 
dissimilar  climates  It  is  grown  to  advantage  both  in  the  north  and  south  of  France. 

The  beet  is  sown  at  once  in  the  field,  or  in  beds,  and  transplanted.  The  latter  method  appears 
now  to  obtain  a  decided  preference,  inasmuch  as  it  leaves  plenty  of  time  for  the  preparation  of  the  soil. 

In  a  piece  of  ground  well  broken  up  by  delving  or  ploughing,  and  highly  manured,  the  seed  is 
sown  in  lines  or  drills  as  soon  as  the  spring  frosts  are  no  longer  to  be  apprehended.  The  transplanting 
in  the  east  of  France  takes  place  about  the  middle  of  May,  and  even  in  the  beginning  of  June.  The 
plants  are  generally  set  about  15  inches  apart.  In  Ihe  north  the  beet  harvest  does  not  begin  before  the 
end  of  September,  and  generally  ends  in  the  course  of  October.  The  gathering  is  delayed  as  long  as 
possible,  inasmuch  as  the  root  increases  visibly  to  the  very  end  of  the  season.  But  gathering  the  beet 


INTRODUCTION.  ciii 

at  a  very  late  period  in  those  countries  where  winter  grain  has  to  follow  this  crop  is  attended  with 
more  than  one  disadvantage.  Without  speaking  of  the  difficulties  that  are  incidental  to  wet  seasons,  a 
late  seed  time  is  generally  unfavorable  for  wheat.  To  meet  this  difficulty  Boussingault  advises  to  take 
up  the  beets  at  the  period  when  it  becomes  necessary  to  prepare  the  land  for  winter  seed ;  that  is  to 
say,  more  than  a  month  before  the  present  general  harvest  of  the  root.  In  doing  so  he  relied  upon  the 
interesting  fact  ascertained  by  Peligot  in  the  course  of  his  chemical  researches,  viz  :  that  the  composition 
of  the  beet  is  identical  at  every  age.  In  this  premature  or  anticipated  beet  harvest  a  less  weight  of  root 
is  of  course  gathered  than  would  have  been  obtained  at  a  later  period  ;  but  the  nutritious  power  of  these 
roots  are  the  same  as  they  would  ever  have  been.  The  grand  questions  to  be  determined  were, 
whether  the  root  would  keep  or  not,  and  whether  the  cattle  would  eat  them  from  the  pile  as  freely  as 
from  the  Held.  All  this  was  ascertained  in  the  course  of  the  winter ;  the  beet  kept  perfectly,  and  the 
cattle  eat  it  as  freely  as  ever.  The  procedure  to  be  adopted  to  secure  a  crop  of  beets  of  average  weight 
some  considerable  time  before  the  usual  period  is  simply  to  transplant  earlier,  but  more  closely,  with 
less  space  between  the  drills.  If  experience  decides  in  favor  of  this  method,  a  late  and  unfavorable  seed 
time  for  winter  grain  will  be  completely  obviated. 

The  beet  which  grows  above  the  ground  is  best  gathered  with  the  hand;  such  as  grow  under 
ground  require  to  be  loosened  by  running  a  plough  along  the  drill.  In  Alsace  it  is  the  custom  to  take 
away  the  leaves,  and  to  trim  the  roots  upon  the  ground  ;  the  refuse  thus  obtained  constitutes  a  con 
siderable  mass  of  manure,  which  it  is  well  to  plough  in  immediately. 

Cost  of  beet  culture  for  tico  anil  a  ftu/f  drrt's  iif  good  land  in  France. 

Ilent,  taxes,  interest $23  00 

Manure ..^i-aaas^, 26  00 

Two  plouehinirs  and  two  harrowiniw ......  i(.y~>.  rv.T?v£v-  , 17  20 

i        b        e                                           o 
Seeding /.V^. ..'.'..  1 .-.' , 3  GO 

°  [<-.*   "-9    T     'tf    T"l    TJ     <?  Y    ^f  *<?  "J 

Weeding  and  delving -•  .,1  *i  . V. •„ i 7  00 

Digging  and  cartage ^' ^  ™ 


84  00 

The  production  varies  between  sixty  and  ninety  thousand  pounds,  and,  consequently,  the  price  of 
one  thousand  pounds  is  from  95  cents  to  $1  40.  The  value  of  the  leaves  used  as  food  for  cattle  saves 
some  accessary  expenses.  The  leaves  falling  during  the  vegetation  and  the  small  roots  left  in  the 
ground  represent  about  9,600  pounds  of  manure.  The  leaves  taken  from  the  root  vary  from  thirty  to 
thirty-six  thousand  pounds.  These  products  are  worth  from  $10  to  $12. 

In  France  the  product  of  each  110  pounds  weight  of  beet  is  estimated  at  4.56,  or  somewhat  more 
than  four  and  a  half  pounds  of  white  sugar.  The  amount  of  loss  in  the  manufacture  may  be  conceived 
from  the  actual  composition  of  the  beet,  which,  by  the  process  followed  by  Peligot  to  exhaust  the  dry 
root  by  boiling  it  with  alcohol  of  moderate  density,  appears  to  contain  from  4  to  5,  up  to  9,  10, 11,  and 
nearly  12  per  cent,  of  sugar.  The  analysis  of  Peligot  has  been  confirmed  by  the  experiments  of  Bra- 
conriat,  who  found  the  white  beet  of  Silesia  to  have  a  very  complex  composition,  as  the  following  table 
shows: 

Water 83.5 

Sugar 10.5 

Cellulose  and  pectose 0.8 

Albumen,  casein,  and  other  neutral  nitrogenized  matters 1.5 

Malic  and  pectic  acids,  gummy  and  tatty  matters,  aromatic  and  coloring  matters,  es 
sential  oil,  &c.,  &c 3.7 

100.0 


civ  1  N  T  R  O  D  U  C  T  I  O  N 

Oa  an  average,  the  analysis  of  Pcligot  would  lead  us  to  conclude  that  the  beet  contained,  in  100 
parts — 

Water 87.0 

Matters  soluble  in  water,  (sugar) 8.0 

Matters  uusoluble  in  water ,    5.0 


100.0 

From  which  it  appears  that  no  more  than  about  two-fifths  of  the  sugar  contained  in  the  beet-root 
is  extracted.  As  in  crushing  the  cane,  so  in  squeezing  the  rasped  pulp  of  the  beet,  a  part  of  the  loss 
is  owing  to  a  certain  quantity  of  sugar  being  left  in  the  express-pulp.  In  fact,  with  the  presses,  whilst 
from  GO  to  70  per  cent,  of  juice  is  obtained,  the  root  actually  contains  95  per  cent.  The  loss  here, 
however,  is  of  less  consequence  than  in  the  cane,  the  trash  of  which  is  used  for  fuel,  whilst  the  pulp 
of  the  beet  serves  as  food  for  cattle.  The  pulp  indeed  is  found  to  possess  very  nearly  the  same  amount 
of  nutritive  power  as  the  root  which  produces  it. 

One  of  the  considerations  which  is  of  the  highest  importance  in  connexion  with  the  production  of 
sugar  from  the  beet  is  inherent  in  the  difficulty  of  preserving  the  root  after  it  is  full  grown.  Gathered 
at  the  end  of  autumn,  the  root  suffers  no  less  from  severe  frost  than  it  does  from  mild,  open  weather ; 
frost  destroys  its  organization,  and  in  mild  winters  vegetation  continues,  at  the  expense  of  the  sugary 
principle  which  had  been  formed  during  the  growth.  If  the  beet  actually  contains  at  every  period  of 
its  existence  the  same  quantity  of  sugar,  there  would,  probably,  be  a  great  advantage  in  not  waiting  for 
the  period  of  complete  maturity,  by  sowing  somewhat  thicker  than  wont,  any  difference  of  weight  would 
probably  be  made  up,  and  then  there  would  be  no  risk  of  loss  in  keeping. 

The  quantity  of  beet  gathered  from  a  given  extent  of  land  necessarily  varies  with  the  soil,  the 
pains  bestowed  upon  the  crop,  and  the  quantity  of  manure  that  has  been  used  The  following  are  a 
few  particulars  from  official  documents : 

Produce  per  acre. 

Tons.  Cwt.  Qrs.  Lbs. 

Department  of  the  pas  de  Calais 12  17          0  4 

"       North 14  6          1  23 

"       Cher 15  11          0  1 

But  in  other  departments  the  produce  is  considerably  smaller;  so  that  the  average  for  the  whole 
of  France  has  been  estimated  at  not  more  than  ten  tons,  nine  hundred  weight,  one  quarter,  and  thirteen 
pounds  per  acre;  an  average  which  approaches  very  closely  to  that  obtained  by  Boussingault  on  his 
own  farni  during  a  period  of  seven  years. 

Assuming  four  and  six-tenths  pounds  of  sugar  to  be  obtained  from  every  110  pounds  of  beet, 
the  produce,  in  sugar,  from  an  acre  in  the  course  of  seven  months  will  amount  to  nine  hundred  weight, 
three  quarters,  and  twenty-two  pounds.  An  acre  of  land  in  sugar-cane  yields  in  fourteen  months 
fifteen  hundred  weight,  one  quarter,  and  ten  pounds. 

To  manage  one  acre  of  land  under  beet-root,  45.6  days  of  a  man  and  14.1  of  a  horse  was  the 
amount  of  labor  expended.  A  domain  of  360  acres  in  the  south  is  worked  by  1.00  negroes,  which, 
reckoning  the  time  that  the  crop  is  on  the  ground  at  fourteen  months,  would  bring  the  number  of  days' 
labor  by  a  man  to  177  per  acre. 

Such  an  expenditure  of  labor  must,  in  the  nature  of  things,  absorb  the  greater  part  of  the  profits, 
and  it  was  shown  that  the  cost  of  cultivation  and  manufacture  of  cane-sugar  was  equal  to  the  value  of 
the  produce.  Still  the  cane  presents  one  considerable  advantage  over  the  beet — namely,  that  of  fur 
nishing  the  fuel  necessary  to  the  boiling,  an  advantage  which  will  be  better  understood  when  it  is 
known  that  in  the  manufacture  of  every  100  pounds  of  beet-sugar  the  consumption  of  coal  amounts  In 
twenty-two  pounds. 


INTRODUCTION.  cv 

* 

The  importance  of  the  fabrication  of  sugar  can  be  seen  in  the  following  table,  which  ind'cates  the 
production  of  this  substance  throughout  the  world  : 


Annual 

Bengales,  China,  Siam  ........................  ..............  200,  000,  000  pounds. 

English  tuiuiiies  .............................    .............  440,  000,  000        " 

Spanish        "        ..........................................  650,  000,  000 

Dutch          "       ..........................................  100,000,000 

Swedish  and  Danish  .......  ,    ...............................  20,  000,  000        " 

French  colonies  ............  ................................  220,  000,  000        " 

France*  ..................................................  303,000,000 

Belgium  ...................................................          12,  000,  000        " 

Brazil  .....................................................  350,000,000 

United  Stalest  ............................................  420,  000,  000 

Germany  .................................................  304,  000,  000        " 

llussia  .............................    ......................  70,  000,000        " 


Totalf 3,  149,  000,  000 


EXTRACTION  OF  SUGAR  FROM  THE  BEET. 

Iii  so  important  a  fabrication  we  cannot  enter  into  all  the  particulars,  but  give  an  account  of  the 
different  processes  followed  in  French  manufactures. 

The  beets  are  taken  out  of  the  ground  when  they  have  acquired  their  full  growth,  and  are  care 
fully  separated  from  those  which  have  been  injured  by  the  operation.  The  beets  are  made  into  heaps 
in  the  field,  and  covered  with  leaves  until  there  is  danger  of  frost,  when  they  must  be  housed  or  buried 
in  pits.  The  upper  part  of  the  root  at  the  starting  point  of  the  stalk  is  cut  off,  because  this  portion  is 
harder  and  contains  but  little  sugar. 

The  beets,  after  being  cleansed  and  washed,  are  thrown  into  a  machine,  which  reduces  them  to 
as  fine  a  pulp  as  possible,  and  breaks  up  the  cells.  The  pulp  is  placed  in  woollen  bags  laid  on  each 
other,  and  between  which  metallic  plates  are  introduced;  after  which  the  mass  is  compressed  by  a 
screw-press,  and  the  juice  ccollected  which  flows  out,  and  which  constituted  about  0.4  of  the  juice 
contained.  The  bags  and  plates  are  then  placed  under  the  platform  of  an  hydraulic  press,  which  is 
unscrewed  after  having  maintained  the  pressure  for  about  ten  minutes,  when  the  bags  are  placed  two 
by  two  between  two  plates,  and  again  still  more  powerfully  compressed  In  this  manner  75  to  80  per 
cent,  of  beet-root  juice  may  be  extracted,  only  about  fifteen  parts  being  left  in  the  pulp. 

As  the  juice  soon  changes,  it  is  essential  to  raise  it  as  quickly  as  possible  to  a  high  temperature,  in 
order  to  prevent  fermentation,  and  to  saturate  with  some  lime  the  free  acids,  which  would  soon  convert 
a  portion  of  the  sugar  into  glucose.  For  this  purpose  the  juice  on  leaving  the  press  is  conveyed  into 
a  double-bottomed  boiler,  heated  by  steam,  and  the  temperature  is  rapidly  raised  from  140°  to  158° ; 
afterwards  it  is  conveyed  into  another  boiler,  also  heated  by  steam,  where  the  desiccation  or  treat 
ment  with  lime  is  effected.  Hydrated  lime  is  usually  made  by  pouring  on  quicklime  ten  times  its 

°  The  fabrication  of  beet-sugar  in  France  since  1828  to  1836  has  raised  from  5,330,000  pounds  to  90,000,000.  From  1837  to  1847  it  oscil 
lated  between  sixty-two  and  one  hundred  and  six  millions.  Since  that  time  the  production  has  varied  between  one  hundred  and  twenty-four  and 
one  hundred  and  fifty-four  millions.  In  1856  France  produced  184,000,000,  and  in  1858,  303,067,000. 

•(•Louisiana  alone  produced,  in  its  1,400  factories,  280,000,000  pounds  of  raw  sugar,  and  more  than  150,000,000  gallons  of  molasses. 
J  If  to  this  sum  we  add  the  quantities  consumed  in  the  East  Indies  and  other  parts  of  the  world,  not  enumerated  in  the  above  table,  we  find 
the  quantity  to  amount  to  5,100,494,000  pounds,  thus  classified  : 

Cane-sugar 2,900,000,000 

Beet      " 960,000,000 

Maple    "    40,494,000 

Palm    "    200,000,000 


5,100,494,000 

14 


cvi  INTRODUCTION. 

weight  of  boiling  water,  and  when  the  lime  is  entirely  slacked,  passing  it  over  a  metallic  "sieve, 
which  arrests  the  grains  of  sand  and  the  now  decarbonated  portions.  The  juice  is  first  heated  to  167° 
in  the  desiccating  boiler,  the  milk  of  lime  is  then  added,  and  the  whole  is  stirred  to  render  the  mixture 
homogeneous;  the  temperature  is  raised  to  212°,  the  supply  of  steam  being  cut  off  when  ebullition 
commences.  The  lime  combines  with  the  free  acids,  the  albuminous  substan^s.  the  fatty  and  coloring 
matters,  producing  insoluble  compounds,  effecting  at  the  same  time  a  kind  of  clarification  by  carrying 
down  with  the  insoluble  compounds  organic  remains  which  were  suspended  in  the  juice.  A  thick  scum 
having  formed  on  the  surface  of  the  liquid,  the  latter  is  kept  from  boiling  in  order  to  prevent  its  rup 
ture  by  the  bubbles  of  steam.  The  proportion  of  lime  added  varies  with  the  nature  of  the  beet,  and 
with  their  freshness,  only  three  pounds  for  one  thousand  pints  of  juice  being  used  in  the  beginning  of 
the  season,  and  with  fresh  beets,  which  quantity  is  gradually  increased,  and  frequently  reaches  ten 
pounds  before  the  close  of  the  season.  An  excess  of  lime  remains  in  the  liquor,  and  forms  a  deli 
quescent  compound  with  a  portion  of  the  sugar.  In  some  factories  it  has  been  endeavored  to  saturate 
it  with  a  proper  quantity  of  acid. 

When  the  operation  is  terminated,  the  liquor  is  drawn  off  and  filtered  through  animal  charcoal ; 
the  filters  used  for  this  purpose  being  large  sheet-iron  cylinders,  having  a  false  bottom  pierced  with 
holes  like  a  colander.  A  cloth  is  extended  over  the  bottom,  over  which  is  spread  very  coarsely  pow 
dered  animal  chalk,  added  in  successive  layers  until  it  fills  the  cylinders  to  within  one  and  a  half  foot 
of  the  top,  when  another  cloth  is  laid  upon  it,  and  is  covered  by  another  metallic  plate  pierced  with 
holes  ;  each  filter  receiving  from  6,000  to  8,000  pounds  of  charcoal.  The  filters  should  be  kept  con 
stantly  filled  with  fluid,  which  is  easily  done  by  means  of  a  stop-cock.  After  this  process,  by  which 
the  juice  loses  a  portion  of  its  coloring  matter,  and  the  lime  in  excess,  which  adheres  to  the  charcoal,  it 
is  conveyed  as  rapidly  as  possible  into  the  concentrating  boilers,  which  are  generally  shallow,  and  are 
heated  by  a  circulation  of  a  light  pressure  of  steam  through  copper  tubes  arranged  over  their  bottoms. 
The  juice  is  raised  to  a  temperature  of  70°  in  10  or  12  minutes.  The  workman  judges  by  indications 
understood  by  experience,  if  it  is  properly  concentrated,  or  if  the  boiling  is  completed.  During  the 
ebullition,  which  terminates  at  a  temperature  of  2G6°  to  275°,  a  considerable  portion  of  the  sugar  is 
altered,  and  to  diminish  the  loss  the  evaporation  must  be  effected  as  rapidly  as  possible.  This  opera 
tion  has  been  greatly  improved  by  boiling  in  vacuo — that  is,  in  close  boilers,  heated  by  steam,  and 
brought  into  communication  with  worms  and  receivers,  in  which  a  vacuum  is  made.  When  ebullition 
takes  place  at  a  lower  temperature,  the  quantity  of  sugar  changed  is  much  smaller. 

When  the  sirup  is  properly  boiled,  it  is  collected  in  a  cooler,  which  generally  receives  the  products 
of  five  or  six  boilings,  and  its  temperature  then  falls  to  about  176°.  Crystallization  then  commences; 
but  as  soon  as  any  crystals  form,  they  are  detached  from  the  sides  and  the  sirup  stirred  to  bring  them 
again  into  suspension.  When  the  temperature  has  fallen  to  130°  or  122°  the  sirup  is  poured  into 
large  conical  moulds  of  metal  or  baked  clay,  resting  on  the  point,  which  is  furnished  with  a  hole  pre 
viously  stopped  with  a  plug  of  wet  muslin.  The  moulds  are  ranged  on  long  benches  with  openings, 
through  which  the  escaping  fluids  tall  into  zinc  gutters,  whence  they  flow  into  reservoirs.  The  tem 
perature  of  the  room  containing  the  moulds  should  be  about  86°.  Crystallization  is  completed  in  about 
24  or  3G  hours,  when  the  plug  is  removed  from  the  opening  in  the  mould,  and  the  point  of  the  loaf 
pierced  with  an  awl  so  as  to  draw  off  the  molasses,  which  is  again  concentrated  even  further  than  the 
original  sirup,  and  crystallized  in  moulds.  When  the  molasses  is  too  highly  colored,  as  happens 
sometimes,  it  is  diluted  with  a  sufficient  quantity  of  water,  filtered  through  animal  chalk,  concentrated, 
and  recrystallized.  The  sirup  which  drains  from  the  second  sugar  is  frequently  subjected  to  the  same 
process  for  a  third  time,  but  the  crystallization  then  requires  a  great  length  of  time. 

When  the  sugar  has  drained  sufficiently,  the  loaves  are  loosened — that  is,  the  moulds  are  inverted 
and  the  loaves  detached  by  gentle  blows  ;  after  which  they  are  placed  in  the  wareroom,  protected  from 
dampness.  This  is  raw  beet  sugar,  which  requires  refining  before  being  fitted  tor  consumption. 


INTRODUCTION. 


cvii 


REFINING. 

The  process  of  refining  beet-sugar  is  similar  to  that  of  the  cane.     We  give  below  the  different 
proportions  of  substances  obtained  by  refining : 

One,  hundred  pounds  of  raw  lect-iugar  being  refined,  gl:e  the.  following. 


IM 

S 

!m 

o 

~1 

j 

Quality  of  the  raw  sugar. 

.9 

«*-.    to 

0     3 

1 

1 

to 

a 

3 

S 
3 

I 

"3 

co 

1-1 

02 

^ 

* 

52 

15 

67 

J5 

18 

54 

16 

70 

14 

16 

58 

17 

75 

13 

60 

18 

78 

10 

12 

Clarified                       .         

70 

16 

86 

5 

0 

COST  OF  THE  MANUFACTURE  OF  BEET-SUGAR. 
Cost  of  producing  six  hundred  thousand  pounds  of  sugar. 

Ten  million  pounds  of  beet-roots  cost 

Labor 


Fuel 

Lime — animal  black 

Ten  per  cent,  on  cost  of  machinery .  . . 

Fives  per  cent,  on  cash  capital 

llents,  repairs,  and  other  contingencies . 


From  which  deduct  one  hundred  and  twenty  thousand  pounds  of  molasscH,  $2,  ICO 
Ilesidue,  pulp,  &c 2,  490 


Cost  in  the  factory . 


813,000 
4,200 
3,600 
2.400 

3,  000 
,r)00 

4,  9.50 

31,650 


4,  650 
27,000 


Two  hundred  pounds  in  the  factory,  cost. 

Handling,  storage,  &c 

Duty 


9  00 

, 3  00 

9  90 

21   90 

Trice  varies  from  $22  to  $28,  say  $24  ;  profit,  $2  1  0. 

Showing,  on  six  hundred  thousand  pounds,  a  profit  of  $6,  300,  or  $1  05  per  hundred  pounds. 

Time  occupied,  one  hundred  days. 

The  cost  of  producing  cane-sugar  in  this  country  has  generally  been  estimated  at  about  $3  50 

per  one  hundred  pounds. 

These  statements  will  enable  our  readers  interested  in  this  subject  to  realize  the  practicability  of 
making  beet-sugar  with  profit,  especially  under  the  new  and  unfortunate  condition  of  our  country.  It 
is  not  probable  that  the  prices  of  an  article,  the  use  of  which  is  so  general,  will  very  soon  fall  so  low  as 
to  render  the  manufacture  of  sugar  from  the  beet  a  precarious  or  hazardous  business. 

Since  the  foregoing  was  prepared  we  find  an  editorial  article  on  beet-sugar  in  the  "Journal  of 
Commerce,"  of  New  York,  of  November  11,  1864,  which  concludes  as  follows: 

"Beet-sugar  is  a  novelty  in  this  country,  but  an  old  story  in  Europe,  where  it  is  manufactured  in  immense  quantities,  and 
daily  used  on  the  tables  of  millions  of  people.  It  is  sucrose — possessing  all  the  properties  of  cane-sugar.  The  white  Silesian 
beet  is  considered  the  best,  containing  a  larger  proportion  of  saccharine  matter,  and  a  less  amount  of  injurious  salts  than  any 
other  kind.  Fresh  beet-roots  yield  from  six  to  seven  per  cent,  of  sugar.  The  method  of  manufacture  is  very  simple.  The 
beets  are  cut  or  rasped  into  fine  pieces,  and  the  juice  is  then  pressed  out,  or  obtained  by  infusion.  Lime-water  is  added  to  make 
it  alkaline;  the  excess  of  lime  is  subsequently  removed  by  a  current  of  carbonic  acid  gas;  the  liquid  filtered,  evaporated  and 
crystallized  precisely  like  cane-sugar.  Small  experiments  in  the  manufacture  of  beet-sugar  have  been  made  in  this  country 
with  some  success.  To  make  it  a  reasonably  cheap  product,  however,  extensive  tracts  of  land,  and  large  outlays  for  machinery 
and  labor  are  required. 

"The  public  will  encourage  every  effort  that  may  be  made  in  this  region  of  discovery  and  enterprise.  The  present  high 
prices  of  sugar  afford  a  good  opportunity  for  talent  and  capital  to  develop  our  latent  saccharine  resources." 


CV111 


INTRODUCTION 


HONEY. 

Of  honey,  there  was  produced  in  1860  in  the  United  States  23,366,357  pounds,  but  little  over  half 
the  amount  of  maple  sugar. 

New  York  produces  2,369,751  pounds,  and  North  Carolina  2,055,969  pounds.  These  two  States 
produce  more  honey  than  any  of  the  others.  Kentucky  stands  third,  producing  about  1,750,000  pounds. 
Missouri  and  Tennessee  rank  next,  producing  over  1,500,000  each.  Virginia,  Pennsylvania,  and  Ohio 
each  produce  nearly  1,500,000  pounds.  Illinois  and  Indiana  each  produce  about  1,250,000  pounds. 
No  other  States  than  these  mentioned,  produce  one  million  pounds. 

The  census  of  1850  did  not  give  the  amount  of  honey  separately  from  beeswax.  The  total  amount 
of  honey  and  beeswax  produced  in  the  United  States  in  1850  was  14,853,790  pounds,  and  in  1860 
24,689,144  pounds,  showing  an  increase  of  over  60  per  cent.  The  proportion  of  honey  to  beeswax  is 
about  one  pound  of  beeswax  to  seventeen  and  three-quarters  pounds  of  honey. 

DOMESTIC  ANIMALS. 


States. 
I 

Horses,  number  of. 

<+4 

O 

J-H 

<D 

rQ 

a 

a 

uT 
ji> 

P 

s 

TJ 

a 

03 
r/J 

CJ 

n 
re 

«q 

Working  oxen,  number  of. 

Milch  cows,  number  of. 

(M 

O 
i* 
tu 
,£ 

a 

a 
a 

£ 

jj 

e 
h 
o> 
ja 

0 

Sheep,  number  of. 

Swine,  number  of. 

127  003 

111  687 

88  316 

230  537 

454  543 

370  156 

1,748  321 

Arkansas  -  .  ...  

]  40,  198 

57  358 

78  707 

171  003 

318,  089 

202,  753 

1,171,630 

160  610 

3  681 

26  204 

205  407 

948,  731 

1,  088,  002 

450  396 

33  276 

82 

47  939 

98  877 

95  091 

117,  107 

75,  120 

Delaware  ..  

16,  562 

2  294 

9  530 

22  595 

25,  596 

18,857 

47,  848 

Florida  ...  ..  

13  446 

10  901 

7  361 

92  974 

287,  725 

30,  158 

271,742 

Georgia 

130  77] 

101  069 

74  487 

299  688 

631  ,  707 

512,  618 

2,030,116 

Illinois  ....  

563,  736 

38  539 

90  380 

522,  634 

970,  799 

769,  135 

2,  502,  303 

Indiana  ...  

520,  677 

28  893 

117  687 

363  563 

588,  144 

991,  175 

3,  099,  J  10 

Iowa  ...  

175  088 

5  734 

56  964 

189  802 

293,  322 

259,  041 

934,  820 

Kansas    . 

20  344 

1  496 

21  551 

28  550 

43,  354 

17,569 

138,224 

Kentucky  . 

355,  704 

117,634 

108,  999 

269,  215 

457,  845 

938,  990 

2,  330,  595 

Louisiana  

78,  703 

91  762 

60,358 

129,662 

326,  787 

181,253 

634,  525 

Maine  

60,  G37 

104 

79,  792 

147,314 

149,  827 

452,  472 

54,783 

Maryland  

93,  406 

9,829 

34,  524 

99,  463 

119,254 

155,  705 

387,  756 

Massachusetts  . 

47,  786 

108 

38  221 

144,  492 

97,  201 

114,829 

73,  948 

Michigan  .  . 

136,917 

330 

61,686 

179,  543 

238,  615 

1,  271,  743 

372,  386 

Minnesota.  

17,065 

377 

27,  568 

40,  344 

51,345 

13,  044 

101,371 

Mississippi  

117,571 

110  723 

105,  603 

207,  646 

416,660 

352,  632 

1,532,768 

Missouri  

361,874 

80  941 

166,  588 

345,  243 

657,  153 

937,  445 

2,  354,  425 

41   101 

10 

51  512 

94,  880 

1  18,  075 

310,534 

51,  935 

New  Jersey  

79,  707 

6  362 

10,  067 

138,818 

89,  909 

135,228 

236,  089 

New  York. 

503,  725 

1  553 

121,703 

1,123,634 

727,  837 

2,  617,  855 

910,178 

North  Carolina  

150,  C61 

51,388 

48,511* 

228,  623 

410,  676 

546,  749 

1,883,214 

Ohio  

625,  346 

7,  194 

63,  078 

676,  585 

895,  077 

3,  546,  767 

2,251,653 

Oregon  ... 

36,  772 

980 

7,409 

53,  170 

93,492 

86,  052 

81,615 

Pennsylvania  

4:37  654 

8  832 

60,371 

673,  547 

685,575 

1,631,540 

1,031,206 

llhode  Island  .  .  . 

7  121 

10 

7  857 

19,700 

11,548 

32,  024 

17,  478 

81   125 

56  456 

22  629 

163,  938 

320,  209 

233,  509 

905,  779 

200  882 

126  315 

103  158 

249,  514 

413,  060 

773,  317 

2,  347,  321 

325  698 

63  334 

172  492 

601,540 

2,761,736 

753,  303 

1,371,532 

69  071 

43 

24  639 

174,667 

153,  144 

752-,  201 

52,912 

287  579 

41  015 

97  872 

330,713 

615,  882 

1,043,269 

1  ,  599,  919 

Wisconsin                           

110,180 

1   030 

93  652 

203,  001 

225,  207 

332,  954 

334,  055 

Total  States    

6,224,056 

1,138,103 

2,  204,  275 

8,516,872 

14,699,215 

21,590,706 

33,  459,  138 

INTRODUCTION. 

Domestic  animals — Continued. 


C1X 


o 

1 

O 

1 

'*; 

O 

o 

a 

J5 

1 

o 

ft 

a 

1 

a 

0 

O 

Territories. 

1 

"3 

a" 

3 

a 

a 
a 

S 

4 

a 

a 

g 

oT 

cT 

a 

a 

H 

"3 

to 

'f 

"5 

a 

a 

o3 

a 

0 

*J3 

r* 

£ 

g 

e 

• 

^ 

O 

J 

o 

m 

\ 

£ 

S 

6 

i 

CQ 

641 

122 

69 

639 

198 

40 

1,099 

84 

19 

348 

286 

107 

193 

287 

4  449 

469 

12,  594 

6,995 

17,608 

2,:!55 

25,  :«5<J 

541 

134 

620 

947 

3,904 

376 

3,571 

New  Mexico  

10  066 

11,291 

25,266 

34,369 

29,094 

830,116 

10,313 

Utah  

4  565 

851 

9,168 

11,967 

12,959 

37,  3!!2 

6,707 

4  772 

159 

2,571 

9,660 

16,  228 

10,  157 

6,383 

Total  Territories        

25  118 

13,  045 

50,636 

64,863 

80,158 

880,569 

53,  729 

6  249  174 

1,151,148 

2,254,911 

8,581,735 

14,779,373 

22,471,275 

33,512,867 

In  our  review  of  the  tables  of  live-stock  we  have  confined  ourselves  to  the  official  returns,- which 
include  for  the  most  part  the  domestic  animals  connected  with  the  agriculture  of  the  country.  By 
such  a  course  only  can  we  institute  those  comparative  examinations  from  which  alone  can  be  determined 
the  progress  or  decline  of  any  interests  involved  in  the  census.  The  amount  of  live-stock  scattered 
throughout  cities  and  large  towns,  which  escaped  the  official  record,  was  known  to  be  very  considerable 
in  the  aggregate;  and,  to  be  enabled  to  arrive  at  some  close  approximation  thereof,  we  directed  each 
of  the  census  takers  to  make  return  of  the  numbers  of  animals  in  his  district  believed  to  have  been 
omitted  on  his  schedules.  The  summary  of  these  returns  will  be  found  in  a  table  at  page  192,  the 
details  of  which  may  safely  be  added  to  the  numbers  in  the  official  tables  immediately  preceding  to 
those  of  the  several  State  tables,  and  to  those  given  in  the  present  commentary,  by  such  as  desire  to 
arrive  at  the  fullest  numbers  for  1860,  while  they  should  be  excluded  from  exhibits  from  which  we 
would  prepare  comparative  statements.  To  have  embodied  the  numbers  of  the  table  referred  to  with 
the  official  return,  or  to  have  included  them  in  this  review,  would  have  lessened  the  means  of  com 
parison,  and  led  to  erroneous  conclusions  as  to  the  progress  of  this  branch  of  agricultural  production, 
having  been  omitted,  as  they  were,  in  the  previous  census. 

HORSES. 

There  were  in  the  States  and  Territories  4,336,719  horses  in  1850,  and  6,249,174  in  1860. 
The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  horses  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Connecticut 33, 276  26, 879 

Maine 60, 637  41, 721 

New  Hampshire 41,  101  34,  233 

Massachusetts 47, 786  42, 216 

Rhode  Island 7,  121  6,  168 

Vermont 69,071  61,057 


Total 258,  992 


212,274 


Vermont  has  more  horses  than  any  other  New  England  State.  Maine  comes  next,  and  then  in 
order  succeed  Massachusetts,  New  Hampshire;  and  Connecticut.  There  were  212,274  horses  in  the 
New  England  States  in  1850,  and  258,992  in  1860,  showing  an  increase  of  nearly  47,000. 


ox  INTRODUCTION. 

The  following  table  shows  the  numberof  horses  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 : 

I860.  J850. 

New  York 503, 725  447, 014 

New  Jersey 79, 707  63,  955 

Pennsylvania 437,  654  350, 398 

Delaware 16, 562  13, 852 

Maryland 93, 406  75, 684 

District  of  Columbia 641  824 


Total 1,  131,  695  951,  727 


There  are  a  little  over  1,000,000  horses  in  the  middle  States.  New  York  has  about  500,000  and 
Pennsylvania  only  about  60,000  less  than  New  York.  Maryland  has  about  93,500,  and  New  Jersey 
nearly  80,000. 

The  following  table  showsthe  number  of  horses  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 

]860.  1850. 

Illinois 563, 736  267, 653 

Indiana 520,  677  314,  299 

Iowa 175,  088  38, 536 

Kansas 20, 344  

Kentucky 355,  704  315, 682 

Michigan 136, 917  58, 506 

Minnesota  17, 065  860 

Missouri 361, 874  225, 319 

Ohio 625, 346  463, 397 

Wisconsin 116,  180  30,  179 

Nebraska 4,  449  


Total 2,  897,  380  1,  714,  431 


There  were  1,714,431  horses  in  the  western  States  in  1850,  and  2,897,380  in  1860,  an  increase 
of  over  1,000,000.  Ohio  has  more  horses  than  any  other  western  State,  or  625,346.  Illinois  and 
Indiana  have  each  over  500,000 ;  Missouri  361,874,  and  Kentucky  355,704.  These  five  States  have 
over  2,500,000  horses,  while  all  the  other  western  States  have  less  than  500,000. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  horses  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with 
1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama 127, 063  128,  00 1 

Arkansas 140,  198  60,  ]  07 

Florida 13,  446  10,  848 

Georgia 130, 771  151, 331 

Louisiana 78, 703  89, 514 

Mississippi 117, 571  115, 460 

North  Carolina 150, 661  148, 693 

South  Carolina 81,  125  97,  171 

Tennessee 290, 882  70, 636 

Texas 325, 698  76, 760 

Virginia 287, 579  272,  403 

Total  .  1,743,697  1,421,014 


There  are  less  than  one  and  three-fourths  million  horses  in  the  southern  States.  Of  these  over 
one-sixth  arc  in  Texas,  and  nearly  one-sixth  in  Tennessee.  Virginia  stands  third,  having  287,579 
horses.  There  are  more  horses  in  Texas,  Tennessee,  and  Virginia,  than  in  all  the  other  southern 
States  together. 


INTRODUCTION.  cxi 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  ofhorses  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 

I860.  18.10. 

California ICO,  010  21,719 

Oregon    30, 772  8,  040 

New  Mexico JO,  066  5,  079 

Utali 4,  505  2,  429 

Washington 4,  772  


Total 210,  785  37,  273 


There  are  216,785  horses  in  the  Pacific  States.     Of  this  number  California  lias  160,610. 
The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  inhabitants  to  each  horse  in  the  different  sections  of  the 
United  States  in  1860  and  in  1850;  - 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 12.10  12.85 

Middle  States 7.36  2.90 

Western  States 354  2. .00 

Southern  States 5.33  5.04 

Pacific  States 2.54  4.79 

United  States  and  Territories 5.03  5.34 


In  the  United  States  there  were  in  1850  one  hundred  horses  to  every  534  inhabitants,  and  in  1860 
one  hundred  horses  to  every  508  persons. 

In  the  New  England  States  there  were  only  one  hundred  horses  to  every  1285  inhabitants  in 
1850,  and  one  hundred  horses  to  every  1210  inhabitants  in  1860.  In  other  words,  the  increase  in  the 
number  of  horses  in  the  New  England  States  has  fully  kept  pace  witli  the  increase  in  population. 

In  the  middle  States  there  were  696  persons  to  every  one  hundred  horses  in  1850,  and  736  in 
1860.  The  increase  in  the  number  of  horses  does  not  keep  pace  with  the  increase  in  population.  It 
will  be  seen,  however,  that  there  are  nearly  double  the  number  of  horses  in  proportion  to  population 
in  the  middle  States  than  in  the  New  England  States. 

In  the  western  States  there  were  in  1850  one  hundred  horses  to  every  250  inhabitants,  and  in  1860 
one  hundred  horses  to  every  354  inhabitants.  In  1850  every  family  of  five  persons,  on  the  average,  in 
the  western  States  owned  a  team  ;  since  then  the  increase  in  the  population  has  been  much  greater  than 
the  increase  in  the  number  of  horses.  Even  now,  however,  there  are  two  horses  to  every  seven  inhabitants. 

In  the  southern  States  there  is  about  one  horse  to  every  five  inhabitants. 

There  are  more  horses  in  the  Pacific  States,  in  proportion  to  population,  than  in  any  other  section. 
There  arc  now  about  two  horses  to  every  five  persons,  or  about  the  same  proportion  as  there  was  in 
the  west  in  1850.  There  are  now  nearly  double  the  number  of  horses  in  the  Pacific  States  in  pro 
portion  to  population  than  there  was  in  1850. 

ASSES  AND  MULES. 

The  total  number  of  asses  and  mules  in  the  States  and  Territories  in  1860  was  1,151,148 ;  and  in 
1850,  559,331,  showing  an  increase  of  over  100  per  cent. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  asses  and  mules  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860, 
as  compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Maine 104  55 

New  Hampshire 10  19 

Vermont 43  218 

Massachusetts 108  34 

Rhode  Island 10  J 

Connecticut  .  82  49 


Total 


There  were  but  376  asses  and  mules  in  the  New  England  States  in  1850;  and  small  as  is  this 
number,  there  were  even  still  less  in  1860,  or  only  357. 


cxii  INTRODUCTION. 

In  1850  Vermont  had  218,  but  in  I860  only  43.  In  Massachusetts,  on  the  other  hand,  the"rc  were 
34  in  1850,  and  108  in  I860.  In  Maine,  Rhode  Island,  and  Connecticut,  there  is  also  an  increase. 
But  it  is  very  evident  that  the  mules  are  not  a  favorite  working  animal  in  the  New  England  States. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  asses  and  mnles  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 1, 553  903 

Pennsylvania 8,  832  2, 259 

New  Jersey C,  302  4,  089 

Delaware 2, 294  791 

Maryland 9,  829  5,  044 

District  of  Columbia. .  122  57 


Total 28,  992  13,  803 


There  were  in  the  middle  States  13,803  asses  and  mules  in  1850,  and  28,992  in  1860,  an  increase 
of  over  100  per  cent.  Maryland,  Pennsylvania,  and  New  Jersey  employ  mules  to  a  considerable  extent, 
but  as  yet  in  New  York  they  have  not  generally  been  introduced,  though  they  are  on  the  increase. 

In  Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey  they  are  used  principally  in  the  mining  districts;  while  Mary 
land  adopts,  to  some  extent,  the  southern  system  of  agriculture,  in  which  mules  are  more  generally 
used  than  at  the  north. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  asses  and  mules  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Indiana 28,  893  0,  599 

Illinois 38, 539  10, 573 

Ohio 7,  194  3, 423 

Michigan 330  70 

Missouri 80, 941  41,  007 

Kentucky  117, 634  05, 609 

"Wisconsin 1, 030  156 

Iowa 5, 734  754 

Minnesota  377  14 

Kansas 1, 496              

Nebraska  . . .  469 


Total 282,  637  129,  865 


There  were  in  the  western  States,  in  1850, 129,865  asses  and  mules,  and  in  1860,  282,637,  show 
ing  an  increase  of  over  115  per  cent.  Kentucky  has  more  mules  than  any  other  western  State,  and 
Missouri  comes  next.  These  two  States  have  more  than  twice  as  many  asses  and  mules  as  all  the 
other  western  States.  In  Illinois  and  Indiana  mules  are  being  extensively  introduced,  and  the  same 
is  true  of  Iowa. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  asses  and  mules  in  the  soathern  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama Ill,  687  59,  895 

Arkansas 57, 358  11, 559 

Florida 10, 910  5, 002 

Georgia 101,  069  57,  379 

Louisiana 91, 762  44,  849 

Mississippi 110,  723  54,  547 

North  Carolina 51,  388  25, 259 

South  Carolina 56,  456  37,  483 

Tennessee 126,  335  75,  303 

Texas 03, 334  12,  463 

Virginia 41, 015  21, 483 


Total 822,  047  405,  222 


INTRODUCTION.  cxiii 

There  were  in  the  southern  States  in  1850  405,222  asses  and  mules,  and  822,047  in  1860.  II 
we  add  Kentucky,  Missouri,  and  Maryland  to  the  southern  States,  we  then  have  1,030,451;  while  all 
the  other  States  and  Territories  have  only  120,697  asses  and  mules. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  asses  and  mules  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850: 

i860.  1850 

California 3,  68J  1,060 

Oregon 980  420 

New  Mexico 1 1,  291  8,  G54 

Utah 851  325 

Washington  . .  159 


Total 16,  9G2  11,  005 


Asses  and  mules  are  used  to  a  considerable  extent  in  the  Pacific  States,  but,  more  especially  in 
New  Mexico. 

In  all  the  States  and  Territories  there  were  in  1850  one  ass  or  mule  to  every  41  inhabitants;  and 
in  I860  one  to  every  27  inhabitants. 

In  the  middle  States  there  was  one  to  every  480  inhabitants  in  1850,  and  one  to  298  in  1860. 

In  the  western  States  there  was  one  to  every  48  inhabitants  in  1850,  and  one  to  36  in  1860. 

In  the  southern  States  there  was  one  to  every  18  inhabitants  in  1850,  and  one  to  every  11  inhabi 
tants  in  1860. 

In  the  Pacific  States  there  was  one  to  every  16  inhabitants  in  1850,  and  only  one  to  every  32  in 
habitants  in  1860. 

In  all  the  sections  except  the  New  England  and  Pacific  States,  the  increase  in  asses  and  mules 
has  been  much  greater  than  the  increase  in  population. 

It  is  claimed  that  a  good,  well-bred  mule  will  do  as  much  work  as  a  horse,  while  it  can  be  kept 
at  one-third  less  expense.  Mules  are  liable  to  fewer  diseases  than  horses,  and  will  bear  ill  treatment 
better.  For  careless  hands  they  are  more  profitable  than  horses,  and  the  high  prices  which  they 
bring,  and  the  rapidly  increasing  demand  for  them,  shows  that  the  prejudice  against  them  is  not  as 
great  as  formerly.  The  active  life  of  a  mule  is  about  double  that  of  horses.  They  require  less  than 
half  the  expense  for  shoeing.  It  is  claimed  that  an  average  lot  of  mules  can  be  disposed  of  more 
readily  and  at  better  prices  than  an  average  lot  of  horses;  and  that,  as  they  cost  less  to  feed,  and  can 
be  worked  a  year  earlier,  they  are  a  more  profitable  stock  to  raise. 

WORKING  OXEN. 

The  total  number  of  working  oxen  in  the  States  and  Territories,  in  1850,  was  1,700,744,  and  in 
I860,  2,254,911 ;  an  increase  of  32  per  cent. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  working  oxen  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as 
compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Connecticut 47, 939  46,  9SS 

Khode  Island 7, 857  8,  189 

Massachusetts 38,  221  40,  1 1 1 

Vermont 42,  639  48, 577 

New  Hampshire 51,  512  59,  027 

Maine 79, 792  83,  893 


Total 267,  960  292,  785 


Excepting  Connecticut,  the  number  of  working  oxen  has  decreased  in  all  the  New  England  States 
since  1850.    There  were  292,785  in  1850,  and  only  267,960  in  1860— a  decrease  of  24,825  in  ten  years. 

15 


cxiv  INTRODUCTION. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  working  oxen  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 

IKfiO.  1850. 

New  York 121,  703  178,909 

New  Jersey 10,  067  12,  070 

Pennsylvania GO,  371  01, 527 

Delaware 9,  530  9, 797 

Maryland 34,524  34,135 

District,  of  Columbia 69  104 


Total 236,  264  296,  542 


In  the  middle  States  also  there  is  a  decrease  of  60,278  working  oxen  since  1850.  Of  this  de 
crease  57,206  is  in  the  State  of  New  York. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  working  oxen  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850: 

I860.  1S50. 

Illinois 90, 380  76,  15G 

Indiana '117,  687  40,  221 

Michigan 61, 686  55, 350 

Missouri 166,  588  1 12,  168 

Ohio 63,  078  65, 381 

Iowa '56,  964  21,  892 

Wisconsin 93,  652  42,  801 

Minnesota 27, 568  655 

Kansas 21,551  

Kentucky 108,  599  62,  274 

Nebraska  . .  12,  594 


Total 820,  347  476,  898 


Here  we  have  a  decided  increase  since  1850 — an  increase  of  over  70  per  cent.  There  is  an 
increase  of  working  oxen  in  every  western  State  except  Ohio,  where  there  is  a  decrease  of  over  2,303, 
Ohio,  in  its  agriculture,  approximates  more  closely  to  the  middle  than  to  the  western  States,  and  the 
fact  that  there  is  a  decrease  in  the  older  States  shows,  what  we  may  well  suppose  to  be  the  case,  that 
oxen  are  found  more  useful  in  a  new  country  than  in  one  where  a  higher  system  of  agriculture  is  adopted. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  working  oxen  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama 88, 316  66, 961 

Arkansas 78,  707  34, 231 

Florida 7,  361  5, 794 

Georgia 74, 487  73, 286 

Mississippi 105,  603  83,  485 

Louisiana 60,  358  54,  968 

North  Carolina 48, 511  37,  309 

South  Carolina 22, 629  20, 507 

Tennessee 102,  158  SO,  255 

Texas 172,  492  51,  285 

Virginia 97, 872  89,  513 

Total  .  858,  494  603, 594 


There  is  an  increase  of  working  oxen  in  each  one  of  the  southern  States.     There  were  in  the 
aggregate  858,494  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  against  603,594  in  1850,  an  increase  of  over  40  per  cent. 


INTRODUCTION. 


cxv 


The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  working  oxen  in  the  Pacific  States  in   I860,  as  com 
pared  with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

California 26,  004  4,  780 

Oregon 7,  469  8,  1 14 

New  Mexico 25,  266  12,  257 

Washington  Territory 2, 571  

Utah 9,  168  5, 266 

30,417 


Total 70.  478 


There  is  a  greater  increase  in  the  Pacific  States  than  in  any  other  section — an  increase  of  nearly 
130  per  cent.  Oregon  shows  a  slight  decrease,  while  California  has  increased  from  4,780  in  1850,  to 
26,004  in  I860.  There  is  also  a  marked  increase  in  New  Mexico,  though  far  less  than  in  California. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  working  oxen  to  each  hundred  inhabitants  in  the 
different  sections,  and  also  in  the  States  and  Territories: 

I860  I860. 

New  England  States 8  10 

Middle  States 2  4 

Southern  States 9  8 

Western  States 8  7 

Pacific  States 12  16 

United  States  and  Territories 6  7 

In  the  New  England  States  there  were  ten  working  oxen  to  each  hundred  inhabitants  in  1850, 
and  only  eight  in  1860. 

In  the  middle  States  there  were  four  in  1850,  and  only  two  to  each  hundred  inhabitants  in  1860. 

In  the  western  States  there  were  seven  in  1850,  and  eight  in  1860. 

In  the  southern  States  there  were  eight  in  1850,  and  nine  in  1860. 

In  the  Pacific  States  there  were  sixteen  in  1850,  and  twelve  in  1860. 

In  the  States  and  Territories  there  were  seven  working  oxen  to  every  hundred  inhabitants  in 
1850,  and  six  in  1860. 

The  Pacific  States  have  more  working  oxen  in  proportion  to  population  than  any  other  section, 
The  southern  States  come  next,  then  the  western  and  New  England  States,  where  the  number  is  the 
same,  and  the  middle  States  come  last,  where  there  is  only  one-fourth  as  many  as  in  New  England  and 
the  west. 

MILCH  COWS  AND  OTHER  CATTLE. 

The  number  of  milch  cows  in  the  States  and  Territories,  in  1860,  was  8,581,735,  against  6,385,094 
in  1850 — an  increase  of  over  33  per  cent. 

Of  "other  cattle,"  not  including  working  oxen,  there  were  in  1860  14,779,373,  against  10,293,069 
in  1850 — an  increase  of  over  43  per  cent. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  milch  cows  and  of  "other  cattle'1  in  the  New  England 
States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 

~T~ 

Other  cattle. 


States. 

1860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

M;  I'M  ir  

147  314 

133  556 

149  827 

125  890 

Now  Hampshire 

94  880 

94  277 

118  075 

114  00() 

Vermont  - 

174  667 

140  ]^8 

153  144 

154  143 

Massachusetts 

144  492 

K!U  091) 

97  20  J 

83  284 

Rhode  Island  

19  TOO 

jt<  698 

11  548 

9  375 

Connecticut  

98  »77 

85  4(51 

%  091 

80  2"G 

Total  

079  930 

608  21  <) 

0i>4  836 

567  524 

CXV1 


IN  TROD  DCTION. 


There  were  679,930  milch  cows  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  against  608,219  in  1850; 
showing  an  increase  of  over  70,000.  Of  "  other  cattle,"  not  including  working  oxen,  there  were  624,886 
in  1860,  against  567,524  in  1850,  showing  an  increase  of  over  40,000. 

Milch  cows  have  increased  about  14,000  in  Maine,  14,400  in  Massachusetts,  13,400  in  Connecticut, 
and  over  28,500  in  Vermont. 

In  "  other  cattle  "  there  has  been  a  slight  falling  off  in  Vermont.  It  is  evident  that  the  dairy  is 
attracting  more  attention  in  this  State  than  feeding  cattle  for  beef.  In  Maine,  on  the  other  hand,  there 
is  an  increase  of  about  24,000 ;  in  New  Hampshire,  an  increase  of  about  3,500 ;  in  Rhode  Island,  an 
increase  of  about  2,200  ;  in  Massachusetts,  an  increase  of  about  14,000 ;  and  in  Connecticut,  an  increase 
of  nearly  15,000. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  milch  cows  and  "  other  cattle  "  in  the  middle  States  in 
1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 


States. 

Milch  cows. 

Other  cattle. 

1860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

1,123,634 

138,813 
673,  547 
22,  595 
99,  463 
639 

931,324 
118,736 
530,  224 
19,248 
86,  856 
813 

727,  837 
89,909 
685,  575 
25,596 
119,254 
198 

767,  406 
80,445 
562,  195 
24,  166 
98,595 
123 

Total       

2,  058,  696 

1,687,201 

1,648,369 

1,532,930 

The  total  number  of  milch  cows  in  the  middle  States  in  1860  was  2,058,696,  against  1,687,201  in 
1850  ;  an  increase  of  over  370,000.  More  than  half  the  milch  cows  of  the  middle  States  are  in  the 
State  of  New  York.  This  was  also  the  case  in  1850. 

Pennsylvania  has  but  little  over  half  as  many  milch  cows  as  New  York,  but  the  rate  of  increase 
is  as  great  since  1850  as  in  the  latter  State. 

Of"  other  cattle"  there  were  1,648,369  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  against  1,532,930  in  1850, 
showing  an  increase  of  over  115,000.  In  New  York  there  has  been  a  decrease  in  this  class  of  stock 
of  about  40,000,  while  in  Pennsylvania  there  is  an  increase  of  over  123,000. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  milch  cows  and  "  other  cattle  "  in  the  western  States  in 
1860,  as  compared  with  1850 : 


States. 

Milch  cows. 

Other  cattle. 

1860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

522,  634 
363,  553 
189,802 
28,550 
269,215 
345,  243 
179,543 
40,  344 
203,  001 
6  995 

294,671 
284,554 
45,704 

970,  799 
588,  144 
293,  322 
43,  354 
457,845 
657,  153 
238,615 
51,345 
225,207 
17,608 
895,  077 

541,209 

389,  891 
69,025 

247,  475 
230,  169 
99,  676 
607 
64,339 

442,763 
449,  173 
119,471 
740 
76,293 

Minnesota  .    ... 

Wisconsin  ..    .  

Ohio    

676,  585 

544,499 

749,  067 

Total    

2,  825,  465 

1,811,694 

4,438,469 

2,  837,  632 

I  N  T  U  O  D  U  0  TI O  N . 


cxvn 


There  were  2,825,465  milch  cows  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  against  1,811,694  in  1850; 
showing  an  increase  of  more  than  1,000,000,  or  over  55  per  cent.  Minnesota  has  increased  from  607 
in  1850  to  over  40,000  in  1860;  Iowa,  from  less  than  46,000  to  nearly  190,000  in  the  same  period 

Of  "other  cattle,"  there  were  4,438,469  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  against  2,837,632  in  1850 — 
an  increase  of  more  than  1,600,000,  or  over  56  per  cent.  Iowa  has  increased  from  69,000  to  over 
293,000,  and  Minnesota  from  only  740  to  51,000.  Wisconsin  from  76,000  to  225,000.  Kansas,  which 
was  unreported  in  1850,  gives  over  43,000  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  milch  cows  and  "  other  cattle  "  in  the  southern  States  in 
1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 


States. 

Milch  cows. 

Other  eattlc. 

1860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

Alabama  

21(0,537 
171,003 

299,688 
98,974 

129,  662 

207,  646 
228,  623 
163,938 

249,514 
601,540 
330,  7  K! 

227,701 
93,151 
334,233 
72,  876 
105,576 
214,232 
221,799 
195,244 
250,  456 
217,811 
317,019 

454,543 
318,089 
63J  ,  707 
287,  725 
326,  787 
416,  600 
416,676 
320,  209 
413,060 
2,761,736 
615,882 

433,263 
165,  320 
61)0,  019 
182,415 
414,798 
436,  254 
434,  402 
563,  935 
414,051 
661,018 
669,  137 

Arkansas  

Georgia  

Florida  

Louisiana. 

North  Carolina  ... 

South  Caroliuu 

Tennessee 

Texas  .  . 

Virginia  

Total 

2,  705,  838 

2,248,788 

6,963,074 

6,064,612 

There  were  2,705,838  milch  cows  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  against  2,248,788  in  1850 — an 
increase  of  over  457,000,  or  about  20  per  cent.  There  has  been  a  slight  decrease  in  the  number  of 
milch  cows  in  Georgia,  Mississippi,  .South  Carolina,  and  Tennessee.  While  Texas  has  increased  from 
less  than  218,000  in  1850  to  over  600,000  in  1860;  Arkansas  has  also  increased  from  93,000  to 
171,000.  There  has  been  a  slight  increase  in  all  the  other  southern  States. 

Of  "other  cattle,"  there  were  in  the  southern  States  6,963,074  in  1860,  against  5,064,612  in  1850; 
being  an  increase  of  nearly  2,000,000,  or  nearly  40  per  cent ,  being  double  the  percentage  increase  in 
milch  cows. 

The  most  remarkable  increase  is  in  Texas  There  were  2,761,736  in  1860,  against  661,018  in 
1850,  or  an  increase  of  over  2,000,000.  With  the  exception  of  Texas,  and  Florida,  and  Alabama,  and 
Arkansas,  there  has  been  a  decrease  of  this  class  of  cattle  in  all  the  southern  States.  Next  to  Texas, 
Georgia  has  more  cattle  than  any  other  southern  State ;  Virginia  coming  next. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  milch  cows  and  "  other  cattle  "  in  the  Pacific  States  in 
1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 


States. 

Milch  cows. 

Other  cattle. 

1860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

205,407 
53,  170 
34,369 
1  1  ,  907 
9,660 

4,  280 
9,  '127 
10,635 
4,801 

948,  731 
93,  492 
29,094 
12,959 
16,  228 

253,  599 
24,188 
10,  085 
2,489 

Utah  .                                

Total 

314,573 

20,203 

1,100,504 

290,361 

CXVH1 


INTRODUCTION. 


There  were  314,573  milch  cows  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  against  29,203  in  1850,  being  an 
increase  of  over  97.5  per  cent.  The  main  increase  is  in  California. 

Of  "other  cattle  "  there  were  1,100,504  in  1860:  against  290,361  in  1850,  or  an  increase  of  nearly 
300  per  cent. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  milch  cows  and  "other  cattle  "  to  every  100  persons  in 
the  different  sections,  and  in  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories : 


Milch 

cows. 

Other  cattle.* 

1860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

New  Kn^land  States 

21 
24 

27 
29 
56 
27 

22 

25 
28 
30 
16 
27 

19 
19 

45 
75 
199 

47 

20 
23 
43 
69 
106 
44 

Middle  States 

Western  States  

Southern  States  

Pacific  States   

United  States  and  Territories  

It  is  somewhat  remarkable  that  the  number  of  milch  cows,  in  proportion  to  population,  should  be 
precisely  the  same  in  1860  as  in  1850  in  all  the  States  and  Territories.  By  reference  to  the  table 
(page  Ixxxv,)  showing  the  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  produced,  in  proportion  to  population,  it  will  be 
seen  that  there  were  17.62  pounds  of  butter  and  cheese  to  each  inhabitant  in  1850,  and  17.97  pounds 
in  1860. 

In  the  New  England  States  there  were  21  cows  to  each  100  persons  in  1860,  against  22  in  1850. 

In  the  middle  States  there  were  24  milch  cows  to  each  100  persons  in  1860,  against  25  in  1850. 

In  the  western  States  there  were  27  milch  cows  to  each  100  persons  in  1860,  and  28  in  1850. 

In  the  southern  States  there  were  29  milch  cows  to  every  100  persons  in  1860,  against  30  in  1850. 

In  the  Pacific  States  there  were  56  milch  cows  to  each  100  persons  in  I860,  against  16  in  1850. 

From  the  smallest  number  of  cows  in  1850,  in  proportion  to  population,  the  Pacific  States  have 
risen  to  the  highest  in  1860.  There  are  now  more  than  two  cows  to  every  family  of  five  persons,  and 
yet,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  table  showing  the  amount  of  butter  in  proportion  to  population,  there  is  less 
than  eight  and  three-quarter  pounds  of  butter,  and  a  little  over  three  pounds  of  cheese  produced  to 
each  person. 

Of  "other  cattle"  there  were  in  the  New  England  States  20  head  to  each  100  persons  in  1850, 
and  19  head  in  1860. 

In  the  middle  States  there  were  23  head  in  1850,  and  19  head  in  1860. 

In  the  western  States  there  were  43  head  in  1850,  and  45  head  in  1860. 

In  the  southern  States  there  were  69  head  in  1850,  and  75  head  in  1860 

In  the  Pacific  States  there  were  106  head  in  1850,  and  199  in  1860. 

In  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories  there  were  44  head  to  every  100  persons  in  1850,  and 
47  head  in  1860. 

It  will  be  observed  that  Ihere  are  far  more  cattle,  in  proportion  to  population,  in  the  Pacific  States, 
than  in  any  other  section.  The  southern  States  come  next.  The  western  States  stand  third ;  the 
number  in  which,  however,  is  far  less,  in  proportion  to  population,  than  in  the  southern  States. 

In  the  middle  and  New  England  States  in  1860,  the  numbers  are  precisely  the  same — 19  head  in 
both  cases. 

There  are  more  than  twice  as  many  cattle,  in  proportion  to  population,  in  the  western  States  than 
in  the  middle  and  New  England  States;  and  in  the  southern  States  nearly  four  times  as  many. 

In  the  New  England  and  middle  States  the  number  of  cattle,  in  proportion  to  population,  has 
decreased  since  1850,  and.  what  is  somewhat  remarkable,  more  in  the  middle  States  than  in  the  New 


England  States. 


*  Meaning  cattle  not  enumerated  as  "milch  cows"  or  "working  oxen." 


INTRODUCTION. 


CX1X 


Taking  the  western,  New  England,  and  middle  States  together,  the  increase  in  the  number  of 
cattle  has  not  kept  pace  with  the  increase  in  the  population ;  but  it  is  more  than  probable  that  from 
the  introduction  of  improved  breeds,  which  mature  earlier  and  fatten  more  readily,  there  has  been 
no  falling  oiFin  the  supply  of  beef,  in  proportion  to  population,  since  1850. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  obtained  from  each  cow  in  the  dif 
ferent  sections  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850,  and  in  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories: 


Butter. 

Cheese. 

Total  butter  and  cheese. 

1860. 

1850. 

I860. 

1850. 

I860. 

1850. 

75 
87 
58 
22 
15 
53 

72 
80 
41) 
19 
10 
49 

32 

25 
10 

A 

5 
12 

44 
31 

13 

A 

2* 

1C 

107 
112 
68 
22 
20 
65 

110 
111 
02 
19 
12$ 
66 

Middle  States  

Pacific  States  

United  States  undlcrritories. 

Taking  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories  together,  there  were  53  pounds  of  butter  obtained 
from  each  cow  in  1860,  against  49  pounds  in  1850;  and  of  cheese,  12  pounds  in  I860,  and  16  pounds 
in  1850.  Of  butter  and  cheese  together,  there  were  65  pounds  from  each  cow  in  1860,  and  precisely 
the  same  amount  in  1850. 

When  we  consider  that  a  good  cow,  properly  fed,  will  produce  500  pounds  of  butter  and  cheese  in 
a  year,  these  figures  do  not  appear  favorable. 

In  the  New  England  States  75  pounds  of  butter  was  obtained  from  each  cow  in  1860,  and  72  in 
1850;  and  of  cheese,  32  pounds  in  1860,  against  44  pounds  in  1850;  showing  an  increase  of  three 
pounds  of  butter  to  each  cow,  and  a  decrease  of  twelve  pounds  of  cheese.  The  total  product  of  butter 
and  cheese  being  116  pounds  in  1850,  aild  only  107  pounds  in  1860 — a  falling  oft'of  nine  pounds  per  cow. 

In  the  middle  States  there  were  87  pounds  of  butter  obtained  from  each  cow  in  1860,  against  80 
pounds  in  1850. 

Of  cheese  there  were  25  pounds  in  1860,  and  31  in  1850. 

In  the  middle  States,  as  in  the  New  England  States,  there  is  a  falling  off  in  the  production  of 
cheese  per  cow,  but  not  quite  as  great  as  the  increase  in  butter.  The  total  amount  of  butter  and  cheese 
being  112  pounds  in  1860,  against  111  in  1850;  being  an  increase  of  one  pound  per  cow. 

In  the  western  States  there  were  58  pounds  of  butter  obtained  from  each  cow  in  1860,  against 
49  in  1850;  showing  an  increase  of  nine  pounds  per  cow. 

Of  cheese  there  were  13  pounds  per  cow  in  1850,  and  only  10  pounds  in  1860;  a  decrease  of  three 
pounds  per  cow. 

The  total  product  of  butter  and  cheese  was  68  pounds  per  cow  in  1860,  against  62  pounds  in 
1850;  an  increase  of  six  pounds  per  cow. 

In  the  southern  States  there  were  22  pounds  of  butter  obtained  from  each  cow  in  1860,  against 
19  pounds  in  1850. 

Of  cheese  there  were  6  ounces  per  cow  in  1850,  and  only  5  ounces  per  cow  in  1860. 

In  the  Pacific  States  there  were  15  pounds  of  butter  obtained  from  each  cow  in  1860,  against  10 
pounds  in  1850,  and  5  pounds  of  cheese  in  1860,  against  2£  in  1850.  The  total  product  per  cow,  of 
butter  and  cheese,  being  20  pounds  in  1860,  against  12£  in  1850. 

THE  CATTLE  DISEASE.— I'lcuro  Pneumonia. 

This  disease,  so  fatal  in  Europe,  appeared  in  this  country  in  1859.  It  was  brought  to  Massa 
chusetts  by  three  cows  imported  from  Holland.  The  disease  soon  spread,  and  many  valuable  herds 


INTRODUCTION. 

were  decimated.  Great  alarm  was  felt,  not  only  in  the  New  England  and  middle  States,  but  through 
out  the  west.  A  special  session  of  the  legislature  of  Massachusetts  was  called,  and  $100,000 
appropriated  for  the  employment  of  measures  calculated  to  arrest  the  spread  of  the  disease.  The  most 
important  of  which  was,  in  brief,  as  follows :  Cattle  which  are  infected,  or  have  been  exposed  to  in 
fection,  shall  be  enclosed  in  a  suitable  place  and  kept  isolated ;  the  expense  of  their  maintenance  to  be 
defrayed,  one-fifth  by  the  town  and  four-fifths  by  the  State.  The  cattle  may  be  killed  at  the  discre 
tion  of  the  constituted  authorities,  and  their  value  paid  to  the  owners.  The  same  authorities  may  also 
prohibit  the  departure  of  cattle  from  any  enclosure,  and  also  exclude  cattle  therefrom.  They  can  also 
prohibit  the  passage  of  cattle  through  the  town  or  city,  or  of  bringing  them  into  it.  All  cattle  that  are 
diseased  or  have  been  exposed  to  the  infection,  to  be  marked  on  the  rump  with  the  letter  P ;  and  no 
animal  so  branded  shall  be  sold  or  disposed  of  without  the  consent  of  the  authorities.  All  who  know, 
or  have  reason  to  suspect,  of  the  existence  of  the  disease  among  their  cattle  must  give  notice  of  the 
fact  to  the  authorities. 

In  addition  to  the  local  authorities,  three  persons  are  appointed  as  commissioners,  to  examine  into 
the  nature  of  the  disease,  to  attend  the  hospitals  or  quarantine  stations,  and  to  make  a  report  of  them 
to  the  governor  and  council.  These  measures  were  eminently  successful ;  the  disease  was  speedily 
arrested,  and,  from  all  we  can  learn  from  the  official  accounts,  not  more  than  500  animals  died  from  the 
disease.  In  addition  to  this,  G57  animals  that  had  been  exposed  to  contagion  were  killed,  but  on  post 
mortem  examination  found  to  be  sound  ;  185  animals  were  killed  that  proved  to  be  diseased.  One  fact 
seems  to  be  clearly  established,  that  the  disease  is  contagious,  and  the  only  sure  preventive  is  to  isolate 
the  affected  cattle. 

The  disease  is  not  entirely  new  in  this  country.  It  broke  out  in  the  herd  of  E.  P.  Prentice,  esq., 
of  Mount  Hope,  near  Albany,  New  York,  in  1854.  Sixteen  animals  were  affected,  fourteen  of  which 
died.  The  disease  does  not  seem  at  that  time  to  have  spread  in  the  neighborhood,  and  this  case  at 
tracted  no  general  attention  until  it  broke  out  in  Massachusetts  in  1859. 

SHEEP. 

The  total  number  of  sheep  in  the  United  States  in  1860  was  22,471,275,  against  21,723.220  in 
1850;  showing  an  increase  of  only  748,055. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  sheep  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 


Connecticut  

1860. 
117   107 

1850. 
174   181 

Maine  

452   472 

451   577 

Massachusetts  

114,  829 

188,  651 

New  Hampshire  

310  534 

384  756 

Rhode  Island  

32  624 

44  296 

Vermont  

752  201 

I  004  122 

Total 1,  779,  767  2,  247,  583 


The  total  number  of  sheep  in  the  New  England  States  was  2,247,583  in  1850,  and  1,779,767  in 
1860,  showing  a  decrease  of  467,816.  In  1850  Vermont  had  1,004,122  sheep,  and  in  1860  752,201, 
being  a  decrease  of  251,921.  Maine  had  456,577  in  1850,  and  452,472  in  1860,  showing  an  increase 
of  nearly  one  thousand.  Maine  is  the  only  New  England  State  in  which  there  has  been  any  increase 
since  1850.  It  may  be  interesting  to  mention  that  Vermont  had  1,681,819  sheep  in  1840,  so  that  since 
that  date  the  number  of  sheep  in  this  State  has  fallen  off  more  than  one-half.  In  Maine  also,  though 
there  has  been  a  slight  increase  since  1850,  there  is  a  marked  decrease  since  1840,  at  which  time  there 
were  649,264  sheep,  against  452,472  in  1860.  In  New  Hampshire  there  has  been  an  equally  great 
falling  off  since  1840.  In  Connecticut  the  decrease  is  still  greater.  In  the  aggregate  the  number  of 


INTRODUCTION.  cxxi 

sheep  in  the  New  England  States  has  fallen  off  from  3,442,081  in  1840,  to  2,247,583  in  1850,  and  to 
1,779,767  in  I860.  In  other  words,  the  number  of  sheep  in  the  New  England  States  has  fallen  off 
nearly  one-half  since  1840. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  sheep  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

Delaware 18, 857  27, 503 

Maryland 155,  765  177,  902 

New  York 2,  617,  855  3,  453,  241 

New  Jersey 135, 228  160, 488 

Pennsylvania 1,  631,  540  1.,  822,  357 

District  of  Columbia..  40  150 


Total 4,  559,  285  5,  641,  641 


The  total  number  of  sheep  in  the  middle  States  in  1850  was  5,641,641,  and  4,559,285  in  1860, 
showing  a  decrease  of  1,082,356. 

In  1840  there  were  7,402,851  sheep  in  the  middle  States,  showing  a  decrease  from  that  time  to 
1860  of  nearly  three  million.  In  New  York  in  1840  there  were  5,118,777  sheep,  in  1850  3,453,241, 
and  2,617,855  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  sheep  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 

I860  1850. 

Illinois 769,  135  894, 043 

Indiana 991,  175  1,  122,  493 

Iowa 250, 041  149,  960 

Kansas 17,  569              

Kentucky 938, 990  1,  102, 091 

Michigan 1,  271,  743  746,  435 

Minnesota 13, 044  80 

Missouri 937,  445  762, 511 

Ohio 3,  546,  767  3,  942,  929 

Wisconsin 332, 954  124, 896 

Nebraska  . .  2,  355 


Total 9,  071,  218  8,  845,  438 


Iii  1850  there  were  8,845,438  sheep  in  the  western  States,  and  9,071,218  in  1860,  showing  an 
increase  of  about  225,000.  In  1840  there  were  in  the  western  States  4,574,747  sheep,  showing  that 
while  the  increase  has  been  slight  since  1850,  it  has  been  very  large  since  1840,  precisely  the  reverse 
of  that  which  has  taken  place  in  the  New  England  and  middle  States.  In  Illinois,  Indiana,  Kentucky, 
and  Ohio,  there  has  been  a  decrease  in  the  number  of  sheep  since  1850.  The  increase  has  been 
confined  to  the  newer  States. 

The  following  table  shows  the  numberof  sheep  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama 370,  156  371, 880 

Arkansas 202, 753  91, 256 

Florida 30,  158  23, 311 

Georgia 512, 618  560, 435 

Mississippi 352, 632  304, 929 

North  Carolina 546, 749  595, 249 

South  Carolina 233, 509  285, 551 

Tennessee 773, 317  811, 591 

Texas 753, 363  100, 530 

Louisiana 181,253  110,333 

Virginia 1,  043,  269              1,  310,  004 

Total 4,  999,  777  4,  565,  069 

16 


rxxii  INTRODUCTI  0  X . 

In  1850  there  were  4,565,069  sheep  in  the  southern  States,  and  in  1860  4,999,777,  showing  an 
increase  of  434,708.  In  1840  there  were  in  the  southern  States  3,512,767  sheep,  showing  an  increase 
since  that  time  of  nearly  1,500,000. 

In  Georgia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Tennessee,  and  Virginia,  there  was  a  decrease  in  the 
number  of  sheep  between  1850  and  1860.  As  a  general  rule  it  may  be  said  that  the  number  of  sheep 
has  declined  in  all  the  older  States  since  1850. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  sheep  in  the  Pacific  States  in  I860,  as  compared  with 
1850: 

I860.  1850. 

California 1,  088,  002  17,  574 

Oregon 86, 052  15, 382 

New  Mexico 830,  116  377,  271 

Utah 37,  332  3, 262 

Washington 10,  157  


Total 2,  051,  659  413,  489 


Iii  1850  the  total  number  of  sheep  in  the  Pacific  States  was  413,489,  and  in  1860  2,051,659; 
showing  an  increase  of  1,638,170.  California  alone  has  increased  1,000,000. 

Taking  the  New  England,  middle,  and  western  States  together,  the  total  number  of  sheep  in  1850 
was  16,734,662,  and  in  1860  15,410,270,  showing  a  decrease  in  the  aggregate  number  of  sheep  in  these 
States  of  1,324,392.  The  increase  has  bee.n  in  the  Pacific  and  southern  States. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  sheep  to  each  100  inhabitants  in  the  different  sections, 
and  in  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 56               82 

Middle  States 53               58 

Western  States 88  140 

Southern  States 54               62 

Pacific  States 371  231 

United  States  and  Territories 71               93 

In  1850  there  were  93  sheep  to  every  100  persons  in  the  States  and  Territories,  and  71  in  1860. 
In  the  middle  States  there  were  58  sheep  to  each  100  persons  in  1850,  and  53  in  1860. 
In  the  New  England  States  there  were  in  1850  82  sheep  to  each  100  persons,  and  56  in  1860. 
In  the  western  States  there  were  to  each  100  inhabitants  140  sheep  in  1850,  and  88  sheep  in  1860. 
In  the  southern  States  there  were  to  each  100  inhabitants  62  sheep  in  1850,  and  54  sheep  in  1860. 
In  the  Pacific  States  there  were  231  sheep  to  each  100  persons  in  1850.  and  371  sheep  in  1860. 

AMOUNT  OF  WOOL  PEU  SHEEP. 

The  following  table  will  show  the  amount  of  wool  from  each  sheep  in  the  different  sections,  and 
in  the  whole  United  States  and  Territories,  in  1850  and  in  1860  : 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 3.62  Ibs.  3.15  Ibs. 

Middle  States 3.28    "  2.74    " 

Western  States 2.82    "  2.43    " 

Southern  States 1.95   "  1.82    " 

Pacific  States 1.68    "  0.18    " 

United  States  and  Territories 2.68    "  2.41    " 

In  1850  the  amount  of  wool  in  the  United  States  and  Territories  was  2.41  pounds  per  sheep, 
and  in  1860  2.68  pounds,  showing  an  increase  of  0.27  pounds  per  sheep,  or  a  little  over  one-quarter  of 
a  pound  per  sheep. 


INTRODUCTION.  cxxiii 

In  the  New  England  States  the  amount  per  sheep  in  1850  was  3.15  pounds,  and  in  1860  3.62, 
au  increase  of  0.57  pound,  or  over  half  a  pound  per  sheep. 

In  the  middle  States  the  amount  of  wool  per  sheep  in  1850  was  2.74  pounds,  and  in  1860  3.28, 
an  increase  of  0.74  pound,  or  nearly  three-quarters  of  a  pound  per  sheep. 

In  the  western  States  the  amount  of  wool  per  sheep  in  1850  was  2.43  pounds,  and  in  1860  2.82 
pounds,  an  increase  of  0.39  pound,  or  about  six  ounces  per  sheep. 

In  the  southern  States  the  amount  of  wool  per  sheep  in  1850  was  1.82  pound,  and  in  1860  1.95 
pound,  an  increase  of  0.13  pound,  or  about  two  ounces  per  sheep. 

In  the  Pacific  States  the  amount  of  wool  per  sheep  in  1850  was  only  0.18  pound,  or  less  than  three 
ounces.  In  1860  the  amount  had  increased  to  1.68  pound,  showing  that  vast  improvements  have  taken 
place  in  sheep  husbandry  in  the  Pacific  States.  This  has  been  brought  about  principally  by  the  intro 
duction  of  sheep  from  the  Atlantic  States  and  from  Australia. 

It  will  be  observed  that  more  wool  is  obtained  per  sheep  in  the  New  England  States  than  in  any 
other  section;  the  middle  States  coming  next,  then  the  western,  then  the  southern,  and  lastly  the  Pacific. 
The  increase  of  wool  per  head  has  been  greatest  in  the  Pacific  Sfates,  or  over  one  pound  and  a  half  per 
head.  The  middle  States  show  the  next  greatest  increase,  or  about  three-quarters  of  a  pound  per  sheep. 
The  western  States  come  next,  or  about  six  ounces  per  sheep.  The  southern  States  show  the  smallest 
increase,  or  only  two  ounces  per  sheep. 

It  may  be  well  to  observe  that  the  improvement  which  has  taken  place  in  the  New  England  and 
middle  States  in  the  weight  of  wool  has  been  obtained,  it  is  believed,  to  a  certain  extent,  at  the  expense 
of  quality.  It  is  claimed  by  the  manufacturers  that  there  is  more  oil  or  grease  in  the  Hecces  than  for 
merly  ;  and  it  is  a  fact  that  they  pay  more  for  Ohio  and  other  western  wool  than  for  that  of  the  middle 
and  New  England  States.  Vermont  wool  is  usually  quoted  at  five  cents  per  pound  less  than  Ohio  wool. 

SWINE. 

There  were  in  the  States  and  Territories  30,354,213  swine  in  1850,  33,512,867  in  1860,  showing 
an  increase  of  over  3,000,000. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  swine  in  the  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

Connecticut 75,  120  7G,  472 

Massachusetts 73, 948  81,  119 

Maine 54,  783  54,  598 

New  Hampshire 51,  935  63,  487 

Rhode  Island 17,  478  19, 509 

Vermont..  52,912  06,296 


Total 326,  176  361,  481 


There  were  in  the  New  England  States  in  1850  361,481  swine,  and  in  1860  326,176,  showing  a 
decrease  of  35,310  head. 

There  has  been  a  decrease  in  all  the  New  England  States  except  Maine,  where  there  is  an 
increase  of  about  two  hundred. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  swine  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

New  York 910,  178  1,  018, 252 

New  Jersey 236, 089  250, 370 

Pennsylvania 1,  031,  266  1,  040,  360 

Delaware 47, 848  56, 201 

Maryland 387, 756  352,  <>t  1 

District  of  Columbia 1, 099  1, 035 


Total 2, 614,  230  2,  719,  795 


cxxiv  INTRODUCTION. 

There  were  2,719,795  swine  in  the  middle  States  in  1850,  and  2,614,236  in  1860;  a  decrease  of 
over  105,000  head.  There  is  a  slight  increase  in  Maryland ;  all  the  other  States  have  decreased.  In 
New  York  alone  there  is  a  decrease  of  over  100,000  head.  Pennsylvania  has  more  swine  than  any 
other  middle  State. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  swine  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Illinois : 2,  502,  308  i,  915,  907 

Indiana 3,  099,  110  2,  2G3,  776 

Iowa 934, 820  323, 247 

Kansas 138, 224               

Kentucky 2,  330,  595  2,  891,  163 

Missouri 2,  345,  425  1,  702,  625 

Michigan 372,  386  205,  847 

Minnesota 101, 371  734 

Ohio 2,  251,  653  1,  964,  770 

Wisconsin 334,  055  159, 276 

Nebraska 25,  369 


Total 14,435,316  1 1,  427,  345 

There  were  in  the  western  States  11,427,345  swine  in  1850,  and  in  1860  14,435,330,  showing  an 
increase  of  over  three  million. 

There  has  been  an  increase  in  every  western  State  except  Kentucky,  in  which  State  there  has 
been  a  falling  off  in  the  number  of  swine  of  over  half  a  million. 

Indiana  has  more  swine  than  any  other  State  in  the  west,  or,  in  fact,  of  the  United  States,  having 
3,099,110,  against  2,263,776  in  1850. 

Illinois  stands  next,  having  2,502,308  head  in  1860,  against  1,915,907  in  1850;  an  increase  of  over 
half  a  million. 

Missouri  stands  next,  having  2,345,425,  against  1,702,625  in  1850;  showing  an  increase  of  nearly 
forty  per  cent. 

Kentucky  had  more  swine  in  1850  than  any  other  western  State,  and  more  than  any  other  in  the 
United  States  except  Tennessee.  She  has  now,  however,  about  15,000  less  thau  Missouri. 

Iowa  shows  a  remarkable  increase  in  the  number  of  swine,  having  323,247  in  1850,  and  934,820 
in  1860;  an  increase  of  nearly  200  per  cent. 

Minnesota  has  increased  from  734  in  1850,  to  101,371  in  1860;  an  increase  of  100,000. 

The  following  table  shows  thenumber  of  swine  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 : 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama 1,  748,  321  1,  904,  540 

Arkansas 1,  171,  630  836,  727 

Florida 271,  742  209,  453 

Georgia 2,  036,  116  2,  168,  617 

Louisiana 634, 525  597, 301 

Mississippi 1,  532,  768  1,  582,  734 

North  Carolina 1,  883,  214  1,  812,  813 

South  Carolina 965,  779  1,  065,  503 

Tennessee 2,  347,  321  3,  104,  800 

Texas 1,  371,  532  692,  022 

Virginia 1,  599,  919  1,  829,  843 


Total 15,  562,  867  15,  804,  353 


There  were  in  the  southern  States  in  1850  15,804,353  swine,  and  in  1860  15,562,867,  showing  a 
decrease  of  nearly  250,000  head. 


INTRODUCTION.  cxxv 

Tennessee,  Georgia,  North  Carolina,  Virginia,  Mississippi,  and  Texas,  are  the  largest  hog-producing 
States  in  the  south.  Adding  Kentucky  and  Missouri  to  the  southern  States,  it  will  be  seen  that  then; 
are  20,238,887  head  of  swine,  while  in  all  the  other  States  and  Territories  there  are  only  13,273,080. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  swine  in  the  Pacifie  States  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850  : 

1800.  iar>o.       • 

California 456, 396  2, 770 

Oregon '  81,  615  30,  235 

New  Mexico 10,  313  7, 314 

Washington 6,  383              

Utah . .  6, 707  914 


Total 501,  414  41,  239 


There  were  561,414  swine  in  the  Pacific  States  in  I860,  against  41,23.0  in  1850,  showing  an 
increase  of  over  twelve  hundred  per  cent. 

California  has  increased  from  less  than  three  thousand  in  1850,  to  nearly  a  half  million  in  I860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  swine  in  the  different  sections,  and  in  the  United  States 
and  Territories,  to  each  hundred  inhabitants,  in  1850  and  in  1860 : 

I860.  1850. 

New  England  States 10  13 

Middle  States 31  41 

Western  States 149  181 

Southern  States 175  215 

Pacific  States 101  23 

States  and  Territories 106  131 

In  the  New  England  States  there  were  thirteen  head  of  swine  to  each  hundred  inhabitants  in 
1850,  and  only  ten  in  1860. 

In  the  middle  States  there  were.in  1850,  forty-one  to  each  hundredinhabitants,and  thirty-one  in  1860. 

lu  the  western  States  there  were  one  hundred  and  eighty-one  to  eacli  hundred  inhabitants  in  1850, 
and  one  hundred  and  forty-nine  in  1860. 

*  w' 

111  the  southern  States  there  were  two  hundred  and  fifteen  to  each  hundred  inhabitants  in  1850, 
and  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  in  1860. 

In  the  Pacific  States  there  were,  in  1850,  twenty-three  to  each  hundred  inhabitants,  and  one 
hundred  and  one  in  1860. 

In  all  the  sections,  except  the  Pacific  States,  the  increase  in  the  number  of  swine  has  not  kept 
pace  with  the  increase  in  population. 

It  will  be  observed  that  there  are  more  swine  in  the  southern  States,  in  proportion  to  population, 
than  in  any  other  section.  There  are  in  the  south  eight  and  three-quarters  pigs  to  each  family  of  five 
persons. 

The  western  States  have  the  next  largest  proportion  of  swine.  There  are  nearly  seven  and  one- 
half  to  each  family  of  five  persons. 

The  Pacific  States  have  the  next  largest  proportion,  or  a  little  over  five  to  each  family. 

In  the  middle  States  there  are  only  about  three  to  ten  persons,  and  in  the  New  England  States 
only  one  to  ten  persons. 

In  the  western  States  there  are  nearly  five  times  as  many  swine,  in  proportion  to  population,  as  in 
the  middle  States,  and  fifteen  times  as  many  as  in  the  New  England  States. 

In  the  United  States  there  were  one  hundred  and  thirty-one  swine  to  each  hundred  inhabitants 
in  1850,  and  one  hundred  and  six  in  1860. 

This  falling  off  in  the  number  of  swine,  in  proportion  to  population,  may  be  accounted  for  by  the 
increased  tacilities  for  the  transportation  of  grain,  and  its  consequent  relative  advance  in  price.  Pigs 
cixu  be  multiplied  so  rapidly  that,  as  soon  as  it  is  more  profitable  to  feed  grain  to  swine  than  to  sell  it, 


cxxvi 


INTRODUCTION. 


the  supply  of  pork  will  be  quite  equal  to  the  demand.  In  the  New  England  and  middle  States  pork, 
up  to  the  present  winter,  (1864— '65,)  has  rarely  commanded  a  price  at  which  marketable  grain  can  be 
fed  to  swine  with  a  profit.  Under  the  best  system  of  feeding,  it  requires  seven  bushels  of  Indian  corn 
to  make  one  hundred  pounds  of  pork ;  and,  as  the  freight  from  the  west  is  much  less  on  the  hundred 
pounds  of  pork  than  it  is  on  the  seven  bushels  of  corn,  (say  420  pounds,)  and  as  hitherto  the  Atlantic 
cities  have  been  the  principal  market,  it  is  more  profitable  for  the  western  farmers  to  feed  their  grain 
to  pigs  than  it  is  for  the  farmers  of  the  middle  and  New  England  States.  In  other  words,  the  farmers 
of  these  States  are  subjected  to  a  more  severe  competition  from  the  west  in  the  production  of  pork  than 
in  the  production  of  grain.  During  the  present  winter  grain  has  been  so  high  in  the  west  that  there 
has  been  less  difference  in  favor  of  the  western  farmer  in  fattening  pork,  as  compared  with  the  eastern 
farmer,  and  the  result  has  been  a  much  higher  price  in  the  Atlantic  States  than  ever  before  known. 
For  the  first  time  in  many  years  it  has  been  quite  profitable  to  fatten  pigs  on  marketable  grain  in  the 
middle  and  New  England  States.  The  fact  is  an  interesting  one,  as  sustaining  the  views  expressed  in 
the  former  part  of  this  article  in  regard  to  the  difficulties  under  which  the  farmers  of  the  Atlantic  States 
labor  in  the  production  of  beef,  pork,  wool,  and  other  articles  on  which,  in  proportion  to  value,  the 
freight  is  comparatively  light,  and,  as  a  consequence,  the  difficulty  of  making  manure  and  increasing  the 
fertility  of  the  soil. 

VALUE    OP    LIVE    STOCK. 

Value  of  live  stock  in  the  United  States  in  I860. 


STATES. 

VALUK. 

STATES. 

VALUE. 

$43,411,711 
22,096,977 
'35,  585,017 
11,311,079 
3,  144,706 
5,  553,  356 
38,  372,  734 
72,501,225 
41,  855,539 
22,  476,  293 
3,  332,  450 
61,868,237 
24,  546,  940 
15,  437,  533 
14,667,  853 
12,737,744 
23,  714,  771 
3,  642,  841 
41,891,692 
53,693,  673 
10,924,627 
16,  134,693 
103,  856,  296 
31,  130,805 
SO,  384,  819 

0  rcgon  

85,946,255 
69,  672,  726 
2,  042,  044 
23,934,  465 
60,211,425 
42,825,447 
16,241,989 
47,803,049 
17,  807,  375 

Pennsylvania  

Rhode  Island  

South  Carolina  

Tennessee  

Texas 

Vermont  .... 

Virginia  

\Visconsin  

1,  080,  758,  386 

TERRITORIES. 

District  of  Columbia  

Louisiana  

109,640 
39,  116 
1,  128,  771 
177,  638 
4,  499,  746 
1,516,  707 
1,099,911 

Maine 

Dakota  .         -    

Michigan 

Nebraska  

Nevada       ............................ 

Mississippi 

New  Mexico  ...... 

Utah          

Total  Territories  

New  York 

8,571,529 

Asrsrreirate  --    -  

Ohio 

1,089,329,915 

The  aggregate  value  of  live  stock  in  the  States  and  Territories  in  1850  was  $545,180,516,  and  in 
1860  $1,089,329,915,  showing  an  increase  of  $545,149,399,  or  over  one  hundred  per  cent. 


IN  TIM)  DUCT  I  ON.  cxxvii 

The  following  table  shows  the  value  of  live  stock  in  the  New  England  States  in  I860,  as  compared 
with  18f>0; 

18fiO.  18JO. 

Connecticut $11,311,  079  $7,  467,  490 

Massachusetts 1 2,  737,  744  9,  047,  7 1 0 

Maine 15,  437,  533  9,  705,  72C 

New  Hampshire 10,  924,  C27  8,  871,  901 

Ithode  Island 2,  042,  044  1 ,  532,  037 

Vermont.  16,241,989  12,643,228 


Total 68,  695,  016  49,  869,  692 


In  round  numbers  the  value  of  live  stock  in  the  New  England  States  was  $50,000,000  in  1850, 
and  $08,000,000  in  1860,  or  an  increase  of  $18,000,000,  or  36  per  cent. 

Vermont  stands  first  in  the  value  of  live  stock,  but  not  first  in  increase  since  1850.  Maine, 
which  is  second  in  the  value  of  live  stock,  is  first  in  the  increase  since  1850,  having  increased  nearly 
$5,000,000,  while  Vermont  has  increased  less  than  $4,000,000.  Massachusetts  has  increased  about 
$3,000,000,  and  Connecticut  nearly  $4,000,000,  and  New  Hampshire  $2,000,000. 
I'  The  following  table  shows  the  value  of  live  stock  in  the  middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with 
1850: 

1860  18SO. 

New  York $103,  856,  296  $73,  570,  499 

New  Jersey 16,  134,  693  10,  679,  291 

Pennsylvania 69,  672,  726  41,  500,  053 

Maryland 14,  667,  853  7,  097,  634 

Delaware 3,  144,  706  1, 849, 281 

District  of  Columbia 109, 640  71,  043 


Total 207,585,914  135,698,401 


The  value  of  live  stock  in  the  middle  States  in  1850  was  $135,698,401,  and  in  1860  $207,585,914, 
an  increase  of  about  $72,000,000,  or  52  per  cent. 

Nearly  one-half  the  value  of  live   stock  in   the   middle   States  is  in  New  York,  being  nearly 
$104,000,000  in  1860,  against  $73,500,000  in  1850,  an  increase  of  about  40  per  cent. 

In  Pennsylvania  the  increase  is  still  greater,  or  nearly  70  per  cent. 

In  Maryland,  however,  the  value  of  live  stock  has  increased  more  rapidly  than  in  any  other  middle 
State,  or  nearly  100  per  cent. 

l"    The  following  table  shows  the  value  of  live  stock  in  the  western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with 
1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Illinois $72,  501,  225  $24,  209,  258 

Indiana 41,  855,  539  22,  478,  555 

Iowa 22,  476,  293  3,  689,  275 

Kentucky 61,868, 237  29,661,436 

Kansas 3, 332,  450                

Michigan 23,  714,  771  8,  008,  734 

Minnesota 3,  642,  841  92, 859 

Missouri 53,  693,  673  19,  887,  580 

Ohio 80,  384,  819  44,  121,  741 

Wisconsin 17,  807,  375  4,  897,  385 

Nebraska 1,  12S,  771 


Total 382,  405,  994  157,  046,  823 


cxxviii  INTRO  1)  U  C  T  T  0  N . 

In  the  western  States  in  1850  the  value  of  live  stock  was  $157,046,823,  and  in  1860  $382,405,994— 
an  increase  of  $225,359,171,  or  143  per  cent. 

We  have  not  space  to  allude  to  the  value  of  live  stock  in  the  different  States.  The  table  speaks 
for  itself,  and  is  worthy  of  careful  study.  Ohio  shows  the  greatest  value  of  live  stock  in  1860,  and 
also  in  1850.  Kentucky  stood  second  in  1850,  but  is  third  in  1860.  Illinois  being  about  $11,000000 
in  advance  of  her  at  the  last  census. 

Kansas,  which  was  unreported  in  1850,  had  to  the  value  of  $3,332,450  in  1860. 

The  following  table  shows  the  value  of  live  stock  in  the  southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared 
with  1850: 

I860.  1850. 

Alabama ' $43,  411,  711  $21,  690,  112 

Arkansas 22,  096,  977  6,  647,  969 

Florida 5,  553,  356  2, 880, 058 

Georgia 38,  372,  734  25,  728,  416 

Louisiana 24,  546,  940  11,  152,  275 

Mississippi 41,  891,  692  19,  403,  662 

North  Carolina 31,  130,  805  17,  717,  647 

South  Carolina 23,  934,  465  15,  060,  015 

Tennessee 50,  211,  425  29,  978,  016 

Texas -. 42,  825,  447  10,  412,  927 

Virginia 47,  803,  049  38,  656,  659 

Total.  381,778,601  194,327,756 


The  value  of  live  stock  in  the  southern  States  in  1850  was  $194,327,756,  and  in  1860  $381,778,601— 
an  increase  of  $187,450,845,  or  86  per  cent. 

The  following  table  shows  the  value  of  live  stock  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with 
1850: 

I860.  I860. 

California $35,  585,  017  $3,  351,  058 

Oregon 5, 946,  255  1, 876,  189 

New  Mexico 4,  999,  746  1,  494,  629 

Washington 1,  099,  911 

Utah..                                                                                                     1,516,707  546,968 


Total 49,  147,  636  7,  268,  844 


The  value  of  live  stock  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1850  was  $7,268,844,  and  in  1860  $49,147,636— 
an  increase  of  $41,878,792,  or  576  per  cent. 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  increase  in  the  value  of  live  stock  since  1850  is : 

New  England  States 36  per  cent. 

Middle  States 52       " 

Western  States 143 

Southern  States 86 

Pacific  States 576       " 

States  and  Territories 100       " 

RECAPITULATION. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  place  together  in  a  table  the  amount  of  some  of  the  leading  products,  in 
proportion  to  population,  in  1860  and  in  1850.  Such  a  table  will  show  at  a  glance  the  progress  we 
have  made  since  1850.  We  have  prepared  the  following  table  for  this  purpose: 


INTRODUCTION. 


CXX1X 


Table  showing  tJtc  amount  of  the  principal  agricultural  products  in  the  different  sections,  and  in  the  Stales  and  Territories,  in 

proportion  to  population,  in  18RO  as  compared  with  I860. 


SECTIONS. 

AMOUNT  OF   rnODUCTS 

TO   EACH    ISHAHITANT. 

Wheat. 

liniian  porn. 

Barley. 

Ryo. 

Oats. 

Buckwheat. 

Peas  and 

lic-aii*. 

Irish  pota- 
toc». 

Sweet  pota- 

toe*. 

Buttor. 

Choow. 

I860. 

1850. 

I860.    1850. 

18GO. 

law. 

18CO. 

1R50. 

1860. 

1850. 

I860. 

1850.     1860. 

1850. 

1860. 

1850. 

18GO. 

1850. 

I860. 

1850. 

I860. 

1850. 

Nrw  Eaglaml  State*   

Bush. 
0.34 
•)  75 

llutk. 

0.40 

Husk.   Bush. 
2.90      3.70 
9.04      911 

Busk. 
0.38 
0.54 
0.43 
0.03 
7.88 
6.40 

Bunk. 

o.i.-> 

0.™ 
0.11 
0.001 

o.o:> 

0.22 

;;//.•./;. 
0.42 
1.47 
0.4'J 
0.24 
0.10 
O.GC 

Hulk. 
O..r)7 
1.57 
0.1  '.1 
0.13 
1.001 
0.64 

nuih. 
3.« 
8.G5 
6.51 

2.18 
4.00 
5.49 

Bulk. 
8.95 

8.20 
7.55 
4.-lfi 
0.40 

c.:e 

Hutli. 
0..10 
1.40 
0.41 
0.05 
0.07 
0.5G 

Bulk. 
0.22 
0.96 
0.25 
0.03 
0.002 
0.38 

ltu>li. 
0.15 
0.21 
0.10 
1.2G 
0.54 
0.48 

IiUI/1. 

0.12 
0.12 
0.13 
0.97 
0.13 
0.35 

Illll/t. 

6.77 

5.28 
3.55 

6.72 
4.15 
3.57 

Dusk. 
7.19 
3.88 
2.6fi 
0.58 
0.80 
2.83 

/;«.-« 

Bulk. 

U, 

16.34 
21.50 
Ki.ljj, 
6.58 
8.71 
14.64 

I.b,. 
16.10 
16.08 
14.33 
6.12 
1.65 
13.51 

l.bt. 
6.84' 
6.  IS* 
2.97 

o.os*1 

3.10 
3.3(1 

Lb,. 
9.94 
7.94 
3.92 
0.13 
0.47 
4.11 

9.75 
3.49 
13.87 
5.44 

7.2:1 
2  47 
3.011 

4.:a 

45.!i7    44.14 
30.83    30.83 
2.5J  |    2.  18 

ac.ia.s6.04 

Southern  Ktatea  

State*  anil  Territories 

1.32 

1.6G 

This  table  is  worthy  of  careful  study.  It  will  be  seen  that  in  proportion  to  population,  taking  the 
States  and  Territories  together,  there  has  been  a  slight  increase  in  our  principal  crops  since  1850.  Of 
wheat,  Indian  corn,  barley,  rye,  oats,  buckwheat,  and  peas  and  beans,  we  raised  in  1850  38.28  bushels  to 
an  inhabitant,  and  in  I860  39.15  bushels.  This  shows  an  increase  in  the  total  amount  of  these  crops 
of  nearly  one  bushel  to  each  inhabitant  since  1850. 

When  it  is  remembered  that  our  horses,  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  &c.,  have  also  increased,  and  that 
these  animals  have  to  be  fed  to  a  certain  extent  on  the  products  named,  a  total  increase  of  one  bushel 
to  an  inhabitant  is  small  indeed.  With  a  country  of  great  extent,  abounding  with  the  accumulated 
fertility  of  centuries,  this  exhibit  of  the  products  of  our  agriculture  is  not  flattering. 

In  the  New  England  States  the  total  amount  of  the  crops  named  was  8.11  bushels  in  1850,  and 
T.0'2  bushels  in  1860,  showing  a  decrease  of  .18  of  a  bushel.  In  the  middle  States  they  amounted  to 
26.27  bushels  in  1850,  and  25.33  bushels  in  18GO,  showing  a  decrease  of  nearly  one  bushel.  In  the 
western  States  the  crops  named  amounted  in  1850  to  59.62  bushels  to  each  inhabitant,  and  in  1860  to 
62  96,  showing  an  increase  of  over  three  bushels  to  each  inhabitant.  In  the  southern  States  these 
crops  amounted  to  38.89  in  1850,  and  38.07  in  1860,  showing  a  decrease  of  nearly  one  bushel  to  each 
inhabitant.  In  the  Pacific  States  these  crops  amounted  in  the  aggregate  to  5.47  bushels  to  each 
inhabitant  in  1850,  and  to  29.01  in  1860,  showing  an  increase  of  twenty-three  and  ajialf  bushels  to 
each  person. 

There  is,  therefore,  a  decrease  in  all  the  sections  except  the  western  and  Pacific  States ;  but  the 
increase  in  these  more  than  makes  up  for  the  decrease  in  the  New  England,  middle,  and  southern  States. 

We  think  these  figures  will  show  the  necessity  of  an  improved  system  of  agriculture.  If  in  a 
period  of  profound  peace  and  general  prosperity  our  products  but  barely  kept  pace  with  the  increase  in 
population,  it  is  certain  that  the  same  system  of  cultivation  will  not  enable  us  to  do  so  in  a  period  of 
war.  It  is  probable,  however,  nay,  almost  certain,  that  the  high  prices  which  farmers  are  now  obtain 
ing  lor  their  products  will  lead  to  a  better  system  of  agriculture. 

CATTLE  AND  CATTLE  TRADE  OF  THE  WEST. 

It  was  not  long  after  the  first  settlement  of  the  interior  of  Ohio  before  the  earlier  pioneers  per 
ceived  the  absolute  necessity  for  a  market  for  the  product  of  the  soil.  They  had  cast  their  lot  in  the 
midst  of  an  extensive  new  country,  where  the  land  was  eminently  fertile;  and  the  question,  how  could 
the  product  of  that  soil  be  advantageously  disposed  of,  received  their  early  and  earnest  consideration, 
The  early  great  immigration  would  furnish  a  market  for  the  time  being,  but  the  rapidly  increasing  pror 
duction  would  soon  outstrip  this  consumption,  and  to  attempt  to  transport  the  surplus  grain  in  its 
primitive  bulky  state  was  out  of  the  question.  The  great  distance  from  market  would  require  it  to  be 
condensed  to  its  smallest  possible  compass.  The  article  of  wheat  might  be  made  into  Hour,  and  by  the 
means  of  tlatboats  or  barges  floated  out  of  the  tributaries  of  the  Ohio  river,  thence  down  that  stream 
and  the  Mississippi  to  New  Orleans.  This  was  the  only  practical  way  open,  and  that  only,  to  any  great 


cxxx  INTRODUCTION. 

extent,  for  the  one. product — flour;  and  notwithstanding  the  hazards  and  hardships  to  be  encountered 
in  that  trade  at  an  early  day,  the  extreme  scarcity  of  money,  combined  with  the  restless  and  daring 
character  of  the  young  men  of  that  period,  it  was  entered  into  with  a  will,  and  for  a  time  the  enter 
prise  was  generally  remunerative,  and  oftentimes  highly  so.  The  trials  and  hardships  of  a  flatboat 
voyage  to  New  Orleans  before  the  days  of  steamboats  are  but  little  appreciated  by  the  present  genera 
tion.  "  To  float  a  boat  down  to  New  Orleans  was  easy  enough,  provided  they  got  safely  out  of  the 
smaller  streams ;  but  the  return-trip  of  nearly  one  thousand  miles  by  land,  the  greater  part  of  the  way 
through  an  uninhabited  and  almost  unbroken  forest,  was  generally  made  on  foot,  and  if  the  freshets  in 
the  smaller  streams  did  not  occur  until  middle  or  late  spring,  these  trips  were  oftentimes  attended  with 
great  mortality.  Nevertheless,  the  trade  flourished,  and  rapidly  increased,  until  at  length,  some  years 
after  the  close  of  the  war  of  1812,  the  supply  so  far  outran  the  demand  that  the  business  became  very 
precarious,  oftentimes  resulting  in  a  loss  to  the  shipper  of  almost  the  entire  cargo.  The  consequence 
was  the  price  of  wheat  was  reduced  so  low  as  no  longer  to  be  regarded  as  the  staple  product  of  the 
western  farmer,  and  indeed  it  finally  ceased  for  a  time  to  be  a  cash  article ;  and  it  was  no  uncommon 
sight  to  see  stacks  of  wheat  rotting  down  in  the  field — twenty-five  cents  per  bushel  in  store-goods  or 
trade  being  the  highest  price  obtainable  by  the  farmer. 

The  large  bodies  of  rich  bottom-land  lying  on  the  borders  of  the  tributary  streams  of  the  Ohio 
were  not  adapted  to  wheat-culture,  and  on  the  Scioto  river  much  of  the  land  was  owned  by  immigrants 
from  the  south  branch  of  the  Potomac  river,  Virginia,  where  the  feeding  of  cattle  had  been  carried  on 
for  many  years  in  a  manner  peculiar  to  that  locality,  and  which  materially  differed  from  the  mode  prac 
ticed  in  Pennsylvania  or  further  north.  The  cattle  were  not  housed  nor  sheltered,  but  simply  fed  twice 
a  day  in  open  lots  of  eight  or  ten  or  more  acres  each,  with  unhusked  corn  with  the  fodder,  and  followed 
by  hogs  to  clean  up  the  neglected  grains  and  ears ;  which  practice  was  adopted  here,  and  is  still  the 
almost  universal  method  throughout  the  west,  having  undergone  but  little  or  no  material  change  in  fifty 
years.  It  may  be  worthy  of  remark  here,  that  the  method  of  securing  the  corn  after  maturity  by 
cutting  ofTthe  stalks  near  the  ground,  and  stacking  it  in  the  field  where  it  was  grown  in  stacks  of  from 
twelve  to  sixteen  hills  square,  also  originated  with  the  feeders  of  cattle  of  the  south  branch,  the  con 
venience  and  utility  of  which  mode  is  made  manifest  by  its  general  prevalence  at  the  present  day. 

Although  the  business  of  fattening  cattle  was  well  understood  by  many  of  the  earlier  pioneers, 
and  to  find  a  market  for  corn  was  an  anxious  thought,  yet  they  hesitated  to  engage  in  it.  By  many  it 
was  considered  that  the  great  distance  from  market  would  render  that  mode  of  disposing  of  their  sur 
plus  corn  impracticable;  the  long  drive  to  an  eastern  market  would  so  reduce  the  cattle  in  flesh  as  to 
render  them  unfit  for  beef;  but  some  thought  otherwise,  and  among  the  latter  was  George  Renick, 
lately  deceased,  an  enterprising  and  intelligent  merchant,  who,  owning  a  considerable  landed  estate, 
concluded,  himself,  to  try  the  experiment.  Accordingly  in  the  winter  of  1804-'05,  he  fed  a  lot  of 
cattle  and  sent  them  to  Baltimore  the  following  spring — (the  first  fat  cattle  that  ever  crossed  the  Alle- 
ghany  mountains;)  the  result  was  a  complete  success.  Thus  was  another  avenue  of  trade  practically 
opened,  which  for  half  a  century  contributed  largely  to  the  wealth  of  the  Scioto  valley;  and  from  this 
small  beginning  the  trade  increased  gradually,  but  not  rapidly,  until  some  years  after  the  close  of  the 
war,  when  the  failure  of  wheat  to  command  cash  gave  a  great  impetus  to  the  raising  and  feeding  of 
cattle  and  hogs;  for,  although  the  selling  price  of  such  stock  was  very  low,  they  were  the  only  remaining 
cash  articles  of  the  farmer,  and  the  cost  of  production  was  not  very  carefully  considered.  There  was 
no  alternative,  as  he  was  obliged  to  have  some  money  wherewith  to  procure  the  necessaries  of  life,  pay 
taxes,  &c.,  and  the  business  continued  to  increase  rapidly  until  about  the  year  1850,  notwithstanding 
the  opening  of  the  New  York  and  Ohio  canals  in  the  mean  time,  had  added  greatly  to  the  resources  of 
the  Ohio  farmer  by  giving  him  access  to  a  better  and  more  reliable  market,  enabling  him  to  sell  for 
cash,  not  only  his  wheat,  but  every  other  product  of  the  soil,  at  much  more  remunerating  prices  than 
formerly.  The  completion  of  the  great  through  railroads  added  still  further  to  the  farmer's  resources, 
enabling  him  to  diversify  his  pursuits,  and  assisted  in  bringing  the  corn-feeding  of  cattle,  so  far  as  Ohio 
was  concerned,  to  its  culminating  point.  From  his  personal  knowledge  of  the  business,  it  is  the  con- 


INTRODUCTION.  cxxxi 

viction  of  the  present  Mr.  Renick,  that  since  then  it  has  been  on  the  decline.  The  whole  number  of 
cattle  corn-fattened  in  Ohio  may  not  have  perceptibly  decreased,  but  the  home  consumption,  including 
the  extensive  barrelling,  has  greatly  increased  ;  but  the  excess  or  the  number  sent  to  an  eastern  market 
from  that  region  has  evidently,  during  the  last  decade,  fallen  off,  and  the  cattle  of  late  years  are  not  so 
heavy  nor  made  so  fat  as  formerly.  Mr.  Renick  gives  it  as  his  opinion  that  cattle  can  no  longer  be 
corn-fed  in  Ohio  for  the  great  length  of  time  and  in  the  profuse  manner  as  formerly,  with  profit ; 
indeed,  in  some  of  the  largest  feeding  districts  of  twenty  years  ago  the  business  has  entirely  ceased; 
and  he  very  much  questions  whether  the  business  can  be  profitably  carried  on  as  a  leading  one  with 
the  farmer  in  any  locality  possessing  other  ordinary  modern  resources,  when  the  population  of  that 
locality  exceeds  fifty  inhabitants  to  the  square  mile,  exclusive  of  populous  towns,  and  can  then  only  be 
done  profitably  in  a  limited  way.'as  a  secondary  or  attendant  on  other  pursuits  of  the  farmer,  and  then 
in  a  different  manner  from  that  now  generally  pursued.  The  construction  of  the  great  through  rail 
roads,  which  tended  to  diminish  the  feeding  of  cattle  in  Ohio,  contributed  largely  to  its  wonderful 
increase  in  Illinois  and  other  western  States,  affording  them  facilities  for  reaching  an  eastern  market 
of  which  they  had  hitherto  been  almost  deprived — the  distance  the  cattle  had  to  travel  ptoving  actually 
too  great,  as  the  pioneers  at  first  supposed  it  would,  from  Ohio;  and  though  the  railroads  also  facilitated 
the  transportation  of  fat  cattle  from  Ohio,  adding  but  little  to  the  cost,  and  saving  to  the  drover  near  or 
quite  one  hundred  pounds  of  flesh,  on  an  average,  to  each  animal,  yet,  by  affording  quicker  and  at  all 
times  a  more  certain  conveyance  for  other  things  as  well,  particularly  the  article  of  whiskey,  and  the 
manufacturers  of  that  article  being  able  to  pay  more  for  corn  than  the  cattle-feeders  could  possibly 
afford  to  do,  they  more  than  counterbalanced  the  advantages  derived  therefrom  to  stock-raising.  Hence, 
in  localities  favorably  situated  for  the  sale  of  corn,  the  business  of  feeding  it  to  cattle  has  become  a 
comparatively  unimportant  one. 

Before  the  era  of  railroads,  to  break  the  long  drive,  large  numbers  of  stock  or  store-cattle  were 
annually  driven  from  Illinois  and  the  west  into  Ohio  to  be  fed  there,  and  when  made  fat  were  sent  to 
an  eastern  market;  but  that  trade  has  now  become  almost  obsolete.  Formerly,  too,  the  driving  of 
stock-cattle  from  Ohio  to  Pennsylvania  and  the  east  was  conducted  on  an  extensive  scale,  and  indeed 
that  trade,  during  the  State's  gloomiest  pecuniary  period,  ranked  as  one  among  her  chief  resources, 
always  commanding  money  in  hand,  however  low  the  price  might  be ;  but  that  trade  has  also  ceased, 
except  to  a  comparatively  limited  extent  from  the  northern  part  of  the  State  into  that  of  New  York. 

To  avoid  misapprehension,  let  us  here  say,  that  our  remarks  thus  far  with  reference  to  beef-cattle 
in  Ohio  apply  only  to  those  made  fat.  or  mostly  so,  on  corn,  as  doubtless  the  number  of  grass-fattened, 
or  those  that  have  been  but  slightly  fed  on  corn,  has  somewhat  increased.  Indeed,  the  whole  business 
of  fattening  cattle  has  undergone  a  great  change  since  the  era  of  railroads.  Formerly  the  great  bulk 
of  the  corn-fed  cattle  of  the  west,  nine-tenths  of  which  were  from  Ohio  and  Kentucky,  chiefly  from 
Ohio,  sent  to  the  eastern  markets,  arrived  there  between  the  middle  of  April  and  1st  of  August,  and  the 
markets  of  New  York  in  particular  were  chiefly  supplied  from  those  sources  during  that  time,  and 
grass-fattened  cattle  were  sent  in  the  fall  from  Ohio  in  limited  numbers,  and  no  cattle  arrived  in  those 
markets  from  the  west  during  the  winter  or  first  month  of  spring;  but  now  they  are  sent  at  all  seasons 
of  the  year,  and  but  few  of  those  are  so  heavily  corn-fed  or  made  so  fat  as  formerly.  In  a  word,  there 
is  not  near  so  much  consumed  in  fattening  cattle  in  Ohio  now  as  there  was  twelve  or  fifteen  years  ago ; 
yet  there  are,  doubtless,  more  cattle  partially  fed  now  than  then,  but  grass  is  more  relied  upon  to 
prepare  the  cattle  for  market.  Nor  is  there  the  same  occasion  to  make  them  so  solidly  fat  as  formerly, 
for  the  conveyance  to  market  by  railroad  is  a  great  saving  of  flesh  over  the  former  method  of  driving. 

It  is  not  to  be  understood  that  cattle  are  better  or  longer  grazed  than  formerly,  for  the  contrary  is- 
the  fact ;  but  formerly,  when  the  business  of  feeding  cattle  on  the  Scioto  river  was  at  its  height,  say 
from  1840  to  1850,  to  make  an  A  No.  1  lot  of  fat  cattle,  the  best  grades  were  fed  some  ten  to  twenty 
bushels  of  corn  in  March  and  April  when  they  were  three  years  old,  and  other  cattle  at  the  age  of  four 
years ;  they  were  then  grazed  throughout  the  whole  summer  and  fall  in  the  best  manner,  then  fed  from 
four  to  five  and  a  half  months  all  the  corn  they  would  eat — say  full  half  bushel  per  day  each  before 


cxxxii  INTRODUCTION. 

starting  to  market ;  cattle  that  had  no  corn  the  previous  spring  were  well  grazed  and  fed  from  five  to 
six  months.  Now,  cattle  handled  as  the  former  would  begin  to  go  to  market  by  the  1st  of  July,  and 
all  or  nearly  all  would  be  in  market  before  the  1st  day  of  January.  Quite  a  common  way  of  prosecut 
ing  the  business  now  is  to  commence  feeding  the  cattle  in  January  or  February,  when  less  than  three 
years  old,  on  corn  in  limited  quantities,  substituting  more  fodder  or  other  rough  feed,  but  increasing 
the  quantity  of  corn  in  March  or  April,  often  to  full  feeding,  say  from  twenty-five  to  forty  bushels  in 
the  aggregate,  per  head,  and  these  cattle  will  commence  to  be  sent  to  market  by  the  1st  of  June,  and 
by  the  1st  of  October  by  far  the  greater  portion  will  have  gone ;  comparatively  few  of  them,  perhaps, 
having  been  detained  to  be  fed  on  corn  for  a  month  or  two  before  starting  them.  Of  course  the  quality 
of  the  beef  of  cattle  so  young,  and  handled  after  this  fashion,  can  bear  no  comparison  with  that  as  made 
by  the  former  method. 

The  first  introduction  into  the  west  of  English  cattle  was  made  by  Matthew  Patton,  (hence  the 
name  given  to  that  celebrated  stock,)  who  removed  from  Hardy  county,  Virginia,  to  Kentucky,  about 
the  year  1794,  and  brought  the  cattle  with  him.  Patton  had  obtained  the  ancestors  of  this  stock  of 
Mr.  Goff,  of  Maryland,  in  1783,  who  had  then  recently  imported  them  from  England.  John  Patton,  a 
son  of  Matthew,  removed  in  1800  from  Kentucky  to  Chillicothc,  Ohio,  bringing  a  part  of  the  same 
stock  with  him.  Between  that  time  and  1817,  occasionally  a  few  other  animals  were  introduced, 
mostly  of  the  same  breed,  but  including  some  of  an  importation  made  by  a  Mr.  Miller,  of  Maryland, 
between  1790  and  1795.  These  cattle,  both  Goff  and  Miller  importations,  were  of  very  large  size,  and 
the  cows  generally  good  milkers,  and  when  first  introduced  were  a  fine  quality  of  beef-cattle — bone  not 
large  for  the  size  of  the  animal — but  on  account  of  their  great  growth  were  longer  maturing  than  the 
common  stock  of  the  country  ;  but  in  the  course  of  time  their  defects  grew  upon  them.  They  became 
larger,  coarser,  and  longer  maturing,  and  of  course  harder  to  fatten.  This  change  was  attributed  to  the 
rich  feed,  which  was  probably  the  fact.  We  know  that  poor  feed  will  degenerate,  and  it  was  probably 
this  latter  fact  that  led  Count  Buffon,  the  great  European  naturalist,  to  assert  that  all  animals  when 
translated  from  Europe  to  America  would  degenerate.  The  finest  animal  of  the  cow  kind  I  have  ever 
seen  was  of  this  breed;  in  the  fall  of  1819  this  was  six  and  one-half  years  old,  and  was  estimated  to 
weigh  over  2,000  pounds,  net  beef.  His  head,  neck,  and  limbs  were  remarkably  neat,  his  brisket  very 
deep  and  broad,  and  he  girted  immediately  behind  the  shoulders  the  extraordinary  measure  often  feet 
ten  inches,  and  his  back  and  loin  I  certainly  never  have  seen  excelled,  if  equalled.  I  have  been  thus 
minute  in  this  description,  because  I  have  seen  several  treatises,  or  rather  communications  on  the  com 
parative  excellence  of  the  different  breeds  of  cattle  imported  into  this  country,  and  all  of  them 
disparaging  in  a  greater  or  less  degree  this  breed  of  cattle.  This  breed  proved  an  admirable  one  for 
crossing  with  the  common  stock  of  the  country  better,  perhaps,  than  any  following  importation.  In 

1817  Messrs.  Saunders,  Zugarden,  and ,  of  Kentucky,  imported  from  England  five  bulls — three 

short  horns,  and  two  long  horns — and  eight  or  nine  cows  of  the  two  breeds.  The  long  horns  being 
the  most  sightly  animals,  took  the  fancy  of  the  people  at  first,  and  some  of  those  having  good  stock  of 
former  importations  wellnigh  ruined  them  for  the  shambles  by  introducing  the  long  horns  among  them. 
Their  flesh  was  very  dark  and  tough,  without  any  admixture  of  fat,  as  a  butcher's  animal  should  have, 
and  withal  the  cows  were  poor  milkers.  The  short  horns  proved  a  valuable  acquisition  to  the  existing 
stock  of  the  country,  though  the  quality  of  their  beef  was  perhaps  no  better  than  the  Patton  or  Miller 
stock,  nor  were  the  cows  better  milkers,  but  their  early  maturity,  and  aptitude  to  fatten  were  qualities 
peculiarly  desirable  at  the  time,  had  they  been  properly  appreciated  and  improved  upon  by  the  breeders 
generally.  But  unfortunately,  in  Kentucky  in  particular,  the  long  horns  got  a  pretty  general  dissemina 
tion  before  they  were  entirely  discarded,  and  a  practice  of  somewhat  indiscriminate  breeding  followed, 
producing  about  as  undesirable  a  stock  for  the  shambles  as  could  well  be  imagined.  They  were  very 
large,  but  very  'unsaleable,  and  nick-named  by  the  butchers  of  the  eastern  cities,  "  red  horses."  There 
never  was  enough  of  the  short  horned  breed  clear  of  admixture  in  the  eastern  markets  for  their  sham 
ble  qualities  to  be  clearly  established  by  the  butchers  there,  though  in  the  west  it  was  known  to  be 
at  least  not  inferior  to  any  breed  then  existing. 


INTRODUCTION.  cxxxiii 

But  it  was  not  until  about  1832  to  1836  that  a  general  interest  for  the  improvement  of  the  stock 
of  cattle  began  to  be  manifested  by  the  farmers  and  cattle  men  at  large.  Hitherto  it  had  been  con 
fined  chiefly  to  a  few  individuals  in  different  localities  in  Kentucky,  Ohio,  and  other  western  States, 
though  more  general  in  the  former.  But  the  beautiful  display  at  the  county  lairs  (then  recently  revived) 
and  elsewhere  of  the  many  beautiful  animals  of  the  English  improved  Durhams,  imported  by  the  dif 
ferent  associations  into  Kentucky  and  Ohio  about  that  period,  combined  with  the  almost  fabulous  prices 
which  they  would  command,  contributed  in  no  small  degree  towards  creating  the  general  interest  on 
the  subject  that  followed,  and  which  resulted  within  a  few  years  thereafter  in  a  great  improvement  in 
the  quality  of  the  stock  throughout  the  whole  west,  greater,  perhaps,  than  would  have  otherwise  taken 
place  within  a  quarter  of  a  century.  Nor  were  the  people  misled  by  appearances  this  time;  for,  alter 
thirty  years'  trial,  this  breed,  when  well  cared  for,  still  maintains  its  English  reputation  of  posscssingi 
in  a  greater  degree  than  any  other  stock,  all  the  essential  qualities,  such  as  size,  neatness  of  form,  early 
maturity,  aptitude  to  fatten,  and  the  marbled  admixture  of  fat  with  the  lean  in  the  beef  requisite  to  make 
both  the  raising  and  feeding  more  profitable,  as  well  as  furnishing  to  the  consumer  a  superior  quality 
of  beef.  But  the  present  management  of  these  cattle,  and  their  crosses,  called  "  grades,"  is  nowise  cal 
culated  to  sustain  the  hitherto  high  character  of  their  beef  among  consumers.  Apparently  both  feeders 
and  drovers,  not  willing  to  be  behindhand  with  the  railroads,  nor  any  other  fast  thing  in  this  fast  age, 
make  haste  to  realize  and  hurry  off  their  half-fatted  stock  to  market  at  the  early  age  of  three  years, 
thereby  involving  an  absolute  waste  of  "  raw  material ;"  whereas,  if  those  same  cattle  were  kept  one 
year  longer,  and  made  ripe  for  the  shambles,  there  would  not  only  be  a  gain  of  full  one-third  in  weight, 
but  they  would  produce  a  quality  of  beef  not  excelled  in  any  country  or  clime. 

The  wonderful  increase  of  late  years  both  in  the  production  and  consumption  of  beef  cattle  in  the 
United  States,  the  one  obviously  keeping  pace  with  the  rapid  strides  of  the  other,  has  developed  in 
part  the  capabilities  of  the  vast  western  prairies,  providentially  provided  beforehand  to  meet  the  wants 
of  a  great  nation  increasing  in  population  and  advancing  in  wealth  and  power  with  a  rapidity  wholly 
unprecedented  in  history. 

The  original  or  common  cattle  of  the  west  were  introduced  into  the  country  from  various  quarters, 
the  earlier  immigrants  from  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  and  other  States  bringing  a  greater  or  less  number 
of  cows  with  them,  and  the  Indians  furnished  a  part.  Of  course  they  were  a  heterogeneous  collection; 
yet,  in  the  process  of  time,  in  each  considerable  district  of  country  of  similar  formation  and  resources; 
where  there  was  no  effort  made  at  improvement,  the  stock  assimilated  or  acquired  characteristic  quali 
ties  peculiar  to  itself,  and  so  dissimilar  from  other  sections  as  to  enable  the  experienced  cattle  dealer  to 
readily  determine,  by  the  general  appearance  of  the  stock,  the  region  of  country  in  which  the  cattle 
were  raised.  In  the  more  hilly  and  timbered  localities  the  cattle  were  smaller,  of  compact  build,  hardy, 
healthy,  and  easily  fatted;  whereas,  in  the  more  open  portions  of  the  country,  where  the  feed  was 
abundant,  the  stock  became  larger,  looser  made,  coarser,  more  subject  to  disease,  and  harder  to  fatten  ; 
but  the  general  effort  made  of  late  years  to  improve  the  stock  by  the  introduction  of  improved  breeds 
has  rendered  these  local  characteristics  less  distinguishable  than  formerly. 

The  manner  of  raising  or  breeding  of  cattle  has  undergone  considerable  change  of  late  years. 
Formerly,  when  the  price  of  land  was  very  low,  and  the  range  extensive,  it  was  the  general  custom  of 
farmers  and  cattle  men  to  keep  more  cows  than  were  actually  necessary  to  supply  the  wants  of  the 
family ;  indeed,  many  of  them  kept  large  herds  of  cows  for  the  sole  purpose  of  raising  cattle.  But  that 
business  has  now,  at  least  so  far  as  Ohio  and  Kentucky  are  concerned,  almost  entirely  ceased,  though 
it  is  still  carried  on  to  a  limited  extent  further  west  and  south,  more  particularly  in  Texas,  where,  before 
the  war,  many  individuals  could  count  their  herds  by  the  thousand.  Yet,  even  in  Ohio  and  Kentucky, 
the  number  of  cows  has  not  decreased,  but,  on  the  contrary,  doubtless  has  largely  increased,  more  es 
pecially  in  Ohio,  where,  in  addition  to  the  largely  increased  home  consumption,  the  extensive  cheese 
manufactories  and  large  export  of  butter  of  late  years  have  rendered  a  largely  increased  number  of  cows 
necessary.  The  calves  of  these  cows  are,  to  a  considerable  extent,  bought  up  by  dealers  in  the  fall 


cxxxiv  INTRODUCTION. 

who,  perhaps,  keep  them  a  year,  and  then  they  pass  into  other  hands,  who,  in  turn,  keep  them  another 
year,  when  the  stock  in  large  numbers  passes  into  the  hands  of  the  feeders.  This  cannot  be  said  to 
be  the  universal  custom,  but  its  practice  is  sufficiently  prevalent  to  be  designated  as  general.  A 
very  limited  proportion  of  this  stock  is  housed  or  sheltered  during  the  winter,  at  least  south  of  forty- 
one  degrees  of  north  latitude,  unless  it  be  the  calves  the  first  winter  to  some  extent ;  nor  is  it  the  custom 
to  house  any  cattle  even  while  preparing  for  market.  They  are  generally  fed  in  open  lots,  though 
positions  sheltered  from  wind  and  storms  by  timber  or  other  natural  obstructions  are  taken  advantage  of. 
In  communicating  his  experience  with  Texas  cattle,  Mr.  Renick  writes  as  follows : 
"  In  the  winter  of  1853-'54  I  had  purchased  for  use  about  1,200  head  of  cattle  in  the  northern 
part  of  Texas,  which  section  of  country  had  been  to  a  considerable  extent  settled  by  immigrants  from 
Illinois  and  Missouri,  and  who  had  brought  their  stock  with  them;  and  this  stock  had  not  yet  been  suffi 
ciently  intermixed  with  the  Spanish  or  Opelousas  cattle  further  south  to  materially  deteriorate  their 
original  qualities  ;  consequently  they  were  a  much  better  and  larger  stock  than  I  expected  to  see,  though 
they  had  in  some  measure  acquired  the  wild  nature  of  the  more  southern  stock.  These  cattle  were 
brought  to  Illinois  in  the  spring  and  summer  of  1854 — the  first,  I  believe,  that  ever  came  from  Texas, 
at  least  in  large  numbers.  This  enterprise  created  quite  an  excitement  in  the  northern  part  of  Texas, 
and  all  my  correspondents  there  manifested  a  strong  desire  to  have  this  new  trade  continued  and  ex 
tended,  freely  offering  their  best  efforts  to  encourage  it,  as  they  believed  it  would  result  advantageously 
to  all  concerned,  and  promising,  if  successful,  to  send  north  for  a  better  breed  of  cattle,  as  they  said, 
and  with  truth,  that  they  could  raise  cattle  and  deliver  them  in  Illinois,  with  satisfactory  profits  to 
themselves,  for  less,  by  one-half,  than  they  could  be  raised  in  that  State.  In  anticipation  of  this 
trade  being  continued  the  following  season,  quite  a  large  number  of  cattle  were  brought  up  from  points 
further  south,  and,  as  was  expected,  the  trade  opened  lively;  but  an  unforeseen  difficulty  exploded  the 
whole  business  within  the  next  two  years.  It  was  found  that  the  southern  or  Spanish  cattle  were 
subject  to  an  epidemic  or  contagious  disease  somewhat  resembling  the  yellow  fever  in  the  human  race, 
and  so  contagious  did  it  prove  that  all  along  the  track  those  cattle  were  driven  the  farmers  lost  large 
numbers  of  their  cattle  from  that  disease,  many  losing  almost  their  entire  stock  within  a  few  days.  So 
serious  was  the  loss  occasioned  by  each  drove  of  Texas  cattle  passing  through,  that  the  inhabitants  of 
southwestern  Missouri  held  conventions  in  divers  places,  and  resolved  that  no  more  Texas  cattle  should 
pass  through  the  country,  and,  by  order  of  these  conventions,  armed  bands  or  patrols  were  appointed, 
whose  duty  it  was  to  turn  back  all  Texas  droves  that  might  attempt  to  pass,  which  they  did  effectually. 
Thus  ended  what  at  one  time  seemed  a  promising  trade.  From  the  short  trial,  however,  it  became 
evident  that,  from  the  inferiority  of  the  Texas  stock  as  beef  cattle,  the  trade  would  not  have  resulted 
as  satisfactorily  as  was  anticipated  ;  the  cattle  were  very  light  weighers  for  their  size  of  frame,  with  but 
little  room  for  improvement,  and  so  wild  as  to  be  almost  unmanageable.  For  oxen  for  the  Santa  Fe 
trade,  or  long  drives  over  flinty  roads,  their  hardness  of  hoof,  their  agility  and  endurance  render  them 
unrivalled ;  and,  though  they  never  lose  entirely  their  wild  nature,  yet,  when  judiciously  trained,  they 
become  quite  tractable." 

THE   PORK   TEADE. 

The  first  general  violations  of  the  levitical  law  prohibiting  the  use  of  swine  flesh  must  have 
occurred  in  comparatively  modern  times,  inasmuch  as  that  article  has  only  recently  become  sufficiently 
well  esteemed  to  be  introduced  largely  into  commerce.  Since,  however,  it  has  been  discovered  to  be 
one  of  the  most  easily  produced,  and  about  the  most  easily  preserved  of  all  meats,  but  few  articles  of 
food  have  come  into  more  general  use  among  civilized  nations. 

The  raising  of  the  hog  has  proved  to  be  so  well  adapted  to  the  varied  systems  or  phases  of  agri 
culture  in  the  United  States,  that  in  nearly  all  parts  of  the  country  it  is  carried  on,  and  the  animal 
made  to  serve  as  a  popular  and  cheap  article  of  food.  The  preparation  of  the  meat,  however,  for  com 
merce  on  a  large  scale,  is  confined  mainly  to  those  districts  where  Indian  corn  is  most  profitably  raised, 
and  where  the  winters  admit  of  the  process  of  cure  with  least  expense  and  greatest  certainty.  This 
trade  can  only  flourish  where  the  extremes  of  heat  or  cold  do  not  prevail,  and  is  comprised  principally 


INTRODUCTION.  cxxxv 

within  the  region  of  country  between  the  35th  and  45th  degrees  of  latitude,  and  within  the  Mississippi 
valley.  Farmers  within  this  region  have  found  the  hog  to  be  the  best  animal  into  which  to  condense 
for  market  a  portion  of  the  products  of  their  farms  ;  the  quickest  to  come  to  maturity,  besides  requiring 
the  least  skill  and  labor  to  handle,  hence  best  adapted  particularly  to  the  use  of  the  pioneer,  and  is  that 
most  universally  relied  upon  for  domestic  consumption  and  profit. 

In  quest  of  articles  of  cheap  food,  Europeans,  gradually  at  first,  more  rapidly  of  late,  have  formed  an 
appreciation  of  provisions  of  American  cure.  With  increasing  demand,  necessarily  came  enlarged  compe 
tition,  both  amongst  producers  and  packers,  resulting  in  marked  improvements  in  breeds  of  hogs,  in  their 
preparation  for  market,  and  in  the  reduction  of  the  business  of  packing  to  a  nearly  perfect  system,  as 
well  as  to  fixed  scientific  principles.  Within  twenty  years,  especially  within  the  last  decade,  the  whole 
packing  trade  has  undergone  improvements  as  marked  as  has  been  its  growth.  The  relations  of  sup 
ply  and  demand,  though  very  irregular  in  a  country  so  large  and  of  such  wonderful  resources,  have  come 
to  be  more  nearly  comprehended  and  adjusted,  so  that  much  less  risk  is  now  incurred  by  the  packer 
than  in  former  years.  Scarcely  a  particle  of  the  animal  is  now  wasted  in  the  process  of  transformation 
into  articles  of  food  or  commercial  use,  and  the  collateral  trade  in  bristles,  lard-oil,  stearine,  grease, 
skins,  &c.,  has  grown  to  be  scarcely  less  important  than  the  original  one  in  food  was  twenty  years  ago. 

The  number  of  hogs  which  are  used  in  the  regular  commercial  packing  business  of  the  country 
can  only,  under  the  present  system  of  statistics,  be  approximated.  For  the  western  States,  through 
the  efforts  of  private  enterprise  inaugurated  in  Cincinnati,  it  has  become  a  matter  of  quite  close  calcu 
lation;  but  for  the  eastern  States  there  are  no  reliable  data  on  which  to  base  a  close  computation.  Of 
marketable  hogs,  such  as  would  average  200  pounds  net,  it  may  be  fair  to  estimate  that  the  number 
packed  in  the  entire  country  in  1859-'60,  and  entering  into  the  commerce  of  the  country,  was 
3,000,000  head,  at  an  aggregate  prime  cost  of  835,000,000.  The  cost  of  packing,  transportation,  &",., 
would  add  to  this  a  value  of  near  815,000,000,  making  a  total  of  about  850,000,000  capital  employed. 
So  many  circumstances  transpire  to  cause  a  variation  in  one  season  as  compared  with  another,  in  the 
prime  cost  of  the  hog  and  in  the  expense  of  packing,  that  fair  averages  are  difficult  to  arrive  at,  and 
those  who  engage  in  the  business  find  that  the  most  extensive  experience  furnishes  but  few  data  for 
reliable  precedents.  In  great  part  the  business  has  to  be  prosecuted  each  season  in  the  lights  of  intui 
tion  rather  than  of  positive  information  as  to  what  may  be  the  best  policy  to  pursue.  These  intuitions, 
however,  have  given  those  engaged  in  the  trade  as  much  stability  of  position,  perhaps,  as  merchants 
engaged  in  any  other  line  of  commerce,  and  causes  the  very  large  capital  invested  in  the  business  to 
fluctuate  now  comparatively  little. 

The  greatly  increased  use  of  lard  for  manufacturing  oil,  has  made  for  it  a  relatively  higher  price 
than  for  other  parts  of  the  hog,  in  which  the  discovery  of  petroleum  and  its  rapid  adoption  as  a  luminating 
and  lubricating  material  seems  to  have  produced  no  essential  change.  This  fact  can  only  be  accounted 
for  by  the  well-sustained  demand  for  candles  made  from  stearine,  enabling  manufacturers  to  keep  lard- 
oil  in  constant  competition  with  all  similar  articles,  and  to  find  their  profit  in  the  stearine.  The  future 
of  the  trade  promises  a  growth  rapid  as  the  past.  An  increasing  manufacturing  population  and  con 
stant  large  augmentation  of  laboring  force  from  foreign  emigration,  the  yearly  increasing  acceptability 
of  American  packed  provisions  as  articles  of  cheap  food  in  foreign  countries,  all  unite  in  assuring  a 
consumption  that  will  grow  in  equal  pace  with  the  production,  and  maintain  for  the  pork  trade  its 
prominent  position  among  the  great  commercial  interests  of  the  country. 

THE  GEAIN  TRADE  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

The  grain  trade  of  the  United  States,  viewed  in  all  its  features,  is  one  of  the  chief  marvels  of 
modern  commercial  history.  To  trace  its  rise  and  progress  would  be  almost  to  complete  a  record  of 
the  development  of  this  entire  continent,  for  it  has  been  the  leading  agency  in  the  opening  up  of  seven- 
eighths  of  our  settled  territory.  First,  in  the  march  of  civilization,  came  the  pioneer  husbandman,  and 
following  close  on  his  footsteps  was  the  merchant;  and  after  him  were  created  in  rapid  succession  our 
ocean  and  lake  fleets,  our  canals,  our  wonderful  network  of  railroads,  and,  in  fact,  our  whole  commercial 
system. 


cxxxvi  INTRODUCTION. 

The  grain  merchant  has  been  in  all  countries,  but  more  particularly  in  this,  the  pioneer  of  com 
merce,  whether  we  refer  to  the  ocean  or  the  inland  trade,  and  not  till  he  was  established  could  other 
commercial  adventurers  find  a  foothold.  The  commercial  history  of  the  United  States  is  based  mainly 
on  breadstuffs — staples  always  marketable  at  some  quotation  wherever  the  human  family  dwells. 

The  exportation  of  American  products  to  foreign  countries  continues  to  form  one  of  the  chief 
characteristics  of  our  national  commerce.  The  development  of  our  agricultural  resources,  and  the 
increasing  demands  of  Europe,  particularly  England,  for  foreign  breadstuffs,  seem  to  have  continued  at 
pretty  regular  pace.  As  the  production  of  the  United  States  increased,  new  and  more  extensive 
markets  were  thrown  open — illustrating  a  grand  design  of  Providence  in  thus  developing  a  New  World 
to  feed  the  rapidly  increasing  populations  of  the  Old,  and  supply  homes  for  their  redundant  numbers. 
For  upwards  of  a  quarter  of  a  century  the  extension  of  the  manufacturing  interests  of  Great  Britain 
has  been  gradually  but  surely  rendering  that  country  more  and  more  dependent  upon  other  nations  for 
the  breadstuffs  with  which  to  feed  her  people  ;  and  from  a  grain-exporting  country,  as  she  was  only  half 
a  century  since,  she  now  finds  herself  in  a  position  in  which  she  has  to  import  annually  from  nine  to  fif 
teen  millions  of  quarters  of  grain.  Had  that  country  twenty-five  years  ago  been  as  dependent  as  she 
is  now  upon  other  nations,  with  the  grain  resources  of  that  period,  there  would  have  been  much  suffer 
ing  among  the  poorer  classes  everywhere  ;  while  on  the  other  hand,  without  this  European  demand  for 
the  grain  produced  in  the  United  States,  the  same  inducements  for  opening  up  the  fertile  lands  of  the 
western  States  would  not  have  existed.  Capitalists  would  not  have  been  encouraged  to  construct  our 
immense  canals,  and  lines  of  railroads,  nor  to  have  built  our  fleets  of  grain-carrying  vessels  to  traverse 
the  lakes  and  seas.  The  steady  and  increasing  demand  for  American  breadstuffs  in  Europe,  however, 
greatly  stimulated  the  production — made  the  unbroken  and  wild,  yet  fertile  wilderness  and  prairie 
attractive  to  the  agriculturists  of  all  countries,  and  created  a  commerce  for  which  history  has  few  paral 
lels.  At  the  same  time  it  has  enriched  our  country  beyond  all  calculation,  enabled  us  to  pay  our 
European  debts,  given  us  an  enterprising  population,  drawn  from  the  industrious  classes  of  every 
nationality,  state,  or  kingdom  in  the  Old  World,  and  has  endowed  millions  of  human  beings  with  wealth 
and  the  rights  and  privileges  of  free  institutions. 

Commencing  at  an  early  period  with  the  scant  products  of  the  Atlantic  States,  the  grain  trade  was 
gradually  pushed  up  the  Hudson  river  as  far  as  navigation  would  permit ;  and  where  that  ceased,  the 
Erie  canal  commenced  and  carried  it  to  the  great  lakes.  It  was  on  the  completion  of  this  great 
achievement  that  the  real  history  of  the  grain  trade  of  the  United  States  began.  Then  it  was  that  our 
"inland  seas"  became  the  highway  of  a  commerce  which  has  already  attained  a  magnitude  surpassing 
that  of  many  of  the  oldest  European  nations.  Then  it  was  that  the  vast  territory  west  of  the  lakes, 
hitherto  the  home  of  the  "red  man,"  and  range  for  the  buffalo,  became  the  attractive  field  for  the 
enterprising  pioneers  of  industry  and  civilization,  who  laid  the  foundations  of  what  are  now  seven  large 
and  flourishing  States  of  the  Union,  peopled  by  a  population  vigorous  and  hardy,  and  well  calculated  to 
succeed  either  in  the  arts  of  peace  or  war. 

At  the  same  time,  the  grain  trade  was  steadily  progressing  up  the  Mississippi  river  into  the  heart 
of  the  west,  and  on  whose  banks  were  built  large  and  flourishing  cities,  the  great  depots  for  nearly  a 
quarter  of  a  century  for  the  products  of  the  rich  valley  of  that  river. 

The  grain  trade  has  progressed,  year  after  year,  from  small  beginnings,  till  now  it  has  become  one 
of  the  leading  interests  of  the  country,  and  among  the  most  important  in  its  influence  on  the  world,  as 
on  it  depends  much  of  the  peace,  happiness,  and  prosperity,  not  only  of  the  people  of  the  United 
States,  but  also  of  many  of  the  kingdoms  of  Europe. 

THE  EXPORT  GRAIN  TRADE. 

To  demonstrate  the  magnitude  of  this  trade,  the  following  tables  are  appended,  showing  the  total 
exports  of  grain  and  flour  from  the  United  States  to  foreign  countries  during  the  years  1862  and  1863 : 


INTRODUCTION 


CXXXVll 


TAIILE  A. 
Esjiorfs  of  grain  and  flour  from  the  United  States  to  foreign  countries  for  the  year  ending  June  30,  1802. 


WHITHER  EXPORTED. 

INDIAN  COIIN. 

IX11IAN  MEAL. 

ICV  K  MEAL. 

WHEAT. 

WHEAT  FLOUH. 

IIVE.  OATS. 

tc. 

BaHhelB. 

Dollars. 

Hum;  In. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Buitull. 

Dollara. 

Barrcli. 

Dollar*. 

Dollarv. 

300 
1,  224 
504 
3,912 
39,689 
4,614 
24,150 

2,325 
5,  842 
2,430 
21,986 
228,544 
23,909 
132,  816 

300 
105 
9,430 

era 

11,559 
144,356 
174,  955 
7,500 
368,901 
6,  596 
79 
497 
604,845 
173,  380 
40,  378 
4,395 

A                                 '    Norlh  America 

i 

2,548 

2,191 

Txo  w» 

y 

3,218 

4,211 
33,  106 
10,662 

2,246 
3,164 
2.1,  450 
8,247 

1,190 
22,393 
4 

3,604 
72,116 

20 

234 
1,032 

770 
4,202 

d 

30.-, 
42,  651 
3,061 
61,119 

349 

43,  177 
4,362 
78,481 

Ilremcn  * 

1,279 

5,100 

Hollaud                                

22  D70 

11,937 
9,  5!ll 
4,393 

10 
3,047 
310 

40 
9,640 
1,050 

511 
1,284 

212 
5,  146 

24,  457 
20,543 
7,908 
5,702 
68,303 
1,  966,  151 
175,  383 
97,  912 
29,341 
120 
118,643 
605,856 
284,956 
19,  748 
Co,  699 
120 
27,441 
27,  175 
3,  198 
512,838 
13,072 
15,347 
28,376 
659 
625 

7.",! 
5,  144 
12,  226 
9,817 
99 
1,671) 
1,  220 
441 

129,  784 
122,  002 
51,206 
36,  512 
360,079 
11,  033,  152 
987,  159 
531,817 
162,  668 
719 
536,756 
3,  199,  208 
1,601,185 
118,389 
351,341 
703 
163,388 
135,  657 
21,297 
2,  826,  150 
77,291 
82,659 
173,  955 
4,543 
3,  970 
153 
4,282 
24,769 
73,  140. 
56,638 
554 
11,  522 
6,355 
2,732 

12,  910 
6,758 

i        v 

>  t  i  r   ti  d' 

Be!  ium 

62,  98B 
8,290,  142 
258,  861 
5,  924,  793 

X,  360 
4,  777,  926 
161,823 
3,  643,  753 

2:11 
126 

968 
53U 

1,  036,  735 
16,  868,  248 
1  045  283 

1,307,172 
19,  203,  403 
1,  274,  037 
6,  082,  349 
8,260 

1,281 
206 
187 

3,972 
630 

5r>8 

1 

4 

4,  991,  974 
6,029 

3,  218,  438 
113,077 
176,  123 

1,  010,  243 
65,358 
128,020 

3,964 
75,198 
106,706 
18 
10,  607 
5 
20 
190 

10,974 
226,  305 
326,074 
54 
31,  989 
1G 
70 
703 

240 
7,  637 
660 

960 
27,877 
2,449 

4,  538,  472 
13,  748 
15,823 

3,801,515 
16,582 

22,209 

56,405 
96.804 
64,613 
1,541 
11,394 

Other  British  N.  American  PoBBessious.  . 
British  Went  Indies  

36,003 

26,011 

11    t   h  Po«              in  Africa 

1,010 
444,  048 

924 
457,  666 

3,256 
|  8,  900 
5,  195 
22,  101 
9,897 
362 
11,023 
6,788 

20 

75 

25 
268,476 
9,260 
226 
24,168 

33 
146,  882 
6,700 
UiO 
16,301 

Franc*  on  the  Atlantic 

3 

10 

7,  655,  367       9,  546,  870 
158,  198  ;        21)9,  081 

1 

French  North  American  PoHnessions  

48 
1,302 

155 
4,082 

5 

20 

1,  100 

1,705 

F     n  •!!  Pwsesniuns  iu  Africa 

1     A  1 

11,  132 
1,600 

4,787 
1,294 

c'mar    liluudd 

960 
833 
5,134 

l,  0:17 

700 
6,445 

405 

104,228 
5,645 
1,482 

1'hili  >y>iue  Inland,) 

199,061 
1,707 

134,  205 
1,286 

6,346 
19,166 

20,398 
61,183 

891 

3,363 

327,  070 

426,419 

15 
190 

52 

760 

100 

6 
72 

170 

di  'a 

115 

Tu  can 

1,750 
236 
12,150 
80,  474 
9,  !I01 
46,885 
5,  179 
14,081 
48,812 
373,  302 
6,546 
34,160 
450 
50 
2,811 
1,097 
206 
17,312 
100 

8,075 
1,317 
75,  951 
483.  455 
60,975 
282,640 
30,096 
93,799 
302,  769 
2,  473,  151 
42,910 
213,  674 
2,913 
451 
19,999 
6,832 
1,574 
123,  709 
800 

T     k    ^n  Asia 

5,200 
400 
3-10 
18,364 
300 
240 
156,685 
33,336 

3,674 
280 
2116 
14,017 
251 
174 
124,006 
19,  497 

41 

205 
39 
1 

171 
650 
134 
4 

4,726 
3,  223 
1,441 
25,361 
3.  Mfi 
6,  cm; 
44,  770 
5,218 
2,  9!I4 
26,530 
14,  -.148 
25,9:  16 
4,  0:!(i 
771 

Hayti 

70 

275 

82 

170 

101 
407 
70 
10 

373 
1,297 
241 
30 

o 
21,  124 

o 
30,504 

690 
13 

2,485 
52 

Chili 

Peru  

13,709 

2,617 
27 

13,998 
3,883 

290 

989 

32  295 

29,777 

5,  7ftJ 

Totftl 

10,5)04,898 

10,  387,  383 

253,570 

778  344 

14,463 

54,488 

37,  289,  572     42,  573,  »5 

4,882,033 

27,  534,  677 

2,364,625 

IS 


CXXXV111 


INTRODUCTION. 


TABLE  B. 
Exports  of  grain  and  flour  from  the  United  States  to  foreign  covntricsfor  tJie  year  ending  June  'M,  nu>3. 


WHITHER  EXPORTED. 

INDIAN  COKN. 

INDIAN  MEAL. 

RYE  MEAL. 

WHEAT. 

WHEAT  FLOUIl. 

KYK,  OATS, 
iC. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Dollars. 

Rnasiau  Possessions  in  N.  America  .. 

3,347 

3,317 

4,339 
350 
445 
45,995 
44 
4,468 
34,284 
17,  065 
7,525 
5,004 
12,828 
1,591,778 
133,  330 
69,388 
34,  597 
800 
232,  160 
732,  384 
309,  359 
19,  614 
72,  014 
44,569 
15,386 
6,090 
15,880 
5,538 
10,  323 
38,  334 
950 
1,496 

21,  792 
2,380 
2,405 
315,  868 
370 
29,135 
207,  271 
120,  372 
53,219 
39,  692 
88,  936 
9,  829,  582 
789,  235 
456,  091 
224,  424 
5,600 
1,  103,  171 
4,  420,  748 
2,  072,  197 
144,  818 
460,  184 
325,  994 
84,  714 
49,766 
110,225 
19  6°7 

2,809 
18,609 
150 
7,  377 
65,584 
173,  449 
84,551 
4,  074 
7:13 
70 
130,465 
198,  530 
14,  451 
41,964 
22 

3,200 
272 
5,372 
25,  173 
20,556 

2,440 
190 
5,159 
27,241 
18,609 

175 
25,320 

8 

635 
109,621 
40 

Danish  West  Indies  

843 
332 
105 
235 
1,755 

3,  547 
1,338 
385 
1,303 
7,504 

6,993 
31,4f« 
110,  348 

8,811 
40,  431 
161,186 

Holland    

25 
4,537 
75 

78 
17,  984 
253 

Dutch  West  IndieB  

30,063 
9,120 

30,  777 
6,646 

Dutch  Guiana  

Dutch  East  Indies  

2,588 
5,  068,  987 
333,682 
5,  381,  038 

1,307 
3,  846,  404 
238,154 
3,  882,  801 

22 
1,762 

97 
7,140 

622,  986 
20,  509,  071 
1,  473,  784 
5,  342,  884 

906,164 
27,  654,  801 
1,  897,  701 
7,  200,  305 

45 

189 

Ireland  

568 

2,012 

Gi  bral  tar  

Malta  

Canada  

4,  211,  897 
171,  984 
180,  480 
3,185 
31,741 
1,000 
721 

1,  622,  825 
131,  552 
161,  375 
3,681 
29,  3X3 
900 
702 

9,474 
74,  478 
103,  590 
746 
8,196 
204 
365 
8 

25,  521 
286,238 
408,048 
3,230 
31,983 
943 
1,615 
37 

6,  512,  801 
70,  894 
8,441 

6,  717,  093 
110,333 
13,  521 

119,780 
143,  370 
95,  856 
1,340 
9,898 
55 
134,555 
673 
4,577 

Other  British  N.  American  Poss'ns.  .. 
British  West  IndieB  

4,320 

229 

18,630 

967 

British  Honduras  

British  Guiana  

British  Possessions  in  Africa  
British  Australia  

5,483 
147,  323 

11,779 

181,  281 

llritish  East  Indies  

25 

85 

France  on  the  Atlantic  

73 

73 

365,  636 
38,043 

541,693 
55,463 

France  on  the  Mediterranean  

French  North  American  Possessions  .  . 
French  West  Indies  

177 
22,662 

147 
19,686 

65 
1,910 

251 
8,072 

60,556 
273,  400 
7,067 
12,  480 

375 
6,  904 
270 

48 

228 

2,186 

3,  (157 

French  Guiana  

French  Possessions  in  Africa  

75 

360 

Spain  on  the  Mediterranean  

35 
117 
120 

96,  era 

10,  935 

4,153 
57 

Canary  Islands  

1,907 
4,  190 
17,  032 
15,  470 
50,  115 
5,835 
867 
175 

11,640 
21,  607 
127,  989 
108,  976 
347,  173 
41,405 
6,506 
1,135 

Philippine  Islands  

2  523 

2,498 
7,  878 
2,119 
842,  151 
29,937 

Cuba  

170,  122 
1,  140 
31,902 
525 

141,440 
1,172 
26,348 
389 

3,769 
18,393 

14,270 
79,333 

4,507 
300 
563,125 
19,  958 

Porto  Rico  

205 

1,015 

•Portugal  

Madeira  -.  

Cape  de  Verde  Islands  

1 

5 

Azores  

.Sardinia  

3,708 

Tuscany  

1,300 
6,739 
315 
27,133 
122,  045 
14,067 
99,856 
4,406 
17,  816 
5.1,  131 
408,820 

8,425 
43,  201 
2,683 
204,  759 
920,  854 
99,  879 
774,  330 
27,  912 
139,  199 
383,  650 
3,  295,  673 

Two  Sicilies  

250 

Turkey  in  Asia  

Other  Ports  in  Africa  

240 
1,236 
725 
268,653 
109 
58 
133,  140 
7,655 

330 
1,129 
616 
263,  849 
98 
63 
120,960 
6,248 

85 
97 
268 
2,477 
6 
180 
618 
94 

369 
470 
1,190 
8,562 
26 
745 
2,321 
361 

6,315 

12,  361 

1,  283 
3,  4  10 
3,641 
350,  619 
547 
8,  494 
6,155 
18,223 
22,502 
20,070 
260 
285 
4,210 
746 

Hayti  

15 
10 

73 
52 

San  Domingo  

Mexico  

2,500 

2,792 

Central  Republic  

New  Granada  

o 
500 
15 

6 
2,655 
90 

Venezuela  

43,  344 

69,536 

Brazil  

Cinplatine  Republic  

Argentine  Republic  

6 

28 

7,457 
2,577 
600 
2,793 
5,287 
1,222 
52,  393 
170 

53,171 
19,  450 
4,400 
13,  390 
29,  621 
7,  307 
335,  856 
1,500 

Chili  

3,028 
31,110 
690 
2,594 

5,358 
35,468 
702 
2,724 

Peru  

Sandwich  Islands  . 

1 

5 

Other  Islands  in  the  Pacific  .  . 

Japan  

China  

350 

1,429 

228,  714 

233,  035 

16,557 

Whale  Fisheries  

Total  

16,  119,  476 

10,  592,  704 

257,  948 

1,013,272 

8,684 

38,067 

36,  160,  414 

46,  754,  195 

4,  390,  055 

28,  360,  069 

1,  832,  757 

INTRODUCTION. 


CXXX1X 


Reducing  the  flour  and  meal  to  bushels,  the  total  exports  of  grain  during  the  past  two  years,  as 
given  in  detail  in  the  foregoing  tables,  compare  as  follows: 

Years.  Bushels.  Value. 

1862 76,  309,  425  $83,  692,  812 

1803 77,  396,  082  88,  597,  064 

Of  this  amount  there  were  shipped  to  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  alone,  for  the  year  ending  June 
30,  1862,  34,102,735  bushels,  and  in  1863  47,082,026  bushels.  The  total  value  of  the  grain  exported 
to  Great  Britain  in  1862  was  847,916,266,  and  in  1863  856,059,360.  When  it  is  taken  into  consid 
eration  that  in  1825  the  total  value  of  the  grain  and  Hour  exported  from  the  United  States  to  all 
foreign  countries  amounted  to  only  85,274,241,  some  idea  may  be  formed  of  the  rapid  growth  and 
development  of  this  trade. 

The  progress  of  the  early  export  grain  trade  of  the  country  is  demonstrated  by  the  following 
table,  showing  the  exports  of  grain  and  Hour  from  the  United  States  to  foreign  countries  each  year 
from  1790  to  1817  : 

TAHLE  C. 

Exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  tlie  United  Stales  to  foreign  countries  from  1790  to  1817. 
[Compiled  from  United  States  documents.] 


Year  eliding  — 

Wheat. 

Wheut  flour. 

Indian  com. 

Indian  corn 

uieul. 

Bye. 

Itye  flour. 

Outs. 

Barley. 

Buckwheat 
meal. 

Sept    30  1790 

Bushels. 
1   I'M  458 

Uarrels. 
724  623 

Bushels. 
2   102  137 

Barrels. 

Bushels. 
21,765 

Barrels. 

Bushels. 

98,  842 

Bushels. 

» 
Barrelt. 

1791 

1,018,339 

619,  681 

1,713,241 

70,  339 

36,737 

24,062 

116,634 

35 

422 

1792 

853  790 

824  464 

1  964  973 

52  681 

12.727 

14,  126 

119,733 

265 

1793 

1,450,575 

1,074,639 

1,233,768 

37,  943 

1,305 

12,  695 

78,524 

30 

146 

1794  

696,797 

828,  405 

1,472,700 

48,  834 

696 

4,034 

55,  003 

26 

361 

1795 

141  273 

687  369 

1   935  345 

102,529 

703 

4.882 

64,  335 

17%  

31,226 

725,191 

1,173,552 

Bushels. 
540,  286 

4,319 

Bushels. 
152,784 

59,  797 

345 

Bushels. 
1,076 

1797 

15,655 

515,633 

804,  9*i 

254,799 

1,331 

36,570 

38,221 

479 

286 

1798  . 

15,  021 

567,  558 

1,218,231 

211,694 

2,  721 

48,444 

46,  475 

4,066 

84- 

1799 

10,056 

519,  625 

1,200,492 

231,226 

1,595 

49,269 

57,359 

522 

754 

1800 

26,853 

653,  052 

1,694,327 

338,108 

8,227 

79,  677 

57,  306 

432 

93 

1801 

239,  929 

J,  102,  444 

1,768,162 

919,  355 

31,  110 

392,276 

100,544 

8,796 

1,907 

1802  

280,  281 

1,  156,248 

1,633,283 

266,816 

2,492 

33,292 

70,778 

485 

3,260 

1803  

686,  415 

1  ,  31  1  ,  853 

2,  097,  608 

Barrels. 
133,606 

50,  753 

Barrels. 

28,  273 

84,497 

2,745 

Barrels. 
74 

1804  

127,024 

810,  008 

1,944,873 

111,327 

11,515 

21,779 

73,  726 

5,318 

2 

1805 

18,041 

775,  513 

861  ,  501 

116,  131 

1,474 

23,  455 

55,  400 

7,185 

90 

1806 

87  784 

782,  724 

1,064,263 

108,  342 

614 

18,090 

69,  993 

156 

25 

1H07  

1,  173,  114 

1,249,819 

612,421 

136,  460 

6,650 

29,067 

65,277 

4,893 

66 

1808 

87  330 

263  813 

249  532 

30  818 

530 

6  167 

23,  698 

173 

1809  

393,899 

840,  247 

522,  074 

57,260 

1,185 

1,306 

20,  361 

200 

60 

1810  

1,752 

798,  431 

352,  924 

86,  744 

1,054,252 

5,078 

448 

6,  942 

73 

1811  ... 

216,  833 

1  ,  445,  018 

2,  790,  850 

147,423 

14,818 

29,  375 

211,894 

29,716 

150 

1812 

53  832 

1  44">  49'' 

2  Oo't  999 

90  810 

82,  705 

69,  839 

48,  469 

49,707 

Oa>3    '-.')£. 

1   *>no  OJ'l 

1  486  970 

58  521 

140  136 

65  680 

14,105 

1814 

193  274 

61  284 

26,438 

2,716 

6,046 

2,300 

1815  

17,  KM 

62,  739 

130,516 

72,  364 

831 

6,  016 

29,899 

2,  237 

180 

1810  

52,  :121 

729,  053 

1,077,614 

89,  119 

3,  464 

8,  373 

45,  889 

6,858 

20 

1817 

96  407 

1  479  198 

387  454 

106  763 

1  ,  702 

78,  067 

72,  854 

4,093 

From  1790  to  1817,  the  period  embraced  in  the  foregoing  table,  the  grain  exported  from  the 
United  States  was  chiefly  the  product  of  the  Atlantic  States.  Vermont  exported  flour  and  grain  of 
all  kinds.  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Maryland,  Virginia,  North  Carolina, 


cxl 


INTRODUCTION. 


South  Carolina,  and  Georgia,  exported  flour,  wheat,  and  Indian  corn — the  southern  States  chiefly  the 
latter.  In  feet,  during  that  period  the  chief  commerce  of  the  Atlantic  States  consisted  in  the  exporta 
tion  of  grain  to  Spain,  Portugal,  and  the  West  India  islands;  for  in  those  days  Great  Britain  exported 
more  than  she  imported,  as  may  be  inferred  from  the  fact  that  in  1804  the  value  of  the  grain  exports 
to  Great  Britain  amounted  to  only  $59,120 — the  nucleus  of  a  trade  that  in  1863  amounted  to  upwards 
of  fifty-six  millions  of  dollars. 

Before  the  Revolution  the  grain  trade  of  the  colonists  constituted  their  chief  commerce.  A  con 
siderable  quantity  of  grain  was  exported  to  the  West  Indies,  but  the  principal  markets  were  Spain 
and  Portugal.  The  exports  of  wheat,  flour,  &c.,  from  Pennsylvania  for  the  years  1729,  1730,  and 
1731,  were  as  follows: 


Years. 

Wheat,  bushels. 

Flour,  barrels. 

Bread,  casks. 

Value  of  breadstuff's  and 
flax-seed  exported. 

17^9  

74  800 

35  438 

9  730 

fft)  A71 

3730 

38  643 

38  570 

9  62' 

57  r)00 

1731  

53  320 

56  639 

12  436 

G8  582 

In  1739  South  Carolina  exported  20,165  bushels  of  Indian  corn  and  peas.  In  1742  the  price  of 
wheat  in  New  York  was  3s.  Qd.  per  bushel. 

The  following  table  shows  the  amount  and  value  of  the  flour  and  grain  exported  from  the  United 
States  to  foreign  countries  from  1849  to  1863 : 


TABLE  D. 

Amount  and,  value  of  grain  andjlour  exported  from  the  United  States  to  foreign  countries,  from  1849  to  1863. 

(Compiled  from  official  documents  of  the  United  States.) 


YEAR  ENDING— 

WHEAT. 

WHEAT  FLOUR. 

INDIAN  CORN. 

COHN  MEAL. 

KYE  MEAL. 

KYK,  OATS,  it. 
SMALL  OUAIN. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Dollars. 

June  30  1849 

1,  537,  534 
608,661 
1,036,735 
2,  694,  540 
3,890,141 
8,  036,  665 
798,  884 
8,  154,  877 
14,570,331 
8,  926,  196 
3,  003,  016 
4,  155,  153 
31,  238,  057 
37,  289,  572 
36,160,414 

1,  756,  848 
643,  745 
1,035,732 
3,  555,  209 
4,  354,  403 
13,430,173 
1,  329,  346 
15,  115,  661 
22,  240,  857 
9,  061,  504 
2,  849,  192 
4,  076,  704 
38,  313,  62) 
42,  573,  295 
46,  754,  195 

2,  108,  013 
1,385,448 
2,  202,  335 
2,  799,  339 
2,  920,  918 
4,  023,  386 
1,  304,  510 
3,  510,  636 
3,  712,  053 
3,  512,  169 
2,431,824 
2,611,596 
4,  323,  756 
4,  88  J,  033 
4,  390,  055 

11,380,582 
7,  098,  570 
10,  524,  331 
11,  869,  143 
14,  783,  394 
37,701,444 
10,  896,  908 
29,  375,  148 
35,  882,  316 
19,  328,  884 
14,  433,  591 
15,  448,  507 
24,  645,  849 
27_,  534,  677 
28,  366,  069 

13,  257,  309 
6,  595,  092 
3,  426,  811 
2,  627,  075 
2,  274,  909 
7,768,816 
7,  807,  585 
10,  292,  280 
7,  505,  318 
4,  76B,  145 
1,719,998 
3,  314,  155 
10,  678,  244 
10,  004,  898 
16,119,476 

7,  966,  369 
3,  892,  193 
1,762,549 
1,540,225 
1,374,077 
6,  074,  277 
6,  961,  571 
7,  622,  565 
5,  184,  656 
3,  259,  039 
1,323,103 
2,  399,  808 
6,  890,  865 
10,  387,  383 
10,  592,  704 

405,  169 
259,  442 
203,  622 
181,  105 
212,  118 
257,  403 
267,  208 
293,  607 
367,  504 
237,  637 
258,  885 
233,  709 
203,  313 
253,  570 
257,  948 

1,169,625 
760,  6U 
622,  866 
574,  380 
709,  974 
1,  002,  976 
1,  237,  122 
1,  175,  688 
957,  791 
877,  692 
944,  269 
912,  075 
692,  003 
778,  344 
1,  013,  272 

64,  830 
69,  903 
44,  152 
18,  534 
8,910 
23,  624 
35,364 
38,  105 
27,023 
14,  383 
14,  432 
11,432 
14,143 
14,  463 
8,684 

218,  248 
216,  076 
145,  803 
64,476 
34,  186 
112,  703 
336,  248 
214,563 
115,  828 
56,235 
CO,  786 
48,  172 
55,761 
54,488 
38,067 

139,  793 
121,191 
130,  670 
334,471 
165,  824 
576,  195 
238,  976 
2,  718,  620 
680,  108 
642,  7ti4 
1,  181,  170 
1,  058,  304 
1,  !CI,  ,«6 
2,  364,  625 
1,  832,  757 

1850  
1851.. 

1853  
1853  
1854  

1855  

1856  
1857 

1858  

1859 

1860 

1861 

1862  

1863  

INTRODUCTION. 


oxli 


The  following  is  an  exhibit  of  the  aggregate  value  of  the  domestic  exports  of  the  United  States 
from  1821  to  18G3,  with  the  value  of  the  exports  of  breadstuffs  during  the  same  period,  and  the  com 
parative  percentage  each  year  of  the  latter  to  the  former : 

Comparison  of  exports  of  breadstuff's  to  total  domestic  exports. 


Years. 

Value  of  exports  of 
bnadstuflfs. 

Total  value  of  domes 
tic  exports. 

Percentage  of  exports 
of  breadstuff's  to  to- 
tal  domestic  exp'ts. 

Ycurs. 

Value  of  exports  of 
breadstuffs. 

Total  value  of  domes 
tic  txports. 

Percentage  of  exports 
ol  'breadstuff*  to  to 
tal  domestic  exp'ts. 

1821 

$5,  092,  G36 
6,  187,  942 
6,081,920 
6,713,595 
5,344,752 
5,419,191 
5,667,948 
5,  414,  665 
7,149,355 
7,171,767 
11,908,910 
7,142,472 
7,  009,  556 
5,677,341 
6,111,164 
4,799,141 
4,416,643 
4,  944,  826 
8,  436,  246 
13,5:35,926 
10,  254,  377 
9,878,176 

$43,671,894 
49,  874,  079 
47,  155,  408 
50,  649,  500 
66,944,745 
53,055,710 
58,921,691 
50,  669,  669 
55,700,193 
59,  462,  029 
61,277,057 
63,137,470 
70,317,698 
81,024,162 
101,189,082 
106,916,680 
95,564,414 
96,  033,  821 
103,533,891 
113,895,634 
106,382,722 
92,969,699 

11.7 

12.4 
12.9 
13.3 
8. 
10.2 
9.6 
10.7 
12.8 
11.9 
19.4 
9.7 
10. 
7. 
6. 
4.5 
4.6 
5.14 
8.1 
11.9 
9.6 
10.6 

1843 

$5,  249,  600 
8,931,396 
7,  445,  820 
16,625,407 
53,  262,  437 
22,  678,  602 
22,  895,  783 
13,066,509 
14,556,236 
17,  256,  803 
21,875,878 
48,  383,  107 
21,557,854 
56,  619,  986 
55,  624,  832 
33,  698,  490 
24,893,413 
27,590,298 
71,722,658 
83,  692,  812 
88,  597,  064 

$77,793,78:; 
99,715,179 
99,299,776 
)  02,  141,893 
15(1,037,464 
132,904,  J21 
132,666,955 
136,946,912 
19ti,689,718 
192,368,984 
213,417,697 
253,  390,  870 
246,  708,  553 
310,586,330 
338,  985,  065 
293,758,279 
335,894,385 
373,  189,  274 
228,  699,  486 
212,920,639 

6.7 
9. 
7.4 
16.3 
35.4 
17.  1 
17.2 
19.5 
7.5 
10.3 
19.  1 
8.7 
8.7 
1^.2 
16.4 
11.5 
7.4 
7.4 
31.4 
39.  3 

1838 

1844 

1823  

1845 

1884  

1846 

1885 

1847 

1826  

1848 

1827  

1849 

1828      

1850 

1829  

1851  

1830 

1852 

1831 

1853 

1832  

1854 

1833    

1855 

1834    

1856 

4835 

1857 

1H3G 

1858 

1837  

1859 

1838  

1860 

1839   

1861 

1840 

1862 

1841 

1863  

1842      

The  repeal  of  the  corn  laws  of  Great  Britain  in  1846,  greatly  encouraged  the  importation  of  grain 
into  that  country,  and  since  that  date  the  export  grain  trade  of  the  United  States  has  been  steadily  on 
the  increase,  never  falling  below  thirteen  millions  of  dollars  in  any  one  year,  and  rising  as  high  as 
eighty-eight  millions.  The  following  table  shows  the  ratio  of  increase  in  the  value  of  the  grain  exports 
each  ten  years  during  the  past  forty  years : 

Aggregate  value  of  grain    Percentage  of  increase 
exports  each  ten  years.         each  ten  years. 

From  1823  to  1833 07,842,211                   

From  1833  to  1843 73,303,440  8.0 

From  1843  to  1853 198,594,871  170.9 

From  1853  to  1863 512,  380,  514  158.0 

The  following  tables  show  the  exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  New  York,  Boston,  Philadelphia 
Baltimore,  and  Portland,  to  foreign  countries  for  a  series  of  years : 

TABLE  DD. 

Exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  New  York  to  foreign  countries. 
(Compiled  from  official  documents. ) 


RYE,  OATS, 

WHEAT. 

WHEAT  FLOOR. 

INDIAN  CORN. 

CORN  MEAL. 

RYI  MEAL. 

AND  SMALL 

GRAIN. 

Year  ending- 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Ban-els. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Dollars. 

June  30,  1858  

5,  037,  569 

9,  782,  028 

1,  649,  471 

13,692,941 

4,  012,  350 

3,  462,  512 

69,809 

306,179 

13,105 

76,734 

2,  022,  352 

1857  

9,  588,  506 

15,160,511 

1,  735,  981 

12,  098,  512 

3,611,330 

2,  506,  097 

75,  424 

271,980 

9,266 

39,051 

401,  693 

1858  

4,  960,  152 

5,451,401 

1,314,869 

7,017,790 

1,  829,  333 

1,  331,  570 

62,532 

234,  94.) 

5,6% 

21,969 

109,  788 

18.-.9  

1,390,838 

1,886,113 

96.1,  628 

5,  301,  3-J9 

527,  591 

433,  8S4 

78,477 

309,  055 

5,  945 

24,706 

369,  983 

i^;o  

1,880,906 

2,  336,  190 

1,187,300 

0,  630,  9% 

580,  OrS 

1,182,381 

86,073 

346,  430 

5,010 

21,  185 

484,507 

It-lit  

21,330,773 

27,  3W,  *)U 

2,  600,  497 

13,  007,  2M 

6,  874,  372 

4,  773,  947 

S4.311 

317,  705 

8,830 

34,676 

590,591 

cxlii 


INTRODUCTION. 


TABLE  DD. 

Exports  of flour  and  grain  from  Boston  to  foreign  countries. 
(Compiled  from  official  documents.) 


Year  ending  — 

WHEAT. 

WHEAT  FLOUR. 

INDIAN   CORN. 

COHN  MEAL. 

IIVE   MEAL. 

UYK,  OATS, 
AND  SMALL 
GRAIN. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Dollars. 

JuneSO  1836  

17,994 
3,652 
2,336 

35,980 
0,179 
3,491 

175,  503 
204,807 
154,901 
150,  531 
174,  450 
268,  518 

1,  555,  937 
1,484,973 
955,  257 
890,  510 
1,093,130 

33,215 
30,914 
34,760 
7,552 
7,015 
22,054 

28,561 
25,  440 
30,  112 
7,350 
6,940 
18,041 

37,  515 
27,  334 
21,853 
15,  510 
11,  144 
16,  920 

168,  856 
104,  995 
86,  900 
64,450 
47,660 
64,324 

2,828 
1,550 
2,371 
1,505 
1,  285 
1,706 

17,637 
7,182 
10,  452 
7,360 
5,780 
7,670 

24,049 
22,046 
9,869 
30,910 
29,  050 
51,  940 

1857  

1858 

1859 

1860.  ... 

2,760 
16,  970 

4,730 
23,780 

1861  

TABLE  DDD. 

Exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  Philadelphia  to  foreign  countries. 
(Compiled  from  official  documents.) 


Year  eliding  — 

WHEAT. 

WHEAT  FLOUR. 

INDIAN   CORN. 

CORN   MEAL. 

RYE  MEAL. 

RYE,  OATS, 
AND  SMALL 
GRAIN. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Dollars. 

jone  30  1856 

359,  473 
597,  942 
167,  164 
29,904 
127,  740 
1,627,845 

670,  554 
974,  693 
215,  991 
38,002 
181,  044 
2,  203,  215 

314,  846 
296,  674 
233,  651 
191,  879 
178,688 
404,  813 

2,  496,  968 
2,  012,  151 
1,  293,  228 
1,  138,  525 
1,  064,  6-19 
2,  429,  774 

664,  898 
912,  499 
591,  965 
105,  668 
270,  815 
757,  704 

454,  172 
654,  012 
439,  017 
93,  273 
212,  599 
511,  845 

92,507 
67,  870 
41,569 
41,  974 
46,  962 
41,  977 

333,419 
231,  612 
150,  264 
165,  976 
181,  173 
140,  130 

13.  695 
11,  672 
4,738 
5,390 
4,446 
3,186 

72,563 
49,336 
17,858 
22,554 
18,  482 
11,742 

270,  260 
14,  5:U 
8,377 
4,  287 
15,531 
22,  303 

1857  

1858 

1859 

1860 

1861 

TABLU  DDUD. 

Exports  (f  flour  and  grain  from  Baltimore  to  foreign  countries. 
(Compiled  from  official  documents.) 


KYE,  OATS, 

WHEAT. 

WHEAT   FLOUR. 

INDIAN  CORN. 

CORN   MEAL. 

RYE  MEAL. 

AND  SMALL 

Year  ending  — 

GRAIN. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars, 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Dollars. 

June  30,  1856  

274,  937 

537,236 

587,  993 

4,  776,  175 

609,  878 

452,  546 

50,822 

190,  076 

4,367 

26,  764 

123,023 

1857  

989,  087 

1,  581,  637 

541,  427 

3,  638,  737 

562,099 

375,  438 

61,589 

209,  066 

4,470 

19,  942 

32,  970 

1858  

249,  031 

308,  657 

551,  088 

2,  909,  679 

489,  532 

334,  576 

54,448 

196,  869 

1,095 

4,033 

33,  423 

1859  

62,  649 

73,802 

345,  891 

2,  055,  537 

167,  690 

150,  890 

52,  799 

211,131 

817 

3,475 

27,  823 

1860  

15,045 

20,  032 

363,  493 

2,  183,  467 

224,  052 

180,  882 

51,525 

196,  393 

681 

2,685 

31,502 

1861  

1,097,416 

1,  563,  765 

444,  026 

2,  605,  568 

1,  015,  777 

697,000 

29,399 

96,  955 

341 

1,419 

18,  527 

TABLE  DDDDD. 

Exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  Portland  to  foreign  countries. 
(Compiled  from  official  documents.) 


Year  ending  — 

WHEAT. 

WHEAT  FLOUR. 

INDIAN   CORN. 

CORN  MEAL. 

RYE   MEAL. 

RYE,  OATS, 
AND  SMALL 
GRAIN. 

Busheld. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Bushols. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Dollars. 

June  30  1856 

8,483 
3,  621 
6,598 
3,706 
4,  317 
95,  839 

78,636 
27,468 
34,  874 
21,961 
26,  443 
370,  596 

689 
318 
938 

653 
306 
928 

660 
795 
154 

784 
712 
304 

3,081 
2,952 
536 
1,899 
3,826 
1,  233 

100 
29 
"65 

731 
145 
1,328 

5,  358 
1,  464 

i,  4.-.:i 

113 

6:1,  197 
61,407 

1857 

1858 

1859  

1860  
1801  

9,378 
508,349 

9,652 
619,  298 

INTRODUCTION. 


cxliii 


Imports  of  wheat,  corn,  and  flour  into  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  during  the  past  three  ycnrt. 
(Compiled  from  British  Board  of  Trade  returns.) 


Countries. 

1801. 

18G2. 

1863. 

WHEAT  : 

Quarters. 
1,041,461 

Quarters. 
1,327,158 

Quarters. 
1,040,378 

1,027,733 

1,450,484 

1,017,807 

228,  157 

145,338 

128,155 

122,  248 

93,  101 

98,800 

214,140 

150,  701 

73,013 

Franco  ...  .  .  

180,  903 

224,835 

34,034 

231,044 

390,008 

95,  81  1 

Eirvpt   . 

339,  81  1 

759,  030 

055,290 

United  States 

2,  507,  744 

3,724,770 

2,008,708 

549,525 

801,452 

483,230 

470,  043 

330,207 

111,275 

Total  wheat  

0  912,815 

9,  409,  270 

5,  C22,  501 

INDIAN  COHN.  —  Quarters  

3,  090,  352 

2,  728,  791 

2,971,872 

FI.OUR  : 

Cwts. 
279  009 

Cwts. 
250  973 

Cwts. 
300,210 

400,  775 

790,  040 

1,307,938 

United  States  

3,794  8G5 

4,  499,  534 

2,  531  ,  822 

805  339 

1,108,591 

883,  352 

812  350 

551,975 

129,  048 

Total  flour 

6,  152,  938 

7,207,113 

5,218,976 

From  the  foregoing  table  it  will  be  seen  that  of  the  imports  of  wheat  into  Great  Britain  and  Ire 
land  during  the  three  years  named,  37.5  per  cent,  were  from  the  United  States,  15.9  per  cent,  from 
Prussia,  and  15.5  per  cent,  from  Russia.  Of  the  imports  of  flour  into  that  kingdom  during  the  same 
period,  58.3  per  cent,  were  from  the  United  States,  and  14.1  per  cent,  from  France. 

The  following  table  shows  the  aggregate  imports  of  wheat  into  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  from 
the  five  leading  grain-exporting  countries  during  the  ten  years  ending  with  1863 : 

From—  Quarters. 

United  States 12,  968,  574 

Prussia 8,  340,  202 

Russia 7,  186,  493 

Egypt 4,  152,  230 

Canada 2,  444,  505 

The  following  table,  furnished  by  our  consul  at  Odessa,  shows  the  total  exports  of  grain,  flour,  and 
meal  from  Russia,  one  of  the  chief  grain-exporting  countries  in  Europe, from  1857  to  1862, inclusive: 


From  Odessa. 

From  southern 
ports. 

From  all  Russia. 

Wheat  

30,  003,  030 

94,512,072 

119,383,752 

Eye... 

do  

5,  045,  792 

7,812,210 

53,  479,  290 

Oats  

do.... 

13,047,102 

15,958,458 

53,  404,  554 

Buvley  ., 

do.... 

11,498,028 

14,  077,  050 

24,338,544 

Peas  

do 

098,  082 

098,084 

2,  050,  002 

Corn  .  ..  

...do 

12,  010,  842 

12,110,380 

13,271,592 

Flour  aud  meal 

do     . 

1,101,744 

1,808,904 

5,766,760 

do     . 

7,  300,  086 

20,  983,  296 

44,583,796 

Total  bushels 

88,  934,  700 

166,020,560 

316,278,310 

cxliv  INTRODUCTION. 

Compared  with  that  of  Russia,  the  grain  trade  of  the  United  States  is  but  in  its  infancy,  and  yet 
in  wheat,  flour,  meal,  and  Indian  corn,  the  exports  of  the  United  States,  during  the  six  years  ending 
1862,  compare  favorably  with  those  of  Russia,  as  the  following  table  shows: 

Total  exports  of  wheat,  corn,  flour,  and  meal  from  the  United  States  and  from  Russia,  from  1857  to  1862  inclusive. 

From  United  States.  From  Russia. 

Wheat,  bushels 99,  181,  325          119,  383,  752 

Corn,  bushels 38,888,758  13,271,592 

Flour  and  meal,  bushels 116,  fiS9,  519  5,  766,  780 


Total 254,  759,  602         1 38,  422,  124 

Deducting  the  linseed  and  rape-seed,  which  do  not  properly  come  under  the  classification,  the 
total  exports  of  all  kinds  of  grain,  flour,  and  meal  from  Russia,  as  furnished  in  the  previous  table,  for  six 
years  ending  18G2,  amount  to  261,694,520  bushels,  while  the  exports  of  wheat,  corn,  flour,  and  meal 
alone  from  the  United  States  amount  to  254,759,602  bushels,  as  demonstrated  in  detail  in  the  foregoing 
exhibit. 

THE  INTERNAL  GRAIN  TRADE. 

The  exportation  of  grain  to  foreign  countries,  however,  does  not  by  any  means  indicate,  the  full 
extent  of  the  grain  trade  of  any  country.  The  progress  of  the  arts  and  manufactures,  and  the  entire 
devotion  of  a  large  portion  of  some  of  the  southern  States  to  the  cultivation  of  cotton,  tobacco,  sugar 
and  rice,  have  created  very  attractive  home  markets  in  the  eastern,  middle,  and  southern  States ;  and, 
although  the  export  demand  is  always  of  great  advantage  to  the  agriculturist,  it  is  the  certain  home 
market  upon  which  he  has  mainly  to  depend.  Without  this,  whenever  the  export  demand  falls  off 
materially,  as  it  sometimes  does  when  Europe  has  extraordinary  crops,  the  agricultural  interest  would 
be  so  uncertain  in  its  character  that  but  few  would  be  willing  to  engage  extensively  in  the  production 
of  the  various  cereals.  This  feature  of  the  trade  has  for  many  years  engaged  the  attention  of  leading 
statesmen,  and  legislation  has  been  shaped  more  or  less  for  the  last  quarter  of  a  century,  towards  fos 
tering  and  encouraging  the  establishment  of  manufactories  of  all  kinds  on  this  continent,  so  as  to  attract 
labor  and  capital  from  the  manufacturing  populations  of  the  old  world,  and  render  us  more  independent 
of  foreign  countries. 

That  great  progress  has  been  made  in  this  direction,  the  present  position  of  the  grain  trade  fully 
demonstrates.  For  instance,  in  1860  the  single  State  of  Illinois  (according  to  the  census  returns)  pro 
duced  23,837,023  bushels  of  wheat,  and  the  whole  amount  exported  from  the  United  States  to  foreign 
countries  during  the  same  year  (including  flour  reduced  to  wheat)  was  only  17,213,133  bushels.  With 
regard  to  Indian  corn,  the  value  of  a  home  market  is  even  more  apparent.  In  1860  Illinois  produced 
115,174,777  bushels,  and  there  was  exported  during  that  year  altogether  only  15,448,507  bushels,  a 
mere  fraction  of  the  product  of  one  State. 

The  following  table  shows  the  comparison  between  the  production  and  the  exportation  of  grain  in 
the  United  States : 

WHEAT. 

Production.  "Wheat  and  flour  exported. 

Bushels.  Bushels. 

1850 100,485,944  7,535,901 

I860 173,  104,  924  17,  213,  133 

INDIAN    CORN. 

Production.  Exported. 

Bushels.  Jlushels. 

1850 592,  071,  104       6,  595,  092 

I860 838,  792,  740      15,  448,  507 


INTRODUCTION.  cxh 

Notwithstanding  the  great  increase  in  the  production  of  grain,  the  increased  population  has  been 
gradually  diverted  from  agricultural  pursuits  to  those  of  manufactures,  and  the  result  is  that  those 
very  States  which  half  a  century  ago  were  exporting  grain,  are  now  almost  entirely  dependent  on  the 
west  for  their  supply  of  breadstuffs.  The  following  extract  from  the  message  of  Governor  Andrew  to 
the  legislature  of  Massachusetts  at  its  last  session,  supplies  a  clear  illustration  of  this  point : 

"Foreign  statistical  writers  differ  considerably  in  their  estimates  of  the  cereal  consumption  of  nations.  McCulloch  states 
the  yearly  consumption  of  England  at  one  'quarter'  of  wheat,  or  eight  bushels,  to  each  inhabitant.  France,  feeding  more 
on  bread  and  less  on  meat,  is  estimated  as  high  as  ten  bushels.  But  New  England,  consuming  largely  of  fish  and  other  animal 
food,  possibly  may  not  exceed  seven  bushels  to  each  person.  At  seven  bushels  each,  her  3,135,293  inhabitants  would  consume 
21,947,601  bushels. 

The  census  of  1860  shows  that  her  own  product  of  cereals  was  : 

Of  wheat,  only 1,  077,  285  bushels. 

Of  rye,  only 1,  617,  560        " 

Of  Indian  corn,  only 9,  099,  570        " 


Total  yield  of  cereals  grown  in  New  England 11,  594,  445 


"  But  Massachusetts,  with  a  population  of  1,231,066,  produced  less  breadstuffs  in  proportion  than  either  of  the  other  New 
England  States.  While  her  population  would,  at  seven  bushels  each,  call  for  8,617,462  bushels,  her  actual  production  of 
cereals  was : 

Of  wheat,  only   119,  783  bushels. 

Of  rye,  only 383,  085 

Of  Indian  corn,  only 2,  157,  063        " 


Her  total  being  only 2,  659,  931 


"  Her  residue  of  breadstuffs,  purchased  of  the  region  to  the  north  and  west,  allowing  seven  bushels  for  each  inhabitant  in 
the  year  1860,  was  5,952,531  bushels;  or,  if  she  consumed  at  the  rate  of  eight  bushels,  the  computation  of  English  consump 
tion  by  McCulloch,  her  purchase  must  have  been  7,183,597  bushels.  More  than  seven-eighths  of  the  whole  cereal  yield  of 
Massachusetts  was  Indian  corn,  of  which  a  very  large  portion  must  have  been  fed  to  animals.  Her  proportional  purchase,  there 
fore,  must  have  been  much  larger  than  the  average  purchase  of  New  England.  The  annual  consumption  of  purchased  flour 
by  New  England,  at  an  estimate  which  is  sustained  by  the  computation  which  I  have  already  made,  is  something  near  3,500,000 
barrels,  or  more  than  one  barrel  to  each  inhabitant.  In  the  year  1862,  more  than  800,000  barrels  of  western  and  northern  flour 

were  sold  in  Boston  for  domestic  consumption,  or  three-fourths  of  a  barrel  for  each  person  in  Massachusetts. 

*********** 

"  I  venture  to  affirm  that  the  consumption  of  western  agricultural  products  within  the  six  States  of  New  England,  includ 
ing  flour,  grain  and  animal  food,  used  for  the  support  of  man  and  the  forage  of  cattle,  swine,  and  horses,  during  the  year  1863, 
reached  the  value  of  $50,000,000,  the  proportion  of  which  taken  by  Massachusetts  exceeded  $20,000,600." 

The  opening  of  the  Erie  canal  to  Lake  Erie,  on  the  25th  October,  1825,  was  the  commencement 
of  a  new  era  in  the  internal  grain  trade  of  the  United  States,  as  it  connected  the  waters  of  the  great 
lakes  with  those  of  the  Atlantic,  affording  a  navigable  water-course  through  the  entire  State  of  New 
York.  To  the  pioneer,  the  agriculturist,  and  the  merchant,  this  grand  avenue  developed  a  new  world, 
and  instituted  what  is  now  the  commerce  of  the  lakes. 

The  following  table  shows  the  total  receipts  of  flour  and  wheat  at  tide-water  by  the  Erie  and 
Champlain  canals  for  a  period  of  twenty-nine  years : 


19 


cxlvi 


I  N  T  R  O  D  IT  C  T  ION. 


Total  receipts  of  flour  and  wlicat  at  tide-water  by  the  New  York  canals. 


Years. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Years. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

1835 

Barrels. 
999  125 

Bushels. 

688  265 

1850 

Barrels. 

3  256  085 

Bushels. 
2  670  7r>4 

183C  

928,116 

824,  855 

1851  

3,  358,  465 

3,  163  682 

1837  

914,171 

592  637 

1852         .    .      

3,  464,  108 

6,754  946 

1838  

1  079,001 

551  589 

1853 

3  063  742 

9  432  657 

1839  

992,503 

582  752 

1854 

1  249  453 

3  523  800 

1840 

1  834  727 

1  559  659 

1855 

1  290  149 

5  426  285 

1841 

1  647  155 

912  443 

1856 

1  098  000 

11  741  366 

1842  

1,588,368 

938  417 

1857 

835,546 

5,763  400 

1843  

2  073  708 

827  346 

1858 

1  898  908 

8  324  966 

1844  

2  222  204 

1  262  249 

1859 

903  296 

5  110  533 

1845  

2  518  150 

1  620  033 

1860 

1  240  908 

19  204  000 

184G  

3,  062,  677 

2,  950,  633 

1861      

1,530,775 

29  632  400 

1847  

3  952  972 

4,136,832 

1862 

1  826  509 

32  667  866 

1848  

3  130  575 

3  116  134 

1863 

1  560  800 

22  206  900 

1849  

3  262  096 

2  388  314 

The  following  is  an  exhibit  of  the  total  receipts  of  all  kinds  of  grain  at  tide-water  by  the  Erie  and 
Chamblain  canals  fora  series  of  years: 

Total  receipts  of  all  kinds  of  grain  at  tide-water  by  the  New  York  canals. 


Years  Grain,  bushels. 

1849 11,  986,  690 

1850 11,  585,  619 

1851 16,  762,  613 

1852 19,  583,  875 

1853 19,  316,  019 

1854 23,  796,  038 

1855 21,  613,  904 

1856 30,793  225 


Years.  Grain,  bushels. 

1857 16,  142,  310 

1858 23,  686,  374 

1859 18,  049,  798 

1860 41,  122,  100 

1S61 62,  275,  951 

1862 74,  811,  877 

1863 66,  713,  000 


The  Mississippi  river  was  the  only  outlet  to  the  ocean  for  the  entire  northwestern  territory,  com 
prising  now  the  northwestern  States,  prior  to  the  opening  of  the  Erie  canal  in  1825,  but  the  comple 
tion  of  this  great  work  rendered  the  country  west  of  the  lakes  attractive  to  the  enterprising  popula 
tions  of  the  eastern  States  and  of  Europe,  and  the  tide  of  emigration  soon  began  to  flow  westward. 
The  construction  of  the  "Welland  and  other  Canadian  canals,  a  few  years  later,  connected  Lake  Erie 
with  Lake  Ontario,  and  thus  opened  another  avenue  to  the  seaboard  by  the  St.  Lawrence  river. 

From  that  period  do  we  date  the  rise  and  progress  of  the  northwest,  as  well  as  of  the  internal 
grain  trade.  Those  counties  in  Ohio  bordering  on  Lake  Erie  became  settled  first,  and  as  late  as  1835 
that  State  was  the  only  grain-exporting  territory  on  the  lakes,  there  having  passed  through  the  Erie 
canal  on  that  year  86,233  barrels  of  flour,  and  1,354,995  bushels  of  wheat,  all  the  product  of  Ohio. 
Michigan  began  to  be  settled  in  the  early  part  of  the  present  century,  but  it  is  stated  in  a  copy  of  the 
Detroit  Gazette,  dated  1818,  that  "from  four  to  five  hundred  farmers,  in  addition  to  those  already  in 
the  Territory,  would  be  needed  to  supply  the  demand  for  breadstuifs  for  local  consumption."  The 
deficiency  at  that  period  was  made  up  by  shipments  from  Ohio.  From  1825  to  1830  the  population 
of  Michigan  began  to  increase  very  rapidly,  and  in  1843  the  exportation  of  grain  from  that  State 
embraced  106,181  bushels  of  wheat,  2,582  bushels  of  corn,  275  bushels  of  oats,  and  263,083  barrels 
of  flour. 

It  was  not  till  about  the  year  1830,  however,  that  the  resources  of  the  fertile  territory  lying 
between  Lake  Michigan  and  the  Mississippi  river  began  to  be  developed.  The  first  shipment  of  grain 
from  Lake  Michigan,  of  which  there  is  any  record,  was  made  in  the  year  1836,  when  the  brig  John 
H.  Kenzie  took  on  board  at  Grand  Haven,  Michigan,  3,000  bushels  of  wheat  for  the  port  of  Buffalo. 


INTRODUCTION. 


cxlvii 


The  first  shipment  of  grain  from  the  western  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  of  which  there  is  any 
record,  was  made  in  1838,  consisting  of  only  thirty-nine  bags  of  wheat.  This  was  the  first  shipment 
of  grain  from  Chicago,  a  port  which  in  1863  exported  not  less  than  18,298,532  bushels  of  wheat  and 
flour,  and  54,741,839  bushels  of  grain  of  all  kinds. 

The  first  shipment  of  grain  from  Wisconsin  was  made  at  the  port  of  Milwaukie  in  1841,  consist 
ing  of  about  4,000  bushels  of  wheat,  which  was  purchased  on  Canadian  account  and  forwarded  there. 
The  exports  of  grain  and  flour  from  this  same  port  only  twenty  years  later,  amounted  to  16,317,322 
bushels,  consisting  chiefly  of  wheat. 

In  1848  the  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal,  which  connects  Lake  Michigan  with  the  Illinois  river,  was 
completed.  This  greatly  stimulated  the  grain  trade  of  the  lakes,  as  it  provided  a  water-course  from  the 
heart  of  the  fertile  prairies  of  Illinois  to  the  Atlantic  ocean. 

The  next  great  step  towards  the  development  of  the  grain  resources  of  the  lake  basin  was  made 
in  the  year  1849,  when  the  era  of  railroad  communication  was  inaugurated  by  the  opening  of  the 
Galena  and  Chicago  Union  railroad  to  Fox  river,  which  was  soon  afterwards  extended  and  completed 
to  the  Mississippi.  In  1852  the  receipts  of  grain  and  flour  by  this  railroad  amounted  to  1,658,725 
bushels,  and  in  1863  there  were  received  by  the  same  road  11,395,649  bushels  of  grain  of  all  kinds. 

The  success  of  the  Galena  railroad  soon  stimulated  other  enterprises  of  the  same  nature,  until 
now  the  territory  lying  between  Lake  Michigan  and  the  Mississippi  river  is  crossed  by  about  fifteen 
different  lines.  The  same  system  of  railroads  is  also  being  extended  west  of  the  Mississippi  across 
the  States  of  Missouri,  Iowa,  and  Minnesota,  into  Kansas  and  Nebraska,  and  it  is  not  improbable  that 
but  a  few  years  will  elapse  before  the  grain  product  of  these  young  frontier  States  will  be  as  large  as 
that  of  Iowa  or  Minnesota  at  present. 

The  number  of  miles  of  railroad  built  between  1850  and  1860,  in  six  of  the  western  States,  was 
9,119,  as  follows; 


States. 

1850. 

1860. 

Inc'se  in  miles. 

Michigan  .        ..     ... 

342 

799.33 

457.33 

20 

922.50 

902.50 

679.75 

679.75 

110.50 

2,  867.  75 

2  757.25 

Ohio  

575.  25 

2,  999.  50 

2,  424.  25 

Indiana  .    . 

228 

2,  125.  75 

1,897.75 

Total  miles  .  

1  275  75 

10  394  58 

9  118  83 

The  rapid  progress  of  the  grain  trade  of  the  northwest  is  fully  demonstrated  by  the  increase  in 
the  commerce  of  the  lakes.  As  late  as  the  year  1845  the  tonnage  of  the  lakes  consisted  of  only  380 
vessels  of  all  classes,  with  an  aggregate  tonnage  of  76,000  tons,  while  at  the  close  of  the  season  of  1863 
there  were  employed  in  the  carrying  trade  of  the  lakes — three-fourths  of  which  consists  of  the  trans 
portation  of  grain — 1,870  vessels  of  all  classes,  with  an  aggregate  tonnage  of  470,034  tons,  valued  at 
$16,720,800. 

The  following  table  exhibits  the  total  tonnage  of  vessels  engaged  in  the  commerce  of  the  lakes 
during  the  past  six  years  : 


Tonnage  of  the  lakes  during  the  past  six  years. 


Years. 

1858. 


Tonnage. 
405, 301 

1859  392, 783 

1860  391, 220 

1801 389, 611 

1862 454,  893 

1863..  470,034 


cxlviii 


INTRODUCTION. 


But,  rapid  as  has  been  the  increase  in  the  facilities  for  the  transportation  of  grain  and  flour  from 
the  west  to  the  east,  it  is  evident,  from  the  high  rates  of  freight  that  have  ruled  during  the  past  two  or 
three  years,  that  they  are  still  inadequate  to  meet  the  requirements  of  the  trade. 

The  following  table  shows  the  receipts  of  flour  and  grain  at  the  port  of  Buffalo  during  the  past 

twenty-eight  years: 

TABLE  E. 
Receipts  of  flour  and  grain  at  Buffalo  for  twenty-eight  years. 


Years. 

Flour,  barrels. 

Wheat,  bushels 

Corn,  bushels. 

Oats,  bushels. 

Barley, 
bushels. 

Rye,  bushels. 

Total  flour  and 
grain,  bushels. 

1836  

139,  178 

304,090 

204,  355 

28,  640 

4  876 

1  500 

1,239  351 

1837  

126,  805 

450,350 

94,  490 

2,553 

3  267 

1  184,685 

1838  

277,  620 

933  117 

34  148 

6,577 

909 

2  362  851 

1839  

294  125 

117  262 

2  587  887 

1840  

597,  142 

,  004,  561 

71,327 

4,061,598 

1841  

730,  040 

635,  000 

201,031 

14,  144 

2  150 

5  502,525 

1842  

734,  308 

555  420 

454  530 

4  710 

1  268 

5  687  468 

1843  

917  517 

827  241 

223  968 

2  849 

1  332 

6  642  610 

1844..  

915  030 

2  177  500 

137  978 

18  017 

1  617 

456 

6  610  718 

1845  

746  750 

1  770  740 

54  200 

23  300 

5  581  790 

1846  

1,374,529 

4  744  184 

1.455  258 

218  300 

47,  530 

28  250 

13,  366,  167 

1847  

1,857  000 

6  489  100 

2  862  800 

446  000 

70  787 

19  153,  187 

1848  

1  249  000 

4  520  117 

2  298  000 

560  000 

6 

17  889 

13  641  012 

1849  

1  207  435 

4  943  978 

3  321  651 

362  384 

14  665  188 

1650  

1  103  039 

3  681  347 

2  593  378 

357  580 

3  600 

12  059  559 

1851  

1,258,224 

4,167  121 

5,988  775 

1  140,340 

142,  773 

10,  652 

17,740,781 

1852  

1  299  513 

5,549  778 

5  136  746 

2  596  231 

497,  913 

112,  251 

20,  390,  504 

1853  

975  557 

5  420  043 

8  065  793 

1  580  655 

401  098 

107  152 

15  956  526 

1854  

739  756 

3  510  782 

10  108  983 

4  401  739 

313  885 

177  066 

22  252  235 

1855  

936  761 

8  022  126 

9  711  430 

2  693  222 

62  304 

299  591 

24  472  278 

1856  f 

1  126  048 

8  465  671 

9  633  277 

1  733  382 

46  327 

245  810 

25  753  907 

1857  I 

845  953 

8  334  179 

5  713  611 

1  214  760 

37,  844 

48,536 

19  578  695 

1858  

1  536  109 

10  671  550 

6  621  668 

2  275  241 

308,  371 

125  214 

27  812  980 

1859  

1  420  333 

9  234  652 

3  113  653 

1  394  502 

361  560 

124  693 

22  530  722 

1860.  

1  122  335 

18  502  649 

11  386  217 

1  209  594 

262  158 

80  822 

37  053  115 

1861  

2  159  591 

27  105  219 

21  024  657 

1  797  905 

313,757 

337  764 

61  460  601 

1862  

2  846  022 

30  435  831 

24  288  627 

2  624  932 

423  124 

791  564 

72  872  454 

1863  

2  978  089 

21  240  348 

20  086  952 

7  322  187 

641  449 

422  309 

64  735  510 

The  next  most  important  receiving  point  on  the  lakes  is  the  port  of  Oswego,  on  Lake  Ontario. 
The  following  table  shows  the  receipts  at  that  port  for  sixteen  years : 

TABLE  F. — Receipts  of  flour  and  grain  at  Oswego  for  sixteen  years. 


Years. 

Flour  into 
wheat,  bushels. 

Wheat,  bushels. 

Corn,  bushels. 

Oats,  bushels. 

Rye,  bushels. 

Barley, 
bushels. 

Total  flour  and 
grain,  bushels. 

1848  

448  510 

3  642  683 

373  185 

03  136 

51  765 

181  560 

4  760  839 

1849  

1  588  790 

3  615  677 

383  230 

133  697 

31  426 

65  256 

5  818  076 

1850  

1  512  885 

3  847  384 

426  121 

113  463 

86  439 

120  652 

6  106  944 

1851  

1  949  645 

4  231  899 

1  251  500 

175,  984 

106,  518 

194,858 

7,  910,  404 

1852  

1  361  715 

6  525  309 

1  055  043 

90  609 

31  ,  279 

134,  697 

9,  198,  652 

1853  

1  956  075 

7  436  391 

787  672 

32  806 

69,  301 

43  070 

10,  335,  315 

1854  

8'36  3'!5 

2  49''  333 

2  632  274 

323  296 

43  215 

101  436 

6,  428,  889 

1855  

1  123  215 

5  365  783 

•>  ygo  900 

228  097 

281  021 

172  215 

10  031,231 

1856  

1  014  615 

8  382  398 

'!  589  211 

169  758 

339  503 

110  019 

13  605  539 

1857  

506  915 

5  353  026 

2  003  99° 

14  603 

74  436 

281  210 

8  234,  182 

1858  

483  315 

6  595  433 

2  913  618 

637  933 

98,  008 

549,967 

11,278,274 

1859  

324  755 

4  874  593 

804  646 

251  534 

182,  437 

778,  419 

7,  216,  384 

1860  

606  995 

9  651  564 

5  019  400 

388  416 

244  311 

1  326  915 

17,237,601 

1861  

595  280 

10  121  446 

4  642  262 

116  384 

381  687 

1  173  551 

17,030,610 

1862  

1  176  910 

10  982  132 

4  528  962 

187  284 

130  175 

1  050  364 

18,  055,  827 

1863  

576  460 

8  785  425 

2  676  367 

423  147 

116  355 

1  824  667 

14,402  421 

INTRODUCTION. 


cxlix 


The  following  is  an  exhibit  of  the  receipts  of  flour  and  grain  at  the  port  of  Toledo  during  the  past 
five  years : 


TABLE  G. 


Receipts  of  flour  and  grain  at  Toledo  for  five  years. 


Years. 

Flour,  barrels. 

Wheat,  bushels. 

Com,  bushels. 

Oats,  bushels. 

Rye,  bushels. 

Barley, 
bushels. 

Total  flour  and 
grain,  bushels. 

1859  

688,103 

2,312,583 

714  291 

6  467  389 

1860  

720,  517 

5,  272,  690 

5  1533  751 

137  538 

35  957 

122  382 

14  504  rK)3 

1861  

J  ,  406,  476 

6,277  407 

5  312  038 

41  428 

31  193 

12  064 

18  706  r>IO 

1862  

1  585  325 

9  827  629 

3  813  709 

234  759 

44  368 

63  138 

21  910  228 

1863  

1  126  260 

6  194  130 

1  705  096 

733  796 

24  520 

37  608 

14  '526  4r>9 

On  Lake  Michigan,  Chicago  stands  foremost  as  a  general  grain-shipping  port.     The  following  table 
shows  the  shipments  of  Hour  and  grain  from  that  port  during  the  past  twenty-six  years: 


TABLE  H. 

Shipments  of  flour  and  grain  from  (Chicago  for  twenty-six  years. 
(Compiled  from  statistics  of  the  Board  of  Trade.) 


Years. 

Flour  and 
wheat,  bushels. 

Corn,  bushels. 

Oats,  bushels. 

Rye,  bushels. 

Barley, 
bushels. 

Total  flour  and 
grain,  bushels. 

1838  

78 

78 

1839  

3  678 

3,678 

1840  

10  000 

10,  000 

1841  

40  000 

40  000 

1842  

586  907 

586  907 

1843  

688  907 

f,—  '»>': 

1844  

923  494 

923,494 

1845  

1  024  620 

1  024  620 

1846  

1,599,819 

1,599,819 

1847  

2  136  994 

67  315 

38  892 

2  243  201 

1848  

2  386  000 

550  460 

65  280 

3  001  740 

1849  

2  192  809 

644  848 

26  849 

31  453 

2  895  959 

1850  

1  387  989 

262  013 

186  054 

22,872 

1,858,928 

1851  

799  380 

3  221  317 

605  827 

19,997 

4,  646,  521 

1852  

941  470 

2  757  Oil 

2  030  317 

17  315 

127,028 

5  873  141 

1853  

1  680  998 

2  780  253 

1  748  493 

82,  162 

120,  275 

6  422  181 

1854  

2  644  860 

6  837  899 

3  239  987 

41,  153 

148,  421 

12,  902,  320 

1855  

7  115  270 

7  517  678 

1  888  533 

20,132 

92,  032 

16  633,645 

1856  

9  419  365 

11  129  668 

1  014  547 

590 

19,  051 

21  583,221 

1857  

10  783  292 

6  814  615 

416  778 

17,993 

18  032  678 

1858  

10  909  243 

7  493  212 

1  498  134 

7,  569 

132  020 

20  040  178 

1859  

10  759  359 

4  ''17  654 

1  174  177 

131  449 

486  218 

16  768  657 

1860  

15  89°  857 

]'!  700  113 

1  091  698 

156  642 

267  749 

31  109  059 

1861  

23  885  553 

21  372  725 

1  633  237 

393,  813 

226,534 

50,511,862 

1862  

22  508  143 

29  45-J  610 

3  112  366 

871,796 

532  195 

56  477,  110 

1863  

18  298  532 

24  '>06  934 

9  909  175 

683  946 

943  252 

54,741,839 

As  a  grain-shipping  port,  that  of  Milwaukie,  on  Lake  Michigan,  is  the  second  in  importance.    The 
shipments  of  flour  and  grain  at  this  port  during  the  past  nineteen  years  were  as  follows: 


cl 


INTRODUCTION. 


TABLE  I. 

Shipments  of  flour  and  grain  from  Milwaukic  for  nineteen  years. 
(Compiled  from  statistics  of  Chamber  of  Commerce.; 


Years. 

Flour,  barrels. 

Wheat,  bushels. 

Corn,  bushels. 

Oats,  bushels. 

Eye,  bushels. 

Barley,  bushels. 

Total  flour  and 
grain,  bushels. 

18-15 

7,550 

95,  510 

133  2GO 

1346 

15  756 

213,  448 

292  228 

1847 

34  380 

598,411 

770  311 

1848 

92  732 

602,  474 

1  076  134 

1849 

136,  657 

1,136,023 

2,500 

4,000 

15,  000 

1  ,  840,  808 

1850 

100,  017 

297,  578 

5,000 

2,100 

15,  270 

820,  033 

1851 

51  889 

317,  285 

13,828 

7,892 

103,  840 

702  290 

1852  

92,995 

564,  404 

2,220 

363,  841 

54,692 

322,621 

1,772,753 

1853  

104,  055 

956,703 

270 

131,716 

80,365 

291,890 

1,981,219 

1854  

145,  032 

1,809,452 

164,908 

404,999 

113,  443 

331,  339 

3,  549,  301 

1855  

181,568 

2,641,746 

112,132 

13,833 

20,  030 

63,  379 

3,  758,  900 

1856 

188  455 

2,761,979 

218 

5,443 

10,  398 

3  720  313 

1857 

228,  442 

2,581,311 

472 

2,775 

800 

3,  727,  568 

1858  

298,688 

3,994,213 

43,  958 

562,067 

5,378 

63,  178 

6,162,234 

1859  

282,  956 

4,  732,  957 

41,364 

299,002 

11,577 

53,  216 

6,  552,  896 

I860  

457,  343 

7,  568,  608 

37,  204 

64,  682 

9,735 

28,  056 

9,  995,  000 

1801 

674,  474 

13,300,495 

1,485 

1,200 

29,  810 

5,  220 

16,710,580 

1862 

711,405 

14,915,680 

9,489 

79,  094 

126,301 

44,  800 

18,712,389 

1863 

603,  526 

12,837,620 

88,  989 

831,600 

84,  047 

133,  449 

16,  993,  335 

The  following  table  shows  the  total  amount  of  grain,  including  flour,  shipped  from  all  the  ports 
on  Lake  Michigan  during  the  past  six  years : 

TABLE  J. 
Total  shipment  eastward  of  grain  and  flour  from  Lake  Michigan  ports  for  six  years. 

(Compiled  from  the  statistics  of  the  various  boards  of  trade.) 


Ports. 

1858. 

1859. 

1860. 

1861. 

1862. 

1863. 

Chicago  .  ..  .  ..  

Bushels. 

20,  040,  178 

Bushels. 

16,  768,  857 

Bushels. 
31,  109,  059 

Bushels. 
50,511,862 

Bushels. 
56,477,110 

Bushels. 
54,741,839 

6  162,234 

6,  552,  896 

9,  995,  000 

16,  710,  580 

18,  712,  389 

16,  993,  335 

1  085  132 

1  ,  435,  000 

907,  256 

910,  767 

1,230,000 

881,416 

238  817 

430,  000 

295,  003 

384  000 

235  454 

141  670 

48,  000 

70,  000 

195,  000 

165,  000 

124,  000 

120,  000 

206,  173 

275,  000 

214,  862 

219,262 

452,  470 

360,  752 

31  759 

50,  000 

65,235 

69,610 

122,350 

107,  862 

Green  Bay.  

140,  000 

350,  033 

448,  722 

780,  902 

1,288,790 

Manitowoc           .                .   ...  

55,  000 

51,310 

84,  000 

75,  000 

52  000 

30,  000 

25,  000 

18,  000 

15  000 

78  000 

Total  

27,  879,  293 

25,  829,  753 

43,211,448 

69,489,113 

78,218,675 

74,710,664 

A  glance  at  the  figures  in  the  foregoing  table  fully  demonstrates  the  marvellous  progress  which 
has  taken  place  in  the  grain  trade  of  the  northwest.  In  history,  ancient  or  modern,  we  may  search  in 
vain  for  a  parallel. 

The  following  table  shows  the  entire  movement  of  flour  and  grain  eastward  from  the  western  and 
northwestern  States,  (including,  in  this  instance,  Canada  West,  whose  products  intermingle,  in  a  general 
statement  such  as  this,  with  those  of  the  United  States  :) 


INTRODUCTION. 


cli 


TABLE  K. 

Total  movement  qfflovr  and  grain  from  the  west  to  the  cast,  by  all  the  routes,  for  eight  yearn. 

(Compiled  from  official  records.) 


Ilcccivod  nt  — 

1856. 

1857. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Corn. 

Other  grain. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Corn. 

Other  grain. 

Western  terminus  of  the  Baltimore  anil  Ohio  railroad.. 
Werfprn  terminus  of  the  Pennsylvania  Central  railroad  . 

Barrels. 

449,  797 
215,000 
350,000 
1,126,048 
304,  524 
202,030 
354,  904 
85,000 
712,038 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 
487,  100 
405,  872 

Barrr.li. 

426,801 
351,011 
354,072 
845,  953 
180,  194 
101,363 
361,  578 
60,472 
637,062 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 
256,183 
206,  793 

93,433 
8,  334,  179 
148,  138 
5,353,026 
598,  523 
477,375 
1,708,965 

8,  405,  671 

9,  C33,  277 

2,  025,  519 
900,000 
619,280 
37,432 
50,  000 
37,366 

5,  713,  611 

1,301,140 

8,382,398 
CIO,  937 
500,000 
1,540,352 

3,589,211 
377,  975 
45,000 
G37,9«'J 

2,003,992 
517,  07fi 
40,537 
383,  Ifi2 

370,  249 
14,  740 
49,408 
38,  1C5 

1 

3,  780,  301 

19,  505,  358 

14,283,432 

4,  562,  569 

3,  318,  496 

16,713,639 

8,658,378  1          2,236,678 

TABLE  K — Continued. 


Received  at  — 

181 

58. 

18, 

9. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Corn. 

Other  grain. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Corn. 

Other  grain. 

Barrels, 

682  314 

Bushels. 

Bushtli. 

Bufhcls. 

330  871 

Barrels. 
446  4(13 

Bushels. 
17  800 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 

1%  400 

450  000 

250  000 

350  000 

150,000 

331  007 

186  449 

94  905 

24  965 

433,  052 

263  483 

77,914 

14,400 

1  536  109 

10  671  550 

6  621,  668 

2,  708,  826 

1,420,333 

9,  234,  C52 

3,  113,653 

1,880,755 

200  410 

10°  694 

41  374 

57  562 

73  34C 

95,720 

6,  595,  433 

2,  913,  618 

1,285,908 

64,941 

4,874,593 

804,646 

1,212,390 

381  624 

790  178 

720  236 

44  126 

204,569 

769  010 

298,  519 

64,  70i 

72  633 

410  191 

40  000 

156  631 

9,390 

206,  735 

20,100 

216,  435 

664  275 

1  769  482 

105  087 

136,  537 

597,583 

638,700 

71,430 

204,652 

7  110 

276  515 

9  865 

1  764 

416  821 

8  900 

4  421  202 

20  802  492 

10  495  514 

4  947  729 

3  658  409 

16  539  356 

4  386  262 

4  022  046 

TABLE  K — Continued. 


Received  at  — 

181 

0. 

18 

H. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Corn. 

Other  grain. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Corn. 

Other  grain. 

Barrels. 
35°  413 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 
1°6  393 

Barrels. 

°70  000 

Bushels. 

Buslnls. 

Buslicl*. 
80  000 

426  600 

864  160 

1  045  028 

1  948  256 

Dunkirk  

542  705 

500  888 

644  081 

8  843 

736  529 

604  561 

230  400 

7,  175 

Buffalo  

1  122  335 

18  502  649 

11  386  217 

1  552  574 

2  159  591 

27  105  219 

21  024  657 

2  532,770 

650  000 

1  875,000 

758  915 

2  675,  :il« 

121  185 

9  651  564 

5  019  400 

1  95l)  642 

119  056 

10  1°1  440 

4  642  262 

1  671,  6S2 

248  200 

565  0°2 

807  014 

48  211 

441  488 

677  386 

1   111  594 

25,666 

°8  940 

°03  878 

73  300 

186  597 

65  407 

°76  610 

1°4  411 

104  591 

608  309 

2  686  7°8 

138  °14 

915,648 

937  3°4 

7  738  084 

1  505  477 

280,  058 

5  250 

425  765 

10  725 

0  500 

520  618 

10.990 

Total  

4  106,057 

32  536  494 

1R  128  226 

7  547  793 

6  535  838 

47  043  024 

28,  706,  801 

9,  337,  07S 

clii 


INTRODUCTION 


TABLE  K — Continued. 


Received  at  — 

18< 

2. 

18f 

3. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Corn. 

Other  grain. 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Corn. 

Other  grain. 

Barrels. 

690  000 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 
550  000 

Barrels. 

750  000 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 

Bushels. 
450  000 

890  696 

1,  622  893 

850  000 

1  800  000 

Dunkirk 

1  095,365 

112  061 

149  654 

10  173 

620,  230 

86  905 

191  035 

11  789 

Buffalo 

2  846  022 

30  435  831 

24,288  627 

3,  849,  620 

2  978,  089 

21  240  348 

20  086  952 

8  385  945 

875  000 

2  750,000 

775,000 

1  500  000 

235,382 

10,  982,  132 

4,  528,  962 

1,  467,  823 

115,292 

8,  785  425 

2  676  367 

2  364  169 

576,  394 

689,  930 

1,120,176 

18,865 

475,  465 

600,299 

1  057  299 

25  000 

48,  576 

316,  403 

249,  369 

47,047 

24,  236 

206,856 

81,  698 

15  730 

1,  174,  602 

8,  534,  172 

2,  661,  261 

426,  387 

1,  193,  108 

5,  509,  119 

862,  534 

1  405,478 

1  000 

150  000 

6  622 

1,500 

85  000 

25  000 

Total                               

8,  433,  037 

51,  220,  529 

32,998  049 

10,  749,  430 

7,  782  920 

36  513  952 

24  955  885 

15  983  111 

THE  GRAIN  TRADE  OF  THE  ST.  LAWRENCE  RIVER. 

The  grain  trade  of  the  St.  Lawrence  river  has  of  late  years  attracted  the  attention  of  the  leading 
statesmen  and  merchants,  both  of  Canada  and  the  United  States.  The  construction  of  the  Welland 
canal,  and  the  completion  of  the  various  Canadian  canals  around  the  rapids  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  pro 
vided  an  uninterrupted  water-course  from  the  head  of  Lake  Michigan  to  Montreal  and  Quebec. 

For  many  years  the  trade  of  this  river  was  confined  chiefly  to  the  products  of  Upper  Canada,  but 
the  increased  production  of  grain  in  the  northwestern  States  during  the  past  ten  years  has  so  crowded 
the  other  avenues  to  the  seaboard  that  the  trade  has  naturally  sought  an  outlet  to  the  ocean  by  the  St- 
Lawrence. 

The  following  table  shows  the  receipts  of  Hour  and  grain  at  Montreal  during  the  past  three  years  : 

Receipts  of  flour  and  grain  at  Montreal  for  three  years. 


18( 

il. 

18( 

H, 

i8c: 

i. 

Articles. 

By  Grand  Trunk 
railway. 

By  Lachiue 
canal. 

By  Grauk  Trunk 
railway. 

By  Lachine 
canal. 

By  Grand  Trunk 
railway. 

By  Lachiue 
canal. 

336,  466 

758,  873 

402,221 

772,  381 

457,926 

735,182 

Wheat,  bushels  .  ...  ...  

1,187,703 

6,550,376 

754,  445 

7,  779,  727 

539,  020 

4,  970.  099 

1  ,  565,  477 

2,601,261 

1,173 

861,361 

6,  931 

125,  818 

11,876 

225,  054 

25,447 

273,525 

Oats          " 

18,  292 

104,  107 

13,194 

93,598 

51,251 

352,  721 

T?vo            " 

24  710 

82,665 

33,  269 

The  following  table  shows  the  exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  Montreal  during  the  past  three 

years: 

Exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  Montreal  for  three  years. 


Articles. 

1861. 

1862. 

1863. 

Flour,  barrels  ..  . 

605,942 

597,  477 

526,  155 

Wheat,  bushels  

5,584,727 

6,  500,  796 

3,741,146 

Corn,         "          .   .                      

1,477,144 

1,774,546 

638,281 

Oats          " 

27G  375 

3,  080,  835 

239,  829 

652,  144 

709,239 

Peas          '  ' 

754,  414 

INTRODUCTION. 


cliii 


As  demonstrative  of  the  nature  of  the  receipts  of  grain  at  Montreal,  it  is  necessary  to  state,  that 
of  the  4,970,09!)  bushels  of  wheat  received  during  1863,  1,901, 641)  bushels  were  from  Milwaukie,  and 
1,079,772  bushels  from  Chicago.  Of  the  corn  received  in  18G3,  nearly  all  of  it  was  imported  from 
Chicago,  as  there  was  shipped  from  that  port  for  Kingston  not  less  than  698,375  bushels,  where  it  was 
transferred  to  barges  and  towed  down  the  St.  Lawrence  to  Montreal.  Of  the  exports  of  grain  at 
Montreal,  the  oats  and  barley  are  nearly  all  shipped  to  the  United  States. 

The  chief  grain-shipping  point  on  the  Canadian  side  of  Lake  Ontario  is  Toronto,  whercfrom  the 
following  table  shows  the  shipments  of  flour  and  grain  in  1863,  with  the  ports  of  destination: 

Shi/rmcnts  of  jlour  and  grain  from  Toronto  in  1863. 


Shipped  to  — 

Flour. 

Wheat. 

Barley. 

Peas. 

Barrels, 
14,740 

Bushels. 
268,001 
22,186 
2,  100 
6,652 
353,280 

Bushels. 
288,108 

Bushels. 
40,186 

1 

600 
18.53S 
85,256 
750 
9,664 

o 

10,963 

10,978 

f\ 

200,043 

Total  in  1863  

J20,552 
106,219 

852,262 
933,275 

299,086 
219,  147 

57,  149 
47,382 

Total  iu  1862  

Besides  the  above,  there  were  shipped  92,936  bushels  of  oats — all  to  Oswego. 

From  the  foregoing  table  it  will  be  seen  that  of  the  1,949,193  bushels  of  flour  and  grain  of  all 
kinds  exported  from  Toronto,  only  811,251  bushels  were  shipped  to  Canadian  ports. 

So  important  has  the  grain  trade  of  the  northwestern  States  become  to  the  Canadians,  that  it  has 
stimulated  the  construction,  by  English  capitalists,  of  the  Great  Western  railway  from  Detroit  river  to 
Lake  Ontario  and  Niagara  river,  and  the  Grand  Trunk  railway  from  Detroit  river  to  Quebec  and 
Portland.  To  cheapen  the  transportation  of  grain,  lines  of  propellers  are  established,  and  constantly 
run  during  the  season  of  lake  navigation,  between  Lake  Michigan  ports  and  Ports  Sarnia,  and  Colling- 
wood,  on  Lake  Huron,  where  produce  is  transferred  to  cars,  which  are  run  across  from  Lake  Huron 
to  Lake  Ontario,  where  it  is  again  transferred  to  propellers  or  sailing  vessels,  which  ply,  in  connexion 
with  the  railroads,  between  Montreal  and  Lake  Ontario  ports.  Besides  the  advantage  of  cheapening 
freights,  it  is  claimed  that  this  repeated  overhauling  of  grain,  particularly  in  hot  weather,  is  highly 
effective  in  preventing  it  from  becoming  heated  or  musty,  as  is  often  the  case  during  hot  weather,  when 
it  is  confined  closely  in  the  holds  of  vessels  during  long  passages. 

DIEECT    TRADE    BETWEEN  THE  LAKJES  AND  EUROPE. 

During  the  past  ten  years  various  attempts  have  been  made  to  establish  a  direct  European  trade 
with  the  lakes,  via  the  St.  Lawrence  river ;  but  it  has  been  more  successfully  prosecuted  in  the  lumber 
and  stave  than  in  the  grain  trade.  The  first  direct  shipment  of  grain  from  the  lakes  to  Europe  took 
place  in  1856,  when  the  schooner  Dean  Richmond  cleared  at  Chicago  for  Liverpool  with  a  cargo  of 
wheat ;  but,  of  about  125  vessels  which  have  cleared  from  lake  ports  for  the  Atlantic  ocean  since  that 
date,  only  three  or  four  have  been  loaded  with  grain.  This  failure  to  establish  a  direct  European  grain 
trade,  has  been  discouraging  to  merchants,  and  has  led  many  to  despair  of  ultimate  success;  but  the 
chief  obstacle  seems  to  be  the  uusuitableness  for  ocean  navigation  of  the  light-draught  schooners  which 
are  necessarily  employed  in  order  to  cross  the  St.  Clair  flats  and  pass  through  the  canals.  The  want 
of  return  cargoes  to  the  lakes  has  also  been  a  serious  detriment  to  the  direct  trade,  and  it  is  only  in 
seasons  of  extreme  depression  in  the  lake  trade,  that  vessel-owners  are  willing  to  embark  in  such  long 

voyages. 

20 


cliv  INTRODUCTION. 

To  foster  the  establishment  of  a  direct  European  grain  trade,  and  also  to  provide  more  enlarged 
facilities  for  the  transportation  of  the  rapidly-increasing  products  of  the  west,  a  variety  of  measures  are 
being  agitated  by  commercial  associations  all  over  the  country,  as  well  as  by  the  legislatures  of  New 
York  and  Canada.  The  following  are  some  of  the  leading  propositions  : 

First.  The  construction  of  a  ship  canal  from  Georgian  bay  to  Toronto,  via  Lake  Simcoe,  so  as  to 
pass  vessels  of  one  thousand  tons  burden  from  Lake  Huron  to  Lake  Ontario. 

Second.  The  construction  of  a  ship  canal  from  Georgian  bay  to  the  Ottawa  and  French  rivers,  via 
Lake  Nipissingue,  so  as  to  pass  vessels  of  one  thousand  tons  burden  from  Lake  Huron  to  the  St. 
Lawrence  river. 

Third.  The  enlargement  of  the  Welland  canal,  so  as  to  pass  vessels  of  the  size  mentioned  above. 

Fourth.  The  construction  of  a  ship  canal  around  the  Falls  of  Niagara,  so  as  to  pass  large  vessels 
of  deep  draught  from  Lake  Erie  to  Niagara  river,  and  thence  to  Lake  Ontario  and  the  St  Lawrence 
river. 

Fifth.  The  enlargement  of  the  New  York  canals. 

Sixth.  The  construction  of  a  ship  canal  from  Chicago,  on  Lake  Michigan,  to  Lasalle,  on  the  Illi 
nois  river,  and  the  deepening  and  improvement  of  that  river,  so  as  to  allow  steamers  and  vessels  of  deep 
draught  to  pass  from  the  Mississippi  river  to  Lake  Michigan. 

Seventh.  The  improvement  of  Fox  river,  in  Wisconsin,  so  as  to  connect  the  Upper  Mississippi 
with  Lake  Michigan,  and  allow  the  passage  of  vessels  carrying  large  cargoes  of  grain  and  other  pro 
duce  from  Minnesota  and  northern  Wisconsin. 

Eighth.  The  construction  of  a  ship  canal  from  the  head  of  Lake  Michigan  to  Lake  Erie,  so  as  to 
avoid  the  long  passage  around  the  peninsula  of  Michigan,  via  the  Straits  of  Mackinaw. 

Of  the  four  projects  connecting  Lake  Ontario  with  Lakes  Erie  and  Huron,  the  three  first  are 
Canadian  propositions.  The  accomplishment  of  either  of  the  two  first — the  Georgian  bay  and  Toronto 
or  the  Ottawa  ship  canal — would  greatly  shorten  the  distance  from  Lake  Michigan  to  Montreal,  and 
also  avoid  the  St.  Clair  flats,  which  would  have  to  be  deepened  and  improved  so  as  to  enable  ocean 
vessels  of  deep  draught  to  pass. 

It  is  feared  by  many  in  New  York,  however,  that  the  construction  of  a  ship  canal  to  the  St. 
Lawrence  river  would  damage  the  canal  interests  of  that  State  by  diverting  a  large  portion  of  the  grain 
trade  of  the  lakes  from  the  Erie  canal;  but  when  it  is  considered  that  the  production  of  grain  in  the 
northwestern  States  increased  from  218,463,583  bushels  in  1840  to  642,120,366  bushels  in  1860,  and 
that  of  the  eight  food-producing  States  west  of  the  lakes,  embracing  an  area  of  262,549,000  acres,  only 
about  52,000,000  acres  were  under  cultivation  in  1860,  and  that  26,000,000  acres  of  that  have  been 
broken  since  1850,  no  fears  need  be  entertained  that  any  of  the  outlets  to  the  ocean  will  be  unoccu 
pied  to  the  extent  of  their  capacity.  The  only  fear  is,  that  we  will  not  keep  pace  with  the  increased 
production  by  the  provision  of  increased  facilities  of  transportation. 

THE  RECIPROCITY  TREATY  AND  THE  GBAIN  TRADE. 

By  the  operation  of  the  reciprocity  treaty  there  is  a  free  interchange  of  the  grain  products  of 
Canada  and  the  United  States,  and  the  free  use  of  the  St.  Lawrence  river  for  navigation  is  accorded 
to  the  latter.  Since  this  treaty  came  into  effect  the  grain  trade  between  the  two  countries  has  beer. 
greatly  increased.  The  following  table  shows  the  value  of  the  agricultural  products  imported  into  the 
United  States  from  Canada,  and  into  Canada  from  the  United  States,  from  1850  to  1861,  inclusive  : 


INTRODUCTION. 


cli 


Value  of  imports  of  agricultural  produce  info  the  United  States  from  Canada^  and  into  Canada  from  the  United  States. 


Years. 


Vftlui<  of  imports  into  United 
StatcH  from  Canada. 


Valuo  of  irnportu  into  Canada 
from  the  United  States. 


Value  of  imports  into  United 
Status  from  Canada. 


Value;  of  import-  into  Canada 
from  thu  UnitL-d    States. 


1856 $11,864,830 

1857 7,100,413 

1858 5,740,305 

1859 6,278,351 

1860 10,013,799 

1861..  9,580,165 


3,  809,  112 
5,272,151 
3,385,517 

4,  671,  882 
4,603,  114 

5,  172,  588 


1850 $2,706,362  $427,084 

1851 1,937,283  676,327 

1852 3,  277,  929  473,  137 

1853 4,949,576  668,113 

1854 5,295,667  1,500,521 

1855 11,801,435  4,972,475 

According  to  the  above  table  it  is  evident  that,  however  much  the  people  of  the  United  States  may 
have  been  benefited  by  the  operations  of  the  reciprocity  treaty,  it  has  been  more  advantageous  to  the 
Canadian  than  to  the  American  agriculturist. 

THE  GRAIN  TUAUE  OF  THE  MISSISSIPPI  R1VEH. 

The  grain  trade  of  the  Mississippi  and  Ohio  rivers  has,  for  upwards  of  a  rpaarter  of  a  century, 
occupied  an  important  place  in  the  commercial  history  of  the  United  States.  In  the  early  part  of  the 
present  century,  before  the  era  of  canals  and  railroads,  the  tide  of  emigration  forced  itself  into  the 
valleys  of  those  rivers  and  laid  the  foundations  of  what  soon  became  large  and  flourishing  settlements. 
Before  Chicago,  Milwaukie,  and  Toledo  had  existence,  other  than  as  small  trading  posts,  Cincinnati,  on 
the  Ohio,  and  St.  Louis,  on  the  Mississippi  river,  were  comparatively  large  towns,  with  a  trade  and  com 
merce  which  attracted  capital  from  all  parts  of  the  world.  The  Mississippi  river  was  the  natural  outlet 
for  this  trade  to  the  ocean,  and  New  Orleans  became  at  an  early  day  the  only  exporting  point  for  the 
grain  products  of  the  west. 

The  valley  of  the  Ohio  river,  embracing  the  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  and  Kentucky,  was  settled 
first,  and  the  grain  trade  of  that  river  proper  is  therefore  the  oldest.  But  the  fertile  lands  of  the  river 
tier  of  counties  in  Illinois  and  Missouri  soon  attracted  the  attention  of  agriculturists,  and  the  grain  trade 
of  the  Mississippi  river  proper  followed;  and.  as  we  have  shown  in  a  previous  chapter,  before  steamboat 
navigation  had  made  much  progress,  the  grain  was  shipped  chiefly  in  rude  barges  and  carefully  floated 
down  the  Mississippi  to  New  Orleans,  where  it  found  a  market,  and  was  shipped  to  foreign  ports. 
And  even,  at  no  distant  date,  nil  the  western  grain  and  flour  which  found  a  market  in  New  York  or 
New  England  was  shipped  to  New  Orleans  in  steamboats,  and  thence  around  the  Atlantic  coast  in 
ocean  ships. 

The  following  is  an  exhibit  of  receipts  of  grain  and  flour  at  Cincinnati  during  the  past  eighteen  years: 

TABLE  L. 

Receipts  of  flour  and  grain  at  Cincinnati  for  cigJitccn  years. 
(Compiled  from  statistics  of  Cincinnati  Cbambcr  of  Commerce.) 


Years. 

Flour,  barrels. 

Wheat,  bushels. 

Com,  bushels. 

Oats,  bushels. 

Barley,  bushels. 

Eye,  bushels. 

1846  

202,  319 
51-2,  506 
151,518 
447,  844 
231,859 
482,  772 
511,042 
449,  089 
427,  404 
342,772 
546,  727 
485,089 
633,318 
558,  173 
517,229 
490,61!) 
538,215 
lil'J.TId 

435,486 
590,  805 
570,  813 
385,388 
322,699 
388,600 
377,  037 
343,649 
408,  084 
437,  412 
1,069,468 
737,723 
1,211,543 
1,274,685 
1,057,118 
1,129,007 
j,  174,924 
1,741,491 

57,  245 
896,258 
361,315 
344,  810 
649,227 
489,  195 
653,  788 
723,  334 
745,  455 
845,  597 
978,511 
1,673,363 
1,090,236 
1,139,022 
1,346,208 
1,340,690 
1,780,292 
1,504,430 

106,852 
372,  127 
194,  557 
185,723 
191,924 
164,238 
197,868 
283,  251 
427,  423 
480,  178 
403,920 
534,312 
598,  950 
557,  701 
894,515 
838,  451 
1  ,  338,  950 
1,31-J.OOO 

90,  225 
79,394 
165,528 
87,  4f  0 
137,925 
111,257 
89,994 
226,844 
286,536 
204,224 
244,  792 
381,060 
400,  9C7 
455,731 
352,  829 
493,214 
323,884 
336,170 

85,821 
41,010 
24,336 
22,233 
23,397 
44,  308 
58,317 
33,070 
29,592 
53,  164 
158,220 
H3.81H 
64,385 
82,572 
131,487 
157,  509 
247,  lf?7 
138,935 

1847  

1848  

1849  

1850  

1851  

1852..   

1853  

1854  

1  855  

185G  

]  S57  

1858  

1859  

1860  

1861  

1862  

[,<&3  

clvi  INTRODUCTION. 

The  following  table  shows  the  receipts  of  flour  and  grain  at  St.  Louis  during  the  past  fourteen  years  : 

TABLE  M. 

Receipts  of  jlour  and  grain  at  St.  Louis  for  fourteen  years. 
(Compiled  from  statistics  of  St.  Louis  Chamber  of  Commerce.) 


Years. 

Flour,  barrels. 

Wheat,  bushels. 

Corn,  bushels. 

Oats,  bushels. 

Rye,  bushels. 

Barley,  bushels. 

j8r>o  

306,463 

1,794,721 

1851  .  . 

184,715 

1,712  776 

1,457,  748 

888,  423 

1852 

132  050 

1  645  387 

755,258 

848,  850 

91  662 

1853  

201,487 

2,  075,  872 

1  ,  048,  120 

1,235,000 

28,  894 

124  064 

1854  

192,945 

2,  126,  272 

1,784,189 

1,777,873 

114  KiO 

1855  

226  450 

3  312,854 

2,  947,  285 

1,912,974 

111  526 

126  128 

1856 

323  446 

3,747  224 

938,  546 

1  ,  132,  932 

44  210 

127  210 

1857  

573  664 

3  281  410 

2,  266,  828 

1,217,887 

36  810 

216  574 

1858  

387,  451 

3,  835,  759 

892,  104 

,  690,  010 

45,900 

290  350 

1859  

488,700 

3,  568,  732 

1  ,  639,  579 

,  267,  624 

123,  056 

242  262 

1360                                      

443  196 

3  555,878 

4,  209,  794 

,  789,  234 

158,974 

291   130 

1861 

484  000 

2  654  738 

4,515  040 

,  735,  157 

117  080 

20]   484 

1862 

647  419 

3  850  3:36 

1,734  219 

,  135  043 

253  552 

290  9°5 

1863  

689,  241 

2,  703,  378 

1  ,  299,  850 

2,771,848 

126,  700 

195  650 

As  New  Orleans  is  the  only  exporting  point  for  the  grain  carried  down  the  Mississippi  river,  the 
following  table  is  appended,  showing  the  receipts  at  that  port  for  thirty-one  years  : 

TABLE   N. 

Receipts  of  Jlour  and  grain  at  New  Orleans  for  thirty-one  years. 
(Compiled  from  statistics  of  New  Orleans  price  current.) 


Years. 

Wheat,  bbls.  and 

sacks. 

Hour,  barrels. 

CORN. 

Oats,  bbls.  and 
sacks. 

Shelled,  sacks. 

In  ear,  barrels. 

]832  

221,283 
233,742 
345,831 
286,534 
287,232 
253,500 
320,208 
439,  984 
482,523 
496,  194 
439,  688 
521,175 
502,  507 
533,  312 
837,  965 
1,617,675 
706,  958 
1,013,177 
591,986 
941,106 
927,212 
808,672 
874,256 
673,111 
1,120,974 
1,290,597 
1,538,742 
1,084,978 
965,860 
1,009,201 
281,645 

7,490 
65,  620 
62,  137 
162,  346 
287,182 
369,090 
177,751 
338,  795 
278,358 
268,557 
338,709 
427,552 
360,  052 
390,964 
1,166,120 
2,  386,  510 
1,083,465 
1,705,138 
1,114,897 
,298,932 
,  397,  132 
,  225,  031 
,740,267 
,110,446 
,990,995 
,  437,  051 
,  289,  665 
759,  438 
1,722,039 
3,833,911 
315,  C52 

71,322 
91,473 
97,774 
262,410 
255,  975 
194,013 
270,  924 
161,918 
152,965 
168,  050 
240,675 
255,058 
165,  354 
139,686 
358,  573 
619,  576 
509,  583 
295,711 
42,719 
42,526 
163,  008 
17,620 
48,  404 
10,701 
41,924 
14,719 
62,  405 
5,000 
36,  092 
122,644 
22,216 

1,784 
9,  029 
18,026 
14,264 
18,132 
32,  180 
25,514 
38,708 
42,885 
54,250 
63,281 
120,430 
130,432 
144,  262 
269,  386 
588,337 
467,  219 
266.559 
325,795 
479,  741 
463,  273 
446,  956 
586,451 
439,  978 
587,  180 
393,  171 
568,  649 
249,  736 
659,550 
552,738 
35,  348 

1833 

1834 

1835  

10,038 
1,(90 
6,  422 
2,  027 
17,280 
63,015 
2,621 
138,886 
118,248 
86,  014 
64,759 
403,786 
833,  649 
149,181 
238,911 
57,  508 
88,  797 
64,918 
47,238 
184,943 
31,288 
869,524 
775,  962 
401,275 
29,585 
13,116 
71,678 
36,411 

1836  

1837  

1838  

1839  

1840  

1841  

1842  

1843  

1844  

1845  

1846  

1847  

1848  

1849  

1850  

1851 

1852  

1853 

1854 

1855  

1856  

1857            

1858            

1859                         

18CO                         

1861                             

1862         

INTRODUCTION. 


clvii 


The  following  table  shows  the  exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  New  Orleans  to  foreign  countries 
for  a  series  of  years : 

TABLE  O. 

Exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  New  Orleans  to  foreign  ports. 
(Compiled  from  official  documents.) 


Year  ending  June  30  — 

Flour,  barrels. 

Wheat,  bushels. 

Corn,  bushels. 

Rye,  oats,  &e., 
value. 

1856  

251  ,  501 

1  096  731! 

2  941  711 

ftfi7  S<» 

1857  

428,436 

]  353  480 

1  034  402 

2  172 

1858  

474,  906 

596  442 

1   134   147 

885 

1859 

133  193 

107  031 

111  522 

1    09Q 

]8GO  

80  541 

2  189 

224  382 

1  943 

1861                      

21  767 

3 

69  679 

971 

A  comparison  of  the  foregoing  tables  with  those  illustrating  the  grain  trade  of  the  lakes  and  of  the 
Erie  canal,  demonstrates  the  revolution  that  has  taken  place  in  the  grain  trade  of  the  west.  The  trade 
and  commerce  of  the  Mississippi  river,  so  far  as  relates  to  grain  and  other  produce,  has  not  kept  pace 
with  the  development  of  the  territory  through  which  it  runs,  and  for  which  it  is  the  natural  highway 
to  the  ocean.  The  old  theory  that  "  trade  will  follow  the  rivers  "  has  in  some  respects  been  disproved. 
The  artificial  channels  of  trade,  canals  and  railroads,  have  tapped  the  west  and  carried  its  products  east 
ward  across  the  continent.  The  grain  trade  of  Illinois,  Iowa,  Missouri,  Wisconsin,  and  even  the  greater 
portion  of  that  of  Indiana  and  Ohio,  have  been  diverted  almost  entirely  to  the  lakes,  the  Erie  canal 
the  St.  Lawrence  river,  or  the  six  great  trunk  lines  of  railroads  that  lead  from  the  heart  of  the  west  to 
the  seaboard.  The  Mississippi  river  has  been  bridged  at  Rock  island,  and  another  bridge  is  just  being 
completed  at  Clinton,  farther  up.  The  lines  of  railroads  which  extend  from  Lake  Michigan  to  this  river 
are  being  pushed  forward  with  great  rapidity  to  the  Missouri  river,  and  into  Kansas  and  Nebraska,  and 
there  is  every  probability  that  the  grain  of  these  frontier  States  will  also  find  a  market  by  way  of  the 
lakes.  Even  now  grain  is  being  received  t  Chicago  from  Kansas  and  Nebraska  via  the  Missouri  river, 
the  Hannibal  and  St.  Joseph  railroad,  and  the  Chicago,  Burlington,  and  Quincy  railroad.  As  an  outlet 
to  the  ocean  for  the  grain  trade  of  the  west,  the  Mississippi  river  has  almost  ceased  to  be  depended 
upon  by  merchants.  There  are  several  reasons  for  this  change : 

First.  The  risk  of  damage  to  grain  and  flour  that  may  be  shipped  during  the  summer  months 
through  the  southern  latitudes  of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  as  compared  with  the  transportation  by  the 
northern  routes,  viz.,  around  the  lakes  and  through  the  Erie  canal,  or  via  the  St.  Lawrence  river.  This 
applies  particularly  to  corn,  which  is  more  liable  to  become  heated  than  any  other  kind  of  grain. 

Second.  The  uncertainty  of  river  navigation  during  the  summer  months,  in  droughty  seasons,  and 
the  vexatious  and  ruinous  delays  that  are  apt  to  occur  in  consequence. 

Third.  The  speedy  transportation  by  railroads  and  canals  on  the  northern  route,  as  compared  with 
transportation  by  river  to  New  Orleans,  and  thence  by  ocean  ships  around  the  Atlantic  coast. 

Fourth.  The  superior  advantages  which  New  York  during  the  past  ten  or  fifteen  years  has  attained 
as  an  importing  point,  as  compared  with  New  Orleans,  thus  offering  greater  inducements  to  ocean 
shipping  to  trade  with  New  York. 

Fifth.  The  rapid  growth  of  the  cotton,  sugar,  and  tobacco  trade  at  New  Orleans,  to  the  exclusion 
of  almost  every  other  branch  of  trade  and  commerce. 

A  glance  at  the  table  of  receipts  of  grain  at  New  Orleans  during  the  six  years  previous  to  the 
blockade  of  the  Mississippi  river,  as  compared  with  the  great  movement  of  grain  during  the  same 
period  eastward  by  the  Erie  canal  and  the  St.  Lawrence  river,  shows  clearly  the  diversion  which  has 
taken  place  in  this  trade.  The  entire  receipts  of  grain  in  New  Orleans  in  1860  amounted  to  only 


clviii 


INTRODUCTION. 


5,198,927  bushels,  while  the  receipts  during  the  same  year  at  the  single  port  of  Chicago  amounted  to 
about  fifty  million  of  bushels,  while  Milwaukie  received  about  ten  million.  The  exportation  of  grain  from 
New  Orleans  to  foreign  countries  had  also  fallen  off  year  by  year,  till  in  I860  the  entire  amount  ex 
ported  was  only  2,189  bushels  of  wheat,  224,382  bushels  of  corn,  and  rye,  oats,  and  small  grain  to  the 
value  of  $1,943,  while  during  the  years  1860-'61  there  were  exported  from  New  York  23,859,147 
bushels  of  wheat,  9,268,729  bushels  of  corn,  and  2,728,012  barrels  of  flour. 

To  demonstrate  still  further  the  change  in  the  grain  trade  from  the  southern  to  the  northern  route, 
the  following  table  is  appended,  showing  the  exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  Cincinnati  during  the 
four  years  preceding  the  blockade  of  the  Mississippi  river,  with  the  amount  shipped  by  the  southern 
and  the  amount  shipped  by  the  northern  route 

TABLE  P. 
Shipments  north  and  south  from  Cincinnati  for  four  years. 


Articles. 

1857-'58. 

1858-'59. 

1859-W 

1860-'61. 

Shipped  south. 

Shipped  north. 

Shipped  south. 

Shipped  north. 

Shipped  south. 

Shipped  north. 

Shipped  south. 

Shipped  north. 

103,565 
30,  446 
1,987 

445,  650 
601,214 
17,225 

17,569 
1,1K2 

3,  707 

544,  570 
270,531 
24,  790 

92,919 
11,341 
23,  640 

335,  3S9 
310,  154 
25,  227 

158,  592 
47,  801 
105,  332 

268,  033 
477,264 
21,947 

Wheat,  Imshels  

It  is  also  to  be  noted,  that  of  the  amount  shipped  south,  as  given  in  the  above  table,  but  a  very 
small  proportion  reached  New  Orleans.  For  instance,  in  the  year  1860,  of  the  478,308  barrels  of  flour 
exported  from  Cincinnati,  only  35,146  barrels  were  shipped  to  New  Orleans,  the  balance  having  been 
shipped  north  or  to  other  ports  on  the  river  between  Cairo  and  New  Orleans. 

It  is  worthy  of  mention,  however,  that,  although  the  export  grain  trade  of  New  Orleans  has  not 
kept  up  with  the  production  of  the  valley  of  the  Mississippi,  the  local  river  trade  greatly  increased  in 
consequence  of  the  extraordinary  demand  by  cotton  and  sugar  planters,  who  were  every  year  becoming 
more  dependent  upon  the  northwestern  States  for  their  supplies  of  breadstuff's. 


THE  GRAIN  TRADE  OF  THE  UPPER  MISSISSIPPI. 

The  grain  trade  of  the  Upper  Mississippi  is  a  very  important  branch  of  northwestern  commerce. 
The  rapid  development  during  the  past  five  years  of  the  resources  of  northern  Iowa  and  Wisconsin, 
and  of  Minnesota,  has  built  up  large  towns  on  the  river,  such  as  McGregor,  Winona,  Hastings,  and 
St.  Paul,  on  the  Mississippi,  and  Stillwater  and  Hudson,  on  the  St.  Croix,  all  of  which  are  depots 
for  the  grain  of  the  surrounding  territory,  which  is  shipped  in  steamboats  and  barges  down  the  Missis 
sippi  river  to  Lacrosse,  Dunleith,  and  Fulton,  where  it  is  transferred  to  railroads  and  shipped  to  Lake 
Michigan  ports.  It  is  estimated  that  during  1863  the  receipts  of  wheat  alone,  for  the  Upper  Missis 
sippi  river,  at  Lake  Michigan  ports,  was  not  less  than  six  millions  of  bushels 

THE  GRAIN  TRADE  OF  CALIFORNIA. 

One  of  the  most  wonderful  features  of  the  grain  trade  is  its  growth  and  development  on  the 
Pacific  coast.  California,  which  but  a  few  years  since  was  entirely  dependent  upon  western  South 
American  ports  for  a  supply  of  breadstuffs,  appears  now  on  the  records  as  a  grain-exporting  State,  and 
almost  every  mail  from  the  Pacific  conveys  intelligence  of  one  or  more  ships,  loaded  with  wheat,  having 
sailed  from  San  Francisco  for  Liverpool  or  London.  Riches,  other  than  gold,  have  been  found  on  the 
so'd,  as  the  excellent  quality  and  heavy  yield  of  California  wheat  and  other  cereals,  fully  attest. 


1  N  T  R  O  I )  U  C  T  ION. 


clix 


The  following  table  shows  the  exports  of  flour  and  grain  from  the  port  of  San  Francisco  to  foreign 
countries  from  the  year  1856  to  1861,  inclusive: 

TABLE  Q. 

Exports  of  grain  and  flour  from  Kan  Francisco  to  foreign  countries. 
(Compiled  from  official  documents.) 


Year  ending  — 

WHEAT. 

FLOUR. 

UYE  MEAL. 

HVE,  OATS,  ETC. 

Bushels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Barrels. 

Dollars. 

Dollars. 

June  ISO,  1856  

33,  088 
35,933 

6,564 
9 
948,220 
2,379,617 

36,748 
64,683 
12,272 
11 
449,  057 
2,550,820 

114,572 
43,  122 
6,683 
22,580 
57,  820 
186,455 

1,070,121 
376,837 
84,086 
236,568 
380,005 
1,001,894 

3,950 

19,750 

91,001 
35,839 
335,880 
646,  5«1 
339,902 
316,299 

1857 

1858 

18f>9 

1860 

18G1 

1862 

1863                     

VINEYARDS  AND  WINE  MAKING  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

In  the  first  settlements  on  this  continent,  the  grape-vines  found  indigenous,  were  esteemed  among 
the  most  valuable  productions.  In  "Force's  Collection  of  Historical  Tracts" — 1620  to  1760 — frequent 
allusion  is  made  by  the  writers  to  our  native  grapes  and,to  the  wine  made  from  them.  According  to 
Sir  John  Hawkins,  wine  was  made  in  Florida  in  1564.  A  vineyard  was  established  in  Virginia  in 
1620,  also  in  1G47.  In  1651  premiums  were  offered  in  Virginia  for  the  production  of  wine.  In  1664 
a  vineyard  was  planted  near  New  York  by  Paul  Richards,  and  in  1683  and  1685  attempts  were  made 
at  Philadelphia,  but  failed.  At  a  later  period  Mr.  Tasker,  of  Maryland,  and  Mr.  Antil,  of  New  Jersey, 
were  more  successful.  These,  however,  were  mere  experiments.  There  is  no  evidence  that  wine  was 
produced  in  any  quantity  worth  naming,  until  the  close  of  the  last  and  the  beginning  of  the  present 
century.  About  this  period  vineyards  were  planted  in  various  parts  of  the  Union,  near  the  cities  of 
New  York  and  Philadelphia;  near  Lexington  and  Glasgow,  Kentucky;  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  Vevay, 
Indiana;  York  and  Harmony,  Pennsylvania;  Baltimore,  Maryland;  and  in  some  parts  of  North  and 
South  Carolina,  Georgia,  and  Virginia.  These  plantings  were  generally  in  small  vineyards  of  one  to 
five  acres,  and,  unfortunately,  most  of  them  with  foreign  grapes,  which,  proving  to  be  unsuited  to  our 
climate,  resulted  in  failures.  Those  who  planted  with  native  grapes  did  better.  In  North  and  South 
Carolina  the  "Scuppernong  wine,"  from  a  native  grape,  soon  became  famous,  and  was  praised  as  a  home 
production  worthy  of  American  patronage. 

At  Vevay,  Indiana,  Dufour  and  his  Swiss  settlers  adopted  the  "Schuylkill  Muscadel,"  a  Pennsyl 
vania  grape,  then  erroneously  called  the  "Cape."  This  grape  was  found  to  suit  the  climate,  and  made 
a  red  wine,  that  soon  acquired  a  fair  reputation,  and  laid  the  foundation  for  wine-growing  in  the  west, 
with  the  better  varieties  that  succeeded  it. 

The  celebrated  traveller,  Volney,  "tasted  wine  made  from  native  grapes  at  Gallipolis,  Ohio,  in 
1796,"  and  Dufour,  in  1799,  "found  a  Frenchman  at  Marietta,  Ohio,  who  made  a4ew  barrels  of  wine 
every  year  from  grapes  collected  in  the  woods,  equal  to  the  wine  made  near  Paris."  Dufour  further 
remarks:  "None  of  the  different  and  numerous  trials  which  were  made  in  several  parts  of  the  United 
States  that  I  visited  in  1794,  were  found  worthy  the  name  of  vineyards."  "I  went  to  see  all  the  vines 
growing  that  I  could  hear  of,  even  as  far  as  Kaskaskia,  on  the  Mississippi,  where  I  was  informed  the 
Jesuits  had  planted  a  vineyard  shortly  after  the  first  settlement  of  the  country,  but  that  the  French 
government  had  ordered  it  to  be  destroyed,  for  fear  that  vine  culture  might  spread  in  America  and 
hurt  the  wine  trade  of  France."  "I  found  only  the  spot  where  that  vineyard  had  been  planted,  in  a 
well-selected  place  on  the  side  of  a  hill,  under  a  cliff  to  the  northeast  of  the  town.  No  good  grapes 
were  found  there  or  in  any  gardens  of  the  country." 


clx  INTRODUCTION. 

Dr.  Daniel  Drake,  in  an  address  on  "  The  Early  Physicians,  Scenery,  and  Society  of  Cincinnati," 
states  that  "  Third  street,  running  near  the  brow  of  the  upper  plain,  was  on  as  high  a  level  as  Fifth 
street  is  now.  The  gravelly  slope  of  that  plain  stretched  almost  to  Pearl  street.  On  this  slope,  be 
tween  Main  and  Walnut,  a  French  Political  exile,  M.  Mennesieur,  planted,  in  the  latter  part  of  the  last 
century,  a  small  vineyard.  This  was  the  beginning  of  that  cultivation  for  which  the  environs  of  that 
city  have  since  become  so  distinguished.  I  suppose  this  was  the  first  vineyard  cultivation  in  the  valley 
of  the  Ohio."  The  well-known  naturalist,  F.  A.  Michaux,  in  his  travels  through  the  United  States  in 
1802,  "visited  the  vineyard  near  Lexington  and  found  but  one  variety  of  grape — a  native,  doing  well, 
the  foreign  mildewed."  The  foregoing  extracts  afford  a  fair  sample  of  the  pioneer  efforts  in  vineyard 
culture  in  the  west ;  they  were  much  like  those  in  the  east,  and  wherever  foreign  vines  were  planted 
disappointment  and  loss  resulted.  In  the  south,  owing  to  its  genial  climate,  the  experiments  were  more 
successful,  but  most  so  with  native  vines.  In  1812  I  was  first  cheered  by  the  sight  of  a  vineyard.  It 
was  on  the  south  side  of  a  hill  at  Rapp's  German  settlement  of  Harmony,  in  Butler  county,  Pennsyl 
vania.  The  grapes  planted  were  principally  native  varieties,  the  most  of  them  "  Schuylkill."  Five 
years  later  I  visited  the  vineyard  of  the  Swiss  colony,  at  Vevay,  Indiana,  where  the  same  grape  was 
the  favorite.  At  the  former  the  vines  were  planted  in  1808,  at  the  latter  in  1806.  The  product  was 
a  red  wine,  resembling  claret,  but  rather  too  harsh  for  the  American  palate.  Still  it  was  received  with 
favor  as  a  home  production,  giving  promise  of  great  results  in  the  future. 

I  now  come  to  a  period  when  the  second  class  of  pioneers  in  this  cultivation  were  more  fortunate 
than  their  predecessors,  and,  with  other  grapes,  produced  better  wines.  About  the  year  1820  Major 
John  Adlum,  of  Georgetown,  D.  C.,  first  brought  the  Catawba  into  notice  as  a  wine  grape,  and  Thomas 
McCall,  of  Georgia,  Mr.  Herbemont,  and  other  gentlemen  of  the  south,  the  Warren,  Herbemont,  Madeiraj 
and  other  varieties  which  have  since  proved  so  valuable. 

To  Major  Adlum  belongs  the  honor  of  introducing  the  Catawba,  and  so  high  was  his  appreciation 
of  this  grape  that  he  wrote  to  Mr.  Longworth,  of  Cincinnati,  that  he  believed  he  had  conferred  a  greater 
favor  on  his  country  than  if  he  had  paid  off  the  national  debt ;  in  which,  after  a  trial  of  the  grape  for 
wine.  Mr.  Longworth  agreed  with  him. 

The  memory  of  the  late  Nicholas  Longworth,  of  Cincinnati,  will  ever  be  held  in  the  highest  esteem 
by  the  wine-growers  of  our  country,  as  he  was  the  father  of  successful  vine  culture  in  the  west.  By 
a  large  expenditure  in  money  in  his  various  experiments  with  both  foreign  and  native  grapes,  during  a 
period  of  forty-three  years,  he  at  last  succeeded  in  producing  sparkling  and  still  wines  highly  creditable 
to  himself  and  the  country,  and  the  practical  knowledge  he  acquired  from  year  to  year  was  liberally 
made  known  through  the  public  prints  for  the  benefit  of  all. 

The  late  John  J.  Dufour,  of  Vevay,  Indiana,  is  also  entitled  to  the  grateful  remembrance  of  the 
people  of  the  United  States  for  his  early  and  persevering  efforts  in  the  cultivation  of  the  vine  in  this 
country  of  his  adoption.  For  thirty  years  succeeding  the  introduction  of  the  Catawba  grape,  the  large  emi 
gration  of  Germans  into  the  Ohio  valley,  many  of  them  from  the  wine  districts  on  the  Rhine,  furnished 
practiced  and  willing  vine-dressers,  who  were  glad  to  have  the  opportunity  of  trying  their  skill  in  this 
new  country  with  a  grape  so  promising.  Numerous  vineyards  were  planted  in  the  western  States,  in 
localities  supposed^)  be  favorable,  especially  in  the  vicinity  of  Cincinnati,  and  in  1850  Catawba  wine, 
produced  in^mTndreds  of  thousands  of  gallons,  had  acquired  a  high  reputation  as  a  rival  of  Rhenish  wine, 
and  became  an  article  of  export  to  our  eastern  cities.  The  cultivation  had  spread  over  all  the  western 
and  southwestern  States,  and  we  thought  then,  as  we  do  now,  that  wine-growing  would  eventually  be 
ranked  amongst  our  most  important  agricultural  interests.  This  the  next  generation  may  possibly  realize. 

Vineyard  culture  in  the  United  States  may  now  be  considered  as  fairly  established.  Wine  is  made 
in  thirty  of  the  thirty-four  States  of  the  Union,  of  different  qualities  of  course,  and  with  varied  success. 
As  to  its  future  production  in  quantity,  I  should  name,  first,  California ;  second,  the  mountainous  dis 
tricts  of  the  southern  States,  as  most  favorable  on  account  of  the  climate ;  third,  the  Ohio  and  Missis 
sippi  valleys ;  fourth,  the  middle  States ;  and  last,  the  eastern.  As  to  quality,  the  best  samples  have 


INTRODUCTION.  clxi 

been  found  in  Georgia  and  the  Ohio  valley.  The  impression  is,  that  in  the  middle  and  eastern  States 
the  climate  is  too  cold  to  elaborate  sufficient  saccharine  matter  in  the  grape  to  make  a  wine  that 
will  keep  without  the  addition  of  sugar.  But  this  may  prove  a  mistake — new  varieties  may  yet  be 
produced  to  suit  each  section  of  our  country  where  the  grape  is  grown.  They  are  now  numbered  by 
hundreds,  and  new  hybrids  are  annually  added  to  the  lists.  After  all  our  experience  during  the  last 
seventy  years,  vine  culture  in  the  United  States  is  but  yet  in  its  infancy,  and  we  have  much  to  learn. 
The  few  millions  of  gallons  which  we  produce  annually,  are  as  nothing  when  compared  to  the  nine  hun 
dred  millions  of  France,  or  the  three  thousand  millions  of  all  Europe.  The  vineyards  of  Europe  are 
estimated  at  twelve  millions  of  acres.  We  have  far  more  grape  territory  than  that  in  the  United 
States;  but  our  climate,  with  the  exception  of  California,  is  less  equable.  In  California  alone.it  is 
stated,  there  are  five  millions  of  acres  well  adapted  to  grape  culture.  Here  is  something  to  reflect 
upon,  and  to  give  hope  fur  the  future. 

CULTIVATION. 

Vineyards  are  usually  planted  on  hills,  or  rolling  uplands;  such  positions  are  chosen  on  account  of 
the  natural  drainage,  which  is  considered  essential.  Porous  soils  are  preferred  to  stiff  clay,  or  such  as 
are  retentive  of  water.  No  trees  should  be  permitted  to  grow  within  one  hundred  feet  of  the  vine 
yard,  nor  should  any  crop  be  cultivated  in  it,  as  the  vine  is  a  seHish  plant,  and  demands  all  the  ground 
for  its  own  use.  The  ground  is  prepared  for  planting  by  trenching  with  the  spade  two  feet  deep,  or  by 
breaking  up  with  a  subsoil  and  common  plough  18  or  20  inches  ;  the  latter  is  much  the  cheapest,  and 
always  adopted  where  the  situation  of  the  vineyard  permits.  In  planting  the  vines,  the  distance  apart 
in  the  rows  appears  to  vary  in  different  localities.  Around  Cincinnati  and  in  the  Ohio  valley,  3  by  6 
is  the  usual  distance;  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Erie,  6  by  8,  and- 8  by  8;  and  in  California,  8  by  10  is 
recommended  as  the  proper  distance.  The  object  in  this  country,  where  labor  is  dear,  is  to  cultivate 
with  the  plough  where  it  can  be  used,  and  to  avoid  the  spade,  which  is  expensive.  Vineyard-planting 
is  a  system  of  dwarfing  the  vine,  but  with  our  long-jointed  and  rampant-growing  native  vines  it  may  be 
an  error  to  plant  too  close,  or  to  prune  too  severely.  '  Our  European  vine-dressers,  accustomed  to  short- 
jointed  vines,  naturally  fall  into  that  error  here,  but  they  are  now  correcting  it. 

The  method  of  training  also  varies  with  localities.  In  the  Ohio  valley  and  the  southern  States 
the  single  stake  to  each  vine,  and  the  bow  system,  is  adopted.  On  the  lake  shore,  and  in  California, 
the  trellis  is  used,  the  vines  being  trained  on  it  horizontally. 

The  estimated  average  annual  yield  of  good  vineyards  in  the  west  is  about  that  of  France — 200 
gallons  to  the  acre.  In  the  south  they  claim  500,  and  in  California  800 ;  these  latter  I  consider  too 
high.  A  bushel  of  grapes — fifty  pounds — will  make  three  and  a  half  gallons  of  good  wine,  and  a  half 
gallon  inferior.  In  a  mere  sketch  like  this  article,  it  is  only  intended  to  impart  general  information  on 
the  subject  of  which  it  treats ;  the  reader  is  therefore  referred  for  special  directions  as  to  setting 
out  the  vines,  spring  and  summer  prunings,  cultivating  the  ground,  and  securing  the  crop,  to  the  several 
treatises  on  grape-culture  and  wine-making  recently  published.  But  I  may  remark,  in  brief,  that  a  free 
exposure  to  the  wind,  with  the  bunches  of  grapes  sheltered  from  the  hot  sun  by  the  leaves  of  the  vine, 
tying  neatly  to  the  stake  or  trellis,  a  judicious  shortening  in  of  superfluous  branches,  and  the  keeping 
the  ground  cultivated  and  free  from  weeds,  is  considered  essential. 

Disease,  insects,  and  frost. — The  grape,  like  other  fruits,  has  its  enemies.  The  most  destructive 
of  these  is  the  mildew  or  rot.  Was  it  not  for  this  disease  the  Catawba  would  be  immensely  profitable; 
but  of  late  years,  in  the  Ohio  valley,  it  has  destroyed  from  one-fifth  to  four-fifths  of  the  crop  in  many 
vineyards,  and  discouraged  some  persons  from  planting  that  fine  grape.  A  sudden  change  of  weather 
from  hot  to  cold  when  the  vine  is  in  rapid  growth,  and  the  seed  in  the  berries  about  hardening,  is  sure 
to  produce  rot.  A  free  under-drainage — either  natural  or  artificial — and  a  full  exposure  to  the  wind, 
will  in  part  prevent  it.  No  system  of  pruning  or  cultivation  has  yet  proved  a  sufficient  remedy  in  vine 
yards.  Vines  trained  against  the  side  of  a  house,  and  under  cover  of  the  eaves,  seldom,  if  ever,  rot. 
The  disease  probably  results  from  atmosphoric  causes,  as  the  rust  in  wheat. 
21 


clxii  INTRODUCTION. 

Insects  have  not  as  yet  been  found  very  injurious,  but  the  careful  vine-dresser  will  watch  closely, 
and  permit  none  to  get  colonized  in  his  vineyard.  The  frost  in  some  localities  kills  the  young  shoots 
of  the  vine  in  April,  or  early  in  May,  but  the  twin  or  latent  bud  will  put  out,  and  yield  about  half  a 
crop.  To  prevent  serious  injury  by  hail,  let  the  bunches  of  grapes  be  well  sheltered  by  the  leaves  of 
the  vine,  which  will  also  prove  a  protection  from  the  hot  sun. 

VARIETIES  OF  GRAPES  FOR  THE  VINEYARD. 

These  are  now  quite  numerous,  and  every  year  adds  more  to  the  list.  It  will  only  be  necessary 
to  name  a  few  of  the  most  popular  varieties,  and — 

1.  Catawba. — Nine-tenths  of  all  our  vineyards  in  the  west  and  southwest  are  planted  with  this 
fine  grape.     With  all  its  liability  to  rot,  it  continues  a  favorite. 

2.  Delaware. — This  hardy  and  delicious  table  grape  promises  to  rival  the  Catawba  for  wine.     It 
is  becoming  popular  with  some  of  our  best  cultivators.     The  wine  is  light  and  delicate,  and  preferred 
to  the  Catawba  by  many  good  judges.     The  Delaware  is  less  subject  to  rot  than  that  variety. 

3.  Herbemont  makes  an  excellent  wine,  but  the  vine  is  not  hardy  enough  to  be  much  planted. 

4.  Norton  s  Seedling. — A  hardy,  free-growing  vine,  but  little  affected  by  rot,  makes  a  rich  red  wine 
like  Burgundy,  and  is  becoming  quite  popular. 

5.  Schuylkill. — This  old  favorite  of  sixty  years  ago  is  now  but  little  planted.    The  wine  resembles 
claret  when  well  made,  but  the  vine  bears  light  crops.     It  is  almost  free  from  rot. 

6.  Isabella. — Another  favorite  of  former  years  that  is  now  but  little  cultivated  for  wine.     It  is 
deficient  in  saccharine  matter  to  make  still  wine  that  will  keep  without  adding  sugar  to  the  must  or 
juice;  but  the  sparkling  wine  from  it  is  delicious. 

The  Concord,  Hartford  Prolific,  and  some  of  Rogers's  hybrids,  appear  to  suit  our  climate,  and  to  be 
free  from  disease,  but  are  not  yet  fairly  tested  for  wine.  Grapes  of  recent  introduction  in  high  credit 
for  northern  cultivation  are  the  lona,  and  Adirondack,  natives  of  the  State  of  New  York,  and  the 
Creveling,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  In  the  south,  in  addition  to  the  Catawba,  the  Warren  is  largely 
cultivated,  and  the  Scuppernong  still  holds  the  favorable  reputation  it  acquired  sixty  years  ago.  Other 
varieties  are  being  tested  which  it  is  unnecessary  to  enumerate  here.  The  varieties  in  the  vineyards  of 
.  California  arc  said  to  be  foreign  or  of  foreign  origin.  I  have  no  means  of  describing  or  even  naming  them. 

WINE-MAKING. 

This  process  is  as  simple  as  making  cider.  The  bunches  of  well-ripened,  selected  grapes,  are 
mashed  by  passing  through  a  pair  of  wooden  rollers  in  a  small  grape-mill,  or  by  a  beetle  in  a  barrel; 
then  poured  into  the  press  and  the  juice  extracted.  This  "must,"'  as  it  is  termed,  is  put  into  a 
clean  cask  to  ferment.  A  few  inches  of  space  is  left  to  allow  room  for  fermentation,  and  a  tin  siphon 
is  placed  tight  in  the  bung-hole,  with  one  end  in  a  bucket  of  water,  through  which  the  carbonic  acid 
gas  escapes,  thus  preventing  a  contact  with  the  air  from  injuring  the  new  wine.  In  ten  days  or  two 
weeks  the  fermentation  ceases ;  then  fill  up  the  casks  and  drive  the  bungs  tight.  In  March  rack  off 
the  wine  into  clean  casks.  A  second  but  slight  fermentation  will  take  place  in  May,  when  the  bungs 
should  be  loosened  until  it  subsides ;  then  fill  up  the  casks  and  tighten  the  bungs.  The  wine  is  now 
made,  and  in  autumn  will  be  fit  to  bottle.  The  only  art  in  preserving  the  wine  sound  is  to  keep  it 
free  from  the  air  by  filling  up  the  casks  and  tightening  the  bungs  every  two  or  three  weeks.  So 
important  is  this,  that  in  Europe  they  have  a  quaint  proverb :  "A  man  might  as  well  forget  to  kiss  his 
wife  on  coming  home,  as  to  leave  a  vacancy  in  his  wine-cask,"  implying  that  the  omission  would  turn 
both  sour. 

From  the  refuse  grapes,  and  the  last  pressing  of  the  good  ones,  an  inferior  wine  is  made  by  the 
addition  of  sugar,  and  sold  at  half  price.  The  lees  of  the  wine  and  the  pomace  of  the  grapes  are  dis 
tilled  for  brandy,  which,  in  three  or  four  years,  compares  favorably  with  foreign. 

The  pride  of  the  wine-grower  is  to  make  a  good  natural  wine  from  the  pure  juice  of  the  grape, 
without  the  artificial  appliances  of  sugar  or  spirits.  And,  if  this  "  must"  or  juice  weighs  over  80°  (or 
1.080)  by  the  areometer  or  saccharine-scale,  it  will  do  so ;  if  not,  then  loaf  sugar,  dissolved  in  water, 


INTRODUCTION.  clxiii 

must  be  added  before  fermentation.  Catawba  "  must"  averages  86°;  Isabella,  72°.  This  is  the  product 
of  the  wine  farmer  who  only  makes  "still  wines." 

Sparkling  wines  are  made  by  the  wine  merchant  or  vintner,  who  purchases  the  new  wine  before 
its  second  fermentation,  fines  and  bottles  it,  and,  by  placing  it  in  deep,  arched  sub-cellars,  usually 
twenty-five  feet  under  ground,  and  letting  it  remain  there  from  fifteen  to  eighteen  months,  is  enabled 
to  prepare  it  for  market,  with  the  fermentating  principle  so  subdued  as  not  to  endanger  the  bursting  of 
the  bottle.  Sirup  of  rock-candy  is  added  to  sweeten  it,  and  sometimes  a  spoonful  of  brandy  to  each 
bottle,  to  strengthen  it.  To  make  this  wine  right  and  profitably  requires  a  large  capital,  and  liberal 
outlays  in  preparation.  This  showy  and  popular  wine  sells  for  about  double  the  price  of  still  wines. 
The  great  art  in  making  good  wine  is  to  have  the  grapes  well  ripened,  and  all  unripe  or  imperfect 
berries  picked  from  the  bunch  before  pressing.  The  press,  casks,  and  vessels  should  be  perfectly 
clean.  Then,  with  a  good  cellar,  and  the  casks  kept  bung-full  and  tight,  there  is  no  danger.  The 
grapes  are  not  stemmed,  the  tannin  in  the  stems  being  useful  in  clearing  the  wine. 

To  the  foregoing  views  of  Mr.  Buchanan,  we  add  the  following  statement  of  ex-Governor  Downey, 
of  California,  on  the  culture  of  the  vine  in  that  State : 

"  In  the  tier  of  counties  extending  south  from  Santa  Cruz  to  the  Mexican  boundary  the  grain  crop 
is  precarious,  the  seasons  being  uncertain,  and  the  wheat  subject  to  rust.  Stock-raising  and  the  culture 
of  the  vine  are  the  chief  employment  of  the  husbandman.  The  number  of  vines  now  bearing  in  this 
State  is  about  4.500,000,  and,  if  well  attended,  these  will  yield  4,500,000  gallons  of  wine;  the  capacity 
of  our  State  for  this  product  is  beyond  conception.  The  counties  of  Los  Angeles  and  San  Bernardino 
have  now  2,000,000  vines;  with  increased  supply  of  water  for  irrigation,  they  could  be  increased 
to  30,000,000.  The  grape  generally  cultivated,  and  as  yet  the  best  adapted,  is  that  introduced  by  the 
Catholic  missions.  It  is  the  same  that  is  in  general  use  in  Spain,  Madeira,  and  the  Canary  Islands, 
from  which  springs  Xercz,  or  Sherry,  and  Madeira,  or  Teneriffe,  altered  somewhat  by  the  change  of 
climate  and  soil.  There  is  less  change  in  the  process  of  wine  making  than  in  any  other  branch  of 
modern  agriculture,  the  same  old  process  used  hundreds  of  years  since  being  yet  followed  by  many, 
with  as  much  advantage  as  by  any  modern  innovation  ;  and  it  is  as  simple  as  by  a  cider-mill  and  press. 
Our  vines,  up  to  the  present,  are  free  from  disease.  The  average  yield  of  a  well-attended  vineyard  is 
1,000  gallons  to  the  acre,  and  the  vine  will  bear  vigorously  until  it  reaches  sixty  years  of  age.  One 
hundred  acres  of  vineyard  can  be  planted,  the  ground  prepared,  and  attended  with  as  little  cost  as 
the  same  extent  of  land  planted  in  tobacco:  deep  ploughing  once  or  twice,  harrowing,  and  laying 
off  the  rows  six  feet  apart  each  way.  The  cuttings  are  about  two  feet  long,  planted  with  aid  of  a  crow 
bar,  and  from  four  to  six  inches  lefl  above  the  surface.  The  third  year  will  produce,  and  at  the  age  of 
six  years,  produce  profitably.  The  first  year  we  irrigate  frequently,  in  order  to  assist  the  rooting  of 
the  vine,  and  thereafter  once  or  twice  annually,  according  to  the  soil  or  relative  moisture.  I  am 
induced  to  make  these  lengthy  observations  on  the  simplicity  of  vine  culture  from  the  fact  that  many 
are  led  to  believe,  from  the  dissertations  and  reports  of  agricultural  societies,  that  the  work  of  planting 
a  vineyard  on  anything  like  a  large  scale  must  be  a  Herculean  task.  They  suggest  deep  spading, 
(three  feet,)  and  various  composts,  and  a  thousand  and  one  fertilizers  as  adjuncts,  which  may,  in  their 
localities  be  necessary,  but  surely  not  in  California,  and  it  is  very  doubtful  if  they  are  in  the  vine  region 
on  the  Atlantic  side  of  the  continent.  Our  process  of  irrigating  is  a  never-failing  source  of  fertility  ; 
the  salts  and  earthy  matter  held  in  partial  solution  in  running  streams,  stimulate  and  enrich  the  soil, 
and  destroy,  in  a  great  measure,  all  insects  and  larvae.  It  is  this  natural  irrigation  of  the  valley  of  the 
Nile  that  has  made  it  yield  its  successive  crops,  from  the  remotest  antiquity,  without  exhaustion.  In 
this  connexion,  I  would  suggest  to  our  farmers  and  gardners  in  the  older  States,  that,  when  practicable, 
they  should  have  one  field  at  least  that  could  be  irrigated." 


clxiv  INTRODUCTION. 


INFLUENCE   OF   RAILROADS   UPON   AGRICULTURE. 

The  first  impression  made  on  the  popular  mind  by  any  great  improvement  in  machinery  or  loco 
motion,  after  the  admission  of  their  beneficial  effect,  is  that  they  will,  in  some  way  or  other,  diminish 
the  demand  for  labor  or  for  other  machinery.  Hence  it  was  that  in  Europe  the  introduction  of  printing 
was  denounced  on  account  of  its  supposed  tendency  to  diminish  the  employment  of  writers  or  copyists, 
and  the  associations  of  individuals  against  its  employment,  similar  to  the  opposition  subsequently  mani 
fested  to  the  use  of  labor-saving  machinery  in  manufactures.  It  was  long  before  this  prejudice  could 
be  overthrown,  but  the  subject  is  now  much  better  understood.  It  is  now  established,  as  a  general 
principle,  that  machines  facilitating  labor  increase  the  amount  of  labor  required.  This  is  done  chiefly 
by  cheapening  the  products  of  labor  so  that  more  can  be  consumed,  and  ultimately  more  labor  employed. 
The  introduction  of  cotton  and  wool  machinery  was  followed  by  outbreaks  of  workmen  against  ma 
chinery  ;  yet  nothing  is  more  certain  than  that  hundreds  of  thousands  of  men  and  women  are  employed 
in  the  manufacture  of  cotton  who  would  not  have  been  if  machinery  had  not  cheapened  cotton  cloth  so 
that  it  could  be  introduced  into  general  use.  So  it  might  be  assumed  that  the  introduction  of  sewing- 
machines  would  at  once  throw  many  sewing  women  out  of  employment ;  but  such  is  not  the  fact.  Many 
more  sewing  women  are  now  employed  than  there  were  before  the  sewing-machine  was  introduced. 
In  the  same  way  the  influence  of  railroads  was  at  first  very  much  misconceived  ;  even  among  civil 
engineers  the  vast  power  of  steam  and  of  cohesion  on  the  tracks  were  not  understood.  On  the  com 
pletion  of  the  Liverpool  and  Manchester  railway,  some  of  the  ablest  engineers  laid  it  down  as  a  settled 
principle  that  railroads  would  not  be  able  to  carry  heavy  freights,  and  their  business  must  be  confined 
to  the  carriage  of  passengers.  It  was  also  considered  impracticable  to  ascend  over  fifty  feet  per  mile 
with  ordinary  locomotives;  as  a  consequence  of  this  theory  inclined  planes  were  for  several  years  made 
wherever  the  grade  was  over  fifty  feet.  If  this  practice  had  continued,  it  must  obviously  have  proved  a 
great  obstruction  to  the  carriage  of  heavy  freight.  Time  and  inventive  genius  have  happily  overcome 
all  these  difficulties;  but  still,  in  this,  as  in  other  cases,  there  was  an  idea  that  the  transportation  of 
agricultural  products  would  result  in  diminishing  the  number  of  horses,  wagoners,  and  steamboats.  In 
deed,  this  would  seem  a  natural,  if  not  a  necessary,  effect  of  transporting  immense  quantities  of  agri 
cultural  produce  by  a  machinery  which  did  not  before  exist.  The  result,  however,  proves  precisely  the 
contrary.  Horses  have  multiplied  more  rapidly  since  the  introduction  of  locomotives  than  they  did 
before  ;  and  even  steamboats,  on  such  rivers  as  the  Ohio  and  the  Mississippi,  where  the  recently  con 
structed  railroads  have  been  in  direct  competition  with  them,  have  continued  to  increase  almost  without 
interruption.  Before  we  look  at  the  general  results  of  railroads  on  the  agricultural  interests,  we  will 
glance  at  their  incidental  connexion  with  the  other  means  of  transportation.  Take,  for  example,  the 
increase  of  horses  in  connexion  with  the  increase  of  railroads. 

The  following  is  the  number  and  increase  of  horses  in  the  last  twenty  years,  including  mules  and  asses : 

No.  of  horses.  Increase. 

In  1840 4,335,669 

In  1850 *4, 896,050  12  per  cent. 

In  1860 *7,400,322  51  per  cent. 

Three-fourths  of  all  the  miles  of  railroad  have  been  made  since  1850;  and  we  see  that  since  then 
the  increase  of  horses  has  been  the  greatest.  If  we  pursue  this  inquiry  a  little  further,  we  shall  find 
that  horses  have  increased  the  most  in  those  States  in  which  the  greatest  extent  of  railroads  has  been 
made  since  1850.  Take,  for  example,  the  number  of  horses  employed  in  agriculture  and  for  other 
purposes  in  the  five  great  States  of  the  west: 


0  Exclusive  of  1,185,514  uot  employed  in  agriculture. 


INTRODUCTION.  clxv 

Number  of  horses  employed  in  agriculture  and  for  other  purposes  in  the  five  great  Stales  of  the  wst : 


States. 

1850. 

1860. 

Increase,  per  cent. 

Ohio  

466,820 

753,  881 

61 

320,898 

592,  069 

84 

278,  626 

724,138 

160 

58,576 

167,999 

186 

30,335 

145,584 

380 

1,155,255 

2,383,671 

106 

• 

In  these  five  States  there  have  been  constructed  since  1850  nearly  nine  thousand  miles  of  railroad; 
and  yet  there  we  find  this  extraordinary  increase  in  the  number  of  horses.  We  do  not  present  this  as 
evidence  that  the  construction  of  railroads  necessarily  augments  the  demand  therefor,  and  therefore 
increases  the  number  of  horses,  although  we  have  no  doubt  that  such  is  the  case ;  but  simply  to  show 
that  railroads  have  not  diminished  one  of  the  great  elements  in  competing  means  of  transportation.  It 
must  be  recollected  that  only  forty  years  ago  the  only  means  of  transporting  goods  and  products  between 
the  eastern  and  western  .States  was  by  wagons,  and  that  the  business  of  transportation  in  this  way  was 
as  much  a  business,  on  relatively  as  large  a  scale,  as  that  of  transportation  by  canal  and  railway  is  now. 
The  first  great  change  in  this  mode  of  transportation  was  by  the  New  York  and  Pennsylvania  canal ; 
but  the  whole  business  of  the  canals  in  the  first  years  of  their  introduction  was  small  in  comparison  \vii  h 
that  of  the  railroads  now.  Hence  it  seemed  that  railroads  must  diminish  the  number  and  importance 
of  horses,  but  such  was  not  the  fact ;  and  we  shall  see  in  this,  as  in  the  ease  of  all  animals,  that  rail 
roads  tend  to  increase  their  number  and  value.  This  is  now  an  established  principle,  which  we  sh;ill 
illustrate  in  regard  to  other  domestic  animals. 

Although  but  slightly  connected  with  the  interests  of  agriculture,  we  may  here  state  another  fact, 
that  since  the  introduction  of  railroads,  the  building  and  employment  of  stcunboats  on  our  interior 
rivers  have  also  increased  largely,  so  that,  even  where  railroads  have  competed  directly  with  them,  the 
steamboat  interest  has  continued  to  increase  in  value  and  importance.  This  has  not  been  always,  we 
admit,  in  direct  proportion  to  the  growth  of  the  country,  but  enough  to  show  that,  even  where  competi 
tion  was  greatest,  this  interest  has  not  been  injuriously  affected.  More  than  double  the  number  of 
steamers  were  built  on  the  waters  of  the  interior  west  in  1861  than  were  in  1850. 

We  advance  these  facts,  not  so  much  to  show  the  direct  and  positive  influence  of  railroads  on  agri 
culture,  as  to  show  that  there  is  no  interest  of  agriculture  and  commerce  that  railroads  have  injured, 
even,  when  upon  the  most  plausible  theories,  such  results  were  anticipated. 

We  now  proceed  to  show  the  positive  advantages  which  all  departments  of  agriculture  have 
derived  from  the  construction  of  railroads.  So  great  are  their  benefits  that,  if  the  entire  cost  of 
railroads  between  the  Atlantic  and  western  States  had  been  levied  on  the  farmers  of  the  central 
west^  their  proprietors  could  have  paid  it  and  been  immensely  the  gainers.  This  proposition  will  be 
come  evident  if  we  look  at  the  modes  in  which  railroads  have  been  beneficial,  especially  in  the  grain- 
growing  States.  These  modes  are,  first,  in  doing  what  could  not  have  been  effected  without  them  ; 
second,  in  securing  to  the  producer  very  nearly  the  prices  of  the  Atlantic  markets,  which  is  greatly  in 
advance  of  what  could  have  been  had  on  his  farm;  and,  third,  by  thus  enabling  the  producer  to  dispose 
of  his  products  at  the  best  prices  at  all  times,  and  to  increase  rapidly  both  the  settlement  and  the 
annual  production  of  the  interior  States.  A  moment's  reference  to  the  statistics  of  internal  commerce 
will  illustrate  these  effects  so  that  we  can  see  the  vast  results  which  railroads  have  produced  on  the 
wealth  and  production  of  the  country. 

1.  If  we  examine  the  routes  and  tonnage  of  the  trade  between  the  Atlantic  cities  and  the  central 
western  States,  we  shall  find  some  general  results  which  will  prove  the  utter  incapacity  of  all  other 
modes  of  conveyance  to  carry  on  that  trade  without  the  aid  of  railroads.  Between  Lake  Erie  on  one 


clxvi  INTRODUCTION. 

side  and  the  Potomac  on  the  other,  the  commerce  between  the  east  and  west  is  altogether  carried  on 
by  way  of  several  great  arteries,  which  are  these,  viz:  the  Erie  canal,  the  Oswego  canal,  theChamplain 
canal,  the  Central  railroad,  the  Erie  railroad,  the  Pennsylvania  railroad,  and  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
railroad.  There  are  no  other  great  channels  of  conveyance  between  the  east  and  the  west,  and  in  fact 
no  other  routes  appear  practicable.  However  large  an  amount  of  product  or  merchandise  may  be  carried 
by  the  lakes,  it  must  be  shipped  to  or  from  Buffalo,  Oswego,  or  Ogdensburg.  However  multiplied 
may  be  the  routes  by  rail  or  canal,  by  which  products  may  arrive  at  Buffalo,  Pittsburg,  Wheeling,  or 
Parkcrsburg,  all  the  freights  carried  over  them  going  east  must  pass  over  these  great  routes.  We 
have,  therefore,  the  means  of  determining  accurately  the  relative  transportation  by  different  routes  and 
modes.  The  different  modes  are  all  reduced  to  two — canals  and  railroads.  The  proportion  of  tonnage 
on  these  several  lines  of  conveyance,  as  reported  in  1862,  was  as  follows: 

CANALS. 

Tons. 

Erie  canal 2,  500,  762 

Oswego  canal 852,  920 

Champlain  canal 650,  000 

Aggregate 4,  003,  682 


But,  we  must  observe  that  the  Oswego  canal  joins  to  the  Erie  canal,  and  its  tonnage,  arriving  at 
or  leaving  Albany,  is  included  in  that  of  the  Erie  canal.  In  fact,  the  tonnage  of  the  canals,  which  is 
counted  at  Albany,  is  only  that  of  the  Erie  and  the  Champlain,  and  of  the  latter  but  a  small  portion 
goes  to  or  from  the  west.  We  have  at  the  utmost,  then,  the  carriage  on  canals  between  the  Atlantic 
cities  and  the  west  of  3,150,000  tons. 

RAILROADS. 

Tons  in  18fi2. 

Pennsylvania  railroad 1,  792,  064 

Erie  railroad 1,  632,  955 

New  York  Cer  ral  railroad 1,  387,  433 

Baltimore  and  Ohio  (estimated) 1,  200,  000 

Aggregate  tonnage  of  these  lines 6,018,  452 


We  observe  that  in  1862  the  tonnage  of  the  six  great  arterial  lines  of  transportation  between  the 
east  and  west  amounted  to  over  nine  millions  of  tons,  of  which  only  one-third  were  carried  by  water. 
We  must  recollect  that  this  was  the  case  when  the  Erie  canal  of  New  York  had  been  enlarged  and 
refitted  with  the  express  purpose  of  transporting  the  products  of  the  west,  and  was  supplied  with 
five  thousand  canal-boats.  It  is  evident,  therefore,  that  railroads  not  only  carry  two-thirds  of  the 
freights  to  and  from  the  west  at  the  present  time,  but  that  such  is  the  rapid  increase  of  western  pro 
ducts,  and  the  surplus  carried  to  Atlantic  or  foreign  markets,  that  the  time  is  near  when  all  that  can  be 
carried  by  water  will  be  but  a  small  proportion  of  the  whole.  The  transportation  by  wagons  is  no 
longer  possible  to  carry  the  surplus  products  of  the  interior  States  to  either  foreign  or  domestic  markets. 
In  fine,  in  the  absence  of  railways  the  cultivation  of  grain  beyond  the  immediate  wants  of  the  people 
must  cease,  or  the  surplus  perish  in  the  fields.  Such  was  exactly  the  state  of  things  rn  the  west 
before  the  general  introduction  of  railroads.  The  great  grain-fields  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  and 
beyond  the  Mississippi,  have  been  mainly  cultivated  because  railroads  made  their  products  marketable 
and  profitable.  In  one  word,  railroads  did  what  could  not  have  been  done  without  them. 

2.  Railroads  secured  to  the  producer  very  nearly  the  prices  of  the  Atlantic  markets,  which  was 
greatly  in  advance  of  any  price  which  could  possibly  be  obtained  in  western  markets.  It  might  be 
s-upposed  that  if  the  carriage  of  a  bushel  of  grain  from  Sandusky  to  New  York  was  reduced  from  forty 
cents  a  bushel  to  twenty  cents,  the  gain  of  twenty  cents  would  inure,  in  part  at  least,  to  the  consumer; 
but  experience  shows  this  is  not  the  fact.  This  gain  of  twenty  cents  inures  to  the  producer.  In  proof 


INTRODUCTION.  clxvii 

of  this  it  will  be  sufficient  to  adduce  two  or  three  well-known  facts.  The  prices  of  flour  and  meat  at 
New  York  (estimating  them  at  the  gold  standard)  have  not  been  reduced  in  the  least,  notwithstanding 
the  immense  quantities  of  the  products  of  grain  imported  into  that  city.  On  the  other  hand,  the  prices 
at  Cincinnati,  on  the  Ohio,  have  doubled,  and  in  some  articles,  such  as  pork,  have  trebled.  The  great 
bulk  of  the  gain  caused  by  the  cheapness  of  transportation  has  gone  to  the  producer.  This  depends 
on  a  general  principle,  which  must  continue  to  operate  for  many  years.  The  older  a  country  is,  the 
more  civic  and  the  less  rural  it  becomes ;  that  is,  the  greater  will  be  the  demand  for  food,  and  the  less 
the  production  The  competition  of  the  consumer  for  food  is  greater  than  that  of  the  producer  for 
price.  Hence  it  is  that  Europe,  an  old  country,  filled  with  cities,  makes  a  continual  demand  on  this 
country  i'or  food.  Hence  it  is  that  New  England  and  New  York,  continually  filling  up  with  manu 
facturers,  artisans,  and  cities,  must  be  supplied  with  increased  quantities  of  food  from  the  interior 
west ;  and  hence,  while  this  is  the  case,  prices  cannot  fall  in  the  great  markets.  Hence  it  is  that  the 
cheapening  of  transportation  inures  to  the  benefit  of  the  agricultural  producer.  New  England  consumes 
more  than  a  million  barrels  of  western  flour.  The  transportation  is  cheapened  a  dollar  per  barrel . 
and  thus,  in  New  England  alone,  in  the  single  item  of  flour,  a  million  of  dollars,  net  profit,  is  put 
into  the  pockets  of  the  western  farmer  by  the  competition  of  railroads  ;  for  a  large  portion  of  this 
flour  is  carried  over  the  Massachusetts  Western  railroad.  It  is  entirely  true  that  the  manufacturer  of 
New  England  shares,  on  his  side,  in  the  gain  of  cheap  transportation ;  but  we  are  here  considering 
simply  the  influence  of  railroads  on  agriculture. 

In  the  western  markets  the  gain  to  the  farmer  is  palpable  in  the  enhanced  prices  of  every  article. 
At  Cincinnati,  in  1848  and  1849,  (which  was  the  beginning  of  the  greatest  railroad  enterprises,)  the 
average  price  of  hogs  was  $3  per  hundred.  In  I860  and  1861  it  was  double  that,  and  has  continued 
to  increase.  This  was  a  net  gain  to  the  farmers  of  Ohio  alone  of  from  three  to  four  millions  of  dollars. 
In  the  entire  west  it  was  a  profit  of  more  than  twenty  millions  on  this  single  animal ;  for,  if  there  were 
now  no  railroads,  this  product  could  not  be  carried  to  market  except  on  foot,  which  would  take  away 
half  the  value.  No  further  illustration  of  this  point  need  be  made.  Take  the  market  prices  of  New 
York  and  Boston,  on  the  Atlantic,  and  of  St.  Louis  and  Cincinnati,  in  the  west,  at  an  interval  of  twenty 
years,  and  it  will  be  seen  that  the  cheap  prices  of  the  west  have  gradually  approximated  to  the  high 
prices  of  the  east,  and  this  solely  in  consequence  of  cheapening  the  cost  of  transportation,  which  inures 
to  the  benefit  of  the  farmer. 

3.  By  thus  giving  the  farmer  the  benefit  of  the  best  markets  and  the  highest  prices,  railroads  have 
increased  the  agricultural  productions  of  the  interior  States  beyond  anything  heretofore  known  in  the 
world.  We  have  already  shown  that  this  increased  production,  or  rather  its  surplus,  could  not  have 
been  carried  to  market  without  the  aid  of  railroads,  more  than  two-thirds  of  the  whole  being  carried 
off  by  that  means.  Let  us  now  reverse  this  operation,  and  we  find,  on  the  other  hand,  that  railroads 
have  stimulated  and  increased  production.  The  northwestern  States  are  those  in  which  the  influence 
of  railroads  on  agriculture  is  most  obvious.  In  the  five  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Michigan,  and 
Wisconsin  there  were  comparatively  few  miles  of  railroad  prior  to  1850;  but  from  1850  to  1860  the 
construction  of  roads  was  most  rapid.  In  1850  there  were  only  1,275  miles  of  railroad  in  those  States, 
but  in  1860  there  were  9,616  miles.  Let  us  now  examine  the  products  of  those  States  in  1850  and 
1860,  and  see  how  the  progress  of  railroads  has  sustained  and  stimulated  agricultural  production.  The 
following  table  shows  the  increase  of  the  principal  vegetable  and  animal  production  in  the  five  States 
of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Michigan,  and  Wisconsin  in  the  ten  years  from  1850  to  1860: 

In  1850.  In  1860.  Increase  per  cent. 

Wheat 39,  348,  495  bushels.         79,  798, 163  bushels.  100 

Corn 177,320,441       "  280,268,862       "  58 

Oats 32,660,251       "  51,043,334       "  50 

Potatoes 13,417,896       "  27,181,692       "  100 

Cattle..  3,438,000       "  5,371,000       "  59 


clxviii  INTRODUCTION. 

This  increase  is  decidedly  beyond  that  of  the  population;  showing  that  the  products  of  agriculture 
are,  in  those  States,  profitable.     The  aggregate  of  grain  products  in  those  States  was : 

In  1850 -• *255,  240,  444  bushelo. 

In  1860 *422,  369,  719 

What  part  railroads  have  had  in  carrying  this  product  to  market  we  shall  see  byf  ascertaining  the 
surplus,  and  the  manner  in  which  it  was  transported.  The  commissioner  of  statistics  for  the  State  of 
Ohio,  in  his  report  to  the  legislature  of  Ohio,  estimates  (in  the  actual  carriage  of  railroads  and  canals) 
that  three-fifths  of  the  value  of  agricultural  products  of  Ohio  are  exported,  excepting,  of  course,  pas 
turage,  fruits,  garden  products,  &c.  In  1859-'60,  twelve  millions  of  bushels  of  wheat  were  exported 
from  that  State,  and  an  equal  proportion  of  corn,  reduced  into  other  forms,  such  as  fat  cattle,  hogs,  pork, 
lard,  whiskey,  cheese,  &c.  Three-fifths  of  the  aggregate  grain  production  of  these  five  States  (1860)  will 
give  two  hundred  and  fifty  millions  of  bushels  of  grain.  This  is  vastly  greater  than  the  whole  tonnage 
of  canals  and  railroads,  and  would,  therefore,  seem  incorrect.  This,  however,  is  not  so.  The  heaviest 
article  (corn)  is  reduced  to  a  fourth,  perhaps,  less  weight  by  being  changed  into  whiskey,  pork,  and 
cattle.  The  same  is  true  of  oats,  and  thus  the  ten  millions  of  tons  represented  by  the  canals  and  rail 
roads  may  cover  all  the  surplus  which  finds  the  extreme  eastern  markets.  A  large  quantity  of  the 
surplus  products  of  these  States  is  consumed  in  way-markets.  We  see  now,  that,  since  railroads  carry 
twe-thirds  of  this  immense  export,  they  represent  nearly  or  quite  the  same  proportion  of  the  capacity 
of  those  States  to  raise  any  surplus,  and  therefore  two-thirds  of  the  profit  made  upon  it.  If  we  now 
consider  the  question  of  the  profits  of  agriculture,  the  case  becomes  still  stronger.  The  actual  cash 
value  of  the  products  carried  to  market  from  these  five  States  (that  is,  the  surplus)  is  two  hundred 
millions  of  dollars,  and  it  is  safe  to  say  that  one-half  this  sum  is  due  to  the  influence  of  railroads. 
There  are  some  interesting  facts  on  this  subject,  to  some  of  which  we  will  briefly  allude.  Take,  for 
example,  the  prices  of  both  products  and  lands  in  the  interior  States,  and  compare  them  at  different 
periods.  Forty  years  ago  (1824-'25)  the  surplus  products  of  Ohio  had  already  accumulated  beyond 
the  means  of  transportation.  In  consequence  of  this  fact,  wheat  was  sold  in  the  interior  counties, 
for  37  cents  per  bushel,  and  corn  at  10  cents.  After  the  New  York  canal  (Erie)  was  finished, 
in  1825,  and  the  Ohio  canals  several  years  later,  these  prices  were  raised  more  than  fifty  per 
cent. ;  but  when  two  or  three  of  the  main  railroad  lines  were  finished  in  1852— '53,  the  rise  in  prices 
and  the  amount  carried  forward  to  the  eastern  markets  were  even  more  increased.  To  show,  in  some 
measure,  the  effect  of  the  improved  means  of  transportation  on  the  value  of  produce  in  the  interior,  we 
make  the  following  table  of  prices  at  Cincinnati  at  several  periods: 

In  1826.t  In  1835.  In  1853.  In  1860. 

Flour $3  00  per  barrel.  $6  00  $5  50  $5  60 

Corn 0  1 2  per  bushel.  032  '037  048 

Hogs SOOpercwt.  312  400  620 

Lard 0  05  per  pound.  008  0  08£  Oil 

We  find  that  in  1860  the  price  of  flour  was  nearly  double  that  of  1826 ;  the  price  of  corn  nearly 
four  times  as  much;  the  price  of  hogs  three  times  as  much,  and  the  price  of  lard  double.  From  1835 
to  1860,  (when  the  railroads  were  completed,)  under  the  influence  of  railroad  competition  with  canals 
the  price  of  corn  advanced  50  per  cent.,  and  that  of  hogs  100  per  cent.  Perhaps  no  articles  can  be 
selected  which  furnish  a  more  complete  test  of  the  value  and  profits  of  farming  in  the  States  of  the 
northwest  than  that  of  these  staples,  corn  and  hogs. 

But  there  is  another  respect  in  which  the  influence  of  railroads  is  almost  as  favorable  to  agricul 
ture  as  that  of  cheapening  the  transportation  of  produce.  It  is  that  of  cheapening  the  transportation, 
and  therefore  reducing  the  prices  of  foreign  articles  and  eastern  manufactures  consumed  by  the  farmers 
of  the  interior.  We  need  not  adduce  tables  to  illustrate  this ;  for  it  is  quite  obvious  and  well  known 


°  Includes  wheat,  rye,  corn,  oats,  barley,  and  buckwheat.  t  Edward  D.  Mansfield, 

t  The  prices  of  1820  are  from  "  Drake  &  Mansfield's  Cincinnati,  1826." 


INTRODUCTION.  clxix 

that  this  has  been  the  effect,  though  perhaps  not  to  so  great  an  extent  as  the  reverse,  in  the  ease 
of  produce.  In  1839-'40  sugar  was  just  the  same  price  as  in  1857  and  1858;  but  the  average 
price  of  coffee  from  1833  to  1838  was  three  cents  higher  than  it  was  from  1853  to  I860.  On  the 
whole,  the  prices  of  articles  carried  from  the  east  to  the  west  were  diminished,  while  those  from  the 
west  to  the  east  were  increased.  Again,  the  influence  of  railroads  on  the  value  of  farming  lands  is  too 
great  and  striking  not  to  have  been  noticed  by  all  intelligent  persons.  We  have,  however,  some 
remarkable  instances  of  the  specific  effect  of  certain  railroads ;  we  have,  for  example,  the  immediate 
effect  produced  on  the  lands  of  Illinois  by  the  Illinois  Central  railroad.  That  company  received  from 
the  government  a  large  body  of  land  at  a  time  when  the  government  could  not  sell  it  at  a  dollar  and  a 
quarter  ($1  25)  per  acre.  Since  then  the  company  has  constructed  its  road  and  sold  a  large  part  of 
those  lands  at  an  average  of  811  per  acre,  and  the  greater  part  of  the  lands  of  Illinois  is  fully  worth 
that.  Notwithstanding  the  rapid  growth  of  population,  the  larger  part  of  this  advance  is  due  to  rail 
roads.  The  following  table  shows  the  advance  (by  the  census  tables)  of  the  cash  value  of  farms  in 
the  five  States  mentioned  in  the  ten  years  from  1850  to  1860 : 

1850.  I860. 

Ohio $358,758,602  $666,564,  171 

Illinois 96,  133,  290  432,  531.  072 

Indiana 136,  385,  173  344,  902,  776 

Michigan 51,872,446  163,279,087 

Wisconsin 28,528,563  131,  117,082 

Aggregate 671,  678,  075        1,  738,  394,  188 


Increase  in  ten  (10)  years 81,  066,  716,  113 


It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  one-half  this  increase  has  been  caused  by  railroads,  for  we  expe 
rience  already  the  impossibility  of  conveying  off  the  surplus  products  of  the  interior  with  our  railroads. 
Putting  the  increase  of  value  due  to  railroads  at  a  little  more  than  one-third,  we  have  four  hundred 
millions  of  dollars  added  to  the  cash  value  of  farms  in  these  five  States  by  the  construction  of  railroads. 
This  fact  will  be  manifest  if  it  is  considered  that  the  best  lands  of  Illinois  were  worth  but  a  dollar  and  a 
quarter  per  acre  prior  to  the  construction  of  railroads,  and  are  now  worth  twenty  dollars. 

We  need  not  pursue  this  subject  further.  If  the  effect  on  the  central  western  States  has  been  so 
great,  it  is  still  greater  in  the  new  States  which  lie  beyond  the  Mississippi.  They  are  still  further  from 
market,  and  will  be  enriched  in  a  greater  ratio  by  the  facilities  of  transportation.  Indeed,  railroads  are 
the  only  means  by  which  the  distant  parts  of  this  country  could  have  been  commercially  united,  and 
thus  the  railroad  has  become  a  mighty  means  of  WEALTH,  UNITY,  and  STABILITY. 

PRESERVATION  OF  FOREST  TREES. 

We  have  endeavored  to  avail  ourselves  of  all  proper  occasions,  to  impress  upon  our  generation  the 
importance  of  exercising  greater  care  in  the  preservation  of  forest  trees.  It  is  lamentable,  in  view  of  present 
ruthlessness,  and  the  demands  of  posterity,  to  observe  the  utter  disregard  manifested  by  the  American 
people,  not  merely  for  the  preservation  of  extensive  groves,  but  the  indifference  which  they  exhibit  for 
valuable  trees,  the  destruction  of  which  is  not  necessary  to  good  cultivation,  and  the  existence  whereof 
would  not  only  add  greatly  to  the  value  of  their  property,  but  contribute  vastly  to  health,  the  fertility 
of  their  farms,  and  the  comfort  of  their  live  stock.  We  have  seen  thousands  of  farms  rendered  less 
productive  and  of  much  less  intrinsic  value  by  the  destruction  of  timber,  especially  on  their  north  and 
west  boundaries,  where  they  protect  from  the  colds  of  winter,  and  others  made  unhealthy  by  removing 
the  barriers  which  nature  had  placed  to  the  encroachments  of  miasm. 

We  remember,  upon  an  occasion  of  remonstrance  with  a  farmer  against  destroying  a  beautiful 
isolated  tree  in  a  large  field,  his  foolish  reply  in  extenuation  of  his  labor,  that  it  supplied  a  resort  for 
the  blackbirds  which  destroyed  his  corn,  nor  could  he  be  persuaded  that  its  use  by  the  birds  which 
22 


clxx  INTRODUCTION. 

protected  his  fields  through  a  long  series  of  years  from  insect  depredators,  much  more  than  compensated 
for  the  few  corn-hills  torn  up  by  the  enemy  of  the  grub-worm,  nor  dissuaded  by  the  representation 
of  its  benefits  in  supplying  shade  to  his  cattle.  His  plea  was,  that  if  we  had  experienced  like  labor 
with  himself  in  eradicating  the  original  forest,  we  would  not  manifest  such  fondness  for  trees.  "Were 
the  half  of  that  farm  now  possessed  of  so  much  of  its  "original  forest"  as  might  have  been  preserved, 
without  any  restriction  of  its  uses  for  necessary  purposes,  it  would  be  worth  double  the  present  value 
of  his  entire  estate,  while  we  doubt  not  that  the  other  half  would  have  yielded  more  income  than  he 
has  derived  from  the  whole,  and  have  increased  in  value.  No  one  better  understood  the  importance 
of  belts  of  timber  as  protection  against  the  inroads  of  fever,  than  the  judicious  and  philosophic  Dr. 
Benjamin  Rush,  of  Philadelphia,  who  in  1798  assigns  one  cause  for  "the  unusually  sickly  character  of 
Philadelphia  after  the  year  1778"  to  the  "meadows  being  overflowed  to  the  southward  of  the  city,  and 
the  cutting  down  by  the  British  army  of  the  trees  which  formerly  sheltered  the  city  from  the  exha 
lations  of  the  ground."* 

Dr.  Rush  refers  to  the  fact  of  residences  in  the  southern  country  becoming  untenable  from  like 
causes — the  cutting  down  of  groves  near  dwellings.  Through  ignorance  and  want  of  taste,  labor  and 
expense  are  thus  misappropriated,  producing  injurious  consequences,  not  only  to  the  present  but  to 
future  generations.  Every  well-managed  farm  should  support  sufficient  timber  to  admit  of  an  abundant 
present  supply  for  all  necessary  purposes  of  fuel,  fencing  and  building,  without  reducing  the  quantity 
necessary  for  like  uses  by  posterity,  and  by  the  exercise  of  discretion  the  amount  of  land  appropriated 
to  this  end  will  be  found  less  than  is  generally  supposed,  although,  judging  from  the  too  general  practice, 
it  would  appear  as  if  we  presumed  that  posterity  would  have  but  little  use  for  timber.  Apart  from  the 
increasing  value  of  timber  in  every  section  of  our  country,  our  farmers  do  not  seem  to  comprehend  that 
they  arc  destroying  that  which  in  a  little  time  would  prove  the  most  attractive  feature  of  their  estates. 
Groves  restrain  the  sweeping  winds  in  winter  from  divesting  the  surface  of  that  soft  and  protecting 
covering  and  important  fertilizer,  the  snow,  the  gradual  melting  of  which  in  spring  converts  the  stones 
into  food  for  plants,  while  in  the  summer  they  supply  an  invisible  but  important  moisture  to  the  crops, 
and  in  the  heated  day  enable  them  to  enjoy  the  full  advantage  of  the  dews  of  night,  and  supply  agree 
able  places  of  recreation  for  developing  the  intellects  and  bodies  of  our  children,  ever  associating  with 
their  minds  through  life,  recollections  of  pleasures  the  happiest  of  their  existence,  which  made  home  a 
place  of  joyous  contentment.  And  who  that  has  experienced  the  pleasure,  would  exchange  it  for  that 
derivable  from  other  examples  of  practical  operations,  the  gratification  yielded  by  mature,  beautiful 
forest  trees  which  he  preserved,  protected,  and  pruned  when  they  were  but  unseemly  shrubs,  especially 
when  his  children  and  their  children  derive  from  them  their  happiest  annual  enjoyments  I  He  whose 
farm  is  destitute  of  groves  should  procure  or  plant  them  at  once,  being  encouraged  by  the  fact  that 
from  the  seed,  with  good  attention,  he  may  have  nut-bearing  chestnut  trees  in  eight  years ;  and  while 
your  houses  and  barns  are  failing,  these  will  be  improving.  But  in  addition  to  the  luxury,  ornament, 
and  value  of  groves,  wherever  they  are  cherished  with  proper  attention,  they  confer  a  dignity  upon 
their  possessor  and  ennoble  the  pursuit  of  agriculture.  That  was  a  sage  injunction  of  the  dying  Scotch 
laird  to  his  son :  "Jock,  when  ye  hae  naething  else  to  do,  ye  may  be  aye  sticking  in  a  tree;  it  will  be 
growing,  Jock,  when  y're  sleeping;"  words  of  wisdom  "tauld"  him  by  his  father,  "sae  forty  years, 
sin;"  but  which  he  regretfully  confessed  not  to  have  heeded. 

While  treating  of  this  subject  we  cannot  refrain  from  reference  to  that  bad  taste,  so  frequently 
exhibited,  of  introducing  exotics  for  ornament,  or  to  supply  shade,  to  the  neglect  of  the  beautiful  native 
forest  trees,  which  are  so  easy  to  be  obtained  by  all — not  that  we  have  any  objection  to  such,  under 
appropriate  circumstances,  but  to  adopt  them  to  the  exclusion  of  the  more  attractive  and  useful  trees 
with  which  our  forests  abound,  betrays  a  want  of  taste  as  well  as  deficiency  in  judgment. 


*  Medical  luquiries  aud  Observations :   Philadelphia,  1789,  p.  86. 


INTUODUC  T  ION  clxxi 


*FRUITS,   VEGETABLES,   AND  WOOL   OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Our  orange  and  lemon  crops  are  becoming  of  great  importance,  coming  into  market  or  ripening 
when  those  raised  in  the  tropics  are  exhausted.  The  trees  of  each  of  these  grow  as  large  as  they  do 
in  the  tropics;  the  fruit  is  as  good  and  as  sweet,  but  the  rind  thicker.  We  produce  the  sugar-cane  of 
Louisiana,  and  it  yields  profitably ;  the  Chinese  sugar-cane  does  well,  but  neither  these  nor  the  cotton- 
plant  have  been  cultivated  on  sufficiently  large  a  scale  to  enable  me  to  arrive  at  a  conclusion  as  to  their 
real  merits  as  staple  products  in  this  region.  A  convention  of  stock-raisers,  composed  of  intelligent 
gentlemen,  met  in  San  Francisco  last  year.  They  inform  us,  from  their  best  source  of  information, 
that  we  have  now  in  the  State  three  millions  of  horned  cattle,  a  number  far  beyond  the  wants  of  con 
sumption  ;  and  there  being  no  market  open  to  us  beyond  the  limits  of  the  State,  this  branch  of  industry 
has  become  profitless  and  ruinous.  The  same  will  apply  to  horses.  We  have  vast  quantities  of  inferior 
stock  which  have  become  a  nuisance,  and  which  only  serve  to  destroy  pasture  that  might  be  profitably 
employed  for  the  maintenance  of  the  Merino  sheep. 

The  capacity  of  this  State  for  maintaining  a  large  population  in  proportion  to  our  entire  superfice,  is 
not  as  great  as  our  number  of  square  miles  would  suggest.  There  is  but  a  comparative  small  proportion 
that  can  be  cultivated.  This  is  not  owing  to  any  want  of  fertility,  but  to  the  absence  of  rains  in  the 
summer,  and  the  scarcity  of  water  for  irrigation  on  a  large  scale.  Our  commercial  position  on  the  con 
tinent,  our  vast  mineral  resources,  and  our  unsurpassed  climate  will  always  guarantee  to  California  a 
respectably  numerous,  but  we  need  never  hope  for  a  dense  population,  such  as  will  swarm  the  great 
northwest,  "  where  every  rood  of  land  will  maintain  its  man." 

Much  will  be  done  to  extend  the  present  area  of  cultivation  in  the  State  by  means  of  artesian 
water,  damming  in  the  winter  to  prison  the  water  of  mountain  streams  for  summer  irrigation,  and  by 
improved  modes  of  deep  ploughing  and  subsoiling,  which  will  enable  the  field  to  absorb  and  retain 
the  winter  rains. 

Vegetables  of  all  kinds  arc  produced  in  great  abundance,  and  the  aid  of  manures  is  seldom  resorted 
to.  In  size  and  yield  they  surpass  those  of  the  older  States,  but  some  contend  they  are  deficient  in  flavor. 
This,  I  think,  a  mistake,  and  may  be  partially  accounted  for  by  early  and  pleasing  impressions  of  home. 

Our  wool  clip  will  claim,  in  order  of  importance,  the  second  rank  as  a  product,  adding  largely  to 
the  material  wealth  of  the  State  and  nation  at  large,  giving  to  large  numbers  pleasing  and  profitable 
employment,  and  adding  much  to  our  carrying  trade.  From  a  few  thousand  coarse-wooled  and  inferior 
Mexican  sheep,  our  flocks  will  now  number  three  millions  of  improved  stock,  yielding  this  year  a  clip 
approximating  to  12,000,000  pounds  ;  and,  at  the  close  of  the  present  decade,  it  will  not  be  unreasonable 
to  expect  that  California  will  produce  an  amount  equal  to  the  entire  product  of  this  staple  in  the  United 
States  in  18GO — say  60,000,000  pounds.  We  are  happy  to  see  that  your  wise  and  patriotic  suggestions 
in  relation  to  the  protection  that  our  wool-growing  interests  should  have  and  receive  are  being  acted 
on  by  Congress.  The  same  rule  should  apply  to  the  wine-growing  interest,  and  specific,  not  ad 
valorem,  duties  should  be  the  rule,  so  as  to  prevent  fraud  both  on  the  producer  and  the  government. 

*  Communicated  by  Ex-Governor  Downey. 


clxxii  INTRODUCTION. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

The  last  table  in  the  volume  would  attach  more  properly  to  that  on  population ;  but,  not  having 
been  included  there,  it  is  deemed  more  advisable  to  incorporate  it  here  than  to  omit  it. 

In  examining  this  table,  the  conclusion  must  not  be  arrived  at  that  the  exhibit  presents  the  number 
of  people  directly  interested  in  slaves.  A  great  majority  of  the  persons  represented  in  the  table  are 
heads  of  families,  or  agents  for  others  having  equal  interest  with  themselves.  It  would  probably  be  a 
safe  rule  to  consider  the  number  of  slaveholders  to  represent  the  number  of  families  directly  interested 
in  the  slave  population  in  1860. 


In  concluding  this  introduction,  we  cannot  but  allude  to  the  industry  and  capacity  of  Mr.  JAMES 
S.  WILSON,  who  has  been  charged  with  the  supervision  of  the  tables  following,  and  to  whom  we  are 
mainly  indebted  for  that  accuracy  with  which  they  have  been  prepared. 


AGRICULTURE 


YEAH  ENDING  JUNE  1,  1860, 


STATE  OF  ALABAMA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 
2 

3 
4 
5 
G 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
1C 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
S3 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
.31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
53 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OP  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farm?. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  iu  farms. 

Uuimprovedjin  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mules. 

Mileh  cows. 

Working  oxrn. 

Other  cattle. 

B, 

f) 

«: 

131,730 
10,  141 
209,150 
7-1,  705 
40,  943 
99,  959 
125,306 
220,  103 
106,  919 
92  272 
99,429 
50,  612 
73,  845 
123,  231 
S9,  275 
70,  720 
201,  130 
56,  218 
56,  708 
133,575 
277,  402 
101,  993 
104,  800 
75,  121 
142,  726 
139,  446 
120,  047 
239,  667 
214,  509 
244,  821 
38,912 
56,  400 
224,419 
10,  399 
257,  602 
98,  408 
82,  412 
194,562 
174,  131 
167,  085 
100,323 
230,  121 
72,  154 
60,  460 
189,  014 
153.  332 
139,  892 
151,  420 
31,467 
16,  987 
179,  143 
12,329 

307,  385 
73,045 
324,  653 
230,542 
152,  087 
306,628 
546,  619 
206,279 
218,234 
258,  903 
446,  169 
213,  181 
173,  662 
316,  376 
142,  651 
273,  651 
286,  343 
09,  314 
328,  739 
280,  543 
282,  082 
866,  582 
228,  582 
216,  547 
201,467 
287,  234 
1  17,  139 
273,  238 
192,  734 
334,  102 
323,  869 
124,  199 
221,  073 
130,  400 
295,  511 
253,  367 
158,  641 
227,  089 
328,  873 
354,822 
333,502 
214,  407 
193,  588 
237,  725 
208,  798 
301,  S59 
310,  014 
469,  085 
193,  567 
107,  552 
337,  886 
72,663 

$2,901,285 
468,  090 
4,960,812 
1,  442,  455 
832,  500 
2,  950,  744 
2,  709,  394 
3,  035,  933 
2,  979,  265 
2,  740,  506 
3,  255,  548 
1,  004,  062 
1,  045,  700 
1,  672,  376 
538,  155 
1,431,122 
9,  311,  714 
1,100,609 
739,  641 
4,  096,  733 
9,  176,  802 
2,  154,  860 
3,121,085 
1,  219,  865 
2,  996,  285 
4,  554,  063 
3,  592,  495 
9,  040,  470 
6,  078,  806 
10,  291,  862 
729,  765 
1  ,  372,  766 
5,  825,  099 
1,180,703 
9,  883,  964 
2,  672,  000 
1,441,97-1 
7,275,412 
4,  016,  618 
3,  744,  687 
1,  950,  170 
4,  959,  649 
1,401,230 
1,  370,  662 
5,  303,  979 
3,  256,  377 
3,111,205 
5,  925,  157 
613,  820 
791,  710 
7,311,117 
231,  261 

$125,  234 
20,495 
181,  321 
112,325 
54,835 
101,  432 
150,  088 
216,  501 
166,  508 
112,  240 
143,  281 
41,228 
73,  492 
140,  061 
39,  26S 
83,868 
245,  541 
74,053 
96,  S46 
140,  228 
259,  471 
99,  118 
98,255 
95,  261 
91,  730 
154,  512 
114,  529 
405,  489 
184,  277 
301,  473 
85,  834 
71,393 
152,  394 
40,  758 
320,  229 
144,  549 
77,  076 
276,  479 
263,  403 
165,  763 
105,  930 
208,  958 
82,123 
75,  371 
248,  997 
198,  236 
184,  704 
200,  551 
57,  797 
23,920 
233,  105 
21,  184 

1,  885 
499 
2,861 
2,  267 
1,  655 
2,123 
3,139 
3,016 
3,171 
1,925 
2,115 
1,204 
1,183 
2,950 
1,025 
1,828 
2,876 
2,604 
2,350 
3,413 
2,  834 
1,718 
4,  CC3 
2,409 
2,877 
3,076 
2,961 
3,372 
4,283 
2,870 
2,408 
2,270 
2,609 
902 
3,255 
1,870 
3,040 
2,327 
3,392 
3,216 
2,688 
2,141 
2  037 
2,319 
2,364 
3,210 
3,025 
3,557 
1,468 
685 
2,308 
604 

2,  279 
587 
3,  521 
1,092 
412 
1,566 
1,975 
2,  915 
1,488 
1,637 
1,  940 
528 
800 
1,798 
204 
850 
5,809 
617 
607 
2,088 
5,  580 
1,234 
1,007 
1,054 
2,020 
2,223 
1,820 
4,791 
4,680 
5  S*'*' 
562 
815 
4,170 
606 
5,013 
1,777 
1,069 
4,  463 
3,122 
2,561 
1,177 
3,814 
1,013 
623 
3,945 
2,189 
2,359 
3,958 
327 
507 
4,202 
76 

4,  575 
4,381 
6,024 
4,103 
2,186 
4,518 
5,  324 
6,  073 
4,623 
3,929 
5,  485 
4,433 
4,470 
6,111 
3,117 
4,850 
5,043 
3,504 
3,617 
4,333 
5,909 
4,501 
4,  948 
3,726 
3,197 
3,773 
3,011 
5,417 
4,351 
5,127 
3,653 
3,377 
5,502 
4,040 
5,514 
4,618 
3,028 
4,749 
6,581 
6,367 
5,391 
5,395 
3,406 
3,520 
3,630 
3,857 
5,702 
7,  016 
2,367 
2,090 
5,011 
882 

1,081 

400 
1,289 
585 
1,317 
1,730 
2,393 
2,304 
2,090 
1,992 
1,810 
210 
1,143 
2,173 
1,088 
1,028 
1,379 
1,740 
1,755 
1,900 
2,708 
1,  384 
2,639 
1,  821 
1,341 
1,578 
1,574 
1,907 
2,014 
2,816 
1,835 
1,010 
1,869 
825 
2,048 
1,583 
1,059 
1,525 
2,365 
2,508 
2,793 
1,  037 
1,311 
1,789 
2,269 
2,  702 
1,449 
3,069 
1,435 
409 
1,843 
486 

8,  14~ 
10,  360 
19,  839 
7,  635 
3,956 
10,  208 
8,  525 
8,252 
7,293 
8,737 
13,416 
9,294 
10,  135 
11,239 
5,  872 
6,721 
9,  972 
6,195 
6,321 
8,089 
12,  284 
7,367 
10,286 
6,220 
4,709 
5,225 
4,426 
13,086 
7,673 
14,  571 
5,  738 
4,517 
11,840 
8,228 
12,719 
8,054 
5,945 
10,  484 
8,  103 
11,  785 
7,690 
16,  631 
6,894 
5,523 
9,953 
9,162 
10,061 
12,427 
2,971 
11,597 
13,  509 
1,  5'» 

5,634 
3,699 
6,331 
8,923 
4,689 
7,101 
8,609 
7,764 
11,  106 
6,192 
5,305 
3,685 
5,012 
6,258 
4,369 
7,872 
9,028 
7,497 
9,849 
10,  502 
14,675 
4,310 
10,  919 
5,965 
6,409 
10,007 
7,890 
6,789 
9,015 
10,085 
5,803 
5,119 
5,821 
5,124 
10,  376 
4,759 
6,508 
8,736 
9,969 
5,682 
8,973 
4,108 
4,961 
5,291 
10,  243 
8,244 
7,635 
10,  990 
4,290 
1,796 
8,220 
1,339 

Bibb 

Blount 

Butler  

Clarke 

Coffee 

Dole 

Dallas. 

Do  Kalb.. 

Fayette  * 

Franklin  

Jackson  

Jefferson  

Lowndes  

Madison  

Marshall  

Mobile  

Perry  

Pickcns  

Pike  

Randolph. 

Russell  

Shelby  

St.  Clair.. 

Sumter  

Tallapoosa  

Talladega  .  . 

Tuscaloosa  

Walker  .  .  . 

Washington  .                   ! 

Wilcoi  i 

Winston  ! 

Total  

6,  385,  724 

12,718,821 

175,824,622 

7,  -133,  178 

127,003 

111,687 

230,  537 

88,316 

454,  543 

370,  156 

S  T  A  T  E    0  F   A  L  A  B  A  M  A . 


3 


AGRICULTURE. 


UVU  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

•s 

o 

•n 

Jq 

o 

0 

ll 

a 

is 

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jk 

a 
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s 

•. 

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3 

a  <« 

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t 

1 

3 

p 

M 

-3 
a 

% 

o 

3 

o 
H 

5 

O 

& 

'C 

27,  483 

$778,  900 

10,  103 

2,  7U5 

539,  521 

7,034 

23,282 

1,052 

17,  329 

12,289 

60,608 

6,872 

126,  930 

1 

8,  864 

294,  470 

28 

110 

131,  167 

6,802 

390 

2,  172 

7,244 

2,261 

1,656 

33,979 

9 

55,  523 

1,  225,  193 

6,001 

1,585 

909,  973 

15,727 

41,875 

205 

44,  518 

11,420 

84,741 

4,705 

273,  8*1 

3 

42,158 

608,  458 

15,  393 

745 

411,130 

7,  143 

335 

2,  475 

8,303 

12,262 

40,368 

4,854 

86,  879 

4 

15,  949 

305,  025 

35,  286 

305 

294,702 

7,184 

90 

21,990 

1,071 

7,454 

13,565 

6,978 

39,  951 

S 

34,  116 

740,  735 

1,104 

394 

476,  301 

5,  634 

4,210 

345  j           13,  489 

11,449 

26,291 

579 

124,  391 

6 

36,508 

812,766 

103,  434 

652 

655,  193 

28,  049 

400 

4,785 

11,  573 

15,  031 

16,508 

6,311 

90,850 

7 

46,  374 

1,132,376 

78,861 

2,143 

793,  466 

44,855 

1,065 

70 

24,589 

10,  849 

25,538 

12,022 

176,  771 

8 

32,  620 

739,  631 

91,037 

921 

604,  217 

32,378 

320 

23,  399 

10,562 

17,  127 

20,146 

9,665 

79,823 

9 

29,  194 

678,  377 

442 

975 

445,  285 

2,759 

7,181 

70             17,  252 

6,950 

24,878 

6,167 

102,807 

10 

37,  966 

808,  820 

70 

714 

516,355 

2,045 

10,  193 

15.T60             16,225 

13,390 

18,  891 

5,390 

151,223 

11 

23,859 

392,  032 

533 

70 

257,822 

2,508 

1,721 

229 

5,294 

3,292 

33,141 

892 

78,357 

19 

21,  990 

458,  980 

823 

683 

302,  010 

3,508 

15,  597 

3,  280               0,  850 

10,  118 

14,  125 

2,222 

72,  370 

:. 

35,  810 

909,  070 

32,  079 

1,103 

552,  928 

19,  189 

9,  985 

1,  852             13,  990 

11,794 

60,  066 

16,221 

158,293 

14 

20,527 

324,  362 

350 

229 

148,475 

1,  173 

19,  849 

1,431 

2,021 

9,282 

7,  701 

201 

53,459 

15 

34,011 

550,  091 

1,278 

650 

341,239 

9,  614 

30,  201 

2,  206 

7,  836 

12,  613 

8,938 

1,839 

109,  129 

., 

55,  145 

1,716,129 

8,880 

2,617 

1,352,901 

10,  496 

21,673 

2,027 

63,410 

19,110 

38,753 

8,564 

185,  919 

17 

23,  772 

496,  116 

49,  436 

809 

451,081 

20,821 

50 

26,  604 

1,498 

15,  747 

7,  !>90 

11,267 

49,034 

18 

21,  963 

501,713 

29,  483 

292 

338,  552 

],090 

222 

4,  131 

5,  462 

18,  604 

28,689 

2,829 

64,103 

19 

31,861 

838,  487 

21,703 

3,774 

704,  907 

16,  074 

400 

6,801 

15,  592 

21,  896 

18,100 

11,000 

52,  071 

90 

49,  701 

1,  746,  454 

22,033 

2,  725 

1,311,535 

17,  743 

ISO 

20 

57,858 

27,568 

60,613 

11,218 

194,  469 

-'! 

33,938 

621,  480 

1,790 

1,350 

421,  618 

4,241 

9,031 

270 

13,  034 

7,082 

58,  930 

3,224 

138,025 

93 

27,  463 

837,  307 

26,458 

788 

1,  050,  716 

8,510 

10,  207 

2,  713 

20,323 

12,  267 

14,  730 

47,  085 

23 

23,  561 

552,  095 

51,032 

2U7 

586,  785 

2,787 

9,192 

4,940 

12,  691 

26,  403 

7,103 

52,995 

24 

23,  919 

708,  543 

17,  817 

4,104 

659,  666 

13,  301 

247 

15,  434 

12,507 

16,783 

9,515 

29,967 

85 

24,  101 

845,  171 

38,751 

3,328 

646,  603 

30,569 

80 

3,  525 

11,050 

17,  354 

15,362 

14,026 

36,  252 

96 

30,958 

718,902 

20,317 

4,023 

585,  785 

9,555 

25 

4,372 

15,115 

13,  31  1 

8,  458 

10,133 

26,454 

•.. 

56,  394 

1,  061,  302 

9,096 

1,563 

1,  288,  722 

45,  122 

16,  743 

28 

53,604 

16,  .127 

24,767 

13,453 

174,632 

98 

49,723 

1,107,685 

43,  613 

7,746 

988,  396 

44,587 

200 

6,711 

22,  119 

16,  725 

33,595 

21,  127 

69,627 

1 

58,457 

1,  099,  142 

4,495 

1,583 

1,384,616 

13,  970 

31,089 

200 

62,428 

22,929 

22,  945 

6,014 

208,836 

30 

20,  272 

•   493,607 

25,224 

1,196 

359,  018 

1,  955 

2,070 

12,  900 

4,  285 

13,520 

27,602 

4,997 

53,574 

31 

27,035 

518,  027 

20,429 

859 

402,  446 

6,780 

120 

3,775 

4,931 

•  10,  819 

6,155 

9,040 

43,281 

39 

44,  775 

1,  291,  568 

23,728 

1,679 

972,  723 

27,  264 

6,  355 

CO 

41,119 

5,552 

82,  861 

11,895 

241,610 

33 

10,  441 

389,  430 

70,412 

2,325 

58,  439 

30 

440 

8,671 

4,755 

15,  132 

10,  881 

34 

63,  134 

1,  748,  273 

6,317 

1,  262 

1,586,480 

33,476  j            5,051                   47(1 

58,880 

18,  448 

32,206 

11,839 

23,394 

39 

30,661 

673,257 

577 

400 

496,  455 

818 

8,111 

40 

18,226 

9,190 

23,220 

3,556 

118,017 

36 

25,  628 

546,  110 

16,  240 

1,422 

447,  851 

6,885 

1,440 

7,  145 

6,  326 

13,  695 

14,  892 

9,930 

36,686 

37 

41,707 

1,305,872 

12,540 

1,012 

1,  074,  257 

16,239 

8,  580                   605 

44,  603 

17,124 

16,  314 

4,458 

179,  145 

:.- 

48,289 

1,229,332 

36,907 

1,  275 

884,  229 

1,283 

29,843 

16,  594 

41,970 

4,593 

166,204 

39 

55,156 

1,  133,938 

3,153 

960 

823,  752 

13,  199 

25,  150  j               183 

24,  527 

8,730 

79,  493 

4,143 

243,  079 

40 

37,  596 

679,  785 

63,080 

759 

560,133 

24,  973 

3,031  i           18,391 

6,427 

16,  071 

24,  054 

7,183 

114,802 

41 

37,  877 

964,  09i 

18,911 

600 

776,  955 

22,087 

4,  140  \            1,  275 

38,  728 

7,510 

69,361 

8,417 

227,303 

49 

23,  785 

442,  289 

37,  448 

1,283 

378,  660 

11,834 

300  j            2,574 

6,403 

8,  258 

15,  142 

10,  742 

56,913 

43 

22,  887 

306,  028 

38,660 

461 

371,  527 

4,  21)4 

6 

9,  82  L 

4,189 

9,  757 

7,  020 

5,544 

45,924 

44 

42,  303 

1,  181,240 

8,802 

1,944 

996,490 

in  4<;i) 

1,  460 

36,  384 

20,215 

42,  699 

10,398 

122,559 

41 

41,084 

983,  087 

59,031 

563 

635,  220            10,  835 

492 

2,844 

17,  399 

14,  889 

46,  465 

4,724 

125,  144 

ie 

38,832 

929,  590 

81,  5S9 

2,465 

755,  173             61,  082 

62 

2,  57d 

18,  243 

12,660 

27,068 

11,973 

89,954 

47 

37,  289 

1,716,130 

85,458 

3,019 

859,  928 

24,  480 

30,899 

1,941 

26,035 

19,  076 

43,965 

12,  775 

150,271 

;- 

17,  325 

292,  831 

12,085 

635 

249  274 

1,051 

74 

6,631 

2,706 

7,889 

16,  493 

2,447 

38,415 

49 

15,  314 

295,576 

132  745 

3,449 

2,020 

770 

42,  033 

:  ' 

46,  326 

1,  303,  368 

3.  27S 

727 

1,011,359  !            0,681 

71  534 

48,  749 

16,  249 

20,088 

9,378 

206,  106  i    51 

6,031 

111,796  ;            3,329 

709 

88,  808                   483 

6»7 

7,629 

352 

2,836 

7,954 

3,385 

15,090 

S3 

1 

! 

1,748,321 

43,411,711        1,21?,  444 

72,  457 

33,  226,  282 

682,179 

493,  465  j         232,914           989.955           775,117        1,482,036 

491.61(5 

5,  4J9,  917 

STATE    OF   ALABAMA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED.- 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Bwckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market  garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 
I 

>> 

C- 
hM 

31 

"as 

3 
.3 

!° 

k 

9 

_o 
O 

"o 
A 

!S 
& 

f  -5 

4< 

3 

a 

O 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

246 

246 

$16,  598 
3,929 
6,055 
8,  933 
3,835 
875 
130 
16,805 
1,031 
5,  653 
70 

1,114 
104 
703 
11 

$8,020 
11,330 
1,015 

12 
100 

109,  239 
20,394 
121,  935 
79,  328 
102,  490 
92  543 

471 
615 
110 
5 
30 

619 
19 
1,141 
11 

410 
102 
103 

58 
30!) 
CO 

Bibb  

Blount 

3 

7 

6 

liutler 

15 
8 
281 
237 
544 
42 
10 
281 
232 

153 
123 
57 

40 

11 

187,  012 
223,  590 
153,  190 
59,  989 
07,529 
38,995 
46,  181 
122,  494 
34,  111 
59,068 
136,  636 
91,  637 
128,  779 
169,  851 
151,  520 
65,  644 
141,914 
147,  4  17 
85,  948 
102,  681 
93,  503 
126,  526 
170,  114 
162,  827 
168,  302 
99,032 
155,232 
12,064 
163,  798 
51,  472 
100,  199 
148,  932 
157,  503 
130,  026 
222,375 
138,  915 
116,  947 
144,  132 
115,  431 
132,  175 
187,  921 
284,  758 
46,  515 
23,555 
109,362 
16,511 

82 
1,055 
1,536 

63 
o 

51 
1,011 
842 

6 

25 

58 

3 
23 
7 

5 
5 

30 

Clarke  

10 

Coffee 

CO 
13 
533 

12 

1,000 
500 
2,  023 
490 
100 

3,979 
19,  574 
97 
6,  337 
1,253 
588 
3,503 
649 
4,  925 
100 
393 
2,  915 
200 
3,944 
500 
24 
2,102 
2,427 
1,190 
707 
140 
11,755 
3,999 
CO 
2,312 
576 
100 
11,  423 
10,258 
6,600 
9,787 
4,219 
725 
109 

50 
950 
150 

21 
90 

18 
11 



1 

Dale  

Dallas 

100 
14 
29 
18 
140 
15 
201 

2,398 

2,520 

4,  P39 
237 
1,  970 
68 
2,753 
4 
155 

DeKalb. 

1,391 

5 

30 

1C 

10 
122 
1,090 
227 
12 

165 
550 
100 

Franklin    

332 

10 
24 

20 
240 

5 

100 
891 
1,037 

5 

41 

68 

100 
10,725 
400 

2,483 
2,379 
3  22° 

8 
7 

C 

148 
100 
299 
472 
124 
CO 

130 
142 

84 

10 
38 

14 
2CO 

5,539 
5,641 
2,491 
1,028 
288 
2,612 
1,030 
409 
16 
1,001 
48 
1,405 

1,898 

CO 
187 
647 
113 

88 
13 

16 
15 

Marengo  

105 
30 

150 

5 

30 
392 
89,  255 
16,404 

55 

4 

8 
20 

148 

805 
SCO 
319 
143 
231 
529 
343 
10 
71 
903 
42 

1 

20 
175 

388 
400 
50 
110 

1,  134 

1 

20 
2 

10 

"* 

10  | 
12 

2  753 

2,152 

1 

824 

15 
13 
25(5 
118 
71 

11 
15 

Piko  

35 
2,457 

4,880 
330 

Randolph  

147 
o 

35 

315 

1 
7,545 
1,962 
3 
130 
2,723 
33 
4,818 
1 

15 

807 

Russell  

Shelby  . 

St.  Clair  

Suniter  

355 
31 
3,383 

104 
30 

2 

1,  121 
29 
20 
1,341 

150 

240 

75 

Tallapooba  

Talladega  . 

2 

Tuscaloosa  

52 
5 

26,  344 
374 

480 

453 
170 

2 

Walker  

Washington  

2  311 

Wilcox  

3,020 

12,577 
2,508 

714 

75 
698 

100 
50 

1,  439 

40 

5 
1 

Winston  

20 

o 

6 

Total  

15,  135 

1,347 

223,3)2 

18,  2C7 

I  163,  062  !         6,  028,  478 

15,  923 

62,  211 

244 

030 

507 

STATE    OF   ALABAMA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

1 
8 
3 

4 
5 
8 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
• 
13 
i 

16 
«7 

1- 
• 

-  i 

.  , 
•; 
I 

. 
27 

- 

: 
: 
111 
::  ., 
:  11 

- 
:  • 
1  i 
41 
43 
43 
:  : 
45 
M 

n 

48 
49 

i 
M 

SB 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

i 

«  v; 

tf,    O 

2 

o 

"a 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

i 

•i  i 

B  ^ 

o 

1 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Ct, 

0.   | 

M 
5 

. 

2,000 
320 
3,016 
2,611 
740 
1,201 
813 
2,000 
731 
783 
5,  9IVI 
555 
2,  353 
3,  431 
1,475 
1,634 
1,511 
707 
2,280 
570 
1,577 
1,663 
3,392 
2,047 
557 
435 
688 
2,284 
1,  962 
3  353 

23,799 
6,730 
38,266 
30,502 
8,000 
14,836 
18,028 
59,  449 
12,  302 
17,406 
65,  881 
8,022 
25,  313 
43,  619 
14,  830 
16,070 
20,022 
9,969 
29,229 
13,853 
15,  683 
30,875 
43,190 
20,413 
8,092 
8,415 
6,  313 
28,855 
22,341 
28,483 
24,  275 
11,282 
92,  719 
6,220 
10,662 
29,  115 
13,  246 
35,931 
31,196 
40,810 
30,650 
21,015 
18,501 
10,128 
18,704 
56,345 
7,824 
52,099 
12,  142 
100 
31,169 
-3,048 

-    .    .    ' 
1,  537 
18,415 
35,  618 
30,280 
21,214 
59,203 
9,204 
65,  590 
10,619 
26,  362 
26,236 
59,085 
62,884 
35,  458 
70,  824 
8,  372 
85,  433 
93,100 
76,502 
12,  894 
24,892 
85,995 
51,  155 
18,263 
22,833 
16,  551 
6,709 
65,305 
42,251 
45,  862 
44,279 
11,333 

$190,  636 
41,326 
300,878 
164,367 
79,  759 
172,  943 
220,  382 
308,711 
188,  137 
127,921 
145,  588 
104,482 
107,213 
248,214 
96,922 
109,  395 
332,596 
126,659 
130,  276 
259,303 
324,828 
217,648 
220,584 
130,  861 
160,823 
164,  482 
173,  593 
319,  844 
222,761 
368,051 
133,406 
125,  124 
269,  005 
285,  743 
336,  915 
148,  380 
131,271 
29.1,614 
315,  826 
303,  472 
199,  149 
237,360 
137,582 
130,327 
265,  522 
226,291 
243,906 
256,599 
71,  122 
39,579 
232,  417 
33,678 

ei 

13,  865 

35 

5 

5 

l 

4,060 
460 
3,846 
100 
936 
96 
860 
3,483 

3,347 

30 

1 

940 
126 
2,030 
17  273 

222 

150 

170 

'          1 

16,9-11 
233 

1,  449 

1,893 

12 

1 
44 

23,634 
2,067 

5 

122 

20 

694 

5  280 

si 

20 

315 

1,001 

245 
235 
40 

12 

53 

6,213 

2,807 
9,919 

1,  763 
6(13 
823 
109 
949 
3,607 
1,100 
2,987 
1,700 
1,891 
2,  903 
1,160 
13,000 
1,085 
1,408 
2,647 
720 
5,  313 
1,025 
20 
2,  939 
285 

783 

80 
560 
5,  418 

9,997 
28,483 
25,923 
6,845 
18,391 
-  71,  320 
86,339 
4,754 
30,  293 
37,  912 
13,265 
51,621 
23,327 
37,706 
32,983 

385 
565 
1,851 

236 

20 

1 

625 
80 
865 
140 
437 
522 
398 
1,480 

1 

5 

40 

11 

25 

400 

25,  344 
14.  970 

15 

o 

2,539 



111 

68 

315 

228 

175 

85,115  j          55,653 

100,  987 

47,233     ^   1,817,520 

\10,  237,  131 

STATE   OT   ARKANSAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

g 
3 
4 
S 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
IS 
16 
1% 
18 
19 
20 

22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
, 
23 

•  '   1 

:;> 
:;: 
32 
33 
34 
35 
:,i 
:;1 
:  - 
39 

! 

41 

1 
•i  1 
45 
! 
47. 
; 

!.' 
. 

51 

:.j 
... 
54 
53 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OP  SAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implemonts  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

d 

1 
w 

45,  493 
44,  225 
41,183 
46,  900 
19,641 
39,  742 
60,423 
37,  564 
87,  44B 
21,747 
21  568 

288,  767 
209,  953 
150,  019 
208,  115 
52,  895 
69,  024 
155,  071 
101,270 
332,  785 
121,010 
40,  232 
88,  01  1 
33,  831 
SOI,  105 
125,  800 
320,  668 
89,  039 
91,023 
90,  815 
211,  138 
139,  091 
183,  940 
118,  932 
230,  833 
118,  875 
108,  028 
137,  965 
177,  199 
63,187 
55,  205 
105,  002 
94,  343 
18,019 
19,351 
209,  631 
42,  974 
276,  374 
63,005 
75,  632 
19,  342 
80,  279 
163,  185 
148,  520 
130,  927 
123,308 
193,000 
69,  230 
29,  550 
120,  407 
230,  511 
300,  557 
84,711 
174,803 
134,  117 
134,  097 

$5,  498,  395 
2,  532,  350 
1,411,020 
2,  084,  198 
499,136 
830,  970 
4,  399,  554 
1,  254,  607 
2,  041,  073 
923,  263 
015,073 
2,  408,  415 
268,  982 
1,530,234 
4,  098,  240 
1,  002,  123 
1,030,882 
406,  340 
575,  574 
3,  029,  418 
797,  525 
1,  095,  951 
750,  076 
0,  952,  596 
947,  405 
2,  063,  231 
2,  356,  283 
1,089,470 
757,  783 
402,  9S6 
1,741,201 
1,458,212 
294,  250 
190,  491 
1,988,237 
422,441 
8,  037,  268 
439,  436 
912,217 
297,  360 
1,  032,  383 
2,051,830 
3,  361,  092 
711,  021 
690,  200 
2,498,918 
520,  782 
318,  198* 
950,  003 
2,  284,  692 
2,  089,  904 
506,  147 
2,  010,  927 
1,193,912 
1,201,951 

$175,  999 
126,  402 
70,  5-14 
109,  668 
30,  647 
02,  775 
234,555 
65,  452 
156,534 
33,  470 
50,603 
51,871 
16,589 
75,500 
128,  064 
67,024 
42,  288 
23,  268 
45,  666 
156,  522 
64,  013 
107,  267 
32,  496 
276,  942 
155,  482 
93,719 
70,  945 
72,614 
59,917 
33,  379 
22,  829 
54,  438 
30,  635 
17,  202 
.      102,  852 
24,  518 
169,  685 
35,  032 
40,  279 
28,  554 
67,086 
53,  992 
105,  600 
24,  187 
54,  153 
82,  091 
41,  763 
86,  610 
49,509 
107,  022 
136,719 
34,  006 
123,183 
30,  814 
19,  692 

1,586 
1,411 
3,  205 
1,460 
598 
3,  746 
1,148 
2,  114 
1,911 
1,990 
2,110 
1,205 
566 
1,158 
1,017 
1,606 
2,492 
1,293 
1,  504 
2,738 
40,  032 
3,  546 
2,069 
2,096 
2,420 
2,  077 
1,094 
3,056 
3,109 
1,953 
810 
1,088 
1,067 
1,263 
1,037 
847 
2,  120 
1,005 
724 
1,089 
2,559 
1,561 
2,099 
2,180 
1,  452 
2,258 
1,  952, 
1,353 
2,022 
2,396 
1,707 
1,622 
5,084 
1,734 
2,195 

1,079 
1,042 
625 
079 
279 
579 
2,890 
720 
1,688 
443 
037 
803 
83 
811 
1,257 
2,401 
660 
241 
268 
1,549 
13,  423 
090 
377 
2,117 
593 
913 
1,447 
41.5 
073 
204 
501 
685 
163 
120 
1,  175 
141 
2,897 
137 
416 
186 
577 
745 
943 
241 
475 
1,093 
322 
214 
435 
1,128 
1,  790 
222 
1,  329 
057 
504 

4,701 
3,  030 
3,391 
3,394 
1,356 
3,867 
2,189 
3,349 
4,210 
2,907 
2,042 
2,849 
873 
2,434 
2,  542 
3,102 
3,027 
1,500 
2,407 
5,114 
12,  262 
4,840 
3,  032 
3,539 
3,019 
4,442 
3,054 
4,178 
2,828 
2,362 
2,319 
1,819 
1,855 
1,079 
3,040 
1,324 
4,586 
1,485 
1,  334 
1,532 
3,545 
2,788 
3,832 
2,762 
2,596 
3,  657 
2,386 
1,  679 
3,  537 
5,  213 
3,844 
2,  320 
4,  395 
2,  994 
3,230 

1,001 
1,420 
1,748 
1,594 
560 
2.937 
1,  185 
1,434 
1,524 
1,240 
782 
633 
392 
1,011 
830 
1,  377 
1,318 
965 
1,335 
2,004 
8,498 
2,117 
1,669 
1,687 
1,792 
1,311 
1,370 
1,  990 
1,  774 
1,452 
634 
8!!7 
932 
895 
1,353 
515 
1,768 
612 
620 
744 
1,511 
1,  255 
1,308 
1,414 
1,130 
1,  423 
1,042 
1,249 
1,308 
1,648 
1,094 
1,454 
1,655 
1,193 
1,456 

11,059 
6,266 
4,883 
6,164 
2,084 
5,656 
5,082 
6,564 
7,793 
6,349 
3,268 
8,543 
1,  892 
3,508 
5,446 
6,931 
6,534 
3,482 
4,923 
9,089 
11,  383 
10,  581 
4,327 
6,984 
5,895 
8,577 
5,  921 
9,296 
4,215 
4,662 
5,081 
3,873 
3,508 
1,725 
5,784 
2,874 
9,530 
2,671 
2,891 
2,929 
4,744 
6,  755 
8,852 
6,537 
4,075 
7,117 
3,074 
3,257 
4,457 
10,  182 
6,691 
4,675 
7,515 
6,506 
4,829 

1,816 
2,408 
10,  410 
4,345 
1,481 
7,494 
'    2,037 
3,  992 
5,662 
4,  227 
2,  702 
631 
1,040 
3,  784 
1,049 
3,988 
3,858 
2  212 
3,023 
7,437 
3,698 
7,883 
4,088 
2,970 
4,845 
1,697 
1,773 
7,884 
7,100 
4,304 
731 
997 
2,103 
1,844 
5,471 
1,028 
2,875 
2,475 
929 
2,008 
5,177 
2,  375 
2,755 
3,878 
2,675 
2,383 
2,157 
4,300 
3,114 
4,937 
7,098 
2,  964 
11,115 
3,  281 
3,040 

Carroll  

Clark 

I'.l,  81)7 
8,  879 
50,  786 
43,264 
44,  838 
33,033 
15,  005 
14,  908 
C5,  548 
23,  400 
51,709 
28,  945 
65,  387 
32,  569 
40,  597 
47,  390 
44,  793 
34,  53S 
19,  430 
17,  384 
25,  284 
15,  703 
11,  597 
74,  000 
8,  735 
83,  737 
14,  289 
15,  478 
13,  807 
33,  577 
33,  704 
35,  920 
22  517 

Dallas  

Fulton  

Lafayette  

Phillips      .   . 

Piko 

Polk 

Randolph  . 

Saline  

S3  029 

38,  730 
18,  871 
18,  705 
25,  707 
49,910 
101,  424 
13,  759 
59,  379 
30,  692 
27,  427 

Scott  .  . 

Sevier  .  . 

White.. 

Yell  

Total  

1,983,313           7,  590.  393         91,610,773           4,175,326               140,193                 57,358                171,003;          78,707           318,089           SMW733 

STATE   OF   ARKANSAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

1 

2 
3 

4 

6 

I 
9 

11 
13 
13 
14 
15 

« 
18 
19 
20 

22 
23 
24 

26 

a? 

39 

31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 

39 
40 
41 
49 
43 
M 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 

| 

cfl 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

Indian  corn,  bushels 
of. 

Oatd,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  lb».  each. 

Wool.  poundH  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

•?. 

S 

:  . 

S    ° 
a    *• 

1" 
i 

C 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

19,834 
18,006 
22,044 
23,175 
10,315 
27,409 
10,069 
29,680 
31,069 
23,069 
12,  015 
16,  175 
7,467 
21,454 
11,757 
18,681 
28,  124 
11,345 
20,821 
38,  842 
29,349 
31,610 
37,425 
21,  657 
28,523 
23,621 
20,158 
34,  748 
21,834 
16,  782 
18,293 
10,  353 
10,589 
9,  694 
23,099 
10,258 
28,  870 
11,031 
13,  591 
10,  123 
25,  381 
20,  987 
25,008 
21,992 
16,  805 
26,920 
23,282 
14,900 
26,550 
31,949 
31,663 
14,  652 
33,556 
21,  403 
31,415 

$632,  009 
446,241 
494,  380 
395,  306 
163,  542 
606,  162 
572,  910 
461,  429 
615,  518 
336,  848 
297,229 
333,843 
108,  699 
348,141 
403,  250 
447,  800 
402,  743 
201,431 
311,609 
775,  743 
313,  248 
620,  398 
339,  969 
658,332 
444,  800 
475,  297 
461,447 
574,  328 
408,271 
291,258 
265,  395 
302,  400 
202,  400 
171,  739 
453,  696 
145,  484 
780,  682 
193,  480 
212,  315 
189,  152 
433,008 
334,  467 
432,  798 
390,623 
315,  245 
570,  183 
283,  432 
239,  008 
339,008 
548,  433 
608,265 
274,  913 
747,  078 
345,  628 
375,  832 

1,353 
2,  171 
76,  791 
16,  825 
1,840 
52,  770 
50 
8,405 
26,182 
11,643 
22,452 
1,785 
3,700 
16,  247 
1,091 
11,479 
23,  157 
19,  840 
12,033 
19,933 
17,082 
52,630 
29,462 
3,364 
23,202 
1,344 
3,059 
36,641 

ai.osa 

36,506 
103 
1,446 
9,103 
8,710 
7,  337 
3,704 
13,  572 
3,710 
2,  316 
7,104 
24,392 
8,  828 
4,  214 
14,513 
18,963 
11,  803 
13,  495 
16,990 
27,896 
19,918 
5,354 
8,331 
122,644 
24,  114 
12,935 

107 
173 
6,356 
003 
41 
19,960 

364,632 
282,559 
426,  495 
304,  172 
139,  475 
531,669 
:«9,  941 
360,  797 
456,360 
2G5,  119 
238,  380 
211,700 
91,  375 
287,  C91 
239,  923 
317,287 
401,  995 
234,  288 
287,090 
563,093 
272,385 
604,  470 
3(i5,  072 
490,  765 
387,293 
332,  165 
310,  430 
480,  266 
439;  663 
292,158 
282,  450 
189,  988 
179,  642 
193,157 
418,886 
88,  295 
57S  137 
145,  800 
114,480 
150,540 
361,  196 
272,  405 
385,  710 
302,716 
301,  309 
359,  697 
240,  810 
294,  115 
248,  538 
430,  990 
452,  553 
274,094 
663,  540 
300,  102 
285,730 

1,830 
2,380 
35,  449 
3,629 
1,083 
39,630 

545 
50 
37  725 

20,178 
9,  435 

3,028 
4,529 
17,  149 
9,148 
4,  391 
18,  640 
4,701 
7,  553 
10,  902 
8,  725 
5,  473 
407 
1,911 
5,985 
2,  303 
5,  576 
9,568 
6,  343 
5,  731 
15,  174 
C,  157 
19,656 
10,239 
9,130 
10,318 
613 
2,415 
17,808 
14,  338 
8,787 
870 
1,028 
4,  977 
4,958 
4,401 
2,  138 
4,689 
6,107 
1,012 
4,399 
12,  305 
4,  389 
7,  294 
7,  440 
4.847 
4,535 
5,066 
8,596 
4,906 
10,  560 
17,  031 
5,760 
23,295 
S,  656 
7,301 

10,489 
21,5-14 
146 
37,  707 
993 
93 
4,633 
9,301 
42,321 
5,  614 
•       290 
1,851 
700 
8,065 
9,806 
21,811 
0,310 
2,9:)1 
1,320 
26,  460 
13,  499 
6,  196 
1,768 
13,  857 
3,  511 
539 
2,  653 
54 
1,970 
3,834 
1,175 
10,120 
1,  052 
235 
10,  299 
5,  192 
23,  457 
312 
4,  115 
3,527 
3,824 
12,200 
3,  528 
874 
3,  131 
15,301 
660 
192 
3-30 
7,567 
40,  025 
2,  783 
533 
16,  743 
5,010 

11,081 
8,213 
10,  858 
7,029 
1,552 
12,069 
11,430 
• 
7,026 
6,639 
7,  214 
5,123 
2,239 
2,997 
5,  575 
7,405 
13,709 
6,008 
7,519 
9,281 
5,888 
16,  978 
7,  031 
14,  145 
11,535 
2,677 
2,651 
4,346 
13,041 
.    . 
6,404 
5,838 
4,856 
3,  393 
2,031 
4,007 
11,070 
2,993 
4,286 
6,538 
11,357 
8,929 
15,337 
3,239 
3,908 
11,264 
3,619 
5,063 
7,377 
7,233 
8,503 
6,953 
18,030 
9,913 
8,076 

44,  949 
67,  893 
10,  437 
77,406 
23,312 
14,635 
43,  076 
47,  983 
110,771 
16,  912 
12,908 
7,181 
7,261 
59,  997 
24,  021 
75,232 
10,700 
7,404 
19,000 
61,199 
33,273 
29,300 
13,  435 
53,349 
18,  303 
4,999 
33,604 
13,  935 
8,265 
3,900 
6,580 
22,315 
12,  915 
3,  551 
35,  897 
10,515 
40,  593 
12,  157 
13,998 
15,094 
20,035 
35,288 
33,  485 
4,066 
40,982 
36,727 
13,037 
7,550 
13,800 
50,212 
106,011 
6,367 
12,635 
24,  644 
21,384 

825 

2,208 
70 
27,750 

7,  921 
3,  672 
7 
40,948 
7,203 
13,911 
3,181 
198 
4,  075 
318 
9,  20fl 
12,  261 
9,204 
2,  528 
3 
275 
16,548 
1,  793 
2,120 
184 
28,580 
1,560 
10,  483 
*        17,653 
770 
1 
21,063 
1,  214 
7,137 
303 
6 
10,  276 
1,270 
26,  993 
932 
2,577 

3,723 
6,  495 
11,  157 
6G7 
2,502 
9,  275 
400 
9 
130 
10,  697 
17,261 
220 
15 
4,071 
3,768 

i 

219 
1,944 

806 
481 
25 
89 
1,341 

2,444 
11,622 

3,858 
12,000 
150 
1,083 
1,939 
335 
2,052 
14,  253 
4,408 
917 
19,  658 
5,557 
22,  969 
12,  975 
1,585 
21,358 
820 
740 
9,4:11 
15,429 
13,825 

360 
555 

2,279 
1,605 
34,  !)17 
2,040 

1,343 
335 

1,251 
1,  349 
484 
94 
1,656 
090 
1,259 
1,418 
157 
1  ,  079 
211 
108 
257 
4,499 
3,  065 
120 

1,  050 

7,  7.10 
fl,  115 
41,750 
144,  767 
1,019 
14,515 
85,990 
199,774 
2,627 
30,  306 
8 
250 
27,500 
39,  870 
35,967 
500 
1,  245 
8,  570 
17,  452 
10 
1,080 
1,084 
5,634 
4,533 
12,558 
17,  4SO 
4,344 
3,904 
45,  930 
6,283 
10,  470 
2,510 
4J160 
6,  575 
7,763 
50 
5,170 
43,  123 
16,  305 
11,140 

250 

47 
100 

2,  980 

10 

75 

15 



320 
5,138 
6,050 
3,815 
2,513 
2,  l'o 
1,  744 
150 
2,011 
8,445 
7,  50  1 
4,262 
2,544 
2,730 
2,598 
8,213 
9,463 
8,132 
11,518 
9,890 
4,747 
85,  148 
10,837 
11,921 

205 
1,401 
003 
85 
1,265 
102 
50 
236 
857 
715 
409 
147 
410 
5)5 
1,100 
1,737 
9S9 
1,039 
8,033 
571 
6,434 
333 
100 

205 



40 

170 

4=: 

10 

218 

12 

150 
303 

1,171,630 

22,  096,  977 

957,  601 

78,092 

17,  823,  588 

475,  268            16,  831 

989,  960 

367,393 

410,  382 

440,  473 

418,  010 

1,  566,  540 

STATE   OF  ARKANSAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

a 

3 
4 
5 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
1-,' 
13 
14 
IS 

K 

- 

19 

21 
US 

at 

25 

26 
27 

"- 
•-::< 
:i» 

33 
33 
34 
35 
36 

::- 

:>:' 

40 
41 

43 

•11 
45 

4(1 

•r, 

4- 

:,! 
:,-> 
53 
54 
65 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

fi 
£ 

£ 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

!= 
i  > 

Sj| 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

DO 

I 
$ 

— 
0) 

.a 

1    • 
1° 

I 

1 

3 

,a 
*§   c 

i 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

$59» 
4,750 
410 
GSO 
1,237 
170 

$120 
4,  975 
5 

80,  486 
83,350 
77,191 
123  G83 

225 

5 

Ashlrv  

50 

o 
173 

5 

110 

531 

386 

50 

Bradley 

10 

15 

27,  939 

Carroll 

150,  194 
40,008 
41,  903 
27,  498 
44,  903 
36,820 
26,  130 
18,  433 
63,600 
56,  374 
86,  359 
112,  51  1 
50,  455 
66,  519 
110,407 
112,  600 
203,  389 
81,510 
81,573 
115,  537 
4,355 
50,357 
158,543 
97,466 
118,803 
82,  508 
35,841 
39,  579 
31  873 

145 
5 
407 

17 

61 

35 
90 
2,883 

Clark 

30 
50 

440 
2,510 

425 
825 

54 
305 
112 

10 
14 
4 
o 

11 
CO 
104 
76 
13 
45 

840 

200 

455 
5 
8 
20 
960 
1,992 
575 
120 
295 
23 

20 
15 

1,843 
4,700 
30 

125 

5 

40 

967 

119 
o 

133 

8 

3,100 
54 

10 
258 
432 
1,113 

325 

56 
43 

51 
58 
5 

18 

20 

o 

3 

27 

16 

1 
23 

100 
687 
1,762 
100 
162 
182 
24 
],074 
750 
1,196 
54 

13 

48 
1 

77 
22 
o 

4 

o 
40 

2,425 

30 

185 
3 
830 
32 
598 

435 
97 
448 
57 
31 

37 

4,527 

66 

6 

301 

5 

I  awrcnce 

290 
31 
50 

87 
167 
G6 
391 
9 
3 
26 
1 

75 
250 

154 
41 

40 
156 

10 

121 
250 

27 

30 

5 

11 

o 

15 
50 

4 

380 
63 

1,905 

26  364 

Perrv 

24 

J* 

31,215 
114,  908 
39,500 
36,275 
41,015 
103,  091 
93,  124 
J25,  796 
19,  032 
55,  139 
64,  534 
43,067 
45  874 

Phillips  ... 

5,012 
30 

196 

1,280 

282 
4 
407 

30 

104 
CO 

3 

Pike  

41 

G 

110 
350 
175 
375 
255 
753 
25 
200 
225 
10 

Polk               

5 
33 
GO 

80 
4,100 
1,460 
5 
25 
434 
20 
35 
1,000 
175 
17,730 

587 
415 
449 
18 
20 
176 
o 

21 
35 

9 

461 

200 
9,330 

1 

Pulaski 

o 

5 

12 

Saline 

150 
130 
103 

11 

1 

157 

Scott.  ;  . 

20 

10 

72,  712 
95,202 
89,  627 
62,  860 
129,  809 
132,  670 
98,045 

680 

848 

357 
15 

3 

73 

40 

110 

46 

2 

505 

2!IO 
661 
12 
562 

9 

1,781 
11 
37 

243 
30 

7 

450 
565 
85 

7,  025 

14 

1,015 
26 
26 

20 
20 

\Vhlto  

Yell        *• 

125 

Total 

3,  158 

509 

56,025 

1,004 

^45 

4,  067,  556 

16,810 

9,356 

95 

3,168 

140 

STATE   OF   ARKANSAS. 


AOIUf'ULTURK. 


PRODUCED. 

•3 

• 
z 

"3 
> 

1 
1 

| 
'a 
< 

1 
3 
3 

4 
> 
6 
7 
8 
9 
• 

a 

:  ; 
13 
14 

. 
18 
ft 

- 
i 

i 

21 

: 
33 

'I 

: 

.'<; 

.7 
- 
' 
' 
II 

:i3 
; 
I 

' 
•  -. 

:i:i 
40 

41 

• 

a 
.;< 

15 
M 

r. 
;-• 

:  ' 
:  < 

M 

'  : 
' 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

c 

1 
I 

t* 

a 

b 

Silk  cocoon?,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  pugar,  lilids.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molnsses, 
gallons  of. 

o 

1 

1 
Pi 

V. 

a 
& 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

AVaterrotted.toES 
of. 

1 

a 

o, 

i  <i 

0.    S 
V 

t.  •" 
a 
6 

20 
40 
10,  4?4 
10 
195 
17,350 

361 
240 
239 

337 

633 
413 
1,  351 
170 
763 
610 
243 
389 
1,221 
305 
232 
1,190 
238 
71C 
1,674 
515 
2,157 
916 
585 
2  923 
175 
58 
38 
3,399 
889 
2,081 
95 
2,252 
2,  073 

10,048 
3,370 
6,089 
11,129 
6,377 
38,816 
2,815 
18,  978 
1,535 
10,284 
9,  975 
2,715 
7,  330 
13,833 
3,  635 
3,  977 
39,  892 
5,  455 
10,212 
18,185 
7,707 
33,294 
12,  403 
12,  762 
55,  773 
321 
2  512 
6,923 
57,  043 
10,274 
32,303 
1,  331 
11,686 
27,098 
2,  335 
6,  042 
14,  133 
13,  484 
11,256 
19,655 
32,  856 
11,691 
3,009 
653 
22,  455 
12,  830 
16,  362 
22,562 
4,230 
20,853 
25,  921 

1283 

12,  188 
18,  761 
61,  369 
5,584 
51,119 

$64,863 
77,009 
69,297 
90,482 
36.418 
80,223 
28,370 
74,  961 
117,106 
68,644 
54,587 
36,221 
18,464 
63,784 
49,  313 
81,960 
97,  310 
36,313 
60,732 
166,  914 
88,446 
143,  282 
71,393 
89,775 
89,134 
13,732 
65,299 
98,623 
87,920 
53,923 
39,060 
58,143 
49,609 
27,944 
45,290 
23,850 
105,091 
45,488 
21,415 
35,265 
75,636 
86,608 
83,341 
48,964 
70,523 
117,563 
50,811 
54,009 
62,427 
133,766 
146,920 
'        61,475 
129,093 
63,501 
68,705 

1 

i 

73 

15.') 

o 

30j 

54 

1 

4G 

227 
140 
306 
433 

11,408 
9,  951 
13,117 
6,511 
70 
3,767 
11,956 

10 

SO 

25 
23 

o 
1 

1,  521 
41 

241 
1,033 
8,238 
8,413 

7,  123 
21,231 
22,  767 
26,  257 
67,848 
64,569 
51,  110 
32,163 
2,  043 
::/:.: 
336 
3,  242 
37,827 
38,644 
23,284 
2,386 
959 
27,  251 
14,  843 
3,597 
3,932 
65 
15,  931 
4,750 
18,357 
77,427 
4,362 
4,035 
7,980 
13,237 
8,335 
14,266 
22,692 
8,947 
19,  795 
19,204 
19,204 
36,314 
9,112 
22,368 

Ml 

24 

4 

130 

4 

219 
5  367 

450 
210 
20 
100 

2 
3 

1 
2 

45 

1 

7,095 
63 
2,809 

5,  698 
7,746 
6,547 
405 

200 

1,038 

160 

23 

1,907 

111 

20.1 

] 

817 
3,109 

240 

7 

5!)9 

410 
5 
796 
55 

2,411 
1,545 
20 

476 
574 
762 
610 
1,131 
1,747 
639 
547 
30 
900 
4,050 
638 
1,  626 
124 
1,977 
747 

SO 

• 

2 

40 

1 

100 

700 

40 

85 
4,  173 
871 
901 

. 

, 

25 
SOU 

1 

417 

1,  134 
12,808 
380 
607 

933 
1,  192 
382 
1,446 

12,  972 
33,812 
1,844 
23,318 

45 

9 

90 

30 

5) 

""*•••' 

1 

1 

51 

SO 

306 

3,801 

545 

5 

3,077 

124 

115,604 

50,949 

806,327 

:  1,  019,  240 

3,  878,  990 

L  — 

10 


STATE    OF   CALIFORNIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 
2 

3 
4 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
1  i 
13 
13 
i  I 
IS 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
81 
22 
B3 
M 
25 
96 
S7 
38 
89 
30 
31 

as 

33 
34 

g 
30 

n 

38 
39 

•in 
41 
M 
43 
44 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cafch  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Uuimprovcdjin  farms. 

* 

O 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

i& 

55 

82,  1G9 
35,  556 
58,054 
30,  213 
89,704 
8-1,  123 
9,070 
80,  233 
3,770 
0,  324 
2,  849 
20,600 
8,  145 
48,  294 
92,729 
20,  299 
89,  091 
101,683 
8,  144 
20,  700 
58,  335 
218,  39G 
3,990 
8,219 
02,  333 
83,  423 
4,H3 
7,181 
204,178 
3,713 
44,  107 
24,  904 
418 
57,  870 
102,  220 
108,  768 
37,  953 
104,509 
40,887 
4,870 
20,313 
17,  S65 
144,  903 
4.",  058 

158,  716 
51,273 
110,401 
53,  448 
84,  900 
121,710 
10,159 
19,259 
19,431 
23,  705 
280 
1,012,370 
24,  636 
102,  13S 
5,  445 
42,600 
687,  030 
9-1,  7D1 
52,  404 
63,523 
8,795 
113,704 
1,  17D,  470 
128,  674 
104,  215 
47,  595 
499,  863 
2,110 
154,913 
310,  447 
125,  833 
53,  079 
7,012 
21,401 
71,  5S8 
80,453 
30,023 
63,  496 
111,388 
10,021 
85,288 
40,167 
Ml,  375 
7-1,355 

$4,  247,  430 
S89,  045 
1,157,980 
491,  065 
878,  240 
1,888,659 
250,  500 
943,  120 
118,  140 
32  1,  976 
10-1,  800 
1,021,375 
170,  003 
758,  339 
523,  195 
326,  830 
1,  153,  970 
2,  050,  095 
204,  250 
565,  105 
481,000 
3,  470,  000 
957,  060 
289,137 
2,BC2,410 
887,  223 
209,  800 
519,  900 
2,  327,  097 
582,  700 
1,  907,  697 
396,  455 
94,800 
875,  730 
2,  529,  460 
2,  989,  110 
456,  460 
1,250,510 
946,  343* 
218,  700 
372,835 
475,  260 
2,  209,  273 
1,  786,  950 

$173,254 
51,907 
53,  775 
35,  197 
36,  480 
114,  529 
26,  970 
1,  055 
5,  940 
19,  760 
4,150 
44,  805 
17,  370 
34,  870 
39,  022 
25,  620 
41,115 
118,740 
19,  691 
30,  976 
29,  180 
161,182 
10,  650 
17,981 
107,  330 
51,  493 
24,  450 
8,000 
194,  859 
12,  271 
»           78,  057 
29,  985 
610 
08,  802 
100,000 
138,  857 
35,  051 
103,  300 
90,  053 
12,  005 
32,  703 
28,  565 
165,  949 
89,090 

6,252 
o  242 

3,115 
2,108 
3,  502 
0,  640 
300 
2,059 
1,733 
538 
144 
14,  035 
1,123 
3,001 
6,  272 
1,671 
7,  263 
6,681 
792 
1,929 
521 
5,925 
8,708 
1,105 
7,504 
1,437 
5,157 
470 
6,789 
'    4,  720 
2,322 
1,054 
27 
4,675 
7,  561 
10,368 
2,  723 
3,  767 
2,663 
257 
K,  924 
1,039 
5,  017 
2,  035 

503 
383 
476 
371 
196 
53-1 
272 
0:11 

125 
49 
395 
C!)l 
202 
70 
178 
141 
351 
318 
172 
178 
591 
575 
155 
79 
257 
45 
609 
8 
716 
72 
272 
78 
41 
696 
194 
448 
118 
416 
336 
513 
321 
322 
373 
322 

15,  904 
5,  393 
5,411 
3,  633 
4,400 
10,  083 
904 
4,  400 
8,714 
1,633 
690 
3,397 
1,804 
7,  767 
8,310 
962 
3,047 
5,  947 
1,  203 
2,  121 
1,724 
11,  592 
2,800 
7J3 
7,399 
2,055 
1,796 
1,183 
7,690 
890 
4,939 
1,728 
104 
0,2110 
5,  116 
16,  037 
9,488 
3,  731 
4,  435 
770 
•  4,980 
1,759 
9,005 
3,440 

601 
1,081 
744 
414 
250 
943 
282 
1,071 
1,143 
322 
44 
733 
340 
906 
1,188 
175 
445 
1,149 
284 
268 
705 
611 
467 
126 
432 
320 
550 

34,  75(i 
7,359 
22,  908 
0,133 
44,724 
24,  321 
913 
17,  236 
10,  444 
2,583 
1,527 
71,  078 
7.55S 
18,  921 
28,940 
27,  030 
60,264 
22,  031 
2,908 
9,880 
7,446 
31,  014 
87,  783 
1,362 
35,  210 
7,447 
15,  452 
1,009 
30,  466 
70,  170 
11,921 
7,589 
125 
21,413 
34,767 
31,385 
18,562 
24,  942 
10,289 
2,158 
36,  379 
x  o  701 

17,046 
8,436 

54,  303 
1-1,013 
10,011 
8,  247 
21,  880 
25,402 
785 
8,  057 
30,  885 
14 

Butto 

Colusi  

El  Dorado  

94,  039 
7,813 
9,  979 
9,382 
14,181 
190,056 
24,  827 
1,147 
23,  280 
1,  230 
25,224 
65,  550 
5,232 
18,  607 
10,407 
13,  768 
1,229 
15,  821 
92,  950 
3,540 
2,034 
55 
2,403 
92,083 
35,589 
11,280 
28,  989 
21,  475 
203 
16,  521 
2,  124 
40,  251 
24,013 

Santa  Cruz 

617 
275 
736 
649 
53 
1,014 
483 
1.598 
303 
984 
455 
208 
1,01-1 
576 
515 
714 

Suiter  

Tehama  

Trinity  

Tuluro  

Yolo  

Total  

2,  468,  034           6,  262,  000 

48,  720,  804 

2,  558,  506 

160,610 

'  3,681 

J^aOS,  407 

20,004 

948,  731 

1,088,002 

STATE    OF   CALIFORNIA. 


11 


AGRICULTURE. 


UVK  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Kye,  bushels  of. 

a 

p 
.a 

i* 

a 

a 

•3 

Outs,  bushels  of. 

Rico,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of4001b».  each. 

•8 

a 

t 

1 
?~ 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

£ 

d 
& 

i's' 
1* 

a 

Sweet  potatoes,  buj-h- 
ela  of. 

1 

!     2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15    , 
16 
17 
18 
19 
90 
21 
22 
21 
24 
25 
26 
27 
23 
29 
3J 
31 
32 
33 
M 
33 
X 
37 
38 
39 
40  . 
41 
4J 
43 
44 

7,621 
11,427 
ST.,  590 
7,854 
22,037 
1G,  148 
2,283 
10,  7G3 
5,892 
4,266 
1,430 
1,  494 

3,  373 

S,  477 
21,056 
5,  240 
3,849 
18,  572 
4,408 
13,622 
841 
K>,  304 
153 
531 
7,  679 
3,  853 
633 
573 
.19,  024 
1,092 
,«T«76 
14,  924 
304 
6,280 
18,453 
35,149 
5,  039 
19,  240 
15,  931 
1,936 
32,  546 
2,268 
26,172 
17,  153 

(1,  G45,  399 
768,  351 
1,007,130 
541,604 
1,349,795 
1,291,528 
149,  180 
731,  104 
293,  450 
149,  939 
a  17,  505 
1,451,089 
26!),  345 
754,  748 
1,  193,  8S2 
642,111 
1,073,309 
957,  025 
289,  880 
513,  157 
467,  400 
1,612,226 
1,422,435 
141,661 
1,  335,  635 
308,  907 
412,300 
142,  205 
1,445,212 
1,  120,810 
701,  051 
333,  210 
21,585 
1,110,317 
1,591,898 
1,  591,  648 
728,  581 
1,217,577 
752,  479 
170,  427 
1,  212,  381 
325,465 
1,379,750 
840,  335 

i     i,043 
42,  094 

130,  058 
10,  241 
99,250 
407,  151 
19*116 
10,  491 
4,  945 
25,  374 
14,  275 
55,196 
2,823 
41,731 
33,  7G5 
'    4l,7:iO 
120,811 
531,  375 
5,210 
82,  442 
10.J23 
3(»,  554 
9,900 
8,233 
549,195 
166,  133 
8,695 

6,110 
220 
1,540 
10 
320 
40 

16,900 
26,700 
9,365 
664 
3,  955 
3,644 
375 
392 
3,  SCO 
103 
2,205 
85,  010 
200 
1,  597 
21,740 
17,990 
13,270 
28,320 
955 
225 
10 
21,870 

250,  564 
510 
4,750 
475 
150 
54,231 
28,875 
408 

1,000 

284,735 
20,650 
92,400 
10,335 
66,900 
71,  108 

13,  720 

C,!i3 
375 
586 

149,  232 
14,852 
13,  150 
6,427 

1,0110 
28J 
8.'X) 

S,  COO 

3,  5  13 
10,  595 
160 
100 
19,625 
405 
2,465 
4 
1,876 
956 
1,  ICO 
42,950 
260 
134 
203 

10,  3-13 
25,  857 
10,637 
1,030 
52,154 
10,865 
15,034 
50 
303,  905 
18,034 
1,  203 
45,  178 
4,  430 
7,  070 
2,507 
16,  631 
305,  222 
3,200 
2,  131 
4,620 
71,730 
190 
Hi,  350 
14,160 
16,  405 
78,  748 
14,280 
15,282 

230 

1,  130 

770 

10 
200 

95 

17,  624 

14,  375 
405 
325 
116,242 
17,710 
SCO 
46,  079 
16,  290 
160 
610 
27,830 
23,545 
! 
Ifti 
17,  240 
21,880 
KiO 
9  6°0 

209,  869 

19,200 
1,050 
1,840 

17,820 
18,  794 
28,500 
485,  167 
31,390 

2,  C85 

480 

2,350 
60 
825 

31,  330 

183 

8,808 

2  500 

171,  005 
150.200 

5,  065 

108,635 

880 
1,800 

803 

10,565 
3,960 
17,  321 
2,300 

4,  (XX) 
19,  000 
24,873 
5,150 

99 
121 
22,  985 
205 
16,  950 
50 
1,279 
2,882 
1,400 

50 

190 

40 
24,000 
2,000 

445,234 
21,095 
165,502 
32,686 

5,185 
11,610 
1,777 
30 

5,585 
35,430 
2,778 
4,335 

1,230 
13,  550 
48,  065 
1,310 

36,  477 
269,  100 
7,535 

200 

1,240 
27,375 

53,969 
427,  796 
276,564, 
22,  597 
141,305 
207,  295 
7,08(i 
40,268 
13,  393 
422,  964 
171,  762 

5,135 
3,360 
75,  4S8 
5,923 
8,260 
8,  420 
897 
6,353 
617 
11,  5»X) 
34,  740 

95,690 
3,000 

187,  438 

1,150  , 
240,937 
78,223 
38,249 
83,062  j 
32,  675 

1,001 

7,781 
416 
: 
4(il 
644 
592 
255 
216 
3,036 

54,001 

j 

421 
614 
130 
1,715 
158 
150 
921 
1,885 
1,005 

150 

321,675 

130 

1 

3,240 
5,605 
34,  598 

4,  0(17 
12,413 
86,  730 
12,  870 

5,  800 
1,031 
1,014 
400 
3,681 
5,980 

600 

250 

ft 

4,360 

16,900 
150 
146,606 
97,  487 

1,636 

400 

14,010 

- 

456,396 

35,  583,  017 

5,  928,  4,70 

52,  140 

510,  708 

1,  043,  006 

2,  140 

3,150 

2,  G83,  109           163,  574 

1,789,463 

214,307 

12 


STATE   OF    CALIFORNIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

g 

3 

4 
5 
(i 
7 
B 
9 
10 
11 
IS 
13 
14 
IS 
16 
17 
J.J 

in 

20 
Si 
23 
33 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
. 
;;i 
38 
3Q 
34 
35 
38 
37 

as 

39 
40 
4 
49 
43 
44 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Darley.  bushuls  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-frardeii  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pouads  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

*o 
1 

5? 

*o 

1 

a 

1° 
> 

_o 
O 

"o 

a 

^ 

'S  ° 
£ 

I 

a 

Hops,  pound  of. 

828,  015 
41,  580 
107,  008 
37,  1G9 
106,  340 
225,850 
2,600 
11,868 
22  030 

9,865 
1,930 
200 
100 

$28,  530 
20,  910 
13,  277 
2G,  567 
200 
9,835 

8,040 

87 
2,300 

277 

$129,  720 
20,  840 
4,  925 
28,  072 
600 
11,394 
9,  175 
48,  406 
1,100 
3,350 
1,000 
8,920 
3,425 

81,000 
42,  765 
16,  925 
48,  797 
70,  915 
149,  618 
18,  025 
00,  000 
2,524 
34,  110 
3,  450 
10,330 
22,  480 
342,  798 
55,  037 
15,  705 
89,  784 
87,  825 
20,  650 
30,  039 
93,100 
239,  899 
1,000 
42,763 
222  212 
32,  100 
7,  005 
6,600 
79,  014 
12,608 
205,  273 
31,  660 
400 
105,  902 
120,  275 
303,  590 
10,315 
27,  901 
10,640 
9,  025 
39,380 
10,  700 
180,  042 
72,  834 

20,  872 
1,930 
1,320 
6,610 
2,270 
215,  586 
300 
2,560 

13,  800 
5,  759 
7,002 
5,512 
6,090 
9,  101 
496* 
4,750 
804 
871 
153 
2,476 
3,016 
2,359 
3,  257 
1,753 
6,482 
8,017 
2,231 
5,065 
14,684 
32,  702 
135 
550 
14,  438 
3,756 
1,  446 
3,  G43 
14,  520 
893 
12,  524 
4,964 
33 
8,758 
10,194 
18^353 
6,238 
7,  709 
6,721 
1,035 
980 
5  321 

1 

20 

Butto  ... 

ColusI 

3,  OC2 
590 
20 

2,537 

El  Dorado  

84,  815 
150 
410 
300 
57,  290 
150 
300 

6,  404 

3 

1,  179 

32 

8,350 

Klamath 

46,455 

4,  000 

162,  980 

10,700 

700 
2,700 
196,  870 
20,  400 
2,700 
06,  310 
23,  965 
755 
0,250 

29  570 

153 
135 
50 
1,139 
710 

1 

17,171 
47,  148 
154,  264 
70,  507 
2,  390 
43,  2C8 
3,  020 
514,715 
11,050 
9,917 
116,  207 
108,  135 
16,850 
200 
450  830 

100 
4,915 
4,080 
450 
32,500 
39,  186 
51,275 
139,  214 
150 
300 
40,550 

3,800 
4,415 
30,  215 
5  770 

700 
8,  7  15 

5 

7 

1 

21,  925 

722 

"5 

2,  915 
8,000 
7 

70,  SCO 
11,700 
2,450 
30,  095 
5,480 
400 

4,550 
10,550 
8,520 
3,721 

100,  740 
50 
12,  080 
181,1051 
15,  500 
7,800 

.              5 

7 

15 

Santa  Cniz  

3,  745 

70 

800 
72,800 
11,490 
3,  500 
28,  470 
18,310 
48,030 
82,040 
44,  520 
8,187 
4,525 
7,350 
8,800 
60,  775 
5,  105 
49,200 
24,000 
80,320 

10,450 
1,100 
1,545 
10,250 
3,700 

50 

8,510 
14,310 
23,  585 
1,000 

33,  730 
54,  9CO 

335 

2,114 

1,000 

Shasta 

25,  480 
153  937 

15 

100 
20,  785 
29,  131 
COO 
4,000 
13  670 

12,023 
30,  299 

141,068 
9,885 
18,  500 
5,  175 
031 
14,970 

148 

3,095 

1,990 

125,  810 
33,897 
159,  308 
154  500 

3,803 

Sutler 

2,450 

1,375 

Trinity 

1,180 
29  25') 

55 

050 
1,300 
54  980 

10 

Tulare 

5,  153 
401,980 
142,  188 

5,  825 
50 
2,180 

Yolo 

70 
41,391 

18,141 
142,  490 

114,  6110 
3,330 

27,100 
13,  225 

10 
50 

Vuba  

50 

100 

Total  . 

4,  415,  426 

76,887 

| 
754,230  1        240,518 

I,101,P55           3,095,035 

1,343,689 

305,  CM 

90 

286 

80 

STATE   OF   CALIFORNIA. 


13 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

o 
o 
p 

•3 

1 

Jl 

t 

« 
•3 

00 

I 

'£ 
< 

1 
. 

: 
1 

6 

7 

i 
1 
: 
14 
15 

17 
18 
19 
1 
31 
21 
23 
24 
. 
28 
27 
• 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
; 
42 
43 
44 

HEMP. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pound* 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
],  GOO  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal- 
Ions  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beenrax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounda  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

1 

Tf 

f 

I  ° 

fe 
ci 

Q 

AVater  rotted,  tons 
of. 

K   a 

S.  a 

„  z 

o 
4] 

0 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

$149,  2G8 
170,  G61 
71,575 
213,030 
44,  695 
84,989 
32,  GG5 
354,054 
1,650 
18,551 
21,  W3 
13,800 
72,000 
40,  177 
33,  242 
16,795 
59,718 
67,302 
110,300 
67,005 
74,550 
37,102 
•  35,  500 
16,392 
61,  645 
10,300 
23,  315 

1 

• 

65 

, 

85 

$80,  080 

100 

30 

17 

80,0-10 



:• 

1,  KM 

150 

COO 

48,794 

' 

16,  059 



95 

4,  F83 

j 

450 

• 

290 

a,  764 

1,600 

| 

1C3 

8,885 
0,000 
74,907 
82,035 
166,938 
172,  022 
168,085 
129,009 
38,254 
86,564 
30,427 
119,971  i 
75,  !W5 
139,  460 

1 

14,590 
1,735 
4,170 
1,094 

i 

2 

i 

100 
35 

100 

250 

8,711 

31 
305 

200 

92,  207 
148,  912 

i 

6 

32 

... 


i 

i                   !                           -1       ... 

0 

552 

564 

12,276 

255,053 

3,  449,  823 

r  i  i  i  

STATE  OF  CONNECTICUT. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

5 
6 
7 

8 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

g 

a 

t4 

0 

0 

13 

3 
0 

Furmiug  implements*  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

i 

a 
v 

1 

hH 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

i 

o 

Asses  and  mules. 

Mileh  cowa. 

Working  oxen. 

o 

3 

V 

5 

d 

0 

£> 

Fairficld 

230,  092 
290,  219 
330.  669 
144,  104 
211,  652 
233,  857 
119,  992 
239,  622 

08,  321 
91,  496 
131,  941 
5C,  533 
0")  *3°7 
88,  804 
55,235 
82,  799 

$15,944,881 
19,863,633 
14,414,233 
5,  730,  601 
13,  973,  305 
9,464,881 
3,  836,  370 
7,  012,  095 

$310,222 
553,633 
365,  183 
139,714 
347,  517 
250,  818 
153,  377 
219,  017 

5,  535 
5,  946 
5,691 
2,191 
4,  872 
3,  468 

2,  eso 

3  41T 

25 
21 
9 
4 
13 
8 

0 

14,  769 
14,  795 
81,901 
5,  956 
12,  124 
12,  773 
5,  060 
11,439 

6,479 
6,906 
7,593 
5,  128 
7,  308 
5,  942 
3,049 
5,474 

12,  673 
14,493 
20,  493 
7,871 
13,  623 
10,927 
5,  155 
9,  836 

9,021 
12,  386 
25,  106 
8,506 
14,643 
21,  454 
7,070 
15,615 

Hartford 

I.itehfield  . 

Tolland  

Total 

1,  830,  807 

673,  457 

90,  830,  005 

2,  339,  481 

33,  276 

82 

98,  877 

47,  939 

95,  091 

117,  107 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

•3 

i 

s  * 

i 

COUNTIES. 

I 

1  « 

o 

a  £ 

o 

c 
-a 

s 

=5 

o 

.a 

&  ° 

«    o" 

J 

o 

o 

o 

*e  "rf 

a 

£ 

g, 

to  ^ 

& 

-1 

d 

S 

O 

o 

c 

% 

5 

ii 

»jj 

1 

~. 

S 

I 

of 

a 

;- 

«    £, 

s 

? 

o 

S 

0 

» 

P 

0 

"" 

* 

ffi 

w 

0 

° 

w 

1 

84  G 

46  635 

$77  07° 

16  500 

§107  530 

1  357  °07 

10°  984 

63  499 

311 

4  '13 

205 

0 

Hartford    . 

1  343 

33  920 

1°0  013 

6  905 

144  7C8 

1  308  370 

302  497 

87  7°  I 

116 

85 

4° 

Q 

Litchfifld  

2  897 

53  086 

65  333 

3  358 

4  007 

1  511  109 

0  406  801 

100  901 

483 

KO^ 

10G 

4 

438 

24  307 

44  6-13 

3  7°8 

4  174 

570  855 

27  186 

45  ?G5 

]5 

OO1 

80 

•i 

3  619 

49  062 

1°  048 

30  810 

988  134 

137  774 

79  933 

3GG 

203 

30° 

6 

8  718 

26  315 

45  7°7 

2  0°5 

°5  004 

881  955 

272  178 

63  307 

377 

2  4°4 

14 

7 

Tolland 

1  147 

°0  5*7 

3GO  095 

107  946 

31  619 

279 

8° 

g 

1  805 

613  187 

5-11  945 

60  550 

11  9°4 

Total 

20  813 

309  107 

7  6-X)  01° 

3  898  411 

56°  4°5 

13  671 

13  0°4 

959 

STATE  OF  CONNECTICUT. 


15 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE 

STOCK. 

rnoiJUCED 

Swine. 

o 

p 
| 

X 
o 

II 
V 

3 

"Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

-5 
*o 
a 
s 
£1 

f  =• 

O 

1 

1 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobncco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  boles 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

•s 

1 

A 

i 
'f 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

•a 

S 

i« 

C       00 

i"3 
3 
s 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
el  a  of. 

13  491 

$1  735  071 

12,038 

115,511 

378,  582 

300,205 

61  975 

27  964 

405 

253  0°9 

0 

1 

10  935 

1  901,211 

8,523 

120,419 

33(i,  143 

17(i,  582 

4  221  474 

32  804 

1  743 

381  103 

9 

2 

12  656 

2  225,  Gil 

12,420 

100,927 

300,  512 

373,  201 

730  185 

81  400 

D19 

,     . 

17 

1 

4  8lii 

-   i  •     ' 

7,  082 

57,  703 

138,  971 

58.C84 

433  215 

22  800 

1  201 

120  408 

1 

9  507 

1  G5ti,  808 

0,492 

134,  7M 

325,004 

160,  484 

153  453 

34  382 

8  4CT 

271  301 

2  530 

!)  9S8 

1  212,262 

D37 

37,307 

275,604 

173,  852 

333 

6')  851 

8  221 

187  14° 

148 

c 

3  374 

GOG,  473 

1,  47C 

22,491 

90,463 

71,585 

393  470 

20  336 

1  418 

109  9°1 

7 

10  1G5 

1  07-1  344 

2  833 

29  G30 

208  490 

199  105 

40  443 

3  340 

°n  01° 

75  120 

11  311  079 

52  401 

G18  702 

2  059  835 

1  522  218 

G  000  133 

335  8DO 

25  864 

1  8TJ  148 

2  710 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

j 

a 

3 
4 

0 
7 
8 

iiKMr. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxsccd,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

• 
-3 

a 

3 

o 

A 

i-T 

.-:    •- 
tt    O 

1 

Jn 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

i 
t 

i  "° 

11 

I 

r~. 

O 

>3 

3 
C 

CH 
M" 

rt 

i 

o 

•3 
q 

c 
p. 

C.' 
C 
O 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

•o 

E   o. 
&  S 

o 

0     ~ 

a 

O 

o 

4CO 

10 

401 
730 
887 
3S4 
931 
361 
400 
187 

7,  702 
8,004 
10,  Ml 
4,778 
9,008 
5,007 
5,0i8 
5,  492 

e-2,754 
9,361 
4,700 
8,660 
8,104 
2,889 
7,647 
4,839 

$.'21,811 
600,043 
430,  559 
197,  721 
540,089 
379,067 
187,  543 
318,  559 

4,332 

13 
1,940 

772 

24 

37  412 

50 
1,981 

1 

15 

75 

3 

395 

90 
11 

15 

450 

223 

3 

1,187 

109 

18 

44,  259 

395 

2,277 

4,371 

62,  730 

48,954 

3,  181,  992 

16 


STATE    OF   DELAWARE. 


AGRICULTURE. 




(3 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

£ 

LIVE  STOCK. 

G    (.• 

m 

i 

1 

S   ? 

« 

COUNTIES. 

<5 

a 

V^ 

o 

o 

- 

- 

« 

C.    >» 

g 

o 

™ 

s 

•§  s 

C 

K 

^ 

o 

o 

tc  3 

c 

tc 

s 

g 

d, 
E 

>" 

1 

0 

o 

o 

13 

E 

p, 

'g 

i 

d 

c 

3» 

— 

o 

^3 

g 

& 

O 

K 

"^ 

" 

f* 

O 

eo 

Kt-nt  

204,  92.ri 

104,  C57 

£8,  778,  258 

^003  ooo 

5,  208 

1,092 

C,  17ti 

8,087 

5  514 

o 

190  45G 

44,  215 

1G,  G33,  17G 

433,  003 

7,057 

500 

11,228 

1   717 

9  852 

4  1CT 

°1P  358 

0  014  923 

1G1  658 

4  297 

70° 

5  180 

5  i(n 

Totul     

C37,  005 

3C7,  230 

31,426,357 

817,  883 

10,  5G2 

2,294 

22,535 

9,530 

25,  590 

18,  857 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

-r. 

i 

"o 

•3 

o 

f. 

D 

. 

C.  <« 

o 

"S 

1C 

. 

COUNTIES. 

iS 

fl 

o     • 
S  ° 

o 

3 

C      o 

pS    s 

•9 

f 

-= 

o 

£ 

"5  *o 

o 

£    ? 

o 

o 

"2  "S 

•S     *g 

a 

PI 

— 

*—    :* 

- 

o 

Pi 

"C" 

5    " 

S    ^ 

0 

cu 

*" 

o 

• 

of 

rt 

c 

- 

K 

O 

"- 

^ 

PQ 

~ 

° 

C 

~ 

Kent 

500 

8  °fi() 

035  G14 

153 

$°  OGG 

271  500 

O 

5  150 

300 

439 

121 

9 

3  128 

3  924 

fi.">  342 

530 

35  379 

981  380 

6  3G9 

3  194 

714 

293 

18 

4  1C0 

13  180 

35° 

177  562 

208 

4  031 

12 

Total  

3  64  G 

1C  355 

114  225 

083 

37  797 

1  430  502 

6  579 

36  973 

3  595 

1  165 

414 

STATE   OF   DELAWARE. 


17 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

»J 

1 

o 

•a 

a 

a 

o 

•°  •§ 

A 

JB 

a 

•3 

0 

I 

1 

I 

•a 

N 

• 

o 

g 

B 

a 

o" 

0       . 

i  i 

| 
1 

ll 

I  o 

CS      11 
C     " 

8  »; 

1 

B 

1 

cT 

§ 

i5 

o 

5 

go 

8 

§ 

| 

^ 

01 

21 

* 

H 

« 

O 

w 

H 

C 

£ 

PI 

-1 

cc 

18  551 

1  3.'4  247 

317  87G 

157 

17,532 

3  158 

107  735 

49  803 

2  TJ7 

1   141   9GT 

G7f>  005 

8  700 

12  594 

1  5-11 

175  548 

8  417 

800  *J°7 

10(1  444 

C  3°1 

1  39(>  ]27 

52  030 

842 

20  075 

2  739 

94,648 

83,993 

47,848 

3,144,706 

912,  941 

27,209 

3,  892,  337 

1,0-16,910 



9,699 

50,201 

7,438 

377,931 

145,  213 

AGRICULTURE 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

1 
9 
3 

IirMl1. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxsced,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molaspes,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorphum  molasses, 
gulloug  of. 

lleeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  vuluc  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

fi. 

I" 
O 

5,076 

2,014 

15 
97 

775 

717 
121 

305 
100 

IP,  111 
3,100 
44,  926 

?3,  021 
59 
14,511 

?  173,  470 
190,0% 
209,509 



3,03G 

8,112 

2,126 

,« 

1,993 

60,137 

17,  591 

573,  075 

18 


STATE    OF    FLORIDA. 


A  G  R  I  C  U  L  T  U  II  E  . 


1 

3 

-1 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
!•; 
1:1 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
3o 
30 
37 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  nnd  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

| 
c 

Asses  and  mules. 

£ 

o 

o 

s 

«-; 

Working  oxen. 

"rt 
§ 

6 

d 
o 
o 
JS 
W 

37,320 

310 
G,  001 
4,747 
20,  196 

153,  775 

1,887 
25,  341 
18,  025 
107,  021 

4  $1,403,  002 
23,  340 
218,540 
120,  880 
012,  492 

$87,  024 
440 
17,  050 
9,222 
35,  901 

928 
41 
J25 
270 
751 

747 
4 
115 
119 
359 

6,  589 
1,374 

1,055 
2,100 
3,  082 

137 
13 
170 
207 
83 

11,373 
0,  327 
3,  185 
5,429 
0,  030 

2,380 

Brevard  

500 
475 
855 

C'lav  

Dado*  

4,  432 
800 
68 
C7,  235 
2,511 

4!),  510 
C,  070 
193 
187,  125 
70,  050 

220,  317 
28,  875 
5,000 
1,417,050 
441,  093 

11,400 
936 
050 
155,  450 

17,068 

208 
00 
o 
950 
553 

04 
32 

333 

1,089 
707 

475 
48 

4,100 
2,380 

533 

708 

Franklin  

3,  358 

2,  595 

090 
112 

10,  483 
C,  494 

2,  350 
1,  091 

0,082 
5,251 
7.-,,  812 
CO,  705 
0,500 
110,  COO 
7,  773 
7,714 
59,  328 
2,201 
54,  540 
05 
4,833 
15,147 
2,763 
7,441 
8,281 
1,501 
15,  008 
4,  050 
5,  072 
3,  008 
15,  283 
0,  081 
11,245 

24,  285 
11,059 
149,  080 
199,  460 
22,600 
jyto  ooo 

20,  813 

54,088 
137,  404 
5,  002 
120,  370 
17 
20,  840 
52,  088 
0,  435 
21,270 
4,215 
14,  172 
40,  190 
15,342 
15.C8J 
11,642 
97,  931 
24,  025 
14,  584 

178,  070 
02,  753 
1,360,189 
1,  046,  074 
170,090 
2,  482,  211 
84,017 
373,  040 
1,  400,  002 
97,  095 
1,887,  115 
11,300 
145,  455 
305,  040 
00,555 
210,  800 
23,  285 
09,  51)0 
300,  207 
I'.tO,  873 

99,810 
287  330 
151,671 
80,  983 

11,031 
5,  850 
51,780 
88,293 
0,  514 
94,  303 
3,518 
7,  330 
64,319 
0,512 
83,  790 
05 
5,  P32 
20,  250 
8,081 
10,139 
708 
5,  ',70 
10,  139 
2,  302 
4,  500 
0,  072 
14,  500 
12,  052 
11,800 

288 
159 
1,071 
023 
117 
1,063 
315 
185 
'  700 
188 
982 
g 
209 
500 
140 
257 
107 
229 
321 
327 
205 
159 
315 
303 
211 

08 
35 
930 
1,420 
98 
2,041 
272 
111 
1,  059 
58 
1,061 

4,  032 
1,002 
5,  950 
2,070 
050 
3,  134 
4,375 
1,479 
3,221 
556 
7,  7G4 
3 
2,027 
5,  317 
1,659 
1,934 
708 
1,785 
2,030 
5,388 
1,540 
1,  755 
1,GC8 
3,010 
2,011 

99 
133 
933 
477 
01 
890 
28 
130 
203 
122 
353 

32,  780 
2,  135 

12,527 

2,  052 
8,271 
7,010 
3,  083 
C,  061 
31  252 
19,  005 

470 
754 

2,780 
2,791 
258 
3,  439 
433 
575 
1,707 
8 
2,202 

Lafayette  

Liberty  

170 
30 
103 
0 
31 
195 
82 
55 
21 
200 
65 
101 

457 
103 

50 

148 
45 
85 
70 
21 
88 
51 
408 
2!  II 

0,  174 
18,510 
4,  759 
7,448 
1,  509 
0,  430 
4,  504 
18,977 
3,  447 
12,281 
4,  813 
5,707 
171 

813 

1,  007 

437 
40 
500 
104 
238 
20 
204 
2,  020 
310 

St  John's 

Sumter  

Volusia 

Wakulla 

Walton  

Washington  .  . 

Total  

651,213           2,200,015 

10,435,707 

000,  COO 

13,  -1  1(1 

in,  910 

92,  974 

7,  301 

287,  725 

30,  158 

No  rrtum. 


STATE    OF    FLORIDA. 


19 


AGRICULTURE. 


j  ii      r^r- 
LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

1 
9 
3 
4 

5 
6 

7 

9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
111 

18 

30 

SI 

! 

33 
34 
35 
36 
37 

28 
29 

30 
31 

:  ; 
34 
35 
36 
37 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

0 
.0 

a 
a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rico,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

a 

o 

1-5 
«    « 

a 

Sweet  potatoes.  bnsh- 
el»  of. 

11,580 
1,104 
2,507 
6,085 
2,  243 

$330,  938 
15,  780 
69,110 
85,  049 
220,  243 

118 

130,  837 
1,395 
41,400 
25,  097 
118,  913 

967 

11,043 

8,070 

3,714 

4,123 

25,158 
2,  11!) 
3,  190 
1,035 
27,410 

1,187 
OcX) 
50 
111 
1,197 

57,  464 
4,215 
17,  840 
17,  151 
8,023 

111,800 
100 
20,000 

612 
178 
1,284 

870 
360 
2,030 

176 
9,701 

•           49 

501 

8,  833 

3,859 
1,  12-1 
50 
15,  824 
11,241 

47,  009 
40,  790 
50 
362,  765 

177,  176 

0 
8 

31,555 
5,790 

10 

2,030 
22  050 

168 

COO 
1,370 

3,827 
1,660 

775 
70 
600 
711 
980 

25,  082 
7,060 
700 
117,820 
38,410 

50 
856 

255 

407 

257,  505 
117,  847 

22  500 

553,701 
275 

4,  335 
1,627 

5,831 
1,309 

32,253 
30,  240 

2,169 

208 

7,  584 
3,  !)19 
23,  125 
21,144 
2,556 
23,  266 
7,684 
5,142 
17,050 
2,805 
IS,  7D7 

255,  519 
58,250 
39')  002 

59 
15 

43,  501 
24,615 
268,600 
357,  972 
26,  617 
421,654 
15,  243 
52,  850 
296,  361 
2,622 
151,  179 

90 
335 
1,135 
1,  725 
85 
1,275 
30 
765 
3,705 
20 
18,488 

312 
3,285 
5,115 

200 
280 
30,200 

83 
281 
8,  035 
10,847 
918 
16,686 
151 
619 
6,438 
o 

3,999 

860 
1,  497 
2,911 
8,310 
85 
6,  550 
530 
2,  573 
3,  -ICJ 
10 
0,907 

3,431 

2,  510 
9,405 
7,711 
3,277 
30,177 
4,  627 
2,900 
47,7.15 
1,890 
44,  094 

389 
136 
385 
185 
152 
2,056 
512 
381 

55,425 
12,835 
84,099 
81,  116 
10,528 
130,038 
12,574 
15,227 
82,986 
14,915 
94,  861 
100 
21,999 
38,090 
12,  452 
21,583 
5,  143 
15,144 
26,067 
15,690 
18,005 
13,  135 
5,009 
26,444 
19,  225 

25 
280 
830 
12 
1,908 

398,  893 
46,  937 

25 

1,  620 
13,990 

175 
18,250 

503,  526 
89,  178 

75,  257 
347,  410 
194,  400 
447,  268 

149 
947 

29,875 
1,000 
2,700 
35,  765 

34,900 
150 

1,295 

80 
3,407 

3 

15,151 

680 

5,  778 
14,965 
2,165 
6,653 
1,  627 
2,863 
6,214 
4,088 
5,910 
3,840 
8,106 
7,475 
5,407 

138,  811 
219,637 
58,295 
111,850 
30,  248 
67,800 
102,  148 
17:!,  914 
58,  124 
113,984 
98,626 
120,711 
87,  998 

27,  491 

2,400 

154 
821 
128 
CIO 
8 
1 
653 
277 
90 
193 
704 
430 
332 

1,  14.T. 
1,004 

3,120 
14,053 
2,710 
8,699 
785 
2,413 
15,  805 
1,410 
6,  302 
3,575 
9,070 
5,510 
3,108 

75 
680 
187 
140 
12 
308 
555 
191 
324 
265 
1,009 
543 
513 

30 
227 

189 

61,119 
9,  835 
°6  830 

4,977 
451 

19,530 
1,300 
500 
100 
8,900 
4,500 
1,050 
600 
1,900 
7,350 
10,260 
3,  944 

260 

10,568 
11,290 
56,389 
22  397 

55 

20 

20 

85 

062 

70 
600 
230 

780 
84 
210 

49 

28 

27,100 
13,  035 
78,708 
55,  979 
41,915 

12 

300 
182 
608 

7,300 
4,868 

36,086 

413 
3,733 

462 

130 

130 
115 

271,  742 

5,  853,  356              2,  808        21,  300 

2,834,391 

46,  899          223,  7OI 

828,  815  f         65,  153 

59,  171 

303,217 

18,766 

1,129,759 

STATE    OF    FLORIDA. 


A  GUI  CULTURE. 


1 

3 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
1] 
13 
13 

;i 

15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
30 
31 
22 
33 
34 
35 
36 
27 
33 
29 
30 
31 

33 
34 
35 
36 
37 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market  -garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

o 

i 

o 
p. 

Lf 

-2 
a 

n 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

to 
3 

o 

t^ 
• 

>3 

13 

ja 

1    o 

b 

O 

> 

£ 

0 

1 
0 

,5 

'C        Q 

2 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

Alacbua  

1 

$1,  812 

93 

$60 

32,851 
2,476 
9,850 
975 
15,239 

302 
130 

801 

Clay  

500 
5,797 

5,584 
616 

4,405 

35 

Dado  

Duval  

105 
1,200 

2,370 
ICO 
1,900 

3,255 
1,430 

137 
12 

Gadsden  

153 

12,435 

13,  785 

IlilUborough  

21,  410 
5,  800 

O.J    OQ8 

1,557 
140 
30 
1,579 
12 
100 

79 

Holmes  

C90 

15 
40 

8,350 

30 
20 

225 

50 
54 

2-1,  589 
3,950 
32,  110 
3,054 
5,847 
34,  339 
6,360 
51,  804 

15 

00 

2,251 
8 
175 

607 

Liberty  

350 

475 
395 

3 

1,073 

10 
3,000 
1,100 
1,425 

100 
25 
4,111 
05 
50 

1,000 
12,  104 
5,712 
9,365 
1,050 
5,385 
0,775 
12,  100 
6,253 
3,570 
13,  581 
13,655 
8,938 

100 
325 

03 
40 

35 

150 

20 

St.  John's  

500 
3,715 

2,010 
1,095 

82 

220 

Taylor  

4  150 

o 

Wukulla  

Walton  .  . 

3 

1,  GIG 

145 
189 

66 

Total  

8,  36D 

« 
21,  259 

380 

20,828 

408,  855 

5,280 

11,  478 

STATE    OF    FLORIDA. 


21 


A  f ;  n  i  (j  ti  L  T  u  n  E  . 


PRODUCED. 

| 
Animals  slaughtered,  value  of.  , 

11  KM  P. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pound* 
of. 

Caue  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

i 

j: 

II 

o 

3 

o 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
tons  of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

ex 

Ij 

4i 

o 

62 

6 

11 
1°° 

22  210 
120 
4,  500 
3  525 

: 

3,925 

$5,182 

$43.177 
1,900 
15,870 
14,  965 
45,920 

530 
4 

438 

4,180 

20 
2,302 

8,213 

4,  005 

31 

5  307 

4 

12 

1 

14,084 
1,060 

123 
54 

87,080 
6,207 

1,180 
82 

0,500 

i,  r,G9 

5 
2,008 

121,875 
54,978 

47 

1,  081 

208 
417 
427 

4,  725 
5,583 
1,  545 
1,090 
530 
7,  834 

50 
5,300 
2,072 
3,  858 
3,  738 
688 
635 
2,111 
5,  132 

37,939 
14,  148 
100,  190 
99,009 
11,893 
132,  142 
13,113 
24,969 
120,041 
- 
73,107 

23,  707 
46,433 
4,200 
37,  293 
1,275 
8,000 
37  023 

105 
8 
123 

45 
873 

0 
5 

57 

1,683 

20,  78G 

231 

10  203 

112 
3« 

413 
292 

238 

02,  961 

500 

i 

41 
78 
o 

21 

5  730 

68 
3,081 
372 
00 

13,665 
30,  453 
»,C81 
17,960 
2  927 
6,233 
26,647 
15,332 
18,  ItB 
6,550 
31,897 
30,574 
20,991 

3,388 
1,109 
o  850 

32-1 
181 

1,  845 
1,  190 
580 

175 

30 
30 
117 
21 
23 
45 

4  552 

0  009 

10 

100 

019 

G  001 

1,738 
0  60-1 

198 

2.205 
100 
18,  245 
7,383 
11,010 

2,  524 
GO 
1,370 
12,232 
0,081 

8,907 
3.49G 
4.G13 

1,  637 
708 
863 

1 

i 

i 

1,009 

43rt,  357 

10,699 

115,520 

63,259 

1,193,904 

22 


STATE    OF   GEORGIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

g 
3 

4 
5 
6 

7 
8 

g 

10 

11 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
30 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
'X 
27 
28 
29 
:;i 
31 
32 
33 
;n 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
41 
45 
41, 

r, 

48 
1  . 
;,  i 
51 
.V.' 
53 
54 
55 
M 

:.; 
M 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63  1 
64  1 
65  | 
66  1 
67  I 
68 
69 
70  ' 

COUNTIES. 

ACHES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  mn'- 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  fnrms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

C 
o 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

O 

[_ 

C; 

6 

ci. 

o 

He 

57,  385 
43,  983 
32,  225 
15,792 
59,  822 
50,  274 
17,343 
41,143 
250,  814 
05,  432 
41,908 
19,  448 
50  937 

302,  957 
105,  220 
115,841 
96,  250 
218,900 
87,  508 
216,  60S 
155,007 
480,  S35 
309,  507 
50,  073 
90,  520 
102,  552 
125,248 
151.199 
100,  173 
52,  2.10 
71,070 
58,587 
89,  842 

no,  140 

124,  759 
110,924 
79,419 
53,  028 
154,  393 
113,232 
67,  912 
204,  410 
250,  102 
153,  480 
98,  073 
40,  734 
88,  030 
339,  237 
91,517 
285,  249 
99,  048 
133,336 
48,  099 
200,  716 
217,182 
468,  193 
68,  140 
107,  475 
218,  474 
83,  149 
145,  720 
C9,  507 
110,  494 
47,  390 
90,  507 
113,  670 
161,712 
161,  100 
It-1."),  704 
174,332 
216,402 
60,  749 
102,803  ! 
139,404 
117,298  ! 
1  19,  928 
186,487 
138,508 
170,578 
88,  208 
227,  803 
114,213 
9C.757 

$304,  901 
1,006,  9P5 
1,110,  103 
248,  484 
474,  950 
1,414,050 
1,  486,  140 
524,  501 
908,  337 
4.  031,  000 
933,  303 
1,028,453 
901,  520 
1,255,080 
1,  351,  973 
o  o-yf  007 

822^  780 
1,  027,  088 
01,955 
522,  273 
3,  210,  604 
1,  338,  284 
1,049,800 
702,111 
660,  807 
308,  170 
1,  533,  809 
137,187 
2,104,579 
273.  622 
2,013,497 
1,333,668 
415,100 
397,  507 
2,  205,  996 
939,  906 
1,  057,  347 
2,  993,  923 
1,  514,  909 
205,  971 
690,  413 
1,901,904 
238,  390 
30C,  968 
1,009,610 
2,  593.  322 
706,  896 
942,  449 
723,315 
530,111 
315,  005 
614,582 
2,  004,  875 
1,855,185 
1,116,021 
723,  983 
948,  173 
3,179,578 
314,653  I 
738,  093  j 
1,940,  175  1 
1,143,428 
1,034,542 
3,524,197 
142,475 
1,250.052 
1,513,478 
1,845,  175 
515,880 
1.607.323 

$27,  679 
40,  439 
53,  502 
21,841 
10,044 
45,  566 
88,  994 
31,524 
43,  535 
93,  505 
53,  203 
33,  902 
01,031 
51,776 
52,  450 
81,820 
23,  895 
33,  889 
3,844 
50,  083 
60,  688 
40,  279 
44,518 
32,  033 
33,  751 
13,903 
83,  757 
4,  000 
157,512 
15,570 
106,  079 
54,  185 
15,200 
20,  151 
131,318 
48,711 
32,  899 
62,  672 
154,170 
13,  037 
28,  694 
70,  033 
23,  150 
13,  828 
44,  683 
150,  403 
19,  534 
23,  226 
25,891 
22,  559 
15,344 
40,  520 
73,  089 
108,  940 
59,  876 
33,  035 
40,  195 
79,  602 
24,  638 
49.  131 
75,789  ' 
24,288  ' 
70,  189 
fl  1,401 
9,015 
60,  657 
65,213 
82,  653 
18,  037 
40  <I90 

854 
501 
737 
1,178 
582 
001 
057 
480 
1,259 
2,311 
891 
515 
305 
1,051 
1,  578 
1,  586 
634 
500 

IJS 

626 
1,318 
1,  340 
498 
558 
324 
1,635 
298 
1,311 
497 
1,818 
830 
518 
615 
1,489 
1,240 
1,413 
531 
605 
209 
674 
1,557 
1,406 
508 
995 
2,234 
1,099 
1,  299 
642 
738 
390 
355 
1,049 
1,789 
1,019 
1,  106 
1,230 
1,559 
463 
1,058 
1,500 
1,000 
1,483 
1,438 
305 
1,733 
1,530 
1,530 
075 
1.030  i 

116 
955 
862 
295 
202 
1,015 
856 
170 
310 
2,500 
853 
645 
79 
879 
830 
1,004 
317 
778 
25 
594 
581 
853 
041 
558 
358 
150 
086 
70 
1,  507 
127 
1,  942 
1,318 
210 
296 
1,  031 
425 
"J,  119 
1,694 
913 
100 
306 
827 
196 
85 
727 
1,  378 
531 
350 
460 
269 
228 
91 
780 
1,336 
708 
241 
479 
1,450 
185 
207  i 
2,005 
880 
1,429 
2,  827 
79 
600 
1,473 
1,  300 
123 
1.  139 

5,  892 
2,  300 
1,909 
1,243 
4,479 
1,  535 
3,897 
2,238 
4,064 
4,  040 
1,010 
1,501 
2,  098 
2,  096 
2,  970 
1,970 
929 
1,  453 
1,983 
1,  503 
1,861 
2,  136 
1,  824 
1,  270 
910 
2,992 
1,926 
1,  030 
2,773 
4,  517 
3,412 
1,  874 
461 
880 
5,548 
1,462 
3,  329 
2,323 

1,  350 
2,  338 
2,  570 
5,  040 
873 
1,818 
3,121 
1,  281 
1,716 
1,009 
1,  389 
775 
1,501 
1,825 
2,435 
2,  451 
1,  003 
1,  759 
3,  773 
790 
1,015 
3,793 
193 
2,  596 
2  256 
3,413  : 
2,032 
2,813 
2,378 
1,345 
9.  OR)  ; 

23S 
330 
485 
511 
202 
368 
246 
117 
123 
60! 
389 
319 
364 
879 
1,  389 
641 
247 

60 
650 
71 
945 
756 
316 
430 
60 
932 
65 
1,031 
203 
995 
421 
430 
379 
1,154 
939 
388 
301 
401 
24 
6 
B70 
353 
457 
713 
1,  3SC 
740 
809 
415 
737 
S77 
357 
729 
785 
1,073 
087 
9(r2 
1,047 
435 
773 
1,174 
554 
802 
835 
102 
959 
810 
032 
312 
0(52 

14,  799 
4,276 
2,  900 
1,373 
9,  849 
3,743 
10,  054 
5,009 
11,313 
11,132 
3,  354 
2,868 
5,  735 
3,  431 
4,281 
4,  322 
1,300 
2,  999 
4,112 
3,  350 
4,301 
3,  088 
2,  967 
2,  014 
1,967 
7,  995 
3,070 
2,818 
5,918 
9,873 

3,812 
1,256 
1,  335 
21,080 
2,  803 
8,931 
5,  700 
8,  349 
4,  077 
6,  387 
5,225 
11,261 
2,004 
3,202 
6,765 
1,  930 
2,  510 
1,505 
2,  055 
1,  022 
4,549 
2,962 
0,217 
4,  902 
1,703 
2,781 
(i,  501 
1,093 
3,  150  . 
6,204  | 
3,  901 
5.  32  1 
6,  047 
5,586 
2,233 
3.  272 
5,713 
2,907 
4,052 

7,  105 
955 
2,001 
3,471 
5,130 
973 
3,113 
3,  030 
14,810 
4,  253 
2,643 
1,500 
1,  155 
4,  239 
7,383 
4,  142 
1,  952 
337 
222 
4,284 
S,  218 
6,042 
3,  952 
1,  594 
1,827 
1,  091 
3,823 
1,798 
6,087 
5,629 
6,455 
2,067 
1,  220 
3,585 
5,325 
3,055 
6,845 
1,  234 
5,414 
462 
5,088 
5,911 
17,  938 
3,942 
2,901 
7,052 
3,481 
5,453 
989 
4,  404 
892 
013 
5,  787 
5,954 
0,  454 
5,  643 
5,831 
5,  899 
1,  856 
4,431 
3,458 
3,  040 
4,058 
3,063 
2,696 
4,1=26 
4,  19L 
6,643 
4,326 
5  475 

Baker 

Baldwin 

Bibb  

Bryan 

Bullock  

Burke  

Butts  . 

Carroll 

58,  042 
Co,  582 
26,471 
56,  861 
3,  111 
41,953 
30  990 

54,  894 
GO,  54  1 
38,  474 
34,  883 
11,002 
63,  385 
7,  837 
91,  939 
15,420 
138  009 

Clark 

Clay  ... 

Clayton  .  .  . 

Clinch  

Cobb 

Colquitt... 

Coffee  

Crawford 

82,  587 
15,  049 
20,  507 
78,  004 
53,  006 
85,  593 
91,427 
56,047 
7,  185 
27,  893 
74,  859 
38,  164 
15,  910 
57,  141 
76,  249 
45,811 
40,238 
20,712 
28,  030 
24,  507 
17,810 
62,  208 
120,  ICo 
04,  755 
32,  190 
51,  535 
111,205 
14,  047 
34,  893 
156,685  j 
00,705 
105,882 
181,  132 
fl,332 
56,  045  ! 
148,919 
125,328  ' 
27,  178 
173.143  : 

Dade  

DcKalb  

Dooly  . 

Early  

Elbert  

Emanuel  

Fayette  

Floyd  . 

Forsyth  . 

Franklin  .  . 

Fulton  

Glasscock  . 

Glynn.. 

Gordon  

Greene  

Hull  

Hancock  .  .. 

Haralson  

Hart  

Harris  

Jones  

STATE    OF   GEORGIA. 


23 


AGRICULTURE. 


I.IVK  STUCK. 

PRODUCED. 

I 

00 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

live,  bushels  of. 

•i 

a 
£ 

9 

1 

Ontf,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  ench. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush- 
clt  of. 

i 
ll 

c    ^ 
o. 

ja 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

21,830 
13,  099 
10,  080 
5,  207 
14,487 
13,  102 
18,  629 
7,  543 
22,  287 
37,  402 
12,  421 
11,450 
3,  331 
14,758 
19,415 
22,  482 
5,  534 
11,935 
4,  250 
15.  226 
6,459 
19.377 
11,095 
9,564 
0,  043 
12,  324 
15,481 
(i,  487 
19,  692 
10,  275 
26,332 
16,  227 
5,  161 
8,  134 
26,  449 
11,519 
24,  904 
17,288 
16,647 
8,  903 
11,027 
13,734 
22,  099 
7,  443 
11,  171 
25,011 
10,955 
9,803 
5,  984 
13,  337 
0,  579 
2,083 
21,484 
22,  587 
16,637 
9,004 
12,  088 
24,  132 
6,  573 
7,  04  1 
26,  552 
14,738 
20,  452 
34,  490 
9,  048 
11,733 
21,036 
27,430 
10,  187 
20,512 

$258,  539 
259,  195 
314,300 
138,  520 
183,293 
301,109 
318,  199 
141,331 
344,  724 
706,  079 
255,  789 
194,  867 
94,  824 
288,  181 
362,  755 
404,961 
120,  281 
226,  193 
08,  254 
258,  735 
217,787 
316,222 
25!>,  100 
179,  323 
154,  940 
135,  751 
330,  464 
7ti,  001 
471,753 
197,  213 
649,  956 
318,000 
111,270 
112,355 
507,581 
240,  530 
450,  5:0 
429,  416 
406,  063 
101,767 
194,  497 
330,  349 
321,833 
95,585 
248,  871 
550,  472 
211,490 
171,418 
179,  937 
159,  877 
91,366 
7!),  925 
364,  210 
424,  107 
330,  203 
174,  809 
244,  189 
489,  441 
99,  652 
171,331 
590,  045 
283,215 
427,  893 
700,  093 
119,882 
283,  897 
423,  084 
459,  054 
141,779 
430,  4W 

429 
223 
13,  475 
14.  112 
433 
3,315 
405 

25.1 
20 
1,031 
87 
93 
302 
1,914 
39 
229 
413 
381 
79 
10 
136 
417 
3,100 
40 
320 

90,  724 
212,  570 
237,  734 
139,  756 
77.730 
2311,  370 
223,  353 
61,810 
138,117 
703,  842 
198,  805 
181,972 
54,  080 
232,  380 
331,092 
430,  202 
100,  240 
173,318 
18,  834 
251  422 

12,315 
1,000 
7,  705 
5,  787 
7,016 
15  270 

34,  725 
1,000  . 

2,087 

517 
8.713 
0,811 
603 
503 
6,  122 
4,  406 
402 
1,378 

13,749 
1,190 
5,  348 
5,  913 
10,  T.82 
1,539 
8,497 
5  587 
29,  773 

10,587 
11,557 
44,  K15 
3.219 
9.  900 
8,  752 
29,010 
7,810 
18.357 
23,  031 
3,207 
4,060 
5,037 
1,238 
4,  380 
17.  903 
510 
16,  362 
589 
6,  765 
16,118 
7.  447 
10,«164 
23,  170 
7.  282 
7,  025 
5.  432 
• 
43.  153 
7,491 
22,  467 
7,  190 
121 
1,763 
27,  058 
6,  475 
14,  508 
23,001 
18.004 
10,515 
4,  656 
36,  609 
14,  772 
951 
1,791 
27,303 
903 
3,  793 
3,  344 
4,  523 
2,427 
4,  943 
15,  312 
19,  050 
9,205 
7,198 
5,  959 
85,  495 
1,323 
11,  704 
G.U'5 
10,940 
18,  337 
11,634 
5,311 
7,932 
15.089 
9,127 
13,  528 
21.328 

151 

65,  409 

57 
5,  660 

0,288 
1,528 
397 
3,738 
818 
181 
457 
3,  662 
4,  126 
587 
1,428 
677 
2,670 
5,919 
1.  233 
1,068 

63,  077 
24,915 
47,401 
74,  190 
70,  163 
32,904 
02,  039 
113,  835 
26,158 
44,  938 
34,  088 
34,777 
58,515 
43,  103 
14,054 
37,  OC8 
14,  155 
31,000 
05,  291 
44.  333 
35,100 
47,219 
19,  022 
27,  193  ! 
45,  605 
21,553 
52,  400 
62,  192 
87,  479 
53,820 
7,509 
19,124 
121,240 
43,  729 
88,923 
56,310 
70,  415 
26,  210 
45,  727 
38,  023 
53,  652 
8,651 
30,040 
59,  904 
23,564 
27,054 
20,  346 
21,858 
17,341 
33,010 
52,  595 
60,983 
48,406 
27,  814 
36,980 
75,  844 
10,  427 
28,374 
84,549 
40,  575 
50,  742 
140,  378 
40,655 
39,147 
49,380 
70,  612 
31,  443 
53,830 

43,655 

6,911 
622 
7,  132 
3,  894 
10,  144 
1,300 
40 
6  551 

22,  628 
1,  609,  076 
30,015 
4,316 
20 
851 
10,  330,  068 

98 
5,  083 
16,  377 
652 

23,419 

5,  434 
5,  747 
630 
4,  4:!9 
3,  882 
4,407 
2 
7,  206 
125 
2,  152 
933 
978 
3,  837 
5,  292 
2,  136 
216 
3,315 
282 
9  525 

8,980 
4,  435 
2,839 
1,745 
7,500 
12,  502 
7,  300 
3,  230 
155 
140 
7,  133 
4,480 
8,  139 
7,208 
2,  759 
3,  033 
2,  708 

7,  ce<; 

5,  4:15 
11,927 
12,515 
10,  075 
2,  405 
2  213 

JXjO 

20 
50 
125 
5,214 
16,710 
6,  700 

38,039 
37,  278 
136^  094 
31,494 
2  322 

14,316 
29,  945 

1,060 

8,681 
1,  150 

47,  310 

293 
2,000 
1,540 
880 
245 
161 
31 
598 
43 
458 
114 
729 
81 
369 
1,080 
7 
323 
482 
915 
36 
108 
185 
1,895 
327 
5,  363 
396 
9  05') 

20  577 

865 

2,090 
6,010 
3,  178 
2,  749 
1,568 
1,  403 
2,10 
4,  005 
127 
0,230 
27 
6,  739 
10 
•       1.  832 
2,  308 
1,826 
2,283 
3,  842 
435 
572 
5 
50 
3,  704 
853 
5,110 
559 
9,  925 
504 
1.114 
2,209 
8,268 
255 
398 
6,  450 
6,318 
1,010 
6,324 
3,113 
3,859 
005 
1,729 
4,168 
2,095 
3,  129 
1,  101 
191 
2,390 
2,  795 
2,008 
62 
3,057 

94,  977 
304,  858 
196,  173 
IS),  715 
115,  355 
62,931 
313,  245 
27,  339 
330,  050 
61,183 
476,  036 
274,  645 
143,540 
142.890 
303,  007 
222,  147 
340,  701 
350,  812 
222,  875 
38,290 
128,  370 
258,  206 
150,504 
115,044 
220,  400 
523  120 

425 
11,251 
18,  107 
4,  784 
7,  467 
7,  535 
29,410 
833 
39,  904 
4,  830 
37  607 

25,  934,  100 

10 
13,  540 

71,373 
19,041 
1,274 
21,303 
323 
64,  633 
48 
18,540 
53 
58,384 
9,  228 
19,  089 
17,  469 

144,  583 
1,909 
CO 

30,  005 
138 
10,  325 

39,577 

152 
3,  207 

795 

120 

469 
14,  930 
9,732 

4,204 
3,  008 
2,811 
5 
9,  349 
4,  229 
1,  450 
1,434 
'      2,971 
100 
13,832 
2,  680 
11,002 
7,  082 
25  713 

50 
8,403 
281,410 

120 
50,155 

33 
7,990 
1,560 
9,977 
19  580 

5,422 
14,232 
4,  015 
14,  424 

31,  P64 
8,016 
533 
88 
236 
146 
24,260 
3,  972 
4,849 
34,009 
102,  069 
41,738 
24,  053 
16,  202 
11,145 
7,  764 

4,  :!00 
500 
3,783 
253 
238,  500 

80 

10 

9,110 
200 
517 
5,470 
1,  127 

10,  366 
1,088 
9,  955 
8,  958 
47,  929 
0,  675 
4,  953 
13,  470 
4,  763 
6,  474 
992 
8,  034 
1,  596 
1.  215 
11,202 
9,760 
9,022 
8.C83 
10,  176 
8,955 
2,662 
5,998 
5,336 
5,283 
7,  835 
1,996 
8,236 
10,106 
7,137 
13,700 
9,  557 
9.  199 

1,  255 

2.  885 

412 
395 

783 
9,531 
599 
133,  135 
9,225 
3,412 
200 
25,  486 

4,  655 
7,864 
656 
793 
494 
132 
1,  609 
688 
4:)2 
8,  643 
2,  446 
78 
483 
13,332 
609 
1.483 
14.906 
6.  492 
9,  237 
28,852 
322 
1,594 
9,255 
10,420 
1.706 
9.  560 

048 
303 
263 
5,953 
80 
10 
203 
1,267 
272 
2,  352 
760 
713 
141 
396 
116 
390 
581 
838 
142 
332 
219 
7,068 
1,  020 
437 

231,  778 
190,294 
123,  730 
217,  290 
74,538 
39,  137 
SB,  650 
304,  205 
325,  440 
173,680 
330,  645 
354,859 
101,  289 
126,  553 
497,  950 
235,  765 
347,  296 
648,  870 
40,887 
290,684 
327,214 
364,  955 
94,362 
321.200 

14,  587 
4,886 
3,  488 
7,  993 
597 
729 
18,  081 
24,  442 
23,910 
6,  289 
10,400 
38,528 
2,450 
7,  971 
6,147 
8,615 
23  311 

21 
417 
15 
230 

4,  842,  755 

112,380 
35,036 
41,774 
12,  119 
35,  099 
24,508 
10,  084 
27,  960 
31,507 
23,  786 
57,980 
21,484 
214 
31,358 
36,682 
20,  095 
4.471 
19.  085 

42,  945 
500 
4,  733 
15,  838 
15,  420 

1,  765 
45 

60 
305 

5,  655 
4,712 

•     20 

9,403 
3,088 
13,304 
14,  178 
1,870 
406 
11.  188 

20,  972 
11,331 
100 
70 
100 
40 

540 
007 
3,325 
1,  100 
100 
154 

24 


STATE   OF   GEORGIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


> 

PRODUCED 

COUNTIES. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

"3 

n 
o 

S? 

to 

™ 
1 

,0 

p 

t~, 

> 

_o 

5 

£3 
ft 

i 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

1 

Appling  

15,  122 

905 

V, 

Baker  

0 

30,  026 

705 

3 

Baldwin  

C86 

1 

$2,  030 

9'12 

$2,  120 

42,  146 

o  400 

4 

33 

57 

1C 

37  272 

6 

Berrien  

15,  647 

327 

6 

Bibb  

153 

7,451 

529 

9,  025 

30,  711 

1  453 

7 

19,  550 

80 

g 

8 

0,176 

0 

9 

Bullock  

2,920 

4 

24,612 

4 

in 

Burke  

2 

240 

3 

1  850 

52,  145 

79° 

11 

Butts  

22 

110 

4,090 

1  814 

77,  230 

2 

1? 

34 

18,  498 

13 

30 

6,223 

o 

1  1 

10 

2  121 

40 

45  185 

15 

Carroll  

45 

27 

245 

9 

89,  477 

*J4 

8 

16 

Cass 

401 

50 

118 

10 

75  206 

17 

5  835 

400 

17  "i 

1ft 

1  045 

9 

28  303 

688 

19 

Charlton      

3,  370 

«n 

37 

o 

207 

45  062 

500 

1  °4° 

"i 

445 

79,  250 

3  297 

500 

7 

no 

7 

24 

64,  026 

16 

•'•] 

Clark  

91 

207 

661 

74 

35,  ore 

0 

30G 

o 

04 

Clay 

145 

22  238 

643 

w 

2  208 

12 

35,  585 

3 

96 

Clinch 

2  918 

97 

Cobb 

40 

87 

1  059 

40 

1  142 

87  901 

337 

•'- 

6,371 

99 

216 

3,413 

232 

200 

69,  472 

1  744 

no 

Coffee 

7  847 

7C3 

;si 

354 

1  507 

608 

500 

140  951 

50 

1° 

3° 

1C') 

29 

36  643 

33 

30 

13  072 

34 

128 

4C7 

5 

21  709 

100 

400 

35 

111 

181 

30 

30  981 

20 

o 

36 

De  Kalb 

°8 

518 

55 

56  377 

37 

5 

17 

26  060 

38 

1C  867 

993 

19 

Early 

10 

25  983 

40 

Eckols 

8"  202 

•11 

163 

90 

35 

9  241 

789 

4-> 

Elbert  

7G 

651 

1,239 

125 

82,  301 

695 

43 

120 

1C  557 

256 

•11 

141 

326 

38 

474 

23,  475 

185 

175 

110 

19 

45 

51) 

300 

30 

52  240 

46 

Floyd 

448 

281 

074 

2  180 

99  692 

100 

16 

28 

47 

325 

51  098 

4ft 

4 

144 

140 

3,437 

43,  058 

49 

Fulton 

57 

130 

516 

1  700 

42  037 

19 

50 

5 

31 

2  245 

44 

1,C89 

47  391 

918 

159 

1 

74 

7 

SI 

9,425 

!» 

Glynn... 

7 

6  075 

53 

Gordon  

°2 

20 

150 

78  145 

100 

93 

46 

54 

1  98° 

13 

g  711 

552 

7  407 

68  936 

50 

3  939 

55 

53 

3  10° 

51 

212 

81  534 

0 

56 

63 

o  OK; 

008 

9  846 

70  870 

50 

69° 

310 

3° 

57 

Hall  

75 

446 

101 

62  1°1 

50 

O 

90 

G 

58 

Hancock  

316 

1  381 

848 

59  177 

2  942 

;/) 

Haralsou  

58 

21  323 

i;u 

Hart  

7 

86 

GO  710 

O 

1 

f,l 

Harris  

60 

92  800 

o  (^5 

fi2 

Heard  

135 

4-34 

30 

1  645 

05  500 

i::: 

61 

°7  j 

4  5go 

151 

1°8  946 

i;i 

Houston  

117 

323 

10  201 

350 

1  135 

65 

395 

6  954 

375 

66 

Jackson  

114 

1  057 

O'Jl 

47 

81  708 

5 

67 

Jasper  

257 

12 

4  854 

370 

1  239 

6<)  000 

1  £8° 

(is 

31 

09 

Johnson  

40 

5  035 

70 

Jones  

300 

212 

1.422 

58.  637 

1 

STATE   OF   GEORGIA. 


25 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

HEMP. 

o 

-5 
a 

g 
P. 

kT 

a 

K 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  eocoons.  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
ot. 

Cane  sugar,  hods,  of 
1.000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

U) 

11 

5 

0 

Sorghnm  molasses, 
gallonti  of. 

"3 

g 

Si 

* 

o 

•t, 

a 
g 

o 

a 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

. 
"\Vater  rotted,  tons 
of. 

1  * 
1 

49 

9  089 

1,433 
20 
360 
671 
1,111 
501 
320 
731 
411 
517 
1,275 
369 
4 

9,  975 
305 
2,  770 
8,  529 
10,  993 
9,  835 
4,  -153 
6,  039 
8,  090 
11,  WO 
7,  2:15 
4,  212 

$12,  490 
324 
7,  228 
17,  493 
8,283 
1,383 
9,868 
1,450 
11,854 
2,  479 
9,  MM 
3,  628 

»50,  973 
51.210 
100,  632 
46,  124 
40,  092 
92,  965 
98,756 
24,164 
74,  593 
176,  174 
84,  13g 
57,632 
11,610 
78,863 
93,750 
116,  056 
32,513 
64,  534 
11,728 
76,  003 
10,  095 
98,  328 
84,  934 
57,  809 
39,  131 
41,473 
99,  346 
19,376 
114,153 
41,931 
101,510 
80,  849 
23,  448 
34,  135 
112,  824 
105,  721 
123,  119 
68,  940 
99,  449 
23,  699 
50,529 
U3,  431 
69.  679 
27,  395 
82,  843 
201,  T66 
38,  424 
50,  816 
38,511 
53,840 
40,  571 
10,  595 
114,  172 
157,  951 
90.  276 
55,  756 
83,  364 
152,084 
33,251 
58.414 
169.838 
!'7.  707 
121,888 
186,  939 
27,410 
91,487 
131,581 
140,  021 
42,603 
131,  701 

6,129 

210 
3,  449 

28 

<;  -»<n 

499 
37,582 
1,907 
4,  507 
1,125 

40 

881 
1,648 
410 
819 

o 
6 

27 

7 

5,  749 

5  9>>5 

13,771 
12,  923 
15,025 
:3,664 
956 
646 
11,601 
4,  175 
21,013 
5,  747 
4,  728 
10,  130 
6,615 
22,  351 
3.  101 

8.484 
13.770 
6,514 
7,  409 
13,  933 
8,!)89 
9.  869 
10,  963 
25 
3,  4H4 
2,  4:16 
450 
14,050 
11,896 
3,  75  1 
654 
20,304 
2!).  217 
6,  751 
4.11)8 
23,281 
3,971 
50 
17,  146 
41,619 
33.  227 
34.  178 
39.  321 
1,648 
16,  847 
31,  175 
2,805 
II,  150 
21,477 
1,310 
6,  897 
14,  670 
20,  364 
2,  2D7 

6,134 

1 

~ 

745 
1C!) 

11,940 
3,683 

:..: 

5  659 

50 
10 

2,  464 

285 
808 
969 
1,  100 

60 

2,  979 



129 

4,  236 

.... 

2 
5 

60 
85 

522 
546 
807 
602 

11.  120 
7,  449 
8,811 
9,  307 
38,  472 
14,  684 
3,212 

2.  824 
32,911 

4,229 
5,302 
3,810 
14,  6*7 
4,394 

127 

4  546 

42 

403 

9 

384 
6  199 

643 

251 
255 
288 
1,515 
327 
12:1 
299 
657 
466 
298 

60 
6,203 
5,015 
805 
367 
5  °4° 

6 

" 

78 

50  45° 

1  °°8  ' 

4 

22,  739 
6,  891 
13,  695 

14 

18 
19 

30 
9 

458 
1,  118 
279 
638 
272 
223 
231 
199 
183 
275 
161 
481 
172 
94 
71 
669 
276 
771 
651 
218 
54 
509 
5-15 
1,060 
1,414 
•10 

69 

970 
899 
121 
21 
2-33 

1,090 
18,  137 
8.  560 
10,  601 
572 
4,  5-12 
17,  039 
5,  723 
3,  2C3 
8,  618 
3.  075 
9.  278 
3,386 
1.400 
5,715 
6,373 
12,660 
14,000 
13,  282 
3,315 
871 
8,  359 
5.  :&> 

20,  6"  5 
1,615 
5.  190 
13,  722 
11,526 
1,070 
53 
1,842 

7,  056 

338 

5 

30 

923 

21 

, 

6,736 

20 

0 

136 



2,  236 

i 



4,  450 

1 

740 
11,087 

434 

9 

13 

3,600 

12,  399 
1,  024 
1  760 

20               110 

155 
1 

10 

5,  829 

12 

9,  473 
1,514 

t 

A 

949 

7,  3S2 

21 

50 

4,537 

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1,808    

:                    ' 

2G 


STATE   OF   GEORGIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
-86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
9S 
96 
97 
98 
09 
100 
101 
103 
103 
104 
10.1 
100 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
115 
110 
117 
118 
11!) 
120 
121 
123 
1S3 
121 
12.") 
126 
127 
128 
12!) 

130 

i:il 
133 

COUNTIES. 

ACHES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

/ 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  vulue  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

ASBCS  and  mules. 

is 
o 
o 
A 
u 

S 

r^ 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

p, 

OQ 

GO,  836 
85,  840 
46,  874 

07,  ins 

34,418 
17,  5!>6 
88,  353 
49,  533 
66,  553 
20,  037 
163,  609 
10,607 
27,361 
26,  6119 
194.  CG7 
21,696 
lr.5,  420 
37,  430 
C9,  063 
l:)0,  27!) 
86,  330 
31,684 
17,  438 
7,  668 
88,912 
4-3,  1.1  1 
65,519 
128,011! 
31,015 
14..366 
80,  854 

51,313 

44,  333 
77,  210 
54.  -153 
145,  !!82 
102,327 
132,  9:!3 
40,  255 
22.  040 
47,  705 
18,  852 
51  3't5 

241,728 
113,  172 
353,  319 
74,  053 
255,  625 
69,  552 
108,  176 
136,  50C 
85,  345 
107,  574 
144,479 
49,  220 
41,460 
83,  523 
120,433 
331,095 
78,113 
90,  593 
74,  938 
127,  564 
176,483 
60,  864 
72,  960 
134,299 
lOli,  -157 
7(J  2*V> 
255,  686 
!)7,  272 
48,  469 
125,100 
131,360 
15!),  272 
.18,  735 
330,  053 
57,  792 
130,  905 
160,742 
108,  912 
61,  452 
491,024 
11!).  778 
13!),  025 
97,169 
152,018 
49,673 
113,526 
129,882 
100,  567 
97,  363 
133,  365 
120,759 
109,  927 
197,075 
279,666 
127,252 
76,915 
65.  105 
110.  1C5 
127,  802 
161,428 
151,706 
116,414 

81,  616,  319 
2,  140,  429 
017,592 
782,140 
1,258,205 
331,295 
1,680,768 
758,  797 
1,140,302 

e;i2,  061 

2,  432,  79  1 
314,  595 
327,  085 
819,  057 
3,  153,690 
389,  038 
1,394,573 
1,254,805 
1,514,053 
1,885,836 
1,766,381 
o;  1  .  70S 
384,  292 
208,710 
1,  -185.  !)48 
1,331*713 
1,485,870 
1,663,088 
574,  730 
274,  926 
1,443,698 
2,105,079 
737,  130 
1,414,732 
989,  600 
2,  502.  !)5!) 
2,  319,  466 
1,957,372 
661,  670 
305,  905 
1,078,678 
295,  795 
1,  202,  955 
1,530,540 
260,  663 
2,196,064 
1,535,777 
352,  560 
1,413,869 
1,469,831 
1,342,409 
1,  525,  824 
381,571 
2,  358,  562 
145,  633 
852,  043 
326,  672 
1,  5-10,585 
285,  977 
1,601,158 
1,974,014 
527,  872 

$36,  692 
83,  433 
51,131 
41,203 
41,  110 
18,  150 
51,624 
76,  561 
59,  087 
68,  476 
152,060 
11,768 
14,  553 
34,  007 
132,  542 
18,981 
62,  980 
33,  358 
96,331 
92,  671 
74,  107 
28,  822 
22,  457 
7,  479 
60,  594 
49,610 
76,617 
109,  901 
20,  488 
15,  422 
78,  879 
62,911 
31,130 
73,  653 
45,  589 
123,214 
126,202 
88,157 
26,  141 
26,  762 
40,513 
14,092 
39,  443 
75,  757 
2,  797 
92,  230 
48,  074 
18,  221 
68,  447 
59,  124 
51,470 
56,  568 
10,014 
100,892 
8,491 
39,  384 
10,827 
49,  977 
16,066 
71,517 
72,  025 
18,054 

1,316 
573 
1,073 
721 
580 
014 
913 
1,218 
650 
401 
1  ,  570 
339 
098 
453 
1,044 
680 
1,215 
1,126 
711 
2,016 
1,976 
955 
587 
363 
1,074 
822 
1,157 
1,258 
320 
689 
912 
1,484 
436 
1,244 
802 
1,231 
919 
1,  143 
751 
890 
827 
537 
576 
932 
654 
1,  508 
998 
962 
1,043 
2,  460 
1,  981 
1,421 
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2,408 
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486 
630 
1,309 
408 
1,495 
1,426 
486 

560 
1,  452 
336 
698 
574 
236 
1,  314 
3!0 
1,110 
105 
2,  400 
162 
301 
401 
2,  284 
168 
1,305 
498 
843 
1,  346 
899 
357 
254 
37 
1,260 
608 
904 
1,018 
427 
144 
1,  122 
914 
661 
913 
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2,  373 
1,552 
1,934 
456 
203 
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134 
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1,100 
146 
2,430 
1,480 
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1,344 
1,045 
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58 
1,029 

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85 
1,301 
951 
231 

3,  983 
1,865 
5,  235 
1,382 
3,  525 
1,038 
2,  085 
1,780 
1,  853 

3,  760 
2,124 
1,  032 
830 
3,  190 
4,  365 
2,266 
1,  342 
1,649 
2.  91  1 
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1,343 
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2,  635 
2.081 
1,  148 
4,  113 
2,  528 
701 
1,122 
2,011 
2  122 
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4,171 
1,  512 
3,234 
2,  126 
3,  306 
1,  307 
4,871 
1,715 
3,  058 
1,477 
3,089 
777 
3,  095 
1,283 
1,278 
1,  968 
2,  471 
2,  604 
2.  030 
2,115 
3,  330 
2.  335 
1,  208 
616 
1,573 
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2,  602 
2,451 
3,  315 

601 
512 
411 
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140 
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1,  193 
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1,  403 
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646 
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384 
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185 
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166 
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711 
200 
1,215 
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8,471 
4,789 
12,  830 
3,  424 
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1,831 
3,  779 
2,481 
2,  985 
5,611 
7,  785 
5,  035 
1.973 
4,513 
7,710 
10,  049 
4,  703 
2,  129 
3,  277 
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5,  000 
1,703 
1,221 
0,  614 
3,713 
2  478 
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5,  786 
1,447 
1.326 
4,561 
3,  522 
1,030 
9,288 
2,  950 
5,  285 
4,  163 
5,  048 
2,703 
11,983 
4,319 
5,  829 
3,160 
166 
1  ,  678 
7,  191 
4,  324 
2,430 
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4,60.1 
4,  386 
4,  301 
7,133 
6,341 
6,174 
1,  779 
1,001 
2,  503 
4,  828 
6,  709 
4,  5GG 
6,  034 

6,379 
1  ,  830 
5,840 
3,955 
4,  762 
2,899 
1,795 
4,  577 
1,281 
1,354 
5,468 
2,369 
2,  110 
2,710 
5,  392 
11,769 
3,  792 
3,765 
723 
5,  025 
6,  362 
3,153 
3,  362 
969 
3,  074 
2,279 
4,525 
4,415 
534 
2,776 
1,456 
2,  220 

0,711 
2,226 
2,  073 
1,330 
2,841 
2,  603 
10,514 
1,074 
9,041 
1,109 
6,023 
2,654 
4,  835 
2,  123 
4,912 
3,  070 
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5,  230 
3,737 
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6,  932 
1,214 
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1,950 
4,  072 
5,177 
0,  674 
2  739 
2,  239 

Lee 

Mclutofh 

Miller 

Milton 

Mitchell 

Montgomery  

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Pulaski 

Iliehmond  ,  
Schley 

Scriven 

Spalding  .  . 

Stewart  

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13,235 
146,245 
102,  527 
21,  076 
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57,173 
123,342 
94,  598 
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145,73* 
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13,806 
130,  165 

21,  1'.tO 

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Wulton  . 

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White 

Whitfiekl 

Wilcox  

Wilkes 

Worth  .- 

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8,062,75!?         18,  557,732        157,072,803 

6,  844,  387 

130,771 

101,069     '         299,688             71,  437  ;         631,707           512,618 

STATE    OF   GKOIMi  I  A. 
AGRICULTURE. 

•27 

* 

LIVI:  STOCK. 

PRODUCE 

a 
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). 

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Sweet  potatoes,  lnit*h-  ' 
els  of. 

tu 

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Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

"3 

2 

1° 

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a 

a 

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Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  ponnds  of. 

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-qsnq  '6UU  jq  l>uc  Kl:o  J 

71 
73 

75 
70 

"~ 
78 
7!! 
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81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 

88 

i 

91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
£6 
97 
S8 
P9 
ICO 
101 

105 

107 
1C8 

110 
111 
112 
113 
114 

117 

118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 
123 
130 
127 
128 
129 
130 
131 
132 

23,  303 
24,  430 
12,542 
8,  835 
23,  747 
8,  123 
20,  333 
9,  5113 
17,649 
5,813 
32,  135 
5,813 
8,  6118 
8.  373 
31,  423 
15,  037 
14,883 
10,498 
10,  353 
23,  133 
17,  783 
10,  843 
8,  749 
9,  103 
17,918 
12,  005 
20,  805 
38,  796 
6,  829 
8,  328 
19,  979 
11,849 
10,  141 
22,  574 
11,007 
27,  978 
26,  332 
26,174 
8,588 
'  19,  995 
14,097 
10,  933 
14,  280 
22,  585 
8,  103 
31,  007 
20,  613 
12,587 
20,407 
22,  677 
17,  438 
17,  487 
11,029 
37,  352 
8,409 
32,  337 
5,007 
14,  100 
8,  905 
18,  125 
31,038 
11,  185 

$342,  244 
383,  470 
306,  398 
198,  505 
313,771 
109,  028 
377,  700 
210,040 
320,  058 
123,  01  1 
638,  240 
103,  755 
150,  176 
107,  375 
757,  455 
239,  350 
358,  804 
217,039 
300,  26!) 
509,  102 
307,  630 
185,  305 
118,708 
119,207 
371,895 
235,  739 
367,  472 
415,132 
143,  347 
119,519 
345,  700 
417,325 
383,  408 
306,  730 
270,  540 
651,  516 
408,  !>C9 
515,  056 
157,  350 
280,841 
228,  600 
150,  355 
252,  089 
360,  249 
104,413 
484,  163 
388,418 
130,  172 
394,  3EO 
575,  863 
384,  810 
339,  594 
114,997 
573,  ICO 
98,554 
212,  803 
108,413 
265,  500 
135,  949 
364,  106 
453,  221 
181,  840 

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2,  250 
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8,043 
1,787 
8,  239 
13,274 
22,312 
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2,  149 

252,  103 
319,  653 
143,425 
131,100 
173,  367 
116,827 
313,  900 
136,  187 
275,  827 
43,  232 
552,  070 
49,  805 
164,  693 
113.562 
547,  430 
90,  S86 
201,  505 
307,  004 
224,  9?8 
307,  177 
253,  055 
182,  865 
105,  442 
39,  090 
311,990 
203,  716 
300,  359 
328,  1C8 
107,  516 
101,125 
315,  502 
213,  009 
167,  493 
264,  407 
192,  487 
509,  399 
380,  892 
501,  503 
121,631 
110,  232 
180,  092 
90,  103 
203,  495 
337,  675 
B8,  571 
520,091 
333,  985 
146,  094 
368,  265 
483.  535 
314,310 
252,  933 
48,  102 
432,  379 
35,  008 
190,  220 
117,185 
328,  040 
61,  773 
281,  303 
340,  779 
87,  463 

074 
7,  117 
6,  057 
33,  845 
10,  007 
3,  879 
4,571 
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38,  124 
315 
9,285 
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25,  487 
1,258 
23,  508 
12,  783 
4.  130 
21,835 
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2,  548,  382 

1,137 
30 
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2,  405 
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16,553 
4.  030 
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10.  019 
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5,  827 
1,872 
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7,  152 
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6,  080 
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4,507 
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15.  001 
2.  045 
3,  880 
2.  437 
5.  2;  2 
3,  230 
19,201 
1.590 
21,642 
2.317 
17.013 
4.031 
4,  737 
3.  399 
6,  844 
5,  218 
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0,  123 
6.  858 
1.809 
11.438 
1,570 
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3,  502 
7,207 
12,  031 
10,  836 
3,128 
5.  032 

18,  323 
34,  5!!9 
28,  733 
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59,  093 
1,444 
37,  870 
4,428 
9.  059 

26,  883 
5,  050 
2.381 
3,  558 
45.  322 
2,892 
10,  334 
0,  221 
21  ,  059 
20,  805 
8,431 
2.  702 
2.  479 
1.895 
8  503 
7.  705 
0.  P84 
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2.  394 
2,  132 
9  567 
9,832 
18,  902 
23.  7M 
4.313 
18  627 
12.483 
40.  409 
30,  1D8 
13,  180 
17.883 
14,552 
11.777 
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4,  350 
49.  465 
1  002 
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10,342 
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3.  443 
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2,630 
0.  S02 
11.9C4 
61.  488 
15,  378 

1,071 
930 

2.370 
418 
4,  8.00 
2,  81') 
774 
3,312 

59,  991 
120,  740 
Hi,OSC 
92,  178 
10,000 
84,  C58 
27,  953 
CO,  449 
54,  950 
11,970 
14,  933 
25,  938 
27,  570 
129.035 
41,929 
45.  101 
24,  205 
48.C07 
75,  732 
51,  504 

21,  785 
32.791 
59.781 
22,182 
07.  514 
58,386 
31.  103 
7,824 
86,  138 
65,  831 
44,  948 
52,  592 
32,  126 
130.  788 
92,934 
87.780 
16,  198 
S3,  295 
42.  389 
54,  379 
38.911 
101.  372 
7,  033 
67,  5C9 
69,306 
10,680 
73,129 
45.  654 
60,533 
68.  592 
30,320 
107.  3C2 
35.150 
40.633 
.  19,909 
34.  228 
35,  540 
45,  379 
91,388 
35,  836 

35 
338 
2  222 
1,  343 
223 
1,247 
10 
1,987 
8 
121 
46 
072 
113 
828 
1,  495 
370 
696 
720 
250 
804 
327 
602 
507 
183 
903 
45 
3,278 
372 
598 
684 
470 
23!) 
3,582 
1,  255 
379 
502 
5 
1,  753 
20 
115 
214 
4,576 
1,049 
1,984 
0,  316 
849 
696 
202 
1 
12 
777 
50 
400 
1,496 
697 
205 
156 
3,  212 
90 

1,  115 
219 
15,006 

50 
0,421,100 
040 
1,701 
29 
4,  055 

2,303 
104 
10,218 
.           1,901 
9,  075 

18,139 
922 
005 

3,533 
17,  105 
313 

8,  097 

C,  925 
7,  f  83 
8,  702 
2,  3-19 
10 
220 
8.110 
6,  042 
8,284 
11,319 
4,556 

7,  000 
20 
775 
355 

515 

53,  <?54 
40 
31,195 
23-1 
51..537 
74.1 
28,  389 
38,  580 
2,387 
48,  095 
24,512 
27,  000 
20,240 
20 
31,320 
51,907 
2,063 
29,150 
2,  933 
650 
4,728 
7,  323 
9,  508 
287 
22,  76J 
18,  107 
8,  396 
33,365 
11,793 
76 
10,  748 
338 
913 
100 
6.  479 
48,315 
8,174 
10.  693 
28,  202 
85,  094 
49,  237 
24,  070 

8,847 
'  94 
1,408 
530 
8,  086 
377 
1,111 
2,519 
540 
4.  235 
8,  900 
1,303 
3,322 
37 
3,  372 
3,  525 
1.  133 
4.  105 
78 
5.  533 
332 
4,233 
1,019 
212 
848 
2  295 
483 
3,038 

702 
1,033 

55 

1,007 
3.  4  19 
2.708 
4,  255 
5,  732 
3.314 
3.841 
2.737 
3,  952 
228 

7,812 
15 

4.  375 

80 

53 
2,  130 
103 

11,359 

230 

9,  487                   100 
2,289    

1  933  !             : 

•7,607 
85,  808 

12,962 
29,  97-1 
510 
7,272 
1.0!)!) 
2,  343 
1,  078 
0,211 
1,294 
5,002 
7,  852 
5,802 
3,  050 
12,  403 
7,  493 

2,  00!) 
1,835 
1,250 
035 
4,  4:17 
16,  052 
2,760 
10,039 
5,  174 
25,271 
14,054 
14,  185 
4,  127 
339 
700 
1.851 
2,  832 
19,  814 
1,971 
62,  361 
2,940 
3,001 

15,410 

807 

2.  410  !                100 

1,  330 

3,  397 

59 

10,  035 
2,420 
1,300 
11,126 
224 
1.  485 
2,  321 
3,  SCO 

11,270 
2,455 
5,  291 
5.  251 
4,  593 
25.  B02 
14,  423 
15,  366 
3,  203 
628 
5,  363 
835 
6.  65  1 
6,583 

CO 
300 

150 

5-18 
310 

5,  OCO 
ICO 

47 

1.440 
95,  640 
50 

100 

1.290 
3,  048 

17.  G78 
13,  431 

9,009 
7B7 
5,  551 
8,  528 
137 
12,  421 
169 
6,846 
103 
102 
791 
8  530 

r-fj 

40 
295 

8,888 
395 
8,805 

100 
19,  445 

60 

203 
10 

28,009 
15 
7,754 
6,026 
46,  453 
340 
21,  003 
19,  542 
353 

108 
400 
655 
3.  310 

8,080 

133 

879 
2.  f  95 
4,213 
(185 
1,  48,' 
1,  P27 
480 

9C8 
4.010 
3,  f.20 

27(1 

928                   470 
5,330  ;                203 

10,804 
1,  C57 

2,  030,  116 

38,372,734  |     2,544,913 

115,  532 

30,770,293       1,231,  817  ;  52,  507,  652           919,318           701,840!         940,227        1.  705,214  :        303,769 

G,  508,  541 

28 


STATE    OF   OKOPvOIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


71 

73 

74 
75 
70 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
H 
g8 

-• 
.. 

:•• 
92 
03 
94 
95 
<J6 
97 
98 
<I9 
100 
101 
102 
1(13 
104 
105 
106 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
115 
116 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
133 
124 
125 
J26 
127 
128 
129 
130 
131 
132 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

2             %                       1 

'                              3                                     ~                                    ^                          P.  ^ 

Z                     £  *                 S                a  2 
•S                rf  *                a  I                               f  ~ 

P       *!       t      |S 

II         i         i      11 
a       *         £         ?      3 

Hutter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

IH 

O 

1 

1 
ft 

1    ° 

s 

RH 
C 

3 

v\ 
a 

%                      *° 

r3 

|       **                                                      | 
§                                                                     1 

C                      G 

$715               106                   $00 
NRn             mi 

16.217 
17  in1^ 

1,  138 

Lee                                                    21 



Liberty  IP  «i!7 

cei 

54 

10 

Lincoln                                                  22  ;  22               300 

27  533 

33,  454 
34,  238 
•j,|  •yXJ 

e            S9i 

5    

3.097               274               1,566 
75               227                       5 
:i-^ 

575 

3 

30 

4 

70  889    -    - 

o 

.   *9S                  3.I-1 

42,  501 

222 

B 

i 

20,  142               429               ]  ,  4f>3 

147.  1!W 
5.  :!.-)9 
36  770 

• 

Miller 

46 

Milton                                ;  232                70  i 

3 

10 

°0 

Mitchell  '  ...    .           ' 

24,717 
156,380 
15,537 

59  435 

Monroe                                1            1  5°0    2°  CGI  >         1  -100  ' 

in 

2,189 

2 

i,  905 

11)7 
57!) 

12 

1,  403 

Morgan  ....                        454    117 

159                 57                     47 
5,117                   3               C,  790 
100               657                     03 
1P-I  ' 

4fi,  179 
H8,  578 
104,  C72 
97  545 

185 

45 

59 

2"i° 

38                   120 
K4fi     .. 

£0 

O(?U>ihorpfi  .  .,    .                               121    -  -  

90                   4  -                330 
85  |              25                   558 
1  390  j   . 

36.  677 
23,  721 
6.  527 
67.917 
**P  1% 

2 

50 

208 

I                5 

... 

Pike  

4  ' 

2,  4?9  j            5f>7  i                  11 
llfi 

27 
873 

Polk 

Pulaski. 

30  i                    3                       CSO  j            SCO                     53 
K>2    710                       i 

27,  050 
70,  102 
14,213 
50,  04fi 
5,  820 
S7,  803 
li),  S76 
24,  401 
47.  746 
71,4"0 

SO 

3                 12 

3 

300;..,  

10                8J 

.  .   I 

Rnbuu 

c:o 

8:t 

22      . 

Randolph  .  .                                           9    

50                  5 

Richmond  

20                   375 
no 

12,  0:11               413             59,  310 
2  857                 PO  ' 

405 

3,474 
5-03 

Scbley 

10 

no  :  

145               174                   215 
280                 44                   200 
G  316  '            450  ! 

2                   3 

Spiildiiig  .. 

M                   S80 
:?<!   .. 

Stewart 

1,529 

Sumter                                                  f>~ 

2C6  i            119                  (i!8 
670                    <-B) 

31 

Talbot 

707    -  . 

0:1,  889 

Tuliaferro                                           114  !  1  005  |            297  : 

7 

Tutnall  

18.  S70 
28,  487 
9,  978 
21,  402 
31,  055 
19,  1OT 
34,  4:il 
07  469 

Taylor  

39  i                    3                         42               135                     27 

801 

Telfair 

503 

Terrell... 

200 
305 

Towns                                -                                                          i  (inn 

61 

8 

15 

Troup  

393  i                  20  '•                    105.               146                     01 
5  '  :':.-                   19  i 

Twiffgg  

9. 

•10  !                  21 
C94  '  

45                   7               1,  854 
3,710               494  !                  ]2 
20 

30,  298 
C",  C54 
37  69) 

205 

51 

58 

Upson  

9               

Walker  

90    ... 

1,793 

75 

105  : 

Wnlton  

152    
82 

1  444                 32 

108,  631 
38,  215 
4.7SG 
51,  345 
6.  475 
26,  921 
17,  383 
62,  775 
8.  886 
59,  777 

:js  o°2 

Warren  .  . 

1   517 

20 
90 

11 

Ware  . 

1 

Washington  12    

88  ' 

115 

Wayne  : 

Webster  

13 

2  230  j             1^6 

1  White  

in   .. 

3,066                 53  :            3,  4!>7 
37                s;x) 
JO 

270 
1,094 

117 
423 

1,  95-' 

2  :              

Whitfleld  ..                                       29 

387 

Wi!cox  

Wilkes  550  I. 

60           3,  038                   150 

12  256                 50 

7 

Wilkinson  4    

Worth  

PRO! 

16,  081 

1,280 

520 

Total.. 

14,  682               2,  023 

170,048         27,  646           301,916  '        5,439,705 

15,  087 

40,  443 

C35 

1,  914               199 

STATE    OF    (i  KOIU;  I  A. 


AGRICULTURE. 


PKODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

71 
72 
7:1 
71 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
P4 
F5 
FG 
87 
P8 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
C6 
97 
08 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
106 
107 
1C8 
lt)9 
110 
111 
112 
IK) 
114 
115 
116 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 
125 
120 
127 
128 
129 
1TO 
131 
133 

Ill  Ml'. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxsoed.  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

•C 

a 

1 
s-s 

p 
o 

1 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

i 

£~- 
11 

2   n 
S  _o 

c, 
"5 

C3 

Cane  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Ueesivax,  pounds  of. 

o 

•3 

a 

t*> 

| 

Slanufarturefi.  home 
made,  value  of. 

1 

£      ^ 

1    ° 
| 

a 

"\Yater  rottcd.tons 
of. 

&. 
t   o. 

&g 

t,  -s 

6 

35 

G93 
18,  19!) 
.'].  7:10 

3,  787 
1,  150 

134 

•18 
313 

721 
456 
352 
489 
342 

1,801 

1,  985 
2,  128 
11,683 
4,  228 
7,  7G1 
9.  823 
6,631 

fl  0,651 
21,  514 
83 
3,  530 
11,258 

n,  HO 

8,  491 
90.281 
5.  390 

677,600 
118,771 
42,  :t02 
69,  458 
79,  172 
28,789 
118,973 
71.814 
110.186 
13,  230 
217,  981 
24.  548 
47,  429 
Sf.  939 
213,  400 
40,  !)47 
104,  944 
GG,  251 
84.212 
15:1,093 
124,652 
53,  343 
C8,  019 
23,  007 
109.  S53 
72.  191 
118.881 
143,  085 
U4.  179 
29.  C97 
105,  459 
l.'I5,  703 
63,275 
79.  «'8 
70.  257 
151,423 
118,037 
94,607 
50,  288 
87,  08:1 
82,080 
•  36.  401 
66.  422 
112.  305 
25.  701 
175.524 
114,140 
S),  298 
143,741 
101.  046 
113,  017 
116,  102 
29,246 
184.  802 
20.  G83 
67,533 
25.  839 
83.  153 
30.  045 
126.  094 
i:a,  254 
45,  430 

36 

95    

180 

13  293 

209                 30 

3,318 

7,  G22 
C-.' 
3,087 
4  4C4 

40 

-    1.043 

2 

210 

2,488 
18 
4-» 

27,199 
293 
8,698 
1,250 
13,  282 
(VII 
1.290 
5,011 
4.  572 
14,543 

o,  :KO 

12,411 
G,  026 

n.  .-at 

11.452 
1.973 
1,  9-14 
4.GI2 
0.  992 
9,  i82 
Ifi.  943 
5,  153 
4,  400 
1,033 
4.  335 
24.  394 

7  <;°9 

30,  13.1 
3,  ft!  1 
14.  877 

:i,  .wo 

10.718 
18,  7G3 
1,880 
40,  959 
563 
30,  030 
10,510 
M,  118 
1G.  973 
4,047 
11,250 
10.  739 
4.  037 
3,  995 
1,208 
7.511 
2,  034 
404 
3,103 
5,705 
4,  5-IG 
4,890 
8,  732 
G.  877 
4,012 
10.800 
8,642 
7,241 
24,009 
3*"1  8"^ 
13,  357 
2,742 
4,8-2 
14,  794 
12.403 
14  200 
20  376 
7,  979 
3.757 
26,401 
1.  421 
2,390 
11.144 
10  432 
9.991 
5.184 
11,915 
8,  4  IS 

7,701 

i 

23 

10,400 

18 
934 
63 
210 

B7:i 
14  ei 
934 

1,  181 

10 

0  801 

3  305  : 

815 

3 

1.-,  :>ll 

• 

3 

710 

2,  71  1 

1,010 

330 

3,  63!) 
1   114 

7 

3.  1117 
G58 
121 
2DG 
C01 
439 
.WO 
649 
413 
273 
185 
208 
1,739 
37") 

2  326 

2,  (534 

" 

| 

13 

9,  10.-) 
585 

1 

5-1:1 

1 

2,  C58 

4,080 

o 
48 

7.  983 



0  7.":; 

C7 
1   591 

30 

- 

15  :t-*> 



:  :  

1   G5.'i 

1.450 

1,070 
435 
G(W 
107 

18,  003 
2.397 
8,397 
5.  719 

17   ;..-,: 

50 
23 

PIC 
11  5-19 
6,  055 
35,  007 
5,  77fi 

657 

998 

83 
40 
15 
119 
235 
4<H 
1.  177 
92 
512 
499 

182 
1.  779 
G57 
375 
139 
89 
2F8 
555 
47 

4,319 

3,  1PG 
5.000 

3,  825 
4,  07" 
17  270 
5  8?4 
11,100 
7.279 
9,441 
7,945 
11,145 
13,020 
G.  737 
3,  7!5 

6.  610 
10,  037 
030 

154    

1 

2 

Gu5 
9,  590 

1,  VO 

19 

i 

3  309 

G.844 

50 
140 

385 
8 
173 

1 

3 

1,723 

18 

775 

4 

1,826 
4,  163 

40 

" 
150 

o 

9.194 

15 

:        4,  027 

630 

1.283 

... 

2 

...    .                  10  214    

i 

30 

3,303  i              36                 72 

'.'91  |         1,  107 

1 

r 

SO       546,719:     103,490         61,  305  i     933,015       1,431,413         10,908,204 

30 


STATE    OF    ILLINOIS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 

4 
5 
6 

; 

8 
9 
10 
11 

13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
. 

28 
. 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 

V 

39 

40 
41 

•'    -' 

43 
44 
45 

40 
47 
•: 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
53 
- 
57 
58 
59 
"«0 
61 
63 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improvrd,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

c 

Asses  and  muleg. 

Milch  COVCB. 

\Vorking  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

d 

£1 

c/: 

205,  106 
9,533 
86,  010 
139,173 

02,  37G 

283,  433 
10,811 
118,  655 
104,  041 
169,  610 
133,  2GO 
89,  463 
105,974 
•    111,879 
12o,  387 
2G7,  927 
64,  805 
38,  757 
2CG,  218 
116,  OC3 
.    91,923 
155,  207 
208,  811 
37,  065 
52,  219 
80,  5C3 
16,  155 
50,  028 
223,  193 
37,  879 
141,034 
132,  971 
40,  614 
312,336 
17,  993 
108,  409 
200,  078 
142,731 
43,  027 
70,  145 
91,  094 
95,  944 
119,  993 
42,  406 
222  586 

136,  143 
22,  869 
CO,  426 
26,  443 
71,879 
73,  927 
48,  801 
71,010 
92,224 
77,  WO 
54,  098 
102,  374 
116,655 
88,  899 
67,  571 
70,  023 
75,140 
39,  612 
16,847 
44,  793 
53,  483 
51,154 
96,  199 
50,  008 
70,  642 
114,598 
10,436 
130,  302 
132,604 
78,  672 
118,896 
11,009 
112,495 
120,  842 
45,  281 
72,  022 
47,  763 
81,474 
87,914 
110,919 
115,  049 
64,205 
136,017 
111,900 
68,  491 
48,  463 
13,  815 
88,  782 
44,  842 
18,  542 
86,538 
79,  779 
9,  493 
50,  323 
83,  132 
116,065 
80,  095 
.",7,  652 
142,848 
96,816 
80,  941 
20.  840 

$9,  228,  170 
305,  710 
1,089,845 
3,  085,  040 
2,  084,  951 
8,557,219 
009,  390 
2,843,417 
4,  200,  382 
5,013,180 
2,  632,  005 
2,  507,  506 
2,  745,  904 
4,  073,  548 
4,112,628 
10,  005,  "4 
1,742,235 
1,063,700 
5,5516,102 
3,  520,  751 
2,  384,  660 
5,  128,274 
5,  662,  398 
963,  015 
1,415,593 
1,  824,  588 
466,  616 
1,  507,  095 
8,  358,  807 
1,348,915 
4,  696,  905 
2,  573,  250 
1,233,170 
7,  005,  584 
442,910 
3,334,410 
5,  274,  000 
3,  035,  108 
1,602,730 
1,997,452 
1,892,813 
3,  534,  524 
4,701,210 
1,  070,  845 
7,  799,  711 
3,  738,  297 
4,955,320 
6,  990,  699 
4,881,604 
7,  715,  294 
1,  818,  935 
4,803,834 
3,  430,  450 
4,  881),  350 
4,361,421 
6,  753,  880 
8,  258,  090 
4,  330,  040 
6,  481,  325 
0,  052,  957 
3,051,215 
4.  238.  U75 

$268,  950 
21,  890 
03,704 
210,  029 
88,  203 
342,  940 
38,  750 
135,  852 
139,  213 
164,  352 
131,  484 
111,083 
110,409 
100,  203 
134,  243 
394,  093 
78,  143 
40,418 
350,  739 
170,  008 
82,  807 
204,110 
225,  892 
50,  777 
62.  178 
75,  829 
10,183 
71,725 
343,  659 
47,  979 
160,737 
99,  931 
45,  087 
202,  703 
17,  051 
144,  642 
246,  664 
130,  865 
70,  839 
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109,  359 
191,  330 
223,103 
51,961 
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184,  789 
317,  537 
320,  648 
209,113 
261,495 
92,  365 
257,  286 
125.  098 
206,  093 
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299,  702 
298,  586 
198,  850 
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82,  342 
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11,312 
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12,  029 
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3,  069 
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Clinton  

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DC  Witt. 

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180,  107 
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130,  240 
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Kendall  

Lake 

La  Salic.. 

i  Marshall  .  . 

STATE    OF   ILLINOIS. 


.31 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

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1,  180,482 
232,  885 
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1,103,378 
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354,  225 
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704,  293 
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350,  258 
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1,  224,  520 
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382,  624 
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83,  310 
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500,315 
170,  745 
105,  92-1 
143,453 
84,  575 
39,963 
199,  120 
92,  928 
299,  770 
99,  391 
27,  937 
829,  71(i 
151,375 
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212,  922 
130,  031 
49,  859 
29,908 
83,  659 
10,748 
01,407 
318,  883 
59,  438 
235,  294 
51,334 
40,  198 
218,  970 
24,  970 
211,478 
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84,  433 
138,  23G 
31,570 
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28(i,  181 
257,  887 
72,  859 
421,410 
102,  819 
195,  078 
442,  127 
205,  717 
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96,  954 
037,518 
140,  037 
254,  985 
212,  884 
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17,  486 
43,  092 
33,353 
68,  461 
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13,  092 
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31.757 
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20,  689 
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221,  530 
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13,  280 
99,  407 
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25,  378 
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10,680 
88,  675 
19,  374 
37,  663 
64,808 
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17,  278 
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16,  602 
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518,809 
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li«)    ..                                 2.  Ore 

STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

COUNTIES. 

Parley,  bushels  of. 

Bm-kwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wino,  gallons  of. 

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p,  e^ 

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280 

101  003 

1  173 

1  837 

0 

420 

14 

ir.,  731 

12  147 

23  022 

920 

480  879 

2°  994 

21  501 

17° 

3  767 

231 

11 

10 

2  3G5 

155 

26  448 

2M 

211 

2 

g 

Ifi 

J.9CC 

1  £72 

15  141 

24  012 

235  444 

2  845 

11  751 

41 

1  286 

17 

10,800 

110 

1  270 

89 

1  °00 

438  4')3 

°7  000 

37  9.55 

134 

1  036 

38 

4,533 

ID  7-13 

3  G05 

85 

9)0 

253,  525 

13  783 

25  080 

6 

294 

0 

10 

1.48.1 

1  °17 

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40 

9  793 

76  590 

250 

1  3K2 

14 

88 

11 

• 

200 

• 
4  935 

35 

804 

173  925 

1  919 

4  200 

135 

048 

84 

41 

48G 

30  174 

19 

9  000 

237  054 

3  910 

4  984 

23 

892 

14 

40 

1,330 

GGC 

14  809 

10 

750 

199  325 

4  407 

10  059 

7 

690 

41 

2  013 

1°  089 

312 

494  132 

9°  475 

31  404 

1  793 

44 

";)  301 

43 

9  1°S 

134  773 

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48,  047 

2  496 

17  712 

702 

3  OCS 

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99  207 

69  029 

1  4  Hi 

8  700 

166 

46 

9,  770 

4  71)5 

2  956 

199 

3  939 

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51  132 

39  392 

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12 

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3  213 

54 

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45  845 

40  645 

254 

16  841 

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17  830 

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15  G91 

o  09° 

4*15  915 

37  497 

41  734 

470 

5  955 

321 

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9  374 

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4  097 

271 

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174  911 

59  187 

328 

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3,  000 

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10,583 

1  440 

3   145 

710 

3  003 

728  731 

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47  902 

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8,280 

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1  804 

4  581 

128 

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3  851 

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185  140 

10  252 

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3  498 

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6  181 

7  '^If 

79 

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4  ,  058 

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15  535 

104 

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15.  407 

106 

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50 

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1   "'7? 

7  779 

553 

1  378 

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57,  777 

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8,043 

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4  602 

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1°  420 

24  293 

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3,  501 

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8  858 

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7.  83(5 

17.  870 

106 

1.  120 

10  I 

STATE    OF   ILLINOIS. 


33 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

1 
9 
3 

4 
,  5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
3 
14 
IS 
16 

18 

20 

it 
•  : 
;.l 
: 
' 
'( 
j. 
:- 
" 
:;<> 
.; 
:a 
:n 
:il 
• 
: 

n 
38 
39 

i  i 

11 

49 
43 

11 
45 

Hi 

;; 
i- 

.-,;> 
51 
;")•-! 
S3 
54 
55 
:.ii 
57 
- 
' 
60 
61 

n 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

3 

i 

i, 

tT 
&»J 
o 

e 

1 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  founds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

"\Yntcr  rotted,  tons 
of. 

•3 

Sd 

f-  B 

h  J 

•2     ' 
o 

1,795 

128 

11,880 

697 

8,090 

$4,29C 

$408,  374 

45 

250 
9,203 
80 
50 

5,742 
30 
14,991 
10,686 
70 
538 
3,467 
3,203 
6,159 
32,058 
20,063 
235 
23,848 
1,521 
14,  707 
15,  997 
494 
4,773 
2,092 
1,317 
25,154 
4,799 
7,192 
7,  494 
525 

10 
200 
1,  031 

987 

14 
403 
940 
214 
956 
607 
610 
371 
1,328 
1,  003 
536 
65 
413 
58 
1,537 
7-18 
330 
1,  151 
1,128 
1 
211 
1,038 
221 
655 
111 
381 
1,  421 

506 
99 
477 
169 
1,340 
918 
128 
798 
92 
1,011 
612 
175 
1,071 
1,028 
287 
803 
96 
385 
93 
813 
741 
8 
20 
1,743 
472 
915 
90 

120 
6,435 
23.  919 
10,  890 
13,  340 
2,600 
12,  173 
17,111 
13,  191 
19,  934 
33,380 
5,275 
15,275 
17,  803 
16,  756 
15,110 
10,918 
20,  994 
8,375 
18,  592 
21,565 
5,877 
22,641 
24,009 
220 
1C,  018 
45,  442 
4,595 
17,  824 
9,7!)3 
8,235 
43,  816 
868 
11,635 
2,  190 
11,539 
5,200 
42,208 
20,303 
10,211 
15,584 
599 
33,747 
20,814 
805 
17,301 
5,173 
11,029 
13,956 
4,780 
7,454 
5,150 
25,  093 
14,  244 
19,  609 
4,  375 
42,  975 
11,  S  17 
2,  140 
5.170 

5,  971 
55 
21,087 
125 
1,590 
028 
3,568 
3,  024 
2,823 
17,839 
16,  344 
75 
7,355 
1,112 
23,  376 
7,349 
1,448 
3,583 
1,209 
628 
15,040 
6,392 
6,681 
13,820 
00 
22,093 
20,206 
5,342 
16,409 

93,  101 
86,  240 
183,  1  H 
S40,  345 
43,  988 
91,411 
264,030 
254,420 
89,687 
115,  549 
98,963 
85,568 
189,  280 
110,  834 
154,  404 
30,606 
166,  921 
227,  303 
54,025 
126,  192 
147,  820 
62,034 
74,  792 
106,087 
6,539 
88,804 
529,300 
76,  810 
122,  411 
52,392 
68,709 
298,277 
23,812 
182,  143 
149,  193 
86,  910 
117,674 
68,627 
123,  571 
97,876 
220,732 
81,685 
219,  610 
124,  715 
138,  147 
203,440 
91,063 
177,966 
94,792 
106,  219 
70,883 
96,516 
139,  129 
133,  392 
221,  182 
197,  109 
393,  937 
366,550 
60,847 
108,  693 

100 

1,031 

31 

1 

1,393 

143 

000 
740 
ISO 

175 
209 
3 

5 

4  222 
1  810 

67 
551 

40 
789 
12 
117 

895 
100 
8,103 
1  980 

140 

13,500 
813 
280 

1 

100 
305 
20 
330 
10,  784 
50 
o  log 

40 

104 
85 
319 
400 
50 
3,550 
551 

5 

96 

30 

457 

- 
o 

10 
40 
9 
43 
8 

98 
987 

998 

50 

300 

CO 

215 
200 

9  8°0 

732 
777 
38 

50,  184 
1,604 
4,428 
1,934 
7,391 
32,563 
422 
8,564 
27,  159 
5,295 
3,148 
16,093 
14,834 
1,  192 
1,950 
844 
4,008 
5,937 
43 
59,  515 
95 
4,117 
9,528 
261 
3,776 
2,728 
27,507 
923 
5,519 
2,823 
6,  574 
190 
6,800 
5.341 

351 
509 
451 
46 
5,  725 
260 
240 
75 
3,501 
553 
6,810 
203 
4C8 

o 

20 
157 
600 

15 

40 

12 
225 

23,538 
9,061 
3,126 
1,936 
6,040 
2,568 
8,875 
18,.  716 
28,518 
705 
61,812 
27,200 
5,  942 
1,507 



200 

300 

20 

500 

1,000 
143 

70 
1,534 
4 

200 

101 

55 
155 
3,622 
6 

1,  840 

3 

382 

1,374 
225 
2,195 
50 
1,571 
40 

155 

3 

180 

15 

-.!> 

70 

8 
5 

64 

5,202 
2,008 
10 
12,003 
40 
1,784 
3,036 
6,452 
2,  807 
544 
2G5 
13,  151 
2,100 
2,002 
244 

1 

812 
14 

47 

0-J5 



195 

491 
800 
3,024 



90 

350 

101 

332 
20 
8 

0 

o 

510 
187 
310 
20 



11,284 

150 

99 

34 


STATE    OF   ILLINOIS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


63 
64 
Co 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
83 
BO 
91 
02 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OP  LAXD. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Uuimprovedjin  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

Pi 

| 
S3 

119,  433 
23,  914 
104,  231 
149,  535 
76,  520 
127,  484 
202,  838 
71,  467 
200,  190 
173,  557 
6S,  799 
97,  511 
172,  816 
30,  100 
10,  393 
50,038 
96,  070 
45,  630 
110,  593 
196,  735 
46,  150 
314,  271 
74,  066 
66,641 
141,  537 
125,  214 
209,  756 
215,  266 
53,880 
247,  167 
37,  083 
188,  161 
129,  089 
67,  194 
72,  503 
161,  602 
243,  066 
63,  790 
194,  646 
149,  089 

63,  611 
57,  521 
49,  545 
95,  484 
110,  566 
78,  187 
80,  236 
31,  974 
103,  019 
34,  612 
77,  929 
40,  074 
143,  135 
83,  518 
22,  795 
20,  019 
162,  020 
48,  216 
59,715 
120,  954 
111,  521 
65,  2-11 
92,  582 
47,  031 
118,  309 
21,728 
88,  275 
112,  429 
86,  280 
136,  428 
43,  G03 
77,  393 
106,354 
90,  508 
120,  472 
114,  HO 
50,  889 
132,  605 
49,115 
66,  605 

63,  029,  529 
689,  940 
3,  466,  031 
4,751,113 
3,  003,  870 
3,336,107 
9,  019,  910 
1,  854,  903 
8,  226,  291 
6,  812,  219 
2,  236,  945 
2,  74  1,  850 
6,  570,  936 
720,  814 
317,  939 
1,  882,  336 
3,  345,  607 
1,  454,  060 
3,  757,  900 
10,  721,  968 
1,  2-13,  220 
11,  866,  486 
2,  070,  885 
2,  0-19,  -177 
4,  224,  487 
2,  979,  105 
7,  016,  2G3 
7,  198,  430 
1,  789,  223 
6,  900,  813 
1,259,800 
0,  448,  857 
3,  81)0,  732 
1,  577,  743 
2,  267,  274 
5,  308,  231 
6,  824,  080 
1,812,527 
6,  451,  329 
4,  685,  920 

$215,  869 
47,  005 
141,  786 
234,  282 
138,  431 
168,  461 
237,  832 
73,  844 
388,  471 
314,  944 
106,  188 
68,  852 
237,  939 
36,  089 
14,  382 
69,  817 
157,  073 
54,  053 
175,  730 
490,  737 
45,  615 
307,  108 
93,  882 
88,  387 
153,  112 
175,  337 
306,  040 
352,  047 
93,448 
221,026 
03,  550 
243,  610 
171,206 
68,  384 
86,  945 
292,  047 
258,  006 
83,  697 
279,  331 
192,  594 

3,730 
1,  233 
5,  348 
7,  546 
4,756 
5,429 
7,795 
2  585 
11,  071 
9,211 
4,127 
2,667 
8,727 
1,  591 
631 
3,077 
7,289 
1,  839 
4,  677 
9,  579 
2,579 
12,  607 
3,  946 
3,911 
6,  140 
4,609 
8,  723 
10,144 
2,  605 
10,  801 
2,181 
8,381 
6,997 
2,857 
3,  499 
6,  585 
8,  965 
3,429 
6,986 
6,020 

1,072 
213 
559 
290 
453 
719 
1,006 
104 
169 
326 
703 
202 
1,  049 

51 
30 
604 
172 
83 
1,890 
422 
1,  715 
307 
429 
422 
65 
124 
303 
352 
192 
174 
724 
1,012 
269 
380 
118 
119 
5-17 
58 
100 

3,  492 
1,  519 
3,418 
0,  216 
4,198 
4,009 
5,  084 
2,086 
10,  471 
7,  249 
3,475 
1,  933 
7,721 
1,  733 
029 
2,  107 
5,  285 
1,  922 
5,573 
7,801 
2,571 
8,121 
3,665 
2,  353 
4,  907 
3,  527 
9,  176 
7,  600 
2,023 
7,  084 
1,  772 
0,  690 
5,  799 
2,  756 
3,375 
8,  255 
12,  893 
3,  434 
7,850 
5,  074 

603 
88 
313 
651 
1,  508 
632 
587 
445 
883 
295 
1,178 
601 
1,  150 
1,  242 
321 
50 
1,247 
042 
609 
1,  164 
1,745 
479 
707 
216 
1,829 
134 
897 
231 
1,  339 
862 
193 
641 
1,476 
1,  688 
1,607 
1,029 
881 
2,  656 
732 
182 

5,311 
2,794 
7,523 
10,  429 
6,432 
7,  912 
12,  610 
4,966 
117,  014 
11,  722 
6,  675 
5,897 
14,  344 
2,  347 
1,137 
3,740 
10,  332 
2,  898 
9,850 
9,552 
3,176 
17,  363 
7,477 
5,  420 
10,  236 
5,  750 
13,  017 
10,  099 
4,667 
13,  794 
2,881 
13,  025 
12,  906 
5,519 
5,  395 
10,  841 
19,  575 
6,  198 
11,  625 
7,207 

1,  898 
2,  859 
6,  518 
2,  577 
1,585 
9,  143 
7,166 
9,810 
3,  732 
2,  84!) 
6,  196 
3,  303 
12,  341 
5,  139 
828 
1,265 
6,118 
5,917 
1,621 
3,562 
7,702 
45,  420 
7,839 
4,163 
21,31.0 
1,565 
6,018 
6,791 
5,391 

5,386 
7,853 
7,  6-11 
10,  945 
10,  037 
1,  363 
8,880 
13,315 
7,  748 
2,  280 

Ogle 

Piatt 

Pike 

Pulaski  

Richland 

St.  Clair  .   .. 

Scott 

Shelby  .  . 

Stark  

Tazcwcll  

"VVabash 

White 

Whitcside 

Will 

Woodford  

Totnl  

13,  096,  374 

7,  815,  615 

408,  944,  033 

17,  235,  472 

563,  736 

38,  539 

522,  634 

90,  380 

970,  799 

709,  135 

STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


AGBIOULT  U  11 E . 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED 

o 
• 

'£ 

c« 

13,  8.10 

11,204 
o;j  1)70 

38,  097 
18,  783 
23,  218 
43,226 
]fi,  MO 
20,(i25 
23,012 
15,115 
15,315 
80,919 
14,827 
5,  473 

<;,  371 

23,  1.77 
8,  55S 
21,942 
37,  71)  1 
21,21)8 
(M,  !)17 
S3,  509 
18,  0->0 
40,341 
•    9,012 
247,  7<a 
30,  207 
21,3.18 
37,  659 
12,  1)08 
37,  472 
31,434 
22,332 
30,021 
12,  827 
10,953 
30,  9G2 
10,  020 
13,  42G 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

"Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

*3 

•9 

& 

,0 

fu 

I 

'•3 

g 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  IbB.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

Irish  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

63 
64 
65 
06 

07 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 

85 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
ICO 
101 
102 

$04  1,  CGO 
181,481 
771,731 

1,0-12,  551 
580,  422 
746,  304 
1,411,490 
400,385 
1,353,405 
1,227,978 
566,  222 
433,  870 
1,162,590 
221,  512 
70,234 
328,  070 
721,025 
217,916 
CG8,  232 
1,  242,  462 
339,  CGI 
1,  926,  254 
490,  903 
455,  6G7 
950,  407 
393,  248 
960,  577 
1,227,511 
351,  629 
1,214,077 
253,  142 
1,  123,  231 
790,  193 
394,  9G7 
504,  940 
8G8,  G59 
1,  013,  059 
491,  387 
81G,  879 
679,  888 

237,270 
57,  1.77 
78,  272 
343,  020 
366,  181 
158,  077 
208,970 
40,  480 
1,  153,  465 
323,990 
9.-),  518 
75,326 
468,  810 
43,  872 
20,  840 
114,933 
342,  455 
47,  027 
295,  014 
883,  847 
42,  180 
303,  747 
95,381 
181,  442 
128,  750 
359,  246 
822,  874 
318,884 
168,  530 
86,911 
87,271 
282,  407 
177,675 
5G.800 
101,  243 
G08,  574 
251,483 
97,  842 
685,  915 
280,  779 

27,029 
1,132 

3,  373 
2!),  863 
799 

2,734 
9,150 
4,219 
51,  405 
94,030 
384 
2,424 
1,  717 
G78 
31 
7,116 
1.87G 
1,007 
G,  892 
210 
318 
11,  695 
1,090 
1,919 
19,  142 
5,648 
40,  405 
3j,  i/-.j 
KM 
12,  407 
287 
15,  4G2 
515 
123 
1,114 
G,  2GO 
1,915 
375 
43,  521 
5,242 

1,940,879 
279,  270 
1,  544,  810 
2,  042,  636 
560,515 
814,  037 
2,  452,  100 
1,  (!»3,  241 
858,155 
2,  465,  162 
411,892 
1,593,280 
2,  193,022 
321,  565 
92,  103 
487,  303 
730,  803 
334,  595 
1,  176,  436 
1,671,763 
485,  103 
3,  599,  405 
910,  798 
699,  090 
1,  G59,  499 
687,  027 
893,  318 
2,  592,  560 
508,  670 
2,  172,  428 
375,  378 
3,  205,  102 
1,  178,  825 
GG9,  579 
804,  930 
793,  713 
1,020,989 
G90,  195 
497,  973 
1,  502,  435 

67,  138 

!'     ' 

87,  523 
158,082 
132,  726 
102,  2G4 

100 
48,  480 
3,373 

4,  592 
5,  145 
19,  628 
9,  149 
5,378 
31,964 
19,336 
28,  062 
10,020 
8,400 
14,  251 
9,  175 
19,  180 

'.'.'           • 

1,  526 
4,  650 
13,002 
12,  778 
5,025 
9,  071 
15,  384 
139,  117 
19,455 
13,  112 
43,221 
4,893 
20,289 
15,622 
12,503 
74,098 
12,  170 
22,019 
14,  552 
25,  914 
21,  507 
3.  545 
17,  825 
21,447 
26,855 
8,296 

507 
1,  985 
445 
861 
147 
943 
263 
536 
367 
1,730 
1,  9G1 
1,  751 
513 
660 
156 
274 
1,309 
621 
560 
816 
3,  7-13 
460 
582 
162 
610 
127 
472 
879 
1,113 
2,655 
452 
545 
5,410 
3,  02-1 
970 
500 
2,  223 
4,  169 
1,781 
203 

31,551 
21,  556 
18,014 
57,  481 
31,890 
19,359 
39,354 
12,  843 
71,511 
132,330 
11,040 
21,683 
60,927 
29,146 
C,  529 
08,  112 
31,132 
14,  487 
89,044 
159,  G71 
20,  575 
70,295 
30,  25-1 
15,020 
33,183 
17,  947 
93,038 
75,  370 
29,  672 
51,017 
11,712 
00,334 
18,045 
14,  700 
16,558 
62,  840 
167,  957 
19,  792 
7-1,  738 
54,022 

484 
6,  422 
2,620 
1,040 
1,045 
4,397 
3,830 
928 
274 
2,193 
0,071 
975 
4,070 
2,978 
3,211 
906 
20,182 
2,225 
227 
10,  847 
9,340 
3,  349 
580 
1,208 
2,  265 
184 
39 
3,359 
21,596 
2,560 
2,428 
1,087 
17,428 
2,074 
5,100 
311 
694 
18,005 
109 
G73 

17 
1 

30 
9110 
4,  860 
8,275 
100 
3,485 
870 

70,081 
34,532 
7:)7,254 
203,203 
39,832 
30,  033 
75,  570 
3,  272 
1,  401 
83,320 
117,018 
25,  234 
132,  344 
245,  409 
9,  417 
180,  025 
42,339 
11,237 
06,253 
123,  778 
570,  542 
225,  814 
15,  052 
88,  181 
15,  396 
154,  909 
135,  075 
23,788 
41,  021 

320  o:;o 

16,325 



475,  300 
10,585 
1,098 

705 
5,  395 



104 

10,213 

40 
1,  043,  456 
3,700 
8,285 

CO 
105 

13,  142 

12 

3,230 

17,  302 

17,  127 

150 

3,  124 
5,021 

8,725 

94,  542 

251,  310 

1,382 

797,  530 

7,  7:a 

396,  374 
187,  733 

1,  708,  137 

200 

2,  502,  308 

72,501,225 

23,  837,  023 

951,  281 

115,174,777 

15,  220,  029 

6,  885,  262 

1,482 

1,  989,  567 

108,028 

5,  540,  390 

306,154 

36 


STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


63 
04 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84' 
83 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

O 

O 

I 

>, 

a 

"o 

•a 

s 
f 

"V  «*: 

s  ° 

h 
E> 

JO 

5 

ft 

p 

,0 
r%    <« 
1 
1 

0 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

630 
130 
670 
8,028 
40,  929 
2,009 
1,110 
394 
07,  482 
22,  202 
445 
1,501 
892 
8 

3,772 

387 
1,280 
3,  162 
900 
3,971 
1,557 
3,804 
484 
7,  595 
490 
3,  225 
3,192 
33 

$705 
6,  530 
8,251 
13,  820 
2,035 
10,  724 
11,  848 
5,  741 
9,096 
21,307 
5,081 
1,  050 
17,229 
8,050 
2,  001 
10,  421 
12,  309 
7,607 
16,  448 
57,  043 
9,745 
]8,  328 
9,410 
7,  920 
4,883 
3,023 
3,707 
19,  486 
32,  894 
17,  286 
11,  214 
5,250 
9,340 
10,  62G 
14,  007 
12,  445 
5,475 
35,  088 
5,005 
0,790 

50 

$244 
10,  550 
1,906 
2,158 
100 
60S 
SO,  220 
295 
3,253 
14,688 
55 

37,  720 
90,  976 
137,  772 
370,  239 
27,  COS 
205,  371 
292,020 
103,  090 
836,  161 
393,  948 
81,  197 
87,  890 
263,  507 
57,  069 
17,  805 
110,  672 
152,  220 
79,  064 
344,  741 
211,239 
134,  550 
337,  013 
100,  895 
78,  917 
236,  162 
128,  846 
641,  708 
302,  146 
73,  035 
317,  137 
88,  462 
304,  540 
192,  185 
134,  031 
107,  614 
572,  734 
834,  096 
189,  280 
554,  873 
200,  945 

2,803 

727 
6,175 
15,011 
9,054 
4,455 
3,463 
1,210 
38,  393 
18,  035 
5,967 
4,890 
5,349 

1,778 
819 
7,743 
24,  243 
3,017 
10,  757 
19,  318 
3,243 
39,792 
29,  405 
2,  734 
4,181 
12,  407 
244 
304 
6,780 
5,498 
4,212 
23  572 
11,  593 
901 
26,  278 
8,274 
5,314 
7,807 
12,  762 
36,  104 
24,  137 
1,807 
13,  659 
4,134 
28,826 
5,083 
3,435 
2,259 
39,  489 
75,  343 
1,  103 
29,  698 
10,  979 

25 
9 
10 
105 
8 
6 
61 
64 
1,313 
204 
1 

202 
165 
941 
3,  040 
5 
2,063 
1,323 
405 
4,138 
3,883 
140 
321 

60 
97 

10 

Mercer  

Monroe  

14,044 
20 
150 

7 
104 
12 
40 
15 
4 

Ogle  

371 
1,498 
40 

Piatt  

Pike 

35 
310 
4 
140 
233 

385 
129 
2,070 
784 
3,194 
120 
11,459 
26,464 
447 
3,155 
177 
128 
2,667 
200 
4,871 
1,  /03 
7,784 
13,169 
4,493 
143 
552 
130 
C46 
1,909 
10,405 
50 
2,808 
200 

453 

431 
6 
30 
430 
500 
482 
1,102 
88 
300 
3,222 
1,  096 
272 
1.C85 
1,030 
1,272 
1,079 
18 
1,  092 
620 
5,414 
321 
812 
608 
1,441 
2,527 
52 
791 
1,481 

26 

Popo  

17 

20 
20 
33 

C,  043 
4,  421 
44 
12,  595 
112,  924 
27 
12,  707 
1,100 
C 
1,341 
3,485 
49,  041 
22,  263 

1,076 
590 
851 
1,905 
1,319 
398 
3,009 
6,  304 
438 
3,006 
616 
746 
5,418 
173 
13,  070 
429 
3,877 
871 
2,231 
791 
C50 
7,453 
223 
140 
4,910 

9,203 
5,155 
8,570 
19,  185 
46,  988 
1,045 
9,260 
9,  157 
5,825 
4,313 
10,  598 
37,561 
21,  188 
20 
15,  978 
4,374 
9,924 
2,000 
2,325 
1,047 
57,  260 
76,  905 
315 
49,  295 
11,425 

45 

Richland  

Rock  Island 

47 
2,105 
300 
63 
90 
190 
30 

9 

27 
13 
238 
034 
176 
49 
31 
208 
530 
o 

108 
635 
21 
o 
o 
337 
595 
597 
1 
35 
127 

107 
2 
10 

St  Clair. 

Saline  

65 
57 
60 

Scott 

Shelby 

Stark  . 

378 
178 

36 
38 
342 
144 
go 

5 

Tuzewell  

1,210 
282 
9,800 
504 
219 
111 
18,  799 
19,384 
40 
19,315 
13,315 

1,109 

o 

702 
138 
214 
680 
425 

6 
41 
33 

White 

"\Vill 

40 

19 

23 

105 

Woodford 

Total. 

1,  036,  338 

324,117 

1,  120,  323 

50,  690 

387,027 

28,  052,  551 

1,  848,  557 

1,  774,  554 

18,  831 

191,  273 

7,254 

1 

STATE   OF   ILLINOIS. 


'61 


AGRICULTURE 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

•   : 
64 

•  , 
• 

'•' 
•  • 

70 
71 
73 
73 
74 

77 
78 
79 
80 
81 

83 
•  84 
83 
86 
87 
88 
89 
' 
91 
93 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 

• 
: 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  BUgnr,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  »f. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dow  rotted,  tons 
of. 

AVater  rotted,tons 
of. 

v 

i 

a 
a. 

t     <i 

Q.   S 
a 

&  a 
£ 

5' 

10 

• 

1 
103 

20 
50 
3,768 
745 

1,820 
204 
3,430 
20,318 

1C3 
233 
4'JO 
C53 
10 
5C5 
U07 
542 
505 
701 
115 
719 
733 
17 
123 
394 
187 

593 
778 
400 
497 
570 
440 
1,107 
147 
230 
907 
010 
2,175 
203 
238 
1,432 
877 
275 
591 
684 
313 
407 
301 

5,343 

5,742 
11,  337 
16,  483 
50 
13,  397 
8,003 
11,491 
13,433 
21,339 
4,549 
2,721 
12,792 
430 
4,682 
12,  108 

0,  913 
12,  401 
7,872 
5,907 
30,722 
14,006 
7,  793 
27,  837 
2,  940 
7,703 
16,  318 
11,112 
34,  215 
6,977 
18,653 
13,  937 
25,577 
8,750 
15,  374 
17,  019 
6,150 
12,  132 
11,805 

$1,507 
24,  007 
27,  100 
16,  512 

105,335 
54,  108 
81,  849 
103,  144 
15,  813 
172,  138 
638,252 
45,  605 
216,  164 
2S8,  957 
60,323 

100 
15 

0 

10 

103 

23 

8 
o 

ICO 

5 

131 
91 
140 
3 
1 
510 
218 

5 

4,059 
1,779 
11.49L 
7,  108 
12,  784 
898 
2,  501 
3.07C 
1,414 
170 
4,014 
1,213 

9,095 
173 
4,870 
335 
20,  987 
403 
20,  835 
5,  7  15 
4,311 
1,814 
233 
15,  402 

9,  753 
4,733 
8,959 
1,319 
1,260 
4,403 
320 
10,408 
9,908 
356 
124 
4,148 
9,  504 
2,  349 
21,103 
44,  670 
5,115 
6,004 
890 
19,630 
053 
1,277 
3,042 
15,262 
16,  052 
8,229 
4,232 
7,884 
22,000 
21,  910 
3,313 
679 
76,043 
1,083 
16,  022 

100 
120 

5 

20 

103 
13 

1,355 

142 

5G 

40 

933 
485 

91 
147 

403,126 
57,  731 
17,317 
47,  388 
124,  001 
60,893 
147,  226 
225,  443 
99,419 
579,  160 
161,600 
202,  373 
69,  490 
122,319 
183,  801 
320,930 
83,381 
183,  515 
71,047 
127,420 
117,  526 
94,401 
141,916 
122,  752 
173,  726 
137,508 
114,131 
124,254 

CO 

2 



1  523 

297 

138 
583 
20 

1,082 
80 

12 

CIO 
250 

206 
45 

100 
37 
53 
5 

65 

8 

75 

1,445 
250 
140 

712 
810 
6,586 
1,  S89 
750 

15 
35 

378 
120 
35 

40 

200 
o 

703 
927 
238 

10 

0,370 
915 
1,836 
1C,  1C7 
700 
200 

220 

100 
8 
1C 

200 
30 

30 

100 
50 

49 
4 
16 
5 
1,  503 
25 
8 
4 
140 
o 

0 
4 

380 
3,095 
4,353 

37,  108 
4,845 
J5.7CO 
0,835 
8,042 
811 
9,403 
1,402 
3,003 

424 

i,e;s 

745 
10 

65 

89 

2 

3 

20 

4,  235 
770 
290 

0  ngQ 

124 
450 
CC4 
20 

130 

. 

250 

243 

51 

1,208 

48,233 

8,670 

1,  543 

131,  195 

20,048 

800,  589 

56,730 

1,  340,  803 

923,  220 

15,032,433 

38 


STATE    OF    INDIANA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
G 
7 
8 
9 
W 
11 
IS 
13 
14 
15 
10 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
20 
27 
28 
29 
30 
::i 
::.' 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
4G 
47 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cusll  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Imi>roYcd,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  ID  furms. 

I 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

"Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle.* 

J3 
C£ 

48,  359 
108,  075 
111,093 
15,  G-19 
20,  370 
92,  835 
33,  791 
84,  502 
81,005 
91,  7!)3 
64,719 
87,  lisa 
41,813 
99,400 
102,  1C8 
123,  573 
GO,  G5G 
97,  449 
58,  27!) 
118,302 
84,  257 
3-1,  967 
105,  351 
180,  125 
59,  4G9 
100,  CCG 
72,  810 
108,  200 
100,  537 
80,  880 
104,  821 
149,  018 
117,  531 
55,  373 
62,  394 
114,704 
48,780 
01,  470 
10!),  028 
08,  943 
f)f)  14'J 

60,  302 
147,  908 
103,  8G1 
31,342 

34,  229 
119,  C8G 
77,  391 
94,  436 
101,  G2G 
87,  503 
88,  131 
113,003 
09,203 
119,963 
82,058 
C8,  377 
85,  271 
105,500 
138,  008 
117,454 
50,  200 
34,  900 
99,  430 
100,  872 
05,  219 
144,  129 
47,  700 
171,  G87 
94,342 
86,  170 
119,437 
54,488 
94,  910 
71,870 
81,013 
119,  335 
27,  344 
88,  482 
99,  830 
81,476 
03,  941 
106,  430 
126,  551 
7!),  073 
71,  111 
87,  190 
110  431 

$1,057,480 
5,  270,  388 
5,  032,  880 
1,211,460 
757,  340 
4,  5B3,  11-1 
900,  783 
4,413,332 
4,  -133,  050 
4,  388,  031 
2,  4C9,  134 
4,  595,  945 
954,  283 
2,  792,  551 
5,  457,  900 
C,  050,  158 
2,  980,  858 
5,  044,  000 
1,319,575 
G,  504,  577 
5,  898,  Oil 
1,715,483 
4,  539,  201 
5,  050,  014 
S,  310,  200 
3,981,007 
3,  104,  998 
3,  190,  G95 
5,  047,  278 
4,  031,  219 
2,  918,  010 
4,771,120 
G,  893,  320 
2,514,795 
3,  405,  801 
4,  330,  5G6 
],  103,119 
2,  600,  610 
4,  870,  S70 
2,  803,  454 
G,  245,  805 
2,  310,  234 
4,  084,  327 
3,007,472 
2,057,788 
0,415,512  j 
3.  RIO  5"4 

$09,015 
107,  2-18 
133,180 
12,  184 
19,  590 
133,  1  13 
37,314 
185,  990 
135,  270 
HO,  103 
86,  081 
103,031 
41,  709 
111,190 
109,  8!3 
174,  496 
80,  313 
147,  04G 
93,  9CG 
184,  258 
151,  280 
51,693 
149,  890 
150,  £89 
83,  110 
108,  727 
99,  615 
111,706 
173,  078 
105,  338 
133,  834 
131,  529 
189,785 
84,  0-17 
104,255 
138,  702 
36,  075 
74,044 
135,  908 
57,  597 
153,  252 
102,  613 
132,  199 
111,  993 
85,  316 
148,  480 
1  13.  817 

3,  213 
6,572 
5,851 
1,899 
1,557 
7,081 
1,533 
4,  C98 
5,254 
4,  019 
3,  591 
5,  017 
1,902 
4,529 
4,982 
0,  123 
3,072 
5,721 
3,410 
5,  470 
5,007 
1,702 
5,  905 
G,  134 
3,  394 
5,  159 
3,876 
5,415 
6,015 
4,  534 
5,154 
6,  856 
6,805 
3,586 
3,913 
5,563 
1,800 
3,728 
0,  375 
3,490 
6,413 
4,302 
4,  597 
3,  5?3 
2,515 
4,502 
5.072 

25 
53 
5?5 
58 
39 
437 
151 
40 
59 
243 
150 
120 
75 
336 
221 
704 
5 
22 
60 
12 
170 
47 
227 
137 
95 
303 
35 
149 
138 
91 
229 
509 
100 
50 
34 
500 
30 
133 
203 
305 
420  ; 
394 
8 
11 
49 
105 
1.032 

3,  148 
7,  292 
4,  901 
1,309 
1,407 
4,  031 
1,557 
4,498 
4,955 
4,  274 
3,  250 
4,888 
1,791 
4,108 
4,  5C7 
4,  512 
4,397 
4,  608 
3,  404 
6,077 
2,  918 
1,  759 
4,  508 
5,  CO! 
92D 
4,508 
3,  419 
5,101 
5,183 
3,  027 
4,  481 
4,585 
4,  902 
3,121 
3,633 
4,943 
2,  270 
3,  450 
5,412 
4,  060 
4,100 
3,741 
5,221 
3,  791) 
4,  015 
4,  33!) 
4.  132 

403 
1,238 
595 
97 
89 
405 
034 
274 
439 
508 
725 
248 
703 
1,  030 
085 
503 
975 
330 
1,  400 
853 

844 
199 
503 
9!8 
1,203 
250 
1,748 
276 
194 
570 
383 
459 
449 
306 
934 
308 
631 
700 
771 
212 
470 
1,181 
795 
789 
801 
990 

4,  014 
10,  876 
7,012 
4,  959 
2,572 
0,753 
2,  351 
0,  100 
7,  713 
5,612 
5,  000 
6,215 
2,  415 
8,134 
4,862 
8,  192 
7,114 
7,322 
5,  971 
7,  909 
5,  404 
1,755 
7,074 
5,490 
5,986 
6,012 
4,855 
8,  995 
8,  081 
5,289 
5,708 
10,691 
8,055 
•  4,  185 
5,711 
6,  207 
5,575 
4,536 
0,  775 
5,  929 
6,  399 
8,  137 
9,088 
6,209 
6,010 
6,  352 
9,  137 

8,540 
15,  301 
10,  GOG 
3,  849 
4,720 
14,  108 
5,009 
13,  049 
12,  551 
9,886 
9,848 
13,  952 
6,056 
14,  026 
5,  906 
10,  740 
18,  264 
14,820 
8,  400 
16,  082 
7,  3  15 
2,  793 
15,  070 
8,083 
8,412 
12,  004 
13,885 
15,  402 
13,  269 
12,  508 
12,  361 
16,404 
12,  125 
8,739 
12,237 
11,  722 
3,524 
10,  841 
14,  169 
11,710 
11,775 
12,611 
17,  039 
20,  425 
1,702 
6,022 
15,  722 

Allen  

Blackford 

Carroll  .  . 

Chirk 

Clay  .. 

Clinton 

Do  Kail) 

Elkhart  

Fayettc  

Floyd...    . 

Grant    . 

Jackson  

Jasper  

Jay 

73,  321 
83,  705 
79,  857 
62,  066 
129,  434 
150.812 

Luke                                    1 

Lawrence  .  .  . 

STATE    OF    INDIANA. 


39 


A  G  R I C  U  L  T  U II K . 


LIVI;  STOCK. 

PEODUCED. 

O 

| 

tc 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

1 

p 

.0 

P~  u 

S   o 

a 
a 

'•B 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of4001b».  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Poa3  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

A 

0 

{* 

G    jg 

&  " 

ft 
'£ 

Sweet  potatoes,  bnsh- 
cl»  of. 

1 
2 

t 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
0 
10 

13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
• 
20 

23 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 

43 

45 
46 

1 

15  470 
31,371 
50,  420 
7,  212 
10,  515 
42,353 
HO,  009 
30,  308 
29,200 
30,  239 
27,  580 
39,  160 
11,030 
32,  284 
18,  408 
42,  783 
18,  917 
33,375 
25,  596 
10,540 
35,506 
7,  970 
37,  903 
34,507 
17,553 
53,437 
27,  255 
41,370 
42,238 
32,  105 
27,  551 
30,  972 
31,  495 
24,  204 
25,137 
41,123 
5,251 
S2,864 
24,923 
21,163 
45,  472 
3-',  108 
27,  022 
13,800 
5,  235 
11,931 
38,712 

$C02,  950 
612,  P36 
772,  705 
202,  «I8 
10,  521 
784,  494 
170,  230 
595,  074 
611,227 
585,605 
475,  945 
098,  479 
270,783 
512,  408 
573,  584 
915,  943 
413,  035 
609,  902 
357,  401 
637,031 
650,  539 
212,  401 
791,  606 
672,  249 
403,  810 
775,210 
410,  486 
087,  431 
830,  923 
517,  895 
537,  792 
902,  108 
827,  108 
373,847 
443,  867 
702,  022 
270,  030 
389,  117 
725,  237 
347,  739 
859,  074 
475,  1G4 
659,  438 
478,  202 
359,  830 
523,  706 
802,  791 

105,  701 
223,  892 
341,205 
5,  530 
153,  410 
135,098 
50,410 
282,771 
295,  818 
104,  407 
109,  857 
201,  740 
57,  852 
130,  797 
213,  245 
334,  696 
154,  083 
218,  537 
83,  440 
370,  776 
202,163 
54,  701 
981,  433 
303,  773 
137,  134 
248,550 
151,  783 
141,919 
238,700 
163,  170 
2S7,  877 
140,  706 
273,  301 
122,  962 
107,  225 
108,  709 
24,287 
90,  075 
107,996 
150,  826 
202,  383 
13j,  L5i> 
249,  099 
236,  380 
07,  579 
430,  104 
119,  392 

8,830 
11,238 
3,  099 
1,  534 
3M 
974 
4,812 
2,400 
1.C25 
4,043 
2,279 
1,  152 
1,  372 
013 
14,  450 
4,103 
9,259 
1,802 
1,528 
4,5'JO 
887 
3,  392 
8,189 
7,457 
3,  002 
560 
584 
2,  780 
489 
2,019 
7,010 
1,228 
595 
840 
1,850 
3,017 
1,602 
4,  271 
8,182 
1,  951 
3,005 
2,  998 
3,  090 
12,223 
3,300 

12,  181 

244,  945 
052,  235 
1,412,285 
340,  888 
174,  605 
1,  031,  016 
220,  490 
793,  591 
787,  823 
661,  713 
630,  008 
2,  102,  005 
211,373 
832,946 
682,  407 
1,114,324 
94,  749 
925,  936 
297,  002 
621,  281 
895,  948 
144,  304 
1,  394,  856 
1,041,110 
396,  140 
1,411,095 
690,  077 
957,  167 
1,  320,  171 
708,  855 
479,  470 
1,  157,  305 
1,  025,  818 
701,7:5) 
539,  561 
1,177,815 
254,  915 
404,616 
555,691 
372,  890 
1,331,523 
877,188 
701,  868 
472,  847 
283,  420 
751,  140 
811,  134 

51,  037 
124,  068 
103,  774 

12,850 
58,198 
29,225 

41,411 

4,01(1 

21,157 

40,341 
20,  4!M 
5,001 
10,  825 
38,  180 
10,  017 
30,  025 
31,927 
17,708 
21,  37.") 
37,  504 
12,  818 
28,  468 

347 
1,815 

38,  185 
155,  02!l 
30,588 
2  919 

190 
CS3 
5,  697 

17,  13li 
400 
4,401 

380 
1,988 
737 
005 
187 
905 
1,231 
35 
1,915 
497 
1,298 
1,739 
538 
535 
4,  194 
70 
220 
551 
1,524 
1,  255 
40 
231 
777 
820 
1,00-1 
345 
2,417 
588 
418 
931 
91 
1,810 
451 
091 
:,952 
704 
2,  700 
207 
44i: 
1,171 
1,  022 
199 
641 

13,  428 
41,903 
15,  209 
57,  407 
83,002 
33,  689 
28,  399 
63,  450 
13,315 

57,  780 
31,442 
78,288 
41,532 
18,  870 
123,  909 
18,  10-1 
54,205 
45,  800 
42,  452 
53,  813 
23,  242 
34,  293 
22,  498 
00,253 
23,758 
85,  233 
35,392 
29,333 
45,  021 
0,417 
23,392 
15,  142 
41,  097 
48,  991 
25,  341 
10,238 
17,387 
82,  901 
92,  232 
46,  320 
97,995 
If,  424 

173 
2,326 
1,414 

2,  377 
2,064 
10,960 
2,  156 
2,022 
1,  814 
3,  187 
2,277 
4,  052 
197 
1,274 
017 
320 
5,209 
6,929 
2,523 
2,702 
634 
5,227 
1,990 
2,775 
3,902 
3,  051 
6,  452 
6,860 
G,  542 
4,  034 
1,428 
3,819 
- 
1,161 
2,  240 
2,120 
5,  279 
4,  951 
1,129 
191 

2,364 
3.399 

47,  749 

170,715 

96,  357 
50,250 
98,  286 
19,  100 
67,  319 
15,  508 
19,  596 
60,422 
83,  353 
74,  991 
52,903 
39,  8-13 
82,  451 
54  812 
31  70-1 

5  877 

4  150 



20,900 
17,  492 
4,000 
312,004 
50  908 



405 
9  250 

15,  509 
29,  3U2 

300 
6,  250 
420  472 

48,  207 
43,  017 
10,  238 
42,  15.-; 
31,  315 
, 

120 
3,600 
1,975 
12,  121 

63,003 
121,714 
14,  908 
32,882 
50,648 
24  792 

48,  %3 
20,  083 
20,  5(35 
32,  145 
34,  730 
35,  109 
34,  320 
25,918 
27,  383 
39,  050 
38,  459 
20,  774 
28,  480 
27,  125 
7,227 
30,055 
30,138 
26,350 
33,511 
21,037 
42  050 

4.800 

12  405  '  

132,  892 
18,  782 



457,  051 
11  !    ' 

70,  737 
62,  074 
65,  233 
90,  246 
129,  219 
32,  921 
01,  502 
100,757 
18,071 
38,  297 
69,  671 
42,  755 
65,089 
17,  3(3 
56,580 
54,  865 
111,029 
81,  172 
98,  614 

09  432    

3  494    

13  274    



21,848    
32,  955    

22,597    

590 
1  *>  707 



17,200    
8  295    

32  1U3    

32 

1,078 
193 
2  791 

50,  178 
5,105 
15,  451 
36.  170 

1,  200 
8.  512 

40 


STATE    OF    INDIANA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 

6 
7 
H 
!i 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
2° 
23 
24 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
31 
33 
30 
37 
38 
3D 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
40 
•17 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushelH  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

I 
| 

"3 

a 
3 

fu 

i» 

_o 

s 

™ 
a 
s 

£ 

"8    0 
V 

S 
2 
o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

309 
1,397 
7,053 

11,  1C2 
10,  626 
2,780 
710 
5,318 
4,511 
2,003 
5,003 
8,130 
034 
2,811 
7,302 
18 
1,471 
2,901 
4,802 
14,  058 
9,030 
339 
2,138 
1,322 
141 
3,847 
4,  607 
9,394 
1,  004 
7,875 
2,040 
5,307 
6,841 
59 
1.043 
0,400 
2,151 
8,275 
1,190 
824 
11,510 
1,061 
1,870 
4,025 
070 
9,398 
7,  033 
5,003 
0,  540 
040 

$1,  069 
26,  500 
8,283 
290 
2,714 
19,  800 
1,711 
27,  022 
27,041 
15,  441 
1C,  703 
19,  447 
3,996 
5,803 
5,474 
728 
12,647 
17,  148 
6,114 
30,837 
0,828 
10,  493 
30,  100 
0,048 
6,087 
33,510 
10,  051 
8,  090 
23,  272 
18,  908 
14,  053 
21,  568 
38,  836 
5,403 
10,  704 
1,581 
2,217 
8,602 
10,  541 
1,902 
25,  548 
9,703 
19,  325 
10,  110 
3,  520 
17,  957 
5.  925 

$25 
6,350 
128 

206,  802 
406,  004 
319,  840 
6,350 
103,  053 
249,  733 
57,  010 
389,  412 
305,  410 
254,  447 
213,  404 
210,  880 
57,  097 
80,  543 
257,  258 
278,  261 
334,  Oil 
233,  371 
02,  841 
389,  833 
213,  038 
67,  108 
154,  001 
290,  600 
162,  080 
227,  005 
185,066 
139,  581 
200,  843 
220,  573 
102,  544 
233,335 
382,  840 
109,  241 
215,  941 
279,906 
61,  270 
200,  088 
0,021 
120,263 
257,527 
109,153 
328,  128 
249,  920 
337,  115 
318,  575 
176.  S13 

7,533 
0,  944 
5,354 

0,257 
17,  286 
5,568 
1,073 
2,256 
6,802 
1,534 
5,651 
9,903 
5,877 
4,642 
7,290 
1,707 
4,763 
14,  495 
8,007 
12,  340 
6,289 
2,  030 
15,112 
8.103 
3,500 
7,587 
0,052 
11,  107 
5,802 
4,  575 
4,079 
6,360 
3,765 
3,270 
0,  009 
6,592 
3,464 
6,863 
4,936 
9,354 
5,217 
13 
5,300 
5,177 
4,317 
10,  722 
13,100 
24,  080 
12,  635 
4.114 

007 
2,186 
272 

111 

340 
285 

19 
209 
202 

Allen    .      . 

459 
216 

850 
2,126 
239 
1,  574 
2,140 
1,210 
1,612 
1,709 

18 
346 
251 
82 
10 
19,  111 
175 

3,634 

46,  050 

5,477 
516 
1,641 
2,440 
1,750 
3,090 
3,456 
90 
8,220 
11,  051 
8,222 
40,  279 
0,227 
530 
18,206 
8,060 
400 
8,214 
5,780 
8,429 
2,362 
4,  237 
5,532 
7,737 
1,232 
54 
4,041 
6,020 
300 
3,210 
3,982 
8,522 
6,231 
10,  0-13 
1,050 
8,197 
250 
3,730 
15,  168 
32,  804 
19,  065 
3.327 

80 
55 
42 
603 
1,004 

8 
154 
313 
3 
85 
48 
1,204 
3,658 
198 
3 
6,605 
254 

103 
208 
218 
208 
757 
481 
457 
332 
172 
79 
120 
384 
247 
590 
40 
37 
308 
123 
568 
543 
203 
180 
531 
489 
321 
284 
135 
370 
551 
150 
155 
111 
145 
504 
1,075 
124 
402 
163 
242 
227 
679 
84 
1.460 

120 
135 
59 
03 
124 

587 
13,  423 
1,594 
13,  880 

179 

Carroll  .   . 

Cass  .  . 

Clark 

Clay  . 

415 
8 
23 
20 
1,505 

715 
59 
26,  572 
177 
27 
220 
15 
151 
162 
1,533 
20 
5,392 
260 
200 

3,721 
11,  814 
3,170 
331 
790 
812 
17 

301 
32,  253 
005 
1,470 
4,  0-10 
.4,900 

4,011 
402 
305 
19,  933 
362 
898 
410 
173 
1,228 
3,  5G1 
2S3 
135 
6,741 
1,732 
1,722 
271 
104 
1,040 
20,  228 
2,302 
1,017 
1,870 
2,008 
037 
1,929 
6,041 
40 

DC  Kalb     .... 

104 
13 

Elkhart 

Fayetto 

7,938 
40,226 
3,147 
25,  980 
3,320 
4,400 
150 
885 
915 
100 
738 
413 
32 
1,390 

2 
36 
158 
2,328 
100 
14 
23 
23 
14 
5 
4 
31 
9 
62 
7 
16 
4 
30 

Floyd 

57 
143 
805 
429 
83 
189 
281 
335 
1,111 
180 
544 
132 
901 
44 

Fulton 

Grant  ... 

70 

2,700 

27 

Ilimtinfftoii  

654 
2 

525 
5,  130 
117 
41 

6 
1,  373 
16 
200 
SB 

5,048 
4,230 
261 
12,  278 
349 
1,382 
1,730 
316 
2,  032 
15-1 
3,207 
100 

50 
50! 
13 
151 
151 
3,157 
4,859 

173 

244 
73 
01 
10 
38 

251 
20 

Lawrence  •  .  .  . 

STATE    OF    INDIANA. 


41 


A  G  II I  C  U  L  T  U  R  K . 


PRODUCED. 

c 
"3 

Tf 

E 
G 
ft 
U) 

•a 

a 

'3 

< 

1 
3 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 

• 

' 
U 

13 
14 
15 
16 

19 
20 
21 

24 
25 

27 
£8 
29 
30 

33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
• 
• 
41 
43 
43 

• 
•- 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pouuds 
of. 

•5 
a 

o 

c, 

a  -8' 

3. 

71 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

i 
i  -• 

"o    2 

a  1 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

0 

TO 

1 
1 

Honey,  pouuds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

^'atcr  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Ch 
&| 

sa 

o 

303 
53 

1,221 
05 
435 



13,  403 

34,  477 
G,  945 

1,  510 
1,040 
3,  8-13 

2,269 
8,  023 
5,711 

887 
1,  952 
151 

1C,  442 

28,  128 
0,783 
775 
18,507 
32,  277 
4,  534 
19,253 
19,  127 
11,298 
10,  040 

2,  523 
5,711 
2,483 

1,  231 
20,  120 
612 
4,  022 
7,  G87 
1,  135 
21,  674 
6,  835 
21,  230 
18,711 
18,  712 
15,  009 
19,  843 
11,  863 
5,583 
15,  960 
16,  519 
25,  063 
10,002 
12,  037 
5,895 
22,  04  1 
17,  457 
5,  535 
15,  804 
9,022 

19,  912 
11,097 
9,327 
11,825 

$7,  765 
0,  113 
9,  084 

$6-1,  023 
100,407 
119,  703 
2,002 
30,812 
110,  25-1 
39,378 
152,  599 
183,038 
212,285 
'go,  384 
91,397 
50,  110 
130,  951 
154,007 
100,  133 
83,970 
108,  730 
08,519 
122,  COO 
103,  774 
43,  531 
127,  101 
137,  341 
82,385 
190,  445 
87,  701 
99,529 
116,100 
70,  397 
121,210 
92,  578 
128,  919 
68,953 
96,083 
206,  861 
30,881 
00,581 
131,  738 
77,509 
120,340 
112,513 
125,  667 
74,867 
59,219 
84,293 
224,  545 

250 

5 

• 

3,138 
1,990 
3,405 
73 
77 
500 
1,218 
337 
3,  845 
918 

2,921 
388 
79 
2,951 
223 
3 
100 
7,837 
G9 
97 
40 
71 
200 
9,915 
10 
1 
935 
6 
254 
1,105 
37 
101 
4,085 
127 
1,299 
3,690 
101 
320 
14,  098 
425 
2,  804 
73 

era 

10,755 
003 
G7 

407 

10,223 
27,822 
9,045 
23,719 
14,735 
9,509 
10,  971 
24,  512 
0,  402 
2  407 

1,473 
6,030 
1,503 
2,972 
3,598 
2,  349 
1,233 
3,  434 
1,851. 
275 
1,153 
3,451 
1,052 
1,851 
340 

5,283 
1,437 
3,011 
5,293 
1,461 
1,834 
905 
2,327 
4,  093 
1,404 
1,  259 
2,720 
11,731 
2,  051 
1,997 
881 

1,471 
30,  990 
9,  407 
8,042 
11,  380 
2,453 
19,  910 
11,384 
3,413 
10,  707 
2,  012 
5,731 
3,744 
13,  036 
2,  914 
9,  150 
8,  923 
267 
8,274 
4,  003 
15,  042 
(>,  207 
17,563 
23,  302 
27,  739 
10,998 
8,093 
19,  718 
8,  271 
16,  247 
11,483 
4,200 
8,  740 
10,  203 
5,  310 
2,  230 
. 
1,983 
18,500 
13,  156 
2,073 
4,695 
7.207 

755 
883 
80 
462 
1,074 
84 

350 
11 
94 
29 

702 
329 
33 
G5 
60 
30 
801 
89 

33G 
• 
538 
194 
110 
87 
530 
404 
321 
323 
160 
40 
253 
237 
Gl 
311 

1,  114 
1,377 
553 
307 
214 

6,  663 
20,  850 
7,  433 
10,610 
6,350 
10,  895 
12,  531 
12,890 
9,080 
19,  127 
1,523 
10,  789 
6,787 
14,581 
3,795 
3,  835 
998 
1,833 
8,320 
2,  913 
5,087 
27,  912 
12,  53D 
19,  478 
13,700 
10,  175 
13,  874 
16,  8C8 
6,214 
10,  182 
8,  KB 
15,  314 
2,510 
15,334 
12,730 
12,109 
14,  167 
8,  894 
11,429 
2,330 
G23 
631 
16,  897 

11 

8 

70 

5 

1,  436 

11,397 
08,  257 
15,  628 
2  048 

105 
515 
1,125 
3 
10 
CO 
220 
492 
473 
707 
1G7 
241 
1,  525 
205 
100 
1,097 
722 
155 
95'J 
242 
1,119 
15,  080 
4,  447 
15,080 



128,550 
910 
310 
44,  324 
G,  579 
14,  731 
14,  420 
33,087 
4,935 
20,  054 
5,501 
1,315 
13,  OG3 
34,  571 
30,  117 
30,8^1 
0,395 

53 

7 
74 
04 
23 
1 

3 

1,000 

500 

25  733 

2  075 

5,021 

2,505 
630 
3,830 
1,314 
0  970 

3,  052 
11,292 
14,  004 
50,057 
28,  392 
125 

17  R1R 

5 

3 

• 

21 

133 

:;  . 
240 

071 
102 

5 

1,  192 

1 

722 
3.337 

5 

50 

82              1.  169 

57 

15.  622      . 

42 


STATE   OF   INDIANA. 


AGRICULTUR E . 


- 

49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
53 
56 
£17 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
• 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
• 
< 
: 

92 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAXD. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

1 

Livi;  STOCK. 

Improved,  ill  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

0 

cc 

109,  004 
133,  221 
29,231 
44,  102 
85,  723 
325,392 
200,  922 

97  722 

93,  381 
40,  385 
S3,  507 
95,  959 
77,  397 
117,404 
113,343 
39,  048 
93,  190 
27,  114 
108,  504 
82,  597 
115,113 
93,  974 
89,  230 
50,819 
79,  534 
51,077 
49,  934 
123,077 
117,487 
108,  255 
90,  503 
50,  744 
107,  581 
111,840 
30,  847 
80,  330 
102,072 
51,214 
130,  074 
71,  190 
41,806 
46,  999 
86,  599 
90,  315 
110,  064 
75,  986 
109,  035 
141,926 
115,  454 
74,  950 
69,481 
70,  402 

$5,  CC1,  358 
30,923,439 
1,  092,  420 
1,137,020 
4,  470,  525 
3,054,350 
7,  807,  182 
5,  7G7,  548 
904,571 
3,  242,  207 
2,  026,  760 
2,  458,  913 
3,  530,  527 
5,  081,  953 
3,098,473 
1,  056,  220 
3,  307,  780 
3,  780,  090 
1,  005.  370 
7,  755,  C34 
5,  852,  790 
3,  702,  003 
10,266,041 
4,  310,  675 
1,  170,  590 
7,  790,  350 
2,  790,  195 
411,050 
2,  420,  995 
2,  548,  305 
4,  508,  770 
8,  257,  COO 
2,  020,  633 
4,  350,  027 
1,  912,  594 
2,  477,  892 
3,  958,  905 
4,  913,  670 
3,  915,  395 
3,  060,  049 
4,  283,  381 
11,583,148 
2,  393,  249 
2,801,063 
2,  921  .  590 

$143,221 
219,  970 
36,  503 
47,  262 
137,817 
95,  673 
•    297,600 
138,  935 
23,  092 
97,  300 
19,  730 
93,  548 
112,  537 
154,013 
37,  218 
78,781 
85,  015 
47,951 
33,  7-10 
183,  021 
1G1.G92 
119,042 
222,  793 
131,  434 
42,  711 
199,  049 
107,490 
15,  215 
82,715 
107,  723 
333,965 
198,  804 
46,  879 
145,  129 
54,  582 
92,  846 
114,459 
159,  729 
102,  453 
103,037 
375,  839 
309,  033 
08,  794 
79,  606 
77,611 

4,359 
7,380 
3,518 
2,055 
5,  104 
5,400 
30,  333 
0,  350 
3,230 
3,398 
3,465 
3,  995 
5,  459 
6,399 
1,831 
3,365 
2,  835 
4,207 
1,017 
8,  035 
6,028 
5,  354 
8,  566 
4,263 
2,  399 
7,021 
107,  489 
395 
3,136 
4,  880 
3,578 
9,  059 
2,  395 
3,680 
•2,  283 
4,205 
5,  543 
6,140 
5,  333 
3,811 
6,297 
8,  327 
3,531 
3,058 
3,  198 

09 
238 
9 
83 
57 
301 
864 
444 
70 
21 
111 
538 
155 
490 
30 
133 

355 
51 
1,308 
77 

3-;c 

303 
73 
170 
249 
293 
19 
9 
200 
138 
323 
45 
125 
454 
96 
269 
81 
207 
417 
596 
305 
55 
122 
126 

4,  050 
0,  093 
1,003 
1,927 
4,  922 
3,  979 
7,  066 
4,025 
1,285 
4,280 
1,099 
3,079 
4,350 
4,  400 
2,200 
2,  055 
3,909 
3,  490 
2,625 
0,  122 
5,  990 
5,489 
5,  490 
4,510 
2,071 
5,388 
3,  107 
847 
4,188 
3,  943 
£,  924 
0,828 
2,  309 
2,  616 
2,595 
3,074 
4,  264 
5,838 
4,401 
3,248 
5,  047 
0,  572 
3,  398 
3,741 
3,533 

410 
374 
441 
927 
432 
085 
418 
559 
205 
873 
65 
093 
807 
037 
1,003 
1,  257 
718 
875 
817 
893 
535 
1,511 
208 

217 
310 
1,037 
512 
1,204 
557 
403 
314 
2  383 
10 
414 
219 
434 
035 
180 
1,633 
839 
357 
379 
714 
733 

6,  270 
7,  254 
3,119 
4,  238 
8,390 
7,395 
14,184 
9,  221 
3,230 
6,741 
1,515 
5,  191 
8,  072 
8,  353 
2,478 
3,742 
5,468 
5,  548 
3,827 
13,578 
6,  990 
7,  325 
12,  074 
6,486 
2,890 
7,  105 
4,  369 
1,082 
5,  695 
8,568 
2,788 
13,  579 
4,941 
3,  602 

5,280 
0,900 
8,409 
1  1  ,  503 
5,212 
8,115 
11,511 
4,  190 
8,010 
5,123 

11,  634 
10,  933 
2  322 
8,087 
11,  717 
13,  992 
21,  924 
15,  072 
3,088 
35,699 
3,  563 
13,  674 
15,  710 
18,  510 
5,070 
9,019 
5,584 
7,802 
3,  921 
19,  359 
14,  305 
12,  160 
15,  588 
7,  930 
2,  975 
11,341 
7,511 
505 
16,  631 
15,  425 
5,766 
12,  433 
6,639 
3,  737 
2,879 
8,355 
9,  991 
10,018 
7,  099 
9,406 
16,337 

12,094  I 
! 
10,291 

9,904 
10,583 

Marshall 

Montgomery  

142,  092 
27,441 
09,  285 
31,  284 
95,  753 
130,  355 
108,  842 
37,  134 
CO,  107 
73,  123 
79,712 
41,306 
245,  817 
114,  104 
98,  990 
145,  503 
88,  250 
45,  050 
130,  013 
72,  801 
9,511 
CO,  305 
91,907 
77,  485 
109,  913 
42,  431 
59,  880 
50,  850 
07,  017 
95,  737 
100,  099 
120,  003 
78,  223 
343,819 
152,009 
57,  642 
84,  992 

.'A,  :i;  i 

Noblo  

Ohio 

Owen 

Parke 

Perrv 

Pike  

Porter  

Posey  

Rush  

Scott  

Shelby  

Stark  

Yan<lerburgh  

Vigo  

Wabash..  . 

White 

Whitlcy  . 

Total 

8,  242,  183 

8,146,109       355,712,175         10,457,897 

520,  077                 28,  893 

363,553           317,087 

588,  144 

991,  175  | 

STATE   OF   INDIANA. 


A  O  RI  CULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PKODUCED. 

s 

; 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

\Vheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

Indian  corn,  bushels 
of. 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Pens  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

a 

3 
A 

w." 
'Z      3 

't;    » 

t~ 

A 

Sweet  potatoes.  bush. 
eU  of. 

43 

49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
51 
55 
00 
57 
03 
59 
00 
01 
02 
03 
01 

CO 
07 
03 
09 
70 
71 

73 
74 
73 
70 
77 
73 
7D 
83 
81 
82 
. 
84 
83 
86 
67 
83 
89 
90 
91 
92 

38,  8C8 
47,  OH 
8,  -13  7 
13,975 
29,  077 
31,  145 
03,  317 
CM,  9<B 
5,  091 
20,  930 
7,  S-1G 
29,  300 
47,  7x10 
41,  7110 
15,  184 
31,  825 
12,  040 
33,  1C7 
7,  319 
GJ,  005 
38,  592 
£5,  479 
75,  024 
1C,  123 
13,  GIG 
47,  G7G 
2I.49U 
2,535 
7,  800 
28,  830 
13,979 
30,  770 
10,  485 
27,  592 
O.C97 
17,  587 
30,891 
35,  005 
21,  285 
2G,  113 
37,385 
40,  877 
25,  787 
12,479 
17,387 

$502,  4C2 
075,  4C1 
1G7,  942 
280,  570 
5G7,  322 
017,910 
1,225,802 
934,  087 
182,  783 
428,  949 
143,  177 
014,353 
072,741 
788,  475 
222,050 
413,491 
417,480 
407,  131 
218,098 
1*453,638 
730,  910 
089,  805 
1,  178,  OCJ 
4-13,  170 
282,  2G1 
979,  394 
473,  153 
70,538 
450,  110 
550,  907 
408,  70S 
1,  ICG,  704 
334,  348 
500,  743 
200,  738 
400,  509 
038,  243 
711,  595 
735,715 
510,  780 
891,141 
1,145,804 
307,  202 
401,  180 
390,  452 

200,112 
331,  105 
94,  878 
01,943 
274,  040 
109,  571 
204,  340 
178,  997 
11,  573 
205,  202 
100,  400 
110,  571 
'  182,  155 
203,  037 
54,  303 
108,380 
149,  151 
199,  427 
59,  007 
140,  101 
154,208 
305,  101 
371,  885 
302,  870 
07,  773 
359,  900 
131,703 
9,314 
133,053 
135,  200 
181,  £69 
225,  723 
50,081 
127,  128 
83,084 
108,  875 
179,  159 
280,  570 
53,441 
151,084 
221,  904 
311,  131 
132,  010 
08,033 
141,  835 

751 
2,100 
1,113 
913 
3,  201 
2,  705 
0,  934 
4,  3  12 
227 
7,701 
4,  227 
7,931 
31,711 
4,  843 
302 
283 

o   •Jfto 
J,  (U- 

57 
3,455 
18,  040 
4,  113 
17,  203 
4,020 
4,505 
843 
1,553 
1,070 
2,479 
19,  000 
1,022 
9,813 
47,  450 
005 
047 
030 
11,052 
2,  747 
2,  72  1 
2,278 
02 
7,  002 
841 
4,011 
4,190 
3,003 

1,  108,087 
1,545,000 
278.019 
318,021 
80S,  907 
008,  094 
1,551,705 
1,000,030 
108,255 
471,030 
293,  751 
433,  IS)' 
989,  450 
1,354,070 
280,  75  1 
010,  183  . 
404,  005 
1,039,211 
225,  102 
1,754,839 
880,  944 
428,  948 
1,  847,  005 

42,  3G9 
110,621 
15,057 
23,230 
59,711 
CS,  C87 
118,148 
70,  G18 
9,  524 
81,091 
7,107 
71,  843 
02,571 
50,  375 
10,531 
19,  374 
73,  944 
20,  847 
. 
123,  473 
120,700 
08,  047 
130,  082 

42  125 

31,229 
23,  083 
10,  4  10 
10,  770 
33,  788 
29,  947 
88,007 
30,850 

1,021 
2,770 
204 
201 
457 
1,087 
2,  493 
1,  430 
770 
210 
1,099 
319 
030 
253 
733 
1,055 
723 
o 

521 
2,  915 

823 

31 

002 
840 
1,798 
115 
9°7 
175 
•    1,170 
1,089 
89 
90 
181 
683 
1,253 
070 
40 
237 
1,405 
330 
319 
043 
202 

38,383 
130,  213 
20,907 
11,215 
81,803 
15,  10J 
40,  259 
23,  505 
1,  030 
80,223 
22,  009 
8,508 
20,  001 
29,  51  1 
35,  424 
12  2^2 
43,007 
20,877 
31,311 
31.CU3 
42,  723 
45,  839 
28,304 
90,509 
1  1,  101 
35,  107 
00,  257 
10,  999 
80,803 
18,  CD7 

93,  930 
29,110 
0,009 
24,106 
24,077 
44,300 
84,  203 
27,202 
19,  301 
18,  592 
47,  790 
03,  571 
42,  723 
09,281 

2,337 
15,107 

2,081 
2,  1  11 
5,980 
0,120 

0,380 
200 
100,  089 
10,  718 
13,  782 

17,  194 
1C,  594 

1,8:0 

39,  092 
4,  05G 
31,725 
33,  730 
03,  420 
10,  074 
910 
18,  930 
12,  117 
0,701 
5.1,  01  1 
43,  GOO 
2(i,  :!51 
50,077 
22,511 
19,  904 
30,913 
15,  002 
1,321 
02,501 
32,  005 
17,  307 
49,421 
13,  820 
15,  184 
5,710 
23,  200 
21,003 
40,  410 
25,  777 
17,915 
42,509 
30,  095 
25,  471 
33,372 
23,  993 

471 
22,013 
3,  074 
3,  009 
7,043 
875 
2,113 
31 
1,  045 
328 
7,209 
2,980 
2,970 
4,208 
1,936 
2,  405 
5,113 
4,884 
117 
95 
0,  925 
1,951 
2,750 
1,343 
1,030 
1,773 
1,320 
0,011 
2,499 
876 
9,600 
4,783 
15,  124 
079 
397 
1,110 

c::o 

38  590 

73  080 

14,  870 
130  031 

717  420 

3,  570 

2,  490 

10,  703 
27  920 

330 

223,  220 
1,  749,  752 
600,  250 
05,  988 
334,  288 
850,  545 
422,  980 
2,  384,  400 
530,  121 
055,  025 
429,  405 
1,  000,  983 
1,  281,  532 
990,  809 
1,  221,  195 
CIO,  854 
731,  700 
1,  387,  202 
423,  020 
078,038 
410,307 

32  172 

18,050 
170,  250 
1,  145,  095 
095 

72,  323 
31,511 
773 
30,  015 
9,003 
12  858 



2  210 

050 
2,075 

03,001 
15,  072 
04,  820 
15,  482 
37,  030 
23,  107 
80,  173 
30,  129 
22,  190 
102,  908 
202,  194 
40,  439 
11,  477 
42,  780 

'0  833 

5,120 
12  450 

71,  023 
510 
9,404 

41,292 

450 
1,731,833 
81,  945 





181,985 

9,110 
5,351 
2  OOD 

3,000,110 

41,835,539  ,  10,848,207 

403,  405 

71,  583,  010       5,  317,  831 

7,  003,  378 

'  2,  552,  318            79,  002       3,  806,  647 

200,  516 

4-1 


STATE    OF   INDIANA 


AGRICULTURE. 


48 
49 
. 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
. 
57 
58 
..' 
CO 
61 
62 
63 
64 
05 
i  ; 

'    , 

68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
;  , 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
,-  1 
85 

87 
88 
83 
90 
91 
: 

COCKTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

1*                       * 

II      ! 

t»  "1                          & 

•o    *                             fcT 

1  Z               | 

S                                                        -H 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

c 
2 

>> 

a 

^ 
1 

1  *" 

I, 

0 

1 

o 

£1 

a 
jz 

4^  *•"' 

3 
c 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

2,  C73 
3  752 
CM 
127 

4,  290 

CSS 
5,241 

203 

9,043 
5,070 
3,  CCG 
744 
5,813 
5C9 
3,  492 
2,  9C8 

$10,  027 
48,  173 
8,150 
1,473 
18,000 
10,  073 
37,  7GO 
19,  942 

20 
81 
30 
5SO 
224 
133 
23 
1,061 

$2,  235 
41,395 
3,578 
3,  950 
017 
252 
4,710 
1,060 

222,  945 
301,  140 
73,  377 
81,773 
227  452 
195,  470 
373,  434 
220,020 

1,  423 
3,170 
4.2S7 
ICO 
2,  482 
4,  508 
17,  037 
13,  328 

C,  145 
9,  157 
3,  524 
1,377 
7,303 
4,259 
947 
4,  8c8 
1,  131 
11,733 
3,  4CG 
1,020 
4,139 
7,371 

1,911 
17,  730 
3,117 
9,  000 
8,  747 
7,100 
10,342 
7,111 
13,  7-19 
2,099 
4.  948 
3,  75G 
3,027 
14,801 
4,  523 
14,  192 
9,937 
2,425 
3,306 
4,  093 
3,831 
9,  978 
8,  104 
9,270 
3,  838 
7,  089 
9,  204 
C,  182 
10,  330 
7,201 

331 

93 

47 
951 
192 
734 

238 

128 
204 
241 
251 
200 
1,002 
E31 
550 

18 
123 
174 
32 
214 
46 
215 
191 

Marshall 

Miami 

Xoblo 

CCS 
1,380 

C78 
4,181 
003 

13,  573 
1,203 
5 
2,  557 
1,450 
3C8 
83 
4,425 
50  1 
5,120 
783 
10,  COO 
3,  ICO 
1,  230 
'   5,  857- 
103 
C,  373 
707 
2,413 
14,  107 
090 
2,579 
10,  172 
2,  303 
1,  974 
373 
4,800 
2,173 
0,704 
5,540 
40 
133 
3,857 
11,352 
1  1    "~q 

.f     11,  0(3 

9,  132 

15,  £89 
2  7^2 
8,  334 
10,  875 
21,  175 
0,533 
7,313 
11,204 
9,  ISO 
CSG 
3G,  553 
20,  280 
9,008 
30,  840 
22,491 
1,£S8 

13,  296 
342 
14,851 
10,  218 
0,851 
29,  400 
1,590 
4,991 
9,040 
7,549 
11,284 
20,  118 
12,370 
14,421 
17,  1GS 
£9,  C43 
.5,430 
3,530 
7,088 

2,  477 
2,588 
1.374 
411 
2,033 
1,560 
101,311 
1,480 
5CG 
3 
1.C34 
0,9 
190 
0,827 
8,912 
04 
EOO 
280 
199 
1,140 
310 
7,795 

130 
4,321 
5,  139 
9,  001 
9,454 
1,332 
100 

253,  515 
90,  207 
142,  123 
148,  720 
.     181,103 
40,  008 
1,085 
•       ._ 
02,  735 
81,496 
350,  180 
374,  858 
210,444 
335,  143 
245,  C01 
80,  451 
230,  073 
104,  088 
27,  496 
2C3,  030 
100,  403 
193,  547 
233,  046 
103,  842 
173,  103 
09,  937 
130,  935 
170,  084 
342,  208 
135,  385 
100,  099 
257,  953 
378,  858 
199,  COO 
129,  C30 
194,  023 

13,  673 
3,  729 
2,  923 
2,313 
12,  061 
015 
1,911 
14,815 
G 
889 
8,901 
8,323 
23,010 
3,149 
4,470 
100 
G,  790 
023 
140 
24,  598 
1,  313 
10,  897 
1,734 
CO 
3,140 
351 
2,882 
1,407 
10,  195 
C,  005 
283 
4,182 
7,710 
4,400 
4,  195 
2,851 

4,  -  1  1 
48 
103 
107 
405 
1 
161 
70 
333 
103 
373 
110 
43 
414 
1,  844 
30 
213 
11 
249 
2,050 
10 
49 
C7 
13 
120 

75 
199 
1,190 
18 
32 
8 
001 
2S3 
50 
1,467 

30 
477 
1,  533 
G7G 
344 
25 
79 
318 
40 

34 

» 

027 
411 
203 
1,001 
143 
ISO 
299 
141 
5 
243 
419 
1,447 
381 
78 
445 
192 
157 
2,530 
332 
176 
45 
1,133 
820 
210 
312 
157 

Ohio 

2,  C51 

10 

03 

•    ' 
5 

5 

40 

Parko  

005 
C8S 
10 
1,499 
9 

Pike 

1,710 
5,  U42 
133 
256 
6,022 
C,  COO 
2,200 
6,  317 
584 
18,  i'87 
10,  CC2 

Puloakl 

C2 
210 

15,  777 

81G 

Rush  

St.  Joseph  

433 
0 
82 
50 

10 
3.2CO 
23 
29 
57 
92 
11 
15 
52 
2 
40 
19 
23 
33 

Scott  

Shelby     

Stark  

Steubeu 

7-13 
49 
•  C,  -173 
3,301 
73 
11,563 
18,  826 
831 
3  n73 
4,  234 
22G 
CO 
£3 
18,  133 
2,770 
81 
563 

o 

4,314 
59 

TJpton  

42 
10,3% 
C 
410 
21 

Wabash  . 

Warren 

G 
3 

\Varrick  

8 
.      23 
1,470 
G 

20 
20 

325 
12,  383 
9,820 
370 
100 

235 

f. 
126 
51 

Wells 

White 

Whltley 

Total  

382,  245 

390,  989 

1,  S58,  942 

102,895               540,153!       18,300,651!            005,795           022,420 

1 

CO,  726 

34,914 

27,  884 

STATE   OF   INDIANA. 


45 


AGRICULTURE. 


IMIODUCED. 

•s 

o 

"n 

iiL-.tr. 

o 

-3 

•3      -8 

i 

aT 

•c" 

1 

o 

s  ° 

,: 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

rt 

k  1 

0 

fi 
O 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

T'laxsecd,  bushels 

Silk  cocoons,  pou 
of. 

|* 

L"            ..  3 

r  <«       *"  c 

u  o      g,  a 

S         0 

Maple  molasses,  £ 
Ions  of. 

Sorghum  molag. 
gallons  of. 

llceswax,  pounds 

Honey  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  hoi 
mode,  value  of. 

.0 

ja 

H 

C3 

'a 

217 

4  843 

12  813 

14  CGG 

1,349 

10,  399 

355 

17,  847 

$13  008 

119  130 

4fl 

2,  44G 

ll,7::7  

4,  020 

13,  424 

63 

10,  791 

6,  4  10 

153,  894 

49 

19  SCO  ' 

830 

7.  938 

521 

4  419 

35  148 

51 

3  7°0 

1  193 

5  ™>5  ' 

183 

8  031 

2  205 

11  073 

G-*  287 

51 

5 

1  P8G 

733 

35  673 

4  013 

9,825 

403 

17  145 

11  047 

153  347 

2  085 

C8 

13  841  ' 

3  003 

10,  261 

216 

13,  153 

16  291 

82  183 

53 

575 

153 

39  887 

9  879 

20  290 

075 

63  221 

13  511 

152  563 

51 



989 

144 

8,481  

1,000 

21,  866 

402 

30,  523 

23,459 

110,085 

K\ 

1 

Sfi 

48  853  

3,234 

4,  057 

1,  297 

21,171 

100,635 

57 

°G"> 

1  8°8 

775 

177 

136 

o  f)On 

2  073 

45  492 

rs 

605 

13  GG1 

2  090 

2  970 

73 

0  047 

18  398 

176  074 

59 

0  833 

1ft  492 

2  739 

17,010 

94 

G,  159 

17,  WO 

74,  G5:J 

63 

200 

103 

399 

4 

17,058  

2,  117 

18,  284 

20,383 

6,921 

117,433 

61 

9-10 

1  710 

1,309 

71 

1,531 

4  770 

63  036 

63 

1 



325 

o 

G  559 

GC9 

4  107 

137 

0,121 

15  338 

120  596 

6'! 

10  095 

302 

4  626 

40 

10  140 

480 

63  157 

64 

07 

1G3 

3  030 

3  547 

259  163 

05 

340 

6,703 

°  O'-'O 

29,727 

66 

" 

o 

31  "97 

3  760 

10,004 

223 

23,  875 

19,  184 

143,  058 

67 

1  514 

39  583 

4,287 

25,  493 

575 

19,  339 

17,351 

115,  752 

68 

1,050 

120 

988 

181 

5  703 

4  501 

370 

11,110 

12  270 

104,  243 

1,  930 

31,031  

9,309 

4,401 

20 

8,089 

6.319 

166,  6)6 

70 

o- 

53  058  ! 

3  780 

7  152 

401 

8  025 

1,848 

103,  658 

71 

229 

1 
1  099 

305 

655 

680 

14  829 

39,  COS 

7-1 

245 

441 

G  479 

2  441 

20  209 

297 

11  334 

113  906 

]18,  US 

73 

150 

19 

160 

14,029 

131 

7,871 

9,  433 

108,  702 

74 

50 

1,486 

104 

'CG9 

10,031 

73 

4 

1 

1  3*4 

4') 

35  757 

1  855 

G  444 

1,783 

23,  894 

6,656 

72,  247 

7G 

1 

140 

5 

17  825 

394 

2G  141 

9,552 

20,833 

118,313 

77 

480 

5  2G7 

2  001 

592 

574 

11,343 

12,  090 

75,056 

78 

20 

1  810 

4  111 

1  941 

4  501 

928 

1,886 

297,  138 

79 

487 

39 

7  350 

811 

1°  280 

03 

19  033 

9,198 

41,  303 

R1 

4  0°8 

11  818 

4  65° 

4  6°2 

101 

3  715 

20 

52,287 

81 

214 

40 

81S 

1,703 

74,  514 

f 

10  850 

355 

JO  394 

7  206 

8,884 

133,778 

FT 

45 

7  737  

821 

17  830 

335 

7  57° 

0,347 

145,  COS 

Ft 

200 

GG7 

3  847 

47  893 

3  503 

20,  315 

1,110 

21,737 

18,225 

170,  935 

65 

1,365 

1  257 

1  850 

104 

1,163 

513 

14,  197 

2,965 

73,  809 

4V) 

950 

33 

4  110 

17  353 

107,  134 

gj 

5'0 

10  °85 

4  900 

163 

27  040 

18  709 

182  658 

PS 

8  374 

23  700 

6-  1G3 

26  018 

84 

14  471 

6  487 

1G5,  132 

Ft 

2  284 

8G9 

33  541 

5  235 

972 

23  305 

9,635 

99,380 

90 

CS 

475 

0^5 

135 

8  913 

293 

12  257 

3,  470 

63,068 

Cl 

9° 

39  311 

7  740 

514 

IT  018 

62,683 

93 

1,355 

51 

2  81G 

97  119 

HO  4-">0 

1  541  701 

291  908 

881  049 

34  5°5 

1  2^4  489 

986,393 

9,  824,  204 

40 


STATE    OF   IOWA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 

4 
5 

(i 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
SI 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
40 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
CO 
57 
58 
59 
CO 
01 
C2 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farminp:  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  iu  farms. 

o 

Asses  and  mules. 

sj 

o 

,d 

F°3 

Working  oxen. 

Otiicr  cattle. 

p, 
Z 

Adah*                      

4,  009 
6,  29  1 
50,  366 
74,027 
2,881 
59,  9C8 

16,  760 
19,  546 
133,  097 
146,  832 
14,  648 
84,  052 
01,  508 
31,004 
72,  241 
83,  568 
540 

$201,  680 
225,  050 
1,  722,  7-10 
2,  240,  170 
111,597 
1,903,048 
1,  3GO,  0!I5 
038,  892 
1,031,330 
1,  456,  513 
2,400 

$7,  602 
12,  019 
76,  087 
106,  549 
3,655 
80,  374 
63,  922 
31,373 
48,  058 
57,  360 
DO 

307 
3K8 
1,  938 
3,803 
152 
2,645 
1,852 
1,202 
1,490 
2,  031 
1 

o 
11 
10 
81 

333 
412 
2,  991 
3,504 
193 
2,  693 
1,  824 
1,181 
1,587 
2  212 
5 

113 

217 
1,884 
1,316 
51 
821 
530 
379 
539 
000 

u 

543 
671 
l!,  943 

5,  440 
29!) 
3,  047 
2,  064 
2,  493 
2,406 
3,446 
11 

4G6 
576 
1,  640 
8,211 
105 
2,  001 
3,108 
3,383 
1,629 
1,851 

30 
29 
05 
13 
21 

34,  405 
23,  476 
28,  490 
37,  772 
00 

20,  393 
1,038 

1,400 
9,813 
131,575 
4,089 
75 
1!>,  205 
28,  093 
208 
108,  691 
139,  507 
2,382 
38,082 
87,909 
54,  615 
97,  031 
107,  531 
367 
109,  038 
167 
55,  747 
21,522 
C,  506 
28,  087 
7,  227 
5,458 
18,477 
8,237 
815 
22,593 
12,  270 
114,270 
16,  388 
1,110 
218 
43,  192 
107,  554 
58,  772 
99  357 

43,  573 
1,959 
4,053 
26,  130 
105,  431 
•-  •:: 
533 
73,  957 
67,  453 
9d« 
134,  892 
104,  520 
7,841 
84,033 
140,  973 
127,013 
59,  420 
82,  442 
1,197 
109,  722 
863 
102,  955 
49,  307 
10,617 
00,517 
20,  800 
12,  961 
39,  312 
2J,  334 
2,409 
52,388 
41,837 
74,  187 
73,  278 
2,676 
2,  137 
98,  380 
177,  476 
103,  698 
109,  083 
76,  764 
131,105 
162,  475 
6,870 
95,717 
130,  451 
53,  971 
51,720 
120,  770 
97,  019 

409,  875 
24,  9CO 
28,  250 
324,  324 
3,091,875 
176,  286 
2,  950 
502,  C85 
911,039 
C,  000 
3,  147,  582 
3,  300,  005 
57,  430 
1,225,211 
2,  494,  091 
1,  556,  970 
1,217,201 
4,  186,  902 
!),  700 
3,  G38,  878 
S,  550 
1,  153,  102 
773,012 
200,  298 
1,175,083 
168,057 
200,  720 
510,  130 
312,375 
38,  100 
737,  827 
29,  010 
4,106,510 
615,519 
18,  730 
12,  060 
1,464,530 
3,219,489 
2,  046,  716 
3,  6C1,  566 
2,430,810 
2,  552,  933 
3,  204,  065 
38,  010 
5,115,505 
3,  815,  262 
2,  538,  052 
739,  539 
617,460 
2,  476,  356 

27,  632 
715 
1,  517 
15,  527 
158,  681 
10,  990 
250 
31,  738 
43,  327 
400 
161,180 
175,4111 
3,  188 
44,867 
119,021 
70,  310 
80,  903 
138,  682 
1,  020 
171,  982 
490 
87,571 
14,843 
10,178 
40,  543 
9,  900 
10,  935 
27,  202 
14,  800 
2,  305 
30,721 
25,  590 
156,  579 
27,  402 
755 
717 
CO,  033 
162,213 
85,  12!) 
146,  004 
92,617 
114,  570 
119,101 
1,  825 
199,  189 
151,  222 
112,789 
42,  212 
77,  212 
106,  951 
'  No 

903 
47 
03 
550 
5,  192 
£48 
7 
955 
1,011 
17 
3,898 
4,  055 
102 
2,  031 
4,  673 
2,779 
3,471 
5,  271 
7 
5,615 
5 
2,394 
944 
273 
1,  532 
359 
.  260 
928 
386 
40 
1,123 
052 
3,042 
700 
39 
13 
1,905 
5,  509 
3,170 
5,  908 
3,  997 
4,119 
4,451 
79 
0,  1-17 
5,  433 
2,  700 
1,735 
2,400 
3,744 
return. 

14. 

1,062 
63 
70 
594 
5,390 
296 
14 
1,  600 
1,  350 

4,  771 
6,276 
163 
1,  956 
4,  306 
2,691 
4,013 
5,  395 
27 
6,  459 
21 
3,154 
1,  054 
307 
1,  802 
406 
322 
742 
459 
39 
1,070 
B30 
4,  5S2 
1,256 
72 
22 
2,023 
0,538 

5,  708 
3,  809 
4,579 
4,212 
139 
0,  797 
5,  483 
3,270 
1,578 
2,308 
3,  323 

311 
14 

28 
22'J 
811 
751 
10 
874 
437 
10 
1,  913 
],300 
33 
543 
1,487 
1,342 
1,319 
978 
14 
1,831 
20 
1,  057 
449 
166 
724 
109 
97 
314 
102 
30 
333 
300 
1,263 
770 
21 
9 
985 
1,  711 
577 
1,512 
920 
1,  174 
1,554 
80 
1,  416 
917 
053 
014 
928 
705 

1,537 
02 
132 
1,  097 
7,707 
429 
28 
2,584 
2,  Or,9 
40 
6,673 
7,552 
233 
3,718 
7,  375 
3,  070 
6,  406 
8,  291 
26 
8,864 
42 
3,882 
1,902 
507 
3,785 
553 
419 
1,  329 
078 
68 
1,  734 
1,  305 
7,582 
1,840 
98 
30 
2,  998 
9,  532 
4,  934 
9,  247 
7,370 
0,  339 
5,528 
:.' 
9,  804 
0,123 
C,  373 
2,  203 
4,654 
7,808 

537 
17 
35 
427 
2,261 
145 

Carroll 

o 
3 
108 

o 

C 

30 

891 
3,  5C8 

Clay 

59 
108 
1 
70 
2,V7 
73 
56 
341 

3,025 
1,481 
51 
4,020 
14,019 
6,  442 
2,085 
5,475 

Cliuton 

Dallas  

92 

2,  022 

Fayette 

27 
7 
1 
86 
5 
11 
7 

4,  000 
953 
88 
2,870 
805 
176 
1,  219 
228 
33 
1,  900 
650 
7,312 
473 
28 

Floyd 

Gntbrie  

Hamilton  

o 
33 
14 
231 
5 

Humboldt  

Ida  

36 
115 
90 
3!H 
105 
49 
207 

2,238 
4,  722 
3,  543 
9,902 
5,733 
3,  903 
8,870 

Jefferson  

77,012 
96,  977 
91,  303 
1,  798 
131,  200 
115,  807 
75,  201 
33,  703 
44,  172 
73,  8DO 

Keokuk 

Kossuth  

Lee  

282 
162 
160 
86 
88 
100 

8,  324 
7,  648 
3,778 
3,838 
4,757 
13,  726 

Linn  

STATE   OF  IOWA. 


47 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  .STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 

23 
23 
24 

26. 
27 
- 
29 
• 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
- 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 

57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

\Vhcat,  bushels  of. 

o 
S 

CJ 

ja 
a 

£1 

C 

« 

•i 

1 

S 

o 
a 

rt 

'•3 
a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Kice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

Irish  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1,753 

3,  01)3 
12,  t"34 

24,  ::32 
518 
13,  629 
C,  695 
8,  449 
5,  485 
<i,413 
7 

f  37,  C90 
C2,  247 
291,  4(8 
504,890 
20,  181 
326,  732 
220,  167 
149,  720 
170,  371 
241,924 
5,600 

5,  991 
8,719 
257,  003 
38,350 
9,850 
108,  105 
103,  297 
27,  562 
73,256 
117,  719 
42 

22 
199 
1,484 
2,053 

78,  460 
129,  715 
273,  178 
1,131,280 
23,  195 
526,506 
340,  355 
304,  375 
184,  527 
265,  384 
700 

4,280 
4,772 
167,  136 
53,074 
2,726 
135,  617 
121,870 
23,950 
75,649 
114,445 

1,380 
1,  529 
3,  770 
25,  083 
508 
5,  «33 
3,  Xii 
7,  UM 
4,881 
5,339 

201 
363 
1,007 
1,512 
38 
560 
481 
1,189 
356 
448 
3 

4,475 
5,  598 
73,006 
£4,810 
2,  712 
43,915 
47,384 
If,  229 
39,  978 

11 

15 
555 
14,  507 

855 
1,721 
11 
60 
3 
204 

177 
65 
3,242 
374 
445 

9,  602 
1,857 
12,  790 
1  506 

2  720 

42,  198 
130 

60 

3,285 

178 
314 
1,684 
19,  502 
673 
!) 
::," 
12,  124 
50 
16,  3% 
14,  500 
C54 
8,  4UO 
29,  14B 
25,  540 
11,174 
31,  879 
40 
18,  200 
27 
6,  592 
4,435 
910 
10,  790 
2,  405 
1,041 
5,  859 
901 
70 
5,  01  1 
6,  153 
20,  492 
2,  271 
107 
53 
17,  759 
18,  572 
20,084 
31,085 
81.  H!8 
16,935 
30,  783 
820 
27,  G72 
E8,  324 
15,  103 
13,119 
18,251 
27,  201 

101,497 
4,  844 
7,842 
70,  030 
685,074 
39,  875 
1,450 
125,  421 
194,  829 
2,075 
475,  930 
i 
13,  450 
232,  034 
578,  7U5 
334,901 
412,085 
667,  006 
2,060 
559,  182 
1,700 
345,  411 
120,  045 
4.'!,  916 
211,050 
43,  877 
36,955 
133,  525 
53,  115 
6,  290 
131,366 
115,837 
589,  201 
108,694 
5,020 
2,  667 
301,455 
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402,  130 
581,  292 
451,741 
481,  057 
609,  124 
12,  025 
830,  251 
607,  095 
479,  450 
229,  786 
310,  132 
511,361 

59,  807 
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24,  651 
472,  968 
13,058 
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50,  577 
28,  078 
232 
448,  803 
592,117 
4  298 

143,  590 
5,980 
16,805 
116,204 
1,227,783 
35,  995 
195 
111,043 
516,  490 
385 
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23,  955 
470,  023 
1,203,794 
630,  339 
437,  078 
1,  851,  700 
1,230 
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1,055 
300,  844 
119,350 
52,  707 
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89,  560 
50,  435 
278,  840 
45,  505 
4,  380 
250,  345 
220,  035 
1,319,803 
76,  037 
4,190 
1,580 
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20,  364 
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STATE    OF    IOWA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 

4 
5 
0 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
U 
15 
16 
17 
18 
IS) 
20 

22 
23 
24 
25 
.20 
27 
28 
29 
::  ' 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
4U 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
50 
57 
58 
59 
60 
Cl 
62 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED, 

"8" 

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3,  740 

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17 
20 

50 
1,000 

314 
357 

6 

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82 

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88,  550 
5,185 
3,578 
31,958 
380,  877 
19,  835 
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113,825 
107,970 
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341,714 
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235,  849 
132,  367 
240,810 
275,  547 
1,800 
390,  280 
1,  380 
287,  500 
72,  903 
24,281 
110,586 
17,818 
32,385 
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40,810 
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12,  281 
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25,  887 
28,  488 
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22,  035 
15,034 
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33,  082 
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20,  323 
8,  442 
2,891 
1,402 
2,220 
2,481 
5,  249 
3,  74  i 
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0,972 
6,010 
10,  122 
8,588 
590 
210 
12,458 
22,687 
13,  141 
13,  218 
20,  516 
24,415 
8,114 
1,203 
19,  759 
26,502 

5,680 
10,  958 
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2,  203 
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10,  540 

18 

212 
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14,  570 
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4 
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5,  421 

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14,220 
28,  004 
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6,  120 
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230 

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37,  152 
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33 
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21,934 

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28,  707 

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900 

21 
93 
224 

Guthrie  

40 

97 
45 

Hamilton  

6 

25 

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70 
325 
3,018 
3,  028 

251 
190 
10,  924 
141 
50 

182 
23 

10 

UarrUon  

1,111 
22,  113 

75,381 
296,  974 
85,  171 
5,050 
1,250 
1C8,  429 
374,  644 
172,  420 
257,044 
212,  792 
261,694 
221,  603 
12,  134 
362,  363 
229,  760 
252,  602 
149,  535 
145,  435 
189.115 

Henry  

9,290 

197 

170 

2,399 
41 

224 

Howard  

Humboldt  

Ida... 

25 

1   

Iowa  

1,112 
5,  198 
1,257 
1,013 
4,  5SO 
5,930 
2,059 

902 
4,  003 
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12,  045 
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5,  980 

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12,  396 
25,  704 
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6,823 
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13.247 

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1.071 
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100 
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303 
13 
25 
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11,102 
3,023 
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2,191 
9,  122 

20,  239 

1,  510 
8,  129 

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38 

10,504  l 
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28,061 
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Muha«ka  .  .  , 

STATE    OF    IOWA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

•s 

13 

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3 
4 
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Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  tmpmr,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sufrar,  hhds.  cf 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorglr.im  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

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153,605 
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6,295 

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100 
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2,  195 

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1,828 

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60,548 
28,303 
6,047 
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5.G01 
19,383 
10,981 
2,053 
3,390 

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10 

30 

1,715 
2  814 

235 
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2  040 

4 

200 

34 

9 

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2,  703 
205 
1,703 
1,132 
417 
7,008 
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1,219 
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1,009 

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8,074 

2,0i3 

41 
35 

3 

8 

10,  578 
11,434 
150 

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40 
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2,722 
4,041 
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20,119 
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100 
1,594 
300 

1,073 

1,071 
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5,210 
1,033 

191 
1,092 

430 

207 

5 

232 

35 

GO 

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241 
319 

3,170 

200 
100 
145 

4 
1 

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4,355 

290 

9,013 
9,  175 
52,234 

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7,315 

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13,  394 
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34,585 
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9,600 
18,  496 
18,  076 
33,613 

7,090 
6,960 

28,  102 

10,  190 
2,328 
5,  964 

14,301 
139 
2,083 
8,392 

10 

32,  782 

442 

75 
10 

405 

90 
798 
395 
120 

5 

296 

587 

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4 

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212 
300 
200 
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8,714 
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149 
11 

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1,150 

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8,522 
1,906 
6.344 
7,708 
10,088 

21 
126 
109 

20 

55 

10,  945 
70 

50 


STATE    OF    TOWA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


63 
C4 
05 
06 
07 
08 
09 
70 
71 
72 
73 
71 
75 
70 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 

63 
84 
85 
80 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
90 
97 
98 
99 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

I 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

jj 

o 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working.oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

d. 

o 

0 

03 

2,883 
78,  759 
34,  ISM 
29,531 
17,  549 
51,  120 
5,770 
112,  890 

14,915 
123,833 
79,585 
73,  700 
605,  015 
91,295 
18,414 
73,  006 

?92,  435 
2,  778,  900 
1,017,015 
1,330,710 
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1,  997,  048 
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122,  907 
57,022 
59,  919 
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73,  354 
8,858 
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4,  171 
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20 
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1,028 
1,571 
1,063 
2,307 
325 
5,389 

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1,241 
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534 
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143 
911 

320 
8,  020 
2,087 
2,710 
1,184 
3,  790 
4C5 
7,007 

188 
9,044 
3,440 
2,011 
358 
0,499 
517 
1,  733 

Marshall              

Mills 

Mitchell 

Musc-vline  ^ 

200 

25 
20,  425 
139 
345 
1,316 
45,  0-10 
17,006 
36,702 
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903 
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3,  910 

135 
05,  824 
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1,384 
4,280 
73,  473 
35,  240 
01,  253 
39,070 
2,083 
43,209 
14,558 

800 
1,  045,  890 
2,  700 
4,050 
32,810 
1,892,316 
424,211 
975,  925 
425,  098 
41,850 
4,  405,  186 
127,  010 

4 
1,445 
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2,  558 
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1,  520 
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75 
5,  C02 
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4 
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20 
31 
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584 
382 
403 
411 
34 
930 
141 

7 
2,040 
03 
100 
140 
3,  742 
2,  138 
2,20-1 
1,177 
109 
7,  338 
322 

43,  890 
170 
415 
1,805 
02,  274 
23,  565 
38,304 
18,  491 
1,700 
209,  274 
0,541 

1,508 
4 

29 
2,  559 
940 
1,  014 
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45 
5,  33  1 
259 

40 

4,012 

F'llo  Alto 

1 
42 
27 
40 
2G 

Pulk 

4,067 
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4,804 
757 
84 
1,  383 
228 

Scott 

181 
o 

Shelby 

24,711 
10,015 
18,  288 
12,450 
91,914 
Co,  477 
47,  906 
109,  803 
41,015 
10,101 
304 
00,211 
2,  090 
2,  325 
1,085 

48,  074 
5,  950 
62,556 
30,  131 
121,304 
82,831 
96,  930 
113,043 
97.  071 
20,  754 
3,  57!) 
158,557 
13,  194 
18,  405 
4,  934 

026,  574 
313,  943 

577,017 
377,  4  17 
2,  800,  204 
2,  004,  023 
1,843,000 
3,  304,  843 
1,  185,  586 
257,  4C5 
11,900 
2,  22  1,  097 
127,  098 
120,800 
49,  095 

30,  001 
18,  000 
23,  007 
19,  295 
123,  870 
01,303 
72,  094 
143,116 
46,  300 
13,  122 
1,298 
J  52,  387 
7,  199 
8,  232 
3,815 

1,107 
515 
1,  097 
509 
4,  CSS 
2,  909 
2,089 
4,380 
1,800 
.489 
7 
2,804 
190 
82 
09 

9 
24 
28 
230 
283 
42 
179 
50 

],211 
029 
991 
689 
4,809 
3,  013 
2,  530 
4,847 
1,877 
010 
42 
4,  195 
229 
327 
128 

297 
148 
524 
315 
8GO 
735 
510 
1,  139 
829 
302 
30 
2,107 
102 
214 
38 

1,  400 
918 
1,  292 
703 
9,812 
5,805 
4,  199 
7,103 
2,  COS 
885 
58 
5,  922 
413 
350 
213 

1,205 
428 
2,  05« 
804 
11,  359 
9,480 
4,  890 
0,  797 
5,  3:10 
051 
11 
3,958 
130 
153 
41 

Webster 

22 
4 
2 

1 

Worth 

Wrl"ht                   

Total 

3,  792,  792 

0,277,115 

119,899,517 

5,  327,  033 

175,  088 

5,734 

189,  802 

50,904 

293,322 

259,  041 

*  No  rt'umi. 

STATE    OF    IOWA. 


M 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE 

STOCK. 

PRODUCE 

D. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

00 

*3 

f 

,0 

sh 

o 

1 
1 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

g 

;i 

i  I 
i  £ 

Is 

p  >~ 
.5  ° 
O 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  biuh- 

els  of. 

t' 

Jt 

on 

i-o 

lf 
I 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

950 

$27  1C7 

4,326 

78 

23  745 

4,020 

1  890 

221 

4  871 

, 

8  293 

5Gfi  436 

110  836 

7  811 

1  571  06G 

84  031 

5  OC7 

23  2°1 

601 

5,908 

216,  70G 

81,801 

1,736 

477  775 

83,285 

8,959 

354 

25  885 

70 

6* 

9  178 

202  124 

77  053 

1  957 

393  880 

38,103 

200 

4  829 

1  017 

00  30') 

1 

1,877 

110  070 

63  9G1 

1,249 

101  489 

51,833 

2  595 

G25 

243 

39  4'(5 

AT 

16,  163 

324  708 

38,538 

4,179 

730  856 

29,  699 

14  208 

19  548 

914 

°1  455 

989 

3.260 

SO  6C7 

10,  605 

353 

103  700 

4,514 

1  731 

214 

4  434 

69 

23,  525 

C57,  603 

346,  481 

15,  590 

1,144,585 

111,  142 

1,880 

4,795 

1  105 

117  138 

3  986 

70 

71 

8 

330 

30 

100 

5 

30 

77 

9,193 

207  543 

47,  444 

124 

308  380 

16,525 

5  398 

10  182 

635 

15  140 

169 

71 

27 

2,000 

50 

1,280 

650 

74 

38 

3,125 

10 

1,705 

110 

10 

2  550 

227 

8  C83 

2  121 

9  040 

50 

2  970 

7ft 

11,086 

£8.'I,  736 

73,  210 

343 

1  553  000 

47  772 

20 

10  082 

76 

°9  218 

75° 

77 

3  399 

114  ;iG2 

52  817 

G91 

234  530 

22  124 

50 

1  487 

79 

8,914 

215,  044 

71,  6J2 

110 

542,  015 

49,  639 

8,  «J8 

24  911 

61 

79 

0,  161 

99,  289 

10,  640 

891 

204,319 

10,  157 

3,023 

2,  429 

44!) 

10,  318 

80 

183 

7,  873 

709 

G  670 

1,502 

140 

46 

1  305 

18,  K8 

GIG,  530 

746,  634 

2,225 

1  015  7C6 

207,  970 

025 

5  121 

3  199 

164  484 

925 

82 

2,322 

37  516 

9,300 

45,  E75 

3,502 

750 

1°1 

4  160 

M 

3,392 

111!  260 

33  •!!! 

137 

194  127 

17  744 

5  630 

3  116 

°66 

18  164 

85 

2,038 

77  064 

29,  364 

5  462 

127  205 

23,  995 

1  177 

1  380 

206 

10  575 

40 

86 

10,  899 

122  051 

19,  489 

533 

202  200 

7,009 

2  590 

5  144 

4°7 

14  152 

231 

87 

4,330 

83  C59 

10  725 

832 

160  633 

7  581 

641 

1  ]74 

°10 

9  887 

25,  180 

550  183 

63  480 

9  389 

1  155  573 

27  384 

5  807 

27  777 

975 

3°  713 

-  . 

17,  723 

336  279 

44  490 

5  533 

992  060 

28,  955 

1  910 

25  200 

325 

25  900 

°09 

00 

19,  990 

331  638 

72  736 

430 

872  949 

50,882 

5  G20 

13  757 

485 

29  938 

o  156 

••• 

29,  803 

C38  476 

164,  442 

6  242 

1,  410,  420 

76,625 

2  680 

18  953 

739 

55  9C6 

1  968 

14,239 

247  615 

15  518 

2  409 

572  164 

25  471 

9  916 

13  208 

G°l 

15  255 

1,932 

GO  4C8 

7,186 

438 

G3  466 

1  916 

813 

165 

16  649 

00 

94 

43 

3,053 

632 

3,  120 

330 

27 

17 

2  225 

95 

10,912 

439,  080 

341,  973 

1,203 

33!  076 

321  203 

10  286 

570 

,  •  •  ;  - 

10 

1,077 

34,077 

3,539 

170 

24,  454 

2  787 

350 

936 

6  510 

97 

374 

26,  970 

6,492 

825 

18,  607 

2,703 

380 

29 

8  641 

98 

107 

13  14G 

4  520 

7  660 

2  907 

93 

55 

3  090 

•  . 

934,  820 

22,  470,  293 

8,  449,  403 

183,  022 

42,410,680 

5,  887,  045 

303  1G8 

660  838 

41  081 

2,  806  720 

51  362 

52 


STATE    OF    IOWA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


63 
64 
63 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
73 
73 
•;  i 
::, 
70 
77 
7ri 
79 
BO 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
93 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

6 

&<M- 

0 

11 

s  > 
v>2- 

S/  u 
2£  — 

s^ 
s 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

<<H 

O 

8 
o 

If 

Pi 

T, 

1 

Ja 

1° 

k 

o 
E 
_o 
O 

1 

3 
A 

aT-j 

t  ° 

i 
a 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

$30 
631 

12,  475 
228,532 
106,  838 
112,  271 
72,  795 
171,  243 
31,  393 

1,400 
23,302 
9,398 
7,739 
12,  125 
6,386 
2,300 
25,  540 

1,337 
9,474 
7,879 
7,  463 
9,  112 
8,625 
1,  547 
19,  572 

712 
573 
405 
4,509 

4,198 
109 
2,291 
363 
8.CCG 
1,059 
2,  199 

$831 
59 
130 

11 

680 
155 
2 
116 
3,492 
35 
4,  714 

Marshall 

Mills  

589 

143 

Mitchell 

4 

3 

153 

0 
o 

29,719 

5,198 

375 

7,231 

272,  595 

193 

O'Brien 

100 
95,  651 
1,350 
2,125 
3,195 
140,  907 
81,  970 
91,876 
53,  541 
5,200 
333,  337 
16,  740 

100 
3,  743 
1,000 

30 
1,932 

222 
430 
475 
10,  247 
5,  545 
4,158 
4,778 
503 
22,100 
1,859 

71 

2,264 

150 

6 

5,  722 

500 

123 

Palo  Alto 

1 

365 
155 
6,169 

10 

100 
6,077 
3,281 
4,  SCO 
2,716 
550 
32,  173 
405 

Polk  

1,985 
306 

197 

5B6 
532 
4,913 

81 

o 

277 

45 
70 
63 
209 

3 

27 

28 

Scott  

222,126 

1,122 
107 

8,576 

76 
o 

21,  038 
50 

293 

1,675 

122 

Shelby 

29 
200 
70 
88 
2,171 
G4 
3,089 
4,  819 
10 
110 
10 
20,413 
10 
319 

110 
153 
3,924 
2,  07S 
17,336 
7,  141 
3,288 
7,803 
9,  DIU 
CG9 
40 
192 
30 
157 
30 

20 

99,  757 
39,  009 
60,004 
40,  103 
299,  632 
155,900 
128,  900 
298,  188 
170,  887 
58,  023 
3,353 
320,988 
6,  883 
21,080 
7,690 

2,  335 
4,  389 
4,061 
0,  331 
18,  503 
4,501 
7,887 
23,  238 
5,820 
2,490 
200 
24,  843 
1,500 
2,300 
2,  515 

6,829 
S07 
4,549 
3,704 
13,  937 
10,  910 
9,955 
11,857 
9,601 
4,686 
4:13 
29,563 
1,057 
2,  3£> 
1,375 

46 
575 
133 
49 
3,931 
2  385 

14 

18 

10 
130 

5 

55 

9,039 
223 

280 

100 
300 
05 

174 

30 

•\Vapcllo 

11 
10 
10 

530 
816 
2,152 
5 

11 
23 
4 
15 

7,431 

131 

Webster 

65 

13 

593 

10 

66 

Worth  .  . 

Wright 

o 

Total    

467,  103 

215,  705 

118,377 

3,369 

109,870 

11,  953,  666 

918,633 

813,  173 

3,454 

69,366 

2,078 

STATE    OF   IOWA. 


AGEIOULTUBE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of.  ; 

64 

•  - 
66 
C7 
• 
69 
70 

, 

73 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
•  , 
81 
83 
83 

85 
86 

•- 
•  ' 
90 
91 
93 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 

99 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

"o 

"o 
JR 

£ 

•3- 

0 

I 

E 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  supnr,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  Fiijrar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  .gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounda  of. 

M;u'iif;tcturrs,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dt'Tr  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Watcrrotted.tons 
of. 

•c 
HI 
If 

0 

fc 

A 

6 

1,315 
C7,  G80 
14,  217 
8,302 
673 
•      •  •: 
1,  722 
18,100 

210 
1,009 
179 
773 

957 
84 
436 

2,720 
37,887 
C,fiC6 
10,  681 
9,'S 
23,  923 
4,685 
10,  C99 

$304 
15,383 
1,352 
7,808 
425 
14,  145 
1,010 
2,077 

$4,679 
126,  SCO 
32,  490 
61,866 
18,829 
73,  743 
10,  493 
108,295 

407 
1.C23 

...} 
97 

14 

130 
899 

&5 

28 

o 

£8 
1 
23 

5,830 
1 

1C8 

7 

30 

18 

50 
•            37,  797 
170 
315 
1,059 
47,393 
22,  075 
29,030 
81,753 
1,  075 
121,  307 
8,410 

122 

2,402 

20 

15,  243 

942 

18,  926 

7,188 

400 

2  808 

139 

24,018 
2,079 
10,709 
7,  704 
201 
0,321 
930 

649 

2C'J 
30 
2J7 

20,701 

4,028 

2,  «85 
8,170 

5,0-11 
090 
1,208 
1,  439 
130 
1,  470 
• 

147 

20 

25 
40 
100 

3 

50 

3 

209 
70 

4,991 
7,100 

281 

32 

3,499 

132 

10,  404 
0,019 
10,410 
8,543 
41,457 
30,253 
51,  410 
4G,  6-« 
14,092 
983 

149 
53 
COO 
180 
1,338 
G3J 
1,  109 
47(i 
418 
113 

4,  515 
1,224 
10,  155 
5,  357 
36,  2M 
24,828 
30,847 
21,433 
12,535 
1,872 

2,  340 
1,425 
3,507 
831 
12,  454 
12,  018 
8,489 
7,688 
8,527 
150 

10,  one 

9,593 
20,875 
9,684 
156,  825 
64,310 
77.719 
121,  082 
37,550 
11,838 
6-15 
81,070 
4,265 
3,913 
1,414 

C 

50 
7,«5 

55 

108 

05 
5 

4 

515 

873 
101 
1,407 

1,377 
25 

104 

30 

8 

28 

5,032 

784 

ICO 

1 

9,  859 

411 

2,013 
560 
121 

200 

127 
15 

3,580 
520 

2,008 

9 

10 

40 

149 

20 

482 

30,226 

5,921 

124 

315,  43C 

11,405 

1,211,512 

34,226 

917,877 

317,  690 

4,  430,  030 

STATE   OF   KANSAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OP  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

S 

i 

•a 

a 
n                          a 

S                          S 

O                                       a, 

M                                                   *3 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Otlitr  cattle. 

(£. 

A 

W 

Allen 

13,  320 
9,  834 
27,  SCO 
£2,404 
21,5-11 
13,  C48 
1,031 
2,  851 
481 
12,  200 
2,  959 
423 
20,  071 
34 
3G,  905 
10,  995 

103,  C86 
30,  5-15 
53,383 
107,  483 
62,  051 
40,  069 
6,527 
12,  019 
2,413 
40,  5-11 
10,  C79 
2,185 
59,  870 
CCS 
104,  772 
40,  808 

$2GO,  719 
2C1,  2=5 
655,  103 
452,  123 
040,  355 
348,  GG5 
32,300 
91,  820 
0,  2SO 
344,  040 
95,  C50 

801,  878 
375 
1,  427,  7S5 
573,  848 

$28,  054 

11,  744 
43,  3S5 
54,  274 
31,  591 
25,  7CO 
3,033 
5,  COG 
975 
22,  675 
0,810 
1,580 
35,  123 
380 
08,351 
25,  778 

9G7                        53 
453                        22 
977  ;                    232 
1.7C8                         99 
720  :                    37 
713                       22 
51                         5 
89                        7 
18                         1 
590  I                      21 
130                        9 
23                          3 
1,  182                         73 
20                        2 
1,828  .                    12G 
810                       48 

1,  319 
704 
1,538 
2,203 
1,831 
8fl2 
207 
2C5 
44 
1,049 
290 
40 
1,480 
20 
2,  579 
1,  047 

1,364 
479 
1,380 
1,939 
1,039 
014 
145 
230 
20 
732 
227 
40 
900 
4 
1,  538 
707 

2,325 

C87 
3,034 
2,  338 
1,414 
1,131 
1C9 
310 
44 
1,220 
309 
72 
2,484 
10 
4,011 
2,207 

719 
875 
1,512 
2,045 

5S9 
748 
47 
81 

Cutler  

Clay  

Coffee 

203 
33 
7 
1,774 

Davis 

007 

794 

Godfrey*  

524 
5,294 
22,  910 
23,  502 
27,  330 
29,  889 
20,  C04 
3,075 
80 
2,332 
3,792 
3,  908 
8,978 
4,030 

6,866 
1,  C7G 
18,  796 
53,094 
38,425 
65,355 
80,  120 
6G,  478 
13,  851 
80 
8,039 
41,018 
15,  471 
44,  004 
19,  775 

08,200 
C,  700 
210,  000 
5BO,  705 
003,  305 
1,247"  410 
C73,  153 
CD-I,  035 
103,  800 
2,000 
52,  000 
03,305 
111,  310 
2-27,  055 
133,  130 

4,  745 
8CO 
12,  515 
2C,  15G 
28,415 
45,  182 
41,000 
37,  984 
0,808 
80 
2,  304 
14.088 
5,757 
10,  821 
12,  449 

135  I                      G 
18 

204 
41 
416 
1,288 
899 
1,599 
1,097 
1,  CG3 
215 
4 
193 
021 
302 
722 
41G 

136 
40 
110 
817 
655 
1,150 
1,415 
1,  423 
205 
G 
243 
572 
300 
405 
294 

483 
71 
1,293 
2  238 
1,  GOO 

2,320 

1,993 
281 
10 

880 
387 
905 
825 

liM 

110 
581 
780 
58 
1,072 
1,730 
012 
8 

3°7 

904                       34 
884                     117 
1,  355                     129 
1,  473                        80 
1,  108                       67 
115                          5 

152      '                   12 
510                       35 
178                       28 
404                       72 
215                       23 

157 
579 
109. 
135 
65 

JlcOhec 

Otoo*  

8,877 
3,832 
10,052 
6,829 

38,456 
11,523 
39,758 
35,989 

231,  475 
161,  300 
511,700 
234,250 

22,92» 
9,586 
37,  070 
10,400 

388                       13 
186                        4 
074  "•                    88 
311                        2 

831 
205 
997 
558 

5G2 

m 

590 

4fil 

1,392 
393 
1,037 

799 

210 
6 
94 
100 

Rilcy 

Wabauneee  

Washington*  

Wilson*  

i             

2,  917 
3,  301 

12,  169 

11,000 

115,  500 
199,  450 

8,005 
17,315 

165  i                      8 
365                     10 

343 
332 

278 
172 

558 

397 

144 

Tolal 

405,  468 

1,  372,  932 

12,  258,  239 

727,  094 

20,344  j                1,400 

28,550 

21,  551 

43,  354 

17,569 

*  No  return. 


STATE    OF   KANSAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

•ontiig 

Live  stock,  valce  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

,1 

a 
ft 

1   ° 

O 

§ 
^ 
a 

Oat?,  bushels  of. 

Ilice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  IDS.  each. 

•jo  spunod  '[Oo.\V 

Peas  ami  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

Irish  potatoes,  bush- 

•  . 

Sweet  potatoes,  buth- 
cls  of. 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
10 
17 
18 
19 
20 

23 

24 
:   25 
1   26 
27 
i   28 
'   29 
30 
31 
33 
33 
"1 
35 
li 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 

3J  COO 

2,809 
9,  505 
8,070 
4,  020 
4,110 
240 
872 
350 
3,059 
1,289 
284 
13,381 
18 
9,  COS 
5,898 

$140,  205 
73,  609 
157,  307 
250,  852 
147,205 
101,  807 
17,  174 
25,  144 
4,125 
94,  908 
10,  051 
5,300 
159,  395 
1,029 
2C3,  101 
152,  275 

1,883 
2  222 
8,402 
2,  430 
13,232 
12,002 
240 
1,835 
150 
5,771 
20,220 
90 
20,300 

112,  479 
102,  580 
531,000 
2-18  952 

00 
1,903 
7,  753 
2,838' 

800 
25 
3  13° 

29 

123 

2,891 
5,361 
24.  273 
0,319 
5,653 
11,  865 
375 
2,120 
602  ' 
7,277 
4,244 
370 
20,070 
5 
31,137 
9,487 

10 
69 
1,197 
261 
192 
15 

59 

20 
105 

402 
2  195 

3,058 
095 
1,470 

113 
495 
227 
23 
170 
• 
205 
170 
3 
188 

210  915 

2,058 

1,585 
1,975 

250 

211,  287 
13,  660 
41,  590 
8,550 
158,  350 
55,  975 
7,300 
457,  2C8 
2PO 
553,558 
275,  780 

5,343 

! 

250 
93 
805 
619 

31 

110 

14 

1,401 

2  125 

127 

481 

20 

1,120 

12,  909 



1,013 
50 
133 
1  055 

CO 

3,017 

800 

23,002 
5,438 

14,  185 
3,054 

1,500 
294 

1,679 
404 

1 

1,385 

C09 
55 
1,905 
10,  430 
4,  C62 
10,  101 
7,083 
7  932 
95-1 
40 
8-14 
3,523 
1,104 
2,397 
1,808 

22,800 
5,505 
58,091 
108,  595 
125,  929 
108,  735 
220,  3C5 
204,900 
20,500 
200 
19,  925 
75,  003 
38,450 
73,880 
47,  127 

159 
600 
3,559 
4,057 
7,911 
1.002 
7,083 
7,  072 
1,538 
50 
573 
1,447 
1,481 
4,554 
1,190 

20  650 

525 

151 

99 
11 
71 
406 
673 
1,090 
814 
353 
83 

1,500 
143 
4,  578 
12,  489 
10,  052 
29,090 
10,872 
8,589 
1,334 

63 

4,437 
191,  500 
344,  100 
208,  010 
517,  600 
389,  971 
309,030 
40,000 
300 
36,  250 
31,450 
48,  575 
115,  700 
75,  470 

410 
2,058 
4,015 
4,338 
6,705 
3,1   •: 
30 

595 
20 

2,381 

290 
149 
1,842 
405 
401 
47 

2.0C8 
3,013 
00 

9 

1,813 

1 

540 

50 
50 
20 
59 

100 
005 
359 
1,075 
403 

95 
1,940 

O*>O 

050 
30 

206 

0 

101 
15 
2SO 

4,915 
1,020 
2,  344 
7,381 
4,897 

25 
250 
7d 

250 

730 

4,407 
2,398 
4,420 

**     5'M) 

109,  390 
37,  445 
124,  955 

70,  008 

:;  tea 
1,294 
14,483 
5,  624 

59 
25 
120 
371 

152,  190 
85,  310 
304,  195 
80,  590 

805 
3,273 
4,430 
1,151 

323 

73 

435 
169 
763 
245 

9,821 
4,753 
20,375 
10,380 

221 
42 

' 
189 

100 
2  230 

500 

1,455 
1,454 

39,535 

42,  015 

1,464 
25 

40,  315 
83,  380 

200 
2  143 

520 

234 

170 
80 

2,334 
9,283 

01 
10 

138,224 

3,  332,  450 

194,  173 

3,833 

6,  150,  727 

88,325 

20,  349 

01 

24,  740 

9,  827 

296,335 

9,965 

5G 


STATE   OF   KANSAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

COUNTIES. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounda  of 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 
a 

O 

| 

a 

2 

i* 

h 

o 

o 
O 

« 
a 

rS 

|    o' 

B 
• 

5 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

1 

Allen  

15 

95 

$3 

$99 

178 

521 

92 

40 

' 

65 

1  174 

5  085 

m 

100 

3 

Atchison  

715 

1  G35 

100 

2,690 

147,  992 

580 

6  084 

4~jQ 

$ 

4 

60 

75C 

100 

100 

11  805 

150 

99 

5 

1  305 

1 

1  450 

35  650 

o  85o 

o  475 

6 

Brown  

120 

r>  Q-J3 

50 

56,  238 

1  880 

3  159 

7 

Butler  

178 

4  525 

230 

3 

8 

Chase  

o 

4°4 

9,095 

900 

1  005 

c 

9 

Clay  

4 

1,190 

110 

10 

Coffee  

3  050 

o 

32,  944 

785 

205 

113 

11 

Davis  

51 

2°8 

4°7 

12  095 

1  265 

900 

19 

2  150 

1G5 

13 

Doniphan  

1  220 

1  777 

6 

35 

2  674 

83,  986 

986 

2  833 

104 

10 

14 

Dorn  

15 

Douglas  

297 

3  45° 

80 

70 

700 

D7  495 

1  605 

3  (185 

Ifi 

Franklin  

170 

1  58° 

50 

24° 

2  097 

70  851 

3  132 

2  278 

368 

17 

Godfrey  

1R 

60 

384 

1  248 

10  250 

150 

655 

16 

19 

1  300 

71 

°5 

W) 

894 

23  830 

519 

•>• 

170 

o  398 

0 

O 

C26 

51  131 

1  211 

3  947 

231 

g 

gg 

350 

1  588 

150 

48  860 

370 

3  041 

go 

470 

,)•; 

900 

44° 

11  °95 

46  437 

10 

1  878 

"1 

2°6 

2  765 

08  597 

1  715 

4  095 

3 

287 

il", 

g 

35 

53  100 

G  000 

3  G3° 

313 

9fi 

35 

G  930 

431 

4 

97 

gg 

58 

00 

2  156 

5  P51 

3°0 

737 

14 

L.,, 

McGheo  

360 

6 

30 

340 

9  895 

100 

939 

7 

1GO 

31 

30 

2!   100 

280 

1  834 

3? 

3 

g 

1  510 

14  555 

310 

90° 

33 

Otoe  

S4 

45 

38  960 

400 

2  364 

3,5 

Uiley  

°7 

845 

11  135 

810 

1  057 

18 

1 

36 

°25 

59  511 

]  300 

3  217 

r, 

151 

28  500 

1  840 

1  940 

-;- 

;.;;, 

Wilson  

•1  l 

Woodson  

13  °9° 

160 

1  182 

60 

15 

•r 

Wyandott 

Total  

4  716 

31  641 

1  093  497 

56  232 

103 

3,  043 

197 

STATE   OF   KANSAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


PROD 

8 

"<B 

HEMP. 

o 

"O 

• 
•o 

"o 

IL 

£ 

"3 

L 

p 

1= 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tool 

of. 

a 

6 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

1 

I 
•o" 

I 

X 
rt 

1 

1° 

.^ 
'£ 

Maple  sugar,  pou 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasees,  ( 
Ions  of. 

Sorglmm  molasn 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds 

Honey,  pounds  ol 

Manufactures,  hoi 
made,  value  of 

Animals  slaughter 

142 

1 

f  17  128 

i 

1,836 

17 

280 

$146 

19  22D 

9 

3 

5,365 

74 

277 

604 

46  COO 

3 

40 

8  521 

55 

1  480 

1  540 

33  °97 

4 

g 

3  CIS 

725 

17  361 

^ 

1.71J 

55 

!)75 

300 

19  057 

6 

GO 

160 

1  610 

7 

405 

40 

500 

3  830 

- 

520 

459 

9 

2,728 

17 

275 

14  8°5 

Lfl 

10 

812 

4  788 

' 

680 

• 

40 

2,  679 

113 

5,874 

2  136 

46  301 

; 

• 

45 

14 

1  774 

5  687 

155 

125 

41  00° 

, 

4,271 

40 

772 

30  827 

10 

- 

200 

5 

474 

3  030 

'I 

4 

345 

• 

492 

590 

5  442 

9n 

0 

4,373 

58 

2,  107 

2,300 

43  554 

91 

800 

.- 

2,  4  12 

7 

55 

130 

18  732 

290 

50 

890 

1,839 

36,435 

93 

40 

1  036 

9,643 

519 

o  noj 

6  145 

44  432 

i 

1 

8  127 

180 

1  730 

og  Q48 

515 

3  505 

96 

97 

OD1 

4,443 

1  605 

98 

1  318 

575 

403 

9  568 

W 

337 

CO 

3  088 

TO 

1  54° 

10 

300 

1  335 

7  427 

1  Oil 

10 

4  152 

ft 

Tl 

3 

3  51° 

11  115 

34 

1 

340 

1  040 

7  053 

i 

6  7S8 

18,  740 

36 

5  083 

100 

8  762 

Tt7 

- 

19 

1  373 

10 

540 

70 

5  070 

40 

2  077 

• 

44 

1,135 

11 

40 

3  749 

87  656 

1  181 

10  944 

24  748 

558  174 

'          1 

STATE    OF    KENTUCKY. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

* 

Casll  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

1 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

g. 
o 

S3 

58,130 
58,  (KG 
63,  842 
44,  022 
114,150 
155,  EM 
04,  210 

17G,  '.no 

10,  290 

78,  74  (i 
70,  SCO 
18,  1  'S3 
7o,  CUG 
54,  CG5 
4-',  210 
CO,  7i7 
52,112 
42,  203 
44,  c;-2 
43,  ::.•)! 
50,  rijj 

158,  «02 
147,  £80 

£7,  5:;o 
41,558 
51,  «U5 
45,  050 
S'.i,  322 
25,  31(i 
40,  828 
17-1,  860 
1C7,  841 
27,  %3 
82,  402 
86,418 
38,  181 
112,812 
CC,  401) 
80,  077 
50,  001 
C5.0C9 
33,  12!) 

30,  ax 

131,514 

£7,  120 
1,7J,  402 
50,  4C8 
E2,8:4 

115,10:) 

30,  583 
7;),  736 
1"^  022 
114,  857 
70,313 
21,503 
51,451 
48,  010 
53,  203 
34,  720 
38,230 
10,291 
40.837 

10S,  239 
100,  013 
41,  328 
117,550 
172,  441 
84,  3:;7 
5-1,  084 

91,014 

32,  CCS 
57,  770 
226,  518 
134,  <53 
74,  378 
142.203 
107,731 
133,  320 
25,  285 
33,  252 
241,674 
120,  820 
215,  070 

$1,  C02,  283 
1,41-1,413 

l,  7;:o,  182 

2,  L-Jfi,  281 
2,  503,  583 
3,  «M,  7  13 

6,  380,  105 
r  13,  oco,  .-so 

CIO,  225 
3,  424,  814 
2,  403,  125 
452,  020 
1,077,235 
1,  773,  7-14 
1,073,  144 
1,  f,72,  C31 
1,0:8,046 
2,  707,  505 
2,  OC8,  t'33 
1,  122,001 
1,  020,  700 
8,  914,  4C5 
0,  5S9,  0:  8 

$40,  OC8 
57,301 

5L-,  110 

05,  4::8 

120,  031 
75,  154 
114,808 

14  •:,  240 

8,558 

77,  529 
87,  1U7 
6,  OJ7 
8.3,631 
50,  843 
4-1,  143 
70,  114 
65,  812 
01,000 
48,  534 
37,  808 
41,350 
2-10,7:0 
03,217 
17,  137 
31,512 
02,  205 
38,517 
122,  COO 
27,  400 
25,412 
138,  670 
100,  (137 
0,  474 
03,  550 
33,  125 
43,  36.' 
01,015 
5),  024 
141,834 
57,051 
44,  307 
34,517 
44,  552 
130,  354 
12.  028 
106.301 
5-',  552 
153,  ICO 
120,  5.:7 
43,  580 
80,  752 
3,001 
102,  773 
94,  C8G 
8,  403 
78,  315 
22,100 
50,587 
22,  004 
18,041 
1  1,  411 
48,  031 

2,  743 
3,380 
3,210 
1,  857 
0,521 
5,  540 
4,  388 
7,  307 
550 
3,  775 
3,880 
8JG 
3,  103 
2,  442 
2,401 
2,  083 

2,  305 
2,  335 
1,783 
2,  523 
4,  052 
0,010 
ES2 
1,  300 
2,  017 
2,  030 
4.  405 
1,308 
1,911 
8,155 
5,200 
1,310 
3,  730 
1,160 
1,020 
4,  520 
3,308 
5,  4-10 
2,002 
2,  743 
1,  221 
1.427 
0,228 
1,  109 
7,025 
2,  783 
3,  562 
5,  430 
1,463 
3,  013 
483 
5,  015 
4,805 
1,018 
2,513 
1,737 
2,728 
1,105 
1,484 
710 
2,547 

Oil 
1,323 
SGI 
733 
1.504 
2,758 
0:0 
8.C84 
84 
3,  482 
150 
33 
530 
313 
327 
1,  220 
1,  022 
117 
305 
1C8 
532 
3,  505 
4,  333 
217 
308 
G37 
383 
1,  033 
05 
310 
4,  280 
008 
52 
1,  574 
689 
13-1 
2,875 
417 
2,200 
204 

7;;8 

145 
140 
652 
86 
2,  G27 
404 
1,  753 
1,374 
6-11 
087 
30 
1,012 
1,434 
59 
238 
240 
240 
88 
41 
34 
170 

2,214 
2,171 
1,835 
2,  158 
4,170 
3,400 
3,  031 
4,510 
563 
2,  303 
2,  300 
1,465 
2,  -100 
2,  103 
1,  005 
2,  302 
2,  307 
2,  108 
1,451 
2,  052 
1,  708 
4,430 
3,500 
1,076 
1,440 
2,  215 
1,800 
3,810 
1,210 
1,461 
4,  449 
2.E82 
1,8.0 
2,252 
1,257 
1,258 
2,  400 
2,  Oii2 
4,710 
2,410 
2,  136 
1,220 
1.4J4 
4,  7J1 
2,  143 
4,003 
2,  350 
3,  302 
3,  377 
1,513 
3,  22G 
615 
5,  402 
2,630 
1,280 
2,208 
2,207 
S,  1G2 
1,  334 
1,900 
1,285 
1,017 

E83 
1,320 

564 
1,300 
2,  181 
1,904 
584 
951 
602 
60-1 
485 
827 
1,310 
500 
1,253 
1,  024 
1,  337 
201 
01-1 
1,  355 
1,  022 
1,487 
1,605 
919 
910 
1,582 
1,120 
1,  870 
70G 
022 
1,063 
005 
1,070 
040 
400 
475 
005 
825 
2,015 
1,  380 
1,  163 
1,  030 
7£8 
1.  5C8 
1,  034 
013 
1,  104 
1,535 
05  J 
708 
1,  504 
337 
305 
480 
163 
265 
527 
580 
811 
1,517 
330 
713 

2,006 
2,  503 
2,225 
3,  (,02 
0,  224 
G,  010 
5,897 
12,411 
1,005 
4,754 
3,  015 
2,  125 
3,441 
3,319 
3,275 
4,  030 
3,  388 
1,031 
2,310 
3,  407 
3,  336 
6,  022 
10,801 
3,  038 
2,  130 
3,030 
3,030 
0,570 
1,870 
2,  004 
11,251 
4,716 
3,  09  J 
3,341 
2,115 
1,  055 
4,512 
4,  130 
7,  008 
5,  100 
3,  4:)0 
2,570 
2,  027 
6,  275 
3,  007 
C,  486 
2,  345 
0,  150 
5,  223 
2,127 
6,  1  15 
1,  COO 
4,230 
4,771 
2,307 
1,731 
4,239 
2,993 
2,212 
3,203 
2,  617 
2,528  ! 

0,406 
0,  300 
5,064 
3,300 
18,  507 
12,  130 
14,817 
1C,  630 
2,  632 
8,  572 
0,550 
4,070 
10,  510 
7,621 
7,  212 
7,  257 
0,  367 
2,510 
4,  347 
8,  073 
10,81.1 
15,015  I 
14,  084 
G,  507 
5,  785 
8,  054 
7,  700 
11,604 
5,  307 
5,  870 
15,  180 
10.  960 
6,  047 
6,.  125 
3,  010 
3,  8-13 
7,  308 
0,  015 
15,  443 
12,418 
9,  502 
3,  463 
4,381 
17,  118 
6,031 
13,  500 
9,  408 
7,744 
12,  001 
3,  217 
10,045 
3,403 
7,911 
7,838 
5,411 
4,  520 
0,  571 
6,752 
7,135 
9,410 
4.770 
4,713 

Allen 

Mian!  .   .- 

IJntb  

r,-ivcl 

Bovle 

Bracken  

Breathitt  

Breckinridgo  

Bullitt 

Butler. 

Coldwcll 

Carroll  .  . 

Carter... 

C.LScy  

Christian  .  .  . 

Clark  .. 

Clay... 

227,  SCO 
GO,  !'7!) 
120,736 
C7,  844 
146,859 
77,  171 
100,  868 
1,003 
07,  000 
180,  520 
31,439 
32,  023 
2!!,  390 
21.E8-1 
52,  7C5 
230,  -1C8 
1S8.417 
83,  420 
(9.  240 
48,  500 
164,  407 
341,051 
30,  C81 
104,  183 
154,  «.;3G 
50,  270 
03,  353 
100,  018 
72,  723 
57,  175 
38,  490 
15rt,  287 
35,214 
10,  OG4 
87,  487 
110,011 
108,  S75 
150,012 
11(1,  585 

501,  280 
842,  000 

1,550,405 

1  ,  252,  502 
4,  5C8,  215 
505,  8G3 
SC7,  540 
-   13,431,717 
3,  127,  O;  8 
032,  430 
2,  574,  235 
1,  323,  214 
1,414,0-7 
3,571,180 
2,  121,  321 
3,  140,  200 
086,  207 
1,  154,  058 
1,100,610 
1,  002,  055 
3,  45S,  450 
543,  781 
5,  032,  040 
1,  372,  020 
5,  242,  055 
-1.5:.'(i,C80 
1,  1C8,  323 
2,  373,  005 
255,  520 
-*  11,140,050 
5,  207,  800 
482,  705 
•>,  013,  330 
681,141 
1,  407,  474 
472,  778 
837,  01S 
581,704 
1,428,407 

Clinton  

Davicss  

Esllll... 

Favrtte  

i'lcniing  
Floyd 

Fnmklln 

Ilurdki 

Ilarhm 

Hart 

Henry 

Illckman 

'    Lewi*    .  . 

STATK    OF    KENTUCKY. 


ft!  i 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVI:  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  Btocli,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

o 
"o 

I 

if, 

t: 

Indian  coru,  bushels 
cf. 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Illee,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  cf. 

o-l                  1 

O       .                          T3 
~    _?                           P 
t   ~                        z 

a  -— 
a    o                   ,o 

5                        f 

Peas  nncl  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

•?, 
P 

to' 

C5      ° 

a 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush- 
da  of. 

17,574 

IP,  4!  9 
22,  553 
22,100 
32,418 
36,  680 

::«,  130 

£5,  58  1 
4,  1.-.8 
£1,  308 
19.355 
11,  803 
£8,541 
19,  083 
13,000 
25,  157 
17,512 
11,810 
10,  CC9 
13,797 
21,  059 
47,  202 
29,  400 
11,777 
10,  708 
21,  121 
15,529 
33,  77  1 
9,  388 
11,717 
30,  257 
£5.  144 
14,  0-15 
19,201 
11,071 
11,604 
£!),  (.71 
£3,  11)3 
34,  040 
22,  778 
17  522 
8,946 
13,304 
51,110 
15,  520 
28,  058 
20,007 

si;,  142 

42,  100 
14,113 

SO,  140 
4,  803 
35.E21 
18,  II!) 
10,  586 
15,001 
15,  522 
20,  853 
9,  4-17 
17,  -181 
10,237 
12,  457 

$389,  052 
408,  434 
401,019 
4:8,742 
912.  KM 
1.C34.7-10 
758,  037 
2,  390,  873 
05,  08J 
024.  779 
542,27! 
153,  SCO 
530,  422 
317,  055 
320,  SCO 
502,  397 
40!).  831 
209,  07-1 
303,  400 
310,317 
4:.8,  691 
1,030,803 

211,380 
241,417 
408,  729 
206,  205 
777,  459 
212,  P80 
300,  721 
1,819,  237 
705,  207 
183.  52G 
699,  023 
£27,  137 
315,  611 
1,009,5-:!) 
5.!).  (S3 
814,  304 
411,  S81 
300,  029 
217,  274 
£58,824 
799,  C54 
184,  694 
1,207,032 
405.  CCS 
739,  044 
031,  14? 
279,  £73 
K'O,  180 
78.C83 
877,  C85 
C25,  CC5 
150,  519 
303,  304 
273,  G18 
391,  105 
1C5,  520 
350,  C59 
119,006 
320,517 

29,513 
£9,  048 
55,  047 
C3,  (MS 
71,012 
04,  703 
139,207 
293,  209 
19,  457 
90,  772 
CG.547 
7,  £59 
69,  212 
54,  105 
22,  900 
45,  003 
£7,  002 
57,  002 
55,  430 
23,  177 
22,  705 
205,  443 
03,  044 
13,701 
£4,  129 
38,  251 
18,  133 
74,011 
15,012 
17,  773 
221,028 
123,  030 
10,  329 
84,  121 
30,  033 

0:1,  ?:o 

77,  009 
67,  002 
89,  COO 
29,  C91 
31,101 
48,  637 
25,  049 
158,  289 
10,300 
192,  898 
45,331 
48,  391 
139,  802 
35,557 
31,215 
4,  432 
155,  785 
100,  C20 
11,082 
56,  !)43 
22,050 
62,  7C8 
17,  007 
22,  524 
8,383 
60,377 

1,301 
355 
£7,415 
714 
7,  074 
.    20,515 
41.010 
20,  234 
£59 
24,  894 
21.C70 
305 
5,  300 
5,  £03 
114 
2,331 
944 
5,  205 
0,  524 
2,  797 
14,  154 
13,324 
32,  548 
1,  003 
067 
754 
1,  137 
8,047 
583 
4,  285 
25,  125 
8,442 
377 
14,  104 
435 
5,  CIS 
23,  845 
£0,  401 
820 
2,776 
1,508 
021 
1,079 
17,224 
870 
13,  501 
5,  721 
4,200 
£5,  COG 
513 

4:3 

12,  352 
13,  Ou5 
1,  524 
£8,058 
3,  057 
7,178 
1,589 
2,  442 
720 
2,643 

24  105 

707  395  !   15,471 

I,  £91 

2,005 

3,  cc;i 
2,  CO:) 
3.221 
240 
1,509 
400 
2,  003 
51,7 
3,284 
311 
517 
200 
731 
870 
010 
1,107 
5,042 
C,  570 
4,315 
4,  111 
3,  033 

2,  138 
2,  394 
821 
1,375 
1,039 
4,  C55 
2  232 

9,  ,vi  <i 

9,  372 
10,030 
17,719 
£3,7*« 
34,  935 
22,  007 
5,891 
14,  fSl 
13,034 
8,488 
12,  002 
9,  101 
3,  463 
11,833 
8,478 
61,419 
2fi,  172 
1C.  059 
13,  072 
23,  34-1 
10,  413 
11,002 

11,270 
8.562 

18,  505 
6.293 
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47,  300 
14  907 
12^46 
£3.  537 
7,  8C'J 

12,  r.37 
11,803 

21,4:8 

13,  220 
9,  4:;; 
10,208 
9,  832 
27,  708 
12,  052 
12,  805 
10,  391 
2:,  412 
22,108 
6,  540 
10,  02-1 
5.  439 

'      15.  23$ 
0.451 
41,715 
13.  001 
9.  200 
0,545 
15,388 
7,781 
11.205 

1C,  341 
13,  G92 
2.T07 
13,721 
23,  40-1 
4,845 
7,56-' 
3.515 
1.SJ5 
6,840 
3,  404 
3,  100 
6,  390 
3,  57  1 
4,  783 
12,223 
£2.  114 
28.071 
2,  443 
4,  053 
12.011 
31.079 
6.  405 
3,  P30 
10,  CIS 
11,717 
12,632 
11,057 
3,  642 
4,408 
15,  C50 
5,780 
G,  533 
3.000 
10,  r.5G 
3.  752 
7,  324 
1,800 
50.  038 
0,  720 
14,  108 
2,411 
4,337 
14,646 
7,727 
2,584 
11,332 
11,011 
8,153 
11,453 
14.  O-'l 

31.854 
7,  400 
5,730 

11,355 
7.8C8 
5,485 
7,903 
3,355 
3,030 

450,  228 
510  505 

32,  109 
3G.  864 

977,  491    1C,  024 

30,  :;01    18.072 

525,  2GO 
703,  8CG 
1,140,696 
917,  750 
1,361.  £85 
131,750 
71  1  ,  474 
501,108 
224,  100 
G23,  073 
413,610 
310,  080 
0)1,525 
500,  008 
338,  825 
3E8,  400 
303,  COG 
521,  048 
1,  155,854 
1,  050,  206 

255,  an 

203,018 
528,  050 
318,751 
1,  083,  707 
201,500 
391,075 
1,514,020 
730,  073 
304,870 
57,1,  800 
322,  040 
305,  225 
741,375 
C38,  725 
1,  030,  331 
431,  025 
504,000 
331,702 
312,  450 
1^090,  591 
24-1,  010 
1,181,X8 
480,  214 
1,  132,  935 
880,  GOO 
SCO.  026 
608,  3J2 
1C3,  E55 
07-1,110 
700,  XO 
2£8.  714 
435,  823 
353,  554 
407,  400 
100,  155 
301,  082 
138,383 
405,  368 

3,  002 
60,  733 
12!),  504 
45  029 

1  817  792                                       7  40) 

2,230,002    55.330 
4,512    ..                               32,237 

50')  0:9 

183,  129 
11,183 
1S7.024 
23,  649 

GO,  707 
41,600 
0,  409 
10,  078 
800 
30,  804 
13  021 

800 
1  490 

78  080 

G  309 

8,278 
2  783,  4-14 

21  779 

14  230 

8,  008 
2,  COS,  523 
8,800 

9,  212 
23,157 
14,  PI!) 

984  257 

15  545 

3  407  87  1 

14  4G.'l 

2  370  055 

15  r.}\ 

43,  520 

4   ISO 

C:)3,  251 

13  031 

£7,  202 
I'l  599 

18  57° 

IT  7P.3 

79  014                                      18  G.".:) 

02,  24  1 
130,010 
5,372 
22,  947 
5,  09!) 
11,082 
37,  275 
7,  149 
16,003 
208,  000 
78,  060 
9,922 
70,  320 

11,400,010 
1R,  110 
0  201 

34  l':0 

53  246 

12  343 

18!),  704 
1,815,  700 
2,  070,  245 

:           13,492 

'           15,!  01 
11.601 

5  303  470 

22  731 

300,  055 
28,  779 

2,  s.:o 

°04  101 

9  583 

13  373 



!          75  551 

?G  .I!-' 

14,416    10,222 

2.  Oil 
3,  830 
1.204 
1,701 
5,  100 
846 
3,  000 
8,318 
1,283 
014 
1,  122 
],500 
3,800 
£8 
1,428 

3,120 
1,733 
1,310 
1,  17.; 
1,020 
943 
2,  309 
10 
6,125 
1,103 
2,  565 
1,  120 
1,250 
803 

GO0  7'M                                           7    i  ',  ' 

16,  703 
110,870 
21  279 

511,555 
44  7-') 

11   J28 

oi)2  204    23  711 

2,  1-10 
9  75!) 

4  383  215    24.  154 

712  166 

21,687 

£5,  498 
21,  3<iG 
13,  349 
45  905 

1,  558,  G97 
1,804 
1,  070,  008 
5°5  0°5 

»  10,092 
5  022 

[          10,293 
3n  437 

9,070 
137,  151 
15,  555 
£1,578 
84,  CG2 
1,404 
10,  783 
3,  103 
134,  029 
94,  494 
18,304 
24,035 
20,  239 
14.487 
21,084 
17,  507 
4,772 
28,087 

10,230 
191,340 
1,  053,  382 
7,  938,  830 
1,  550,  840 
9:"!,  307 
3  li'4  33J 

'          12,815 

!          50,228 
i          IS,  823 

..    .                           19,108 

4^  7"! 

G,  53-' 
1?  515 

G,  5S2 
13,  500 
47  500 

;            5,  IIS 

35  7;:8 

33.415 

11,03.3 
384,485 
1,430 
380,201 
20  885 

9  303 

10,245 
15  381 

14.084 
]  2,  2K> 

15,113 
6,213 
35,595 

14,18,1 
10  572 

12.22S 

3 
4 

I! 
7 
8 
9 
10 
II 
12 
13 
II 
15 
10 
17 

19 
i  23 
i  21 
22 
23 
21 
25 
20 
27 
28 
23 
30 
31 
3J 
33 
31 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
41 
45 
46 
47 
48 
43 
53 
51 


fiO 


STATE    OF    KENTUCKY. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

rr.ODUCED. 

Barley,  bu&hcls  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

"\Vine,  gallons  of. 

JIavkot-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

a 

_o 

t-i 

a 

A 

£ 

1    o 

h 

o 
>• 
O 

3 

.u 

p 

-3 

o 

O 
IH 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

Aduir 

3 
13 
137 
10 
10 
ICO 
143 
340 
23 
594 
605 
31 
l<7 
25 
5 
5 
7G 
437 
107 
303 

S'085 
1.7G7 
2.3C8 
1,894 
8,  057 
1,006 
14,498 
18,941 

13 

«5 
145 
148 
1,348 
20,  598 

112,540 
83,  932 
115,558 
102,  532 
104,  443 
190,  327 
190,  002 
220,  100 
29,  430 

1,  070 
222 
847 
30 
701 
1,  425 
300 
4,  095 

410 
1,107 

714 
1,  453 
1,710 
3,470 
4,  008 
881 
2,  799 
1,  293 
31 
1,  337 
2,  119 
527 
653 
451 
1,737 
3,  910 
043 
733 
1,  348 
2,900 
269 
337 
538 
597 
2,  890 
137 
8-33 
3,  039 
3,443 
105 
1,  224 
2,  202 
1,477 
1,814 
1,  384 
1,  123 
1,  003 
805 
1,402 
2,  004 
3,012 
147 
2  2"'7 
711 
2  004 

3 

150 
504 
351 
34 
317 

Allen                                    !  

10 
29 

403 

1 

Ballard  . 

1 

1 

5 
ICO 
0  050 
S,  546 

233 
30 

5,  5C8 
240 

27 

Balh 

4,230 
2,  795 

35 

7,  359 
1 
594 
215 
5 
29 

2° 

190 

Doyd 

858 
7,723 

13,  172 
5,  351! 
1,411 
2,  902 
2,  4C3 
45 
1,273 
1,  134 
5,  1C3 
3.  292 
12,817 
43,  755 
10,  005 
14,331 
1,280 
1,  133 
3,  755 
2,007 
7,  234 

1,213 
14,  801 

3,  815 

58 

121,903 
134,051 
35,  005 

7,  015 
395 

69 
28 

Breatbitt  . 

10 
81 

C 
31.0 

00 
33 

io:>,  3«8 

91,  352 
.  07,  150 
81,038 

03,  098 
53,  375 
88,  885 
149,  170 
115,903 
190,  230 
105,  979 
72,  097 
7J,  078 
C'.),  CSO 
62,  032 
83,  174 
48,  748 
83,511 
203,  787 
158,  183 
49,  370 
103,  835 
40,  300 
77,  134 
80,  05fi 
111,020 
187,  070 
113,501 
73,  848 
01,241 
03,  109 
188,  000 
55,  802 
107,003 
87,  386 
154,  364 
100,  584 
01,281 
127,281 
28,133 
253,  846 
125,  803 
72  949 

20 
487 
185. 
7 
391 
100 
110 
20 
877 
483 
2,  943 
50 
1,315 

10 

Bullitt  

Butler 

1 
13 

11 

353 
252 
216 
53 
2,  073 
158 
401 
331 
6,  940 
60 
32.) 
305 
33 
38 
295 
108 
475 
559 
(jfi 
39 
158 
318 
1,793 
142 
131 
619 
133 
19 
72 
C35 
1 
70 
41 

21 
10 
4 

Caldwcll  -  -  - 

45 

280 
893 
83,  880 
1,  450 
11,  104 
3,  S88 
1,  313 
433 

Campbell  

9,  IKS 

E78 

71,520 
2,220 

Carroll  

10 
29 
31 

257 
0 
120 

33 

131 
6 
10 
140 
4 
o 

14 
43 

Carter 

Casey  . 

50 
110 
JO 
13 

o 

154 
1,417 
428 
45 

Christian 

10 
118 
23 
21 
25 
20 
177 
104 
120 

C4 

50 
245 
14 
130 
384 
98 
205 
33 
0 
280 
170 
303 
£81 

Clark.  .. 

Clay 

5 
215 
51 
2,  840 

Criltemlcn  

14 
11 

472 

Cumberland  

725 
215 
252 
930 
2,  431 
63,  038 
143 
27J 
180 
405 
3,803 
021 
40 
480 
354 
45 
45 
303 
108 
6,  297 
155 
250 
2,084 
15 
475 
56 
1,770 
530 

11 
17 
5 
20 
43 
111 

2-18 

Kstill  

5 
10,  4.",3 
11,451 

2,  442 
10,  059 
14,  094 
2,032 
7,  M'J 
10,  443 
0,898 
10,  400 
3,  340 
7,438 
350 
.    110 
0,  035 
5,037 
C,  478 
094 
1,080 
080 
9,294 
11,038 
10,000 
727 

319 
17,341 

1,533 

8,801 
119 

2:13 
107 
4 
25 
6 

Floyd  .  .  . 

5,  1G1 

1,327 
40 
2,702 
483 
300 
75 

3,  CGG 
1,425 
1,313 
1,735 

19 
5 

Fulton  .  .  . 

Gallatin  

00 
6£8 
75 
5 
3 

Garrard  

72 
3 

458 
10 
0 
10 

OO 

PI 

100 
33 

Grant  

Craves  

1,378 
114 

70 
3,049 

c:s 

32 

Grayson  

a 

18 

Greene  

83 

Greenup  

1 

118 

55 
194 

9 
12 

Hardin  

Ilarlan  .  .  . 

3,  230 

3,  IJ75 
00 

587 

:;.  :;   J 
1,417 

8 

Hart  

05 
721 
1,413 
20 
00 
13 
358 
30 
51 
341 
126 
34 
301 
301 
447 
545 

15 
233 
25 
2 
15 

Henderson  

COO 
2,  208 
00 

257 
4,235 
14 

3,083 
723 
1,079 
49 
0,  5  13 
1,  057 
391 
2,575 
733- 
1,250 
7CI 
481 
OS 
1,610 

1 

3,  587 
45 
281 
25 
1,  520 
103 
83 

Hopkins  

12 

Jackson  

8 
45,  305 
2,  Ji>3 

34,  013 
C,  03J 
4,  248 
1J,  700 
402 
4,  -J3 
1,038 
7,143 
3,635 
10.  629 

10,518 
15 

145,  605 
4,  830 

40 
10 

25 
5 

Johnson  

Kenton  

1,234 

13,427 

02,  159 
85 

151,605 
13(!,  185 
71,406 
03,  973 
63,  032 
36,  500 
100,  437 

114 
1,525 
35 
15 
130 
1.413 

>                 ,M      

50 

5 

141 
1,040 

14 

7 
18 

si 

627 
189 
52 
7 
229 

33 
003 
1,739 
1.900 

H7 
20 
13 

Luteher  

Ltwis  ...                                            7C7 

STATE    OF    KENTUCKY 


Gl 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of.  • 

1 
g 

3 

4 

G 

1 
8 
9 
10 

13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
oo 

23 

: 

26 
27 

30 
31 
• 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 

42 
43 
44 

45 

46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 

53 
54 

- 

57 
58 
59 
CO 
61 
fi-1 

i 
Dew  rotted,  tons  • 
of. 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Tlaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  coeooDS,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  fugnr,  pounds 
of. 

Cauc  fngar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Mni'lr  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

\Vatcr  rotted,tons 
of. 

•a 

li 

o 

I.  •» 

£1 

6 

9 

205 
72 

7,  PC7 
3,011 
4,  753 
1,210 
13,  C60 
2,  270 
105 
300 
2,424 
5,  374 
C53 
4,479 
7,  595 
1,015 
3,  003 

50!) 
102 

17 
753 
47 
8 
0 
21 
304 
7 
237 
CO 
1,188 
134 

10 

4,  520 
4  788 

3,770 

5,  400 

1,517 

3,  .1C-' 
30 

f)OO 

7:a 

3,  533 
555 

403 
453 
3C9 
£93 
711 
43 
0) 
')') 

10,  637 
12,  GOfl 
13,  358 
10,  7iH 
15,  035 
13,  183 
13,410 
24,805 
2,  325 
1C,  £03 
8,  443 
31,  399 
4,  009 
7,  5fi9 
10,579 
5,  «3 
4,013 
530 
13,121 
10,  880 
21,329 
10,075 
SO,  092 

{20,  721 
25,  900 

15,  me, 

10,222 
43,  455 
21,  141 
13,447 

23,  7  1  .1 
3,  0.-.8 
18,000 
9,415 
10,  334 
10,717 
8,717 
27,  008 
13,174 
28,801 
1,380 
7,988 
34,  10G 
52,  588 
28,  094 
20,483 
11,013 
23,  249 
13,  1UG 
37,  435 
1C,  421 
15,179 
11,863 
7,007 
23,  014 
18,804 
7,  437 
11,  105 
C,  320 
10,  6M 
9,8:'7 
52.  174 
20,718 
10,  -27J 
3,  050 
10,708 
25,  3:3 
19,  027 
23,  508 
19,007 
9,584 
21,003 
8,  333 
17,933 
7,  004 
C.08S 
7,  240 
15,  523 
9,45,1 
40,  002 
14,  1  18 
17,931 
25,  193 
20,015 
8.  CG7 

$74,  773 
83,  004 
80,277 
94,  924 
207,283 
118,  174 
1GO,  423 

1E9,  ::67 

20,  533 
117,  ICO 
104,  074 
40,  710 
90,  7:;7 
83,  373 
73.  084 
123,  008 
105,042 
35,  20-1 
5<>,  312 
70,  745 
104,081 
347,  803 
138,810 
53,  873 
4C,  34  1 
84.208 
76,  358 
201,446 
43,  037 
64,307 
250,  600 
110,331 
48,  UG3 
113,  003 
57,  282 
54,855 
110,003 
65,071 
165,009 
83,047 
85,  970 
48,464 
01,547 
148,  192 
48,  579 
104,560 
S3,  14-2 
194,485 
155,323  : 
C  ),  048 
131,932 
21,763 
025,303  j 
1C3.  258 
39,  014 
CO,  342 
83,  439 
08,588 
43,980  • 
5S,  512  ! 
31,749 
01.  8<J3 

1 

550 





470 
13 

140 

3,853 
4  090 

9,930 
108 
2,  743 
37 
0  3"'8 

8 

836 

10 
11 

745 
8C5 
1,312 

11,007 
o  437 

120 
511 
153 
1,  143 
C8 
148 
2C9 
121 
417 

311 

200 
100 

583 
SG7 
1.17 
203 
6,  019 
311 
71 
382 
435 
506 
1,264 
11  5:!3 

1,  078 
3.  352 
3,  802 
2,300 

50 

20 

053 
5  008 

3,211 
005 
Cl 
1,  033 
191 
17,  245 

1,261 

75 
355 
1,770 
IS,  181 
5,  Ml 
4,  C78 
1,507 

COS 
1,  OCO 
405 
21,491 
311,  470 
1.4CO 
3,  132 
0,040 
11,209 
245 
3.7JG 
1  980 

4 
6 
017 
2,  002 
38 
94 
248 
505 
1 
£92 
248 

2:;3 

280 
45 
05 
488 
0 
11 
12 
491 
11 

0 

001 

! 

588 
559 
1,883 
C83 
428 
o  0")° 

"22 

50 

12 

23 
150 

4?:> 

2,201 
5  18° 

033 

9C1 

558 

3,  035 
305 
1,725 

10,922 

384 
701 
18 
255 
2,876 
2D(i 
o  04.1 

795 
318 
1,  125 
511 
: 
824 
133 
45""* 
2,  827 
475 
307 
300 
G03 
338 

s:;c 

551 
275 
312 
203 
181 
3,024 
40 
4CO 
524 
677 
285 
914 
203 
303 
23 
047 

2,844 
303 
013 
G75 
2,013 
307 

12,  73!) 
4,  052 
19,  537 
1C,  900 
8,  399 
22,  170 
15,  975 
15,  C50 
49,503 
10,  770 
9,  905 
C,  753 
17,  388 
14,  983 
12,  333 
8,540 
0,  70.) 
8,011 
8,  107 
10,  003 
37,  320 
13,  370 
11,352 
15,225 
10,551 
9,053 
14,113 
5,029 
13,  427 
10,  805 
21,  037 
2,  130 
41,218 
5,803 
11,055 
9,371 
37,  492 
17.  400 

1,429 
3,  046 

80 

1,1  ec 

10,  721 
CO 

4  7')° 

47 

0 

50 
30 

3,  128 
5,  035 
4,450 
1,270 
8,  523 
883 
COO 
050 
11,511 
1,  003 
C5 
18,  047 
33  440 

4  630 

1,504 

C 

20 
10,  001 
4,  805 
2,675 
5 
1  898 



1 

17 

£0 
128 

2,  056 
1,203 

23 
788 
2  981 

1,  455 
£91 
20 
50 

24,871 

1,530 

2,  035 

5 

2  351 

C,  KB 
0 
15,  3C8 
1  331 

8D5 
502 
10,  305 
218 
218 
83 
0  °'8 

1,943 

10 

CM 

1,584 

o   t~4 

~,  1  i-t 

1,011 
1,003 

815 
1,  CS5 
C,  140 
6,  185 

1,  0110 
0,017 

9 
17 
1C2 
243 
15 
200 

2  30° 

0,  150 
6  240 

40 

0  503 

10,  705 
£80 

3,470 
95 
103 
1,013 

1,259 
4,512 

C79 
921 
1,083 

3,557 
1,  389 
03 
1-2.825 
321 

5,55: 

181 
8,651 
23,  153 
1,583 
3.  357 

1 

104 

2,010 
1,093 
5,110 
3,353 
150 

fa 

5,  «3 

145 
15 
174 
190 
145 
15 
434 

2  935 

100 

1,711 

1  70"* 

20  1 
333 

780 
401 
IS 
334 
147 
4,823 

570 

1  °"7 

381 
4  301 

3G5 
5,100 
015 
520 
4,  274 
8,  020 
4.349 

.        0,270 
5,  103 
15,  273 
0,  252 
7,949 
1,129 

741 

ISO 
401 

c;3 

329 
11 

13 

3 

5 

10 



406 

2.558 

20 

STATE    OF    KENTUCKY. 


AGRICULTURE. 


63 
C4 

05 

06 
C7 
08 
09 
TO 
71 
72 

7:1 
74 
75 
7fi 

78 
79 
80 
81 
83 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
89 
SO 
91 
92 
93 
84 
03 
9(i 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
IOC 
107 
108 
109 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  raules. 

c 
u 

J= 
o 

V, 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

c, 

o 
o 
.fi 
U3 

104,  469 
34,  053 
130,  144 
25,  7C3 
29,  073 
32,  577 
192,  210 
17,  903 
103,  S78 
35,  439 
1°8  300 

ce,  012 

90,  416 
150,650 
04,  533 
70,019 

05,  ceo 

95,211 
146,  025 
111,081 
SO,  787 
26,  283 
99,  !)36 
40,  550 
74,  722 
1C8,  129 
36,  718 
201,  341 
180,  349 
102,  302 
34,  116 
219.012 
31,331 
88,  901 
231,  100 
70,  6.32 
301,  504 
277,  470 
41,  291 
195,  062 
96,  886 
04,  COO 
80,  182 
3,  039 
Kl,  C.7-1 
05,  C89 
42,  060 
78,  072 
110,330 
131,543 
36,  596 
121,403 
160,  360 
49,  105 
199,  621 
93,  D84 
260,  776 
•7,893 

$3,  993,  699 
1,  2E3,  674 
5,  743,  S25 
e,nQ  030 

1,  C02,  478 
1,  172,  C53 
7,  346,  SCO 
392,  353 
3,  507,  COO 
999,  COO 
0,  COS.  997 
1,  937,  337 
4,  370,  120 
902,  722 
1,082,  376 
3,  915,  305 
1,094,821 
1,848,084 
5,  047,  877 
3,  377,  294 
2,  128,  143 
2,  700,  690 
2,284,137 
700.213 
1,  950,  278 
419,  538 
537,  098 
27:i,  326 
2,  032,  640 
505,  252 
£81,570 
824,  714 
C,  793,  2C3 
9,  63  1,830 
2,  514,  577 
2,  704,  902 
910,  917 
4,31f,201 
1,  950,  400 
1,  378,  122 
4,  147,  800 
C,  268,  412 
3,  718,  324 
1,929,375 
1,232,373 
338,  607 
6,  042,  240 

?54.  5"9 
50,  785 
180,  934 
39,  544 
47,  624 
47,  093 
105,074 
S,  595 
79,  009 
43,  7C8 
138,  307 
09,  103 
1C3,  252 
42,  179 
43,  914 
57,  093 
20,  1C9 
69,  !!50 
124,  756 
75,  SOU 
97,775 
81,709 
08,  469 
14,049 
52,  987 
11,  431 
11,097 
8,153 
78,  551 
23,  ICfi 
7,  559 
29,185 
119,  886 
200.  9C8 
77,  383 
80,  030 
41,001 
100,  215 
73,  291 
44,  201 
143,  700 
142,  495 
92,  484 
49,715 
53,  566 
28,  724 
134,  875 

4,116 
1,790 
4,  749 
1,  339 
1,  483 
1,710 
9,  454 
809 
5,  COO 
1,930 
0,  530 
2,  088 
5,  031 
2,  607 
2,681 
4,774 
1.904 
3,  1(10 
5,  839 
5,6*5 
4,455 
2,  573 
4,  904 
997 
3,530 
788 
1,201 
555 
4,009 
1,400 
C-I2 
1,028 
0,170 
8,  103 
3,  584 
3,  515 
2,  341 
3,  121 
2,655 
2,  41,1 
3,  957 
6,403 
5,  845 
2,  500 
2,  097 
1,748 
5,415 

3,780 
418 
2,  732 
540 
714 
271 
5,  496 
1C8 
2,  027 
393 
1,  640 
357 
2,284 
503 
384 
2,711 
134 
987 
1,  683 
1,  924 
563 
271 
547 
71 
217 
53 
31 
47 
1,021 
270 
43 
234 
3,441 
2,  685 
795 
974 
339 
2,210 
1,  489 
£84 
822 
2,  569 
1,851 
1,  030 
485 
243 
2,043 

2  952 
1,951 
3,  97H 
1,  149 
1,  502 
1,493 
4,  995 
1,  157 
3,021 
1,609 
3,  7-!  7 
2,  122 
3,131 
1,918 
1,991 
2,  523 
2,286 
2,  794 
4,  252 
2,  779 
3,  540 
2,  195 
5,  999 
1,  331 
2,  489 
1,541 
2,034 
523 
4,127 
1,366 
015 
1,  483 
3,  843 
4,  929 
1,978 
2,  072 
1,  950 
2,  403 
2,053 
1,  C33 
3,408 
4,280 
3,  217 
2  072 
1,  630 
2,  510 
2,  095 

1,240 

814 
811 
001 
705 
2,312 

s:c 

1,326 

1,  143 
587 
1,  119 
039 
911 
1,077 
1,311 
1  ,  390 
1,  301 

cc- 
cco 

2  275 

£02 
1,  4'.:8 
728 
667 
078 
1,  090 
205 
2,  330 
605 
373 
1,039 
1,  257 

7::8 

207 
592 
560 
1,212 
'  299 
1,597 
2,020 
1,  057 
1,450 
1,  125 
1,374 
063 

7,  915 
2,  438 
4,519 

2,  563 
2,  1  M 
10,  039 
2,  236 
5,  72G 
2,  1C8 
(5  37° 
3,  331 
4,  396 
2,518 
3,  £04 
7,  190 
3,  570 
5,  179 
8,  040 
5,  091 
8,124 
3,  592 
5,  CUT 
S,  218 
4,  493 
3,  187 
3,  792 
842 
5,  585 
2,  330 
1,  004 
2,  1  00 
6,  633 
10,  239 
3,  047 
3,  808 
3,  £06 
3,  639 
3,  465 
2,  459 
7,483 
7,599 
5,  118 
5,  165 
2,  912 
4,000 
5,  552 

12,714 

10,  1£0 
3,  320 
3,002 
4,149 
14,  C80 
3,  5-13 
13,244 
4,  850 
10,501 
0,  688 
10,  5F8 
7,798 
10,  144 
9,  073 
10,  391 
9,  235 
13,  171 
8,  957 
14,  247 
9,  094 
13,  438 
5,  770 
7,  725 
6,015 
7,  806 
1,751 
22,  007 
0,  531 
2,  CTO 
5,  !:5() 
12,  529 
21.2C2 
7,913 
5,821 

9,  3::o 

9,097 
6,  814 
4,000 
10,  110 
19,  575 
11,406 
10,  231 
5,  324 
8,304 
11,815 

Magoffin  

Marshall 

Meade 

05,  603 
110,  B5T 
45,  4C6 
50,  947 
SO,  405 
55,  246 
05,  850 
118,211 
101,990 
81,  900 
05,  175 
£S,  678 

60,  045 
18,  754 
oo  507 

Metcalf'e     . 

Ohio  

Oldham  

Owen  

Owsley 

Pendleton 

Perry  .  . 

P.ke  

Powell  .  .  . 

13,  073 
108,828 
31,036 
17,  356 
36,  805 
102,  277 
198,064 
04,  159 
75,  339 
56,  ISO 
91,913 
01,  586 
45,  024 
7°  508 

Pulaski  

Rowan  

Russell 

Scott 

Shelby  .  . 

Tnvlor  

T  odd  

Trigg  

Trimble 

134,  892 
139,  574 
78,  620 
42,  832 
40,  495 
108,  327 

Washington  

Webhter. 

Whitley  

Total 

7,  044,  208 

11,  519,  053 

291,  490,  955 

7,  474,  573 

353,  704 

117,  634 

269,  215 

108,  9C9 

457,  815 

938,  990 

STATE    OF    KENTUCKY, 


G3 


A  G  II I  C  U  L  T  U  R  U  . 


LIYi:  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

d 

1 

U 

Live  Btock,  Talue  of. 

V»"hcat,  bushcla  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

a 

£ 

1   ° 
q 

d 

•5 

a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginueil  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Pens  and  benns,  bush 
els  of. 

J3 

1 

f* 

n  J2 

o    w 

a 

Swei-t  potatoes,  bush 
els  cf. 

C3 
64 
-   CS 
CO 
C7 
C8 
C9 
70 
71 

~l 
74 
75 

76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 

83 
84 
65 
80 
87 

es 

89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
04 
05 
9G 
97 
83 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
100 
107 
108 
109 

80,  463 

15,  "55 
40,  (Wi 
11,  118 

11,  era 

15,  567 

4  1,0:8 

7,585 
27,  5:-0 

in,  880 

33,  050 
21,508 
31,  591 
11,  374 
14,  375 
19,  058 
Hi,  2:;:) 

4:i,  G(H 
26,014 
30,  2C2 
14,  224 
39,  G27 
10,  44J 
84,  OC8 
10,  302 
14,  344 
3,  £79 
£5,  524 
10,  SCO 
4,279 
1:1,  071 
25,  875 
53,551 
21,577 
£0,533 
15,  79D 
27,  870 
21,27:1 
12,  949 
59,  8C5 
40,253 
32,  206 
•      11,707 
]«,  54U 
1C,  045 

$l,07fi,735 
321,474 
],«>3,K8 
CCS,  5'.'7 
£6'.',  970 
8(1-1,  479 
1,038,858 
186,  812 
70!),  r.88 
874,  GOO 
1,048,650 
404,  333 
940,  157 
300,  025 
352,  C70 
038,  2GG 
888,  78J 
520,041 
l.COli,  418 
942,  KS 
649,  C4C 
4'J5,  COO 
724,  509 
140,  712 
481,  2C5 
148,  022 
8CC,  781 
C9,  181 
G75,  750 
833,  053 
128,  C80 
252,  C44 
1,339,404 
1,405,0:2 
4CS,  032 
547,  891 
349,  87C! 
593,  £82 
514,  242 
345,  355 
002,  C8J 
1,  ()L7,  2U2 
1,00-9,35(1 
400,  443 
3.:9,  OJ9 
257,  375 
1,058,532 

M,  840 
41,909 

11:1,  co:> 

15,  «54 
3:),  -01 
22,946 
03,  044 
7,  ai7 
75,  .181 
27.9S9 
887,  405 
90.:M~- 
115,  ^1J 
84,  4  J4 
20,  4(17 
50,  4  IB 
83,  C82 
29,  -Ml 
144,  17ii 
105,  354 
43,  KM 
103,  755 
121,  CCS 
12,  C«3 
85,  5::8 
o,  4:;7 

10,  7DS 
4,050 
82,  040 
1(1,  !::••» 
5,  8JO 
20,  785 
160,  105 
85),  189 
51,972 
113,  240 
85,  072 
137,  588 
31,911 
03,  550 
109,  218 
115,019 
70,  0(3 
40.  322 
19.018 
18,244 
182,  051 

33,  538 
4;:! 
5,  400 

an 

1,  817 
410 
03,  4-15 
570 
23,  056 
790 
22,  657 
5,  501 
32,165 
684 
1,523 
25,  341 
3,  CG5 
1,  18S 
23,  502 
£2,  060 
1,220 
5,090 
13,  055 
2,  079 
20,  C88 
1C7 
80S 
4711 
4,  504 
1,078 
C29 
751 
1?  992 
62,  C«9 
945 
20,5G8 
1,885 
1,341 
819 
5,781 
8GO 
5,  B20 
45,  142 
5,  £89 

3.  :C3 
15,411 

710,845 
415,293 
1,  114,005 
88.-1,  755 
302,915 
319,  1C5 
1,  354,  705 
1  05,  325 
952,  703 
304,  :!35 
1,  070,  090 
523,  940 
839,  750 
305,  045 
344,  451 
735,  WIG 
390,  9r3 
512,  685 
938,  717 
839,  100 
748,  290 
433,  135 
833,  049 
8B9,  398 
054,  315 
1(14,  552 
280,011 
130,  985 
093,418 
265,605 
124,  3C8 
313,  195 
1,  100,  195 
1,  622,  710 
594,  955 
0:8,730 
405,117 
735,  052 
555,  055 
304,  040 
1,  132,  900 
1,  17S,  471 
907,311 
435,  860 
432,  44G 
330,  073 
753,  065 

03,  070 
2,224 
84,  093 
1,651 
3,  2!X) 

39 

g.>l     -,.>.» 

2?,  RIG 
8,  OT 

so,  sea 

5,  KS> 
4  %4 

1 
2,  107 

£37 

2,  fill 

0:15 

554 
CIO 
8,9!5 
1,357 

5,  233 
071 
1,719 
945 
2,  557 

10,  07:) 
10,218 

15,  240 
6,€K\ 
14,  120 
5,001 
25,  :i<;2 
7,  815 
17,425 

S3,  302 
21,072 
13,  C87 
5  5°4 

5.8C8 
9,  110 
20,  CHO 
B,  G75 
8,  7") 
5,  74  1 
12.  .'IGJ 
3,  14:i 
12,  ll:i 
13,258 
5,141 
4,  639 
8,008 
9,  0:  5 
14,  525 

3,  8::s 

r.    707 
0,   t~l 

14,  :i3<i 
8,  (112 
1,251 
10,  343 
4.  115 
:   - 
5,  2G9 
2,  407 
3,390 
15,909 
723 
30,103 
3,C8fl 
8,  5C9 
7,  898 
2,722 
8,183 
21,  300 
2,510 
13.  C53 
80,  4G1 
15,  840 
4,  4~t 
13,  897 
30,  CSO 
0,828 
10,536 
7,  175 
15,  810 
4,094 

3.920,818    
1,156,320    

1,  137,228  j  

8,  450 
150,  545 
10,815 
70,  !KM 
1,727 
40,  024 
71,216 
74,  392 
32,  024 
21,575 
80,  324 
88,  187 
13,  809 
8!),  2lil 

1  683  428    

8,  'XI3 
54,  •-"-•.•) 

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87,011 
10,  890 
33,  484 
17,  HID 
25  ,')!8 

65  931  ; 

5,  IS! 
138,  000 
1,042,270 



1,  738,  658 
497,  442 

9  018 

772  910    

T.I  778 

007,302    
4,105    

Ki,  :M:I 

28  247 

1,570 
3,  :;r9 

2,  829 
1,917 

9.  537 

14,  00!) 
15,  989 
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20,014 
1,  597.  3.',(i 
1,  39!) 

81,827 

15  905 

103,771 
88,  '.iCC 
41,  345 
34,  927 
8,854 
40,  00.) 
2,715 
12,2:8 
4,  079 
74,803 
10,  797 
9,  073 
0,  87  1 
191,821 
143,789 
51,  168 
49,910 
£5,  012 
35,  424 
13,680 
£0,913 
14,  183 
83,329 
6,1,  453 
37,  385 
9,022 
10,  255 
114,870 

390,  4(18 
2,  927,  084 
202  770 

'-'5,  707 
26,  7-17 
87,  i:«i 
32,  017 
8,  -I.V. 
16  940 

2,  !>02 
1,  181 

3i» 

1,348 

B'^ 

H7,  851 
C,  iOU 
.     »10 
8:.'G 
3,  703 
2,  05  2 
1,  598 

i.sia 

2.P71 

2,1171 
809 

1,958 
1,593 
3,  890 
4,  (!83 

i.coo 

2,  052 
77,) 
C;>1 
4,008 
4,  672 

13,814 

10,  189 
9,  530 
20,  170 

11,  100 

2:1,  «;•_> 

10.42G 

14,  189 
3,  105 
24,  047 
7,  4C5 
5.  XX) 
9,  15(i 
22.  470 
22,  541 
9.080 
8,  571] 

7.  9:;o 

12,221 
9,  291 
11,001 
21,  OKI 
19,  a-lli 
13,186 
11,803 
5,  147 
1C,  881 
2G,  3% 

2,  153,  3!)7 
9  971 

413,670 
C,  902 

11  3'15 

13  518 

M,  408 
4,288 
33,  87'J 
0,  453 
0,  273 
1,  890 
5.3.  701 
CO.  1)08 
14,991 
15,  457 
15.  "41 
21,  S.">4 

1,537 

13,218 

22  025 



10,800 
39,305 
11  805 

10,340 
o'ld  in') 

849,  100 
1,641,025 
400 
i 
4,  90-1,  790 
3,  770,  GC8 
657,  043 
2  051  000 

2  753  473 

38,451 
£8,422 
21,758 

10,  sac 

23.  533 
48,  014 

19,260    

24.  271 
a    155,243 

17,812 

800 

2,  330,  595 

01,  803,837 

7,  394,  8C9 

1,055;200 

64,043,  KM 

4,617  029 

108,123.840    

2,  329,  105 

288,346 

1,  75C,  531 

1,  057,  557 

1 

64 


STATE    OF    KENTUCKY. 


AGRICULTURE. 


63 
G4 
05 
GO 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
71 
73 
7B 
77 
78 
79 
80 

»' 
8-1 
83 
.-1 
85 
88 
87 
88 
811 
90 
Hi 
92 
93 
U4 
95 
90' 
07 
03 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
10-1 
105 
106 
107 
108 
109 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

1 
p 

T=  'o 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

Hay,  tons  of. 

Clover  peed,  bushels 
of. 

ft 

3 
fz 

'S  °c 

i 

i 

0 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

131 

IOC 
225 
18 
10 

$5,624 
3,  9«7 
2,  1-17 
100 
3,  345 
2,  554 
10,  123 
1  ,  089 
3,  173 
4,721 
10,  635 
11,418 
9,  7£8 

DO 

173 
32 

610 
5,305 

87,  C39 
70,  438 
133,  919 
4">  4CO 

6,  795 

2.C68 
1   134 

55 

2ce 

204 
722 
85 
37 
41 
2,452 
49 
1,  589 
1,369 
355 
69 
310 
10 
4K! 
CO 
330 
240 
1,  399 
480 
103 
10  °00 

Livingston  

34 

23 
3 

360 

1,  042 
564 
595 
1,  099 
3,  GOT 
139 
2,  433 
304 
4,229 
1,486 
3,  206 
893 
325 
1,360 
852 
1,010 
3,762 
1,  402 
2,  426 
1,  425 
2,  084 
122 
1,  535 
5 
180 
128 
1,  091 
367 
254 
56 
1,715 
3,040 
723 
1,678 
533 
921 
561 
1,  159 
o  901 

85 
3 

Lyon  

McCrackeu  

6,625 

51,  700 

68,321 

240,  :~:> 

26,  022 
130,813 
74,  4C8 
243,  001 
95,  451 
150,  !S8 
7°  470 

30 
40 
7 

24 
2° 
19 

3 

289 
171 
1,402 
57 

48 
283 

260 
12,  730 
25 
1,  895 
320 
4,080 
330 
4,4i7 
25 
1,343 
3,  374 
1,  052 
216 
3,  707 
4,  185 
809 
130 
1,423 
85 
1,686 

2 
102 

24 
171 

740 

JIagoffin  

5C5 

1,512 

400 
17 

3 
4 

2,011 
43 
210 

Mason.  .  .'  

75,  001 
10 
11,044 

2,  429 
159 

420 
80 

17,  1C3 
l.EOO 
4,  COG 

24 

MetCall'i:  

Monroe  

1,871 
10,  C59 
5,  0»4 

a,  242 

13,  Sill 
8,  820 
2,  ::59 
12,910 
3,  125 
1,431 
3,  922 
1,  CO-' 
3,342 
1,497 
4,615 
2,  315 
2,087 
4,  930 
3,  676 
12,  733 
3,  CC3 
6,445 
237 
400 
5,518 
563 
025 
4,  9-15 
4,  038 
2,  916 
048 
20 
2,277 

68,  420 
115,  732 
112,  015 
92  06'* 
175  039 
139,295 
123,  13!) 
107,  580 
128,  509 
55,  125 
171,250 
46,  137 
!77,  37G 
23,  540 
161,  979 
65,  936 
20,237 
55,  455 
101,  022 
257,  844 
92,  914 
B4,  576 
69,  471 
102.  223 
80,  908 
88,  087 
180,  040 
174,  007 
144,  252 
104,  475 
51,  176 
126,  086 
176,  640 

4 

85 

51 
393 

20 

342 
252 

o 

20 

Morgan  

Mullleuburg  

12 

2,  o:so 

20 
80 
7,105 

40 

5 
74 

7 

1,  CT1 
122 
8 
MO 
25 
15 
3,  800 

200 
40 
19 
80 
222 
142 
294 
42 
53 
13 
53 
421 
43 
45 
786 
581 
92 
20 
10 

53 
227 
194 
1,  200 
52 
185 
1,700 

14 

25 

Ohio  

Oldham  

£8 

040 
32 
28 

7 
10 
0 

Owsley  

I'eudletoii  

580 
140 
25 

I'crry  

1 

Pike  

5 

15 

3 

Powell   

Pulaski  

15 

285 
5  nf*o 

i 

1,505 
li  170 
810 
959 
12 

395 
043 
151 
4i."l 
5,572 
3,800 
320 
2,705 
365 

3 

10 
92 
110 
32 
173 
B77 
622 
145 
423 
200 

Rock  Castle  

Kl 

Rowan  

23 

8 
11 

3? 

19 
50 
40 
4 

Russell  

:i 

2,  250 
0,  045 
197 

2,  107 

Scott  

1,007 
1,  171 
OG5 
140 
155 

Shelby 

28 
15 
8 
199 

Taylor 

Tocld  

Trigg  

06 
399 

110 
100 
108 
80 

200 
40 

48 
1,950 

Trimble  

721) 
630 
50 
804 

2,  483 

1,112 
210 
1,440 
553 
14 
24 

12 

5 

Union  

3."8 
326 

2,  032 
2,006 
1,1)87 
80 
600 
1,581 

1,829 
1,  753 
361 
583 
305 
1  G°° 

3 
97 
35 

175 
1,428 
239 
419 
37 
15 

5 

130 

Webster  

15 

Wttley  

79 
219 

"\Voodlbrd  

56,  £80 

6,  826 

3,914 

3 

Total  . 

270,  685 

18,  928 

604,  649 

179,  948 

458,  245 

11,710,009 

190,400 

158,  476 

2,308 

62,561 

5,899 

STATE    OF    KENTUCKY. 


G5 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

c 
o 
3 

1 
13 

g 
1 

'3 
•5 

63 

i  i 
65 
6t 
•7 
68 
69 
70 
71 

74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
-i 
M 

82 

-  ; 
-  i 
85 
86 
87 
- 
-•< 
• 
91 
'  i 
13 
94 
.' 

IK: 

••7 

98 

,,,, 

:   i 
L01 
102 

104 

105 
6 

•-, 

:'.- 

109 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  coeoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  supfar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  ntpar.  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  niolnsfes, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufacturer,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

! 
p. 

t  a 

<=•  a 

s  * 

a 

5 

201 

5 

10,  810 
507 
2,838 
500 

338 

3,880 
705 
4,213 
280 

935 
103 
438 
50 

3,220 
2,  522 
2  (>24 
455 

493 
284 
533 

221 
308 
43.1 
1,  349 
706 
809 
405 
234 
303 
435 
143 
494 
840 
077 
427 
6:!8 
109 
563 
258 
327 
600 
577 
2,  71)7 
4,171 
383 
888 
1           554 
248 
1,081 
30 
656 
352 
45 
281 
301 
535 
630 
170 
471 
523 
1,214 

2,  485 
343 

19,  a-!0 
6,840 
9,  370 
3,  (Ma 
3,310 
11,389 

30,410 

10,  577 
20,720 
7,  358 
23,  726 
5,582 
22,009 
6,  <I55 
9,  665 
17,  573 
19,  886 
12,  533 
18,  534 
15,  280 
17,114 
5,  870 
24,  894 
15,  937 
810 
10!),  805 
9!),  095 

12,  ees 

24,780 
14,386 
4,352 
14,888 
10,  642 
25,  805 
5,  572 
11,615 
8,003 
6,  095 
11,717 
10,  308 
23,  905 
15,  947 
33,  832 
26,309 
8,  370 
32,189 
13,858 

1  19,  677 
13,  407 
38,221 
5,  998 
5,309 
19,  027 
35,120 
8,103 
26,  547 
10,  597 
20,  208 
13,410 
18,  140 
10,  312 
28,226 
14,342 
56,836 
23,  346 
23,  481 
10,  039 
24,  780 
7,215 
23,  924 
15,211 
13,  832 
14,  993 
26,  904 
0,  979 
49,  675 
18,489 
7,  040 
18,927 
16,  699 
32,506 
84,061 
11,  152 
18,  348 
20,435 
15,  6:ll 
6,  983 
25,  075 
50.  :150 
25,  980 
40,014 
13,812 
36,  478 
16,  241 

$97,338 
84,592 
267,296 
65,  C84 
60,  602 
60,242 
197,  590 
24,  849 
142,  945 
«8,284 
188,  40)5 
87,678 
129,415 
57,358 
68,610 
100,409 
68,  727 
99,  149 
168,936 
116,310 
159,967 
71,560 
119,382 
53,  122 
87,  C65 
51,120 
50,102 
17,463 
150,  480 
48,125 
17,837 
78,763 
151,020 
203,  684 
119,764 
97,648 
70,500 
162,  816 
133,  578 
5.1,  743 
240,  420 
214,944 
134,691 
117,213 
79,332 
71,882 
114,  90S 

115 

15 

2,075 
18,915 
4,250 
14,079 
375 

TO 
691 

278 
968 
8 
4 
137 
243 

611 
13,510 
4  431 

127 
2,280 
285 
417 
51 
1,057 
84 
809 
16 
745 
1,620 
1,008 
760 
981 
703 
742 
349 
989 
58 

205 
8,279 
4,  809 
4,474 
994 
26 
1,317 
6,002 
8,307 
7,  !)71 
5,  932 
27,  107 
1,567 
3,  525 
11,089 
6,  770 
50 
4,001 
0,177 
4,  090 
616 
3,  501 
6,  138 
33,  10-1 
8,788 
63 
5,038 
2,312 
1,175 
471 
268 
2,398 

2 

1  208 

703 

1,703 
120 
3,  5!)9 
4  782 

28:) 
2 
56 

4,  371 
5  575 



19,  905 
11,979 
7,  55« 
8,088 
3,  350 
10,381 

c:.i 

25  393 

141 
910 
188 
837 
150 
577 
9 
886 
170 
25 
203 
19 
357 
254 
47 
1,433 

114 

450 
0 
205 
104 
205 
659 
40 

100 

1,601 

4  903 

07.-) 

5  557 

10,  477 
3,  r>2l 
2,  202 
3  4-16 

20 

33 

14 

4 

3,  840 
657 
3,468 
7  413 

o 

400 

2,635 
7(18 
6,350 
940 
18,  065 
13,  400 
1,637 
109,  552 
10,  7:](i 
1  475 

3 

2  438 

6,  111 
4  <1'>7 

156 

35 

1 

1,717 
18,600 
6,032 

31 
383 
4,  353 
298 
2,  595 
1,  840 
25 
427 
457 

8,  55  1 
70 
4,580 
10,850 
2,130 
9  221 

4,  428 
4,900 
1,770 
400 
2  925 

235 
236 

10 

11 

5 

1 

3,290 

2  045 

22 
919 

05 
301 

793 

29 

3,401 
100 
987 
4  26° 

3,885 
15,753 
11,203 
2.  C51 
14,872 
2,735 

602 
728 
630 
49 
2:  S3 
510 

45 

477 
733 
22 

827 
5,736 
10,  828 
75 

12,753 

50 
6,  858 
135 

1,203 

0 

1 

803                   391 

33,039 

2,020 

4,  34-1 

728,234 

28,875 

340 

380,941 

140,  076           356,  705         68,  339  j     1,  768,  692 

2,  095,  578 

11,  040,  TJ8 

G6 


STATE   OF   LOUISIANA. 


AGRICULTUE E . 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 

6 
7 
8 
9 

10 

11 
!•> 

i.i 
14 

10 

II! 

'. 
I 
111 
:' 

23 
24 
25 
26 

. 

'-'•• 

30 
31 
::•; 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
33 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
15 
4(i 
47 
48 

1'AKISIIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value,  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved.  in  farms. 

c 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

ti 

^3 

O 

| 
5: 

42,  CCG 
57,  680 
58,078 
55,  220 
32,  04  1 

109,  213 
93,520 
243,  004 
127,  401 
52,  833 

SO,  253,  700 
7,013,350 
5,  175,  358 
2,  588,  300 
3,  050,  210 

?887,  090 
700,  319 
238,  787 
502,  848 
1,100,250 

1,  234 
1,  COO 
3,  032 
2,  030 
847 

2-,  450 

1,751 
1,941 
1,050 

1,372 
1,748 
5,  080 
4,280 
085 

735 

887 
1,377 
1,  277 
482 

2,  032 
2,  847 
0,  123 
10,  457 
1,009 

3,  131 
2,  341 
7,  302 
5,  233 
1,491 

Baton  Kongo,  East  
Baton  Itougc,  AVest  .... 
Bicnvillc*  

91,  583 
08,  028 
8,621 

21,  403 
118,110 
54,411) 
114,  G39 
87,  400 
9C,  591 
96,  728 
71,  530 
31,  138 
02,  523 
70,  873 
24,  148 
111,373 
40,  5,">5 
10,  537 
104,  383 
52,  988 
80,010 
5,  749 
25,  881 
28,  075 
82,  932 
105,  839 
20,350 

220,  772 
2C8,  472 
28,  781 
80,  872 
175,  094 
188,540 
381),  738 
158,  523 
282,  354 
124,316 
105,  801 
127,  055 
131,  088 
215,002 
50,  209 
52,  432 
89,  542 
05,  083 
172,  042 
150,  032 
270,  020 
1!),  715 
90,  447 
Gl,4«9 
109,  025 
331,  117 
80,  171 

4,  057,  057 
3,  843,  015 
230,  920 
1,701,075 
15,  008,  712 
5,  093,  255 
2,  775,  080 
12,  333,  720 
2,  540,  087 
2,218,878 
2,244,510 
1,074,572 
12,  CO  1,1  'JO 
1,  343,  700 
2,  082,  080 
1,224,030 
4,  104,  100 
317,  038 
11,  040,  COO 
5,  505,  285 
5,  059,  293 
1,  301,  000 
2,  323,  033 
2,  791,  700 
8,  815,  320 
9,340,011 
414,  740 

228,  901 
110,  470 
41,075 
87,  200 
500,  883 
140,  100 
215,303 
837,  310 
78,  357 
213,  005 
345,  723 
69,082 
880,  719 
00,  700 
55,  COO 
124,  035 
508,  202 
28,  250 
304,  920 
143,  472 
99,815 
77,  050 
07,  489 
101,000 
2,113,835 
1,002,340 
43,  327 

1,107 
1,430 
2,180 

2,  501 
2,  219 
112 

4,029 
3,  7  19 
3,042 

1,403 
1,115 
1,010 

7,  503 
12,  111 

4,  129 
3,  7K) 

Caddo 

Caldwcll  

2,005 
2,  330 
1,041 
1,500 
1,500 
1,  030 
1,273 
1,355 
1,532 
1,  323 
388 
0,087 
002 
844 
1,340 
1,307 
2,837 
402 
078 
594 
2,  737 
3,  1)34 
1,  200 

4,908 

1,830 
2,  347 
3,783 
2,  021 
1,850 
2,519 
990 
3,412 
1,  324 
1,  372 
1,  200 
2,  030 
01 
4,  IDS 
1,  742 
2,  780 
304 
840 
1,034 
3,792 
4,010 
427 

4,228 
4,  274 
2,  290 
3,045 
3,000 
2,107 
2,574 
1,000 
3,  140 
010 
4,020 
1,288 
2,  404 
2,712 
3,  571 
5,220 
408 
1,711 
030 
4,  442 
7,520 
2,035 

1,881 
2,115 
1,  582 
1,  070 
1,710 
1,832 
1,  044 
1,242 
1,057 
1,  303 
311 
2,  304 
512 
514 
2,007 
1,424 
2,  504 
135 
553 
800 
1,  429 
3,  450 
1,230 

12,  184 
11,505 
11,948 

0,412 
0,  381 
7,  858 
5,  559 
5,  005 
5,  505 
0,  008 
1,203 

12,  O:M 

1,571 
5,  020 
8,  702 
8,840 
11,015 
318 
4,  207 
1,033 
8,801 
22,  251 
7,  503 

3,285 
3,  275 
10,  170 
3,  320 
4,  800 
0,  234 
4,818 
2,003 
4,  000 
4,  140 
815 
0,  020 
041 
1,515 
3,  485 
2,  754 
7,745 
804 
1,020 
1,208 
0,325 
11,080 
1,002 

Do  Solo 

Ibervillo  

Lafayette  

Sablno 

St.  Bernard*  

29,  009 
37,  458 
45,100 
32,  481 
93,292 
42,  870 
78,  3SD 
0,120 
117,  355 
38,  810 
82,  791 
85,  753 
22,  177 
20,  017 

51,504 
202,  570 
03,  885 
40,  505 
221,  340 
170,  Oil 
210,  481 
59,  532 
230,  075 
158,  800 
210,  084 
5,  001 
148,  845 
85,018 

3,  201,  000 
1,  400,  107 
3,  557,  050 
2,  502,  800 
5,020,118 
4,  850,  021 
9,  737,  100 
108,  261 
15,  452,  703 
7,100,390 
1,  100,836 
412,  305 
247,  720 
488,  190 

r  ~i  )    7<}j 

80,057 
1,301,200 
408,  250 
314,  110 
250,  027 
1,  200,  005 
4,323 
728,  074 
040,  733 
115,370 
55,  025 
37,  002 
40,  074 

348 
1,354 
717 
9-!8 
3,  738 
3,  122 
2,857 
448- 
1,847 
1,035 
1,080 
4,  824 
1,434 
801 

1,417 
373 
2,702 
1,700 
2,  442 
2,  438 
6,404 
09 
4,  044 
2,  334 
1,  240 
01 
127 
391 

505 
2,043 
838 
942 
0,  504 
4,482 
2,  250 
1,038 
3,512 
1,078 
3,018 
4,438 
2,  004 
1,080 

770 
1,140 
005 

3,  107 
3,  123 
1,  150 
004 
2,  477 
073 
1,203 
738 
851 
720 

791 
0,180 
1,470 
1,705 
15,  882 
11,707 
1C,  382 
4,  528 
8,085 
2,  301! 
7,731 
17,130 
5,  002 
3,210 

1,239 
3,  373 
1,040 
1,279 
14,  457 
7,203 
9,  751 
2,247 
5,717 
1,082 
5,088 
190 
3,302 
833 

St   Helcnn 

St.  Landry 

St.  Martin's 

St.  Mary's  .  . 

Washington 

Winn  

Tot;J  

2,  707,  108 

0,501,408 

204,  789,  G<;2 

18,  048,  223 

78,  703 

91,702 

120,  002 

00,358 

326,  787 

181,253 

STATE    OF   LOUISIANA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


i.ivi:  .STOCK. 

/--                                                               PRODUCED.    / 

o 
a 

* 

Live  stock,  vnluc  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

o 

3 

£ 

1 

o 
a 
rt 
.5 

Oats,  bnfhcls  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  4C01bs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

IVnsand  br4ins,  bush 
els  of. 

•9 

a 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 
3 

3 
4 
5 

0 
7 
8 
9  /- 
10 
11 

13 
14 
15 
10 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22    t- 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 

6,  150 
7,  078 
30,  391 
20,  851 
1,603 

$533,  808 
618,  210 
550,  505 
470,  525 
385,  125 

481,452 
439,  220 
G6  1,595' 
305  350 

1,000 
ICO 

084 
019 

20,  ncs 

11,021 
1,  405 

5,  380 
1,206 

18,  493 
8,  G27 
1,000 

7,  3r,8 
7,  002 
1,396 
5,  001 
4,  173 

7,  5!!9 

s;  091 

4,  300 
0,217 
3,085 

20,  356 
52,  091 
48,  043 
53,  035 
0,585 

50,  8CO 
739 

135 

204,  870 

23,971 
20,  507 

055,  008 
435,  401 
197,  055 

1,955 
1,010 

1,179 
1,107 

552,  824 
404,  205 
91,295 

10,  303 
7,822 

3,300 

50 

40,028 
9,385 
040 
7,  £90 
84,  1G5 
23,504 
18,083 
63,  971 

8,300 
3,571 
9,  540 
584 
8,003 
3,  946 
21,  151 
9,  534 
7,  242 
790 
9,  080 
4,  127 
2,  779 
8,  327 

05,475 
38,  305 
4,  252 
358 
5,  237 
0,  272 
11,013 
75,  735 

7,  904 
12,  500 
2,  527 
5,  312 
29,508 

10,  700 
40,410 
9,820 
5,  105 
10,217 
7,  790 
4,  949 
11,430 
5,  035 
040 
4,  174 
3,  924 
4,  937 
4,  276 
20,815 
1,392 
13,015 
1,091 
7,009 
8,  342 
1,504 
10,700 
1,714 

93,  451 
179,  445 
33,  121 
5,506 
66,  806 
30,  675 
127,  849 
53,685 
100,  45-1 
97,  810 
50,  547 

15,  827 
57,079 
6,  981 
54,  832 
41,8::o 
27,  698 
51,298 
01,  112 
13,  140 
5,  700 
20,888 

39,  360 

1,149 

231  497 

145,  561 
556,081 
344  890 

22,  721 
37,  910 
41,259 
14,210 
27,  092 
14,  507 
7,  950 
15,  438 
7,  383 
24,713 
275 
11,  389 
3,719 
9,522 
14,  302 
20,710 
15,  959 
479 
12,142 
1,708 
11,189 
44,  745 
17,  047 

1,  127,  725 
588,  305 
018,  121 
920,581 
K18,  508 
592,  073 
an,  841 
305,  850 
1,111,205 
448,  232 
211,275 
350,  835 
422,  822 
172,210 

470,  232 
016,  845 
125,  905 
229,  958 
572,  640 
920,  730 
1,  405,  040 
248,  295 

155 

60 

3,  838. 

200 

2,420 
140 

11,712 

2,024 

528,  380 
502,  340 
423,  278 
358  709 

0,716 
1,050 
23,910 

2,180 

680 

150 

10,  554 
23,332 
21,331 

179 
10,087 

1,  4GO 

17 

274  910 

184,  907 
572,022 
303,  608 

COO 

2,  459 

2,817 

10,  025 

382 

1,282 

V 

511  951 

080 
331,550 
1,000 

1,094 

11,  530 
470 
1,503 
44,  670 
20,  582 
30,  887 
400 
8,  G3'J 

12,  709 
940 
2,719 
9,380 
5,230 
7,  807 
3,  900 
3,210 

1,514 
844 
1,431 
27,  5«« 
3,  230 
7ii5 
3,610 
,      5,  235 

277  173 

69,  795 
899,  050 
378,  453 
459,  978 
38,  250 
158,  280 

3,090 
2,450 
149 

200 
100 

55 
8,399 

110 
24,  930 

8 

507  510 

3,000 
45 
1,  020 

330 

28,  947 
49,108 
5,052 

0,  498 
21,344 

1,820 

5,  913 
12,825 

11,814 

11,815 
8,162 

28,875 
98,  880 
38,  442 

120 
69 

820,  378 
174,  755 

1,011 
1,080 

130 

4,  000 

705 
14,  482 
1,395 
2,312 
25,  263 
9,  770 
12,  517 
C,  793 
14,  184 
4,  947 
22,294 
95 
14,051 
11,522 

332,  019 
306,  528 
459,  793 

175  047 

821   3  . 

190 
6,  102 
953 

1,908 

2,857 

2,  338 
4,  398 

4,  490 
4,  732 
427 
12,  570 
4,  3(14 
701 

0,111 
43,071 
5,107 
18,015 
68,  244 
20,374 

35 

30 
37 
38 
39  ^ 
40. 
41    ' 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46   - 
47 
48 

109,993 
388  715 

11,772 

6,484 

22,000 

309,  060 
814,  278 
537,210 
1,  322,  850 
108,  755 
913,835 
587,  124 
458,  307 
519  700 

200,700 
516  922 

134,  COO 

59,010 
4,  CSG 

700 
5,  115 

5,401 
3,417 

21,  198 
4,717 
142 
200 
141,  493 
195 
10,  843 
14,405 
2,735 
2,  593 

180 

509,  283 
550,  400 
41,390 
579,  050 
404,  f  53 
349,  087 
117,  827 
125,  070 
129,  4S8 



10 
100 

200 
750 
120 
C,  720 

22,  049 

2,  490 
21,491 

o  O-T; 
•>,  —  ••' 

7,213 

3,410 
16,  972 
OtX) 
14,239 

417 
13,  2;>0 
3,  700 
510 

31,633 
125,  735 
48,800 
48,707 

131,016 
1,000 

2,  704 

2,218 

217,897 
180,  483 

16 

551 

27  340 

5,592               3,401 
2,  221               3,  4G4 

2,  124 

990 

30,719 
20,686 

433 

847 

50 

415 

63  1,  525 

24,  546,  940 

32,  208 

30,  Ol)5 

10,853,745            89,377       0,331,257 

39,  940 

777,738           290,847           431,  148  i        294,055       2,060,981 

G8 


STATE   OF   LOUISIANA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

g 
3 
4 
5 
fi 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
IS 
16 
17 
18 
19 
SO 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 

»; 
27 
28 
99 
30 
31 
39 
33 
34 
::., 
3<i 
37 
38 

39 
40 

•11 
42 
43 
4-1 
45 
4(i 
47 
48 

COUNTIES. 

PHODUCED. 

Bui-ley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
valne  of. 

Vv'inc,  gallons  of. 

rb 

£    . 
S«g 

C     c, 
£    j= 

C  "3 

&  ;;_ 

o    o 

rt 
<; 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

a 

o 

t^ 

3} 

| 

& 

3 

^ 

P 

o 
> 
o 

O 

1 
,a 

•3  "S 

i 

d 

5 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

CO 

$15Q 

1,  053 
2,115 
2,259 
22,  000 
250 

840 
3,877 
92 
237 
2,006 

$150 
900 
1,950 

50 

ISO 

103,  022 
CO,  539 
2,  945 
2,  293 
127,417 
46,  725 
150  505 

C'tiddo 

15,  134 

75 
300 
24,  220 

2 

530 

28 

1 

Culdwcll  

25 
1,007 

i 

93 

2;» 

20 

50 

2,487 

1 

i.6 

1,073 

300 

250 

1,  300 

G2,  952 
67,915 

G5,  325 
54,  170 
25,  782 
17,  874 
87,  328 

1,710 

150 

De  Soto  

50 

30 

210 

475 

3,815 

1,150 

6,089 

140,  GOO 
950 

120 

C,  799 
3,  4GO 
9,  G70 
5G,  504 
82,  981 
0,045 

930 

3,  555 
3,  077 
80 
120 

120 

130 

500 

r,   C50 

205,  900 

Ouichita  

66 

100 

1,073 

33,  055 
3,550 

13,  8G5 

8,300 
7,830 

4,450 
45,  CG8 
7,030 

3,  568 
2,810 

I 

2,540 
102 

326 

80 

St.  Bernard.  .  ,   . 

St.  Charles  

5  77U 

4,075 
C85 

1,390 
36,  989 
10,310 
1,  000 
22,480 
48 

4,816 
233 
3  579 

St.  Helena  

1,303 

St.  John  Baptist  

12,000 

1  4')7 

1,551 

GO 

2,447 
q-j 

St.  Martin's..     . 

30 

2,  100 

S80 

St.  Mary'*  

5,  932 

258 

3,158 
300 
1,600 

8,100 
87,  230 
4,047 
62,  3G9 

7,530 

1,991 

Union  

'3 

\ 

Vermillion  

Washington  

" 

10 

1C,  396 
19,  340 

146 

Whin  

Total  

224 

ICO 

114,  339 

2,912 

413,169 

1,444,742 

6,153 

53,  721 

1 

700 

27 

STATE   OF   LOUISIANA. 


CO 


A  G  R I C  U  LT  U II E . 


PRODUCED.    t~^ 

•s 

• 
1 

U 

I 

"5 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 

23 
•34 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxi-eed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pouuds 
of. 

Maple  supar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  supar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

00 

U 

o 

i 
1 

Beeswnx,  ponnds  of. 

Honey,  pouuda  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  vulue  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

1 

I,  a 

0 

16,087 
17,7(17 
4,  445 
5,  477 

10,  176 

881,297 
1,230,584 
284,  424 
413,680 
734,  570 

$52,  073 
34.  203 
43,  486 

$720 
48,  301 

47,  383 
9,250 

305 
1,683 

3,  491 

11,  152 

1 

1 

2,013 

18,833 
100 
416 
526 
16,035 
5,  371) 
47.914 
16,595 
10,  878 

129,  IC8 

| 

2.  PIO 
16,  2K> 
190 
16,464 

27,  445 
50,  568 
9,702 
96,  155 
45.  784 
198,  504 
45,  273 
113,898 
50,410 
34,  881 
30,013 
48,315 
107,  080 

i                   | 

34 

2,810 

115 
47 
1,08) 
2,  340 

91 

49 

1,561 
348 
839 
40 

9,202 
600 
3,  UK) 

1,013 
5,  705 

61,800 
393,718 

1 

1  

10,  838 

214,982 

10 
1,919 

260 
33,  333 

200 
19.  158 

9,  467 
1,003 
14,  736 

3 

702,  300 
58,470 
1,001,210 
300 

189 

10 

1,207 
180 
160 

20,667 
20 

81,  599 
13,  553 
32  145 

63.  204 
70.  752 
19,675 
2,800 
16,  891 

119 
12 
SCO 
50 

2,  385 
45 
400 
COO 

12 

2,  050 

134,  000 

500 

12,  607 
12,  187 
12,  087 

819,600 
1,342,195 

854,  585 

ISO 
719 

275 
3,  307 
2,  170 

30,  951 

110.7H5 
48,  025 

3,  336 
3,  354 

7  067 

543  500    

5 
156 

35  000 

235.  600  J                9.157 
2,941                 45,072 

13  736 

1   193  160  '  

4,981 
3,  437 

462,  250 
339,010 
5°4  3°') 

80 
810 

1  ,  250 
8,715 

17,916 
10 

109,  055 
44,  1)55 

30,  731 

43,  3::o 

160 

200 

500 

40 
13,  "30 

C,  805 
6.  924 
3,  639 

15,  331      4- 
61,  191      43 
11,622  i  44 
49.  747      45 
20,000  '  4G 
40,  307      17 
31,126     •)3 

50 

17,  OSS 

1,  210,  603 



16,  149 

1,550 

3,  100 
280 

1 



s,  !59 
one 

6.  345 
6,  350 

1 

oo  i   70^ 

20,970 

255,  481 

5')2,100           2,095,330 

70 


STATE    OF   MAINE. 


A  G  R  1  C  U  L  T  U  R  E  , 


1 

g 
3 
4 
5 
6 

8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
1C 

COUNTIKS. 

ACRKS  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

1.1VF.  STOCK. 

5 
s 

c 

E. 
= 

1 

a 
o 

6, 
p, 

C 

DO 

Asses  mid  mules. 

Mileh  COWB. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

(£< 

0 

a: 

143,  iro 

124,117 
20!\  553 
191,762 
102,724 

285,  393 
74,  537 

119,034 

250,  040 

2-1:1,  380 

97,  «7-l 
70,  838 
201,2-15 
102,  237 
83,  728 
2-1:),  077 

89,  055 
320,  COO 
10?,  144 
17  1,  529, 
21-1,  730 
1C4,  flCO 
C8,  30-1 
102,  538 
314,  21G 
303,  830 
1  38,  047 
43,  728 
271,  CS3 
ICO,  SCO 
219,393 
201,  337 

$-1,  990,  007 
2,  217,  130 
9,  470,  503 
3,  043,  748 
3,  022,  700 
,    8,858,355 
2,  707,  250 
3,  900,  878 
5,015,751 
0,711,073 
1,701,327 
2,  487,  209 
5,  72D,  553 
4,  310,  490 
o  034  °  ",7 
10,737,023 

$180,428 
178,  182 
280,  129 
172,  525 
C8,  010 
373,  804 
133,  122 
13S,  030 
273,  5-18 
371,888 
100,  89C 
75,  131 
323,  943 
240,  002 
94,  590 
20.',  034 

3,120 
3,  03-1 
4,703 
3,080 
1,810 
0,817 
1,  531 
2,  135 
0,003 
C,  8-10 
2,  430 
1,288 
5,023 
4,  091 
1,780 
4,  S58 

1 
8 
55 
0 
0 
8 
1 
1 

4 

4 

3 
1 
2 
1 
3 

8,  105 
0,511 
13,  137 
7,315 
7,445 
14,  004 
4,800 
7,117 
13,531 
14,  031 
4,811 
3,710 
11,252 
9,  444 
6,300 
15,087 

4,410 
2,  490 
C,  508 
5,070 
3,  709 
7,  854 
2,  108 
4,  058 
8,241 
C,  913 
2,  488 
1,  958 
7,  4-19 
5,  084 
2,  377 
8,  8!)2 

7,721 
7,  150 
8,785 
10,  520 
5,  043 
13,  197 
4,  157 
C,  509 
18,715 
1-1,080 
0,  030 
3,  7_>8 
14,611 
9,  902 
5,  074 
13,  030 

15,  153 
18,043 
10,377 
48,  402 
20,  107 
43,  552 
12,  051 
15,  501 
42,  000 
40,017 
18,  03-1 
8,777 
70,  001 
34,  873 
13,581 
22,  075 

Oxford  

Waldo 

York 

Total  

2,  704,  133           3,023,538 

78,  688,  525  ,         3,  298,  327 

CO,  037 

104 

147,314 

70,  792 

149,  827 

452,  472 

COT:  NT  IKS. 


1  '  Aiitlroscoggin. 
i 

2  Aroostook  — 

3  j  Cumberland  .. 

4  !  Franklin 

5  Hancock 

C      Kenntbi-'C 

7  Knox 

8  I  Lincoln 

Oxford . . . 


Lfl 


Peuobscot  . . 
riwcutaquis- 


Ki      Somerset . 
Waldo  ... 


G 


Washington  . 
York... 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

<«' 

c 

,5 

o 
" 
rt 
K 

5 

K     o 

f 

^ 

(3 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

i^. 
»^ 

C     -^ 
^     3 

ti  ^ 

1    I 

« 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

*o 
I 

J= 
t 
A 

1    ° 

t, 

o 

O 

a 

I 

1    = 
Ji 

1 

O 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

19,  FIJI 

1,099 

$30,444  !                  23 

55,703 

590,  522 

250,  102 

.'A  428  '         1,109 

10  !         1,000 

10,471 

230,  442 

1,084 

2                       830 

407,  301 

22  210 

39,207  |            857 

55!) 

38 

30,  574 

1,001 

33,  57  1 

258 

30,  000 

1,002,512 

100.  040 

80,  473 

11 

83 

210 

30,  8-14 

4,848 

40,  OKI 

90 

3,  C23  '             5-10,  278 

130,  213 

CO,  703 

9,  284 

2,  802         11,  033 

32,  130 
151,540 

1,340 
4,  090 

7,  0-15 
77,  C54 

79 
502 

23,  193 
17,  201 

615,090 
1,  228,  721 

28,  438 
223,  055 

37,  189               250 
107,511  j            329 

74 
125 

252 
2,  382 

23,  430 

47,::!:; 

940 

78!) 

13,  288 

15,  705 

03 

212 

12,  128 
14,313 

491,  174 
599,  380 

61,451 

12,  4C8 

28,711 
40,  719 

2 
34 

33 
02 

o 

13,  338 

20,  133 

8-1,  -105 

420 

19,  530 

892,  441 

204,  328 

85,  8-14 

7,071 

1,707 

85,  220 

113,  01!) 
GO,  001 
18,  150 

33,  933 
7,582 
32 

33,  007 
JO,  735 
7,070 

785 

10,688 

1,  231,  COO 
381,  758 
'     208,  301 

133,  -177 
71,240 
0,  031 

91,  824 
32,  725 
28,  4  10 

330 
20,872 
5 

270 
79 
7 

715 
5i)0 
'fiO 

47 

C,  510 

132,910 

13,004 

42,880                     84 

S,  780 

832,  7-10 

214,  438 

88,  744 

1  ,  009 

301 

88 

51,220 
10,  889 
31,008 

7,837 
9,019 
720 

40,350  |                  22 
2,070                   119 
54,057  '                380 

15,  110 
7,034 
10,757 

807,  355 
502,  750 
1,  100,080 

5-1,  693 
3,  250 
124,  870 

05,  307 
33,  261 
83,501 

853 
1 
4 

143 

18 
23 

034 
39 
115 

802,  108 

239,  519           501,  707               3,  104 

111-1,006         11,087,781 

1,799  8!>2 

975,  803         48,  849 

0,  300 

102,  987 

STATE    OF    MAINE. 


71 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swiue. 

Live  Block,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

o 

S 

a 

CJ 

S 

p 
A 

I    o 

a 

|3 

K3 

a 

Oata,  bushels  of. 

c 

rr 
s 
s 
o 
p. 

8 
S 

o 

•/. 

c 
c" 

o 
<J 

rt 
"o 
H 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of4001bs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

2                  •= 
*  -S               I  * 

!-     i« 

_                                      0 

•O                                      ^ 

~                t 

i                    'J. 

1 

3 
4 

6 
7 
8 
9 
10 

11 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 

3,148 
4,  521 
5,  037 
2,  275 
2,  254 
5,  700 
1,640 
2,  314 
4,  8117 

4,0:0 

1,835 
1,  134 
3,  Wl 
3,  300 
S,  140 
6,  102 

. 
705,  138 
1,  170,445 
977,  136 
044,  310 
1,01)7,820 
440,117 
603,  855 
1,  458,  172 
1,005,051 
580,  041 
328,  162 
1,534,684 
073,  517 
580,  558 
1,  38(1,  a  IS 

9,  000 
SI,  703 
18,  884 
23;  04  4 
7,  030 
8,821 
3,  510 
1,302 
37,344 
23,  089 
5,046 
2,  047 
12,  863 
22,071 
15,  206 
10,500 

9,  754 
20,  714 
8,841 
4,513 
758 
0,720 
6,293 
3,770 
30,  571 
5,  6-10 
760 
1,728 
7,719 
3,  238 
776 
5,  448 

121,  WO 
3,203 
165,  875 
77,  000 
17,  453 
229,  400 
35,  402 
50,835 
187,  714 
121,  393 
45,  443 
27,  033 
100,  455 
94,781 
1,  048 
SO",  240 

141,326 
410,  783 
101,925 
217,  408 
53,  043 
240,  077 
29,765 
41,  002 
251,  453 
463,  080 
200,  835 
23,541 
404,  231 
282,  630 
40,  870 
77,304 

52,  403 
01,312 
55,  289 
165  950 

11,534 

18,  7CO 
16,  51  1 
12,  310 
9,  251 
22,481 

0,4-;  7 

7,  806 
18,107 
32,  680 
13,  803 
5,  000 
20,  OC3 
19,312 
4,810 
18,  003 

391,321 
411,630 
433,  655 
306,  251 
189,  101 
505,  304 
142,806 
ISO,  068 
701,022 
845,  625 
334,  009 
108,507 
637,  276 
40'.t,  012 
201,589 
437,841 

4 

80 
57 

134 

81,507 
140,  802 
4!  023 

64 

50 
58 
1 

48,050 
1-12,  770 
130,  45-1 
61,577 
S7,  009 
250,  436 
119,321 
. 
63,  453 

0 

62 

1,008 

38 

30 
30 
14 

1,284 

15 

54,  783 

15,  437,  533 

233,870 

123,287 

1,546,071 

2,  988,  939 

1,583 

* 

I,  403,  (.60 

240,  915 

6,  374,  017 

1,  435 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

o 

1 

"to 
c 

1 
2 
3 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 

t 

H  KM]'. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

•n 

a 

o 

1' 

a 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

to 

S  "= 
11 

Sorghum  molarses, 
gallons  of. 

lieeswax,  pounds  of. 

o 

Manuf;'.eturrs,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

•d                      ^ 

!u                       o 

c.    .                 ^ 

l|         | 
:            1 

43 

13 
49 

. 

2  331 

on 

606 
630 
13,  827 

232 
32 
443 
1,003 
559 
728 
107 
135 
939 
1,  499 
420 
43 
1,741 
465 
260 
158 

8,  275 
3,219 
12,941 
18,  282 
10,  !)86 
25,  036 
2,  479 
4,  275 
25,  840 
84,  849 
20,  123 
1,151 
47,  751 
28,  791 
8,421 
5,  OGO 

$12,  684 
45,  i-79 
20,  92G 
26,  039 
64,  346 
20,  491 
29,  916 
22,  796 
44,007 
44,007 
16,  037 
12,  604 
33,  340 
26,  909 
31.327 
25,  1G2 

; 
171,  176 
215,  007 
123,  801 
120,  388 
286,111 
102,592 
114,154 
218,  7f8 
301,  810 
88,  312 
58,  374 
204,561 
169,532 
107,888 
269,204 

795 

!                  21 

46 

20 

5,  393 
7,  695 
735 
3,341 
659 
1,044 
81,  923 
8,015 
5,  804 
251 
31,653 
11  314 

5 



.    .  .                  165 

30 

278 

01 
7 
154 

3 

3,947 
1,003 
1,083 

2 

50  ;                105 

813 

127  ;             2 

i:  d'n 

50 

1,081 

81 
701 

1 

4") 

1 

13,389    

50  !            a,  907 

419 

73 

300,  742 

8,769 

314,  685 

490,  786 

2,  780,  179 

l 

72 


STATE    OF   MARYLAND. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

g 

3 
4 
5 
C 
7 
8 
9 
10 
H 

ia 

13 
14 

15 
1C 
17 
18 
19 
80 
21 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

£ 

o 

QJ 

6 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

o; 

O 

O 

Asses  and  mules. 

Ulilch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cnttle. 

A 

£ 
€ 

ic8,  nes 

144,811 

200,  530 
81,331 
01,101 
170,  353 
111,  770 
ICG,  338 
110,443 
271,908 
139,  051 
110,057 
132,  814 
17(5,  7CO 
18S,  4C8 
153,  113 
114,  459 
118,873 
110,483 
190,  503 
15o,COD 

180,  817 
100,  950 
113,021 
55,  130 
31,000 
07,  145 
05,  420 
70,  0-11 
IV.,  482 
C7,  345 
80,  800 
51,  332 
3G,  G14 
114,814 
99,  235 
03,  718 
103,  002 
150,  322 
55,  074 
43,  037 
100,  479 

$3,  155,  503 
7,512,331 
22.  491,  197 
3,  407,  902 
1,222,085 
7,  507,  038 
8,108,950 
3,  230,  015 
3,  009,  040 
14,  127,925 
7,  133,  740 
4,514,048 
0,  877,  390 
5,  920,  318 
10,  421,  1C8 
5,  230,  080 
4,  395,  135 
4,026,241 
5,  774,  848 
11,95-1,803 
4,  200,  120 

$100,395 
189,  834 
455,  857 
01,  354 
30,  315 
271,805 
2H7,  988 
89,  009 
92,  423 
441,814 
208,  540 
139,  148 
132,  055 
314,708 
211,971 
140,  075 
109,  908 
91,795 
120,  950 
354,  938 
90,041 

3,  G90 
4,000 
7,  9-10 
2,321 
3,  133 
C,  124 
4,770 
2,  4-18 
2,8-11 
11,287 
4,  951 
2,902 
4,248 
5,587 
4,701 
4,079 
3,452 
2,185 
3,018 
8,037 
2,907 

10 
059 
950 
277 
164 
257 
338 
950 
147 
2l)i> 
357 
209 
434 
232 
1,  304 
880 
349 
484 
024 
133 
797 

5,828 
3,011 
9,  853 
1,818 
1,  229 
7,  059 
5,  908 
2,422 
3,  283 
11,180 
0,  107 
3,  100 
3,  00-1 
5,  203 
3,887 
3,830 
3,  4  17 
3,008 
3,  5G3 
0,841 
3,  873 

S-13 
2,008 
705 
2,  170 
558 
109 
1,  802 

2,  870 
135 
1,  797 
050 
1,  092 
900 
3,  41  1 
1,807 
3,  025 
2,  731 
1,  -155 
G 
3,519 

7,  002 
3,  545 
6.018 
2,  424 
1,  577 
4,  902 
7,  009 
4,  495 
0,  G7t 
10,  237 
7,  3-17 
2,  273 
5,  132 
5,  7cil 
4,  855 
5,  031 
4,  G73 
5,  890 
4,  254 
11.  121 
7,  948 

15,  479 
7,  207 
0,  193 
4,111 
1,218 
5,088 
6,  493 
5,  740 
0,540 
10,389 
6,305 
4,223 
7,563 
10,  487 
8,  828 
7,018 
5,  608 
7,  220 
7,  207 
10,400 
11,608 

Calvort  

Carroll 

Cecil 

Charles 

Harford 

Kent 

Tulbot 

3  00°  207 

1,833,304 

145,  973,  077 

4,  010,  529 

93,  400 

9,829 

99,  403 

34,  521 

119,  254 

155,  765 

AGRICULTURE. 


1 

«j 
3 

4 

6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

13 
14 
15 

in 

17 
18 
Ifl 
SO  ' 
SI 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

*o 

a 
o 

£ 

30 

.a 

£ 

1    o 

h 

o 
> 

o 

O 

"o 
fA 

2 
v7  .. 

1  ° 

1 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

2,809 

77,  350 

$14,  455 
14,  135 
25,  279 

177 
1,418 

10 

$6,  245 
218,080 
230,  305 

358,  572 
79,  504 
489,  817 
54  3°1 

•              3,  432 

12,  058 
1,743 
30,  104 
740 
1)3 
22,988 
18,003 
459 
234 
32,  078 
19,  284 
6,801 
3,311 
13,  107 
0,328 
1,152 
923 
40 
794 
21,352 
12 

67 
08 
852 
o 

72 

204 

Baltimore  

2,451 

23,  492 
15 
8 
17,  303 
30,  049 
122 
05 
2,  809 
39,  547 
4,441 
912 
6,800 
43 
2.'X) 
27 
327 
351 
2,  250 
41 

5G7 

250 

586 

20 

92 
198 

115 

40,  506 
503,  059 
409,  788 
48,006 
100,  024 
909,  797 
364,  811 
167,  124 
182,  410 
278,  141 
78,  029 
140,  005 
90,782 
104,  729 
120,202 
550,  898 
115,510 

05 
1,307 

5 

8 
2,  920 

7,  348 
5,004 
11 

390 
256 

134 
10 

Cecil  

20,  405 
3,  045 
4,872 
11,061 
8,201 
5,  507 
85,  227 
3,227 
5,  370 
1,807 
8,  300 
6,424 
(i,  199 
20,  G.-G 
302 

1,130 
1,300 
24 
585 
1,333 
5,  093 
120 
13,655 
30,  483 
1,680 
75 
6,416 
3,  755 
2,  507 
60 

Charles 

81 

G8 
0.340 
400 
60 
122 
125 
10 
80 
45 
50 
3,353 

94 
23 
315 
128 
203 
500 

30 
330 
200 
1,050 
70 

9,  031 
4,650 
1,341 
33 
3,  735 
58 
25 

470 
503 
119 
57 
175 

138 
088 
197 
50 
650 
8 
13 
211 
59 
151 
72 

Hurford  

Kent  

Saint  Mary's  

190 

Talbot 

111 
935 

60 
C,  300 

53 
422 

52 

Tutiil  ! 

1 

17,350 

212,  338 

252,  196 

3,  222 

530,  221 

5,  205,  295 

8,  342 

191,  744 

39,811 

3,195 

2,  843 

STATE    OF   MARYLAND. 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  valu£  of. 

c 

£ 

A 

"S 

i 

Eye,  bushels  of. 

f. 

1 

.3 

p"  <** 

o   o 
w 

a 
3 
•3 
q 

Oats,  bushels  nf. 

o 
»j 
•o 
o 
=3 
o 

B, 

0 

g 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

"Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush- 
els  of. 

s 

J3 

I    ° 
~r.  _; 

c    * 

Sweet  potatoes.  bush- 
cla  of. 

1 
3 
3 
4 
5 
6 

8 
9 
10 

' 
13 
1 
• 
16 
17 
18 
19 
i 
21 

9,  975 
16,402 
25,  2HO 
10,  479 
4,!I51 
23,  710 
10,968 
12,  828 
18,  749 
40,  548 
16,725 
15,626 
11,346 
22,  823 
25,  927 
14,818 
21,728 
19,236 
15,691 
29,  4->5 
20,461 

f5I3,281 
616,267 
1,303,873 

380,338 
155,  113 
784,  346 
877,  563 
439,  283 
458,  091 
1,534,048 
878,  736 
455,  964 
699,  502 
852,  767 
875,  317 
627,  447 
546,  046 
46li,  892 
601,861 
l.()5i;,  125 
544,  993 

87,715 

221,  389 
286,  351 
117,  119 
57,  344 
323,  996 
326,  6157 
151,532 
218,  422 
<F,f\  143 
224,808 
151,  956 
312,  101 
341,087 
312,  796 
291,  656 
296,  703 
138,  404 
343,514 
882,  814 
40.  963 

73,  221 
8,  150 
59,  831 
1,420 

11,276 
63,  6-,".) 

4.:ioi 
2,  127 
3,106 
94,  251 
13,  183 
21,  573 
1,236 
27,  036 
24,  234 
29,  941 
165 
220 
1,708 
77,  9!)3 
294 

101,  075 
630,243 

1,  (K.V,  1  13 
272,  084 
247,  455 
588,  725 
788,  044 
319,  272 
687,  324 
1,082,903 
735,  573 
425,  727 
888,  900 
686,  843 
699,  144 
876,  405 
4:)7,  366 
006,  733 
679,  571 
669,  322 
934,  070 

136,  638 
64,  612 
372,  268 
38,  732 
36,  227 
346,  901 
504,  058 
53,  171 
43,002 
272,  082 
330,355 
164,  193 
COS,  330 
222,  674 
9,J,  073 
167,155 
79,  202 
134,274 
47,418 
175,415 
109,  488 

2  000 

a'),  315 
25,  431 
11,028 
14,  357 
3,405 
13,  295 
24,  460 
14,  843 
16,  842 
31,650 
18,509 
15,377 
28,080 

aj,  074 

27,  008 
31,  091 
18,  232 

19    l('l 

246 
14,  173 
3,  352 
787 
108 
771 
32  1 
655 
1,118 
326 
1,  524 
659 
1,953 
1,019 
1,  567 
6:15 
1,  141 
2,  422 
114 
47 
1,464 

107,  148 
33,  689 
132,  355 
9,531 
19,  320 
71.925 
107,  050 
1  1  ,  7(« 
41,458 
94,  043 
105,  759 
59,  440 
52,741 
109,  745 
2!>,  974 
44,010 
26,  178 
31,037 
55,  730 
65,816 
54,  476 

25 
Wit 
2,329 
4,892 
15,  343 
1,832 
2,708 
3,  092 
35,  2tt> 
1,339 
1,286 
94 
3,  824 
360 
902 
12,  292 
8,  906 
76,  430 
20,  940 
550 
44,286 

6,039,910 
8,545 
6,  204,  524 

008,  454 

4,  693,  961 

387,100 

400,266 

843,  300 
13,  440,  550 

5,  774,  975 
260 
1,100 
50 

47,  133 
23,  727 

387,  756  1       14,  667,  853 

6,  103,  480 

518,901  j       13,444,922 

3,  959,  298 

38  410  965 

491,511  i          31,407        1,204,429 

236,  740 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

c 

B 
Z 

t 

If* 
j? 

< 

1 
8 
3 

4 
5 
6 

8 
9 
10 

11 
12 
13 
1» 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
1 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxgeed,  busbels  of. 

Silk  cocoon*,  pounds 
of. 

^ 

1 

L.' 

ti    o 
p 

• 

_o 
r^ 

Cano  sugar,  nhdu.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Sorghum  molaspey, 
gallons  of. 

Maple  molasses,  gul- 
IOIIH  of. 

*o 

Q 
O, 
M 

V 

a 

-T. 

Q 

C 

o, 

j? 

Manufactures,  borne- 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

1 
a 

If 

0 

ft 

5 

1,814 

770 

G3  281 

2,273 

73(5 

23,  159 

1   4IHI 

$9,  178 

$88,  90S 
108,  863 
179,  136 
62,  216 
36,206 
178,897 
142,  497 
84,938 
118,361 
281,467 
169,  133 
91,205 
107,  557 
194,  186 
90,  603 
130,  775 
133,846 
154.082 
12i,  946 
207,  034 
138,654 

70 

107 

3 

45 

16 

55 
470 
94 
271 
573 
209 
3(10 
133 
417 
568 
25 
11 
395 
988 
290 
700 
381 

3,  158 
5,  897 
1,485 
•1.  C  3 
1,728 
3,634 
11,  !>•.'-.' 
4.  563 
8,518 
3,  024 

53,003 
1,440 
1,440 
1,6  5 
16,3  '7 
7,   It  : 

11,510 

Hi,  4M> 

190 
1.717 
10 
1,066 
2:,8 
10,108 
1,  816 
1,  478 
1,174 
707 
112 
12,  455 

4 

79 

969 

190 

862 

14 
369 
8 

5 

21 
21 

10 

1 

41 
.    40 

20 
1,450 

> 

C9 

40 
100 
1,845 

MO 

4 
1 
152 

5,  989 
7,084 
153 
140 

13,  338  ; 

2 

1 
3 

50 

100  :            7,243              331 

: 

18 

234  1           14,481           1,570 

3 

03,  '.$1 

907  1            2,404 

6,960 

193,354 

07,003  \        2,821,510 

10 

74 


STATE    OF    MASSACHUSETTS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

o 
3 
4 
5 
C 
7 
8 
9 

! 
11 

12 

13 

14 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Casll  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  fanm. 

s 

t. 
o 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

d 
o 

o 

a 
6 

ci, 

t 
w 

34,  330 
300,  409 
85,  804 
22,033 

141,  405 

23-1,  723 
190,706 

222,  4-18 
248,  727 
C,  730 
82,  054 
95,  CC9 
3,27!) 
487,  073 

45,  730 
140,  180 
107,  237 
II,  430 
43,104 
1  14,  882 
114,  .339 
CO,  C59 
135,042 
0,  382 
77,  0-15 
114,050 
237 
223,  083 

S2,  129,  15G 
0,  913,  857 
C,  883,  141 
C09,  790 
10,  330,  505 
7,  509,  223 
7.  402,  883 
7,  730,  101 
21.  390,  129 
Ififl,  548 
15,  539,  043 
7,  020,  046 
754,  COO 
22,  210,  207 

£85,095 
330,  891 
222,884 
15,  118 
341,384 
234,  427 
206,  101 
2%,  214 
895,  059 
12,015 
270,  108 
185,  078 
10,710 
717,  914 

1,003 
5,  154 
2,035 
274 
3,  270 
3.  !!84 
3,  503 
4,005 
7,500 
178 
3,  579 
3,015 
135 
9,  305 

5 
01 

0 

2,  101 
17,  B78 
0,771 
048 
10,  465 
9,  349 
10,000 
9,558 
30,  11'.) 
531 
7,912 
6,405 
274 
32,  301 

537 
3,241 
2,317 
204 
3,580 
4,000 
3,610 
2,918 
4,  032 
30 
1,529 
2,  109 
04 
.  !l,  918 

1,928 
13,513 
3,  433 
810. 
4,314 
12,  898 
9,059 
11,110 
9,  009 
258 
2,381 
3,  544 
124 
21,  212 

1,400 
41,316 

3,  133 

C,  944 
1,  805 
24,  030 
8,401 
15,5-11 
1,007 
1,077 
318 
2,  947 
7 
(i,  72  1 

Bristol  

Essex  . 

5 

Ilampden  

Hampshire  

11 

Norfolk 

9 
3 

Suffolk  

12 

Total 

2,  155,  512 

1,183,212 

123,  255,  948 

3,  894,  998 

47,780  |                    108 

141,492  :           38,221 

1)7,201 

114,  829 

AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 

4 
5 

6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
11 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-Fardel!  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

"8 

n 
o 

a 

0 

43 

Z.    ° 

0 
O 

3 

" 

5 

1  ° 

2 

o 

o 

a 
s 

g 
o 

3,784 
D,  074 
7,  548 
83 
20  700 

195 
42,  073 
244 
10 
258 
5,  337 
31,271 
10,  050 
3,7(17 

$2,  097 
27,  174 
17,  812 
359 
121,  S80 
47,  050 
32,  520 
44,  159 
333,  055 
30 
Kl,  335 
13     SI 
10,  925 
1  '.)(),  452 

279 
002 

4G5 

$11,851 
10,507 
39,  145 
15 
173,  648 
1,177 
31,  252 
4,125 
798,  201 
5,283 
210,501 
33.  944 
27,  935 
43,919 

99,  923 
1,  301,  700 
233,  207 
23,  770 
440,  330 
931,  539 
7S9,  803 
1,  104,  700 
812,  737 
23  707 

5,027 
2,  1(17,  812 
44,  371 
1,810 
50,  032 
230,054 
421,  992 
318,  113 
49,  424 

11,521 

83,  875 
28,  897 
2,  520 
50,363 
58,  905 
47,  84G 
54,  752 
97,  359 
2  440 

20 

103 
191 

88 
318 
8 
109 
107 
40 

183 

410 

25,845 

Dukes. 

1,  090 
721 
1.5CO 
390 
3,459 

317 
72 
084 
150 
1,855 

3,  2  40 
1,578 
1,858 
17,  992 
810 
12,  062 
5,461 
854 
40,781 

19,  470 
1(34 

38,  396 

Norfolk 

319 

110 

1,083 
12 
124 

10,404 

21)5,  027 
348,  802 
2.  181 
1,  770,  372 

20,  019 
08,  989 

38,  430 
31,140 
2  839 

20 
45 

3 

38 
68 

27,317 

3 

Suffolk 

28,  902 

1,  902,  517 

14P,  :!84               2G8 

1,088 

134,891 

123,  202 

925,51!)             20,915            1,397,023 

8,  297,  Oi;0 

5,294,090           005.  3:11            1.29:1           4,852       li:,.>l 

STATE    OF    MASSACHUSETTS. 


7.5 


AGRICUl/rUKK. 


LIVE 

STUCK. 

] 

•KIIDI  i  1:1 

Swiue. 

o 

g 

3 

ji 
I 

g 

a 

"o 

"o 

5 
I 
f 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

•3 
a 
a 

6 

a 

'•3 

a 

M 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Kice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  <>f. 

Ginned  cotton,  bulcs 
of  400  lb».  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush- 
vis  of. 

1 

li 
1* 

Swet't  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

$219,  777 

1,514 

10,  174 

51,531 

8,907 

2,988 

1,702 

33  195 

10 

7  554 

1  031  885 

12  37° 

51  858 

170  292 

350  475 

3  025 

147    I'HI 

3  3°° 

3GG  GOO 

5  5°9 

C17  ')"7 

889 

11  850 

54  533 

1  °5G 

1G7  079 

74  143 

25 

1    ID 

10  8°4 

3  981 

19  285 

36 

1°  4°0 

5  787 

850  145 

2  Oil 

13,  199 

153  ii;>' 

39,  709 

1  025 

4  100 

5  525 

24(»  IPS 

1   173  401 

25  OSJI 

4:)  743 

217  071 

104,020 

880  501 

7:  1  275 

1  9G2 

219  793 

4    L'l'.l 

9115  100 

0  181 

73,  405 

175  317 

102,  779 

1   180  253 

23  786 

2  143 

271  050 

7 

5  453 

1  ci.- 

12  390 

301  280 

73,371 

1  104  944 

58  500 

2  49G 

°59  °70 

100 

g 

11   HOI 

1  834  440 

9  813 

42,  900 

329  790 

107,  442 

10 

3  314 

10  953 

554  85G 

392 

43  358 

149 

182 

8  709 

1  005 

2  957 

1°9 

5  079 

50 

(1  713 

784  707 

1  338 

15  320 

67  430 

18  948 

60 

4  G17 

Hi4  7°G 

4  344 

632  810 

1  207 

13  753 

95  520 

24  957 

10  03° 

14°  809 

31,  125 

4 

2,  "123 

3,  295 

1  55 

35 

596 

7  G.55 

1? 

14,518 

4(1,710 

37,  F23 

424,  927 

280,  787 

2  100 

9  45G 

750  580 

190 

; 

73,948 

12,737,744 

119,783 

388,085 

2,  157,  003 

1,180,075 

3,  233,  198 

377,  2G7 

45,  24G 

3,201,901 

GIG 

A  fl  II I  C  U  L  T  U  It  E  . 


rnoDi:ci-:n. 


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Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxsccd,  bushels 

Silk  cocoons,  poui 
of. 

3 

'      1'^ 

O 

n* 

Cane  supar,  hhds 
1,000  pmuds. 

ll        11         ^ 

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70 

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8  585 

1  301; 

197  747 

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1  575                                       H'1 

2  319 

32  514 

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• 

7(3 


STATE    OF   MICHIGAN. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
!l 
10 
11 
12 
i:t 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
30 

•<: 

.... 

•-•: 
••i 

26 
87 

•-• 
29 
30 
31 
32 
.-;; 
::: 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
48 
43 
44 
: 
46 
47 
48 
49 
.. 
-., 
..-.' 
5; 
54 
.,, 
56 
57 
58 
59 
.  i 
i 
02 

\ 
COUNTIES. 

'. 
ACRES  OF  I,AXI> 

Cash  valiu1  of  fnrmp. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

I.IVK  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

I 
t~ 

o 

c, 
£ 

^a 

c 

c 

1 

<^ 

Milch  cows. 

"Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

| 

BQ 

02,  147 

111,700         $3,220,500 

$143,070                   1,949 

17 

4,220 

2,  310 

4,796 

9,830 

AlpCDft* 

73,  5<!3 
2.  507 
75.  11:1 
107,  671 
1'I5  511 

69,  480 
5,  643 
102,543 
103,  884 
144,302 
100,  829 
2,  360 
0,  :JOO 
122,  779 
1,722 
02,  880 
0,  339 
88,017 

2.  825,  235 
134.110 
4,  730.  'J76 
5,  118,105 
7,  529,  957 
5,351,411 
12,787 
70,  530 
3,  580,  940 
12,  170 

3,  385,  era 

21,290 
4,  509,  410 

113,888 
8,110 
135,  847 
134,  353 

331.  176 
154,  049 
038 

121    553 

125,  204 
953 

170,  751 

2,171 
101 
3,  591 
4,  804 
0,  534 
4,  C49 
35 
59 
2,04.1- 
40 
2,626 
90 
4,  329 

23 

3,  523 
206 
4.  347 
C,  1  10 
8,  365 
4,916 
36 
06 
S,  874 
44 
4,  824 
23 
5,  289 

100 
1,  604 
1,687 
3,  041 
1,316 

46 
2,  576 
60 
1,800 
13 
1,  950 

5,199 
250 
5,  756 
8,  320 
30,297 
C,  084 

67 

55 
7,  830 
40 

7,  961 

22,  305 
45 
8,  736 
37,  079 
90,  (!87 
23,100 
14 
18 
18,111 
11 
26,  966 
3 
4P,  857 

Bay 

19 

3 
13 
9 

Branch 

.114,7:;.-) 

1.479 
8U,  548 
4.-)7 
72  207 

Clinton  

2 

Delta  

Eaton  

608 
94,  4.51 

o 

Gladwin*  

2,  112 
8,882 
162,  872 
1,55] 

:i.  595 

7(J,  790 
111,  144 

7.802 
34,  972 
143,055 
16,281 
16,707 
ill),  000 
105,  J'.<8 

07,  230 
324,  237 

7,282,  17J 
100,  04(1 
124,  200 
3,  500,  344 
3.  891,  900 

2,  SCO 
11,312 

274,  077 
2,  170 
400 

117,707 
103,  595 

4!) 
175 
C,  247 
07 
70 
2,  035 
3,  078 

9 

99 

702 
8,  934 
23 
244 
4,  208 
5,  031 

374 
538 
2,770 
31 
284 
1,  922 
2,  399 

125 
650 
11,020 
76 
279 
5,  929 
0,487 

002 
07,  043 

Ilillisdiihi  

3 

3 

0 

41 
33,  257 
24,  866 

lOFCO*    

Isabt-lla  

2,  009 
210,  21  1 
153,  923 
1S5,  529 
84,  Wi7 
1,373 
197,  07.') 

12,123 
1511,  183 
120,  6CO 
153,  339 
89.  940 
8.  306 
147,205 
123,  090 
104,015 
350 

U8,  100 
8,  492,  459 
8,  137,  308 
6,  552,  452 
3,  280,  909 
05,011 
9,  350,  7% 
4,  604,  860 
0,  307,  273 
0,  000 

5,  726 
251,  938 
265,  100 
200,  544 
108,  860 
3,  205 
32'.l,  394 
101,403 
290,  594 
3,  180 

10 
0.  519 
5,  408 
3.  888 
3,  343 
34 
9,  542 
4,189 
6,883 
13 

111 
7,  803 
0,  331 
.  0,  943 
4,211 
53 
11,235 
5,  920 
7,  401 
1C 

131 
3,  282 
1,  506 
3,  033 
1,  637 
09 
2.247 
2,271 
1,219 
20 

183 
9,  879 
7,  892 
7,  !;70 
5,  :;o3 
47 
17,  995 
7,919 
8,  280 
35 

75 
107,  3.10 
50,  058 
22.  780 
27,141 
10 
89,  929 
50,  290 
49,  355 
40 

14 

18 
3 

Kent  ... 

14 
20 
5 

130,056 
320 

Manitou  

Mauisti'e  *   

Marquette.  

682 
Kill 
1)08 
646 
1,806 
93,  377 
14,  209 
4.  i:.v.i 
(i,  229 
304,509 
2,  !'!'7 
2,  845 
220 
37,  574 

1,573 
760 
3,915 

2,  323 
(i.  245 
107,  650 
SO,  159 
19,  893 
10,  107 
192,  025 
35,  808 
20,451 
815 
CO,  290 

64.  085 
8,050 
29,  400 
10,350 
95,  700 
4,  026,  1105 
517,  230 
240.  380 
129,000 
13,  624,758 
227,  770 
103,  950 
5,  200 
3,724.415 

1,625 

3  ,  825 
710 
155 
3,  509 
158,  638 
22.  H53 
7,606 
6,  21i3 
473,464 
3,  003 
7,530 

30 
4 
23 
23 
46 
6,111 
309 
89 
97 

12,  c:;8 

86 
55 
9 

3,  172 

27 
13 

07 
50 
149 
0,  749 
080 
344 
202 
14,  303 
153 
06 
8 
2,914 

15 
14 

39 
10 

336 
1,512 
412 
238 
144 
3,  130 
231 
03 
8 
1,  3C8 

20 
02 
48 
309 
9,  464 
759 
346 
190 
17,  148 
108 
26 
9 
3,  B01 

13 

Mk'hilimackinac  

Midland   .. 

1 

39 
2 

27 
20,  921 

140 
203 
137,  382 
11 
1 

Mugkegon  

Neway^'o  

Oakland  . 

42 

4 

Osceohl  

Ottawa 

57  992 

7 

3  222 

Presque  I*It;  *  

18,  108 
3,>,  157 
16,  005 
71) 
46,  27ti 
156.  170 
19,035 
c:;.  ODD 
251.  104 
128,496 

43,  206 

48,  7,-'5 

30,  i:;2 

!I73 
69,472 

311,015 
100,  292 
76,270 
151.  iHI 
113,094 

666,827 

1,659,  143 
422  790 
42.  000 
2.1185,409 
0,  052,  824 
1.015,316 
3,05! 
12,234,670 
9,  244,  897 

55,015 
02,540 
15,5(71 
130 
f  8.  493 
249,  966 
19,881 
107.041 

446,  -i::s 

318,  C,'.'.f 

740 
1,883 
012 

1 
9 

1,684 
2,117 
1,040 
5 
3.111 
(i,  099 
1.  380 
3,  133 
11,  845 
9,265 

878 
543 
OC9 

3,441 
1,  258 
1,  OC2 
1,614 

3.  IJ30 
1,180 

2,015 
2,  523 
1,  132 
7 
4,413 
7,  9-:8 
1,  450 
3,  «M 
15,  CS2 
11,079 

1,601 

7,  f  02 
1,707 

Similar  

Schoolrnil't  

1,  670 

5,  :•:::; 

412 
2.  133 
9,787 

1 
B4 

21.344 

28,  640 
745 

7,  ::,>• 

371,529 
35,743 

Tu.scola  

4 

NYa-lilriiaw  
Wavne  

Total 

3,4:i;.2%           3,554,538        10:i,  KiO,  495 

5,  819,  £33 

130,917 

330 

179,  543 

61,686 

238,615 

1,271,743 

No  return. 


STATE    OF    MICHIGAN 


77 


A  G  R I C  U  L  T  U  R  E . 


1,1  VK  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

c 

a 

1 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Whent.  bushels  of. 

I5yo.  bnfhels  of. 

& 
.a 
•z 

§  "S 
o 

a 

5 

o 

^ 

-j~ 

rt 
C 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

« 

Tobneco,  ponmU  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bak-s 
of  400  Ibs.  cadi. 

i 

| 
1 

K 

Fensand  beam,  bush- 
eld  of. 

I   ° 

D. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 

:i 

4 
5 

r, 

7 
R 
!> 
10 
11 
12 
1:1 

14 
15 

10 
17 
18 
10 
20 
21 
22 
23 
21 
o-, 

2(i 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 

32 

33 
3! 
35 
3(1 
37 
38 
311 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
4.r) 
4G 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 

•'•" 
53 
54 
55 
5(» 
57 
58 
59 
GO 
61 
62 

1 

10,  202 

$497,  907 

149,518 

13,051 

264,  991 

41,  :98 

G55 

2G  0.1.1 

1,513  :         107,939 

'  , 

8,  072 
207 

14,  6C>4 
20.  24!) 
18,  20G 
1'J,  095 
101 
45 
SI,  .135 
143 
9,  584 
27(1 
9,  G38 

461,854 
21,993 

5C6,  099 
797.  086 
1,232,006 
G(15,  143 
5,  UNI 
!).  294 
505,  6.17 
,1,  SIX) 
547,  088 
6,491 
68G,  872 

229,1.1!) 
4,090 
281,739 
292,  7(17 
G98,  450 
422,  481 
113 
50 
152,  G9G 
65 
81,  508 

JOO 
1.18,  OG3 

'.<   90S 

1,670 
1,716 

10,  222 
12,  782 
3,276 
64 

240 
5,750 

235,  305 
4,  71)5 
450,  521 
5-1G,  4G7 
GKi,  252 
C8.1,  842 
319 

64,812 
3  0(11 

Gl  283 

1,  799 
47 
058 
2,  243 

80,807 
0.  (17  1 
117,549 
212,001 

150 

691 

77,642 

18G.49G 
124,  871 
1,792 
4,283 

. 
2,  370 
76,751 
1,792 

15(1,  1(1.1 

115 

5,  825 

2(1  7-19 
100  391 

299  OG1 

3.  728 
1,  108 
31.1 
650 
2,  300 
43- 
2,  83') 
4(1 
9,841 

214,835 

132,  8(1.1 
4  5'I7 

1 

2,841 

4:50 

2,  GG2 

68,  922 

9  760    

1GO,  449 
220 
1G7,  021 
1  ,  99G 
233,  938 

8 

49,  817 

59,  GG2 
5.G80 
Go.  052 
7,  090 
99,  5X1 

7,232 
1.1 
11,833 

42 

2,  510 

91  082 

114 

138,  085 

212 

2711 
1,258 
1(1,0:10 
13 
153 
fi.  !i7:l 
7..1IJ1 

22,  107 
50,  29!) 
1,  102.  582 
9,  990 
27,  91G 
521.  342 
GOO,  419 

5.  531 
14,354 

371,358 
100 
G,  243 
159,  080 
238,  480 

430 
800 
23,  509 
20 
957 
7,433 
13,  537 

17,937 

809,  4C8 

4,  270 
9,  179 
11G,  007 
4,  030 
5,  50  1 
101,  233 
100,  487 

95 

5 
5,  4  1:1 

G  91.1 

j 

1,  7(1(1 
21.1,  371 

8,  005 
209,  322 
0,  830 
13,  .190 
82,  121 
G9,  037 

120 

Jl,7oo 

G5 

2,  92G 
229,  354 
155,  171 

90 

3.  4.19 
2,  495 

40 
30,  781 
31 



150 

86.  525 
0(1  410 

273 
12,951 

14,11!  12 
12,  H77 
5,  510 
205 
24,  702 
8.1)10 
9,  9711 
20 

11,451 

1,277,  G  15 
996,  858 
755,719 
5G3,  103 
7,  140 
1,  .11  7,  422 
775,  233 
90R,  351 
2,411 

2,155 
6G2,  404 
594,  507 
2!  12,  594 
1GO,  G24 
1,237 
423,  643 
277,147 
74,  826 
200 

685 

19,  56.1 
4,  198 
35,  591 
18,  50G 
618 
22,892 
40.  1G2 
24,  953 

1,  777 
C12,  499 
585,  19.1 
230,715 
178,712 
5,417 
1,213,311 
207,  130 
3  27,  007 
200 

075 

150,  308 
151,317 
130  322 

102 
GIX) 
7,  ("71 
UK) 

143 

350,  99!) 
188,  890 
70.  070 
87,212 
30 
280.  047 
17(1,  007 
177,  94  1 
50 

G3 
2  7'2 
1,  138 
1,703 
J3,  409 
55 
7.  053 
4,311 
17,5:5 

2.  078 
21.1,04(1 
138,785 
130,  (174 
10!),  380 
10,748 
29.1,  823 
161,538 
207,  880 
930 

20 

251 

CG 
3:1 

115,  382 

1,780 
198,  B01 
109,  087 
320,  38i 
1,  030 

25  GO*' 

650 
10 
52.1 

1,  150 
5  98° 

G 
55 
'.II 
60 
302 
12,  234 
1,  180 
77'.) 
562 
20,  389 
602 
140 
27 

fi,  :w  a 

5,951 
1,  300 
5,  252 
3,  170 
il.  on:, 
722,  867 
72,  77(1 
29,551 
19,  103 
2,  03(1,  :W9 
23,810 
19,  971 
1,  370 
211,337 

30 

27 
406 

10 
1,  500 
8C7 

10 
4,  485 
499.  034 
20,  327 

7,  044 
7.  1011 
874,  701 
1(1,  258 

2  997 

11 

10,  S92 
870 
1,983 

1,582 
4  734 

235 

1,  332 

0 

1,217 

1.12.    l!'l 

35,  8G! 
5  253 
G.  906 
54-1,  G28 
1,983 
20 
1  .1.1 
01,583 

31 

2,  05.' 
001 
623 
110,90! 

10,41! 
2.  -19 
2.  28 
470,  71.) 
1,077 
1,  99 
50 
47,  47 

3.1 

75 

7;<7 
9.  •-".  f 
2,  3d 
1,39! 
8,  191 
90,810 
514 

154 

2,  09.1 

G7,  207 
5,875 
433 
347 
423,  258 

5,319 
194 

100 

233,  524 
12,  473 
5,  .155 
5.  832 
515,  249 

188 

125 

27  82° 

1C,  '.191 

133 

10 

4 

18,  930 
225 
50,  028 

15,204 

93,  303 

70 

8,  302 

7C9 

2,  GU7 
2,  387 
1,217 

124,572 

213,811 
54,365 
400 

3(14.  8:t!) 
902,544 

132.311 
391,851 

2,017,341 

1,  i:i7.9.V; 

32,  599 
31.104 

2-1,  !18 

13,246 

13,  4.10 
310 

5(1.  .112 
81,475 

9,  19T 

0 

99.  057 
913,311 

338,  118 
819,335 
519,435 

•12,  13 
81,71 
45,  5.1 
g 
40,  Gl 
69,  30 
21,68 
55,  It- 
313,  23 
258,  935 

3.  000 

22  GI8 

775 

42,120 

1,1,  130 
8.  179 
4 
1,894 
902 
1,521 
947 
10,019 
15,  12.1 

105,  203 
2!),  757 

4,  77o 

1 

320 
55,034 

273.  07  1 
29,  195 
95,272 

32G.  3.1-1 
5tHl.  909 

4 
432 

:..  G45 
21,  H." 
2.  4-1! 
(1,  117.1 
20,641 
17,  007 

105,601 
599,725 
26,883 
188,442 
68G,  803 
70,021 

8.  129 

3.  179 
22.  194 
23.  KOt 

50,504 

98.  472 
1,  9.1(1 
21,829 
583,  72-1 
104,251 

•  >  ?.<>  i 

50 

231 
578 

1(17 

°0  040 

2  0-12 

372.  38( 

23,714,771 

8,  33G,  308 

514,  129 

12,  444.  G7( 

4,  03G,  980 

7:  :         121,  ()'j9 

10.1.  128 

.-,,2,11,24.1 

38,  402 

78 


STATE    OF    MICHIGAN 


A  G  R I  C  LT  L  T  U  11 E  . 


corxTirs. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley.  bnshc-U  of. 

2 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

c 

•     a   o 

sj,  ^ 
•£   - 

limter,  pounds  <  •!'. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

-rj 

g 

^ 

5 

3 

1 

5 

3 

O 

Di 

.    X 

| 

Allegan 

2,  G5G 

0,  7U-1 

$12,  288 

4 

$4,  844 

328,  882 

31,172 

1C,  244 

65               159 

14 

AIpcun 

liarrv  

3;58L 
25 
1,680 
5,  3G'J 

20,  287 
4,  108 
150 

200 
4,  C01 
lou 
8,788 

7,  025 
834 
3,733 
17,410 
8,041 
C,C4S 

10,  488 

804 

5,  530 
200 
4,615 
950 
18,  41)5 
537 

322,  114 
9,  015 
324,  100 
389,511 
801,255 
325,  480 
1,  950 
3,110 
413,  854 
640 
43!),  045 
187 
408,218 

24,  000 
1,040 
30,587 
50,  141 
07,  249 
24,  023 

17,  734 
2,  357 
13,  000 
22,  359 
42,  833 
15,  008 
113 
070 
19,315 
293 
17,244 
48 

20,  7;'J 

290  j            203 

233 

Bay  

75,  737 
33,  401 
81,376 
07,214 

1,  230 
195 
1,195 
201 

952 
2,031 
0,  1:1:1 
1,671 

130 
152 
2C5 
212 
o 

92 
12 
471 
5,  22  1 

100 

C,  UO 

7,  042 

829 

78,301 

3,101 

217 
C 
17! 

45 

Delta  

7,  345 

36 

9,  O7u 

14,583 
125 

13,257 

105 

3:37 
150 
11,  040 

73,  514 

285 

264 

Emmet 

25,  341 

UO 

53,  356 

025 

238 

49 

28 

391 
0,477 

1C9 
913 

'    40,  789 

40 

9,290 
53,  405 
891,322 

09 
1,310 
32,  051 

025 
650 
18,010 
If,  539 

3 
34 

150 

ftnuiot  

1,405 
109,041 

Hillsdale 

C3,  523 

855 

831 

2,305 

833 

57 
4,  350 

4,800 

100 
5,  3:)5 

2uO 

1,550 
3U4,  991 
447,  359 

| 

9,410 

G,  483 

18,820 
12,  Old 

29 
19 

33,  950 

49,  821 

415 

9.18 

122 
300 

1,854 

9 

28 
37,  152 
1(J,  304 
3,031 

10,  520 
3 
38,  323 

SI,  869 
12,  2iy 

139 

30,195 
3,772 

7,  333 
13,  :i;:2 

gig 

40,  7:;:! 
17,001 

30,  750 

1,329 

1,254 
7,  320 
14,  105 
249 

2,  043 
050,  720 
583,  119 
040,  003 
438,  314 
2,  405 
973,  588 
432,  190 
049,  864 
750 

200 
56,  521 
67,  3i8 
47,  984 
42,  030 

184 

51,  015 
27,  110 
32,  809 
14,  987 
155 
47,  390 
31,  i:» 
18,710 
28 

1 

3,280 

2,  8JO 

055 

17 
185 
290 

297 
185 
3 
4-10 
231 
305 

65,  274 
47,  381 
21,256 

10,  502 

400 
CC1 

3J5 

184 

08 
C,  588 
8,  599 
80 

Kent 

81,881 
19,  072 
25,  721 

927 
58 
250 

4,  283 
520 
8,  910 

118,  590 
30,  143 
02,  529 

2,000 
3,  500 
413 

14,858 
3,  900 
0,  329 

1,089 

OIC 
805 
3,  050 
050 
8,830 
51  1,  1,'7 
55,  315 
28,  095 
13,  535 
1,  300,  200 
11,  451 
900 

351 
16 

105 
200 
292 
32,  190 
1,  932 
984 
5!  13 
58,  855 
189 
1  070 

' 

5 

47 
CO 
C21 
22,  531 

213 
75 

18 
48,  056 
27 

r> 

81 

4-1 
i) 

350 
37,534 
7« 
250 
108 
07,  430 
495 

125 

30 

Midland  .  .  - 

2,350 
1,417 
4 
32 

34,134 
878 
10 

GUI 
11 
3 

74,  090 
4,917 
1,735 

1,  020 

302 

30 
27 

37 
CO 

Oakland  . 

97,  5GO 
1,717 

3,302 

3,  023 
25 

350 

141,505 
300 

5,  228 

1,037 
11 

43 

30 
10,  197 

Ottawa 

2,  HL1:* 

7,117 

4,707 

07 

12,  350 

227,  183 

11,778 

95 

131 

44 

Prcsfjue  J^Ie 

1  ,  893 
1,  252 
50 

14-1 
14,  U!l() 
1,  093 

1,000 
290 
435 
40 
1,885 
915 

114,005 
150,  039 
19,  090 
150 
201,  537 
520,860 
109,  754 
21)0.  000 
985,  194 
743,  750 

1,  900 
17,  115 
430 

.0,  290 
10,  200 
1,  904 
28 
13,  409 
23,555 
2,  C50 
11,681 
69,478 
37,  720 

3 

4 
51 

.Saint  Cla'.r 

1,325 
35 

8chooliM-;;it  . 

'1,  :!•!."> 

4,  40<> 
•107 
1  ,  ."01 
2<i,  188 
12,245 

3,  280 
9,  •  [   • 
1,  G53 
5,  fiOO 
4(1,  408 
43,935 

9,  C07 
30,  251 
0 
21.  201 
139,480 
87,  901 

50 
427 

20,  370 
33,  358 
4,  000 
23,  304 
119,441 
131,015 

95 
3,  7-10 
5 
500 
9,975 
1,220 

113 

148 
10) 
107 
471 
412 

52 
314 

7,  502 
2,  500 
430 

138 

1,  070 
837 

10,  105 
6,751 

18,  174 

Total 

307,  8C3 

5:29,916       1,  122,  If,  1 

14,427  i             145,883 

15,  503,  482 

1,041,897 

768,256 

54,  41!." 

8,  045 

CO,  002 

STATE    OF    MICHIGAN, 


70 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  cf. 

1 
9 

I 

; 

8 
i) 
10 
11 
12 

14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

22 
23 

26 
27 

- 
29 

31 

• 
33 

35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
1 
• 

, 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 

59 
60 
61 
63 

HEMP. 

o 

•3 

a 

s 

o 
& 

M 

a 
fc 

.5 

X 

Silk  cocoonp,  pounds 
of. 

•S 
a 
3 

o 
a 

C5     <fcj 
tt     O 
g 

j» 

Cfluc  Engar,  hhdg.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

u* 
l-g 

Is 

S  j> 

0 

a 
ea 

~, 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

o 

•3 

5 
c 
p, 

_' 
z 
o 

*-< 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

a 
o 

S  " 
g 

\VnU-r  rotted,  tons 
of. 

"3 

it 
rt 

£   d 

c-  5 

*  -^ 
A 

0 

• 

281  241 

93 

5,  25!) 

1,  053 

20,  93d 

*3,  322 

?89,  925 

1 

11 

221!,  Oil! 
8115 

308 

2,035 

1,  242 
II) 
2.478 
2,  788 
1.332 
1.  337 

21,838 
3-M 
30  Mil 
28,  855 
25,  19!) 
22,  200 

2,  50? 

80,  354 
11,1-94 
122,  859 
109,  4(14 
1!I5,  079 
17!),  :I40 
1,  104 

80 

100 

7 
34 

56,  003 
1C8,  704 
4,  91)0 

3,  51  1 
5,  40:i 
'JJ 
8,  TC6 

4,  550 
2,515 
210 
2,184 
144 

3,  815 
1.025 
(i,  738 
2,  425 

100 

1 

67  95!) 

S),  208 

3,450 
445  401 

70 

75 

5,  1)5  1 

C,  7!I9 
504 
2,  080 

1,509 

35,  040 

1,  !)82 

97,  254 
1,  325 
73,  (HI 
1,040 
117,584 

2  250 

5U 

258 

9 

439,  005 

2,410             51,728 

9,  388 
50 
2  2"7 

52,588 
174,  COO 

20 

52 

25,  79!) 

10  440 

517 
1,318 

4,777 

4,  890 
C.  262 
1UO,  54.! 

3(J 
4-J1 

92  285 

5 
2,  09!) 

028 
38,  403 

40 

123,  184 

300 

4,  201 

9,  246 

1,905 

83,  KB 

81,801 

202 
59 

11 
42 

190,  596 
323,  050 

8 

3,  KW 
3,  2UO 

1,  438 
900 

24.  330 
23,  437 

15,003 
6,590 

50 

23  773 

1,  135 
0 
1,037 
3,  US!) 
3,  HI!) 
703 
52!) 
140 
1,488 
6 

1 
1,7.17 
1,  192 
1,  101 
881) 

70 
32,  004 
10,  849 
24,  023 
14,784 

2,  3ft) 
•103,523 
140,0111 
122,  355 
103,  02!) 

2,  KM 

305,  570 
111,005 
151),  Oil 
ICO 

400 
75,  OS) 
304,  555 
101,  875 
21,978 

3,845 
1,  27-1 

5! 

(i.  551 
3,  253 
13,  507 
0,  915 

50 

2 

700 

250 

5 

40,  331 
14,015 

1!),  151 
90'J 
275 

1,  084 
958 
1,915 

32,  KM 
19,819 
28,  308 

2,  3M 
3,845 
6,  76% 

o 

262 

32 

51  433 

500 

1,008 
1  724 

218 
103 

J,  191 
411) 
07  'i 

286 

S,  3o:i 
125,  049 
11,!I07 
7,302 
3,  2!K) 
342,  608 
6,  213 
17,  710 
225 
53,001 

12  OliO 

20 
1,579 
11 
1,  379 
1,016 
15 
947 
070 

10,050 
M,  383 
51  020 

25 
7 

1 

4,  359 

1,526 

8'J 
51 

25,  509 
2,  585 
2,  fc'80 

1,887 
830 
80 

24 

47  758 

18  110 

125 

17 



31,  07!) 
18,911 
200 
1  500 



2,249 

2,010 
22 

44,  313 

210 

7,  359 

180  841 

4,  7J7 

399 

10,070 

2,147 

8,  890 
19  818 

231 
100 

1,389 

9,085 

400 
1,248 

26,055 
44,  007 
11,  71)5 
30 
49,  419 

155,  em 

18,504 
84,0119 
351,677 

208,  908 

210 
10 

4,393 

105  040 

2,  585 

573 
1,231 

00 

1.  l.Vl 
2,350 
2.  129 

13,  702 

18,  151 
1.  525 
2!'.  UK 
49,972 
35,  730 

3,  043 
6,  273 
300 
980 

5.  3  K; 
4,  r.v 

7,  895 

78,  T:;O 

•_'  1.  'JOl 

*         88 
•J.  i  >  ., 
1,  077 
1,  482 
488 

1  .  5(1!) 

;1  il:;:i 

2,008 
10 

37 
40 

14,  017 
18,282 

12 

2,002 

72G 

50 

4,128 

341 

12       4,  051,  820 

80,!)53 

78,098 

41,632 

70  1,282 

1  12,  75C 

4,0.13,364 

80 


STATE   OF  MINNESOTA. 


AGEICULTUE E . 


1 

y 
3 

4 
5 
5 

• 
8 
9 
i 
11 
13 
13 
:  ; 
i:, 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 

OJ 

-23 
25 

•:.; 

27 
-.',- 
• 
30 
..'. 
:;•' 
, 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
•13 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
4'J 
50 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
00 
Cl 
02 
03 
04 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAM). 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  nml  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

m 

| 

c 
Ct 

p. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

S 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

Q. 
£ 

Auoka 

4,  301 

23,  946 

$182,  885 

f  9,  396 

191 

2 

4G8 

204 

636 

50 

Becker* 

2,  975 
12,  274 

7,  134 

58,501 

68,850 
309,  271 

2,158 
28,  684 

42 
347 

105 
1,003 

77 
950 

155 

1,301 

15 

110 

IJliit;  Earth  

6 

4,912 

35,  002 

215,  210 

16,  197 

133 

38 

577 

59C 

1,005 

61 

71 

13,  119 

569 

95,  884 

3,800 
454,  310 

255 
24,  554 

147 

5 
1,590 

8 
1,203 

6 

2,  383 

Carver  

2 

120 

3,048 

00 

18,  484 
200 

124,  019 
2,600 

8,  415 
150 

90 
1 

0 

341 
5 

281 
4 

627 

214 

Crow  YViiif11* 

Dukota         

39,071 
15,303 
577 
4,  100 
75,  542 
7,953 
27,3)7 
30,  30.) 
20,  120 
559 

104,  303 
03,  377 
3,027 
11,699 
21(1,  4.14 
52,  908 
101,093 
130,  336 
72,  140 
3,  730 

1,  2S8,  387 
441.07W 
13,000 
112,  400 
1,  844,  797 
293,  040 
783,  837 
1,  367,  802 
990,  588 
23,  430 

68,413 
32,  403 
2,115 
9,  111 
50,  431 
17,  399 
53,  722 
90,  599 
37,  358 
1,377 

1,  102 
592 
8 
159 
S,  449 
250 
802 
1.  230 
503 
12 

35 
11 

2,  199 
1,008 
36 
287 
4,  950 
1,012 
1  ,  851 

1,  533 

CO 

1,  237 
C03 
60 
200 
3,  2!(i 
784 
1,S16 
1,350 
1,118 
45 

3,  001 
1,187 

327 
6,  2C4 

1,  121 
1,908 
3,9:11 
1,  480 
81 

650 
320 
10 
45 
1,  598 
211 
1178 
005 
720 

Dodge  

Faribault 

3 
9 

8 
47 
1 

Houston  

Itasca*  

130 
109 
145 

670 
793 
870 

2,330 
4,  400 
4,500 

170 

333 
340 

3 
9 

14 

1C 
20 

9 
1C 
17 

0 
14 
4:; 

Koudjyolii   .     .\. 

o 

Liikw*  

14,271 
867 
201 
3,  :<85 
2,  377 
80 
497 
2,  051 
7,  UO-1 
•111 
9,753 

112,  857 
1,  255 
1,065 

21,  849 
17,038 

1,  217 
1  ,  853 
(I,|  '.-1 
28,  387 
410 
55,886 

575,  •(>.) 

63,  000 
5,  SOU 
99,  815 
7.1,710 
4,  090 
7,  500 

5:i,  so;) 

234,  030 
1,500 

592,  885 

30,  927 
1,  735 
4G7 
4,127 
5,  0-17 
290 
C60 
3.  855 
13,  927 
260 
30,7111 

351 
33 
4 
67 
101 
3 
11) 
79 
323 

10 

1,  343 

0 
251 
203 
10 
34 
64 
389 

709 

2,  34:! 
53 

300 

21 
46 

181 
785 
9 
1,  191 

101 

38 
21 
206 
244 
9 
35 
109 
631 
5 
1,  058 

ItcLood 

2 

38 

Mille  Lac 

2 

170 

t) 
13 

Nicollet 

384 

391 

Noble  -•- 

Olmstcad  
Otter  Tall  

51,  138 
300 

131,318 
2,  118 

1,  453,  <!UO 
17,  550 

45,  551- 
1,  575 

1,711 
9 

23 

2,  996 

24 

2,  019 
40 

3,  445 

15 

3,  34? 

Pino 

110 

887 

4,  500 

C75 

4 

4 

11 

6 

Polk  

440 

5,219 
555 
48,810 
335 
14,  535 
7,823 
7,  707 
17,580 
9,  509 
777 

1,700 
12,  631 
7,  \',3 
87,534 
2,170 
66,091 
15,  104 
78,  245 
98,  :i2" 
48,  402 
12,  635 

1C,  000 
509,"  •) 
24,660 
985,  955 
2i,  100 
694,  230 
126,631 
281,700 
627,  000 
332,  150 
55,  2:H 

2,  425 
21,879 
2,  902 
59,  971 
1,  270 
37,014 
8,  860 
20,  508 
29,9iii) 
19,  f>!>5 
3,  ::  5 

304 
36 
989 
3 
339 
148 
180 
419 
379 
44 

15 
450 
74 
1,911 
13 
1,489 
300 
1,110 
1,102 
899 
CO 

C3 
107 
124 
1,  174 
16 
958 
161 
845 
1,213 
584 
50 

36 
314 
74 
3,  249 
18 
1,  670 
272 
1,  315 
1,609 
1,017 
111 

7 
15 
13 
1 
9 
7 
7 
9 
4 
6 

4 

5 
1,078 

Rcnville  

Rico. 

St  Louis 

Scott  

118 
115 
195 
227 
481 

Sibley 

Stwle  

Todd 

Toombs*  

24,055 

5.  5J5 
IP.  ON 
"i,  793 
10,087 

105,  779 
20.  149 
40,611 

8!,o;8 
84,961 

1,  144,595 
100,  180 
702,615 
9,  820.  1  :  7 
425,792 

90,093 

11,452 
39.112 
53,  74-1 
20,  451 

811 
217 
711 

917 
204 

1,705 
545 
1,223 
1,651 
1,006 

1,  252 
343 

517 
1,065 

C79 

1,  995 
7  33 
1,248 
1,714 

1  ,  000 

66 
197 
557 
555 
140 

2 
49 
6 
12 

Wright  

Total  

556,250 

2,155,718 

27,  505,  922 

1,018,183 

17,  005 

377 

40,  344 

27,  5C8 

51,345 

V13,  04  1 

*  No  return*. 


STATE    OF    MINNESOTA. 


81 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

a 

a 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye.  bushels  of. 

V 

A 
M 
p 

.0 

i  ° 

s 

1 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobncco.  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bnles 
of  400  lb».  ench. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

PCOB  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

I 

1    ° 
I1 

•9 

5 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 
9 
3 

4 
5 
0 
7 
8 
9 
10 

10 

J7 
18 
19 

si 

• 
1 

S4 

. 
• 

33 

- 
- 

43 
44 

« 
' 
11 
48 
1 
. 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 

. 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 

B4 

| 

741 

$44,  002 

8,702 

315 

40,411 

9,917 

20 

. 

130 

752 

at,  734 

109 
2,389 

9,  295 
65,  310 

2,  592 
21,513 

187 
2,035 

6,005 
72,  070 

5,700 
22,  838 

• 

108 
209 

6,  835 
543,223 

47 

1,332 

46,  522 

6,  230 

1,  0;>7 

29,  333 

9,071 

1,855 

1,  091 

55 

588 

25,  614 

10 
5  370 

800                   142 
110,912  |          28,137 

38 
9,463 

208 
16,  609 

1  i 

11 
903 

' 
97,211 

78,  072 

7  39" 

211 

1,231 

4 

27,153 
340 

5,787 

5,260 

20,  697 
70 

13,  115 

266 

647 

509 
3 

28,005 
140 





5,  M9 
2,670 
59 
569 

9.  «)5 
970 
3,  873 

7,  90S 

4,  050 

158 

202,  177 
101,  452 
5,  000 
29,  Oil 
429,  091 
69,  037 
172,  918 
235,  713 
141,801 
5,460 

173,  652 

74,  "57 
150 
5,  285 
391,  :150 
16,001 
152,348- 
135,715 
108,  518 
407 

5,348 
490 
25 

3,014 
1,308 
3,215 
18,  214 
5J8 

143,  842 
66,  078 
1,065 
18,  425 
433,  895 
01,905 
124,  680 
222,  684 
143,  825 
3,  400 

270  211 

20 

1,302 

1,000 

55:) 

74 

232 
919 
450 
228 
1,763 
381 
87 

138,  436 
36,  373 
3,  100 
20,529 
115,500 
43,788 
05.  973 
179.  539 
48,917 
4,  295 

48 

51,311 
1  ,  220 
0,  801 
295,  000 
7,  123 
104,  509 
136,096 
63,553 
749 

215 
20 

7 
4,414 
590 
8.11 
590 
2.  549 

17 

9 

130 

3,  990 
2,  SIC 

17 

39 
11 

725 
1,179 
8,550 

57 
151 
4 

485 
1,  490 
800 

555 
1,  135 
1,5:0 

24 

20 

750 

.... 

i 

10,  1114 
C9 
32 
480 
515 
24 
98 
713 
849 
8 
1.  408 

130,  712 
5,  210 
1,410 
25,  217 
2i,  66  1 
1.3HO 
3,500 
12,  630 

.:•'.. 

325 
96,  433 

34,  701 
250 
245 
6,500 
8,324 
84 
1,250 
3,014 
31,470 

7,  118 
65 
30 
290 
1,081 
10 

162,  511 
6,715 
1,775 
13,550 
11,723 
655 
1,655 
1,345 
47,  182 
110 
53,197 

51,090 
8,  175 
50 
4,894 
6,739 
10-1 
700 
13,  008 
21,792 

1,610 

731 

i«:i 
11 

0 
437 
253 
12 
93 
73 
107 
12 
853 

124.  198 
7,  065 
1.  130 
15,673 
15,  212 
, 
2,176 
5.464 
2,176 
285 
55,  580 

164 

5 

193 

6 

22,  434 

1,  692 

49,726 

100 

3,962 

279 

139 

C,  1S3 
20 

257,  .'306 
3,030 

232,  469 

700 

4,374 
210 

206,  991 
3,320 

222,  393 
1,030 

1   139  ! 

1,  481 

1,  305 
100 

98,061 
2,  450 

28 

| 

25 

1,155 

143 

75 

650 

370 

1  

42               4,  150 

5,  450 
61,915 
10,  098 
179,817 
2,  5(iJ 
124,  232 
20,  913 
82,  501 
118,243 
73,511 
10,920 

950 
12,  200 
300 
130,  433 
253 
4t,  797 
9,640 
15,014 
55,801 
28,131 
585 

200 
1,020 
240 
4,  3-18 
42 
6,  432 
934 
4,287 
12,859 
886 
20 

2,  350 
29,271 
1,  320 
168,  092 
10 
88,  789 
18,  199 
49,  180 
41,880 
54,  043 
1,385 

1,400 
43,  054 
(WO 
125.  545 
343 
57,352 
12,  957 
10,600 
49,  309 
30,084 
1,200 

200 

100 

34  !             1,550 
129  1          53,  188 
2.  856 

1,331 
113 
5,232 
3 
4,0(30 
330 
3,  082 
3,266 
744 
119 

1 

1,331 

4,  500 

020 

3SO 
114 
70 
3'->9 
200 
549 
424 
93 

86,  224 
2,517 
78,360 
14,290 
81,  450 
65,  0.19 
34,  495 

2.670 

I 



1,000 
5 
1,153 

199 
227 
335 

15 

200 

30 

1,233 

3,  336 
1,107 
3,  493 
4,  375 
3,  932 

221,  850 
40,548 
122,  388 
156,902 
90,  967 

114^227 
16,  648 
76,264 
166,950 
37,663 

2,591 
190 

14,  (196 
2,716 
4,228 

144,  523 
42,579 
99,  334 

161.  115 
58,546 

110,550 
10,  932 
143,466 
145,830 
30,339 

895 
67J 

1,288 
456 
1,100 
250 
1,025 

85,  051 
25,  841 
88.513 
86.  328 
77.  051 

L 

297 
1,381 
"     1,897 
361 

4.000    
1            °  97-'* 

60 
6 

101,371 

3,042,841 

2,  186,  993 

121,  411 

2,  941,  95:2 

2,  176,  002 

3,  280            38,  938 

20,  388  ,           18,  988       2,  565,  485 

792 

11 


82 


STATE    OF   MINNESOTA 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

:; 
4 
5 
0 
7 
- 
:• 
Id 
11 

:i 
: 
15 
Ifi 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
- 

27 

29 
30 
31 
32 

; 
::; 
35 
36 

::? 

:  - 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
;  : 
45 
40 
47 
48 
4!) 
50 
51 
X 
S3 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
CO 
6) 
62 
C3 
01 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

o 
'i; 

•s 

c 
,0 

>-> 

_^ 

pq 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 
o 

O 

a 

a. 

3 
^ 

1     = 

t, 

O 

'& 

5 

°o 

a 
p 

& 

1  '~ 

1 

C 

Hopp,  pounds  of. 

Aitken 

223 

1,303 

$200 

38,  610 

5,220 

3,255 

58 

lieeker 

83 
6 

$iOO 

18 

4,  250 

6,079 
82,  3C7 

530 

3,  920 

900 
8,636 

476 

(i 

1'ivekiiiridgc  

CIS 

146 

30 

291 

3,  862 

62,  505 

5,950 

1 

6 

158 
5,317 

100 
91,410 

17 
9,155 

1,262 

4,  429 

13 

030 

1,333 

70 

13,  891 
300 

1,330 
50 

2,272 
40 

3 

Dakota 

5,  248 

7,  749 
45 
12 

in,  104 

381 
7,  llij 
1,729 
3,  331 
20 

1,81)0 

450 

50 
51 

3,  5H» 

4(10 
1  .'142 

18 

3,  197 

148,777 
72,  755 
2,  700 
34,  735 
387,  853 
7?,  055 
159,  256 
204,  580 
137,  046 
•1,  (ill!) 

12,  105 
11,392 

13,  242 
7,854 
450 
3,857 
28,684 
9,  403 
13,  Oil 
15.811 
9,  092 
590 

8 

37 
017 

20 

Farlbault 

195 

2,850 
18,  848 
0,418 
4,041 
11,315 
5,  292 
490 

45 
759 

40 
33 
111 
72 
4 

112 

20 

Freeborn  

3,  5!10 
33,  070 
8(10 
316 

2,  0(i4 
517 

201 

250 

G 
3 

24 

Itasca  

715 
1,  1110 
1,050 

39 
125 
110 

05 

• 

100 

Lake  

Le  Sueur  

1,043 

179 
100 

96,  773 
1,810 
1,  425 
22,  290 
14,  780 
020 
2,  115 
5,  097 
47,  1  10 
1  ,  080 
90,  093 

3,  190 
524 

10,  008 
830 
170 
2,  898 
2,083 
62 
345 
729 
4,011 
94 
9,850 

07 

Martin  

McLeod  . 

423 

230 

107 
125 
45 
32 
22:i 
107 

1,520 
201 

0 

Meeker  

140 
50 

56 

Mille  Lac  

Morrison  

120 

150 
0,  030 
50 
4,574 

M.iwer  

837 

39 

Murray  

Nieollct  .  . 

3,  507 

555 

9,  175 

11 

Noble  

Olmstead  

9,  !>32 

757 
12i 

50 

148,  408 
2,  150 

23,  029 

21,461 
556 

o 

239 

Otter  Tail  

Pembimi  

Pierce  

Pine  

190 

110 

PipeKtoue  

Polk  

200 
1,472 

1,450 
17,  023 
400 
148,  096 
715 
124,022 
10,  145 
71.  150 
f7.  505 
65,075 
0,  100 

400 
2,000 

2,996 
070 
10,  402 
140 
7,  801 
1,873 
004 
12,  224 
6,940 
625 

!)44 

60 

23,  425 

Ucnville  

Rice  

13,  208 
137 
2,  544 
57li 
861 
1  ,  050 
1,041 

1,720 
30 
513 
28S 
285 
870 
861 

162 

10 

100 

20,  110 

200 
4,  500 
2,210 
1,000 

319 

3 

St.  Louis  

Scott  

258 

Sherlnii'ue  . 

Sibley  

20 

4 

20 
100 

59 

Stearns  

Steelc  

8,206 



Todil  

00 

50 

Toornbs  

Wabashaw  ....'.  

•1,  IK) 
136 
19,640 

2,  240 
354 
1,303 
945 

-14:1 

305 

150 

335 
200 
10,  762 

135,  215 
41,_325 
77*817 
117,845 
71,285 

516 
8,345 

2.  Kill 
i),  32(i 
•i,  951 

1:1,559 
3.  836 

4,  151 
10,443 
5,  026 

6 

32 
04 

47 
335 
32 

Wasccii  

15 
30 

Washington  

' 

10 
169 

1 

AYinoua  

20 

Wright  

361 

33 

2 

T,,tal  

1011,  008 

-V,  052 

049 

412 

171,704           2,957,  C7:i 

199,314 

179,483 

432 

3,  IS.' 

132 

STATE   OF   MINNESOTA. 


; 


A  G  II I  C  U  L  T  U  11 E  . 


PRODUCED, 

c 

"a 
t- 

| 
a 

a 

's 

1 
2 
3 
4 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 

11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 

19 
SO 

41 
43 

49 

54 
55 

57 

59 
60 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beetrn-ax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

c 

•c" 

i  "s 

\ 

0 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

•a 

a 
a,    . 

ft  1 
fe  « 

O 

1 

645 

101 

453 

5 

100 

$6,262 

1 

2 

007 
3,  565 

175 
128 

50 

400 

2,544 

13,  899 

10 

. 

93 

4 

1,296 

257 

104 

$235 

7,047 

150 
29,  629 

6 

3,970 

3.'!0 
29,  122 

90 

112 

5 

246 

195 

3,154 

6,449 

• 

450 

75 

7,903 
56 

3 

0 

285 

75 
1,630 

00 
97 

38,  305 
17,  200 
KID 
8,282 
50,  641) 
8,  582 
25,310 
153,  620 
34,  305 
556 

4 

126 

3,  527 

9."iO 

212 
140 

52 
99 

62 
50 
415 
1,395 
1,  853 
231 
40 
335 
7 

23 

3,855 
585 
1,585 
120,  324 
420 
210 

125 

4IX) 
30 

6 
2 

500 

3,  535 
325 
750 
4,760 
2,  470 

32 
5,377 
54 
23 

3,070 
15 
1,566 

50 

80 
82 

52 

4 

10 
73 
550 

CO 

51,337 

4,  451 

30 

38 

!)80 

100 

42,499 
1,250 
296 
3,372 
2,805 
130 
305 
2,  194 
7,  522 
113 
11,1-10 

"   1  

o 
39 

1,445 
1,050 
5,210 

140 

177 

70 

237 

22 

720 

3 

• 

187 

3 

1,000 
950 

21 

1C8 

200 

100 

15 

253 

29 

2  173 

202 

805 

70 

2,205 

197 

313 

7 

1,590 
700 

202 

1,310 

30,003 

118 

• 

440 

30 

122 

175 
2,550 

700 
8,342 
60 
35,066 
425 
25,857 
4,056 
15,060 
19,  282 
10,  4.'i7 

o 

250 

2-12 

15 

04,  975 
1,150 
13,  256 
500 
4,010 

1,706 
70 

549 

30 

1,378 

2 

55 

2,250 

170 
298 

2:13 

75 

1,180 

10 

4 

21 

1,450 

51 

1,100 

50 

50 
0,  470 

1,555 

saa 

27,627 

423 
641 

1,073 

2,508 

07 
GO 
2,4-10 
2,  275 
505 

1,091 
335 

152 

25,  666 
8,  5!>5 

30,  401 
21,328 

300 

4 

1 

4 
1 



264 

K 
9 
2,800 

30 
75 

1 



81 

109 

1,983 

118 

52 

370,  609 

23,038 

14,  178 

1.514             3-1,  S85 

7,981               751,544 

84 


STATE    OF    MISSISSIPPI 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

o 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
i 
11 
12 
13 

1! 
15 
16 

17 

18 
19 
80 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
:.••• 
- 
29 
30 
:,: 
32 
33 
34 
35 
1:1, 
37 

39 

•i 
i 
•i  1 
43 
• 
; 
4C 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 

' 
57 

. 
CO 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

1 

IH 

Asses  and  males. 

i 

& 

V 

1 

Working  oxen. 

.0 
C3 
0 

A 

O 

& 

IK 

103,  394 
99,  C04 
91,513 
65,  188 
56,  295 
104,  539 
100,  417 
00,  204 
127,  200 
47,018 
39,  139 
106,  203 
25,340 
174,  952 
6-1,  384 
0,671 

125,619 

277,  389 
209,711 
216,504 
155,  571 
408,210 
192,  764 
257,  055 
153,  265 
110,  323 
121,070 
307,  809 
101,973 
243,  979 
204,  804 
71,399 

$3,  COO,  800 
2,  109,  575 
2,  435,  OSS 
8,  759,  270 
1,200,  \'t 
8,  27G,  500 
4,  509,  034 
2,  432,  510 
4,778,010 
2,  293,  619 
5,  100,  595 
1,  550,  639 
428,  195 
6,  578,  547 
1,341,737 
879,  110 

$81,595 
137,  085 
U8,  671 
284,  036 
113,891 
355,  714 
150,  674 
137,  805 
194,  730 
75,  625 
129,  750 
155,  470 
59,  113 
282,  518 
150,  129 
11,728 

2,201 
2,251 
2,  331 
704 
2,001 
3,  078 
2,739 
3,099 
2,558 
1,194 
714 
3,128 
1,  030 
3.  307 
1,806 
455 

2,  910 
1,301 
1,880 
3,  18(1 
666 
4,  019 
2,812 
1,616 
3,349 
1,031 
1,385 
2,  050 
237 
4,135 
918 
90 

3,063 
4,012 
4,  412 
2,777 
3,  001 
6,095 
4,  111 
5,  369 
4,191 
2,610 
1,  9S9 
4,  080 
2.188 
6,  575 
2,  970 
2,  183 

2,438 
2,  325 
2,  029 
1,601 

1.  569 
3,590 
2,147 
2,540 
2,836 
996 
689 
2,572 
1,  015 
2,348 
2,007 
419 

0,688 
8,  169 
8.549 
7,181 
5.794 
12,  J58 
7,  751 
7,  4'14 
10.  078 
4,  371 
5,284 
9,275 
2,  985 
10,  339 
5,  0-15 
5.513 

9,  320 

7,  633 
7,  266 
1,  087 
4,  S47 
7,017 
6,709 
11,536 
9,013 
3,  0-14 
471 
8.  302 
4,  569 
8,  079 
2,043 
3,  233 

Attala 

Clark  

De  Sole 

8,  674 
190,  599 
130,  992 
50,  596 
95  806 

96,  839 
210,342 
208,  384 
108,  472 
309,  673 
51,403 
184,  375 
159,  159 
92,  708 
J74,  108 
271,977 
128,  872 
205,  428 
123,293 
154,190 
167,496 
IS.1,  661 
242,  t'39 

26i.  :i7 

147,7:0 
143,i533 

178,710 
139,  324 
216,  025 
92,  002 
240,  010 
321,  967 
278,  73S 
157,043 
114,316 
118,947 

683,  900 
6,  240,  445 
0,  074,  192 
0,  570,  505 
2,021,943 
38,  006 
2,  157,  167 
3,  232,  595 
351,438 
2,  533,  819 
3,  180,  690 
2,  032,  489 
1,286,135 
1,413,378 
7,  726,  005 
8,  181,  595 
386,  C83 
7,  076,  960 
6,  4-16,  406 
960,  192 
1,179,733 
8,  353,  247 
3,  352,  455 
3,080,361 
209,  598 
1,544,998 
4,  204,  377 
3,  346,  169 
1,  528,  199 
879,  970 
1,101,771 

25,  000 
311,161 
267,  102 
273,  020 
140,  158 
5,347 
88,  824 
220,  056 
18,  895 
108,  841 
150,  510 
139,059 
80,  701 
72,  340 
If8,  010 
434,  675 
C7,  807- 
415,410 
179,  597 
69,  164 
64,273 
214,804 
.  1.-17,  150 
198,410 
11,955 
127,  010 
233,  148 
,144,  230 
68,  134 
50,  288 
7t),  038 

217 
3,080 
1,889 
534 
4,  000 
224 
1,991 
2,407 
801 
2,294 
2,  490 
2,078 
2,374 
1,476 
2,047 
2,789 
945 
3,  455 
3,  040 
1,  625 
1,731 
2,469 
1,735 
2,151 
646 
2,818 
4,905 
2,528 
1,446 
1,481 
1,466 

279 
4,61)8 
3,721 
2,082 
1,484 
20 
1,  506 
3,  765 
70 
1,  500 
2,210 
1,  205 
540 
810 
3,  9-10 
5,  236. 
166 
4,  604 
3,  070 
535 
994. 
2  372 
2,178 
S,304 
105 
403 
2,765 
1,597 
802 
483 
540 

901 
5,484 
4,  101 
1,516 
5,684 
1,  159 
3,316 
4,  005 
1,708 
3,  842 
4,598 
3,  965 
3,308 
2,  50-1 
3,866 
4,687 

319 
2.644 
2,  054 
1,229 
0,  765 
250 
1,  581 
3,  109 
014 
1,547 
S,  029 
1,  789 
1,  899 
1,436 
1,416 
2,  086 
804 
2,  427 
1,839 
1.376 
1,335 
1,560 
1.414 
1,  734 
072 
1,818 
3,260 

1.138 
1,334 
1,244 

3,412 
11.  253 
9,290 
3,  004 
9,  580 
3,755 
0,191 
8,  003 
3,  1C8 
8.  828 
9.278 
7,  866 
7,  252 
5,621 
6,031 
10,  134 

4,  550 
11.905 
4,  293 
1,436 
10,  155 
4.  249 
0.  801 
7,  8-14 
3,141 
4,011 
8,  895 
5,  4-17 
7  527 
3,  939 
4,  800 
11,917 

Hinds 

2,  COS 
07,  708 
123  308 

14,  533 
88,  897 
101,469 
81,570 
53,352 
56,  289 
167,  373 
239,  788 
24,  216 
214,  939 
153,  699 
45,  787 
48,  805 
165,  835 
90,  959 
102,  986 
9,  629 
58,  292 
145,  546 
90,  086 
38,463 
33,741 
37,  283 

5,  718 
4,716 
2  922 
2,678 
4,128 
3  182 
4,  €51 
2,  490 
3,  660 
7,446 
4,  383 
2,  03li 
2,183 
2,631 

11,334 
8,045 
5.021 
0,  560 
7,  893 
6,461 
9,  605 
5,759 
7,  659 
12.077 
11,002 
5,977 
3,190 
4,214 

10,  163 
9,350 
4  i)'t'~l 
5,  707 
••_     4.  299 
5,  0-03 
0.  601 
3,  783 
7,218 
13,  306 
5,502 
3.  016 
4,517 
3,  680 

Oktibbeha          ..     . 

Pike 

Scott  

Smith  . 

Sunflower*  

Talluhatchie  

54,  907 
141,981 
106,  824 
29  341 

100,  025 
334,  734 
324,680 
91,  085 

186,  089 

3,  337,  592 
3,  349,  432 
2,  110,  70S 
4,217,575 
5,  141,  820 

158,  920 
2i8,  600 
1711,777 
106,  793 
96,  217 

1,043 
4,  270 
4,  450 
380 
£,089 

1,553 
2,  524 
1,513 
1,  106 
3,  394 

fl,  077 
0,  024 
5,  553 
1,032 

4,  154 

1,052 
3,077 
3,292 
588 
3,330 

6,221 
8,832 
10,  380 
4,  560 
12,  98S 

1,610 

12,  034 
13,  4!I9 
222 
9,  509 

Tippalj-  ... 

Tunica  

110,450 

Washington*  

18,799 

112,  693 
6G,  030 
113,646 

179  268 

40,  420 
-170,  822 
2(13,  488 
2:;.-,,  (S3 
411,121 

347,  840 
3,  389,  407 
1,  505,  740 
3,  235,  001 
1(1,  287,  227 

32,  301 
254,  113 
114,923 

131,408 

502,  151 

444 
2,315 
1,554 
2,  .'J59 
2,703 

403 

3,  131 
1,148 
2,313 
5,  319 

1,085 
3,990 
3,  057 
4,  455 
0,131 

500 

2,  C84 
1,  393 
2,  406 
3,  634 

0,073 
9,  CW 
5,  4CO 

7,  4.-9 
9,  COG 

3!8 
0,  IMS 
5.  f<73 
0,  111 
7.846 

Winston 

Yazoo  

Total  

5,  005,  755 

10,  773,  929 

190,  700,  307 

8,  820,  512 

1  17,  571 

110,  723 

207,  646 

105,  603 

416,  660 

332,  032 

*  No  iv tui  lib. 


STATE    OF    MISSISSIPPI 


85 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

o 

V 
J3 

~a 

I 
> 

13 

*C 

*3 

£1 

•a 
£ 

"rt 

0 

^3 
f 

Rye.  bushels  of. 

~Z 
A 

.5 
n  ^j 

1    ° 
c 
£ 
•5 

a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Pens  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

3 
A 

»'     . 

s  •s 

o  S 
1   - 

Sweet  potatoes,  bu.sh- 
cls  of. 

1 

3 

- 

- 
7 
3 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 

22 
23 
24 
25 
- 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
40 
. 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 

59 
fid 

13,  2GC 
28,  553 
33,  Mi 

Hi,  (170 

20,  ooo 

68,412 

42,  CIO 
41,277 

S3,  ceo 

17,  Of.,-) 
IS,  538 
3;),  710 
11,314 
4.),  9-10 
19,  77!) 
0,  3U4 

$787,  100 
0-15,  834 
701,421 
7.",:),  217 
420,  258 
1,  493,  054 
998,  001 
9S8.  527 
9UG,  975 
433,  003 
420,  G5G 
804,  540 
282,  841 
1,  305,  KB 
449,  449 
151,  14« 

173 
1,230 
585 

4C2,  510 
410,259 
507,  159 
401,966 
337,  714 
1,  140,  174 
862,  256 
599,  995 
5  *>  035 

1,435 

2>)  788 

15,  1211 
15,220 
11,232 

48,680 
79,  815 
39,  843 
50 
3,  472 
IIS,  282 
18,  863 
9,  220 
97,  095 
17,  504 
EOO 
31,176 
28,  620 
07,  492 
10,  7-17 
2,  042 

18,750 
10,  180 
4,  218 
3,  925 
1,840 
- 
7,  737 
1,  707 
9,  427 
3,  70J 
6,  783 
1,  509 
2,380 
22,508 
3,874 
387 

79,450 
157,  839 
64,025 
17,  768 
55,985 
159,  158 
95,  319 
110,  265 
82,  9:« 
78,094 
11,430 
99,  :«7 
51,  9«7 
89,  620 
61,010 
25.  443 

93  O'lO 

17,456 
14,  5r7 
33  45° 

21,9-10 

2,  012 
300 
3,754 

5,950 
4,010 
2,003 

11!-.' 

430 

10,432 

25,  73-1 
30,  008 
300 
3,  121 
1,025 

101 
1,472 
8C8 
09 

07 
430 

2,  498 
85 

8,  100 
42,  880 
20,  494 
13,558 
3.'),  178 
9,  1% 
13,  325 
22,  401 
3,002 
40,  113 
13,  500 
140 

0,  325 
13,414 

1  1  .  527 
18,  427 
24,  210 
3,  ?89 
42 
6,307 
12,016 
16,351 
5,472 
8,505 

30 
13,  821 

30,  000 
80,  050 

144 
CO 
50 
98 
3,825 

207,860 
235,  380 
560,  880 
155,420 
834,  105 
307,711 
48,048 

2,410 
100 
1,050 

i,  :;GJ 

2,  950 

1,470 
30,205 
7 
1,002 
53,085 

700 
39,  973 

680 
455 

7 

4,  830 
46,210 
31),  620 
0,  015 
37,  2G9 
3,  232 
21,8-11 
20,  312 
13,301 
27,  S02 
30,  007 
20,  520 
23,  8G2 
18,  852 
44,  144 
47,215 

130,  401 
1,432,495 
1,141,058 
438,  4C8 
800,  104 
78,547 
010.  147 
944,  251 
190,  303 
005,  300 
768,  G30 
057,  607 
478,  497 
440,  035 
1,  102,  729 
1,373,590 

75 
525 

210 

48,  274 
1,  028.  343 
845,  724 
308,  500 
627,  059 
11,715 
390,360 
525,  375 
81,  545 
407,  349 
64-1,  089 
47^,271 
281,213 
309,  104. 
1,  157,  271 
1,  194,  540 
122,  230 
1,  008,  350 
1,  145,  499 
209,  085 
346,460 
1,  286,  085 
664,  595 
533,  340 
73,  920 
314,135 
1,012,328 
497,  975 
2J6,  085 
201,  639 
24:1,  143 

600 
0,508 
021 
1,  420 
4,  BIO 

128,  480 
2,  020 
5 
20 
1,938 
10,  500 
30,  220 

20,  633 
4,  359 
70 
30,  015 
206 
7,520 

25 

4,  070 
54,  085 
41,840 
41,  170 
12,  270 
4 
10,  132 
30,913 
033 
15,  404 
10,282 
12,  700 
6,893 
10,  251 
51,234 
51,  327 
2,379 
49,  348 
40,  385 
5,602 
8,205 
50.C96 
19,  0:,9 
24,311 
306 
8,588 
24,258 
18,  156 
7,  152 
4,  070  1 
5,509 

11,251 
36,  870 
5,308 
3,  826 
22,  024 
10,106 
11,739 
23,002 
7,017 
8,  053 
11,  200 
11,290 
11,583 
9,080 
8,627 
29,718 
6,952 
18,  820 
14,800 
10,  116 
2,810 
9,877 
9,490 
14,  058 
8,489 
15,  596 
22,950 
9,  8SO 
6,  937 
8,770 
8,  007 

],840 
103,  629 
13,  119 
1,800 
47,618 
1,079 
19,  337 
91,  006 
- 
20,  200 
67,008 
58,  109 
7,238 
23,  530 
55,  318 
18,  279 
19,  168 
148,  355 
50,745 
4,  713 
18,  997 
27,  762 
28,563 
53,810 
6,517 
65,  595 
12,820 
25,  485 
24,837 
21,  169 
22,575 

391 
16,  328 
11,125 
1,980 
0,  594 
313 
4,  505 
10,  190 
1,109 
8,  «20 
12,  518 
8,810 
1,070 
4,980 
6,  800 
14,  905 
975 
28,  439 
0,169 
3,338 
1,082 
9,770 
7,  007 
12,854 
1,005 
5,599 
13,553 
9,062 
4,917 
2,944 
3,212 

18,  :i'.'5 
178,  387 
104,217- 
6,500 
100,  955 
9,  r70 
93,  890 
85.  675 
3*1,  739 
111,795 
74,084 
125.  214 
52,272 
57.  525 
117,491 
215,  070 
34,995 
118,359 
196,  542 
62,  350 
55,028 
147,414 
84,613 
57,  520 

39,  era 

68,241 
117,422 
101,  427 
64,  878 
37,  147 
So',  816 

470 
1.G77 

3,000 
100 
3,508 

380 
300 
137 
570 

29,481 

1,507 

1,411 
90 
20 
4,  002 

3,252 
511 
8,  014 
24,  810 
3,810 

355 
220 
65 
348 
4,  2G2 
449 
158 
485 
1,080 
3,830 

1,445 

100 
253 
2,  925 
075 
2,001 
290 
3,870 
2,008 
5,  421 

170 

090 
225 
1,305 

2,480 
3,  150 
000 
1,200 
3,710 
8G2 

53,  127 
4'J,  183 
1C,  480 
111,171) 
50,  032 
31,085 
29.C06 
10,  424 
24,072 
56,  845 
29,694 
17,  100 
14,  780 
15,  092 

-    1,  508,  821 
1,  255,  C23 
485,021 
438,  160 
1,486,462 
820,  555 
880,  004 
199,  732 
019,  270 
1,  300  -00 
861,  250 
3G2,  799 
409,467 
351,943 


58,409 
29,782 
15,  918 
1,332 
8,210 
22,359 
23,350 
459 
990 
41,  :,73 
1,028 
3,120 
910 
1,503 

4,423 
1,  220 
501 
003 
558 
554 
2,  052 
37 
543 
1,  420 
30 
100 
14 
405 

5,  40-1 
7,871 
1,084 
3,  433 
7,662 
1,727 
2,  797' 
1,178 
0.  097 
3,  154 
72li 
1,088 
100 
240 

005 
3,053 
1,  371 

'  000 
POO 
655 

807 
119 
2.  430 
40 
375 

1,025 
220 
100,  350 
57,  407 
1,206 
43,  210 
1,  59S 
5,108 
31,011 

550 

17,039 
43,485 
42,  021 
10,  324 
34,  005 

546,  938 
1,212,610 
1,017,028 
308,  025 

70-1,  7t'8 

2,740 
58,040 
38,  88  1 
575 
100 

100 
2,004 
1.7C8 
120 

373,  150 
814,  625 
683,  681 
180,055 
57,  865 

1,262 
2,  453 
3,205 
675 
200 

1 
7,  588 
531 

500, 

2,350 
2,613 
15,  045 
200 

15,  604 
20,  3:7 
11,470 
13,  025 
30,338 

3,568 
24.  302 
22,  70S 

20,  7rt> 

27.  646 
48,380 
35.523 
3,363 
30,587 

9,864 
14,  315 
12,  926 

3.  727 
21,  213 

49,  434 

81,500 
82,  708 
0,613 
53,544 

0,478 
20,7)4 

2  '.  17,  i 
31,434 
30,  7J3 

104,  404 
409,290 
1,526, 

320 

"5  545 

2,742 
39,  387 
9,090 
21.7  :;i 
64,075 

9,321 
10.  247 
1,740 
3,288 

3,800 

38,410 
5.210 
,-,7.  28  t 
20,251 

557 
5.  •!  1- 
2,600 
1,040 
9,415 

94,208 
66,100 
76,536 
150,50(1 

494,  117 
301,  005 

40 
5,  712 
405 
1,  227 

810 
3     85 

16,688 
7,  072 
130 

243 
150 
53 

1,  035 

1,  532,  70S 

41,  891,  002 

587,  925 

39,  474 

29,  057,  682 

221,235 

809,  082 

150,141 

1,202,507  I         605,959 

1,954,  C(k!  ',         414,320 

4,  5«),  ;-73 

STATE    OF    MISSISSIPPI. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

j 
P 

1 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

AVine,  gallons  of. 

£ 

O 
C     D 
rt    '^ 

P 

Buttor,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

. 

o 

fl 

c 

rt 

,0 

c 

5 

0 

•a  "3 

o 

2 
o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

$22  210 

$49,  211 
350 
100 

C4,  705 
70,  874 
98,  590 

1  238 

13,  400 
100 

100 

205 
2,107 

Attain 

2 

121 

Cnlhoun 

8 

797 
2,555 
4,349 
022 
23  250 

87,715 
100,  038 
152,  376 
143,  184 
84,450 
48,  535 

eis 

38,  060 
24,  397 
226,  704 
25,  607 

65 

100 

4 

2,783 
12 

10 

5 

Carroll               

100 
20 

1,093 
50 

2,  752 
300 

18,  015 

2,067 

10 

Clark 

1,000 
1,000 
150 
2,801 
13,  049 

4 
2 

8 
73 

238 

50 

Copiah                       -   - 

50 

30 

200 

5 

387 
3,  349 

50 

G 

320 

139 

8 

815 

4,205 

20 

4 

4,800 
5,  459 
205 

i.; 
332 
80 

805 
4,157 
5 

2,295 
131,  077 
107,  504' 
2,000 
154,  635 
740 
57,  328 
91,  084 
11,850 
115,  316 
102,  595 
72,  972 
20  627 

25 
1,  575 
2,350 

Hinds                   "  

10 

5 

CO 

5 
21 

108 

103 

2,  150 
8,389 
133 
7,280 
2  127 

75 

1,  938 

520 

52 

15 

45 

20 

97 

1,011 
2  306 

12,  345 

50 
20 
8 

1 

1,310 
300 
11,  257 

109 
303 
1,077 

15 

o 

400 
25 

17 
57 

i 

1 

26 

20 
89 

30 

4,  590 

10 

70  872 

9 

i 

2,029 

425 

1,120 

168,  048 
10,410 
211,  801 
107,  511 
70,  707 
38,  490 
164,  676 
129,  435 
132,  465 
13,  830 
78,  835 
279.  677 

220 
100 

91 

14 

55 
139 

91 

15 
710 
5 

9,  W)3 
2,404 
151 

364 
391 
52 

2,515 
3,211 

2,595 
81 

i 

5 

124 
40 

35 
6 

180 
1,  020 

Ijj 
7 
10 

90 
18,  875 
5,  030 
4  903 

581 
53 
71 

205 
80 
5,  774 

30 
37 
175 
115 

36 
2 
33 
1 
843 
9 

50 

320 

0 
o 

77 

10,  236 
6,  392 
10,  140 
121 

8 
235 

5,570 
271 

10 

47 

233 

98 

160 

98 

5 

1,  005 

64,  419 
21,  837 
31,  248 

100 
50 
307 

Smith  

7 

8 

Tallaliatdiic 

5 
115 
273 
10 
100 

40 
0,410 
3,300 

2C8 
224 
239 

Gl 
282 

1,  253 

70,  562 
2S7,  215 
270,  093 
45,  440 

111,  525 

220 
448 
213 

0 
4,305 
104 
25 



10 
112 
258 
15 

37 

1 

93 

37 

Tunica  

175 

31,  900 

550 

8,095 

Washington  



3,070 
014 
050 

9.841 
58,  393 
15  575 

Wilkinson  

'L':! 
990 

09 

40 
13 

51) 

• 

71,420 
135,  947 

3,  120 

1            2,821 

CO 

Total 

1,875 

1,099 

254,718 

7,262 

124,  281 

5,  006,  610 

4,  427 

32,901 

8 

1,084 

248 

i 

I 

STATE    OF    MISSISSIPPI. 


AGRICULTURE. 


mom- 

CED. 

_3 

"a 

Dew  rottt-d.  tons 
of. 

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of.  1* 

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t   g. 

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of. 

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•o" 

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tc 

3 
S 

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• 

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188 

160 

$6  9ft) 

$74  180 

1,202 

20,938 

0.5H6 

104  859 

1  273 

25,006 

18,  405 

170  819 

35  836 

281 

416 

19  554 

23  046 

125  209 

358 

17  579 

3  949 

289  218 

1    130 

1C  439 

45  99C 

277  844 

380 

S3  323 

136  848 

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2  445 

128,  245 

110  385 

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74  318 

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8  934 

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136  304 

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25  318 

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840 

8  551 

2  358 

58  477 

130 

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10  366 

4  351 

24  905 

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11   183 

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19  385 

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15 

150 

12  557 

27  490 

229  461 

17  77° 

19  063 

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10  367 

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14  278 

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9  596 

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1  230 

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19  857 

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19  085 

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57  3°0 

277  800 

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11  457 

130  4°6 

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14  733 

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2  950 

13  275 

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10  246 

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99  379 

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1  184 

30  503 

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50 

88 


STATE    OF    MISSOURI. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 
4 
S 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
83 
24 
25 
26 
27 

29 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 

; 
43 

;; 

45 
46 

47 
48 
49 

50 

51 

52 

64 
55 
56 
Si 
58 
59 
00 
6J 
62 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

i 
Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved.  in  farms. 

rc 

s 

£ 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

ci. 
7. 

45,  373 
72,020 
30,  964 
84,  531 
27,  243 
6,  552 
33,  781 
51,371 
34,  020 
202,  487 

125,  090 
108,  528 
75,  774 
100,  905 
60,  887 
90,  223 
114,  385 
179,  486 
155,  875 
106,  821 
135,  721 
59,  628 
106,  097 
293,  918 
46,283 
187,  205 
140,  528 
24,517 
183,  248 
162,  682 
213,737 
60,  029 
112,939 
124,339 
98,  785 
123,  783 
177,  053 
114,453 
151,836 
120,950 
189,  636 
72,  968 
105,  843 
14,274 
63,  159 
207,  135 
150,  492 
225,  480 
177,  135 
136,  335 
132,  135 
183,  309 
90,  492 
66,418 
123,  756 
31,012 
55,  406 
140,  104 
118,215 
193,019 
273,356 
129,528 
52,  174 
180,  062 
83,  731 
98.091 
826,647 
145,  814 
100,909 
185,  740 
62,  363 
117.024 

$733,  7]  5 
3,  000,  467 
1,318,543 
3,  557,  373 
624,  994 
396,  895 
1,074,464 
1,34'.',  201 
694,  653 
4,634,820 
6,  523,  511 
189,  001 
1,  2H2,  636 
4,818,339 
390,  845 
2,  700,  272 
2,  467,  993 
105,  243 
2,  690,  460 
1,  370,  560 
2,  680,  166 
783,  906 
3,  040,  500 
5,  30!),  271 
2,  834,  145 
1,247,878 
5,  186,  619 
697,  264 
1,414,927 
497,  831 
2,  526,  192 
1,495,356 
450,  605 
115,015 
614,  457 
3,216,300 
1,326,430 
2,  688,  986 
3,  163,  870 
1,  770,  195 
1,514,849 
S,  704,  097 
823,  491 
1,314,660 
4,  157,  312 
204,  475 
620,  510 
5,  621,  615 
1,231,883 
2,  416,  360 
4,  233,  771 
1,195,880 
553,  361 
7,  782,  352 
1,298,875 
3,  287,  203 
4,  240,  348 
2,  003,  723 
1,473,307 
2,661,038 
38!,  725 
086.  907 

$62,  139 
105,  647 
58,  678 
96,  021 
54,177 
12,  913 
49,537 
89,  625 
50,  504 
180,  246 
135,  519 
15,  554 
66,  008 
170,814 
23,096 
140,  633 
111,901 
7.  OIH 
115,  028 
65,  448 
111,  1711 
51,  492 
101,  607 
128,  726 
79,  451 
48,  943 
167,  030 
45,  187 
53,  123 
14,  807 
92,680 
44,864 
30,684 
11,046 
28,255 
146,  640 
78,  166 
130,  125 
130,  036 
76,  373 
74,  135 
106,  311 
40,081 
51,  733 
196,  805 
2i,5St< 
25,191 
137,  058 
68,916 
74,  999 
179,  614 
66,944 
12,  696 
209,513 
05,  193 
104,241 
153.070 
78,  930 
62,306 
110,496 
35,206 
46.  539 

2,138 
4,558 
1,888 
4,  254 
2,544 
528 
2,127 
4,  258 
2,641 
9,  292 
4,966 
7S8 
2,  434 
7,  027 
1,  652 
4,887 
3,  052 
407 
5,304 
2,797 
4,  !)02 
2,317 
3,  l.V 
5,870 
3,314 
2,  948 
6,  415 
2,  457 
3,333 
2.  763 
4,  269 
2,100 
1,501 
749 
1,  302 
5,  628 
2,846 
3,  845 
5,469 
2,715 
2,859 
4,514 
2,  295 
1,446 
6,226 
607 
975 
6,502 
2,901 
3,342 
6,081 
2,748 
1,610 
6,346 
3,180 
4,903 
6,946 
2,920 
3,  048 
5,033 
1,212 
2.494 

139 
740 
276 
1,486 
411 
41 
429 
535 
226 
4,  631 
1,  235 
102 
435 
2,  721 
203 
705 
503 
27 
1,091 
608 
977 
508 
316 
1,496 
645 
453 
2,788 
337 
739 
484 
444 
253 
182 
38 
100 
519 
173 
324 
2,032 
383 
113 
1,472 
402 
202 
2,942 
135 
103 
2,  424 
880 
382 
2,058 
174 
374 
2,825 
1,  024 
938 
1,190 
564 
670 
631 
199 
319 

2,319 
4,016 
2,481 
2,873 
2,216 
473 
1,  9G3 
3,  078 
2,350 
6,911 
5,394 
1,234 
2,  251 
6,  4(iO 
1,401 
4,  131 
2,  904 
450 
4,  000 
2,  i)00 
4,815 
2,044 
3,87/3 
4,  697 
2,910 
2,714 
5,508 
2,478 
2,963 
2,  483 
4,085 
2,015 
1,946 
917 
1,954 
5,  977 
3,290 
3,  831 
4,403 
2,  674 
2,827 
4,  098 
2,402 
1,744 
5,617 
817 
1,294 
5,363 
2,380 
4,174 
5,525 
3,098 
1,309 
0,  362 
2,  343 
3,  914 
5,639 
3,013  ' 
2,591 
4,  473 
1,187 
2.  154 

1,215 
1,  427 
1,120 
1,  482 
1,701 
375 
999 
2,310 
1,125 
o  515 
1,212 
082 
1,071 
2,  231 
099 
1,522 
1,074 
207 
2,  159 
1,728 
2,657 
1,731 
1,187 
2,  454 
1,425 
839 
2,  111 
1,342 
1,883 
2,840 
1,111 
917 
1,423 
981 
1,034 
2,409 
2,089 
2,190 
3,130 
1,171 
1,420 
2,340 
1,430 
834 
2,324 
839 
657 
2,937 
1,  342 
2,661 
3,067 
1,341 
1,063 
3,  395 
1,554' 
1,203  j 
2,  150 
1,516 
1,493 
2,505 
805 
1.410 

4,  332 
6,619 
4,748 
6,800 
4,  244 
979 
4,011 
0,  344 
3,711 
14,  805 
7,876 
2,  569 
3,214 
14,  095 
2,766 
5,  03  1 
6,  354 
587 
7,  2U7 
3,821 
9,775 
3,573 
7,850 
12,  426 
6,  124 
4,  821 
12,  638 
4,044 
4,035 
4,498 
5,345 
3,200 
2,099 
1,490 
4,099 
12,  575 
5,958 
6,917 
8,875 
4,849 
3,920 
8,277 
4,099 
3,858 
9,742 
1,421 
1,952 
10,  159 
4,787 
7,342 
10,  038 
7,062 
3,190 
15,112 
3,870 
]  1,099 
11,053 
5,  296 
5,  345 
9,789 
2,971 
4.920 

0,057 
10,  379 
4,  ."87 
11,477 
7,  009 
989 
5,  180 
8,  105 
6,  542 
27,010 
10,  495 
1,303 
4,  375 
27,  728 
3,  !!82 
11,320 
8,  722 
1,015 
0,508 
7,986 
11,  111 
5,  217 
7,379 
15,822 
8,  954 
7,  089 
10.0P5 
6,231 
9,548 
9,054 
10,  180 
4,666 
4,705 
1,  002 
2,217 
10,  254 
8,579 
11,962 
16,  094 
8,401 
8,481 
8,456 
5,  609  'i 
5,248 
19,345 
1,760 
2,472 
10,  462 
7,  696 
7,314 
13,  973 
9,958 
5,044 
12,553 
7,  798 
14,  206 
14,741 
8,466 
8,  456 
15,  222 
3,  895 
0,321 

Bates 

Bcnton 

113,  399 
8,  979 
.39,  420 
154,  578 
17,  207 
78,810 
51,  788 
4,  003 
70,  898 
37,  658 
81,171 
23,  789 
73,  195 
127,  314 
71,610 
39,  899 
116,  197 
25,  845 
41,830 
40,  923 
72,  038 
33,589 
21,271 
7,453 
15,  822 
76,559 
35,704 
65,  737 
78,  913 
48,  750 
57,  699 
72,  977 
2.-,,  032 
20,  058 
143,204 
7,  821 
10,087 
127,  602 
41,  537 
40,  (!.-,;! 
108,889 
OH,  451 
18,  390 
150,  092 
42,  708 
94,954 
120,  473 
53,869 
41,082 
K1,  157 
19,555 
25.  B!M 

Butler  

Caldwell  

Callaway  

Ca"pi'  Girardeau  
Carroll  .... 

Cass 

Ctdar 

Clark  

Clay  

Clinton  

Cole 

Dado 

Dallas. 

De  Kalb. 

Dent  

Dunklin 

Gasconade  

Holt 

Howard  

Howell 

Livingston  

JUricfc  .  . 

STATE    OF   MISSOURI. 


8(J 


AGRICULTURE. 


hIVK  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

aj 
p 

ft 

Live  stock,  Talue  of. 

Wheat,  buvhcla  at. 

Rye,  buithelg  of. 

a 

a 
& 

i-s 

v 

a 

1 

Oat*,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  ponndu  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  ponurtc 
of. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  bean*,  bush 
els  of- 

£ 

.§ 

1     = 

£  -r 
o    "* 

0, 

a 

Sweet  potntoen,  foush- 
elD  of. 

1 
o 

3 
4 
5 
G 
7 
8 
1) 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 

19 
20 

Z8 

' 
H 
S5 

• 

- 
29 

1 

33 
33 

34 
35 
36 

. 
38 

10 

1 

43 
44 
45 

49 
50 
51 

53 
54 
55 
5fi 

, 
58 
50 
60 

1,1 

i  : 

16,510 
38,713 

SI,  223 
18,  906 
17,7li7 
4,053 

iu,ao6 

14,373 
17,294 
63,513 

39,  :wii 

7,  995 
14,  707 
41,559 
si,  7.-,:! 
28,  733 

87,  181 
2,  726 
31,298 
17,S!59 
4-',  (175 
13,510 
211.  Hl> 
40.  882 
SSI,  036 
lli,  622 
4'J,  186 
13,600 
13,  589 

is.1,  965 

S3,  889 

18,  326 
a,  039 

5,913 

19,  157 
38,  336 

r.),  Hi:! 

18,  119 
28,  071 
2-',  123 
23,  404 
2?,ObO 
10,361 
13,531 
4-',  100 
-1.  t-53 
C,  134 
43,  7)1 
14,  208 
22,074 
38,001 
18,  143 
7,8% 
52,334 
15,484 
27,  2117 

36,  365 

21,459 
84,953 
34,543 

8.  MM 
12,  HI3 

$321,564 
51)3,  172 
312,  IIOO 
7:»,  328 
342,  lilili 
73,  1)80 
396,  377 
52(i,  558 
204,  170 
1,021,297 
837,241 
133,224 
403,  706 
1,  306,  752 
1115,  530 
600,711 
521,05!) 
53,804 
C73,  301 
411,83!) 
6U8,  934 
342,  553 
573,  725 
893,813 
409,  375 
322,  3(i3 
1,204,223 
301,570 
431,  17U 
331,306 
490,  053 
273,  037 
1S2,  801 
111,253 
237,  017 
743,  174 
332,410 
647,  926 
879,  374 
308,  200 
371,  139 
717,059 
294,  218 
267,  448 
1,  17»,  545 
98,  571 
138,  677 
1,  040,  803 
31)9,  801 
418,818 
1,  0(12,  153 
245,  157 
197,  424 
1,  Of  0,  3:13 
428,  766 
000,  8114 
1,  121,0(12 
4:i;l,  130 
380,007 
-,  13,  >;, 

161,310 

278,  ll:i 

7,864 
51,515 
51,463 
11,519 
49,  943 

a,  124 

1,779 
21,304 
50,  035 
71,906 
64,  335 
3,582 
6,810 
60,  (»S 
13,  878 
198,  475 
12,  137 
2,604 
31,386 
30,  234 
12,  816 
48,  015 
30,  786 
39,  398 
18,  194 
42,  944 
70,  432 
24,  498 
41,402 
42,  799 
15,  504 
10,  003 
19.9SO 
9,  183 
6,  0118 
96,  510 
48,  104 
41,037 
130,  795 
16,415 
15,300 
8,  327 
18,556 
17,230 
87,  998 
6,721 
15.  477 
60,  909 
38,644 
53,  01)8 
35,  001 
7.  923 
30,909 
50,  672 
67,  406 
36,  387 
109,  152 
8,600 
10,430 
5.  (11  1 
30,641 
18,  JO-' 

1,048 

9,  030 

2,  250 
433 
7,  382 
116 
100 
5,827 
593 
5,  769 
11,  379 
75 
673 
C,  1)94 
227 
1,  377 
0(15 
17") 
490 
3,  002 
1,804 
3,517 
10,  048 
2,  694 
2,983 
085 
2,  403 
1.8(15 
2,003 
1,392 
2,  399 
2,  326 
1,0118 
411 
180 
4,402 
2,  094 
9,961 
9,  938 
3,  205 
7,  938 
514 
174 
2,  388 
6,  887 
(15 
4,  371 
778 
2,954 
1,958 
1,111 
1,736 
1,435 
810 
6,412 
3,  !I72 
1,  120 
3,540 

2,  035 

1,791 
827 
980 

554,835 

1,  138,714 
659,  128 
804,  555 
481,  683 
89,  740 
526,  040 
550,273 
316,790 
1,8(19,922 
l,:i:i(i,  687 
89,  581 
523,  483 
1,346,777 
224,  447 
699,  973 
812,520 
68,  170 
1,183,344 
431,495 
938,  801 
353,646 
996,  060 
1,341,405 
913,  865 
374,  334 
1,  705,  320 
300,  918 
538,  155 
401,495 
074,  (120 
453,  490 
257,  240 
113,  945 
319,  035 
800,723 
338,  5(13 
1,  034,  253 
1,  128,  396 
738,368 
819,010 
1,  074,  720 
285,  587 
503,410 
1,303,750 
127,  703 
131,485 
1,599,  166 
525,550 
424,  724 
1,  502,  240 
674,  423 
266,  165 
1,971,641 
533,  534 
930,105 
751,894 
613,509 
559,  070 
1,015,  !  '33 
179,053 
293,  'J  'i  3 

11,943 

57,  W5 
30,  833 
28,009 
SO,  837 
3,  Olid 
411,710 
26,  490 
9,  953 
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108 
10!) 
110 
111 
112 
113 

COUNTIES. 

ACHES  OF  LAND. 

Cabh  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  mid  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

I.1VK   STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farm*. 

Horses. 

Asees  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

d 

0 

cH 

103,  472 
14,10:2 

5<>.  577 

20,  118 
33,  624 

74,  !M2 

101,501 
35,  115 
161,  *31 
146,  28  1 
80,911 
148,  650 
191,  966 
155,  869 
154,898 
80,  962 
62,  958 
45,  730 
51,914 
197,  133 

10,  OTI; 

50,  153 
140,813 
161,774 
88,416 
226,  515 
121,480 
ICG,  951 
27,412 
120,  621 
101,359 
150,  721 
179,  804 
63,  927 
58,  «72 
120,  7C9 
110,  137 
102,  473 
139,  335 
113,234 
198,  2G7 
78,  535 
107,  496 
52,  293 
52,  234 
105,  038 
170,  "98 
13,  128 
232,  098 
21,  138 
118,124 
152,  333 
115,  1111 
134,  100 
122,  529 
70,  023 
52,689 

$4,  112,761 
416,480 
1,581,530 
952,  680 
1,381,300 
2,  345,  884 
2,  973,  424 
2,  330,  660 
1,  572,  007 
1,688,142 
883,612 
682,  495 
236,  35(1 
1,369,100 
84,  370 
578,  915 
1,48-',  013 
4,  479,  867 
332,  2:!5 
4,974,715 
b,  584,  470 
1,694,  12(1 
300,  603 
1,330,615 
2,813,403 
3,  191,  090 
3,681,330 
330,110 
273,  280 
4,457,541 

Q|J|      *•*."> 

1,132,682 
1,  055,  705 
-  15,  987,  064 
5,  550,  792 
936,  425 
1,  471,  789 
626,  323 
411,200 
2,  892,  020 
839,  544 
157,  822 
2,271,606 
209,879 
594,  772 
1,091,776 
1,  909,  747 
1,  239,  070 
660,  401 
764,  390 
380,840 

$114,446 
33,  538 
80,  879 
41,  176 
47,  725 
97,  539 
135,  656 
95,  873 
62,  <!94 
41,765 
52,  746 
22,115 
15,  7(10 
59,  993 
5,  127 
18,  108 
71,066 
110,506 
38,  934 
169,  235 
170,  563 
77,  638 

n,  800 

60,  722 
99,  557 
126,  005 
133,  895 
10,214 
17,634 
151,718 
47,  187 
52,  202 
63,  908 
245,  2:)8 
170,  999 
55,  452 
70,232 
42,  353 
19,931 
11C,  223 
38,  757 
10,  499 
91,915 
25,  592 
37,  385 
53,882 
8«,  952 
53,  60S 
55,  o:i3 
43,  494 
22,  751 

4,  720 
1,  046 
3,383 
2,487 
1,413 
4,  558 
7,  124 
4,  160 
2,  920 
1,  290 
2,  207 
774 
821 
3,473 
939 
796 
3,  520 
4,  708 
1,692 
7,231 
6,  378 
3,  004 
1,  122 
2,  505 
4,  233 
5,  6«0 
6,  297 
1,  199 
9:17 
5,  061 
1,956 
2,  346 
2,  030 
6,193 
5,  493 
2,  143 
2,657 
1,  247 
709 
3,475 
1,  545 
1,  102 
3,  590 
1,  038 
1,  692 
2,  (108 
3,631 
2,  231 
1,874 
2,  440 
1,  125 

1,162 

174 
161 
300 
608 
560 
1,783 
735 
639 
1,  178 
549 
162 
68 
435 
83 
202 
251 
1,557 
502 
1,879 
1,551 
1,  215 
106 
104 
97'. 
1,684 
1,  255 
108 
104 
749 
365 
535 
239 
1,210 
2,852 
111 
17! 
324 
49 
615 
233 
130 
350 
212 
248 
170 
392 
55S 
162 
928 
194 

4,  542 
972 
3,  383 
2,628 
1,  960 
3,949 
5,  921 
3,  8C6 
3,  062 
1,  977 
2,187 
1,  116 
741 
3,  454 
1,386 
1,531 
2,  862 
4,  056 
1,684 
6,  280 
5,  239 
2,  955 
990 
2,440 
3,  843 
4,  403 
5,  252 
1,357 
1,  050 
4,  085 
2,381 
2,  529 
2,604 
8,  221 
C,  023 
2,  096 
2,611 
1,316 
1,000 
3,  350 
1,  935 
1,  190 
3,  531 
1,941 
2,  075 
2,  354 
3,585 

2,  C1IO 
1,871 
1,  190 

985 
591 
1,  884 
1,434 
832 
1,  927 
1,042 
1,251 
1,  367 
808 
1,  392 
710 
730 
1,675 
948 
420 
1,  066 
2,  0(11 
1,  463 
1,912 
2,919 
2,  103 
792 
1,650 
1,013 
1,  109 
3,  050 
902 
649 
1,  182 
1,338 
903 
1,432 
1,  357 
2,446 
1,  002 
1,168 
586 
801 
1,271 
1,321 
907 
1,981 
1,  273 
1,  782 
1,  254 
885 
1,  2.'0 
984 
1,  620 
1,006 

10,  208 
1,  842 
6,  496 
3,  902 
3,714 
7,  772 
13,045 
7,  025 
6,  981 
3,  143 
4,  064 
3,  11)1 
1,884 
5,910 
2,  189 
2,231 
4,  405 
8,  986 
3,  038 
13,  047 
9,  251 
6,013 
1,971 
3,  762 
7,  692 
11,241 
10,694 
2,  359 
2,481 
8,886 
4,241 
5,  037 
4,209 
6,053 
12,  157 
3,  785 
5,  553 
2,321 
1,977 
9,  199 
4,010 
1,801 
7,  232 
2,391 
2,463 
3,  9«i 
C,  688 
5,  629 
4,  193 
3,  123 
2,117 

13,314 

3,  639 

12,  192 
7,  038 
1,354 
12,  325 
20,  7fl 
10,  992 
7,  024 
1,424 
6,  209 
2,641 
2,  095 
6,  979 
2,  350 
526 
6,  469 
12,  951 
4,  822 
20,  708 
13,  COO 
1(1,  48t> 

7,  «2 
11,018 

17,  180 
15,871 
3,  568 
2,  350 
8,  650 
5,  720 
8,  CCS 
3,  960 
4,  972 
14,  907 
7,  852 
9,  354 
2,  203 
2,  904 
11,644 
4,  985 
2,  f  28 
13,  III! 
2,  986 
4,476 
4,  079 
6,  191 
7,  454 
5,  734 
6,  188 
3,  849 

Mi-Doniild 

Miller 

158,563 
75,114 
39,  393 

40,  791 
33,  346 
15,  950 
9,540 
37,  7IJ4 
8,  143 
11,910 
47,  084 
96,  8(12 
25,  303 
144,524 
121,667 
50,780 
12,50(1 
52,  724 
83,371 
123,  214 
102,  365 

12,  033 

10,  (J30 
92,  173 
27,  723 
3~,  —'-•-> 
36,  043 
108,  188 
139,  527 
40,  743 
84,714 
21,  999 
9,841 
62,  829 
26,108 
10,  10'J 
57,  961 
12,  583 
19,  71XJ 
27,976 
63,  505 
32,  144 
24,  045 
27,210 
17,  187 

Morgan  

Orark 

Pettis  

Phelpa 

Piko  

Platte 

I>olk    -  ..    . 

Pulatfki  

Halls 

Kay            .    .     .. 

Ileynolds  

St.  Charles  

St   Clair 

St.  Louis  

» 

Scott           

Shelby 

Sullivan 

Taney    

Webster.     .  . 

Wright  

Total  

6  246  871 

13,  737,  939 

230,  632,  126 

8,711,508 

361,874 

80,  941 

345,  243 

166,588 

657,  153 

937,  445 

STATE    OF    MISSOURI. 


A  G  II I  <J  U  L  T  U  II E . 


UVK  .STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

o 

* 

p 
,£ 

cT 
>, 

Jji 
p 
ft 

o  "3 

o 

n 

:; 

•5 
a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Iba.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Ptas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

.a 

p 
A 

ft 

=  J 

0      " 

& 
1 

Sweet  potntorg,  bush 
els  of. 

63 
64 
65 
66 

• 
69 

71 

73 

74 
, 
76 

78 
79 
80 
81 
89 
83 
84 
85 

87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
1 
93 
94 
95 
96 
, 
98 
99 
100 

I 
; 
104 

. 

107 

- 

110 
111 

• 
: 

37.  423 
8,361 

211,  7-JI 
14.888 

aj,  996 
25.781 

24,  051 
14,894 
1H,  1*8 
14,571 
6,991 
8,  -Jill 
S3,  8"4 
(i,  006 
11).  (illl 
17,  162 
19.S66 
11,704 
38,  826 
44,  390 
17,810 
7,  428 
U,  359 
2.'>.  774 
32,  908 
4.-,,  Ml 
8,  267 
5,  674 

3:!.  117:1 
11,'Jli'J 

14,  280 
14,361 

2."),  391 

58,  512 
1:1,  738 
1:1,  993 

13,  071 
5,  599 
S7,  786 
I'J.'Jlli 
7,  110 
24,  294 
10,  170 
11,430 
13,  603 
2--'.  8117 
15,  081) 
13,  021 
10,971 

8,  s:i(i 

$805,  530 

134,  5f«) 

•II  I.IIIH) 
319.990 
243,  365 
5(i(),  008 
W>2,  7,-)3 
5(16.  422 
444,  147 
271),  9:15 
340,  571) 
136,  '.'00 
114,681 
407,  C83 
11)5,  1(14 
1(>1,  043 
304,  525 
833.  044 
S38,  689 
1,013,8113 
913,694 
590,  028 
148,  475 
348,  325 
704,  008 
840,  066 
1,  1(18,  130 
139,  0(11 
130,517 
C39.  831 
203,  1(10 
311,378 
282,  10J 
913,  eiilil 
1,  l!)9,2(Xi 
331,789 
3.51,443 
171,033 
191,  555 
674,  545 
249,  030 
140,  112 
481,  169 
218,  086 
237,  898 
310,303 
456.  621 
332,  549 
242.  623 
380,  187 
156,  003 

71,213 
30,  203 
8,  638 
93.  192 
30.  07  1 
30,719 
18  094 
27,  !I84 
12.  144 
20,243 
52,  707 
14,  (108 
6,  783 
58,  509 
9,  174 
5.  803 
148,  322 
91,781 
18,771 
142,  401 
91,  273 
50,  785 
7,  3(1(1 
8,  143 
63,  973 
8,  359 
24,507 
5,715 
0,  047 
203,  409 
12,  857 
5(1,814 
112,7:12 
111,478 
50,  294 
4,  204 
10,  801 
49,811 
4,  323 
7,  673 
24,  279 
14,013 
10.  184 
20,  300 
10.  228 
2,  7,-tl 
68.  120 
35.  963 
20,  109 
42.  332 
15,  870 

2,  506 
1,952 

8  C70 

1,  168,  1411 
161  394 

66,  042 
23  345 

90 

453,  253 
5  477 

100 

35,680 
6,633 
26,271 
13,  625 
2,  I'M 
22,  274 
45,  885 
24,  404 
15,211 
40 
11,202 
6.144 
5,  797 
12,  389 
4,  024 
811 
14,820 
35,  129 
10,981 
58,  8C5 
31,  696 
21,  932 
5,  634 
18.  524 
30,  613 
36,  394 
36,  655 
5  3'""' 
4,721 
17.  700 
12,  054 
13  9'8 

480 
C27 
1,781 
90 
589 

2,  18(1 
O.* 
304 
320 
16 
10 
502 
666 
90 
500 
1,993 
81 
1,  390 
531 
1,  303 
81 
10 
677 
381 
878 
4.  248 
120 
909 
1,  700 
201 
480 
926 
1.012 
3,004 

26,  544 
5,  982 
22,  938 
7,836 
7,  130 
17,816 
19,  232 
14,520 
9,  t88 
6,155 
8,056 
7,665 
2,260 
21,  162 
2,  099 
3,  248 
16,011 
8,  534 
10,  408 
12,  345 
44,  887 
12,914 
4,  322 
14,  649 
13.  002 
18,  044 
24,313 
6.788 
2.831 
37,  301 
9,  479 
12,  170 
15,264 
260,  343 
29,  387 
10,643 
12,  558 
10,  342 
4,  968 
27,  949 
8,  020 
4,895 
18,  640 
2,647 
7,580 
6,  167 
23,  320 
13,  686 
6.0C8 
7,  140 
4,  950 

2,480 
2,  4W 
1,093 
2,280 
2,  944 
2,519 
5,  268 
3,  896 
2,  509 
1,617 
2,  750 
164 
4,  142 

e::8 

1,701 
3,481 
3,  963 
1,7(10 
1,683 
3,  205 
8,  602 
3,  972 
698 
3C9 
2,  803 
6,  -.71 
2,857 

3,  "97 
4,001 
1,362 
3  746 
2.  276 
22   172 
2,  338 
160 
573 
4,576 
2,  91.3 
2,319 
11,536 
1,762 
578 
1,491 
1,987 
5CO 
1,9)6 
1,260 
5.  760 

7i  1  1178 

2°  107 

19  513 

1,089 

40 
554 

8,214 
636 

122 
280 

4,  499 
402 
120 
1,373 
267 
175 
1,672 
500 
2,  24(1 
1,907 
10,  220 
8,  894 
610 
6,  105 
447 
2,  P04 
2,  853 
1,725 
0-1 
734 
457 
3,  261 
949 
5,  224 
4,051 
4,681 
4,  099 
441) 
778 
2,541 
695 
487 
4.  095 
2,  344 
1,401 
220 
1,  003 
5,  119 
801 
3,  992 
1,  028 

341,670 

513.  095 
824,  170 
1,277,1117 
645;035 
533.  570 
802,  306 
393.  637 
2(17.  300 
159,  190 
402,  571 
111,610 
197,  500 
327,  340 
1,  111,840 
244,  260 
1,079,450 
1,783,297 
656,  877 
205,  205 
620,  105 
766,  940 
1,152,350 
1,670,  41  1 
165,740 
127,480 
876,  405 
367,  32!  1 
282,  300 
273,  549 
1,023,102 
1,  809.  090 
385,615 
671,  484 
328,  940 
134,  140 
890,  835 
320,  710 
1  60,  310 
509,  809 
211,405 
300,  198 
389.013 
651,  570 
265.  751 
273.  674 
325.  070 
239,  690 

18,279 
1,  280 
2.  700 
38,  789 
51,690 
17,  996 
1,  123 
4!)  285 

60  100 

38   (125 

1,325,384 
587,071 
3,888 
2  400 

670 
102 
4,  95,. 
179  454 

10,  094 
733 
37.711 
1,  367 
95 
19,798 
50,  122 
27,  205 
40,  195 
74,  270 
64,  634 
7,687 
6,188 
40,  833 
10,  700 
14,  873 
800 
824 
119,874 
33,  933 
6,  188 
12,  263 
172,  646 
60,918 
7,  159 
8,  422 
2,  028 
1,580 
25,  583 
3.  699 
6,  299 
19  102 

9 

7,915 
3,  320 
4  280 

1 

41 

30,  020 
1,320 
1,  194,  710 
5  220 

240 
16 
5 
100 
249 

200 
8,610 

18,  320 
2,600 
49,  021 
4(1,  040 
1,918,715 

20 

338,  865 
3,714 

5  4°5 

362,  150 
19  963 

9  070 

37  200 

8,  980 
7,  642 
37,  824 
17  267 

100 

10,000 
478,  010 
1  18,  820 
30,  207 
16,  600 
11,490 
391,597 
179  9°0 

30 

110 

21,017 
4,  499 
5,  894 
27,  270 
9,  114 
5.  188 
20,  008 
6,  049 
9.  194 
!>.  4,-  1 
10,  040 
14.  323 
11.021 
10,418 
9,  490 

1,038 

487 
885 
3,219 
2,787 
500 
1,014 
38 
255 
433 
4.-J9 
300 
7C8 
279 
508 

10 

10,  877 
19,  100 

12,  129 

203.  549 

2.  559 
7,  928 
26.  696 
109  370 

27  025 

6,  590 
4  905 

• 
5 

8C8.518 
1,460 

14,610 
5.  482 
51,294 
6,  363 

51  519 

97  360 

10,681 

2,  3.vi,  42," 

,r,:;,  093,  673 

4,  227,  586 

293,  262 

72,  892,  157 

3,  080,  870 

9,767 

25,  080,  190 

41,  188 

2,  069,  778 

107,  999 

1,  990,  850 

335,102 

STATE    OF  MISSOURI 


AGRICULT U R E  . 


COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

o 

1 

3 
^ 

>* 

™ 
3 

a 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orcharil  products, 
value  of. 

AVioe,  gallons  of. 

Markc  t-frardon  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Dutter.  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

c 

c 
o 

X 

£ 
1—  1 

~    o 
1 

,a 

T     ^ 

^      0 

0 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

ins 

2,  383 
20 
7,112 
102 
290 
40 
1,711 
2,  5K1 
1,  8!K) 
40 
o 

492 
3 
2,414 

$18,017 
711 
4,958 
3,  838 
3,  0110 
2,  043 
7,  0110 
7,  473 
4,031 

15 

$6,  C2C 
40 

197 

174,  733 
49,  993 
177,  228 
74,  535 
77,  480 
105,  450 
194,  547 
97.  500 
109,  007 
140 
72,  708 
34,  395 
30,318 
!I3,  758 
29,  405 
39,  190 
52,  023 
138,  900 
til,  545 
200,  353 
220,815 
158,  770 
25,  270 
210.  7JO 
101.907 
135,312 
283,  831 
23,281 
43,901 
78.  072 
73,750 
81.709 

n  1,911 

211,047 
275,  450 
110,738 
107,  057 
23,  853 
39,  735 
305,  585 
98,  985 
31,  139 
109.847 
43,  145 
58.  596 
80,829 
111,710 
34,  8110 
64,481 
61,032 
50,  323 

3,  129 
085 
(!,  527 
1,589 

9,  958 
379 
3,  503 
1,  055 
279 
2,  834 
7,  829 
3,841 
2,  105 
18 
1,120 
4,  785 
4:1 
1,  303 
S3 
01 
1,039 
0,  028 
992 

8,  o::s 

0,  1)83 
2,181 

no 

9.  298 
6.  859 
5,  127 
5,  185 
150 
10 
9.  325 
1,413 
2,  (111 
1,834 
29.203 
8,  380 
6.  340 
5,  338 
334 
48 
8,  237 
303 
19G 
4,  354 
79 
171 
972 
3,  453 
2,121 
39G 
D-17 
110 

70 
05 
17 

552 
411 
357 
30-' 

37 

183 
7 
50 
20 
9C1 
11 

27 

3 

Miller 

200 

1,520 

0 
12 
11 
8 
o 

10 

3,510 
3,  127 
1,532 
85 

8::o 
561 

330 

24? 
27 

1,770 
5 

73 

Morgan  

New  Madrid 

1,178 

20 

2,510 
£00 
490 
335 
2C8 
960 
4,  935 
810 
1,741 
2.  304 
2,511 
1,115 
1,110 
2,  19(i 
1,  010 
8,  570 

1 

277 

150 

135 

2,  098 
ICO 
413 
18,908 

11,570 
3,  840 
15,  138 
38,  199 
3,  440 
140 
383 
10,192 
9.  578 
10,789 
216 
241 
22,  878 
1,530 
11,051 
13,782 
41,579 
13,  155 
405 
1,020 
1,  423 
275 
4,187 
1,401 
738 
1,739 
258 
172 
I,2t3 
D,  488 
8,  875 
1,301 
1,510 
935 

8 
022 

18,354 

100 

4 

130 

~ 

Ozark 

191 

217 
1,071 

512 
1,258 
1,219 
50 
20 
8,  502 
1,709 
1,821 
2,  207 
50 

125 
1,137 
210 
C1I9 
2,  COO 
2,  138 
300 

24 

003 

910 

210 
301 
378 

18 

20,  <»1 
367 
10 
324 

1,7(11 
S3 
10 

c 

40 
127 
100 

5 
34 

4 

51 

14 
1 
] 

191 

8 

Pettis  .  . 

Phflps  

Piko  

100 
4'J 
10 

Platto  

3 
10 

Polk 

Pulaakl 

453 
950 
1,230 
575 
95 

794 
023 
202 
1,221 

Ilallri  . 

25 
119 

0 

Randolph 

Uav  

17 

Hinlev 

285 
402 
500 
419 
00 

r""> 

3.  275 
6,  009 
8.329 

70 
9 
217 
02 

St.  Charles  

17,  424 
10 
1,266 
0,  827 
13,  934 
8,9)3 
40 
230 
1,853 
29 
575 
05 

991 
560 
53 
151 
4,  141 
1,505 
4,  740 
0,233 
320 
45 
10,202 
93 
53 
D,  040 

774 
5 
1 
2,  580 
310 
170 

1,028 

71 

14 

i; 
3 
43 

.    1" 
14 

475 

St  Cliiir 

49 
193 

30 

103,  27  1 
4,010 

Saline 

809 
513 
1,  301 

Schuyler  

100 

1 
211 

Scott 

3 

30 
2.470 
2,415 
233 
7119 
15 
03 
420 
238 
10 
20 

405 
8,  775 
183 
209 
3,  522 
190 
500 
1,025 
170 
485 
458 
1,240 
25C 

Shelby 

140 
90 

103 
1 
47 
41 

1,709 

81 
29 
3E8 

GO 
50 
359 
287 
89 
40 

551 

5 

03 
736 
1,175 

118 
87 
101 
21 

8.-, 
5,  437 
3UO 

8 

1,801 

3 
38 
29 

105 

10 

1 

Webster 

Wright  

51 

37. 

1 

Total  

228,502 

182,292 

810,975 

27  827 

340,  405 

12,  704,  837 

259,  633 

401,  070 

2,210 

55,713 

2,203 

STATE    OF   MISSOURI. 


AGUICULTUIIE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  sluugliH-ivd,  value  of. 

63 
64 
65 
66 

68 
69 
70 
71 
72 

76 

78 
79 

• 

82 
83 
84 
83 

. 
- 
89 
90 
91 

94 
95 

91; 

97 
98 
99 

102 
103 
104 

• 
112 

HEMP. 

Flux,  pounds  of. 

o 

a 
z 

^ 

73" 

ki 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Muple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cuue  sugar,  uhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Muple  mohiKBOs,  gul- 
loua  of. 

i 

, 
•?  **• 

£  o 

3  » 

^  ^ 

S  — 

I 

o 

» 
I 

11 

It 
Ti 

: 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Miunif:icturen.  homo- 
miidf,  vulite  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

AVutcrrnttcd.tons 
of. 

| 

p, 
t  - 

P.  3 
t-  "" 
a 

5 

211 

0 

50 

20J 
180 

825 
2,  035 
3.  159 
1,012 

9 
1-17 

172 
31 

2  105 

: 

3,  !!,"j2 
8,  OGl 
25,4]-) 
8,716 

sao 

391 
433 

2,8iU 
3011 
5  :: 
3111 
393 
49J 
1G3 

17,410 
(i,  448 
58,506 
4,390 
7,  510 
2,388 
3D,  3!)'J 
11,  3l  i4 
2,  %7 

t20,  !>25 
14,  982 
3:),  9:18 
17,  i:;i 
1,800 
17,  XH 
S).  271 
1:1.570 
13,  -S.UI 

$177,  P43 
30,  «42 
80,477 
50,  925 
54,450 
91,812 
139,  051 
K>,  81.7 
61,490 

10 
2,  21)7 
270 

4 

5 

5;) 

185 

CO 
252 

1.5.TO 
1,241 
290 

173 
115 
4 

350 
2  098 

3,306 

4,810 
9,232 

350 
4 

3,026 

325 
352 
131 
933 

120 

10,  C79 
872 
1 
2,  398 
3,010 
552 
230 
7  (i  ") 

S39 

43 
127 
321 
47 
2,018 
231 

6,  830 
2,  150 
3,506 

3,  308 
853 

23,  RW 
3,  08!) 
2,113 
2.  144 
3'),  249 
2(1,  1  7:! 
9,  03:) 
2.  635 
38,068 
17.  973 
10,  :i(il 

963 
5:2 
4,021 
1,825 
2,098 
1,417 
395 
21,086 
34,  388 
29,  592 
. 
8,W 
3d,  713 
6,715 
4,770 
50,  0:!3 
942 
2,  121 
12,257 
3,880 
728 
2.988 
6,921 
3,732 

12,  131 
13,  170 
6,  KM 
2:),  481 
5,848 
1,  907 
15,  0:i3 
13.359 
1  1  ,  H02 
4fi,  157 
24.  702 
35,  :l'« 
5,  187 
2(1,  11!) 
2(i,  224 
21,494 
110.  115 
6,684 
9,  27« 
3,  CUtf 
6,  002 
14,  123 
C,!H7 
180 
15.  276 
18.510 
15,  572 

2,  ::23 

10,507 
52,  025 

11.  i-;; 

5,  5:ifi 
37,  817 
9,  2«i 
12.  939 
25,  939 
7,317 
10,  930 
2).  K~a 
15,  657 
10,  294 

51.215 
25,  159 
15,706 
83,  :183 
17,  030 
21),  524 
C2,  OKI 

1  10,  ;ty> 

70,  83(i 
231,547 
231,  702 
81,423 

5'.).  7LO 
114,701 
120,  8!« 
254.344 

2«.  756 
30,  127 
15).  UOii 
41.059 
68,298 
62,  861 
114.375 
203,617 
54.  58li 
79.  274 
43.  385 
30,  2GO 
158,838 
44.  094 
22,  fi«2 
78,988 
29.100 
41,220 
52,  032 
122,  5!>8 
63.598 
59,  Ml 
40,  14:1 
27,  tiO'D 

1 

18 
11 
13 

* 

1 

... 

35 

23(i 
20 

30 

287 
70 
1,  510 
1,  27G 

0 
10 
84 
133 

1,044 

181 

03 

O 

(i,  809 
12,  354 

. 

21,1«U 
4,  645 
17,701 
0  895 

532 
2.  585 
1,  121 
644 
203 
1.38S 
802 

2,  8.T7 
217 
88 
110 
60 
72 
228 
i  < 

an 

1,  427 
64  7 
304 
31 
1,  572 
U13 
279 
o  071 

1,  108 
1,793 

500 

90 

1,  532 

100 

129 
25 

252 
414 
3,001 
2,230 
2,050 
582 
785 

C2 

1 

10 

104 
13  013 

50 
3 



28 

178 
41 
212 
80 

875 
553 

123 

3,038 
7l» 
5,  !>32 
1,335 

162 

5 

1 

208 

311 

.     (i.  :>i;i 

13,374 

<J8I 
343 
40 
10,  391 
2,  1211 
Sfi2 
32 
2,230 
10,239 
15,  727 

101 
50 
3«3 
200 

100 

2"u 

; 

5 
15 

930 

140 
115 

46 

3,  KU 

1,577 

13 

60 

470 

80 
655 

430 
4,  853 
90 
387 
3,331 
.1 
950 
231 
283 
200 

77 

3,341 

(i,  721 
3,003 
5,13:! 
19  320 

371 
8 
4 

170 

861 

1,  518 

18 

5°0 

40 

4,712 
13,  392 

7,  :J:M 

507 
030 
4,458 
10,933 

9,  029 

20 
S)fi 
730 
387 
162 
280 
4:)-.' 
31U 

83 
: 
14 

13 

40 

1,001! 
1   559 

209 
307 

294 
59 

fill 

4,  3IS 
1,969 
1,090 

18 
:. 
134 

3,  097 

1   l°(i 

- 

l.'i.  783 

1,51)7           1,'.)7-J 

109,837 

4,050 

127 

142,  028 

402 

•  18,  289 

23,303 

7m;,  in 

Til,  !90 

1,585,983 

1,  984,  282 

n,  814,  449 

9G 


STATE    OF    NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 
4 

fi 
7 
8 
9 
10 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

I 

^ 

_g 

p« 

S 

1 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxeu. 

« 
O 

D, 

148,  824 
179,  000 

200,  229 
114,  820 
436,841 
309,  790 
327,  377 
238,  103 
133,  574 
218,  410 

83,224 
178,  333 
97,  932 
S21,  113 
258,  702 
134,  825 
140,419 
*     l.:,240 
CO,  051 
74,  792 

$4,  215,  070 
3,  099,  599 
5,  981,  030 
2,  800,  1C!) 
9,  972,  200 
10,  279,  300 
10,213,110 
11,790,310 
5,  931,  755 
4,  800,  555 

$141,751 
1C8.  047 

173,551 
470,  ICG 
302,  733 
300,214 
379,  749 
217,015 
150,  059 

2,395 
3,235 
3,810 
2,802 
7,870 
5,  082 
5,140 
4,014 
2  370 



5,098 
7,  250 
8,  453 
5,  073 
15,371 
15,  285 
12,  331 
11,409 
5,  950 
7,  55  1 

3,887 
5,003 
4,  095 
2,612 

5,770 
7  228 
0,  24  1 
3,913 
3,  345 

8,  940 
9,  951 
11,447 
7,749 
20,  272 
15,  831 
17,810 
10,229 
5,317 
10,529 

12,  194 
39,  079 
15,  115 
100,  405 
14,835 
45,  270 
11,097 
0,  t".)7 
52,  107 

9 

Graf  toil  

1 

Straff  ord 

3,741 

Total 

2;  307,  034 

1,  377,  591 

09,  GSU,  701 

2,083,012 

41,  101 

10 

94,  fc'80 

51,512 

118,075 

310,  53-4 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

o 

•2 

0 

«- 

A 

-? 

COUNTIES. 

"o 

Ja 

'o    *4 

0 

C    o 

5 

,0 

o 

3 

3 

0 

D 

a 

•5  -5 

a 

1 

1 

thj 

o 

a 

£    ° 

2    o 

| 

o 

J3 

u 

"§ 

.9 

H 

a 

o 

s 

o 

A 

« 

O 

^ 

^ 

P 

W 

O 

a 

E 

1 

3  1°4 

GO'i 

30 

2°0 

12 

1  031 

2  183 

37  °°G 

1GG 

CGI  000 

90  'J7-~* 

50 

2,  3d 

21  044 

no  o->> 

1  O'1*) 

507  3nO 

50  838 

278 

207 

S,  393 

4 

Coos  

7  331 

384 

o 

300  °31 

113  °93 

35  30° 

834 

2  240 

7  299 

7  517 

15  500 

38  °73 

5  GIG 

1  34  G  3''4 

400  478 

Ul  449 

10  708 

783 

37  090 

6 

Ilillriborough  

11,  90S 

3,  1)83 

88,  346 

2,  077 

22,018 

908,  399 

225,  G48 

83.  945 

533 

759 

38,  600 

7 

9  481 

4?1  030 

85  812 

15° 

575 

24  231 

p 

°1°  84° 

70  °04 

7 

97 

332 

Strafford 

1G  84') 

104  °48 

43  9°0 

38 

2  C51 

10 

SulKviin  

9  l(i(i 

3  347 

1°  904 

105 

710 

585  °73 

177  831 

92 

440 

13,  047 

O   O')O   Q<JO 

64°  741 

12  69U 

5  509 

130,  428 

1 

S  T  A  T  }<]    O  F    N  K  \V    1 1  A  II  P  S  111  K  K . 


A  ( i  HI  C  U  L  T  U  K  E  . 


I.1VK  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

a 

'Z 

«; 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

\Vheat.  bugbelg  of. 

o 

•9 

s 

A 

•"i 

w 

= 

£1 

C      ° 
b 

S 
3 

•5 
a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Kice.  pounds  of. 

3 

•9 

a 
a 

O< 

o 

1 

r" 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
ot400ib«.  cadi. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

IVas  and  beans,  bush- 

<•]><:!. 

a 

s 

,C 

1  -s 

|  2 

i  * 

jB 

*c 

Sweet  potfltoeg.  bush- 
el*  of. 

1 
2 

:i 

4 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 

8,  755 
3,801 

4,  8110 
2,  574 
8,748 
7,  603 
7,515 
7,  253 
3,  71)4 
2,  94(1 

$73.3,  991 
854,  894 
1,  007,  753 
610,  311 
2,  074,  2C4 
1,387,973 
1,  482,  770 
1,  223,  351 
G8G,  349 
901,971 

19,  965 
20,831 
21,  273 
14,  7J2 
57,  632 
32,  312 
31,632 
7,  ft» 
5,317 
28,162 

4,  698 
7,098 
16,  2C4 
7,  797 
20,530 
28,553 
14,  662 
12,  917 
4,910 
10,  818 

90,  619 
105,  475 
138  728 
9,107 
162,  191 
217,  257 
230,333 
238,340 
99,940 
122,  578 

44,  781 

60.  170 
125,  230 
242,  542 
371,  209 
112,989 
141,  720 
72,286 
29,304 
129,002 

10 

42,  202 
38,620 
153,  687 
50,020 
390,  040 
8?  850 

5,346 
8,045 
5,404 
3,009 
13,  887 
10,250 
11,279 
10,431 
0,851 
4,949 

236,55!) 
317,  528 
• 
535,  477 
965,  659 
374,  121 
46:!,  158 
425,  217 
275,  570 
262,  372 

18,553 

12 

20 

6 

155,  124 
4(1,  801 
25,  173 
175,  705 

135 

6 

51,  935 

in,  924,  027 

238,  965 

128,  247 

1,  414,  638 

1,329,233 



18,581 

1,  160,  232 

79,  454 

4,  137,  M3 

161 

A  G  11 1  C  U  L  T  U  11  E . 


PRODUCED. 

c 
a 

"s 
•o' 

a 

H 

| 
• 

"3 

'c 
< 

HEMP. 

Flux,  pounds  of. 

o 
& 

3 

.0 

-^ 
H 

_2 
fa 

Silk  cocoonrt,  pounda 
of. 

*3 
& 

I'S 

s 

_» 

"H. 
• 
S 

Cane  sugar,  bhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Muple  niolasi.es,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

lleeswajc,  pounds  of. 

c 

•S 
a 

s 
c 
o, 

c 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

a. 

O 
O 

•c 

«J 

1° 

I 

Water  rotted,  tons 

of. 

•^ 

c. 
£   d 

1  " 
O 

70 
K 
60 
418 
CSS 
.23 
48 
50 
8 

2 
o 

13 

Id 

49  153 

2,884 
2  8"»4 

218 
511 
537 
182 
1,569 
578 
435 
388 
220 
278 

6,814 
4,529 
6,  541 
21,097 
41,652 
9,  948 
Ifi,  435 
6,758 
5,032 
5,746 

$1,  951 
9,716 
28,062 
11,475 
127,  320 
4,  977 
3,  054 
54,757 
3,527 
8,213 

1112,311 
110,  907 
185,  739 
97,426 
310,  462 
393,  444 
2,  026,  320 
262,  022 
132,760 
156,109 

211  441 

6 

450,  237 
300,  858 
C57,  116 

11,625 
45 
10,  640 
4,  9CO 
4,826 
1,060 
624 
4,315 

50 

5 

7 

40,547 
90,  081 
4,  034 
2  961 

1 

6 

3 

415  584 

18 

50 

13 

1,347 

30 

1 

2,  255,  012 

43,833 

4,936 

125,  142 

251,  052 

3,  787,  500 

13 


STATE   OF    NEW   JERSEY. 


A  G  11 J  C  U  L  T  U  R  E  . 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 

!   ' 
11 

12 
13 

i  ; 
15 
Ifi 
17 
18 
19 
30 
21 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OP  LAND. 

§ 

E 

£ 

O 

a 

A 

O 

Farming  implement*  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

I 

^ 

! 

g 

Unimproved,  in  farniB. 

1 

i 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

p, 

.C 
QQ 

7,  8!)7 
86,  703 
170.  077 
5.1,  733 
1!),  523 
C3.  27ti 
3.1,  678 
65,  9-1-1 
7,375 
20:!,  734 
107,591 
lOfi.  SOK 
138,  081 
130,  0113 
37.  746 
41,951 
143,  572 
153  8fo 

61,890 
30,  457 
113,331 
17,  837 
48,  -120 
40,  703 
10,  505 
36,  155 
1,421 
45,  740 
19,824 
39.  G73 
Oti,  4:i5 
119,  233 
81,  121 
48,  450 
35,  031 
21,361 
80,  335 
10,  688 
85,  804 

$680,  250 
11,834,825 
17,  552,  539 
5,  992,  105 
1,  402,  400 
4,  295,  875 
5.  332,  075 
7.  902,  445 
5,  100,  350 
15.824,190 
10,714,244 
9.  916,  005 
10,295,970 
JO,  462,  028 
2,  318,  800 
3,  769,  895 
10,241,468 
11,922,419 
11,105,233 
4,770,  150 
12,  085,  074 

?14,  709 
340,  845 
556,411 
158,  005 
66,  750 
162,  230 
148,218 
289,  636 
00,  815 
713,  850 
300,  543 
298,  142 
510,785 
307,  646 
73,  748 
8:1,  805 
341,493 
428,  124 
290,  2UO 
138,556 
378,  906 

420 
3,  4(12 
6,925 
2,119 
863 
3,  005 
2.  090 
3,  673 
502 
9,421 
4,  265 
4,  402 
6,  309 
5,145 
1,  155 
1,494 
5,251 
6,  153 
5,  020 
1,  704 
6,  257 

60 

190 
778~ 
253 

270 
44 
175 
9 
463 
454 
712 
9CO 
312 
265 
118 
579 
369 
90 
42 
180 

839 
5,129 
15,  297 
4,129 
1,988 
4,419 
3,  914 
5,681 
807 
12,  037 
0,571 
6,  044 
8.  300 
9.  093 
2,  236 
3,403 
7,  104 
8,587 
19.  240 
3,  220 
10,  180 

07 
1,322 
215 
20 
153 
232 
486 
28 
122 
•         580 
oog 

523 
400 
1,803 
197 
1,027 
30 
704 
1,  271 
399 
194 

1,130 
2,781 
7,  349 
1,525 
2.  002 
4,719 
1,  953 
S,  993 
187 
8,  597 
4,277 
4,  571 
6,795 
7.273 
2,347 
2,  814 
6,700 
6.  405 
8,018 
1,  521 
4,717 

522 
8S9 
23,411 
1,015 
2,617 
4,  177 
281 
1,918 
50 
19,  320 
8,850 
4,  093 
16,  644 
11,  654 
2,509 
2,  129 
6,413 
8,  455 
0.  127 
1,032 
12,  517 

Middlesex 

Salem  

175,  894 
56,154 

143,739 

Total  

l,!)44,44l           1,039,084 

180,  250,  333 

5,  7-10,  507 

79,707 

6,  362 

138,  818             10,  067 

89,009 

135,  228 

AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 

4 
5 
6 

7 

e 

9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
1-1 
15 
16 
17 

19 

20 
SI 

*i 

COUNTIES. 

PKODUCKD. 

o 

M 

Z 

J3 

i 
- 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

\Vine,  gallous  of. 

1 
|| 

S  > 

f    iS 

~   ' 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

*o 
3 

fA 

d 
j 

1° 
i* 
e 

> 

5 

-r: 

3 

1    "° 
| 

5 

"3 

p 

O 
C. 

at" 

P, 
£ 

36 
307 
695 
60 
58 
266 
504 
(]') 
200 
4,  202 
833 
1,167 
4,295 
2,  075 

4,  207 
54.  650 
36,  844 
8,360 
4,013 
25,  117 
10,  042 
13,501 
220 
91,835 
48,  950 
57,  828 
25,  337 
121,  548 
10,  220 
33,  403 
23,150 
4  1  ,  249 
142,  552 
15,799 
102,  501 

«494 
31  S32 
53,  !97 
10,  188 
1,837 
ti,  172 
15,  104 
15,  522 
12,  063 
60.  227 
54,  491 
21,046 
25,  460 
21,  213 
1,438 
2,  434 
27,  788 
26,  843 
18,896 
9,  323 
14,  104 

$4,  134 
295,  540 
267,  217 
193,738 
10,595 
17,222 
140,  669 
41,  500 
210,  765 
2,401 
37,  887 
43,  029 
133,  264 
8,  000 
R,  110 
42,  040 
18,  340 
3,  059 
56,  720 
r>  545 

35,  025 
440,  488 
094,  475 
418,217 
59,  670 
241,  079 
292,  933 
298,  500 
14,  826 
1,010,674 
475,  860 
451,  644 
609,  899 
706,  687 
111,895 
295,  152 
::;.;  3i  :; 
832,  845 
2,  042.  9.-7 
<x>8  285 

125 

6,  703 
22,  269 
60,  565 
14,574 
11   165 

i 

93 
325 
101 

55 
4 
1,  245 

8!) 

256 
6,672 
17 
58 
92 
630 
421 
313 
4,328 
153 
1,937 
703 
613 
5 
30 
966 
2,  2!).'» 
1,  382 
83 
219 

97,  158 
8,780 

812 
32 
13 
148 
37 
53 

940 
70 
6,  480 
30 
190 
1,  1)82 
320 
3,  510 
4 
4,  040 
2,125 
13,  737 
600 
42,  075 

26,  947 
16,  885 
21,  220 
3,  917 
31,  403 
21,199 
27,  760 
34,813 
38,  196 
10,  862 
13,  302 
35,  698 
31,  069 
43,  078 
12,  258 
24,  f  -13 

2,830 
846 

1,  951 
16 
29 

Essex  

8,  483 
2.701 
2,  723 
1,072 
3,145 
41 
70 
5,227 
3,  912 
2,287 
44 
5,  300 

2,420 
474 
297 
610 
194 
20 

74,  645 
1,783 
602 
44 
1,017 

1,114 
313 
102 
12 
4 
61 

Mercer  

403 
2,  923 
5,  3-1-1 
1411 
1,202 

4:i7 
123 

62 

1,014 

1,  079,  343 

290 

Total 

21,  915 

877,  386 

429,  402 

21,  083 

1,541,995 

10,714,417 

182,  172 

508,  726         39,  205 

85,408 

3,  7-J2 

STATK    OF    NEW    JERSEY. 


99 


A  (J  11 1  C  U  L  T  U  11 10  . 


LIVE 

STOCK. 

1 

T.ODUCED 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

*1 
« 

3 

^ 

V 

C4' 

a 
p 

.2 

f* 

O 

| 

•a 
a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

P«Mttld  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

0 

Jo 

~  *o 

S.  s 

£° 
| 

a 
3 

£ 

3  ° 

CM    "^ 
| 
Cfl 

6  301 

4(j  >>i7 

2  302 

1  251 

227 

16  657 

6  4()4 

IS"  1°7 

93  732 

300 

2  192 

1  237 

229  'K)2 

38,723 
7  880 

1,  727,  430 
351  303 

]  80,  21  2 

<;o  -i?*; 

172,  ^72 
35,  599 

1,031,224 
2!l  1,522 

239,603 

24,820 

85,300 

57,  727 
3,  (i'J5 

3,  777 
2,  627 

485,  2CO 
354,  585 

117,819 
87.  14!) 

3 

4 

2  41  1 

19  980 

5  271 

36  5-  '8 

21  700 

]o  081 

47°  747 

118  405 

9  920 

4~>4 

16°  '141 

44  548 

0 

26  740 

153  818 

54  565 

1  550 

619 

1    120 

78  688 

167 

663  806 

W*  ''07 

42  139 

425  0X1 

19,419 

4,532 

1,  155 

300  847 

585  756 

R 

1  69° 

3  005 

23  542 

9  924 

280 

1  847 

1!'  359 

515 

°41  80*) 

120  741 

1  085  711 

830  653 

1 

57,  161 

2  926 

9-,  985 

480 

36  0-19 

59-1  8*17 

475  963 

47  300 

16  126 

2  038 

140  9*11 

8  133 

55  795 

487  115 

350  592 

8  718 

2  0"I4 

156  102 

1"  151 

143  OJ)6 

07  'Vt,| 

871  877 

233  014 

1  400 

38  183 

507 

1  051  525 

42  029 

59  G53 

T.I    ID!) 

638  384 

354  920 

11  430 

28,  603 

1  083 

13!)  208 

101 

' 

10  001 

34  803 

164  548 

12  519 

8 

7  844 

245 

61  9G3 

6  501 

1^ 

0  688 

45  145 

113  810 

57  911 

10 

5,  76fi 

743 

95  055 

2 

iff 

23'}  4fH 

15  343 

749  781 

211   182 

225 



17,  '.12!) 

508 

435,  272 

100  6(15 

98  9°7 

748  7'10 

741  °28 

212 

18  C26 

1  802 

6'}  OC5 

350 

- 

°'J8  "3° 

50")  341 

274  ()15 

1  250 

21,507 

186 

113  0'I8 

10 

, 

10  6'H 

15  010 

194  580 

100  576 

I 



2,  437 

275 

54  660 

12 

n 

176  808 

°17  12:1 

K  :  ;;  i  •    . 

312  900 

219 

40,  943 

1,837 

93  970 

SO 

236,  oey 

1(>,  KM.CftJ 

1,  7G3,  218 

1,  439,  497 

9,  723,  336 

4,  539,  13J 



149,  485 

34?,  250 

• 

27,  674 

4,171,690 

1,034,832 

A  G  R  I  C  U  L  T  U  U 10  . 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

1 
9 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
- 
9 
1 
11 
12 
1 
14 
IS 
U 
17 
- 
19 

2t 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pouuds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hlids.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Heeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rottod,  tons 
of. 

•o 
I 
It 

V 

i.    -O 
V 

a 

6 

280 

90 
115 
321 
33 

2,08fi 
5,  6!I5 
10,1113 
Mil 
745 
9.  03H 
3,495 
462 
100 
19,  161 
7,825 
8,137 
9,322 
31,886 
1,  575 
7,162 
12,273 
8.772 
25.  187 
2,994 
18,581 

$511 

$24,  522 
108,  795 
669,  126 
136,399 
55,649 
150,603 
275,656 
237,623 
1,230 
291,  661 
227.  216 
168,307 
312,853 
210,  856 
103,  143 
59,076 
280.  021 
240,  685 
308,  319 
41,703 
216,833 

145 


324 

55 
36 

375 
253 
1,340 
602 
120 

20 

2,432 

131 
126 

50 
20 

1 

1 

8 

345 
2,994 

230 

44,589 
1,775 

2,674 
178 

9 

42 
263 

294 
369 
608 
1,801 
83 
141 
185 
38S 
1,095 
388 
1.031 

20 

3,079 
250 
3,777 
5,109 

2,  106 
990 
1,220 

2,088 



200 

434 

'" 





5 

156 
8 

142 

1,578 
123 

„  (,55 



12 

60 

3 

28G 

!l 

4,437 

| 

2:w 

200 

48,051           3,241   !  

:i,  435 

8,088 

396           8.  130 

1  S3.  !>->5                 27.  588           4,  120,  576 

100 


STATE    OF    NEW   YORK. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
•9 
10 
11 

13 
14 

15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
31 
33 
33 
24 
85 
36 
27 
38 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
'36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
43 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
90 
51 

53 
54 

55 

56 
57 
58 
51) 
00 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Ca.sh  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  ill  farnlH. 

Uiiimprovert,  in  farmH. 

1 

S 
w 

Aflses  and  mules. 

| 

a 

Working  oxeu. 

Other  cattle. 

cL 

55 

246,  098 
288,  240 
186,  530 
297,  134 
315,  183 
388,  154 
117,998 
379  520 

58,  745 
220,  085 
121,700 
257,  279 
91,325 
210,  OSS 
76,095 
150,  737 
126,  954 
52,027 
88,  576 
310,  845 
79,  609 
166,  829 
255,  783 
144,  550 
60,  970 
50,043 
105,  500 
32,  930 
124,  839 
293,  490 
1,031 
*  108,  960 
93,009 
80,  788 
58,  507 
35,  702 

310 

71.  796 

iee,  087 

87,  043 
79,  394 
81,  596 
45,  OC6 
146,  500 
159,  608 
35,  244 
43,  549 
70,  809 
4,  743 
24,  994 
278,  130 
103,  807 
21,482 
103,  803 
55,  239 
33,  631 
320,  293 
215,  071 
185,  682 
102,  561 
62,  999 
163,  963 
123,  915 
98,028 
63,039 
25,073 
91,  150 
43,  227 

$15,  164,  441 
11,  188,  723 
8,  671,  591 
11.210,205 
20,  584,  477 
18,419,422 
7,  150,  967 
14,  750,  987 
6,  921,  167 
21,  270,  066 
9,  846,  985 
11,907,050 
—  30,  003,  990 
19,  935,  213 
4,  709,  701 
6,  384,  796 
4,  036,  050 
13,  885,  417 
9,  975,  040 
321,  197 
16,  583,  798 
25,542,788 
6,  247,  950 
8,  264,  029 
15,  987,  573 
14,  251,  554 
—   26,209,862 
11,033,029 
9,  561,  350 
13,  398,  984 
23,  931,  388 
23,  959,  117 
18,644,392 
21,010,783 
11,123,723 
12,  585,  540 
18,  807,  944 
6,874,210 
18,  090,  150 
17,  774,  563 
3,  327,  800 
4,  693,  250 
22,442,701 
14,  290,  241 
5,  374,  039 
10,  815,  867 
8,  207,  612 
10,  831,  37ti 
16,  665,  991 
12,641,940 
5,  202,  980 
7,  931,  129 
11,940,774 
14,  697,  101 
2,  803,  399 
16,  837,  669 
10,  951,  988 
•-  35,  661,  624 
11,  173,  680 
9,  325,  620 

$671,  060 
435,  509 
322,  038 
494,  571 
810,  135 
693,  855 
200,  166 
694,  497 
301,  870 
727,  351 
378,  467 
547,  028 
945,  810 
898,  953 
201,418 
332,380 
202,  733 
485,  045 
311,  164 
%),  581 
596,  937 
866,  040 
134,  210 
370,217 
654,  441 
535,  187 
899,  561 
452,  369 
50,  565 
527,530 
818,  215 
851,939 
681,710 
638,  823 
401,313 
560,  212 
664,  358 
184,  420 
703,  134 
634,  731 
81,245 
114,  093 
942,  808 
539,  587 
269,  213 
569,  707 
346,  662 
381,  248 
644,  377 
378,  493 
209,  637 
298,  279 
379,  177 
488,  047 
149,  860 
631,701 
371,737 
668,  945 
429,598 
380,  745 

9,  133 
9,812 
5,  114 
9,186 
14,  149 
12,  497 
3,871 
10,611 
7,595 
9,009 
6,737 
9,211 
9,770 
14,  736 
6,135 
6,807 
3,870 
10,  572 
5,408 
336 
8,631 
16,  343 
1,543 
5  222 
11,678 
10,  240 
15,  905 
7,050 
441 
11,712 
15,  030 
15,  446 
12,  547 
7,988 
8,756 
10,  471 
13,  733 
1,900 
7,258 
8,529 
561 
1,883 
19,  915 
9,919 
3,814 
9,003 
5,726 
7,169 
13,  340 
7,  322 
2,648 
5,770 
8,  263 
8,193 
3,083 
10,  544 
8,679 
6,567 
9,  275 
6,284 

17 

88 
22 
0 

59 
5 

in 

21 
7 
10 
16 
45 

22 

13,  739 
17,  184 
14,331 
23,928 
20,  084 
38,  930 
8,541 
'  42,  094 
10,  479 
15,503 
26,  722 
38,  686 
23,  960 
28,  092 
8,286 
14,741 
9,  398 
10,  343 
13,  424 
913 
41,566 
59,  512 
1,411 
26,  373 
12,  149 
26,  223 
17,  073 
20,  424 
495 
12,  691 
48,  510 
'24,  940 
12,413 
40,  406 
9,353 
21,033 
36,  847 
8,997 
8,721 
16,  767 
763 
3,039 
08,  734 
16,  035 
6,205 
20,  221 
7,507 
7,190 
25,020 
10,  508 
1  1.  2C3 
i:),lll 
14,  487 
17,  380 
5,  971 
19,  224 
11,263 
18,  956 
1(5,  621 
7,748 

1.907 
2,738 
2,734 
3,009 
1,983 
3,515 
1,  336 
2,928 
1,320 
3,876 
1,  566 
5,  057 
6,242 
2,411 
1,841 
2,147 
1,  002 
762 
2,  40-1 
310 
822 
2,114 
28 
2,  195 
804 
1,347 
1,021 
731 
16 
980 
2,  972 
1,579 
1,206 
2,  830 
705 
2,426 
2,285 
1,  900 
1,482 
2,  359 
299 
480 
4,  232 
2,522 
500 
2,307 
1,298 
593 
3,822 
1,416 
4,864 
2,114 
1,422 
4,670 
1,734 
1,080 
998 
4,  943 
1,  328 
593 

7,862 
15,  145 
9,230 
17,  836 
19,  229 
21,  788 
6,534 
22,546 
12,416 
9,  362 
11,109 
17,  868 
12.858 
15,  414 
12,  168 
10,  820 
6,  920 
12,  681 
8,223 
986 
12,  434 
23,554 
99 
9,  552 
17,  692 
16,  398 
17,  024 
11,861 
49 
12,  528 
22,338 
19,  584 
13,  438 
8,120 
13,  655 
12,  797 
20,093 
3,219 
3,941 
9,806 
534 
1,  632 
3'")  °73 
13,  460 
5,789 
15,021 
7,719 
8,847 
22,315 
10,310 
10,  874 
9,776 
12,  489 
12,  025 
5,570 
17,  361 
11,  993 
5,101 
14,  09'J 
8,726 

33,633 
81,  453 
22,  052 
40,  058 
78,  391 
54,503 
12,  590 
43,  857 
31,  808 
77,  158 
29,604 
43,  692 
60,  910 
42,  767 
45,  265 
22,  730 
13,  057 
87,  829 
20,  091 
1,827 
11,780 
34,  665 
34 
9,  605 
126,  836 
55,  316 
102,  323 
16,  936 
40 
79,  731 
33,  016 
81,677 
129,  141 
14,  703 
83,  436 
25,  203 
63,  887 
4,658 
5,079 
64,  794 
20 
1,218 
56,  522 
49,  495 
8,795 
34,  978 
46,  4S2 
33,  279 
135,  308 
19,520 
10,844 
30,  490 
49,  043 
17,  283 
17,  379 
113,  604 
45,71(1 
6,  957 
8B,  359 
72,  344 

Clinton 

188,  146 
347,  840 
20C,  750 
414,014 
392,  GC4 
304,  710 
188,  481 
176,  899 
133,  108 
222,  718 

Cortland       .... 

Erie 

Esiex  . 

2 
21 
4 

226,  745 
18,589 
279,  398 
•    519,920 
16,  006 
177,  031 
274,  069 
278,  900 
313,142 
200,  360 
1,275 
231,  865 
446,  092 
346,  120 
300,  465 
297,  987 
183,  492 
246,  676 
459,  615 
94,  726 
115,  564 
276,  008 
9,  852 
41,343 
571,  973 

2 
0 
01 
1 
33 
48 
23 

28 
16 
64 

1 
15 
20 
3 
200 
3 
14 
100 
4 
5 
4 
0 
9 
5 
47 
159 
54 
11 
8 
48 
7 
66 
o 

47 
8 
o 

Oneida 

316,  746 
98,  170 
265,  885 
347,234 
150,  357 
395,  175 
149,  182 
139,  296 
167,614 
205,  495 
262,  910 
119,  107 
345,  048 
180,  237 
234,071 
252,  236 
154,  531 

Suffolk 

Tioga  

Ulster  

Wayne            

Yates  

Total 

14,358,403 

6,616,555 

803,  343,  593 

29,  166,  695 

503,  735 

1,533 

1,  123,  634 

121,  703 

727,  S37 

2,617,865 

STATE    OF   NEW   YORK 


101 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVK  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

• 
1 
2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 

9 

- 
14 

17 
19 
31 

24 

27 

• 

- 
. 

"• 

41 
42 
43 

45 

46 

, 

49 
50 

52 

- 
57 
- 
59 

Swine. 

, 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

| 

3 

i" 

55 
•a 

n 

OatK,  bushela  of. 

Rice,  pound*  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Oinncd  cotton,  balen 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

IVaa  and  bean  8.  bush 
els  of. 

ja 

M 
R 
£ 

I     0 

a  .2 

i  * 

*U 

Sweet  potatoes,  biiah- 
els  of. 

42,238 
8,813 
8,057 
10,  532 
25,  521 
17,904 
8,275 
14,  83fi 
7,  832 
28,008 
10,  403 
14,  214 
33,798 
20,650 
5,923 
6,829 
4,  193 
21,538 
8,284 
359 
13,  552 
18,071 
1,880 
8,246 
SO,  120 
13,  144 
36,229 
14,  357 
817 
21,957 
22,030 
29,553 
26,180 
27,083 
20,910 
15,000 
14,097 
5,948 
14,207 
19,089 
1,081 
2,  530 
27,  149 
15,  103 
7,  538 
13,  884 
9,  101 
11,825 
21,243 
17,834 
0,037 
9,018 
12,602 
28,690 
3,820 
20,35:. 
19,  290 
18,  US 
!>.  39t 
13,49! 

(1,551,840 

1,  8  10,  143 
1,181,135 
1,  889,  122 
2,  0-27,  802 
2,  813,  ail 
801,240 
2,  7!>7,  020 
1,033,138 
2,  Ot>Q,  621 
1,  080,  988 
2,  708,  833 
3,  137,  733 
2,  407,  3!>5 
1,010,109 
1,  130,  943 
736,  391 
1,  788.  740 
1,301,403 
88,  257 
2,  338,  859 
3,441,925 
215,  171 
1,  404,  247 
2,110,311 
2,  188,  197 
2,  802,  177 
1,  476,  963 
77,000 
1,818,502 
3,  258,  968 
2,914,556 
2,410,328 
2,574,411 
1,  470,  809 
1,  885,  609 
2,  845,  929 
750,  020 
1,  318,  919 
.    1,903,351 
149,  651 
359,  705 
3,  994,  400 
1,  799,  822 
692,  213 
1,805,927 
1,076,663 
1,  152,  936 
2,  000,  414 
1,314,027 
905,  698 
1,  182,  028 
1,  526,  031 
1,  920,  322 
590,79 
2,  238,  701 
1,505,848 
1,  953,  644 
1,730,096 
1,  262,  880 

32,  119 
172,  198 
67,  498 
154,173 
53fi,  370 
235,  427 
94,  785 
54,  623 
112,069 
15,018 
61,388 
57,  619 
60,302 
149,  399 
09,  391 
145,  158 
19,586 
301,144 
ei,540 
1,921 
48,560 
574,  369 
21,927 
73,502 
270.785 
156.  591 
300,  808 
47,649 

212,315 
10,  829 
r>"i  i  °7 

4,046 
15,411 
2,  851 
36,750 
27,103 
24,  325 
547,902 
6,200 
100,  713 
3G9,  818 
40,653 
19,  638 
32,  (Ml 
29,681 
38,  430 
121,734 
1,304 
31,223 
47,  134 
4,493 
11,  900 
68,560 
16,426 
159,  810 
49,  875 

202,  541 
88,826 
149,  329 
192,029 
895,  464 
442,  937 
173,  644 
113,266 
112,890 
537,  113 
115,558 
41,813 
687,  158 
4  14,  304 
94,  194 
84,  900 
64,  483 
613,  220 
185,  595 
1,987 
158,  441 
435,  645 
84,  782 
43  912 

891,512 
750,  891 
540,233 
416,571 
1,  100,  988 
394,550 
584,329 
775,  522 
491,656 
1,118,589 
435,551 
790,  907 
1,  175,  430 
684,  866 
256,  325 
284,  229 
357,  895 
385,  217 
405,  370 
19,  323 
704,  217 
571,813 
9,835 
289,  734 

2,002 
5 
25  042 

116,839 
283,  595 
64,  008 
132,  784 
288,958 
195,  048 
39,  702 
167,  539 
97.  849 
266,220 
104,  099 
127,128 
183.  057 
148,163 
162,  597 
79,020 
4".  16!) 
351,249 
59,  742 
4,  081 

38,  319 
39,  584 
2,  584 
19,  008 
21,501 
8,568 
3.  130 
7,  972 
28,538 
3,  471 
10,547 
3.  032 
1,037 
35,  348 
14,  442 
22,  820 
13,413 
59,  333 
5,663 
274 
24,917 
79,  238 

643,  808 
5-18,  085 
192,813 
409,  379 
431,423 
512,  091 
148,  553 
309  673 

• 
- 
60 
4 
161 
303 
147 

350 
307,903  i 

1,875 

455,  831 
15,592 
13 
720 
401 
835 
178,  130 

670,  276 
492,  791 
190,  181 
429,  331 
304,458 
956,  181 
411,777 
895,  612 
170,  000 
457,  141 
30!),  067 
47,  596 
309,511 
555,325 
607,  182 
S!0,  706 
371,7:19 
357,  389 
1,312,215 
183,  097 
4,  790 
549,404 
958,  147 
650,227 
504,970 
215,  106 
298,  535 
648,  903 
5C2,  372 
66,741 
093,  438 
1,  026,  809 
25,  750 
66,  439 
1,09-1,718 
931,  577 
190,099 
350,479 
100,  972 
197,  952 
051,  573 
285,272 
185,299 
237,  860 
206,317 
313,  953 
210,029 

1,1-18,  4:;o 

323,  644 
370,  007 
396,  072 
194,748 

17 

29 
69 
300 

50 

25 
87,  550 

2,  000 

30 
10 

65 
750 

• 

9,761 
23,  258 
38,158 
45,210 
110,155 
40,71? 
417 
55,  032 
36,  730 
73,  287 
49,149 
925 
121,570 
22,  803 
40,  224 
1,00-1 
133,  922 
7,  480 
377 
16 
92,  200 
8,  448 
13,030 
50,028 
5,  288 
2,183 
75,027 
2,059 
1,283 
4,  154 
7,114 
1,  270 
3,125 
11,030 
10,  325 
1,301 
45,087 
7.  591 

150 

31.401" 
4<i4,  518 
205,  309 
388.285 
57,  970 

70 

662,  715 
313,311 
1,  183,  269 
182,  021 
2,  450 
731,  907 
630,  328 
9(Xi.  502 
803,267 
Ki8,  743 
523,  957 
546,  835 
93,  259 
316,279 
517,  758 
292,  801 
46,  865 
81,640 
263,  562 
400,  314 
120,  108 
130,708 
212,934 
630,  892 
208,  802 
500,  042 
87,  049 
213,  563 
3  19,  472 
375,  002 
82,  894 
473,  522 
624,  824 
462,  986 
185,  225 
390,  492 

614,470 
779,  437 
1,034,623 
1,056,651 
10 
625,  535 
1,  089,  273 
1,  197,  792 
761,  150 
512,  137 
406,  747 
402,  778 
1,  244,  550 
94,  775 
257,  951 
764,  182 
26,335 
54,  917 
828,  007 
611,963 
410,  023 
890,108 
494,545 
(172.  142 
1,294,312 
374,  726 
180,599 
671,006 
865,781 
579,  153 
126,  489 
788,  575 
657,  120 
351,  529 
416,  968 
402,  610 

163,  619 
498,  979 

44 

299 
140 

133,  862 
93,907 
632,566 
490,  257 
34,  659 
115,070 
116,  433 
106,552 
2,156 
134,  458 
36,751 
9,  076 
1,937 
.    579,810 
34,  855 
10,  180 
93,  272 
169,  988 
368,296 
430,158 
174,  943 
4,  120 
90,969 
194,  057 
11,594 
23,668 
30,  701 
241,  004 
24,200 
193,  761 
229,854 

69,428 
45,308 
22,208 
73,894 
233,  843 
77,022 
72,  250 
46,609 
23,  355 
77,  790 
284,  273 
5,451 
38,635 
41,  532 
158,  490 
57,687 
147,511 
43,350 
21,300 
88,004 
66,854 
131,  205 
51,  245 
61,  171 
322,691 
21,800 
136,  566 
47,  077 
114,20-1 
19,  615 
100,060 

30,030 
220,  006 
2,  939,  278 
99,050 
170 
4°  665 



261,591 
117,  435 
330,836 
505,546 
31,248 
270,  881 
85,  707 
244,  118 
12,  801 
12,  526 
217,  151 

232 
65 
599 
4 

1 

103 

30,  830 
6,  015 

000 
2  000 

760 
60 
1,311 

205 
25 
1,000 
800 
0  °80 

1,559 
204,  490 
157,  793 
33,  613 
114,991 
165,  800 
114,917 
441,747 
53,013 
28,654 
82,335 
444,  770 
48,909 
56,  775 
405,  597 
158,374 
20,425 
329,  079 
275,  311 

175 

142  022 

50 
42 
854 
367 

6,250 
171   057 

5  0(10 

522 
17,305 

155 

131,405 
0,435 

. 

0 

58,280 
2,925 
28 
45,295 

100 

3 
5 

910,  17H 

i 
103,850,2%       8,681.105 

4,  786,  905 

20,061,049 

35.  175.  134 

5,  704,  582 

9.  454.  474        1,  609,  339 

26,  447,  394 

7,  529 

102 


STATE    OF    NEW   YORK. 


AGRICULTURE. 


• 
1 

3 
4 

5 
(i 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

13 
14 

15 
16 

17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
-  • 

S3 
•J. 
25 
X 
27 
28 
H» 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
:,. 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
4'2 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
07 
58 
59 
00 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

o 

•r. 

c 

Tinckwlii'iit.  bimlu'ls 
of. 

"o 

1  ° 

'E  * 

c 
g 

6 

"\Vine,  gallons  of. 

c 

"3 

c   £ 

!«• 

~£  ^ 

^ 

c 

•o 

a 
o 
p, 

pq 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

c 
C 

£ 

^ 

-r. 

£ 

h 

0 

> 
o 

5 

n 
u 

3 

,0 

*s  ° 

2 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

10,302 

:is,  -174 
1,875 
11,  5»3 

196,  278 
149,555 
116,915 
62,  843 
101,453 
41,062 
124,  978 
85.  .123 
60,  857 
156,  825 
37,  210 
222,  368 
77.  901 
8",  223 
22,  978 
27,  %0 
73,  078 
57,  676 
141,113 
6,766 
58,  872 
7,711 
65 
18.  101 
95,811 
41,573 
67,  519 
169,539 

$86,  359 
1,  263 
28,  753 
10,  376 
141,  030 
72,  028 
16,641 
46,  222 
21,  747 
58,865 
29,  496 
27,  812 
92,  189 
52,  3SO 
26,  953 
7,554 
9,967 
114,  994 
51,000 
542 
30,  863 
45,  860 
930 
8,283 
51,.  283 
44,  277 
367,  643 
27,  196 
20!) 
243,  237 
100,  016 
106,  698 
204,  373 
41,271 
227,  896 
106,  992 
43,  390 
14,113 
62,  146 
71,755 
3,712 
8,  303 
35,  023 
60,  190 
17,  016 
46,  757 
37,  569 
96,  071 
32,  120 
20,  387 
14,  831 
26,  376 
70,212 
34,  870 
11,516 
68.614 
160,  517 
151,008 
62,  252 
71,  435 

2,  919 
103 
700 
55 
763 
1,351 
1,080 
278 
787 
1,764 
243 
114 
3,302 

195 
50 
108 
866 
705 

f.386,  241 
3,  799 
4,122 
15,  325 
14,  536 
20,  363 
18,  125 
983 
8,619 
24,  873 
8,  347 
360 
20,  880 
39,  790 
0,  092 
654 
202 
3,  395 
8,110 
515 
284 
8,034 
319,  134 
124 
4,  489 
3,  986 
476,  158 
1,  876 
3<)(>  828 

1,318,323 
],  665,  621 
1,693,444 
2,  324,  507 
2,  084,  459 
4,  479,  C97 
865,  796 
5,  040,  772 
894,  609 
1,  401,  954 
3,  375,  372 
4,960,118 
2,  134,  209 
2,  128,  107 
634,  289 
1,497,162 
717,095 
959,  465 
1,294,099 
80,  324 
1,251,872 
4,  890,  980 
124,  158 
1,  998,  887 
1,151,877 
2,  135,  617 
1,651,914 
1,200,528 

72,005 
939,  115 
53,  719 
1,  857,  349 
195,  505 
1,  153,257 
11,  090 
1,  446,  538 
87,  780 
71,  330 
828,  055 
44,777 
40,  553 
2,  278,  276 
106,  119 
138,  776 
665,  684 
119,  502 
21,  300 
7,170 
10,901,522 
4,  773,  109 

72,  621 
41,  768 
58,072 
33,  402 
65,  031 
84,  914 
25,  890 
133,  431 
35,  930 
81,  256 
82,  592 
125,  840 
100,  078 
40,  461 
36,  825 
49,  258 
34,  746 
S3,  778 
75,  433 
5,256 
107,  956 
133,  400 
7  086 

11,  656 
68 
87 

7,  767 
28 
505 
127 
16 
40 
558 
428 
22 
232 
39 
7 
83 
1,057 
40 
1 
1,  907 
29 

1,064 
876 
587 
386 
2,033 
582 
503 
2,  062 
552 
495 
1,211 
1,  221 
689 
604 
768 
2,  495 
176 
404 
274 
15 
698 
9,  523 

38,041 
49 
7,  045 
47 
319 
489 
93 
207,  894 
166 

17,101 
47,  S4(i 
(5,114 
S3,  644 
9,040 
11,488 
3,  800 
3,  366 
90,  705 
3,  7112 
14,  265 
3,  564 
108,  284 
2,  679 
82 
16,375 
37.->,  464 

9,  677 
166,  568 
1,714 
8,874 
1,  973 
155,  675 
48,471 
5,056 
12,760 
453 
707,  910 
23,913 
15 
19,  590 
6,  521 
1,520,657 
32,910 
515,  584 

Erie 

Essrx 

Herkimer  

228 
1,  399 

Kings 

51,304 
248,  181 
39,  224 
300,  065 
25,  458 

558 

734 
1,687 
5,485 
1,184 

2,  911,  775 
235,  195 
2,  589,  992 
171,960 
2,611,448 

72,  296 
37,  354 
88,  136 
51,019 
57,  720 
305 
41,427 
135,  812 
77,  635 
45,  360 
98,  170 
32,  378 
62  217 
124,  369 
30,044 
53,014 
73,413 
7,515 
13,  925 
165,  634 
63,922 
24,  142 
61,064 
26,319 
27,  851 
71,102 
45,  208 
46,  695 
44,  527 
48,858 
to,  922 
24,  258 
88,  520 
30,  120 
87,  107 
40,  472 
23,  1'79 

S3 

3,  2!K) 
1,012 
4,  327 
5,  491 

1,  652 
1,032 

1,075 
628 
3,006 

282,  659 
26,  364 
86,614 
330,  123 
160 
13:),011 
14,  581 
18,543 
106 
4,  109 
15,  475 

30 
57,  150 
2,759 
4,944 
30,  573 
152,  480 
171,693 
279,  714 
1C,  026 
277 
6,  601 
12S,  119 
298 
591 
8,  195 
175,616 
1,175 
117,572 
293,  031 

49,  892 
81,996 
72,  792 
72,  992 
74,  599 
32,  658 
60,  785 
185,  953 
23,  973 
66,650 
65,  440 
1,042 
30,  105 
31,118 
115.841 
73,  066 
27:).  728 
146,  555 
58,641 
326,  365 
49,  023 
113.018 
152,  351 
175,  814 
153,441 
34,313 
36.  5511 
67.  060 
46,  693 
62,  789 
78,  766 

829 
1,425 
1,  351 
3,090 

5,  238 
457 
1,133 
372 
1,  160 
397 
1,407 

24,  185 
89,  530 
04,  771 
38,  915 
48,815 
2,  932 
23,  768 
1,  220 
1,  070 
886,  934 
57,  157 
20,  227 
9,  659 
15.  872 
29,  786 
10,  332 
830 
5,879 
3,  222 
10,  117 
17,55!) 
170 
1,  302 
4,  082 
34,  499 
16,  61!) 
7,689 
12,  008 
200,  540 
6,288 
3,  216 

1,  257,  891 
4.140,442 
2,  363.  284 
1,  188,  103 
3,  033,  805 
854,  054 
2,171,833 
3,  286,  617 
465,  235 
505,  986 
1,279,844 
7  257 
24  1,  932 
7,  193,  597 
1,500,607 
628,  980 
2,  203,  667 
705,  094 
663,  107 
1,  983,  077 
749,  140 
966,  793 
1,317,907 
1,631,982 
1,831,078 
642,  829 
1,6!  10.  472 
988,  430 
1,315,528 
1,  500,  821 
808,  630 

107,910 
3,  519,  733 
1,  127,  283 
217,  934 

2,  164 
69 
8,289 
5,231 
1,2)5 
2,  353 
60 
3,381 
5 
393 

713 
706 
1,371 
1,247 
548 
1,012 

3,  397 
50 
726 
454 

8,  605 
838,  460 
41,208 
108,  264 
90 
5 
27,  405 
3,  507,  069 
19 
78 
16,  030 

143,280 
1,108,456 
8,  161,  929 
5,644 
1,422 
626,  683 

27:1 
310 
1,837 
638 
1,425 
511 
1,  515 
888 
1,  303 
141 
747 
875 
1,597 
191 
1,342 
971 
1,  829 
356 
1,  130 

51 
2,  353,  887 
10D,  489 
84,261 
112,071 
48,  886 
15,284 
231,233 
3.  990 
10,  552 
47,  837 
55,  452 
100 
87,  073 
768,  320 
144,  640 
1,340 
981,946 
77,  496 

39 
.     25 
561 
1,059 
10,  0  44 
3,810 
9,  199 
2,  552 
971 
64 
262 
3,  028 
850 
4,  167 
12 
2,  475 
3 
655 
5,  002 

6 
4,  433 
731 
717 
3,  Ot~ 
2,  332 
6,438 
1,  823 
1,350 
7,648 
705 
1,  587 
870 
66 
1,932 
579 
68 
500 
1,226 

59 
99,833 
12,561 
13,712 
1,441,648 
1,388 
14 
38,  517 
94 
46 
207 
1,095 
5,515 
267 
4,  427 
4,  575 
180 
7,411 
4!) 

Suffolk  . 

Tioga  

U  later 

Washington  

Total 

4,180,668 

5,126,307 

3,  726,  380 

61,407 

3,381,596 

103,  097,  280 

48,518,289 

3,  564,  793 

106,934 

81,025 

9,671,931 

STATE    OF   NEW    YORK 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

1 

o 

3 

. 

6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
1 
15 
S 
17 
18 
19 
0 

i 
23 

1 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
1 
34 
35 
36 
37 

.  i 
: 
1 
'. 
43 
14 
li 
46 
47 
43 
49 
50 
51 
02 
53 
54 
: 
. 
57 
. 
59 
60 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  coeooup,  pounds 
of. 

3 

a 

p. 
i." 

tt  'o 
g 

jy 
*H. 

S 

Cane  sugar,  hlids.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Sorghum  inolaaaeB, 
gallons  of. 

Maple  mola^ee,  gal- 
lous  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  nf. 

Honey,  pouuda  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Other  prepared 
herap,  tons  of. 

6,481 

2,  207 

1,  858 
1,870 
2,  OS) 
K;  (J77 

391 

18,951 

C65 

1,  457 
,112 
2,984 
3,585 

2,  773 
2,  309 
1,804 
3,  320 
4,  123 
1,983 

59,384 

69,  532 
34,  2G3 
38,463 

33,099 

19,  ll-2 
14,817 
8,  965 
19,548 
11,439 
18,  258 
3,719 
20,  303 
10,222 
5,  057 
11,  1H2 
22.  833 
2,241 
23,  G27 
21,832 
23,007 
1,517 
i:!,375 
3,910 
1,638 
19,  630 
34,  072 

$290,  904 
2.11,777 
167,  898 
235,954 
441,203 
324,  100 
118,278 
283,  916 
160,  932 
443,341 
211,617 
276,  277 
620,418 
315,661 
152,  465 
1M,  688 
118,696 
297,  010 
209,  924 
15,589 
225,  282 
398,  299 
10,  188 
148,  2»7 
325,  332 
252,  935 
628,  050 
145,418 
175 
313,  140 
563,222 
464,389 
320,  999 
434,  677 
253,  681 
385,  642 
319,  887 
238,  501 
232,  655 
327,  595 

278 

58 
191 

242 
279 

616,  966 
104,840 

(I'M    ll't-1 

1 

18 

114,183 
594  232 

1 

785 
3,668 

410 
1,281 
18,  944 
2,286 
1,190 
1,119 
77 
247 
28,  140 
841) 
.  27,-> 

25 
258 
23 
20 
719 
228 

27  514 

1.479 
4,917 
967 
335 
2,414 
11,158 
298 
1,861 

1,528 

2,  '.148 
2,331 
990 
2,147 
3,383 
747 
2,  091 
2,  164 
1,527 

38,991 
51,206 
36,  007 
42,  C79 
39.268 
65,  807 
19,  567 
43,  278 
31,231 
22,  906 
18,  128 
37,454 
42,  8  10 
4,  847 
47,  936 
22,  933 
175 
17,  629 
44,241 
62,  954 
54,  678 
53,678 

4 

574,  980 
207  965 

2,901 

555,  326 

1 

591  535 

58 
85 

05 
214 
253 
19 

3,  526 

245  870 

121,936 

1,080 
2,577 

385  698 

50,  COS 
137,  824 
111,832 
30,  494 
218,  167 

1,484 
1,  375 

1,044 
1,586 

2,481 
C56 
C,  129 
4,  136 

1,293 
295 
1,876 
1,416 

10,  789 
72 

952 
73 

1 

857  790 

5  716 

335 
1,077 
237 
87 
2,  107 

465  680 

3,  190 

818 
3,  567 
487 
2,958 

911 
2,401 
2,417 
2,  05S 
3,512 

10,  606 
23,  345 
14,  826 
7,  134 
4,616 

l,09l> 

282 
84 
141,908 

20 

24,  7C7 
230  54° 

15  578 

127 

38,  461 

107 
646 
9,224 

346 
254 

435 
54 
96 
247 
261 

4,665 

91 

8 

373 
5,818 
1,923 

1,679 
2,946 

3,881 
2,258 
1,720 
1,  627 
2,568 
4.  65o 
735 
196 
2,  573 

32,  033 
57,  837 
82,012 
59,  402 
19,  132 
32,  494 
36,  594 
95,  30G 
8,  158 
5,  117 
28,311 

15,  PC7 
18,160 
10,394 
3,  734 
530 
3,  036 
40,310 
14,771 
1,731 

3,  962 

204  890 

117  599 

71,975 
1,084 
23,  669 

15 

4,388 
6 
150 
4,  247 

5,588 

8 

60 
10 

390 
21,538 

5 
515 

189,  397 
469  985 

250 
402,  C71 

14 

17,  538 

<• 

3')  211 

1,140 

30 
1  378  14° 

2 

53 

2  578 

8,  9C9 
41,  351 
43,  683 
25,  621 
78,  5C2 
45.531 
38,309 
132,  844 
5,051 
40,677 
47,  674 
54,102 
.45,  924 
19,  946 
46,  693 
35,  379 
6,885 
46,  317 
37.  954 

00 

47,  483 
5,  453 
2,609 
13,525 
17,  944 
1,015 
89,300 
1,050 
6,  076 
7,892 
4,  724 
7,503 
8,  943 
4,673 
11,686 

• 
4,599 

61,426 
494,  513 
331,  0113 
129,  552 
239,  84  J 
128,  182 
167,  585 
353,  882 
357,694 
143,  683 
161,543 
202,112 
387,  846 
96,  C77 
46'J,  W3 
278,  12.1 
428,  37  li 
201,  FIG 
147,  071 

8D9 
4,  120 
176  T73 

26 
45 
7,  759 
916 
1,056 
1,  564 
1,  400 

26,  310 
4,  540 
135,450 

27  5'l'l 

128 

438 
8,  060 
1,  020 
816 
5,838 
75 
1  916 

2,  099 
1,583 
3,818 
2,  035 
1,650 
5.  425 
360 
2.  600 
1.  777 
2,576 
3,  i212 
1,636 
3,604 
1,  793 
175 
1,  951) 
2,276 

IOC 
25 

:14,  203 
8-12 
3,  323 
2,  090 
20 
00 
791 
65,  236 
6,234 
163 
428,  324 
7,  770 
1 
6,784 
130 

(i,  325 
261  005 

85 

75 

140 

1,  451 
165 

13,311 
228 

31,  F94 
67,  320 
82  146 

1.331 
1,666 
1.808 
2,056 
1,  942 
653 

I 

43 

48,048 

74  0-'6 

1 

75 

49,033 

10,  487 
4 
422,164 

26  n-j:i 

SS5 
470 

3 

3.419 
940 

o 

1 

0 

1,518,025 

56,  991 

259 

10,816,419 

516 

131,813 

121,  020 

8,369,751 

717,898 

15.841,404 

304 


STATE    OF   NORTH    CAROLINA. 


A  G  R  I  C  U  L  T  U  R  E . 


3 

i 
5 
•' 
7 
• 
9 

: 
18 
13 

1  ! 
' 

:•• 

:, 

18 

• 

21 

.  , 

23 
24 

.  - 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
: 
32 
3 
34 
35 
30 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
: 
IS 
40 
1" 

COUNTIES. 

AGUES  OF  LAND. 

,: 

a 

c 

£ 

G 

^ 

U 

Farming  implements  and  lim- 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  furrne. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Ilorsetj. 

Asses  and  mules. 

Mileh  cowft. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  eattle. 

d 

a; 

110,  653 
38,847 
30,  786 
103,  391 
54,  804 
32,020 
117,  800 
55,  27-1 
SI,  31! 
72,  755 
33,253 
63,  105 
41,107 
62,  382 
10,  388 
168,878 
07,  833 
154,  505 
44,  981 
41,  330 
79,001 
35,364 
03,  343 
54,  4-16 
36,  561 
121,017 
59,  974 
106,  170 
134,758 
72,  509 
118,  908 
52,  824 
72,  678 
197,489 
63,  667 
195,713 
147,  615 
40,  007 
33,  680 
43,  479 
73,  270 
31,988 
90,  078 
80,  143 
109,  740 
53,110 
111.183 

109,538 
103,  707 
87,  451 
210,  360 
186,  483 
226,  721 
223,  040 
459,  302 
303,  553 
281,200 
120,  980 
124,471 
139,  808 
51,  374 
51,  055 
90,  224 
153,  782 
340,  092 
374,  319 
72,  607 
172,  426 
322,  702 
299,  145 
401,  884 
68,  292 
198,  720 
93,  004 
339,  987 
174,632 
132,  212 
180,  816 
167,  382 
83,  673 
213,713 
87,  603 
180,  824 
248,  825 
241,403 
308,  007 
150,519 
133,  652 
90,  576 
226,  573 
320,  038 
224,  820 
124,  787 
161.470 

$1,512,700 
656,  969 
482,  244 
1,711,978 
535,  503 
1,  139,  020 
2,061,153 
2,  244,  488 
755,  766 
1,937,951 
78-1,  793 
1,812,519 
879,  033 
1,663,734 
411,945 
3,  848,  743 
1,715,639 
2,  351,  083 
1,337,269 
989,  006 
1,310,613 
1,081,225 
1,370,387 
1,  530,  839 
1,175,485 
1,988,464 
1,  388,  642 
3,  131,  621 
4,  974,  920 
1,  174,  800 
2,  453,  259 

i,  sen,  271 

931,  90S 
3,  457,  305 
1,  058,  998 
3,  406,  730 
3,  699,  426 
992,  531 
730,  397 
1,513,097 
1,32!,  818 
1,700,075 
2,  292,  844 
616,  119 
1,  750,  771 
963.  206 
2.  432.  (130 

$93,  994 
34,  002 
19,026 

74,  104 
33,  942 
35,  230 
62,  057 
87,  504 
43,  40(i 
107,  403 
41,066 
93,  045 
34,  034 
40,  421 
10,  355 
90,  094 
63,611 
129,041 
41,780 
40,  335 
70,  462 
30,  472 
40,  754 
45,  867 
36,  440 
118,463 
57,  750 
84.417 
196,756 
69,  026 
99,  969 
66,  267 
32,  370 
127,  072 
46,  103 
150,  059 
114,788 
35,  131 
33,  882 
47,  310 
46,582 
35,  121 
107,  459 
22.481 
101,  770 
29,  282 
r,fi  P35 

o  700 
1,219 
1,079 
1,  726 
1,733 
918 
1,  744 
9-17 
049 
2,407 
989 
2,  560 
1,110 
1,043 
381 
2,  357 
2,  253 
3,  923 
1,  570 
691 
1,019 
804 
1,  032 
1,239 
1,  005 
3,  550 
1,  689 
2,033 
2,  024 
2  275 
1,  980 
1,053 
1,147 
4,  294 
1,102 
3,  949 
1,994 
1,019 
1  ,  255 
1.402 
1.  1  11 
899 
3,  147 
1,333 
2,236 
825 
1    93f> 

242 
519 
31 
1,129 
112 
288 
1,263 

345 
1,037 
070 
824 
488 
?26 
62 
092 
753 
1,269 
426 
525 
981 
314 
340 
685 
168 
634 
473 
408 
2,  002 
318 
007 
853 
209 
005 
549 
600 
1,  815 
436 
338 
493 
569 
146 
1,021 
203 
772 
363 

2,970 
1,649 
1,541 

2,839 
3,059 
3,723 
3,558 
3,257 
2,  852 
3,  619 
1,489 
2,889 
1,644 
1,  303 
787 
2,862 
2,752 
5,833 
2,600 
1,131 
2,998 
2,  944 
3,772 
2,921 
1,507 
4,116 
1,797 
4,259 
2,793 
2,  634 
3,  121 
2,299 
1,431 
5,  102 
1,068 
5,288 
3,409 
2,033 
1,580 
2,  330 
1,408 
1,  007 
3,  792 
1,907 
4,343 
1,539 
2  070 

122 
300 
160 
947 
659 
731 
988 
501 
829 
462 
90 
51 
299 
227 

418 
35 
327 
1,069 
353 
137 
769 
800 
215 
436 
119 
142 
961 
1,  437 
•211 
1,  254 
25 
558 
856 
673 
843 
2,  231 
2% 
102 
816 
003 
604 
248 
366 
1,132 
493 
KfO 

4,120 
2,692 
2,829 
4,338 
4,  423 
9,782 
9,  5  14 
6,337 
5,687 
6,223 
2,  715 
4,  856 
3,220 
2,  377 
1,874 
4,848 
3,  2-13 
7,  499 
5,  702 
2,338 
3,  067 
7,338 
9,541 
5,401 
4,  747 
4,805 
3,  100 
7,  159 
5,  802 
3,  546 
4,515 
3,  190 
4,  909 
9,  097 
2,  428 
7,550 
6,  057 
4,  500 
3,  '.121 
3,  880 
2,  942 
4,930 
0,  500 
3,  740 
0,  447 
2,786 
3.981 

6,710 
5,047 
6,  755 
0,  638 
12,  053 
6,419 
9,  705 
4,103 
3,017 
9,  556 
3,646 
5,878 
5,882 
1,402 
970 
6,105 
6,  140 
13,  681 
9,270 
1,216 
8,185 
5,693 
6,037 
5,337 
3,210 
10,  "81 
5,  132 
7,400 
5,143 
6,  380 
6,  145 
5,366 
2,817 
15,810 
2,  053 
13,  957 
4,  351 
5,004 
4,  920 
8,105 
3,  374 
2,006 
10,  C2U 
4,773 
8,453 
3,099 
3.  266 

Aslic 

Bertie 

B  laden 

Burke 

Caldwell  

Carteret  

Caswell  

Duplin   -   . 

Fornyth 

Gates 

Guilford 

Halifax  . 

Hertford  

Hyde  

Iredell 

Lenoir  .  .  . 

STATE    OF   NORTH    CAROLINA. 


105 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

1 
£ 

f~ 

£ 

a 

2 
£ 

d   ^ 

0     « 

c 

•3 

Oatfi,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

c 
a 

3 
O 
O, 

o 
0 
3 
A 
o 
H 

Ginnc'l  cotton,  bales 
of4001b«.  i-iicli. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans.  bush 
els  of. 

Irish  potiitncs.  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bnsh- 
ila  of. 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
23 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
25 

37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
43 
43 
44 
43 
46 
47 

Ill,  SOS 
11,415 
7,826 
17,247 
19,  024 
22,  14(i 
38,907 
25,  549 
19,299 
23,  270 

ii.sra 

18,414 
13,  842 
12,090 
4,  (ffl  -1 
17,  42(i 
17,  838 
42,815 
21,075 
14,044 
17,847 
24,311 
21,550 
22,915 
14,  828 
28,  105 
13,  700 
38,969 
40,  574 
18,942 
27,  249 
15,  335 
25,  883 
36,  278 
22,  070 
29,022 
3li,  279 
Hi,  919 
15,  197 
15,761 
21,  540 
11,496 
25,  84fi 
16,  232 
40,537 
16,  012 
2.1.  193 

$339,  720 
224,  057 
157,644 
621,  075 
269,  543 
230,  007 
496,  106 
333,854 
256,  792 
517,  201 
212,419 
396,  164 
226,  286 
233,  400 
07,  296 
465,  294 
3R(i,  207 
678,  773 
329,  321 
227,  794 
397,  837 
263,  805 
298,  227 
311,  025 
214,  721 
501,  827 
261,811 
493,  346 
772,  989 
348,  933 
485,  158 
348,  143 
281),  151 
688,  879 
289,312 
682,  590 
6GO,  532 
264,  142 
2  18,  487 
310,665 
275,  925 
174,  530 
500,  577 
19.).  •;;>! 
490.  421 
233.  406 
346,  905 

14 

140,215 
36,810 

14,  891 
56,  435 
23,  907 
8.  406 
8,740 
625 
35 
7fi,  180 
38,188 
124,  268 
28,  178 
20,815 
2,  793 
110,  827 
91,702 
226,629 
20,946 
IB,  735 
86,317 
228 
4,540 
3,558 
7,217 
223,  207 
104,  950 
4,  7-11 
10,145 
187,  836 
45,  225 
71,  060 
9,671 
183,650 
10,  751 
199,  473 
36,  163 
12,902 
38,409 
7,067 
10,  646 
25,  001 
135,  199 
19,179 
5.  967 
1,422 
11,167 

1,585 
£74 
16,  986 
416 
16,  119 
2,  275 
5,891 
1,540 
1,  340 
18,  OJ2 
2,064 
871 
3,031 
18,  280 
716 
1,846 
717 

458 

10,  190 
113 
687 
1,408 
3,349 
7,715 
860 
2,008 
3,  967 
6,  852 
11,150 
7,319 
11,851 
637 
1,  435 
322 
8,  R33 
2,  500 
911 
2,010 
4,246 
32,  425 
1,049 
1,20-1 
1.320 
5.  644 
10,  101 
2.604 
2,  568 

265,280 
209,  182 
72,  995 
303,921 

182,  080 
259,  388 
718,223 
229,  073 
99.  118 
463,  190 
254,650 
308,  807 
259,  457 
4-12,  242 
52,  503 
4(>:t,  888 
403,213 
523,  570 
343,  984 
371,405 
379  '185 

58,  896 
12,  C26 
40,641 
41,463 

59,  433 
5,  239 
30,921 
4,  807 
f05 
52,097 
14,698 
33,  498 
13,380 
5,  983 
120 
116,  888 
23,  799 
111,611 
24,  180 
9,  8115 
28,  099 

503 

555,  245 
11,867 

1,  115 
o 

13,  221 

58 

11,784 
6.773 
18,518 
10,  487 
18,  888 
9,  509 
15,796 
6,  730 
5,  639 
20  688 

4,300 
3.718 
1,123 
20,  547 
1,081 
17.  567 
84,  369 
24,  477 
12,  083 
4,  924 
9,419 
6,  668 
4,  383 
13,  809 
5,  605 
8,395 
5,  793 
22,  010 
4,097 
15,461 
5,  230 
16,320 
29,  549 
36,  591 
12,  232 
9,  802 
8,  569 
63,418 
92,  758 
2,  375 
30,  657 
8.  80S 
44,  808 
8,061 
63,  084 
8.  969 
43,91  1 
V.  6:15 
1,047 
1,515 

3,  C7  1 
18,676 
2.  750 
77,708 
26.  347 
8.336 

11,782 

5,425 
. 
9,569 
6,  505 
13,965 
5,  333 
47 
27,221 
7,  935 
10,416 
9,  502 
9,  665 
619 
10,906 
9,701 
16,474 
17,412 
3,  831 
5,  244 
4.444 
9,575 
6,465 
14,  958 
16,730 
6,806 
9,098 
15,280 
11,809 
8,  250 
4.  980 
8,  684 
12,  835 
7,  753 
23,  320 
16,  012 
3,892 
11,706 
18,383 
10,  073 
10 
10,  137 
13,  865 
4,  907 
3,915 
K.  600 

28,158 
17,  165 
323 
64,417 
99 
162,290 
119,194 
1  17,  585 
131,669 
12,  407 
13,353 
22,  111 
19,  091 
40,  185 
52,550 
33,666 
27,661 
106,  925 
34,  702 
74,  241 
64,055 
152,  347 
144,  557 
97,229 
64,433 
34,  2  10 
13,  16G 
303,  006 
200,  014 
21,001 
107,  098 
21,  304 
161,  794 
98,058 
76,  458 
51,750 
122,  425 
106,  444 
2,536' 
11,135 
118,  149 
5,600 
22,  5C8 
11,214 
220,  810 
73,  830 
f:\  31  1 

9,  378 

16,206 
486 
53,606 
6,  773,  286 

50 
471 
330 

609 
6,6:3 
13 

1 

23  006 

460 

160,  305 
935 
34,  655 

4,  731 
7 
35 
4 
37 
173 
800 

7,  335 
8,  133 
9,314 
3,656 
2,  404 
9,  131 
11,389 
23,638 
15,45(1 
2,200 
14,881 
9,718 
10,937 
8,  577 
7,  363 
20,648 
7,379 
12,  963 
9,  450 
9,  804 
8,  440 
10,476 
4,  007 
20,  196 
3,  307 
21.  933 
8.  894 
7,  190 
13,  840 
14,  968 
5,754 
510 
14.  073 
8,148 
10,  920 
6,  C59 
5,  7.11 

2,  340 

3 

4,  605,  558 
9,308 
1,39,  247 
19,  109 

30 

10 

780 
47(i 
83 
817 
87 
200 
453 
43 
1,171 
19,  138 
1 
2,  073 
893 
133 
123 
4,  589 
100 
10,430 
200 
450 

24,317 

•    .     < 
780 
648 
3,050 
124,  260 
381,  437 
608 
636 
551  ,  443 
1,732,883 
•1  1  .' 
2.  000 
6,  005,  574 
1,  5:i3 
.  701,348 
845,200 
1,  509 
15,  18:1 
1,763 
206 

13.->,-  98 
313,413 
278,  539 
423,  502 
457,300 
318,825 
413,083 
725,  487 
317,  890 
416,  538 
3  13,  893 
420,  093 
549,  777 
317,  820 
511,419 
797,001 
191,218 
229.001 
326,  110 
407.  5-_'() 
496.  SIX) 
504,517 
20?.  561) 
468,  3S3 
239.  ?85 
372,  171 

522 
2,619 
13,  128 
3,  443 
94,818 
63,  707 
3,689 
66,  287 
60,  934 
32,  351 
17,210 
6,  853 
150,174 
6,080 
159,619 
56,  619 
8,650 
30,673 

ni.  (177 

11,735 
2,  437 
78,  248 
9  760 

170,  595 
30,113 
8,528 

14,  700 

110,  204 
6,090 

518 
263 
700 

6,593 

1,  475 
116 
13 

505 

2,447 
502 

130,712 

5  l),V! 



22.  871               2  128 
1,470            23,822 
1,731              12,270 

13,070  :            2,  838 
2  :            1,185 
410               4,  8S3 

108 


STATE    OF   NORTH    CAROLINA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

3 
4 
5 
C 
7 
8 
9 
10 

r 

1'J 
13 
11 
15 
10 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 

: 

29 
30 
31 
3° 
33 
34 
35 
30 
37 

:« 

.  < 

43 
41 

•1-2 
43 
44 

•:• 

A>\ 

4? 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  buahola  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

i 

»  "3 

n   ^ 

II 
1* 

i 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

c 
c 

>T, 

a 

a 
& 

a 
.a 

•3  <-: 

0      ° 

h 

> 
O 

3 

1 

.5 

"o    ° 
£ 

£ 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

Alamanco  

15 

12 

$24,  533 
10,(iS4 

1,400 
250 
3,  1G8 
3-7 
2,000 
1,850 
150 
28,  074 
4,  107 
5,259 
14,  C-i" 

JDC 

$113 

68,  383 
52,  827 
42,  075 
51,  529 
79,  157 
13,  780 
27,  373 
22,  714 
13  272 

017 
1,  100 
900 

2,  173 
473 
3,250 
1  304 

31 

8 

Alexander  

4,728 

| 

45 
1,731 
4 
25 
100 
125 



40 

5 

Anson  

478 
105 
237 
158 
5,787 
00 
117 
24 
431 
£5 

54G 

8,929 
20 

0,463 

230 
100 

4,780 

47 

20 
16 

GO 
10 
15 

18 

Beaufort  

Bertie  

4,220 
553 
533 
3,152 
744 
5,  743 
1,015 
453 
417 
412 
1,871 
1,155 
1,414 
1,300 
704 
17 
359 
2,023 

Bladen  

1 

5 

Brunswick  

1,342 
166 

110 
480 

795 
10 
32 
930 

127,  910 
33,  040 
88,  611 
45,  519 
22,  805 
1,320 
78,  203 
82,  703 
122,851 
100,  200 
9,179 
101,  864 
SO,  125 
21,  159 
24,  785 
18,586 
83,  831 
42,841 
59,510 
31,  905 
74,  081 
09,  270 
85,509 
14,482 
100,  125 
13,  388 
145,  032 
49,813 
28,  207 
04,  004 
50,  098 
11,282 

3,107 
999 
405 
1,007 
33 

588 
10 
13 
214 

10 
45 
8 
30 

Barke  

107 
£3 

1 
4 

Caldwell  .... 

Cnmden  

Ciirtcrut  

660 

C,  425 
15,022 
13,  ISO 
3,  S7S 
3,455 
5,  411 
9,060 
3,137 
0,707 
80 
27,  181 
9,400 
2,311 
11,534 
34,  440 
9,911 
5,010 
3,907 
1,271 
2,074 
24,  790 
10,495 
50 
19,  777 
7,  599 
10,  032 

590 
05 
90 
91 
30 
534 
3 

Ci-oWfll   

5 

759 
4 
119 
337 
2,  250 
240 
5,  103 
277 
1,554 
80 
321 
145 
503 
2,  320 
15 
285 
258 

5 
35 
23 
372 

2 
71 
14 
14 

Cutawba  

4 

03 
2,009 
331 

o 

o 
17 

Chatham  

9 

Chowan  

Cleveland  

729 
50 

Columbus  

Craven  

585 
3,912 

25 
46 

Cumberland  

50 

15 
20 
154 
8 

20 

Cnrrituck  

335 
8 

570 
232 
280 
1,495 
32 

190 
60 
1,  747 

7,470 
3,740 
2,800 
5  408 

30 

276 
12 

£84 
14 

69 

D.'Lvic  

DupUn  

Edgecomb  

1 

Fur.-yth  

240 

17 

5  489 

11 

Franklin  

60 
1,151 

9,  004 
1,  130 
?  801 

Gaston  

E5 

11 

200 

497 
180 
10 

Gates  

Granvillc  

77 
1,088 
811 

2,788 
308 
1 
108 
2,199 

OJ 

1,428 
3  314 

(ii'C'cnc  . 

Gnilfoi'd  

149 

64 

9,187 

2,579 
117 

8,072 
6,254 
898 
1,257 
832 
2  499 

o 

22 

05 

Halifax  ... 

151 
o 

Ilarm'U  

5 

Ii:iy\vood  

2,472 
023 

330 
857 

100 
057 

Henderson  

C 

Hertford  

24 

11 

II\Mc  

Ired-,-11  

101 

14,038 
3,  201 
8,915 
00 
045 

21 

129 

8-1,  177 
44,  839 
68,  883 
18  ^80 

550  i 
243 
1,  329 

3,  890 
185 
3,137 
1,  420 

1 

Jackson  

355 
25 

no 

Johnson  

37 

OS 
695 

Jones*  

7J 
1.295 

I/*?noir  .  .  . 

! 

10.737 

15 

in 

STATE    OF   NORTH    CAROLINA 


107 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

1 

0 

* 

4 

5 
6 

7 

9 
10 

13 

16 

17 

20 
21 
23 

24 
23 

28 

31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
:;7 

S9 
4J 

41 

4i! 

47 

HEMP. 

<—  ' 

o 
a 

c- 

M 

• 

E 

c 
.a 

.0 

TT" 
o 
b 
* 
a 

E 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  si:fr:'.r,  hhds.  of 
l.OCO  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

1 
f 

JO 

a    -a 

11 

o 

§ 

o 

Sorphnm  mouses, 
gallons  of. 

IJresM-ax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufacture*,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

AYater  rotted,  tons 
of. 

I 

a 
P*    . 

£  1 

V 

^  -a 
Z 

JS 

5 

7,001 
4,  SCO 
2,314 

05:1 

5T4 

no 

G 

4,539 
5,  301 
5 
430 

2,  7cT 
91 
473 
80 

1,480 
2,770 
835 

C38 
2,934 
2,  052 
3,  230 
1,529 
1,  839 
1,313 
1,230 
2,679 
635 
425 
2,  132 
3,  233 
2,009 
991 
882 
1,575 

4,451 
522 
1,077 
3,711 
1,540 
3,899 
2,731 
3,  903 
1,  530 
1  511 

17,280 
34,  510 
10,  452 
17,  008 
10,  025 
31,  497 
1C,  370 
30,  41M 
13,  474 
22,  973 
18,  875 
19,  725 
27,  524 
8,  925 
.     :: 
21,  702 
4."..  H.;:: 
37,  827 
15,394 
3,  01'.-' 
24,  055 
45,310 
52,  422 
0,511 
8,000 
40,  743 
10,  949 
51,554 
25,  012 
47,  004 
19,  0-10 
20,  510 
5,  210 
13,212 
10,  130 
57,  132 
14,  155 
2,082 
10,  422 
11,807 
6,752 
1,500 
50.  501 
12,  10.; 
13,028 
19,  155 
9.720 

$12,  C85 
20,  OCl! 
16,  209 
21,479 
38,401 
15,781 
25,  378 
50,  OCS 
8,799 
51,  001 
12,  179 
11,803 
21,  099 
6,010 
1,733 
17,  613 
24,  704 
68,  983 
32,  907 
C,  04  1 
20,  OCl 
57,  032 
17,  113 
9,590 
10,003 
23,  190 
14,  043 
67,019 
W,  997 
13,  l:'-j 
23,  855 
12,  402 
6,522 

°'  5    7  ~i  "i 

14,  400 
25,300 
23,339 
10,  113 
23,  590 
22,  157 
20,  032 

$107,448 

40,  335 
32,  455 
130,  OPC 
60,  712 
93,  390 
187,  610 
140,  924 
70,  41.7 
125,  158 
50,901 
110,200 
51,073 
05,  103 
21,7^3 
162,  003 
89,221 
220,  403 
81,370 
07,  221) 
91,683 
114,850 
130,001 
155,  913 
75,231 
159.  506 
99,116 

O.1O   £.J^ 

324,  333 
113,  600 
105,  079 
68,911 
121,435 
207,  001 
140,  121 
221,  770 
215,  041 
121,021 
55,217 

131,933 





28 
804 

300 
530 

12,731 

1,  28  J 
1,  083 
20 

870 
14 
42 

15 

12,  74'J 

50 

4,019 
2,317 
15 
4,  944 
17,272 
200 

100 
302 
3 
477 
735 

32,  OG8 
2,  3'JG 

3 

1 

1 

311 

8 

4,  844 

210 

1,747 
1,800 
1,437 
2,781 
1  251 

387 
315 
133 
103 
31 
o 

20 

5 
9,747 

683 

24,  07-' 

626 
310 

55 

91 

7,703 

450 

7 

60 
65 

6G 
34 

40 

9,  060 
5,  110 
922 
131 
30 
5,586 
40 
7° 
1,090 
1,855 

897 
597 
124 

o 

1 

10,  403 

3>C30 
3 

50 

ess 

100 
3,508 

10 

1,021 
o 

12 
21 
92 
6 
501 
o 

17 

4  2.")° 

77 

o 

258 
12 

91 

583 
1,411 
851 
4,  004 
1,  MJ 
237 
1,040 
873 
540 
200 
4,702 
921 
724 
1,830 
974 

13 

2,090 
50 

g  370 

023 

-     2,003 

830 
21 

03 
3 

10 

13,  052 

9,  471 
450 

;i  ^:;'i 

372 
11 
32 

8,318 
0,  SCS 
1 

2  1,  ;  - 

28,  75C 
0,830 
10.  7G7 

135,  531 
40,  584 
2  J  1,7  a 
84,905 
140,  429 

3«2 
025 

80 

6 

40 

108 


STATE    OF   NORTH    CAROLINA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LASD. 

* 

3 

tb! 

O 
CJ 
S 

£: 

c 

O 

Farming  implements  and  mn- 
chimTy,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  furnis. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

1 

Asses  and  mules. 

> 

U 

Working  oxen. 

c.' 

c. 
QQ 

43,  567 

32,  009 

32  5'I2 

139,  350 
303,  946 
174,700 
178,507 
115,565 
181,  562 
204,  513 
375,  148 
204,  OKJ 
3:15,  024 
170,  292 
233,  080 
240,  040 
40,  258 
07,  853 
118,602 
233,  444 
70,  960 
288,  995 
352,  243 
464,  904 
190,  092 
197,  715 
149,242 
345,  597 
172,  140 
182,  478 
251,240 
03,  033 
230,  900 
308,  019 
225,  183 
74,810 
141,743 
190,  046 
270,  009 
115,  544 
138,  519 
265,  675 

$1,380,259 
894,  577 
733,  397 
1,  158,  545 
774,410 
2,  823,  949 
359,341 
1,178,311 
1,730,608 
1,381,087 
2,059,031 
1,337,923 
2,141,090 
1,927,149 
1,537,770 
1,91.3,505 
3,  052,  010 
435,  084 
1,  791,  483 
2,  117,  985 
2,  355,  987 
2,  628,  246 
2,  924,  631 
1,  100,  056 
3,  110,  749 
012,061 
983,  387 
1  ,  212,  733 
455,  845 
1,293,504 
3,  2  It),  860 
3,  338.  POD 
704,919 
532,  532 
3,012,511 
1,  185,  703 
1,511,072 
1,106,415 
914,  719 

$55,  090 
57,  897 
20,  841 
34,  485 
31,737 
136,  957 
49,  564 
113,008 
72,  064 
60,  559 
84,  905 
43,361 
129,  292 
43,  665 
47,  594 
57,  553 
73,  757 
20.  (Ill 
152,957 
112,  728 
98,  868 
80,  752 
148,  147 
72,  90S 
65,  214 
52,  045 
42,  996 
41,  457 
21,249 
103,736 
151,291 
143,  503 
25,612 
43,  798 
68,  245 
40,  009 
24,  032 
51,110 
35,  188 

1,  521 
1,803 
1,021 
1,156 
894 
2,829 
1,354 
2,190 
1,  166 
1,  151 
1,  882 
1,  068 
3,  199 
1,106 
1,091 
2,034 
2,  092 
551 
3,  877 
1,494 

1,859 
3,193 
1,772 
2,  193 
1,774 
1,378 
1,  510 
428 
2,103 
4,  137 
3,  964 
021 
833 
2,135 
2,302 
1,195 
1,  796 
1,674 

690 
495 
225 
551 
648 
1,618 
290 
405 
483 
439 
1,935 
403 
552 
551 
601 
300 
1,013 
1(34 
323 
819 
904 
674 
1,010 
710 
539 
198 
409 
242 
190 
700 
1,363 
910 
215 
154 
672 
328 
473 
511 
297 

1,800 
1,899 
2,  090 
1,828 
1,345 
4,319 
2,259 
3,  587 
2,213 
3,  431 
2  250 
2,619 
4,081 
1,401 
1,  035 
2,  444 
3,  530 
824 
5,  490 
2,001 
4,  121 
2,877 
3,709 
2,  134 
3,075 
2,044 
1,888 
2,012 
1,  304 
3,188 
5,  039 
3,  064 
1,281 
1,017 
2,518 
2,  97J 
1,280 
2,005 
2,993 

34 

406 
384 
488 
180 
50 
228 
ICO 
1,145 
929 
1,  368 
633 
373 
007 
508 
393 
1,081 
404 
588 
322 
720 
500 
10 
405 
1,071 
03 
466 
831 
420 
323 
1,  597 
1,610 
240 
430 
835 
1,073 
012 
341 
401 

2,875 
4,138 
2,  997 
4,  585 
3,051 
6,314 
4,752 
C,  474 
3,  530 
8,171 
4,  848 
C,  103 
5,  622 
3,425 
4,  155 
3,  897 
7,773 
1,306 
7,  533 
0,  472 
8,656 
3,611 
5,  992 
3,706 
0,272 
3,002 
3,201 
3,  323 
3,  103 
6,  544 
9,541 
5,227 
2,  730 
2,  431 
4,208 
4,  524 
2,  456 
3,  15lJ 
4,  jJl 

5,100 
0,133 
5,  760 
4,  780 
3,  "02 
9,216 
7,500 
12,  860 
5,  439 
5,  758 
4,813 
3,  936 
11,314 
1,515 
2,  743 
8,  155 
5,  14  1 
2,131 
18,  137 
4,418 
10,581 
0,283 
7,  L'23 
6,  482 
9,  1C7 
5,  958 
4,004 
7,321 
2,099 
11,041 
10,  738 
7,347 
2,404 
S,  941 
3,874 
7,  674 
2,  727 
".,  :«>:i 
0,  193 

Martin    

50,  072 
28,  878 
1)5,  938 
5(1,  178 
65,  105 
81,045 
52,  925 
127,  775 
C3,  783 
101.354 
53,  674 
5.',  182 
101,  730 
100,  104 
20,  328 
131,480 
62,443 
100,  139 
111,783 
135,  102 
58,  178 
118,030 
58,  932 
46,  042 
53,  090 
21,370 
60,  572 
183,947 
l-io  074 

McDowell                   .    . 

Nash                       

Pitt 

Tolk 

Stanly 

Stokes  

Tyrrel 

Wake 

23,  020 
2.),  08.5 
108,  882 
73,  109 
01,360 
61,  254 
40,  135 

Wilkes  

Wilson  

Total 

6,517,284 

17,  245,  685 

143,  301,  063 

5,  873,  942 

150,  061 

51,383 

253,  023 

43,  511 

416,676 

546,  719 

STATE    OF    NORTH    CAROLINA. 


109 


AGRICULTURE. 


uvi:  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

48 
49 
50 
51 
52 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

.c 

D 
.O 

£ 

™ 
A 

u 
g 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginnrd  cotton,  bait  s 
oMOOlbs.  each. 

^Vuo!,  pounds  of. 

Peas  nncl  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

.c 

0 
ft 

1   e 

c    ja 
A 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

13,  001 
20,  713 
14,  582 
21,211 
12,  012 

$288,591 

342,  127 
315,  110 
237,  930 
203,  742 

04,908 
23,  MS 
32,  306 
5    •    - 
23,910 

490 
0,298 
2,  609 
420 
5,  809 

369,104 

218,  202 
235,  276 
317,  COO 
237,  215 

111.51  1 
29,  393 
29,015 
16,772 
6,  101 

100 

6,978 

18,  662 
r,  705 

367 

7,920 
13,439 

0,  94C 
6,730 
5,464 

7,  214 
9,  074 
4,709 
31,010 

5,865 
14,  945 
15,  550 
6,715 
8,839 

22,  524 
25,  570 
2,686 
99,  113 
13,797 

]   oon 

3,008 

5 

23,  702 

641,202 

106,  030 

1,299 

550,  235 

43,  300 

10 

23,  101 

6,112            15,621 

41,596 

11,835 

20,617      :,:) 

13,  093 

239,  975 

66,  772 

835 

191,  439 

24.  701 

228 

21,037 

1,  409 

9,380 

11,386 

7,  940 

32,  553 

54 

23,  874 
20,  359 
32,  827 
25,  028 

440,  110 
359,  510 
303,  402 
511,  093 
293,  758 

71,  875 
11,475 
163 
50,012 
418 

4,589 
034 
1,475 
598 
4,673 

281,658 
335,  COO 
235,  887 
034,  030 
273,  937 

35,  246 

20,  317 

nco 

24,  171 
1,  990 

700 
10 
69,  049 

3,845 
95,  864 

260,  257 
10 

958 
2,756 
130 
6,032 
330 

17,  022 
7,033 

6,992 

7,809 
7,618 

22,015 
28.897 
81,089 
54,595 
85,  791 

9,553 
8,861 
5,  192 
9,881 
G,  399 

70,  892 
115,897 
165,  779 

.    •  •  .   . 
175,354 

55 

50 
57 

5'J 

43,  938 

27,414 

531,353 

157,  794 

2,527 

400,  242 

81,825 

9 

1,  159,701 

848 

15,004 

8,500 

12,  734 

40,716 

60 

15,  273 
10,413 
I,'),  70-1 
38,  635 
G,  420 
32,  000 

272,  150 
207,  372 
344,  788 
507,  867 
123,  104 
580,709 

70,  388 
90,  948 
84,  634 
12,  703 
12,  790 
227,304 

39,  400 
580 
300 
6,171 
2,588 
1,663 

574,  089 
004,  423 
203,  2b'7 
707,  703 
138,  929 
388,  428 

6,817 
lr'599 

105,  702 
17,201 
1,063 
GO,  199 

3,310 
7,230 
9,319 
7,  374 
3,813 
27,  121 

0,000 
13,501 
3,175 
84,  000 
5,  605 
7,722 

8,070 
6,  1(10 
0,424 
11,759 
3,  203 
21,237 

35,  544 
70,  342 
34,  360 
186,068 
12,931 
47,805 

61 

02 
63 
04 

05 

i 

93 

40 
2,  729,  700 
737 
3,770 
82,  534 

225 
400 
7,031 

8 

51,103 

4,100 

19,  540 

343,  971 

32,653 

2,770 

203,  010 

22,  894 

3,  130 

2,022 

5,  714 

8,209 

46,  894 

6,  797 

75,  043 

39,  504 

502,  200 

10,  073 

4,463 

349,  565 

10,217 

46,  692 

1,772 

3,  407 

17,  370 

44,  479 

4,  422 

143,  050 

1C,  151 

407,  484 

07,  512 

3,833 

361,790 

91,  249 

3,  138,  333 

0,932 

4,304 

13,403 

£8,  957 

69 

26,  585 

501,  799 

190,  301 

1,319 

506,  106 

75,  539 

150 

318,  075 

6,937 

9,311 

16,  607 

11,481 

20,298 

70 

15,  354 

42,  018 

310,555 
501,  839 

51,  309 
5,  979 

3,  404 
8,703 

286,  070 
482,  378 

14,215 
3,  974 

10,268 
1,229 

177 
K2 

10,  571 
11,911 

8,130 
84,413 

6,055 

9,  291 

44,033        71 
299,  544        72 

87,  977 

14,  238 
13,  959 
16,  404 

250,  155 
573,  245 
262,  453 

97,  328 
53,  412 
46,831 

1,328 
11,317 
13,  094 

180,  776 
232,  955 
268,  420 

7,372 
30,  299 
25,  349 

430 

6,250 
1,513,040 
452,  098 

413 
203 
I,f02 

8,000 
0,432 
9,  872 

7,664 
3,  105 
2,  752 

5,118 
8,  019 
13,  672 

25,  733       73 
14,  902       74 

20,720       15 

45 

8,209 

113,705 

12,  086 

10 

298,  661 

507 

11,695 

160 

8 

4,406 

12,  330 

4,  468 

28,  770       70 

20,074 

427,  007 

76,  321 

585 

301,  175 

25,  9C8 

263 

4,068 

3,  054 

14,500 

18,  740 

7,  532 

33,  053       ',  7 

46,710 
25,081 
9,079 

823,  523 
560,  253 
100,  912 

70,  203 
123,  643 
34,  377 

4,267 
110 

468 

725,  843 
431,490 
246,  163 

48,  391 
98,  047 
1,  933 

12,953 

314,754 
6,  148,321 
713 

•0,112 

157 
268 

13,  970 
13,  262 
3,835 

49,  518 
7,  452 
17,  213 

13,491 
11,898 
7,088 

230,  575 
66,  593 
45,029 

78 
79 
80 

7,  082 

12,  531 

173,  420 

14,021 

13,  812 

106,  649 

40,  321 

1 

8,  071 

450 

11,253 

11,172 

16,  197 

1,431 

81 

36,  030 
24,  830 
20,  501 

455,  664 
340,  524 
243,  204 

16,  368 
55,560 
4,547 

19,494 
11,272 

1,039 

530,  789 
305,  899 
287,  216 

13,  038 
30,  557 
4,  321 

8,450 
1 
330 

590 
93,  208 
312 

4,002 

7.  025 
15,  687 
4,728 

109,584 
9,002 
9,460 

7,348 
11,977 

7,501 

153,685 
26,562 
72,  C84 

82 
83 
84 

3,012 

10,215 

300,  713 

67,  810 

0,800 

203,  459 

46,  249 

101 

155.512                       2               9,417 

4,642 

8,044 

18,275 

65 

25,  148 

333,056 

39,  004 

6,228 

245,  051 

GO,  724 

300 

i 

17,308  1                  40             15,072 

7,0:7 

18,608               3.350 

1,883,214 

31,  130,  803 

4,  743,  700 

436,  850 

30,  078,  56-1 

2,  781,  860  !    7,593,976     32,853,250           145,514           663.473 

1,932.2114 

830,  563       0,  140,  039 

110 


STATE    OF    NORTH    CAROLINA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  btibhels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

*o 
a 

^ 
5b 

c7 
c 

-i 

o 

o 

II 

&  * 

'c   •£ 
"u    3 

", 

TJnttor,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

id 

o 

a 

o 

K 

1  ' 

& 

O 
0 

3 
J 

r 
= 

o 

•jo  rf;muod  'sdoj] 

89 

o 
415 

920 

$11,015 
1,338 
10,  361 
1,691 

700 
2,851 
5,  238 
6,183 
13,  2CG 
1,107 
2,611 
120 
2,514 
199 
976 
925" 
6,520 
1,297 
31,118 
8,463 
105 
4,937 
8,  534 
0,792 
3,470 
2,179 
11,940 
10,  399 
271 
4,251 
13,  7!!8 
700 
623 
12,  565 
1,707 
28,  756 
3,576 
15,  527 
21,745 

416 
57 

$603 

74,  427 
87,  558 
5S,  002 
11,010 
30,  445 
129,  209 
78,  220 
114,  850 
23,  855 
1C,  004 
32,  435 
18,  531 
105,  884 
22,  204 
21,710 
74,  444 
33,  208 
34,411 
137,  896 
40,  C85 
36.  2-13 
E8,  530 
85,  994 
66,  4C7 
50,  943 
65,  506 
15,  042 
50,  335 
10,  2£8 
85,  476 
152,  842 
05,  842 
14,  775 
71,  614 
30,  330 
85,  339 
9,  373 
67,  944 
87,  675 

95 
482 
64 

2,  685 
1,318 
199 

g2 

37« 

Macon  

107 
21 

Madison  

1 

Martin  

4,197 

McDowell  

310 

84 
2,533 
1,729 
437 

70 

155 
2 
10 

863 
1,  009 
S80 
483 
750 
791 
475 
330 

2,378 

7 

8 

0 

3 

Montgomery  

108 
260 
410 
13 
285 

Moore  

443 
10 
4,374 
33 
50 
10 
120 
25 
225 
353 
19 
370 
93 
170 

Nash  

273 
10 

o 

3U 

Northampton  

Onflow  

Orange  

3 

5 
30 

292 
40 
833 

1,390 
C 
1,  978 

Pasquotauk  

10 

7G 

16 

17 

8-1 

Pitt  

2,171 
5 
372 
842 
067 
630 
375 
10 
CO  4 
183 
110 
89 
1,  450 
355 
323 
137 
3,673 

50 

4,677 
1,372 
5,  '68 
920 
2,328 
404 
8,013 
40 
3,119 

70 

Polk  

Randolph  

150 

51 

2  920 

170 
SCO 

o 

36 

Robeson  

123 

Ilockingham  

Rowan  

90 

44 

5,960 

770 
630 

598 

C3 

5 
6 

13 

107 

Stanly  .  .  . 

22 

Stokes  

1,190 

680 
553 
915 
297 
7,  732 
3,  554 
1,030 
3,  1?5 
3,9.17 
400 
2,475 
1,002 
1,  Sf'.i 

Surry  

74 

3 

2 

14 
5 

Tyrrel  .... 

5 

6,  3C6 
3,002 
180 
559 
13,410 
325 

302 
91 

5 

o 

Wako  . 

1,020 
32 

100 

43 
CO 

11 

10 
9,702 

4,420 
415 
2,403 
53 
3,  105 
2,170 

20 

37 

778 
115 
CCS 
24 
38 

Wilkes    .  .  . 

75 

3C2 

]0 

27 

Wilson 

Yadkin 

33 

113 

4,  093 

227 
12,  427 

o 
12 

15 

ira 

Total 

3,445 

35,  924 

1 
043,688  j          54,064 

75,063  j        4,735,435                51,119 

181,  365 

3T* 

3,  oca 

1,  7C7 

STATE   OF   NORTH    CAROLINA 


111 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

*0 

c 
a 

"3 
>     . 

~Z 

1 

1 
3 

| 

^ 

48 
49 

51 
52 

54 

• 
Gl 

• 
: 

i 

. 
- 
• 

71 

• 

73 
74 
75 

70 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 

r-J 
>-M 
8-1 
85 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

3 

a 
a 
o 

Ot 

a"^ 

tD    0 

p 

H 

jy 

^ 

Cane  sugar,  hli-ls.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Majile  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

•a 

ab 

I""3' 
|| 

<D 

a 

3 

1 

G     a 

3 

_o 

1° 

o 
CO 

o 

5 
o 
a. 

«~ 

0 

i 

1 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  homo- 
liiiulc,  vuluo  of. 

1 
|u 

£  ° 
't 
a 

"\VattTrotted,  tons 
of. 

^ 

o, 

t~     ft 

~  a 

U 
>.    -=> 

0 

0 

45 

478 
2,712 
4,  739 
10 

2,394 

42 
73 
112 

242 

7  509 

1,431 
1,007 
1,127 
2,509 
1,  152 
1,429 
2,130 
1,  313 
1,253 
3,  408 
519 
4,  4C4 
2,103 
05!) 
1,  195 
1,582 
440 
1,023 
G,  OCO 
78fi 
1,200 
4,940 

25,900 
17,  324 
20,047 
10,  370 
10,  535 
20,384 
22,885 
14,  579 
15,  C71 
27,  321 
5,220 
50,  C84 
1C,  924 
0,748 
14,151 
17,  009 
3,  PP4 
19,912 
7.'),  429 
9,576 
12,  P02 
01,508 
30,  980 
25,  84(i 
22,  901 
30,  177 
44.  139 
72,  731 
24,  8?8 
11,257 
31,565 
11,234 
14,  8C3 
1C,  571! 
13,  131 
75,  00:l 
10,  037 
04,  250 
27,908 

18,  493 
51,870 
27,808 
...  770 
17,  897 
10,  927 
35.  102 
34,  13o 
19,  (82 
8,019 
15,993 
24,  082 
19,367 
5,514 
7,744 
IP,  392 
22,945 
15,501 
47,  2D9 
13,  187 
38,  017 
1C,  202 
10,827 
21,158 
40,205 
19,908 
19,577 
2-1,  717 
5,  882 
32,  404 

r,,-1,  ill-.! 

29,  583 
7,  C05 
41,994 
18,  957 
35,804 
10,  174 
23,  192 
43,  3  Hi 

72,  473 
05,  782 
51,037 
100,  458 
CO,  718 
154,  100 
71,419 
130,003 
152,  754 
137,  052 
180,  053 
133,  734 
145,  400 
08,  G93 
110,528 
105,  208 
240,  952 
41,548 
177,  105 
148,  415 
1!>3,  472 
124,401 
143,  174 
85,  100 
205,  900 
02,  050 
83,  751 
1 
45,  052 
100,283 
291,  G37 

ion,  194 

01,581 
39,058 
235,  170 
100,  902 
119,675 
80,  421 
71,900 

1 

13,  577 
81,376 

2,  74  H 
13,  2,-3 
2,404 
44 

115 

14 
3 

240 

70 
300 

20 

33 

25 

o 

30 

5 

01 

CO 

5 

4,  584 
10,210 
0,  120 
1,810 
415 
70 
5,170 
500 
10 
2,945 
110 
08 

37:1 
2,882 
325 

78 

3 

C8 

153 

4 

432 

3,  4fil 
1,704 

1,017 

4  510 

30 

5 
420 

85 

0 

CO 
2  109 

10 

2,  4C5 

],3(B 
2,  258 
o  7cg 

215 

74  S 

3,310 
7,537 
3  952 

452 
1,180 
215 

5 

4,289 
5,634 

2,280 
925 
1,  042 
1.  l,-'3 
1,543 
1,382 
9^8 
0.  53  ) 
397 
4.  744 
2,  047 

o  £g(] 

025 

1,843 
ICO 
1,580 
21,400 
40 
17,  982 
50 
C,  292 
0,301 

03 
12 
83 
510 

1 
3 

331 

130 

I-"1  Sli't 

-     !•-.() 

135 
5,  342 

1,550 
o 

1,108 
354 

10 

12 

•1  •-"'{ 

10 

2,  745 

OO   Q" 

3,016 

210,  490 

20,008 

338 

30,  845 

38 

17,  ?:.:' 

1-.'.  41M 

263,  47:> 

170,  495 

2,  035,  OG'J 

2,  045.  :;;-,' 

10,414,540 

112 


STATE    OF   OHIO. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

3 
4 
5 
6 

7 
8 

g 

10 

11 

14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

21 
oo 

24 

26 
S7 

29 
30 
31 
: 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
:  . 
46 
47 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implement*  and  ma- 
cliiin-i-j-,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

X 

£ 

s                 5 

?                           £ 

1            1 

g 

AsseH  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

3 
6 

Other  cattle. 

d. 

o 

147,  943 
90,  221 
163,684 
192  296 

124,  298 
104,  754 
80,  290 
78,  786 
123,  170 
102,  913 
97,  783 
109,  970 
100,  048 
72,  429 
91,400 
71,  052 
102,  479 
90,  753 
100,  203 
123,  283 
87,  204 
01,440 
135,  108 
92,  348 
97,  466 
39,  172 
!'5,  7-11 
48,  292 
95,500 
73,  104 
116,339 
50,  253 
70,  300 
20,  249 
72,  331 
124,  772 
82,  622 
73,011 
59,  178 
121.427 
114,905 
8C,  578 
85,  150 
91,425 
79,  814 
109,520 
30,  982 
70,  fjt 
43,  623 
101,932 
81,697 

$5,  257,  360 
4,  769,  391 
9,  230,  003 
7,  560,  617 
4,  980,  034 
3,  738,  720 
8,  870,  648 
8,  085,  635 
19,  049,  044 
5,  802,  027 
9,  074,  Oil 
10,916,391 
12,  365,  912 
10,  492,  577 
9,651,073 
8,  071,  53!! 
7,  535,  419 
11,342,819 
7,  822,  455 
2,  505,  397 
7,  736,  033 
5,  370,  397 
10,624,904 
8,195,860 
13,  123,  092 
3,186,131 
3,451,711 
5,  946,  630 
11,102,030 
6,  879,  974 
23,  332,  210 
7,  142,  B81 
3,  390,  493 
6,  900,  795 
1,482,582 
10,  845,  787 
3,  386,  386 
7,  273,  377 
9,911,867 
3,114,917 
7.  524,  073 
10,368,122 
5,  427,  070 
2,  170,874 
13,  675,  432 
7,  296,  708 
8,  OP8,  -I?:, 

$146,653 
138,  007 
239,  325 
188,559 
156,646 
155,  C2G 
214,547 
204,  429 
421,370 
184,  371 
184,  460 
277,105 
330,  272 
298,  691 
198,035 
102,  838 
210,982 
274,  701 
234,  578 
68,  399 
174,313 
207,  318 
247,  580 
136,  907 
287,  879 
111,345 
125,  238 
262,  507 
195,  944 
153,  352 
388,  144 
183,  050 
79,  470 
133,  952 
02,  180 

99,541 
226,  777 
292,  083 
83.  4  17 
164,  088 
317,  87-1 
127,414 
G8,  800 
355,  859 
139,  998 
299  025 

0,  630 
0,190 
8,284 
6,030 
5,731 
5,  081 
9,487 
8,053 
12,  094 
6,633 
7,453 
8,484 
8,  797 
9,204 
10,  033 
7,998 
8,  133 
7,480 
8,  154 
3,  159 
7,181 
4,  010 
10,  003 
7,  547 
11,393 
3,549 
4,667 
4,861 
8,101 
8,766 
10,814 
8,  5:i:i 
4,360 
5,834 
2,  134 
9,871 
5,  368 
7,486 
9,917 
3,933 
5,847 
9,407 
3,878 
2,  405 
13,  073 
7,  609 
8,689 

110 
27 
17 
33 
95 
49 
228 
209 
4 
144 
254 
348 
244 
123 

59 
28 

37 

118 
07 
125 
9 
91 
63 
168 
20 
302 
34 
66 
2'J 
11 
192 
34 
50 
91 
8-1 
11 
31 
5 
12(5 
73 
132 
29 

4,  977 
5,821 
9,058 
1C,  124 
5,  058 
5,  534 
8,431 
0,504 
8,  303 
7,433 
0,274 
7,  526 
7.401 
0,775 
10,505 
7,537 
8,245 
10,601 
8,308 
3,  519 
7,187 
5,  053 
9,318 
5,641 
8,784 
5,160 
4,609 
19,  385 
6,309 
8,480 

7,  764 
4,  151 
5,530 
3,164 
7,392 
5,  -104 
8,428 
9,  745 
4,  463 
6,  003 
9,  680 
5,416 

11,948 
6,833 
16,  592 

1,  260 
7-10 

1,  442 

1,558 
374 
1,  005 
718 
210 
383 
270 
202 
303 
236 
613 
486 
493 
1,220 
457 
681 
502 
609 
349 
719 
484 
1,194 
1,207 
581. 
244 
1,  197 
280 
854 
476 
450 
099 
354 
715 
325 
1,141 
1  .  500 
274 
203 
409 
1,  308 
491 
443 
1,311 

5,  093 
7,  333 
12,410 
14,  722 
11,  597 
8,  190 
11,825 
9,  123 
7,182 
9,  122 
11,808 
10,  533 
6,373 
10,212 
9,945 
15,  246 
12,  430 
10,  395 
9,538 
5,  973 
11,509 
6,  124 
13,484 
10,727 
12,  485 
7,382 
5,  773 
12,713 
9,265 
11,  162 
3,  472 
12,541 
0,  549 
6,780 
4,  070 
13,843 
6,880 
10,  670 
12,  248 
6,  820 
8,  530 
13,  438 
8,  035 
-1,  539 
19,716 
12,200 
6,  329 

8,  534 
16,  386( 
60,  937 
46,  656 
36,  498 
15,  693 
72,  083 
18,  594 
5,184 
101,  458 
34,  336 
30,  233 
10,  150 
20,  199 
118,791 
66,  957 
63,  483 
48,  240 
13,  490 
8,493 
51,  005 
42,  850 
26,  502 
25,  122 
20,  853 
20,  955 
1C.  OGO 
35,  990 
21,786 
88,  667 
2  922 
30,  812 
11,  430 
139,  810 
3,891 
18,  041 
17,  314 
47,  945 
85,  899 
13,  559 
119,895 
93,  439 
35,  143 
7,  303 
155,  378 
29,  769 

Allen  .     . 

129,  531 
77,  443 
178,  859 
165,  G33 
20^985 
1(12,  117 
146,  237 
157,534 
170,  344 
153,  111 
192,  808 
189,  801 
142,  033 
175,055 
147,  805 
51,368 
146,  971 
106,  279 
196,  702 
109,  432 
191,  914 
71,  289 
107,  OOG 
151,  545 
147,344 
184,422 
164,623 
133,  740 
09,  188 
157,735 
31,424 
200,  849 
104,  479 
153,  143 
190,678 
10:!,  088 
141,481 
199,  391 
1():!,1]7 
03,  522 
•>81  S32 

BlltlfT 

Cftiroll  

Clark  

Columbians  

Oarkc   , 

Fiiirfifld    . 

Fayctte  .    .  . 

Fulton 

Gallia 

Hardin 

Highland 

I.ako 

136,286 

179,770 

Lor.'iin  .  . 

STATE    OF    OHIO. 


11.°, 


ACJRICULTU  I;  K. 


LIVE 

STOCK. 

PRODUCT 

.1). 

Swine. 

Live  btoek,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

o 

A 
.5 
>. 

p 
I    o 

0 

1 
V 

c 

o 

"o 
ja 
z 

£t 

fl 
C 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  i>f. 

Ginne'1  cotton,  bales 
of  4001bs.  each. 

Wool,  poundrf  of. 

Peas  and  bean*,  bush 
els  of. 

*• 

1    ° 

1* 

JS 

Sweet  potatoes,  bn*h- 

i-ls  of. 

21,784 
32  217 

8747,012 

607   157 

31  1,4:10 

ir>8,  560 

872 

o  raw 

935,567 

r,i;:i  098 

96,071 

1  12  1112 

43,  060 
4  745 

37,451 

49  ll.VI 

:!ii 
no 

::o.  4-17 
76  no 

5,  363 
1  018 

1 
2 

23  708 

1    •'()!    '!'>"> 

133  ]7"> 

10  478 

53>  966 

347  383 

109  403 

50° 

107  °34 

°77 

6  449 

]    176  70° 

30  133 

-,  >->~\ 

279  r>73 

177  02° 

°19  447 

148  °05 

4    1  60 

17£  oo-j 

750 

21    117 

748  589 

120  1)83 

721 

041  005 

66  104 

275  7,-'') 

88  968 

2  428 

57  261 

3  000 

-, 

27  341 

5  Hi  015 

107  OOfi 

10  804 

480  529 

117  712 

21  338 

:;  i  ~,'o 

3'  15 

61   171 

129 

6 

25,  743 
46,695 

51,640 

1,073,401 
1,090,551 
1,  333,  592 

-  in;.  INK; 
362,  GO.-, 

082,823 

7,008 
4,712 
4,240 

7711,  525 
1,  334,  148 
2  390,  323 

400,514 
141,386 
216,  064 



2,  273,  731 
1,898,840 
833,307 

198,895 
44,  555 
9,389 

711 
1   722 

733 

93,  056 
07,  570 
83,042 

4,  846 
15,  378 
12,  092 

7 
8 
0 

14,583 

769,  269 

41,597 

14  293 

260  003 

269  711 

8  083 

292  602 

2  °83 

130  431 

344 

10 

22,  831 

979,  172 

271,074 

4  541 

1  03')  211 

149  998 

1  430 

103  653 

493 

41  739 

1  908 

11 

29,  622 

1,  149,065 

343  (!88 

11  739 

1  093  400 

100  565 

12  555 

130  305 

57° 

GO  041 

7  063 

12 

38,  151 

1,  097,  264 

331,911 

0  C29 

1,318  719 

031)  9:;n 

1  523 

242  794 

18,562 

13 

51,549 

1,  1*2,379 

S33,  009 

6U2 

1  817  088 

112,480 

81   ""2 

00  128 

7,476 

14 

18,386 

1,09-1,809 

19,  (141 

21,853 

343  276 

319,  859 

50 

337  230 

1  738 

145  484 

550 

25  577 

1,005,897 

133,  370 

28  252 

976  605 

156,  760 

242 

200  173 

811 

78  782 

072 

16 

32,  429 

909,  828 

92,129 

6  748 

O'l9  394 

310  225 

3  471 

153  05') 

793 

133  160 

339 

17 

9,901 

1,178,811 

27,  312 

14  906 

582  100 

195  402 

1  240 

143  160 

0    00^ 

399  35° 

18 

39,  052 

823,  805 

291,5(53 

25  201 

853  141 

172  340 

163  985 

T>  -97 

03  80° 

5  315 

19 

15,  323 

359,  807 

119  807 

3  350 

336  °4G 

8°  r>°7 

7*  (Ml 

°3  518 

71  998 

590 

20 

27,  733 

905,519 

4C.C78 

2,317 

D07,  091 

154,700 

4,500 

152.  132 

597 

70,  293 

379 

'.'1 

9,544 

633,  138 

(>]O   tYjfl 

4  575 

760  025 

152,  720 

S5 

132  317 

1  4FO 

178  443 

1,115 

22 

38,510 

1,225,229 

231,  994 

11)  774 

1,4-17  140 

195,  171 

70  911 

07) 

63  338 

8,115 

23 

41,970 

1,  190.  66.* 

98,  589 

10  177 

1  075  830 

25,021 

715 

78  601 

245 

31  715 

2,  076 

24 

49,  589 

1,442,879 

Ifi9,  007 

4,  185 

2  068  861 

183,841 

3  410 

04  49° 

205  733 

5  COO 

14,030 

521,452 

132,  097 

!>.  024 

360,769 

64,991 

12,91)0 

65  811 

111,581 

252 

15,282 

5-16,  341 

281,937 

2,046 

584,401 

03,  452 

4,090 

3')  540 

r)  ^7 

43  805 

4,  787 

"7 

4,817 

1,  177,207 

10,  949 

1,997 

152,  420 

138,  089 

2  157 

107  100 

1   9"4 

122  282 

38 

88 

31,655 
22,611 

9S9.ii:):! 
1,  024,  372 

3G8,  737 
74,  237 

5.  1  15 
11,451 

],334,  122 

. 

132,  334 

246,  889 

183,610 
900  079 

60,  FIX) 
2°4  °18 

307 
1  075 

77,039 

47  530 

4,  948 
673 

29 

30 

39,  133 

1,  313,  978 

361,980 

14,  635 

1,477.  197 

185,  144 

1,400 

5  907 

6  268 

340,  118 

20,482 

31 

35,918 

910,  533 

300,  032 

7,  298 

1,  133.511 

227,  737 

100 

68  441 

51 

130,  420 

905 

•;-> 

21,823 

408,  206 

71,919 

4,  853 

4  12,  048 

7!,  CIO 

7,810 

32,  776 

163 

47,  408 

86 

:  ; 

11,811 

884,  831 

30,  147 

19,  8*9 

4*7.  598 

230,  750 

23  000 

4::ii  616 

758 

66  :i82 

353 

34 

12,095 

249,  095 

85,  282 

2  065 

305  780 

3i!  '"i5 

0  017 

10  00° 

GO  004 

312 

35 

48,  658 
19,  600 

1,  161,053 
492,  442 

392,  445 
121,111 

1,  COS 
4  151 

1,416,400 

5°:1  -IS] 

79,  933 
85  779 

6,550 
106  51H 

50,618 
41  1*4 

361 

42,  627 
47  081 

7,  1119 
1  548 

36 

23,  364 

822,573 

114,  823 

18,301 

4:M  7-11 

249  130 

141  488 

1   168 

82  373 

574 

38 

IS,  921 

1,351.673 

832,  139 

1,  703 

1,0(18,998 

388,  090 

]  .  657 

209,  573 

60  919 

393 

39 

15,354 

493,  285 

161,752 

921 

424,502 

61,697 

4,  350 

31,908 

1  586 

31   226 

888 

40 

1  1  ,  -101 

829,  917 

59,  913 

8,800 

35C,  l-.'O 

55 

300  711 

207 

,-1  862 

1,007 

41 

33,810 

1,338,  190 

05,  021 

19,655 

235,546 

5     '    - 

275  30-8 

1    M  "i 

97,701 

4*0 

4-' 

4,  099 

619.659 

Si,  844 

11,  1K1 

431,004 

96,254 

5  OOU 

I'M  6-5 

168 

25-'  ^5li 

139 

41 

13,756 

337,856 

140,  52S 

(171) 

536.  179 

• 

-17  593 

11  395 

°  11-  'i; 

44 

43,  738 

1   *30  577 

110,065 

13  949 

1   771   459 

•-"15  51)5 

10  103 

2  017 

45 

25,  -156 

872,  523 

214.  227 

4,419 

so;',  784 

154,386 

1,500 

S  "i  873 

46 

IT  -;• 

1,390 

46 

12,  255 

1  .  390,  636 

15 

78,082 

3,616 

03  1,7  14 

140,  773 

18,  174 

286,  265 

2,  990 

217,541 

1,217 

47 

114 


STATE    OF    OHIO. 


A  G  II I  C  U  L  T  U  U E . 


rorxTiES. 

PRODUCED. 

3 

a 

T. 

3 
(S 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wiue,  gallons  of. 

~ 
•P  1                     5 

K-          l 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

a. 
1 

Clover  seed,  bushels 
of. 

.c 

3 

1 
3: 

5 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

A.  lams  

3,  273 
4.  030 
23,  217 
5.  717 
470 
32,  392 
36,  190 
10,710 
337,  004 
7,  Oil 
8,  063 
13,  803 
19,  013 
5,  828 
7,  254 
8,  099 
13,  J04 
3,  335 
29,  142 
2,  590 
3,.>1 
10,  308 
25,  679 
356 
7,  850 
7,  322 
401 
3,91(1 
25,  938 
10,  229 
170,  904 
7,012 
2,  479 
9,  153 
384 
1,234 
1,418 
20,  858 
10,090 
121 
49,  139 
9,  565 
14,  759 

1,  04  1 
19,  278 
55,058 
31,137 
14,  930 
14,  985 
39,  245 
2,201 
0,  452 
136,  250 
13,  805 
8,612 
0,764 
0,  775 
144,703 
01,472 
45,  095 
17,  075 
23,  669 
11,595 
45,  721 
9,  409 
2.1,  107 
7,986 
27,  134 
16,372 
4,  002  ' 
23,  717 
7,  796 
49,219 
7,373 
22,  037 
17,  071 
40.910 
5,400 
2,960 
14,  266 
02,815 
13,  -122 
3,  314 
30,  579 
66,  131 
15,  980 
672 
70,  122 
10,808 
16,613 

$20,  97-1 
20,  175 
25,  306 
41,594 
17,  799 
17,  849 
37,190 
10,  307 
15,  592 
3,055 
34,  908 
25,  020 
27,  003 
16,695 
9,  479 
1C,  484 
36,  444 
67,  -137 
16,  92S 
8,  103 
6,  765 
52,  252 

10.  182 
22,761 
19,367 
24,  737 
21,  254 
16,939 
10.  ,-,56 
26,  633 
29,  079 
7,  115 
13,  043 
7,499 
10,  432 
2,906 
27,090 
30,  820 
6,  491 
18,306 
17,820 
41,8)0 
43,  779 
16,911 
29,  -159 
68,  184 

3,  201 

$360 
95 
45 
125 
4,  543 
910 
23,411 
1-1,048 
8,  092 
871 
4,  155 
7,  695 
5,877 
525 
1,225 
50 
765 
61,  692 
858 
918 
242 
12,  279 
8,049 
865 
31,  855 
217 
1,050 
1,  258 
4,380 
861 
459,  196 

09 
35 
4,782 
25 
3,960 
423 
464 
4,  070 
5,430 
3,  187 
9,  603 
5.354 
4,434 
50 
2,  551 

385.  S20 
471,410 
827.  720 
896,  838 
634,  872 
411,951 
671,376 
510,  297 
557,  344 
612,  134 
318,  013 
473,  250 
593,  708 
565,  834 
794,  349 
518,0-11 
619,407 
1,  102,605 
442,  500 
226,  315 

459,  586 
668,  294 
29(i,  871 
653,048 
369,  448 
309,  430 
760,781 
434,791 
595,  122 
691,716 
486,  634 
217,  964 
636,211 
134,511 
400.  682 
286,  230 
584,  489 
826,  964 
331,  108 
520,576 
721,877 
.189,  79.1 
183,  957 
902,  805 
472,  191 
1,2-13.992 

2,  042 
15,573 
82,717 
2,  375,  705 
89,  213 
3.680 
15,415 
16,  274 
3,  400 
21,266 
71,570 
14,  934 
868 
12,445 
61,881 
10,901 
4,  704 
1,.  133.  727 
5,  170 
5,  981 
29,  364 
39,  145 
12,  336 
4,695 
9,233 
46,  105 
25,  712 
4,  519,  998 
5,369 
20,  826 
2,475 
34,  229 
5,  830 
12,358 
8,746 
8,055 
11,  674 
15,341   : 
42/052 
18,695 
10,  213 
41,037 
257,  090 
1,  113 
175,311  ! 
2,316 
1,  177,293 

7,  220 
10,  869 
25.  947 
38.  723 
19,  278 
10,  (X)8 
21,421 
8,  334 
7,  377 
10,071 
15,314 
15,673 
12,  220 
10,140 
30,  383 
13,  727 
2-1,  832 
32,  379 
II.  100 
9,  954 
18,051 
15,901 
17,  265 
4,  807 
15,502 
20,  280 
9,149 
37,600 
9,  239 
20,  962 
19,  090 
18,917 
8,  932 
18,  496 
5,  100 
10,796 
10,  056 
21,091 
32,  620 
9,  732 
Hi,  22-1 
20,  507 
23,  902 
•1,  375 
23,  927 
16,225 
32,  030  • 

1,040 

2,  901 
10,  822 
4 
104 
672 
2.  192 
52 
31 
2,715 
1,499 
1,441 
02 
26 
5,  501 
815 
12,  309 
.11 
508 
1,529 
1,333 
997 
25,791 
3 
377 
2,  093 
629 
15 
274 
767 

659 
552 
517 
508 
1,098 
202 
791 
581 
546 
014 
603 
1,167 
1,081 
889 
262 
781 
1,976 
71 
457 
307 
6.11 
258 
1,  139 
612 
670 
201 
350 
299 
520 
2,  079 
86 
1,01-1 
159 
1,  1-15 
123 
994 
769 
631 
306 
030 
806 
1,022 
392 
78 
751 
743 
780 

Allen 

90 
2,770 
083 
350 

3 
150 
173 
101 
351 
90,110 
14,202 

1,410 
19 
8-1 
559 
2,515 
104 
5 

Butler. 

Carroll 

147 

Clark 

60,032 

Clinton... 

293 
42 
196 
59 
49 
4 
49 
7-1 
210 

323 
01 
072 
61 
630 
45 
0,010 
315 

Darke. 

Erie  

F  airfield 

45 
62 
05 
191 
6 
42 
353,  818 
73 
10 
182 
398 
07 

207 
220 
138 
1,0-12 
52 
502 

485 
20 
44 
273 

1,1-1 
22 
15 
411 
57 
358 
5,000 
•17 
571 
I* 
131 

Fulton  

Gallin  

7,  426 
933 
1,092 
233 
255 
012 
9,  737 
1,328 
180 
1,919 
3,  678 
75 
14 
754 
2,081 
379 

Highland 

42 
305 

11 

178 
588 
15 

3*1 

Licking 

11,232 
5,615 
6.  815 

Loraiu  .. 

STATK    OF    OHIO. 


11; r, 


AG  ElICCLTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

•S 

"c 
> 

i 

QD 

_5 

1 

"a 

< 

1 
2 

3 

i 

Q 

9 
10 

11 

13 

14 
15 
1C 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
H 
25 
26 
27 
28 
•  • 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
: 
41 
12 
43 

;: 

• 

Dew  rotted,  tous 
of. 

HEMP. 

1° 

t 

I 

3.    . 

6 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

FlaxM'ed.  bufhels  of. 

Silk  cocoone.  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  pupar.  liluls.  <>f 
1.000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 

pallons  of. 

Beoswnx,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home- 
made,  value  of. 

i           ! 

25  122 

4,887 

7.  570 
4,684 
2,  549 
2,  671 
2,  199 
3,  950 
3  3°8 

20,  085 
6.  297 
571 
1,261 

28,  335 
486 
10,786 
8,418 
11,696 
802 
5,  376 
7,243 
17,  061 
10,  967 
168 
6,732 
2,115 
1,297 
13,  286 
6,766 
4,412 
4,375 
29.3B3 
7,129 
14,117 
8,114 
13,  824 
81 
4,523 
11,454 
2,349 
17,546 
4,  920 
5,  734 
7,060 
19,577 
28,  C49 
11,651 
5,872 
12,  552 
1,163 
13,  4SO 
9,100 
6,  170 
10,923 
4,227 
r>  fifia 

170 
777 
498 
1,534 

554 
708 
539 
429 
632 
1,470 
246 
329 
259 
72 
450 
551 
1,041 
849 
430 
1,287 
275 
713 
520 
377 
528 
1,954 
371 
868 
94 
427 
77 
930 
715 
49 
678 
386 
34 
555 
1,241 
199 
212 
786 
437 
308 
1,068 
137 
]   549 

17,  652 
21,  118 
19,088 
37,389 
19,  540 
16,  137 
21,520 
17,904 
3,965 
16,955 
14,339 
14,209 
15,985 
13,190 
19,237 
23,120 
16,  739 
13,  936 
22,085 
10,650 
15,  936 
14,  145 
23,630 
14,484 
17,  859 
17,248 
10,453 
17.  '.':•:! 
7,153 
23,  242 
8,402 
17,586 
16,966 
20,  244 
7,968 
14,922 
2,770 
14,  436 
18,024 
6,  972 
11,496 
23,109 
19,816 
12,  P:;4 
23,911 
18,555 
29  530 

$9,  476 
13,733 
2,640 

26,708 
15,978 

7,  <«> 

4,396 
14,316 
3,555 
2,  451 
2,718 
2,557 

1,094 
4,535 
6,422 
5,694 
3,065 
7,  152 
5,206 
20,077 
2,  837 
10,232 
1,905 
9,  325 
4,  367 
21,374 
6,453 
453 
7,027 
10,  593 
6,866 
3,434 
1,371 
2,813 
5,857 
19,868 
4,863 
4,623 
16,  140 
23 
5,  435 
2,470 
11,464 
9,198 
1,  650 
o  7ro 

$139,  153 
119,440 
107,223 
115,  864 
122,  375 
116,708 
188,  163 
213,  916 
31H,  274 
149,  157 
142,  136 
192,029 
288,462 
282,  839 
lfO,555 
153,142 
141,  548 
201,  993 
192,  715 
76,881 
120,255 
106,241 
208,  838 
111,  169 
218,  475 
96,  788 
120,  578 
89,322 
221,439 
160,655 
387,823 
143,  975 
73,679 
100,824 
56,  419 
165,  986 
101,548 
128,  907 
156,379 
94,568 

148,  645 
81,374 
87,807 
230,089 
129,955 

197  Of  R 

15 

347 

885 
7,  081 
2,  774 
559 
255 
170 

4.  4M 
495 
118 
6,  74(1 
93 
2° 
1,  430 
333 
3,  248 
8,  443 
48 

295 

98 
7 

28,412 
85,931 
185,  025 
22,718 
15,  321 
3,60] 
12  326 

15 

59 

20 

3l  ! 
142 

243 
18 
211 

11,478 
577 
40,  699 
3,  570 
8,309 
101,211 
20,259 
9  265 

. 

1 

140 

2,  293 
238 
3,000 
103 

787 
4,  658 
2,  497 
8,277 
11  983 

3 

3,180 
777 
1,541 

2,623 

2(1 
594 

4 

6,762 
1,641 
4,148 
297 
7,  753 
2,  140 
8,160 

7 

17,531 
32,210 
21,  807 
14,830 
76  465 

82 

3,412 
610 
4,491 

24,  811 
18 
11,271 

416 

2,412 

629 

123 

31,805 
3,729 
14,  270 
7,608 
7,  324 
240,  618 
46,  912 
1,213 
'    1,748 
55,  372 
45,  601 
2,847 
13,082 
24,  480 
6,297 
8,442 
21  802 

6,652 
1,515 
4,204 
554 
2,147 
3,980 
5,  452 
487 
4,267 
5,495 
2,935 
1,884 
1  °°1 

30 

320 
390 
1,829 
195 
80 
5,284 

78 
107 
533 
241 
8,  323 
189 

28 

3 
3 

1 

735 
89 
1,  933 
257 
40 
1,929 
1,758 
263 
1,857 
01 
1,  194 
500 
3,070 
1,849 
7CO 

639 
2,352 
83 
413 

37 

112 

i 

5 



3,525 
1,788 
1,043 
1,058 
432 
2,912 
3,  346 
383 
763 
5,809 
7,335 
2  005 

280 
213 
107 
412 
4 
3,  439 
72 
92 
563 
6,547 
23 

16 

90 

6 

3,605 
3,216 
59  984 

5 



50 

37,025 
7,507 
41,011 
o.jO  4gg 

20 

0 

70.113  '.. 

IK; 


STATE    OF    OHIO. 


A  G  R I C  U  L  T  U  R  E  . 


48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
•)3 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 

! 

63 

: 
64 
65 

66 

; 
' 
::• 
:n 
,  i 
ra 

73 

74 

,:. 
;i; 
-,-,• 
i" 
7:l 
BO 
-i 
82 
:; 
B4 
65 
86 

M 
• 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  valuu  of. 

LIVC  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  ill  farms. 

o 

Asses  aud  mules. 

o 
rt 

Working  oxen. 

Other  c:Ut!e. 

£. 

t 

.a 
& 

54  7;>7 
183,  624 
165,  !)84 
130,  153 
179,  381 
81,856 
77,  600 
148,  985 
142,  400 
185,  731 
138,100 
149,  404 
232,  548 
141,558 
33,  545 
14,  074 
153,  480 
170,  442 
90,  304 
230,  761 
145,  818 
04,531 
197,  029 
238,  895 
79,  104 
81,288 
182,  316 
93,  484 
224,  869 
174,073 
231,500 
200,  803 
125,275 
48,541 
70,  379 
214,  103 
02,  157 
262,  909 
78,001 
84,  887 
312,  19(1 

55,  405 
71,  363 
69,  838 
85,  503 
73,  701 
83,  706 
102,  024 
88,  602 
124,  880 
89,  211 
103,  769 
92,  594 
131,  475 
101,918 
36,  358 
28,  591 
91,  033 
61,595 
112,  172 
75,  882 
115,  C!>8 
109,  899 
104,  304 
149,  928 
51,  671 
76,  744 
118,  491 
103,  098 
102,313 
60,  134 
104,  325 
102,834 
87,  527 
77,  402 
113,  782 
99,  464 
175,  750 
84,  697 
81,  871) 
114,212 
90,  475 

$3,  160,  115 
7,  785,  708 
9,  194,  650 
6,  128,  526 
8,  044,  509 
3,  613,  309 
3,  203,  331 
11,240,  900 
5,  062,  236 
18,204,634 
5,  785,  357 
7,  505,  514 
10,  310,  607 
5,  434,  051 
2,  022,  570 
540,  726 
5,960,231 
9,977,415 
3,  831,  994 
10,  924,  625 
11,102,552 
3,  210,  018 
11,805,541 
11,  981,  045 
3,  925,  728 
3,  347,  888 
10,371,100 
4,  699,  322 
14,081,452 
!),  579,  953 
9,  890,  400 
7,  743,  502 
4,  718,  795 
2,  090,  190 
2,  580,  130 
14,  024,  948 
6,  755,  650 
10,159,530 
6,  858,  880 
4,187,710 
5,  519,  238 

$95,  125 
130,040 

177,  987 
167,  489 
280,  435 
105,  064 
202,  431 
345,  527 
128,  530 
427,  903 
101,  758 
182,  880 
218,282 
151,  665 
80,109 
17,  005 
129,  182 
212,  13li 
105,  390 
239,  080 
256,  789 
91,  974 
339,  801 
246,  085 
142,  739 
142,  777 
298,  085 
137,  926 
371,717 
327,  453 
212,  827 
233,  573 
122,  851 
00,142 
SO,  412 
307,  092 
221,  039 
417,060 
90,  063 
164,  765 
159,  458 

3,  079 
7,  651 
7,441 
C,  572 
8,027 
3,309 
5,  057 
8,  435 
0,811 
9,  937 
7,  190 
7,  935 
9,461 
7,103 
2,159 
916 
7,452 
8,889 
4,301 
7,  893 
8,559 
3,  049 
10,912 
9,  779 
4,  822 

•3   or>o 
J,  J~J 

11,191 
5,210 
10,413 
0,078 
8,507 
9,  455 
7,030 
3,  039 
3,  346 
9,  098 
7,  355 
14,303 
3,  479 
5,  119 
5,  4C8 

8 
76 
90 
54 
47 
20 
40 
284 
41 
109 
72 
40 
26 
19 
5 
3 
34 
01 
166 
101 
62 
15 
46 
151 
12 
120 
21 
43 
60 
47 

23 
175 
28 
139 

105 
110 
141 
82 
67 
100 

3,  925 
4,  437 
10,  390 
5,745 
12,  908 
3,  573 
4,865 
7  227 
7,79!) 
9,388 
6,  025 
8,548 
9,707 
0,833 
2,  004 
1,303 
7,  013 
6,718 
3,  496 
10,449 
0,  627 
4,  302 
11,  290 
7,  462 
4,575 
3,  100 
10,363 
5,  026 
12,  762 
14,234 
23,  179 
10,416 
5,934 
3,  492 
3,  576 
7,  447 
8,529 
10,  180 
4,751 
0,  175 
4,  794 

730 
040 
542 
302 
279 
1,502 
607 
139 
2,  1S5 
90 
1,177 
506 
791 
1,200 
419 
450 
513 
706 
960 
849 
80 
728 
335 
1,  124 
310 
1,219 
507 
351 
279 
490 
838 
516 
088 
713 
1,318 
186 
2.  972 
803 
1,  183 
1,  299 
724 

5,14! 
15,  182 
13,747 
11,704 
15,117 
4,875 
6,  610 
8,322 
8,  61  3 
8,  402 
9,  097 
11,  303 
17,  222 
10,917 
3,  725 
1,  622 
12,817 
14,  952 
5,814 
16,  892 

6,  239 
13,  908 
14,  003 
8,373 
5,  678 
15,  032 
6,  024 
14,  925 
11,341 
19,  582 
17,  409 
9,420 
0,  303 
5,978 
8,157 
13,410 
21,  287 
7,103 
9,802 
13,261 

8,  094 
58,092 
83,371 
48,  284 
93,  013 
12,  124 
10,  860 
14,514 
19,  273 
8,  052  ' 
29,  904 
59,  048 
86,  356 
29,  084 
17,  697 
1,123 
47,  062 
14,156 
11,774 
79,  220 
7,  909 
9,  367 
61,  512 
14,911 
22  274 
7,  640 
71,  697 
13,417 
08,  183 
63,717 
66,  555 
80,  262 
30,  302 
0,  360 
14,  177 
14,  260 
31,301 
09,  470 
10,  934 
10,001 
CO,  537 

Miami 

Ottawa 

Tike  . 

Pivblu  

Richlaiid 

Seioto 

Sbrlbv  

Stark  

Trumbull 

Van  Wort  

Viuton  

AVaiTcn  

Wood 

Wyandott 

Total 

12,625,394 

7,  840,  747 

678,  132,  991 

17,  538,  832 

625,  346 

7,194 

670,  585 

63,  078 

895,  077 

3,  516,  767 

STATE    OF   OHIO. 


117 


A  G  11 1  C  U  L  T  U  11  E  . 


LIVK  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

o 

3 

tj 

o 

» 

*£ 

UB 
P 
A 

1    » 
o 

g 

Oat*,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  luilcs 
of  400  Ibn.  each. 

Woo],  pounds  of. 

Peasnnd  brans.  bush 
els  of. 

. 

Irish  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

48 
49 

52 

53 
54 
55 

57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
l>7 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 

76 

77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
. 
-- 

8,  326 
28,  8  Ki 
11,079 
28,  Kir. 

is,  2-ia 

10,  487 
34,747 

27,  232 

15,910 
35,  500 
30,331 

IX,  708 
Sil,  204 
19,873 
9,  48.| 
fi,  958 
S3,  307 
75,  489 
24,  5U4 
9,  223 
46,  205 
25,  779 
HI,  37li 
60,617 
15,  578 
17,  1-15 
37,  496 
24,411 
26,411 
14,915 
8,  897 
27,012 
81,885 
33,363 
12,  484 
46,601 
23,  4(15 
54,  2411 
19,  203 
20,  342 

26,  17!> 

$369,  781 

i,  ir>i,:ii)'.i 

1,  177,970 
869,  100 
1,375,830 
•111,  i:,o 
501,741 
9117,  47fi 
743,  817 
1,129,486 
840,  663 
1,  040,  002 
1,  139,  424 
759,  244 
249,  005 
100,  447 
795,856 
1,282,408 
643,  835 
1,683,069 
990,  183 
•1  12,  29  1 
1,  383,  254 
1,  398,  127 
432,  825 
413,  59fi 
1,210,200 
490,  851 
1,  306,  905 
1,  132,323 
1,573,020 
1,  0(M,  079 
804,  (HI 
396,000 
454,  376 
1,  224,  740 
904,828 
1,  005,  946 
483,  K.7 
625,  178 
719,362 

96,  502 
511,  6.-." 
5.  -102 
(17,  002 
68,673 
188,  201 
186,034 
43C,  039 
154,701 
571,  049 
96,  543 
53,  264 
258,  149 
88,  133 
78,343 
27,  4  Hi 
112,  206 
242,  290 
139,  047 
11,819 
402,  857 
139,  720 
156,341 
382,  748 
251,927 
155,  423 
521,  713 
144,  824 
46,  55-1 
86,  131 
1,  485 
143,758 
61,  856 
103,  564 
70,  190 
412,909 
168,  800 
341,833 
144,446 
169,  275 
112,  148 

4,  378 
8,  804 
2,  017 
3,395 
6,  832 
5,  .IC- 
SS,  124 
25,  496 
3,  064 
24,042 
875 
2,  739 
13,612 
1,  153 
532 
1,  549 
3,  993 
6,309 
961 
3,676 
5,813 
5,317 
19,  051 
9,  356 
3,830 
27 
9,110 
11,  959 
2,041 

o,  i8i 

583 
18,  726 
2,  895 
4,311 
058 
2,627 
3.  858 
20,  555 
12,  942 
6,627 
C,  357 

384,389 

1,312,  4:J3 
389,691 

1,  143,  465 
414,522 
335  032 
494,958 

1,  307,  622 
535,  779 
1,647,103 
C84,  307 
650,  052 
1,004.  116 
706,  423 
215,364 
138,  576 
503,  828 
2,  705,  098 
962,  244 
423,  754 
1.  163,976 
625,740 
743,  757 
2,987,892 
478,  93(1 
995,504 
893,  231 
500,  597 
480,  009 
521,953 
383,973 

062.  504 
923,  086 
296,  191 
369,770 
1,  709.  239 
750,  968 
910,  105 
408,961 
687,  840 
616,  079 

49,446 

930 

75 

23,  7:12 
212,740 
270,641 
129,  802 

653 

191 
478 
306 

3.  OIK) 

1,563 

254 
598 
1,  593 
408 
990 
1,856 
950 
1,504 
868 
178 
532 
507 
117 
5,  288 
131 
8 
954 
1,  283 
46 
519 
608 
101 
1,669 
2,  121 
890 
865 
717 
17 
1,  357 
997 
7,295 
884 
008 
783 
43 

150,883 
36,  382 
139,  893 

165,585 

61,587 
70,  289 
64,942 
02,100 
111,  753 
43,500 
80,  773 
110,361 
37,315 
41,  255 
18,  055 
55,  772 
03,380 
46,  339 
173,  252 
43,  779 
03,  085 
152,  564 
65,  617 
143,  377 
44,  935 
103,  167 
48,602 
167,  108 
133,792 
•  179,942 
108,  850 
52,  521 
40,  850 
35,  072 

136,  057 
180,285 
90,948 

71.199 

6 
370 
32 

214 
512 

4,802 
672 
7,939 
P83 
22,  366 
8,  535 
219 
8,268 
930 
235 
223 
2,778 
4,  073 
2,  075 
1P6 
12,  484 
, 
433 
5,254 
200 

1,  724 
7^6 
1,433 
479 
922 
1,022 
303 
834 
2,  219 
33,  267 
5,!  83 
L.956 

9 

117 

39,  603 

336,640 
142,993 

3(Xi,  1  14 
49,  1(19 
83,680 
242,179 
232,956 
341,  001 
21)6,719 
217,  -101 
214,018 
165,  306 
36,098 
7,  544 
118,463 
57,018 
64,204 
237,  053 
243,096 

2,347 

31,  776 
18,  191 
19  002 

336,  752 
28,  977 
26,  792 
47,  005 
47,  543 
23,  395 
90,  684 
174,  043 
252,  005 
87,  046 
55  ,-'i:i 

75  635 

4,368,051 

5,  658,  550 
1,290,311 





8,730 
3,  386,  874 
200 
620 
10-1,  178 
412 
3  515 

3,079 
141,611 
41,417 
°9  175 

14,310 

270  029 

272  302 
27  968 

63,718 

466  679 

3  500 

28,086 
183,103 
43,  527 
65,  162 
17  27° 
216,538 
41,348 
21)7,718 
184,  246 
216,690 
227,214 
99.  940 
17,730 
34,  053 
36,  958 
76.  Ill 
217,484 
55,  343 
55.  145 
i:  8,052 

o  435 

70,569 
139,955 

47,  979 
392,  860 
167,  580 
4:17,119 
254,  010 
266,321 

16,  917 

191 
4  357 

102,  645 
612 
"72 
925 

32,  4  18 
905 



372,  160 
05,  180 
33,350 
45,  726 
188,  536 
88,139 
592,  693 
92,724 
92,638 
103,  572 

7,  130 
349,  160 
1  396  217 

3  'Kill 

12,  603 

2,  251,  653 

80,384,819 

15,  119,  047 

683,  686 

73,543,  190 

15,  409,  234 

25  l)-'0  581 

10,  608,  927 

102,  51  1 

C.  695.  101            304,415 

118 


STATE    OF    OHIO. 


AGRICULTURE. 


•:• 

4'J 
50 
51 
52 
53 
5-1 

:,.-. 
: 
57 
53 
59 
60 
Cl 
62 
63 
61 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 

63 

84 
85 
80 
87 
88 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

•c 

E 
,r 

44 

Orcluird  products, 
viilnu  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

i 

~    0 

II 

T  ~£ 
b  -3 

"c 
c 

t," 

Cheese,  pounds  nf. 

c 
^ 

Si 
ca 

u 
O 

*3 

s 
& 

?   o 
~ 

T. 

C 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

6,  88d 
100 
8,  C:i8 
1,01*0 
11,240 
309 
22,  347 
55,  2G2 

90,  8!>5 
9,095 
5,7*4 
6,996 
1,  882 
£78 
428 
5,  93G 
577 
53 
16,694 
41,898 
2,  022 
3!),  031 
2,402 
3,507 
1,  329 
-  15,  570 
19,615 
56,  124 
25,  982 
2,201 
13,  142 
1,  33(1 
5,226 
105 
132,  C2li 
1,012 
40,  038 
3,  401 
3,  589 
2,355 

13,  020 
11,665 
08,  584 
21,81!) 
32,  492 
6.  555 
14,622 
11,254 
22,  999 
0,  725 
22,  741 
43,  574 
34,  471 
16,581 
5,  261 
3,  512 
20,  840 
9,  103 
4,  541) 
45,  920 
0,603 
7,  533 
75.  1(1!) 

:i,  ."4 

'I   117 

$21,  047 
2,689 
948 
27,  614 
53,  902 
13,  593 
9,680 
30,  008 
23,  944 
30.  344 
15,  092 
35,  877 
24,139 
16,  036 
9,618 
1,720 
3,  553 
12,725 
22,  308 
28,  004 
21,281 
3,  024 
48,  56ii 
9,730 
58   132 

207 

$24,  926 
I,  000 
1,440 
1,584 
7,750 
1,133 
65 
9,  576 
215 
50,  758 
4,  732 
91 
24,  008 
81 
2,098 
78 
26 
5,  121 
4,  827 
1,  592 
230 
43 
675 
11,028 
809 
11,424 
1,  373 
4,400 
2,072 
1,317 
317 
2,047 
572 
355 
4,  248 
6,  508 
6,  428 
4,  213 
214 
3,  603 
105 

301,  956 
109,  835 
775,  722 
439,  519 
977,  373 
257,  431 
386,  955 
647,  191 
461,  538 
604,  747 
766,  520 
672,  100 
694,  992 
475,  353 
104,  278 
50,  012 
463,  020 
465,  220 
I'10  535 

18,770 
140,  030 
129,  010 
6,  454 
507,  089 
41,159 
9,  555 
13,  590 
17,673 
1,  747 
35,  523 
47,  400 
11,  487 
50,  400 
2,792 
2,330 
in,  248 
2,323 

17,  127 
8,316 
37,  884 
17.271 
29,  567 
13,  814 
10,  140 
11,  124 
10,  370 
14,  987 
18,  433 
25,  472 
22,096 
15,102 
7,  633 
2,  815 
14,  141 
7,703 
4,878 
33,801 
8,  430 
'     9,183 
32,  934 
7,945 
15,  029 
G,  334 
31,583 
7,027 
49,  145 
30,  244 
54,  270 
26,  686 
14,  432 
C,  C89 
8,  701 
9,  C23 
10,  102 
49,  651 
13,  972 
17,  106 
1C,  049 

175 
5 
0,  423 
4,  502 
11,107 
47 
295 
1,174 
555 
1,440 
1,  299 
0,058 
1,301 
297 
124 
47 
992 
537 
24 
2,  735 
1,042 
1,075 
18,  298 
93 
5,562 
62 
12,  233 
203 
10,214 
7,  401 
423 
6,  077 
460 
505 
52 
108 
592 
18,293 
2,  570 
1,531 
2,  494 

16 

171 
127 
711 
436 
293 
207 
534 
768 
512 
944 
1,119 
1,  590 
862 
255 
124 
1,166 
971 
58 
120 
831 
302 
520 
1,230 
157 
17 
2,013 
275 
079 
122 
125 
875 
493 
221 
677 
1,048 
6::7 
1,790 
239 
380 
448 

20 

20 

37 
86 

89 
450 
50 
31 
S3 
26 
79 
176 
9 
37 
670 
322 

CO 
15 

229 

126 

Mei'-'S 

50 
36 
1,566 
24,005 
283 

684 
56- 
474 
5 
60 
111 
305 
04 
5 
24 
71 
583 

Noble                  

Ottawa 

Puukling 

Pike 

Portii"*.-  

1,  437,  550 
009,  921 
430,  961 
921,  907 
459,  606 
245,  303 
102,  033 
COO,  4G1 
307,  780 
1,091,923 
874,  729 
996,584 
!>7tl,  235 
484,  896 
185,  037 
217,604 
409,  833 
682,  915 
1,169,581 
406,  827 
410,  189 
372,  603 

4,  004,  351 

2,717 
2,618 
10,  377 
15,472 
8,710 
490 
37,  787 
8,  348 
29,  589 
2,278 
5,201,951 
25,  180 
111,070 
10,805 
12,975 
7,232 
95,  205 
47,  472 
0,  019 
7,  241 
2,310 

Preble  

llichl  and 

145 
160 

ROB8 

2,  074 
18,729 
14,020 
113,978 
42,841 
50,  143 
78,  173 
31,045 
11,925 
(i,  807 
7,  921 
24,  504 
97,  710 
13,  874 
29,  720 
20,007 

7,  285 
01,011 
1C,  300 
14,  072 
27,  986 
4,  492 
17,  730 
10,017 
4,578 
5,102 
29,  084 
32,  107 
32,  702 
12,  305 
22,  621 
10,  851 

3,  685 
932 

129 
84 

Shelby  

Stark  

25 
371 

37 
23 

608 
23 
523 
439 
133 

Trumbull              .   ». 

Van  \ViTt  

Vinton 

3 
3,541 

855 
170 
58 
76 

511 
95 
044 
1,990 
40 
118 
o 

Washington 

Wood 

Total  

1,  063,  868 

2,  370,  050 

1,  929,  309 

508,  017 

907,  513 

48,543,102 

21,618,893 

1,  564,  502 

243,  489 

54,990 

27,533 

STATE    OF   OHIO. 


119 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

O 
4, 
3 

c 

To 
Jd 

I 

"A 

49 
50 

53 
51 
55 
56 
.-,7 
- 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
70 
77 
78 
79 

81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flnxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

a 
g 

G. 

fci)    O 

D 

"5. 
1 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

o 
1 

O 
0, 

3 

4 

o 

o 
p. 

a 
o 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  valuo  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

£•  S 
B.3 

290 
2,185 

1,  150 
1,  115 
38 
1,453 
3,923 
11,563 
36,  6-15 
19,  542 
23,646 
13,557 
32,  740 
7,680 
13,  118 
20,  988 
7 
790 
1!),  07-1 
7,  0-14 
14,  488 
53 
8,572 
2,  078 
4,124 
19,  597 
322 
2,554 
12,304 
3,507 
3,083 
1,692 
1,614 
11,  703 
3,000 
3,323 
3,544 
5,  .-'07 
16,636 
8.  323 
4,751 
7,394 
2,  069 

031 
5)5 
217 
1,207 
1.  H'5 
123 
737 
1,389 
478 
412 
461 
830 
161 
383 
406 
1,107 
'  250 
269 
368 
708 
208 
984 
425 
270 
169 
120 
1,138 
590 
560 
853 
591 
836 
306 
810 
182 
317 
498 
1,  302 
860 
2,100 
504 

10,  697 
18,009 
9,265 
22,453 
19,245 
8,  846 
22,701 
12,  834 
14,  603 
9,559 
20,879 
23,  032 
19,  B30 
17,  296 
6,  332 
5,551 
13,011 
15,  834 
10,  738 
21,429 
11,251 
18,337 
15,  472 
25,  603 
1,309 
7,691 
14,914 
10,506 
19,  971 
23,  676 
24,  948 
29,  984 
18,  326 
20,  7117 
12,  784 
10,  079 
14,  347 
42,  4-H 
11,450 
19,555 
9,  793 

$166 
480 
200 
5,  985 

10,  681 
6,682 
3,  130 
16,275 
3,  196 
4.919 
2,804 
8,  631 
11,485 
225 
920 
16,389 
5,601 
11,875 
9,  147 
3,  961 
4,  599 
6,454 
10,255 

4,969 
12,643 
3,991 
2,  281 
1,312 
2,035 
9,760 
9,  317 
5,791 
14,234 
3,410 
13,  153 
8,978 
1,784 
2,890 

?77,  3C9 
92,791 
141,172 
110,  552 
152,  372 
79,  043 
130,  707 
207,008 
126,  102 
49,  957 
112,  419 

268,  629 
104,676 
66,  722 
23.  974 
122,  933 
227  261 
139,  076 
150,  446 
351,  320 
103,223 
297,  990 
252,004 
121,  507 
88,204 
211,  883 
106,  673 
1,  523,  568 
159,  357 
158,  287 
192,  934 
97.  955 
60,  198 
73,  883 
333,  460 
184,  233 
272,986 

136,308 
112,377 

410 
12,585 
1,055 

1,  881 

13,990 

12,  668 
111 
12,  558 
434 

10,  701 
17 
572 

1P5 
7,000 
2,682 
4,941 
817 
G27 
12,  748 
807 
22,  078 
1,017 
5  532 
481 
1,395 
98B 
1,103 
6,  089 
2,366 

11,008 
330 
3,615 
520 
2,872 
1,018 
2,413 
349 

201 
1,418 

010 

39,  703 
28,174 

139,  720 

40 
12 

7  922 

C 
314 

33,  360 

7,  252 

50 
30 

275 
50 
360 

54,721 
2,793 
58,336 
473 
3,542 
3   110 

6 

9 

12 
4,166 
50 
1,005 
170,  219 
465,  940 

39 
590 

45 
7,702 
25,  081 
o 

3,411 

12 

6,126 
23,402 
10,712 
12  310 

27 

1,220 
10,  133 
10,  093 
1,840 

9.  -1-7 
10,1-13 
9 

2,  853 
3,  109 
3,  882 
1,192 
9,337 
1,319 
13,096 
1,187 
19,  051 
1  •>.  984 
1,782 
(i,  78(i 
3,  757 
38 
2,282 

120 

250,  608 

39,041 
16,  091 
61,562 



872 
390 

23,  724 

410 
378 
717 
23,288 
100,400 
12,  800 
5,131 
525 
205 
1,787 
7,030 
1,  1176 
2,082 
841 
618 

1 
159 
11,  576 
0,052 
1,335 
9,808 
975 
1,383 
2,720 
72 
2,  492 
158 
5,  267 
66 
51 

2  615 

1 

6 
58 

24,  346 

14,  149 
28,  730 
44.  247 

127  400 



5 

o 

3,800 

7,017 
157  701 

19 

18,  073 
21  585 

76 

79    .11!') 

3 

160 

353 
234 
600 
33 

5,  831 
149,  438 
49,  181 
17,  906 
13  68' 

'  

13 

928 

682,  423  j    242,  420 

7,394 

3,  345,  5(^ 

370,512.     5,  779,  070  !       53,786       1,459,601 

596,197 

14,  725,  945 

120 


STATE    OF   OREGON. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
[II 
11 

13 

1  ! 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

o 
£ 

K 

Asses  and  mules. 

Mileh  cowa. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

(£, 

o 
o 

CO 

107,341 

52,  034 

$1,268,818 

$84,  095 

3,188 

79 

3,138 

222 

6,  005 

6,588 

15,  051 
8,  989 
C,  556 
421 
26,  743 
32,  527 
13,  454 
108,  508 
200,  980 
SB,  508 
5,  887 
102,  113 
773 
33,  966 
6,  057 
38,  133 
92,  347 

115,  901 
14,  5G9 
21,  289 
5,  704 
106,  560 
18,  334 
15,  077 
52,  803 
124,  4C1 
164,  367 
52,  649 
133,  257 
C,  537 
50,  092 
28,  381 
105,  294 
96,  756 

817,  090 
81,400 
142,  352 
29,  800 
820,  993 
575,  950 
173,  180 
991,640 
2,  668,  033 
1,902,426 
766,  440 
I,  030,  014 
21,418 
379,  745 
283,  700 
1,  172,  493 
1,  275,  101 

42,  190 
3,780 
5  212 
1,810 
52,  937 
42,  300 
15,955 
63,  294 
177,  045 
148,  109 
28,  338 
87,  024 
990 
33,  482 
20,410 
69,  629 
75,  710 

1,  630 
126 
220 
91 
3,337 
1,  571 
512 
2,  501 
6,  045 
4,  333 
659 
4,  655 
44 
1,636 
1,255 
1,  825 
3,  121 

18 

2,  124 
468 
743 
746 
3,  955 
2,388 
1,  137 
4,116 
8,  1)75 
5,013 
1,  420 
5,  183 
204 
3,  158 
3,661 
2,  194 
4,  517 

778 
90 
200 
83 
838 
407 
239 
397 
675 
576 
381 
341 
58 
513 
695 
•498 
478 

3,183 
1,  162 
1,270 
1,191 

11,606 
8,684 
2,912 
6,271 
10,  471 
6,  858 
2,  087 
11,825 
219 
4,  503 
6,  019 
2,  770 
6,456 

4,  338 
934 
743 

8 
13 
72 
123 
57 
73 
74 
48 
10 
105 

5,  833 
1,  589 
308 
7,381 
12,075 
18,  157 
1,073 
8,141 

I>olk  

78 
96 
57 
69 

6,748 
781 
3,  298 
8,  04.5 

Yam  Hill 

Total 

81)6  414 

1  164  125 

15  200  593 

952,313                 36,772                       980 

53,  170 

7,  469 

93,  4112 

86,  052 

AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 

: 

i 

7 
8 
9 
10 
U 

13 
14 
15 

i; 

17 
18 
19 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

"\Vine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro- 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

<±1 

O 

"3 

a 
3 
o 

OH 

£ 

g 

,£ 

0 

o 

fl 
o 

H 

^ 
§ 

£ 

1° 

I* 

o 

_O 

3 

£ 
'a    ° 

1 

O 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

265  1                129 

$29,  134 

406 

$10,  610 

108,  445 

9,067 

1,110 

511 

70 

Coos"'  

989 

589 
30 
130 

89,  196 
1,  940 
4,647 

•595 
5 

200 

49,  380 
11,955 
14,  821 
850 
50,  102 
48,  360 
11,605 
83,  585 
275,  142 
81,672 
11,  639 
86,  463 
1,  200 
36,  740 
19,  320 
44,488 
«4,  390 

5,  265 
4,200 
500 

2,043 
874 
1,050 

300 

10 

(Jlatsop  

30 

210 

1,  855 
7,  209 
1,  475 
1,364 
1,  809 
301 

55 
20 

3,  978 
1,025 
130 
10,  430 
64,  455 
131,843 
19,  150 
34,  713 
50 
4,707 
100 
22  855 
60,  mii 

19,  825 
4,250 
4,  400 
1,  055 
3,  040 
964 
4,265 
3,275 

4,113 
8,720 
3,460 
6,875 
10,  044 
24,  867 
500 
3,  322 

1,  293 
1,707 
497 
1,282 
S,  040 
4,  930 
2,220 
1,919 
50 
1,  365 
97li 
2,  632 
1,  961 

4 
91 

178 

311 
82 
10 
963 
357 
514 
3 

3 

31 
622 

92 
538 

176 

200 

654 
333 
62 

Miiltnomall  

Polk  

475 
150 
2,  064 
6,  831 
1,  OH2 
355 

83 
55 
OKI 
80 
534 
131 

Tillamook 



V~16 
18,435 

1,  687 
1,  0-13 

7,  240 
220 
8,872 
8,  114 

32* 
350 
182 
269 

'- 

10 
790 
137 

Washington  

10 
1 

12 
30 

Yam  Hill 

Total  

26,254  I            2,7111 

478,  479 

2,  603 

75,  605 

1,000,  157 

105,379 

27,  980 

1,433 

3,883 

1 
493 

*Xo  ri- turns. 


STATE    OF    OREGON. 


121 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE 

STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

i 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

"Wheat,  but-hels  of. 

llyc,  bushels  of. 

"3 
,d 

p 

.0 

e  <-• 

c    o 

o 

d 

0 

'-3 
a 

o 

ja 

s 
^i 

rt 
O 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

*3 

I         "1 

=      4- 

1          Is 

f              ll 

J                           B    _- 

•o                  .So 

H                       C 

•jo  spanod  '[OOA\. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  cr. 

i 

5 

f    0 

a  S 

I'' 
^ 

|C 

Sweet  potatoes,  fonsu 
els  of. 

G<»  9')6 

18,533 

1,613 

14,  882 

1 

3 

10  113 

2,164 

33,  985 

3 

838 

9,890 

M 

585 

600 

9,  744 

25 

e.'io 

2-20 

1,875 

6 

gr>  o-,3 

305 

16,  301 

3,378 

14.U74 

7 

3°  CUG 

2  MH 

5C1 

6,588 

8 

221 

7  1C7 

9 

4  058 

5°  8°4 

75    

19,  720 

15,  262 

' 
14.30C 

10 

32,153 

4  421 

27,663 

114  Yi7 

33,  130 

1,783 

42,642 

1% 

°5 

832 

846 

34  544 

gO  500 

21,681 

283 

17,082 

14 

803 

16 

4,585 

IS 

3  0")*) 

58  911 

27,  441 

965 

11,828 

16 

70  8°0 

591 

17,880 

17 

47  3(>0 

9  071 

5!>5 

18,064 

335 

1« 

^  '»  10 

26,  466 

R:,:.' 

16,  320 

It 

ggj  073 

405          

219,  012 

34,  407 

303,  319 

AGRICULTURE. 


TRODUCED. 

o 
o 
a 
"rt 
> 

1 

*3> 

3 
™ 

15 

.§ 

a 

< 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
fl 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

1 

14 
15 
16 

, 
18 

. 

HEMP. 

o 
o 

Ox 

>i 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoon?,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  Bngar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  homo- 
mudu,  value  of. 

IK  w  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

t       £ 

a.  g 

t.  — 

Si 

C 

1 

85 

$1,283 

$38,  439 

70 
65 
1-10 

150 

34,607 
5,330 
7,385 
7,110 
33,571 
90,539 
25,905 
49,  012 
84,  436 
95,  19|( 
4,339 
39,  730 
017 
3.\  830 
10,380 
43,  789 
42,253 

5 

i 

15S 

400 

300 

50 

2 

17 

2,  879 
35,393 
3,097 

I  

13 

112 

o 

17! 

249 
10 
70 

1 

171 

1,039 

i 

1 

125 

1,  708 

i 

1 

163 

G 

315 

179 

821 

46,  278 

648,  465 

10 


1-2--' 


STATE   OF   PENNSYLVANIA. 


A  G  R 1  C  II  L  T  U  R  E  . 


1 

0 

3 
4 
5 

6 

7 
8 
:> 
10 
ii 
12 
13 
14 
IS 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
on 

23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
;  i 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
4!) 
50 
51 
52 
53 

:''( 
:,-,< 

56 
57 

58 
59 
CO 
61 
02 
63 
04 
65 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  mn- 
ehiuery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  i'urms. 

Unimproved.  in  farms. 

o 

S 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

d   " 

0 

a: 

192,  996 

63,  678 
124,  107 
128,  632 
88,  392 
194,  020 
85,  262 
51,  885 
223,  073 
49,  780 
176,  875 
112,506 
35,502 
63,  055 
89,609 
137,  700 
163,  028 
67,460 
72,  611 
206,  199 
C6,  934 
52,  852 
13,  505 
34,623 
141,081 
117,628 
30,  312 
139,  925 
8li,  227 
12  1,  256 
137,  087 
191,146 
124,  663 
65.  573 
92,  673 
57,  322 
41,673 
38,  515 
161,  4U7 
112,  809 
70,  838 
123,  843 
61,  933 
CO,  713 
28,  221 
18,  979 
29,  091 
41,250 
107,  421 
3,493 
93,  975 
84,  489 
117,811 
43,  443 
252,  408 
54,  422 
110,  328 
145,  678 
24,  775 
192,  241 
116,  396 
143,  487 
274,  129 
184,  036 
70,  121 
127,  848 

$9,339,119 
25,  394,  395 
C,  253,  459 
7,  858,  586 
6,  324,  700 
20,  510,  3!U 
4,  995,  315 
13,  459,  225 
28,  700,  280 
9,  004,  550 
2,  827,  438 
929,  170 
7,  073,  465 
37,  243,  640 
5,  205,  455 
3,  578,  785 
3,  343,  203 
5,  085,  413 
11,720,902 
15,  645,  317 
13,  000,  740 
14,  795,  210 
676,  750 
14,114,964 
9,794,617 
343,912 
10,  205,  894 
1,  725,  009 
7,  442,  026 
C,  570,  952 
6,  847,  900 
2,  994,  808 
3,  448,  455 
52,  599,  401 
0,  831,  599 
11,289,394 
15,518,918 
12,  497,  545 
7,  472,  791 
1,441,301 
9,  022,  237 
C,  777,  256 
2,801,7:10 
29,  504,  005 
2,  703,  853 
14,  259,  635 
8,  085,  626 
5,  494,  933 
20,  277,  400 
1,  039,  070 
1,  776,  291 
7,  024,  544 
3,  911,  110 
8,  764,  520 
851,  328 
6,  115,  268 
6,  246,  289 
4,  949,  388 
5,  375,  713 
3,  378,  135 
20,  937,  686 
6,410,780 
16,  030,  203 
3,  217,  140 
23,  495,  341 

$394,  523 
532,  809 
197,  720 
237,  603 
235,  977 
861,  354 
140,  522 
475,  834 
1,  383,  538 
333,  714 
126,  577 
54,  398 
214,  916 
1,133,424 
210,  693 
145,  953 
100,836 
309,  965 
493,  887 
470,  916 
4:19,  680 
390,  540 
37,030 
517,346 
255,  911 
6,290 
448,710 
68,  546 
194,  910 
215,349 
301,  184 
145,  423 
124,  676 
1,  590,  332 
174,490 
388,  926 
551,  153 
342,  186 
320,  851 
58,  096 
297,  402 
210,  437 
110,076 
1,111,922 
80,  847 
012,346 
265,  085 
254,  679 
375,  798 
67,  359 
79.  430 
250,  364 
112,793 
317,744 
35,  194 
320,  163 
248,  199 
158,  559 
184,  042 
142,  894 
574,  434 
414,266 
511,700 
123,  850 
947,  399 

7,  927 
12,  806 
9,  141 
0,  290 
7,285 
10,  196 
3,966 
9,  630 
14,  675 
10,  791 
3,  947 
797 
5,015 
13,  779 
5,002 
2,969 
2,115 
5,  180 
11,764 
9,987 
7,  587 
4,  191 
485 
9,  672 
9,031 
78 
11,  104 
2,588 
7,183 
6,355 
9,712 
4,  (157 
3,  193 
22,  983 
6,  190 
6,  593 
8,198 
7,001 
5,  597 
1,158 
10,  258 
4,  242 
2,  344 
13,  238 
1  ,  856 
7,  9  10 
5,  230 
5,  298 
4,  429 
940 
1,  403 
3,  893 
3,485 
9,731 
863 
4,  009 
4,848 
2,988 
5,  171 
2,477 
13,851 
3,  304 
15,  094 
2,  731 
14,  547 

153 
177 
226 
89 
10 
557 
22 
114 
614 
82 
25 
93 
16 
420 
302 
15 
o 

70 
30 
296 
153 
35 
10 
13 
47 
8 
55 
20 
21 
60 
80 
59 
70 
1,328 
37 
149 
146 
133 
35 
18 
71 
30 
78 
247 
20 
41 
71 
60 
55 
03 
17 
380 
9 
19 
5 
100 
51 

7 
9 
60 
30 
172 
20 
1,  323 

10,  502 
18,  692 
11,  398 
8,810 
7,  815 
27,  807 
4,379 
21,  148 
27,508 
17,  020 
6,  056 
1,246 
5,  790 
25,900 
9,  515 
4,861 
3,031 
5,685 
21,509 
11,743 
10,  473 
12,  997 
1,  267 
18,  422 
9,636 
138 
11,333 

O    CQO 

7,  700 
7,  254 
12,  627 
5,  306 
3,  508 
30,  936 
7.803 
8,  325 
11,939 
12,024 
6,811 
2,  345 
14,419 
4,581 
.     3,  575 
31,141 
2,  2G8 
10,721 
6,509 
6,041 
8,280 
1,  994 
3,  403 
6,487 
3,948 
18,916 
2,  139 
13,  909 
11,234 
3,  842 
8,738 
5,  209 
13,3(18 
10,  365 
19,  024 
5,  140 
21,  090 

7 
554 
536 
553 
184 
101 
56 
4,704 
242 
1,991 
443 
70 
8 
4,952 
1,732 
1,070 
209 
311 
4,111 
20 
10 
019 
586 
2,978 
693 
115 
o 

217 
1,753 
42 
941 
1,  342 

ioa 

1,  530 
603 
12 

7,433 
14,311 
10,710 
7,  758 
12,  152 
19,  287 
7,  338 
23,  767 
9,692 
21,  800 
7,719 
862 
11,286 
24,  902 
12,  230 
7,219 
4,022 
4,  656 
28,  511 
10,  208 
8,840 
4,  709 
1,  153 
18,414 
16,047 
162 
15,802 
3,  883 
12,269 
13,  534 
10,  601 
9,  9.13 
5,  9  17 
32,  935 
8,224 
10,522 
7,  140 
11,802 
8.  708 
2,718 
18,  434 
6,518 
3,313 
9,  292 
2,  100 
5,912 
4,  003 
8,  726 
1,  376 
1,830 
3,541 
4,827 
3,  058 
21,806 
2,710 
12,  971 
12,  760 
3,  130 
11,580 
6,  230 
16,558 
13,  (170 
25,  960 
4,  855 
17,  606 

5,965 
71,334 
40,812 
79,  7P9 
18,  268 
5,  740 
7,710 
43,  934 
11,097 
77,  155 
12,  413 
665 
14,  017 
11,060 
25,  702 
13,719 
4,  221 
8,  131 
72,  235 
7,587 
4,540 
2,500 
1,402 
54,  981 
39,  094 
517 
9,921 
4,460 
55,  121 
17,  80S 
39,  917 
17,  174 
6,961 
7,  087 
57,  610 
2,645 
4,  232 
18,  452 
12,  491 
6,  505 
75,  081 
8,049 
3,  783 
4,547 
3,  063 
7,  193 
0,169 
7,798 
482 
1,554 
11,  545 
4,039 
4,200 
38,  020 
5,689 
24,  817 
30,  428 
3,648 
44,  110 
10,984 
351,252 
19,  41)3 
45,  590 
6  997 
12,  592 

278.583 
189,  720 
159,  731 
177,917 
351,  672 
83,  379 
314,  620 
281,610 
250,  698 
73,311 
21,  653 
117,  334 
353,  434 
148,  051 
91,209 
53,363 
126,  350 
273,  731 
208,035 
170,  725 
93,  089 
15,  705 
252  830 

Bedford                      

Berks                  

Bradford 

Centre 

Chester 

CIcarfield 

Clinton 

Elk  

Erie 

196,  394 
2,926 
261  390 

Fulton  

73,  999 
201,413 
108,  662 
223,  544 
85,  747 
76,  067 
4-15,  838 
127,  136 
12fi,  869 
158,  940 
191,  754 
140,  088 
30,  332 
219,  811 
94,  881 
65,068 
255,  631 
47,919 
159,  129 
158,865 
128,  499 
5G,  937 
26,  488 
46,809 
114,  403 
83,  790 
302,  670 
27,128 
105,535 
158,913 
73,501 
145,  759 
67,584 
371,  829 
123  293 

2,211 
703 
1,021 
1,  554 
72 
365 
130 
25 
22 
22 
193 
24 
488 
1,  391 
94 
25 
1,  338 
852 
3,021 
2,706 
31 
2,585 
1,309 
807 
4,  079 
204 
1,  0(18 
430 

Mifflin 

Philadelphia  

Pike 

Potter 

Srhuylkill 

348,  457 
73,092 
349,  810 

York 

10,  463,  296 

6,  548,  844 

602,  050,  707 

22,  442,  842 

437,  054 

8,832 

673,  517 

00,371 

685,  575 

1,631,510 

STATE    OF    PENNSYLVANIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVI: 

STOCK. 

'UODUCEL 

. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

\Vliect,  bnshels  of. 

'o 

ea 

1 

3 
JS 

S»i 

M 

ja 

3 

£3 

P 

a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  ponndri  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  l>ennn,  bush 
els  of. 

3 
^ 

£  *S 
-2  — 
T  ™ 

« 

•n 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush- 
eU  of. 

[••  -Til 

'•}(}  i  l"'i 

401  885 

53  408 

551  110 

461  P50 

300 

20  008 

1  258 

58  401 

7  544 

I 

i>8  g3i 

1  7'I2  173 

141  430 

35  540 

487  580 

869  237 

325 

206  558 

4  715 

685  4")4 

5  654 

o 

1  08°  159 

51  974 

57  270 

°(iO  294 

5:J3  702 

07  646 

J  O'Jg 

15  774 

1  0°4  974 

49  486 

18  786 

223  151 

3'>6  936 

250 

°47  568 

OQO  H8'I 

505 

18  539 

804  722 

159  837 

1(17  '117 

328  37G 

201  225 

48  544 

253 

141  788 

207 

38,  410 
9  059 

2,  4fil,  025 
551  118 

623,  330 

189  072 

512,  484 
77  526 

1,190,9*7 
399  510 

1,  188,  024 
130,  216 

32,  435 



14,  924 

21  8")0 

926 

77 

410,  540 
95  575 

v  1,  402 

118 

C 

7 

18  205 

2  175  457 

243  238 

134,  766 

513,  789 

982  698 

125  970 

4  478 

403  867 

21  74:2 

•„'  ;,->3  <».|.| 

547  M88 

206  217 

1  308  381 

1  108  027 

15  °88 

°7  7")0 

314 

24  (J87 

1  581  738 

10  931 

31  829 

327  231 

726  -115 

1°-1 

207  719 

344  040 

I 

7  642 

537  268 

23  289 

2!)  091 

81  244 

216,  172 

30 

3°  184 

1  lt'JO 

I'M  "ii'i 

2  4'*'J 

1°4  888 

"5  547 

43  076 

45  G16 

45  362 

300 

1  743 

67 

17  (39 

774,  845 

268  578 

140,  31  § 

451,360 

208,773 

35  978 

70  351 

31  ;')],"> 

3  534  0«3 

800  663 

32  084 

1  589  844 

1  226  658 

1  217 

33  574 

1  30° 

271  3'*8 

13  453 

11  794 

864  576 

26  922 

45  891 

105  053 

304  763 

71  546 

285 

37 

!>  639 

544  157 

24  257 

42  476 

90  314 

173,  608 

34  101 

727 

97  190 

33°  571 

118  408 

61  378 

""ill  P88 

142  812 

1° 

717  774 

131  391 

87  164 

4  37  035 

3G8  461 

°6  5°1 

533 

31 

16  331 

2  1  19  380 

26  899 

16  479 

460  022 

447  102 

°15 

184  035 

2  36° 

40°  7-Ql 

1 

29  924 

1  353  183 

683  152 

65  994 

851  757 

670  750 

12  005 

354 

95  961 

1  623 

22  892 

1  039  396 

36'J  791 

116  220 

715  816 

544  476 

1°  815 

5  775 

9  039 

1  090  008 

169  273 

5  573 

381  2% 

192  3°0 

• 

o  760 

1  4°7 

53° 

1  n.  u; 

108  617 

1  147 

7  892 

15  131 

32  080 

3  116 

65 

4°  074 

15  477 

1  806  459 

207  749 

12  704 

53°  110 

4^1  005 

10  300 

167  084 

3  °47 

438  °55 

217 

19,  692 

1,  2J5,  169 

81  562 

27  819 

5°3  764 

302  174 

645 

118  352 

109  801 

1  6°6 

106 

19,  789 

171 

769 

1  004 

2,573 

1  525 

64 

8  130 

33  281 

1  410  197 

714  857 

113  840 

6-15  580 

437  80S 

40  O'U 

1  479 

101  148 

1  4G4 

6,026 

253,003 

59,309 

59  459 

88,660 

47,  486 

2  300 

10  367 

46 

37  425 

122 

IS  920 

1  071,778 

88  416 

28  954 

328  370 

9  580 

152  450 

o  059 

1  034 

20  010 

8'U  683 

267  663 

1°°  260 

486  41° 

o-jo  4<x> 

580 

51  In7 

159 

21,070 

1,  234,  306 

50  867 

64  970 

241  039 

653,  109 

100  569 

4  717 

175  069 

10 

10  083 

565  187 

11  602 

21  432 

66  385 

200  53  L 

42  355 

858 

106  7°5 

9,  013 

456  721 

164  OC3" 

28  730 

°I3  016 

173  243 

16  704 

300 

51  047 

815 

54,  820 

3,  744,  621 

2  125  722 

97  001 

2  648  308 

1  922  922 

2  001  547 

22  040 

1  048 

325  G47 

30  080 

11,808 

880,  144 

16,  812 

7  800 

247  704 

330  905 

164  116 

724 

152  747 

269 

14,012 

873,  151 

402  237 

81  813 

•j.jfj  143 

533  878 

1  804 

7  5°6 

8"> 

03  394 

1  494 

21,  498 

1,221,730 

252,  065 

353,  697 

608,  280 

449,074 

12  429 

18,  144 

524 

308,190 

1,151 

?7 

19,346 

1,  267,  040 

61,  764 

253  055 

478  605 

477  000 

550 

46  802 

2  317 

368  075 

10 

19,  7!I3 
1,471 

846,  572 
253,  936 

206,  443 
9  393 

100,444 
1  415 

589,  304 
32  360 

386,  801 
65  064 

35,  908 

:;:!,  1157 

15  GOT 

238 
o  jp5 

138,  851 

90  0';° 

166 

39 

18,237 

1,505,280 

11,895 

10,351 

357,  794 

530,  357 

236  173 

786 

254  067 

474 

11,  470 

51)9,  6(11 

263  623 

51  913 

3G5  305 

254  801 

700 

24  844 

267 

63  635 

112 

6,528 

379,  138 

10  792 

134  447 

162  780 

99  619 

400 

12  700 

454 

88  279 

48 

21,  337 

2,  $74,  615 

338  933 

289  820 

1  076  546 

815  069 

4  8°7 

2  083 

324  069 

584 

6,077 

246,  390 

74  125 

16  182 

18!)  219 

137  828 

8  i:t<i 

50 

46  566 

22,  288 

1,  168,  962 

236,  630 

392,  245 

764,  173 

431,550 

9  037 

20,  866 

!   •  • 

241,759 

46 

16,  961 
15,  926 
6,  894 

708,  109 
691,  066 
794,  388 

242,  231 
205,  419 
96,  551 

90,674 
86,  378 
38,690 

508,  308 
326,  979 
289,  583 

349,389 
244,  261 
1  15,  774 

5v>,  959 
4,250 
26  030 

18,  435 
23,708 
g22 

116 
165 

18  270 

211,884 
105,  227 
344,160 

259 
982 

50 

48 
40 

3,  095 

233,338 

1,253 

53,089 

53,077 

28,  052 

3,078 

166 

57.  368 

-  ( 

1,  797 

358,  236 

29,  402 

5  823 

20  892 

145  080 

1  5°7 

3(i  670 

6  290 

142  642 

15,  644 

619,  508 

38,  4«0 

163,  634 

282  612 

216  057 

170 

10  G-13 

1  G51 

304  G29 

1G3 

10,354 

386,  764 

109,016 

70,418 

223  816 

174  962 

3  837 

12  518 

100,  052 

382 

57 

17,300 

1,  400,  709 

52,998 

131,  103 

155,651 

."55  030 

1(18  71'  I 

1  087 

236,  387 

1,162 

54 

3,118 

193,417 

10,  599 

19,611 

25  450 

54  332 

1*  •>'.:{ 

434 

45  735 

5,960 

1,  151,  591 

38,  197 

48,535 

140  674 

360  630 

1  600 

72  5tiH 

1  716 

176  879 

10 

56 

7,  u;i 

1,  070,  137 

135,  178 

18,667 

l(i.~>,511 

484,  111 

"  3'H) 

08  030 

19  0-1° 

253  1.-5 

8,021 

405,  275 

181,921 

29,  105 

244,  201 

199,060 

10  700 

11  051 

103 

60  01)8 

300 

58 

11,561 

824,  669 

41,829 

4  1.  056 

173  471 

317  832 

B75 

11°  506 

648 

150  516 

2,  748 

509,084 

30  240 

8,643 

71,644 

93  605 

386 

U'1  ''.I! 

1  g46 

142  252 

60 

3(1,  493 

2,  731,  865 

138,  993 

17,635 

628,113 

761,  127 

1,607 

l,115,8iiH 

2,  2(1  1 

117,  153 

9-15 

61 

8,  ICO 

1,111,956 

6,410 

77.  849 

123  003 

218  0-14 

510 

2i6  10° 

112 

63 

31,893 

2,  106,  662 

133,  104 

65,  696 

7:i7  705 

1  198  323 

300 

1°7  34  "> 

'}  'i°0 

244  7(>-) 

745 

.  • 

7,  241 

529,  310 

38,  452 

97  461 

186  250 

°10  °00 

138  810 

,   ! 

41,  182 

2,  231,  055 

-  771,  088 

216,  782 

1,255,8  •'..! 

1,  128,  683 

1195,  405 

37,  693 

]  iino 

167,  542 

20,460 

65 

1,  031,  866 

69,  i"-,>,  7-.'<; 

13,  042,  165 

5,  474,  788 

28,  10(1,821 

27,  387,  147 

3,181,586 



4,  752,  522 

]23,0'.K> 

11,687,467 

103,  It7 

124 


STATE   OF    PENNSYLVANIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


I 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 

9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
8') 
-J! 
22 

24 
35 

26 

y, 
_- 
2:1 

30 

31 

:  •-.' 
:.; 
31 
35 
36 
37 
:: 
39 

! 

41 
42 
43 
44 

45 
46 
47 

48 
49 
50 

51 
52 
53 
54 

:,.,• 
56 
57 
58 
59 

60 

01 
62 
fi'J 
01 
05 

COL'NTIHS. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 

of. 

£ 
u 
a 
rr 

£•3 

1—1  o 

s 

~i1 

a 

A 

"Wine,  gallons  of. 

o 
ft 

~o 

ti  > 

-±    ^j 
b   3 
^, 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

n 
^ 

rt 

.a 
1  "3 

b 

u 
> 
-? 

5 

3 
£ 

r~  (• 

1j     o 

5 

Hops,  pounda  of. 

1,006 

48,  613 
3,  003 
15,  290 
6,330 
430 
21,013 
31,588 
1,743 
4,408 
3,362 
594 
18,  728 
4,  971 
1,  785 
903 
2,  575 
492 
3,  0«9 
15,  862 
1,052 
1,656 
526 
65,  306 
8,  13-2 

4,  500 
134,291 

209,  272 
139,  254 
56,  837 
35,  165 
18,710 
299,  419 
41,910 
422,  379 
84,  794 
14,685 
11,191 
17,  405 
128,  600 
126,  189 
26,  974 
105,  074 
246,  806 

5     5  "'*''} 

16,017 

923 
13,  070 
70,  784 
82,  832 

$18,031 
70,  270 
4,535 
17,  374 
23,  678 
71,145 
10,  962 
57,  239 
119,  627 
3.  1  !8 
1,387 
1,027 
18,  208 
59,  055 
1,505 
646 
8,487 
10,635 
3,  600 
29,  012 
43,  546 
27,281 

99 
3,148 

$10,  162 
232,311 
1,  259 
8,105 
3,344 
25,  439- 
737 
2,  935 
33,  268 
2,518 
002 
850 
180 
12,  229 
5 
100 
332 
0,041 
10,256 
9,  077 
62,  103 
31,045 

863,  572 
1,  388,  326 
628,  143 
1,  123,  496 
402,  943 
2,  239.  083 
323,  238 
2,  472,  433 
2,  753,  023 
1,542,292 
433,  375 
09,  635 
331,479 
2,  730,  391 
428,  480 
262,  627 
141,  539 
533,  093 
1,813,140 
874,  866 
791,  885 
1,048,710 
101,400 
1,  935,  108 
740,421 
14,  339 
784,  639 
101,  972 
704,  887 
476,415 
1,011,878 
393,  531 
3!i;,  175 
2.  550,  887 
702,  374 
Oil),  108 
1,001,923 
1,  033,  669 
600,  505 
205,  039 
1,  250,  586 
458,  70S 
234,  676 
3,  346,  870 
148,  096 
990,  176 
518,779 
405,  666 
337,  852 
209,  815 
333,  480 
501,  605 
322,  829 

10,  863 
35,  854 
4,  186 
5,  690 
4,238 
4,001 
2,083 
88,  088 
8,716 
18.  480 
10,710 

263 

3D,  527 
3,  350 
1,330 

49,  621 
41,739 
22,  206 
18,  156 
21,  703 
100,  317 
15,  778 
92,  049 
101,783 
33,  737 
12,319 
4,  Clie 
20,  42-1 
94,  103 
17,  948 
12,  310 
9,  822 
23,  24G 
75,  940 
43,200 
39,  205 
28,  401 
3,487 
75,  185 
20,  273 
414 
45,  77G 
6,287 
17,  497 
24,  349 
24,  654 
11,  986 
17,  128 
116,  089 
22,  042 
30,  350 
37,  017 
46,  761 
20,110 
8,  910 
53,  294 
18,  522 
13,  889 
99,  887 
8,975 
35,  444 
23,390 
24,  028 
27,  218 
7,508 
12,353 
20,  596 
15,  100 
44,  226 
10,  202 
53,734 
48,  459 
17,  147 
25,  G85 
13,  409 
45,  366 
02,  722 
47,635 
14,094 
76,806 

11,078 
1,000 
4,496 
1,  472 
7,  083 
9,178 
7,813 
839 
7,228 
2,289 
510 
1,232 
12,  102 
8,770 
4,  108 
559 
4,  655 
5,673 
689 
9,065 
7,  887 
553 

1,808 
513 

198 
433 
502 
2,476 

85 
1,573 
3,  139 
386 
4G 
70 
0 
0,  867 
128 
14 
90 
397 
427 
1,183 
1,955 
859 
2 

923 
1,783 

193 
1,  565 
230 
931 
380 
201 
299 
965 
951 
665 
790 

3,298 
148 

2,488 

Bedford  

Berks 

Blair 

1,290 
1,040 

liurks  

Butler 

493 

65 
1,  037 
2G7 
4 
51 
534 
262 
1,  069 
448 
971 

1,  744 

Cleariield  . 

13 
337 

325 
322 
441 
1,301 

83 
328,  458 
5,658 
2,333 
850,  270 
1,  250 
213,880 
37,  721 
750 
3,205 
931 
34,  784 
645 
55,181 
6,716 
070 
49,355 
11,  217 
810 
GOO 
50,  193 

Elk 

Erie     . 

88,  468 
33,  432 

1,  072 
CO 

o  707 
5,  278 

1,007 
1,139 

35 
1,  004 

Fayette  

19,  440 
5S9 
4,  853 
13,  753 
94 
706 
1,  604 
32,  932 
8,620 
425 
2,  284 
619 
5,  817 
322 
721 
9,  1C8 
250 
3,314 
203 
7,310 
270 
1,298 
514 
10 
990 
1,640 
135 
3,017 
181 
1,309 
22,  451 
528 
1,  242 
529 
99  863 

6,979 
15,  009 
78,  289 
30,  575 
276,  695 
123,  092 
16,  C99 
13,  835 
151,176 
1,086 
35,  388 
344,264 
114,  222 
13,557 
272,  046 
10,414 
79,  330 
17,  041 
19,  684 
40,  4  12 
60,  240 
35,  373 
4,  11)5 
32,  061 
46,  921 
55,  3'i3 
23,  819 
224,  633 
37,  518 
80,  178 
150,  124 
8,490 
218,859 
47,  841 
88,  642 
90,881 
320,764 
122,  647 
103,858 

32,819 
4,415 
23,  896 
17,  703 
4,810 
25 
12,  074 
69,  705 
4,  695 
24,965 
46,  514 
31,  508 
17,  478 

1,117 
6 
54 
450 
25 

1,613 

375 
13 

98 
203 
149 
4,005 
85,  009 
3,  537 
(18 
3,838 
80,  112 
2,903 

13,  338 
1,507 
55 
10,  320 
4,  549 
1,138 
5,  492 
12,  876 
2,900 
5,  902 
5,  023 
1,  090 
9,691 
14 
3,  924 
9,414 
3,026 
2,  124 
2,692 
5,  597 
6,  793 
5,261 
101 
36 
8 
4,  919 
7,251 
954 
257 
CO 
349 
7,025 
1,  192 
7 
674 
5 
9,462 
504 
15,714 

1,222 
557 
1,780 
307 

39 
097 
3,  807 
128 
1,  851 
917 
609 
100 
70 
313 
377 
137 
3,970 
146 
327 
322 
530 
180 
208 
208 
485 
221 
611 
200 
757 
1,189 
318 
131 
9 
3,  155 
::•• 
1,710 
276 
2,302 

1,078 
148 
419 
330 
4,918 
278 
324 
1,080 
575 
GO 
002 
399 
10 

6,843 
55 

771 
2,  506 
600 
510 

1C,  813 
185,120 
2,  853 
60 
52,  886 

3,326 
22,224 
0,  303 
45,  4.20 
2,742 
16,363 
13,  490 
21,806 
17,624 
1,305 
30 
20,  968 
15,  778 
7,770 
2,637 
3ii,  120 
11,004 
11,941 
6,941 
013 
53,387 
44,  001 
41,022 
10,969 
45,  942 

12,  419 
2,204 
70 
44,  862 
031 
4,862 
7,656 
6,086 
715,  836 
110 
40 
22,  05-J 

1,375 
597 
324 
1,  729 
107 
88 
133 
427 
2 

30 
83 
247 
549 
131 
32 
278 
5,350 

Miffliu 

69 
49 
2,452 
462 
313 
696 
43 
1,480 
43 

247 
375 
145 
825 
915 
21,423 
13,816 

Perry  . 

Philadelphia  

Pike  

Schuylkill 

404 
25 
17 

0 

592 
80 
14 

156 
7 
325 
285 
772 
373 
10 
5,465 
5,  300 
18,  496 
10 
13,  105 

1,  876,  896 
162,  533 
1,  425,  708 
1,  113,  930 
335,  98G 
739,  739 
'     549,512 
1,  200,  010 
1,001,805 
1,857,681 
428,  200 
1,  535,  178 

16,  477 
1,  357 
74,310 
93,  349 
25 
15,  528 
35,  010 
28,098 
19,  980 
22,  770 
0,  925 
10,  094 

Sullivan 

29 
110 
2,982 
4 

3,  403 
62 
1,810 

80 
55 
10 

1,030 

1,933 

8,023 
2,689 
8,  6G1 

York  

Total  - 

530,  714 

5,572,024        1,479,937 

38,  621 

1,  384,  908 

58,653,511 

2,  508,  556 

2,  245,  413 

217,  351 

57,  193 

43,  191 

STATE    OF    PENNSYLVANIA. 


125 


AGRICULTURE. 


PnODUCliD. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  < 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

3 

g 
g. 

1  ° 
• 

jj 
a, 

X 

Cane  supar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufacture?,  home 
made,  valHe  of. 

1 

•d 

<v 

1  ° 

1 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

1-ri 

fe    ° 

11 

P.  - 

A 

t   5 

A     o 

5" 

4,933 
370 
6,  340 
690 
4,409 
5,  4(i3 
709 
18  407 

671 
10 
1,  4-,'3 
08 
501 
701! 
57 
758 
3,021 
093 
358 
54 

1 
33 

85 
1,587 

397 
1,125 
2,877 

250 
600 
316 
409 
494 
998 
125 
4,  550 
7V 

9.680 
36,  4-13 
25,  979 
41,341 

14,  821 
8,140 
4,  070 
92,  D81 
5  954 

$3,  178 

4,  307 

7,  379 
5,  893 
12,  193 
5,  377 
802 
17.271 
3,436 
10,072 
6,884 
475 

(i:« 

3,706 
1,846 
2,149 

$199,  649  • 
254,  714  | 
136,684  ' 
143,  3<:8 
147,  626 
664,800 
111,867 
292,  070 
588,  15-1 
204,  146 
67,908 
29,75-' 
110,946  ' 
783,811 
95,  997 
118,775 
79,  587 
170,  709 
240,  801 
271,  102 
280,  223 
376,  383 
17,100 
279,718 
205,  793 
3,787 
208,  402 
53,  192 
127,  896 
Ml,  SI71 
185,  431 
99,080 
104,  57!) 
935,  479 
108,  927 
321,610 
S77,  901 
261,410 
199,  138 
58,963 
178,  948 
114,380 
91,560 
724,  563 
45,822 
260,  651 
171,297 
140,  909 
79,  525 
45,853 
55,688 
238,  883 
90,  414 
1!)8,  052 
30,  100 
150,  283 
100,  193 
84.  038 
125,  06: 
81,744 
279,  895 
176,1)72 
302,  764 
81,797 
. 

3,823 

834 
2  070 

35 

849 

2 

7 

37,302 

! 

H 

1 

1 

6 
3 
24 

1,704 
174,515 
103 
5,551 
48  3°0 

229 
1,986 

53,  347 
9,313 

1,179 
544 

25 
231 
23,637 
692 

1,051 
9,018 
3,951 
183 
1,  087 
100 

111 

0 

953 
7,  328 

1,552 
502 
397 

09,  IX 
8,907 
3,631 
2,  501 
1(5,296 
13,  653 
14,804 
1(1,  -117 
27,416 
47,  !130 
6,  022 
3.  Ml 
3,  933 
2  360 

11 
517 
43 
56 
620 
58 
13 
136 
3 

12,  837 

820 
082 
215 
422 
1,570 
1,  520 
315 
405 
40 

1 

1,894 
3,155 
10 
15,  812 
°30  5°9 

411 
557 
113 

271) 
5,474 

4 

7 

5,  45.') 
31,092 
8,  597 
54,  234 
92 
10 
7,807 
10,028 
190 
18,222 
2,410 
15,286 
673 
2--',  .115 
8,  363 
3,163 
6.413 
1,  150 
3,217 
7,311 
11,411 
1,653 
3,879 
13,297 

164 

298 

3  4K1    

533 
3  010 

1,516 
5,499 
20 
1,  325 
1,308 
6  577 

235 
237 
3 
45 
215 
597 
57 
1,382 
254 

00,3  053    

775 
574 

S!,  364 
32,049 
645 
6,711 
3,  961 
29,893 
12,  248 
36,717 
15,  934 
5,412 
15,540 
47,132 
2,685 
10,  323 
61,415 
18,918 
6,  588 
71.923 
10,  784 
17,  098 
3,833 
3,  093 
5,  777 
10,  16(5 
9,  034 
1,080 
12,399 
19,515 
12,  550 
5,  995 
34,  080 
12,414 
36,  935 
85,  887 
270 
36,581 
11,844 
61.043 
16,690 
55,  603 
33,594 
17,274 

6 

2 

91,633 
1,712 
020 
34  S 
51,  997 
4.030 

11,  922 
658 
38 
191) 
7,  425 
381 
3  °31 

15 

584 
234 
679 
232 
1,865 
517 
596 
522 
245 
281 
878 
2,448 
962 
235 
1,231 
1,0:13 
1,  450 
288 
102 

i 

1 

51 
3,  920 
5 

2 

404 
15,117 
3  559 

18,404 
206 

2,  858 
125 
1,565 
2,  371 

449 
1,  8-17 
980 
1,253 
15,  135 
2,057 
1,481 
386 
29,486 

97 
100 
202 
72 
1,038 
148 
60 
16 
2,490 

132 

1,  899 
707 

, 

10,450 

1 

1   

30 
1,099 
473 
2,356 
7,  193 
27 
32 

3 

35,339 
9,680 
100,810 
53,422 
80 
1,239 

2(12 
70 

1,951 
12,  706 
1,054 
1,795 
1,712 
2,115 

185 
1,391 

72 
200 
173 
119 

3.C88 
6,662 
7D4 
1,810 
1,  112 
7.  333 
704 
30 
10,811 
8,486 
2,418 
37,  927 
4,635 
17,  378 
8,146 
237 
12,  740 
3,297 
30,711 
2,910 
30,000 
7,  140 
12,  819 

29 

1 

5 

21 
5 

.    .       \'-~-~- 

11 
932 

10 
295 

440 
651 
35 
651 
1,035 
1,  186 
408 
1,412 
498 
1,  C55 
3,553 
85 
745 
382 
1,166 
1,762 
1,411 
1,  ."••".'•'. 
079 

30 

80 
5,590 
1,  035 
2,719 
11,271 
910 
987 
5,  742 
324 
3,842 
380 
1,040 

0 

103 
157 
302 
1,  408 
01 
100 
257 
45 
124 
1 
88 

30 
188,  542 

4,  025 

8 

808 
541,716 
62,  845 
107,558 
297,  128 
479 
7,848 
65,653 
°4  955 

111 
53 

423 

10,  937 
2,  971 

6,323 
31 
398 

886 
8,238 
896 
6,481 

6 

;> 

o 

8 

5 

\ 

3 



573 

i 

140  784            ----- 

2 

| 

8,354 
1,812 
12,934 

1,010 
73 
1,073 



33,  636 

10,  737 

™ 

t 

17 

283 

696 

22 

31  i                3           312,368 

24,  1(18 

163 

2,  767,  335 

22,  749 

114,310         52.509        1,  4i>2,  128               544,728 

13,39 

12G 


STATE    OF    RHODE    ISLAND 


AGRICULTURE. 


ACRES  OF  LAND. 

g 

LIVE   STOCK. 

-: 

§  ^ 

to 

*    s 

a 

z 

0    "3 

COUNTIES. 

(5 

d 

a 

S   ,.- 

J 

. 

a 

tf 

o 

O> 

&  !? 
.5   a 

3 

d 

o 
M 

o 

_o 

.3 

tc  3 

S 

tD 

^ 

o 
P. 

s 

OH 

"3 

.a 

| 

0 

^o 

i 

I 

O 

u 

.2 

1 

11  r>10 

1  614 

$1  °10  830 

$6°  603 

423 

803 

308 

496 

956 

Kent 

51  805 

38  073 

2,  1G3,  828 

C4,  493 

876 

2,510 

1  041 

2,424 

54,  076 

10,  175 

4,  793,  065 

110,  221 

1,  357 

2 

3,782 

2,  1  15 

2,350 

14,650 

109  G34 

80  315 

7,  912,  955 

224,  416 

2,  995 

8  033 

1  956 

3  374 

2  354 

108,  073 

55,  919 

3,  469,  875 

119,  058 

1,470 

8 

4,  572 

2,437 

3,703 

12,  240 

Total  

335,  128 

186,  096 

19,  550,  553 

586,  791 

7,121 

10 

19,700 

7,  857 

11,  518 

32,  624 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

ja 

1 

1  __. 

o 

A 

| 

COUNTIES. 

™ 

1 

^    0 

o 

S   2 

T3 

^! 

3 

ja 

3 

0 

= 

=    a' 

2. 

E  ~? 

g 

3 

a 

0 

*?  ^ 

•°  *s 

a 

ii  •* 

o 

X 

_* 

n 

S  "S 

a 

i* 

H 

uT 

"s 

u 

.2 

a 

•£ 

2 

m 

o 

S 

c 

e 

H 

O 

^ 

S 

H 

O 

HH 

0 

o 

— 

1   612 

53 

$2  13° 

S19  036 

38  965 

1,850 

3,784 

291 

o 

Knit                    

3  835 

532 

12,  COS 

152 

13,003 

112,  5J5 

34,  508 

10,864 

1,170 

283 

](i 

18  1°9 

130 

7  4°0 

6 

28  131 

241  629 

30  795 

16,  349 

2,  571 

4 

4 

13  941 

2  3G9 

54  699 

284 

74,  G07 

362,  53G 

58,  Gil 

33,  159 

1 

1G5 

3  476 

489 

6  832 

65 

G,  514 

2GG,  092 

55,  7J7 

.      18,  5GG 

44 

937 

23 

Total 

40,  993 

3,573 

83,  691 

507 

140,  291 

1,021,767 

181,  511 

82,  722 

1,221 

4.  237 

50 

STATE    OF    RHODE    ISLAND. 


127 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

3 
1 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

1 

S 

A 

i* 

i 

a 

1 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of4001bs.  eaeh. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  Ix-nnx,  bush 
els  of. 

3 

I   » 

0    "° 

p, 

ja 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 

0 

3 
4 
5 

886 
2,497 
4,337 
6,  171) 
3,  585 

$91,  471 
255,  162 
480,  087 
718,856 
496,  468 

61 
5 
135 
781 
146 

2,  c'llll 
4,681 
2,421 
11,  3116 
6,  901 

23,  704 
53,947 
131,  947 
132,388 
119,511 

13,  388 

1,729 
4,  374 
4.1,  959 

(1,  in:, 
32,  232 

619 
703 

2,  265 
3,399 
712 

27,  107 
77,  323 
70,279 
270,804 
97,  39(5 

9,  344 

122 
824 

117,203 
18,  554 
P5,  964 

50 
655 

17,  478 

2,  042,  044 

1,131 

28,259 

461,  497 

244,  453 

705 

90,  099 

7,698 

542,  909 

946 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

o 

p 

=5 

HEMP. 

o 

•? 

€ 

•     "o 

t 

ct" 

i 

"rf 

1 

a 
o 

b 

o 

M 

o 

Bi 

1 

•s  «• 

l-s 

V. 

5 

c 

E   o 
*~1  2 

3 

f 

-o 

V 

o  *3 

a. 
£    a 
—•  3 

1 

s 

3 

•C~ 

8  ° 

p 

II 

J3     ° 

S   5 

6  1 

s. 

s 
c 

E  "3 

S      i* 

5 

2 

h 

A 

I 

O 

i) 

£  3 

"" 

-   Si 

0 

>. 

c:  ^3 

"a 

V 

3 

a 

X 

s 

Jd 

09 

1  " 

& 

s 

o 

3 

c    2 

•3 

P 

* 

O 

E 

fc 

cc 

s 

a 

* 

B 

•" 

'"• 

<1 

32 

680 

*-.:,       i 

- 

1°3 

1  001 

75  131 

15 

120 

*•>  To", 

158  174 

185 

1  930 

4  470 

324  503 

15 

185 

1  5°2 

503 

12P  021 

20 

510 

«,2C1 

7,  824 

711,723 

128 


STATE    OF    SOUTH    CAROLINA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


! 

g 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
: 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 

24 
25 
26 
27 

29 
30 

DISTRICTS. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Ca*h  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  iu  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

o 

Asses  and  mulos. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

PI 

A' 
& 

we,  039 

133,  249 
288  Oil 

352,  205 
295,414 
732,  350 
617,  213 
584,  739 
17(i,  598 
289,  338 
207,  376 
754,  577 
300,  281 
672,  137 
284,  364 
309,  683 
385,  365 
386,  599 
43  1,  058 
192,  C03 
14C,  323 
478,  003 
536,  592 
201,033 
220,  642 
643,  457 
449,  073 
191,  957 
456,015 
328,  074 
259,  741 
442,  158 
232,  6-19 

$5,  938,  301 
3,  445,  350 
9,  020,  023 
9,  9CO,  652 
5,  202,  502 
4,  235,  265 
1,577,209 
2,  281,  227 
8,818,772 
4,  730,  392 
8,634,177 
6,  314,  029 
5,  818,  690 
3,  693,  522 
803,  735 
2,  GBfl,  232 
2,  222,  478 
5,810,433 
3,  210,  141 
5,351,580 
4,  063,  7G6 
5,  423,  796 
5,  331,  097 
3,391.505 
2,  099,  715 
4,  388,  642 
3,  893,  683 
4,  717,  203 
2,  404,  983 
4,  087,  393 

$200,  078 
158,  400 
243,  151 
559,  934 
332,  808 
133,  063 
57,  805 
89,  497 
430,  057 
136,110 
334,  868 
218,807 
616,  774 
180,  8C1 
44,217 
141,140 
107,  034 
268,  959 
129,  389 
141,070 
102,  030 
215,  476 
200,  733 
102,  365 
111,658 
156,  009 
212,  3C8 
133,  751 
87,  316 
185,  908 

4,004 
3,435 
4,5W 
3,109 
2,747 
2,427 
1,  399 
1,318 
4,698 
2,042 
5,  487 
1,878 
841 
3,219 
801 
1,320 
1,090 
3,  505 
2,873 
2,970 
1,555 
2,  (525 
3,388 
3,311 

4,699 
2,  39'J 
2,  520 
1,664 
3,265 

3,612 
1,  382 
2,955 
2,  403 
1,613 
2,099 
5C8 
1,177 
1,541 
1,705 
4,734 
3,297 
661 
1,386 
256 
1,  227 
1,  202 
2,855 
1,455 
1,  2G5 
1,284 
2,753 
2,205 
891 
1,407 
2,053 
2,240 
2,398 
873 
2  357 

7,330 
5,  6(50 
8,510 
12,317 
9,803 
4,  307 
2,824 
2,218 
13,853 
3,  530 
10,010 
4,  389 
2,  370 
4,903 
3,062 
2,  906 
3,143 

a,  xs 

4.  658 
5,  875 
2,  534 
4,  %7 
6,743 
4,623 
2,080 
0,400 
4,027 
4,074 
5,  044 
5,370 

1,32-1 
1,  042 
390 
2,  33!) 
CG7 
131 
815 
37 
1,5% 
740 
1,  503 
274 
1,  452 
1,182 
1,013 
302 
347 
339 
433 
1,109 
324 
185 
309 
1,659 
98 
1,  151 
192 
497 
560 
164 

12,  002 
10,  690 
20,  228 
19,  496 
17,  990 
5,099 
6,060 
5,138 
28,  151 
8,407 
18,  3C-1 
7,  193 
•          6,  641 
6,619 
6,111 
7,077 
4,621 
11,920 
8,338 
13,529 
5,  214 
9,412 
16,  247 
8,849 
0,435 
11,125 
10,  105 
8,  022 
10,890 
10,130 

14,558 
11,951 
8,  30S 
14,  139 
10,  849 
4,769 
4,  048 
1,  095 
19,  063 
3,368 
12,  217 
6,  051 
4,  060 
7,  830 
5,  11)4 
4,361 
3,  100 
9,011 
5,  594 
5,649 
3,  487 
5,  945 
8,  9-10 
12,  061 
2,  613 
15,  788 
5,  C85 
5,  3CH 
4,  93  1 
11,098 

274,  015 
127,  194 
183,  IOC 
05,  138 
98,  002 
157,  270 
158,  844 
310,708 
233,  295 
59,  858 
99,  589 
33,  (151 
101,241 
83,  527 
2S9,  862 
95,  380 
148,  355 
101,  423 
145,  085 
225,  492 
112,  736 
77,  118 
150,  534 
170  903 

Chester.                 .    .  . 

Chesterfield 

Cnlleton  . 

Edgefield 

Fail-field 

Richland  

123,  966 
87,060 
183,  704 

York  

Total 

4,  572,  060 

11,  623,  859       139,  652,  508 

6,  151,  657 

81,  125 

56,  456 

163,  938 

22,  029 

320,  209 

233,  509 

STATE    OF    SOUTH    CAROLINA 


129 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

o 

a 

A 

•J 

o 

1 

. 
ft 

3 

| 

•9 

3 

*o 

0 

£1 

_s 

2 

•j 

3 
A 

o 

o 

•o 

3 

-  a 

o 

T£ 

* 

jf 

M 
5 

£ 

1 
a 

& 

(n 

3 

1 

P 
fi 

OB 

a 
1 

1 

o" 

£ 
"o  ;2 

•3 

3 
3 
O 

O     O 

r 

-  -5 

~  "i 

!* 

.9 

a 

§ 
X 

1 

cfl 

•5 
3 

if 

1 

1 

I 

5 

1 

i 

I 

a 

37,  541 

$1,  242,  705 

107,  300 

2,  535 

665,698 

96,507 

200 

2,412 

21,977 

27,622 

70,  423 

16,423 

88,553 

1 

20,058 

739,  575 

93,  065 

2,512 

579,  682 

28,761 

4,560 

5,865 

5,010 

16,  571 

30,  796 

10,100 

106,  920 

3 

67,  399 

1,  450,  479 

20,  573 

9,  842 

1,  022,  475 

12,  866 

235,  255 

23.  490 

11,813 

171,  605 

3,820 

185,  890 

:i 

25,  369 

1,254,608 

1,730 

1,917 

618,  959 

10,  499 

18,  790,  918 

500 

19,  121 

33,377 

104,  176 

2,502 

530,150 

4 

39,  741 

912,  399 

40 

461 

383,  316 

13,  757 

18,  899,  512 

6,381 

19,381 

52,450 

28,  144 

323,  042 

r 

22,  489 

794,  190 

51,  895 

3,642 

424,  815 

35,963 

53 

16,  486 

11,  103 

CO,  812 

7,909 

29,584 

6 

17,011 

301,  639 

23,423 

1,245 

235,481 

25,631 

3« 

315 

5,012 

5,105 

26,099 

3,108 

47,954 

7 

17,838 

407,  704 

4,032 

221 

341,  987 

6,339 

734.  582 

100 

9,568 

5,955 

23,043 

50 

109,881 

K 

53,756 

1,  342,  845 

3,028 

3,270 

599,296 

8,116 

22,  838,  964 

30,810 

9,731 

50,435 

102,380 

2,085 

437,  149 

9 

35,  048 

708,  525 

21,244 

4,511 

496,  521 

40,  842 

40,  313 

200 

16,923 

6,078 

116,667 

4,  059 

131,940 

10 

62.760 

1,092,717 

77,  499 

2,176 

949,  117 

152,  735 

5,477 

1,920 

27,197 

26,592 

89,412 

17,707 

160,201 

11 

23,  460 

998,  000 

47,  523 

6,912 

522,200 

42,  956 

14,  908 

3,445 

19,  770 

12,  951 

61,849 

9,554 

82,  3t>5 

IS 

11,446 

310,710 

2,220 

400 

139,  375 

8,735 

55,  805,  383 

50 

106 

7,034 

19,  270 

3,039 

139,  970 

13 

31,077 

720,  317 

82,  015 

7,106 

623,288 

20,  025 

020 

15,  180 

2,082 

13,956 

36,  185 

13,689 

88,387 

11 

28,309 

258,916 

38 

370 

128,  078 

5  •  > 

237,947 

1,792 

447 

8,774 

20,649 

043 

131,135 

15 

16,  068 

490,  910 

16,  798 

501 

284,  174 

9,  989 

11,499 

9,385 

6,742 

39,516 

1,000 

48,  363 

16 

15,551 

454,  488 

30,  781 

715 

361,421 

24,  824 

1,838 

10,  021 

5,640 

23,  637 

4,225 

26,597 

17 

30,  939 

1,  214,  797 

111,400 

2,586 

613,486 

76,  264 

1,395 

15,  901 

15,573 

64,  784 

14,635 

98,  004 

18 

32,289 

001,  749 

68,812 

560 

406,  269 

18,  478 

41,642 

4,415 

8,415 

60,  360 

2,  376 

84,483  j     19 

53,  109 

703,357 

6,217 

5,414 

495,  285 

33,332 

170,  518 

323 

13,  092 

6,223 

68,149 

7,303 

171,076       20 

20,  937 

510,  729 

12,  699 

3,  048 

315,  122 

38,007 

21,410 

50 

13,  590 

7,293 

59,103 

4,  5:  15 

60,  104       21 

20,  048 

957,  950 

87,  716 

692 

452,  191 

43,  749 

2,280 

17,  476 

9,  824 

64,  220 

13,  210 

83,  599       22 

43,  449 

909,  351 

22,  124 

1,011 

686,  110 

5,150 

476,  762 

2,  520 

10,  315 

16,687 

93,  399 

1,240 

182,  043       23 

30,  701 

026,  490 

57,450 

4,  642 

675,  407 

13,714 

4,527 

24,  073 

939 

82,741 

20,961 

13,327 

104,  290      24 

11,OL3 

298,  332 

7,235 

640 

223,  401 

18,  125 

9,286 

9,946 

4,371 

23,909 

1,618 

39,  782       23 

59,  147 

805,  620 

141,  648 

10,540 

800,  960 

48,  145 

1,019 

8,807 

6,  279            21,  639 

42,000 

12,  496 

100,  136  i     2G 

35,  481 

805,311 

6,  962 

2,  185 

595,  480 

19,  227 

304,  079 

15 

18,108 

9.300 

113,  838 

6,050 

246,  602       27 

24,  102 

693,  745 

73,566 

1,192 

496,  713 

30,003 

2 

295 

15,  874 

7,  one 

38,673 

6,  185 

42,  765       28 

37,  0-5 

593,  594 

2,563 

173 

312,  564 

4,802 

381,809 

6,571  :           9,068 

41,379 

3,237 

110,523  j     29 

28,708 

880,  675 

101,  7'.)3 

1,692 

616,  735 

42,833 

32 

2,444 

10,393  i          17,403 

34,  044 

10,  300 

42,  103       30 

905,  779 

23,  934,  465 

!     1,  285,  631 

89,091 

15,  005,  606 

936,  974 

119,  100,  528 

104,412 

353,412  i        427,102 

1,728,074 

220,  735 

4,115,688 

17 


130 


STATE    OF    SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


AGBICULTUBE. 


1 

o 
3 
4 
5 
6 

8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17' 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
23 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 

DISTRICTS. 

PRODUCED. 

<*J 

0 

,3 

a 
ft 

£ 

c 

5 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orcbard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

•J 

o 

a 
o 

1 

00 

"o 

a 

P 

£1 
13    ^4 

1  ° 

Li 

E> 

o 

G 

• 

1 
A 

"8  "o 

& 
^ 

3 

O 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

Abbeville  

1,392 
413 

$1,  655 

2,437 
2,553 
5,619 
360 

227  175 

4  873 

$550 
23,873 
200 
106,  213 

230,  811 
92,  365 
92,066 
54,  068 
143,  960 
41,434 
31,267 
127,  916 
40,  404 
230,  393 
171,  328 
16,  030 
184,  443 
6,510 
51,070 
64,  393 
193,  640 
54,  144 
56,  714 
41,452 
108,  700 
70,  108 
131,  444 
33,  773 
226,  487 
86,123 
101,  118 
35,  749 
232,  789 

125 

4,893 
164 
4,038 
13,  551 
2,118 
1,448 

16,882 
10,  401 
5,009 
83 
3,732 
9,262 
1,695 
4,385 
29,  891 
18,  875 
310 
o  ooo 

425 
10,  671 
4,188 
7,273 
12,  787 
5,300 
2,  O'JG 
10,  370 
1,770 
535 
2  °75 

5 

Beaufort  .  . 

20 

30 

Chester  

469 
94 
36 

Chesterfield  

500 

55 

Clarendon  

20 

4,508 

200 

12,381 
5,221 
435 

4  477 

- 

55 
2,245 
1,575 
10 
585 
97 
3G3 
447 
1,871 
132 
2,635 
128 
1,177 
166 
10 
73 
484 
413 
462 
310 
188 

5 

10 

Edge  field 

587 
351 

193 
35,816 
100 
22 

7 
4,290 

228 

27 

1'airC.eld  . 

75 

20 
45 
7 

10 
10 
75 

745 
4,704 
12 
3,931 
1,901 
116 
2,542 
28 
4,667 
1,215 
5,302 
103 
2,855 
608 
3,868 
23 

8 
10 

256 

112 

Lancaster  

1 

1,874 
2,059 

3 

Lauren?  

50 
52 

Marion  

100 

195 

oo 
3,306 
2 
114 
KO 
258 

5 

50 

1,400 

12 

290 
375 
7,764 
675 
10 
25 
573 

255 

Rlchland 

8 

20,  298 
19,  190 
9,142 

33 
5 

5 

615 

237 

10 

64 

228 

York 

80 

5 

3,207 

1,368 

1 

Total.    . 

11,  490 

602 

213,  989 

24,964 

187,  348 

3,  177,  934 

1,543 

87,587 

28 

38 

122 

STATE    OF    SOUTH    CAROLINA. 


l.'Jl 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

v] 
o 

V 
| 

T3~ 
fc 

o 

to 

3 

a 

'2 
< 

1 

a 

3 

4 
3 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 

11 

12 
'13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
20 
27 
28 
29 
30 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhda.  of 
1,000  pounda. 

ta 

h 

"o    a 

s  .2 

C 

§ 

o 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  homo- 
made,  valuo  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

G-     . 

laa 
s" 

A 

O 

4,177 
1,402 

2,126 
2,654 
1,288 
1,043 
303 
1,641 
1,  105 
285 
1,986 
IG2 
1,409 
1,551 
203 
3,076 
1,988 
204 
706 
1,787 
C37 
1,863 
5-13 
1,  08-1 
470 
3,086 
449 
4,704 
645 
1,  774 
C9 
1,574 

29,328 
30,  474 
20,573 
11,016 
2,  159 
20,006 
9,112 
6,106 
21,813 
2,584 
25,456 
11,122 
3,199 
43,  158 
14,  307 
2,514 
11,018 
30,646 
16,064 
16,  «4 
8,765 
12,706 
27,  017 
45,  752 
2,159 
48,274 
7,572 
24,  867 
835 
20,771 

$37,  180 
86,688 
20,036 
17,071 
1,370 
10,  455 
10,815 
2,323 
22,203 
535 
36,  2G9 
11,  789 
25,  120 
35,663 
27,401 
19,091 
22,435 
37,965 
24,341 
69,267 
10,  280 
25,  894 
10,026 
49,  879 
1,425 
49,  823 
99,750 
17,  391 
205 
32,  412 

$323,  204 
233,940 
347,389 
164,016 
185,  304 
177,858 
103,  127 
112,  ICO 
187,  516 
212,  799 
418,  455 
337,  504 
36,710 
200,298 
147,  805 
123,  346 
115,  373 
297,  631 
100,603 
287,054 
173,134 
259,559 
230,  782 
181,  444 
37,834 
263,  210 
217,  4S2 
194,  977 
126,357 
207,855 

1 

300 

CIS 
4  49° 

3 

24 

6,767 

(10 

799 

221 
8,062 

125 

160 

2,587 
1,288 
55 
12,053 
335 
1,030 
285 
8,562 

• 

1 
1 
6 

19 

1,760 

80 

10 

15 
417 
1,043 
2,158 
3,915 
9,310 
1,500 

20 

1,400 

10 

295 

15 

100 

SCO 
1,404 

15 

1 

344 

313 

20 

205 

198 

15,  144 

51,041 

40,  479 

526,  077 

815,  117 

6,  072,  822 

| 

132 


STATE    OF   TENNESSEE. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

g 
3 
4 

5 
6 
7 

e 
11 

10 

1  ! 
1 

13 

i  1 
IS 

ia 

, 

i  • 

•  •! 

23 

••I 
83 
26 

•j- 
89 
:;  ' 
31 
:».' 
33 
34 
:;., 
3 
37 
38 
:;  • 
i 
; 
.;  ' 
13 
44 
45 
4li 
47 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Imp-roved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

£ 

o 
o 

<£ 

43,  373 
184,  70S 
40,331 
33,  830 
99,  866 
79,  992 
33,  789 
55,  127 
95,827 
33  G24 

138,  230 
92,  458 
187,  957 
93,  812 
199,  800 
124,  555 
100,  556 
94,  946 
180,  432 
81,132 
110,  855 
182,  705 
159,727 
107,  481 
164,  005 
11  G,  084 
132,  664 
122,453 
231,  657 
98,  375 
176,  914 
280,  62G 
150,  775 
253,  525 
189,  249 
124,  067 
193,  049 
79,833 
187,  271 
79,  709 
217,  892 
302,  450 
195,  629 
214,  484 
239,  144 
222,  217 
215,  179 
241,  592 
188,  792 
148,  321 
77,  252 
208,  641 
117,825 
183,  537 
54,934 
1  '.12,643 
119  '109 

$1,  151,  340 
7,  071,  904 
974,  861 
914,  642 
3,  304,  096 
2,  6G9,  725 
748,  164 
2,406,561 
2,715,288 
1,  1G8,  255 
1,  587,  451 
1,558,030 
3,  320,  967 
1,  795,  893 
268,  900 
13,  929,  974 
736,  009 
1,  858,  285 
1,  541,  760 
2,  G85,  335 
4,601,335 
501,  776 
2,  772,  390 
G,  758,  900 
9,  099,  460 
1,  919,  203 
5,  021,  755 
504,  332 
2,  569,  445 
1,040,405 
3,  173,  184 
1,  722,  067 
2,  810,  483 
G,  024,  331 
1,  708,  197 
4,  059,  828 
1,693,224 
1,568,223 
1,  639,  505 
4,  224,  357 
786,  806 
4,  480,  870 
1,857,255 
1,181,148 
292,050 
8,  243,  905 
i  94fi  nm 

?82,  056 
156,  458 
49,519 
34,  715 
140,  904 
91,  288 
26,  897 
69,154 
114,950 
37,  579 
31,  870 
58,  089 
80,  149 
52,  969 
12,  459 
208,  101 
45,  599 
58,819 
73,  783 
76,  247 
237,687 
24,  576 
82,428 
195,  123 
200,229 
65,  384 
192,253 
19,  725 
72,  2G3 
24,  446 
172,  297 
84,  838 
86,829 
192,  234 
113,935 
118,830 
79,  313 
53,364 
47,  696 
170,  131 
25,  943 
202,253 
67,  461 
48,  699 
13,  492 
230,  773 

Tfi   »17 

1.7G2 
8,503 
2,180 
1,077 
4,006 
2,834 
1,334 
3,  GC8 
3,  692 
1,  374 
1,616 
2,770 
2,692 
2,880 
532 
5,  G64 
1,694 
2,911 
2,786 
3,056 
3,093 
1,179 
3,874 
6,797 
7,883 
2,398 
G.310 
8D4 
2,666 
1,528 
2,701 
2,474 
4,229 
3,546 
3,410 
4,312 
2,804 
2,485 
2,954 
4,241 
820 
4,815 
1,980 
2,104 
587 
8,452 
v  vfi 

384 
3,  742 
629 
319 
865 
799 
388 
1,327 
1,736 
261 
645 
247 
518 
628 
77 
3,  374 
617 
747 
1,  3'.»1 

y:u 

3,697 
177 
1,  507 
2,865 
4,243 
501 
'1,068 
228 
544 
153 
1,926 
1,112 
720 
2,561 
1,459 
3,020 
1,770 
950 
684 
1,328 
GO 
1,070 
813 
683 
233 
5,009 

1,653 
4,904 
2,289 
1,150 
3,266 
2,386 
1,410 
2,328 
3,525 
1,380 
1,610 
2,967 
2,597 
2,071 
864 
4,010 
1,865 
1,937 
2  822 
2,413 
5,349 
1,628 
3,  445 
5,426 
5,415 
1,972 
5,035 
705 
2,742 
1,403 
3,  971 
3,  0!)7 
3,278 
4,500 
3,  577 
4,130 
2,382 
2,369 
2,668 
2,845 
1,118 
3,  'MO 
2,858 
1,828 
572 
6,842 

1    fift7 

G44 
1,804 

1,371 
504 
652 
7G8 
698 
1,341 
1,661 
171 
823 
2,158 
897 
1,060 
313 
559 
1,196 
1,464 
1,291 
1,429 
1,906 
877 
1,233 
2,619 
2,635 
802 
CIS 
401 
1,024 
724 
1,687 
1,990 
1,207 
1,794 
2,371 
1,823 
1,338 
1,  432 
2,002 
812 
200 
731 
1,157 
1,  032 
431 
3,066 
i  nr.i 

2,976 
13,  443 
2,787 
5,263 
5,  550 
3,802 
3,  1GO 
2,705 
4,  353 
2,  857 
2,  724 
5,030 
2,  SC7 
3,920 
1,907 
7,  539 
3,330 
1,975 
5,  293 
G,  038 
10,  755 
2,589 
5,  125 
9,100 
7,804 
8,953 
8,155 
932 
4,  557 
1,879 
6,803 
4,  337 
5,  884 
9,  056 
0,  6G7 
6,527 
3,087 
4,  588 
3,765 
5,  945 
1,759 
5,  123 
3,545 
2,608 
788 
8,  8G7 
5  (173 

6,  919 
21,375 
6,617 
4,179 
11,097 
7,  532 
5,  294 
8,  50fi 
10,  270 
4,110 
4,  3G7 
10,882 
6,529 
7,  125 
2,651 
15,940 
5,  P14 
8,093 
9,282 
6,  735 
11,269 
4,749 
!>,  480 
16,  822 
15,684 
G,  991 
18,  626 
2,021 
5,127 
5,  25  1 
7,604 
7,867 
16,881 
11,  627 
9,  203 
13,  824 
8,967 
9,493 
10,  479 
13,  647 
3,  910 
10,  329 
2,757 
5,  744 
2,587 
19,  534 
fi  :i<i;> 

Bedford 

Bledsoe 

Blount 

Bradley  

Carroll  

38,738 
64,  460 
67,637 
56,100 
13,  021 
132,  763 
3.1,  741 
50,424 
55,  301 
45,  152 
184,  624 
34,846 
85,  317 
121,509 
190,  238 
79,  108 
150,854 
17,  3-12 
07,  C28 
37,  409 
111,  883 
64,  988 
98,921 
138,  026 
97,  450 
118,299 
51,867 
42,  550 
64,  478 
111,405 
25,041 
114,  390 
31,  539 
40,  802 
!),  77.'J 
20:),  640 
45.  441 

Cocko  :  

Coffee  

Dyer 

Fayettc  .    . 

Giles  

Haywooil  

Macon  .  . 

STATE   OF   TENNESSEE. 


133 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

B 
it 

w: 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

o 
a? 

" 
a 

1 
a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  bennn.busn- 
els  of. 

1 
«••  ^ 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 

111,  030 
68,901 
19,  607 
9,  005 
24,  039 
9 
12,  052 
22,  076 
35,518 
12,  657 
15,712 
23,  851 
31,834 
20,858 
6,  809 
30,  590 
17,715 
22,  309 
23,  448 
34,  575 
41,  124 
12,  858 
33,  Oil 
68,  480 
62,  877 
23,  296 
31,713 
0,  757 
21,317 
12,  941 
33,  586 
27,854 
29,204 
45,  705 
33,  621 
38,327 
21,381 
22,103 
25,462 
20,054 
7,  6S3 
27,  793 
23,426 
12,  522 
5,  200 
87,  192 
14.965 

$334,  939 
1,49:1,052 
378,  875 
250,  825 
663,  718 
403,  774 
240,  061 
763,  453 
728,  796 
212,  155 
343,012 
467,  222 
542,  853 
472,  993 
116,544 
1,  094,  633 
338,  552 
506,233 
623,  275 
667,  200 
1,171,943 
246,  075 
783,  888 
1,355,267 
1,  728,  981 
424,  788 
980,  817 
162,  609 
403,  942 
269,  751 
830,  457 
625,  116 
710,772 
973,  750 
677,  337 
957,  199 
675,  811 
478,  347 
507,323 
411,303 
137,  114 
8  16,  253 
482,  579 
386,020 
135,  380 
2.  029,  500 
419.  5S4 

39,  983 
208,  580 
20,442 
18,  880 
106,  341 
102,097 
23,759 
53,402 
62,825 
59,  744 
13,  386 
48,  742 
88,453 
38,008 
3,247 
69,  824 
14,  621 
39,036 
22  722 
34,503 
59,  364 
13,583 
58,971 
93,967 
90,358 
84,306 
259,656 
11,025 
78,508 
27,889 
39,  349 
27,  169 
127,  679 
51,  760 
36,533 
115,  392 
18,648 
22,107 
34,587 
163,  946 
21,  018 
138,293 
18,585 
27,  255 
5,744 
131,  248 
21.  251 

422 
15,  242 
101 
1,053 

S80 
113 
376 
4,444 
1,547 
615 
439 
1,578 
741 
5,  975 
1,  985 
3,528 
175 
1,710 
691 
1,  047 
7,487 
2,072 
5,710 
3,641 
11,  670 
2,241 
3,352 
850 
780 
1,289 
15,  960 
835 
1,028 
0,  126 
2,022 
1,773 
1,183 
353 
3,107 
1,  242 
4,510 
1,  423 
734 
2,372 
209 
16,060 
1.58o 

342,  650 
1,333,522 
406,  905 
314,400 
557,680 
540,  312 
281,348 
559,  162 
707,  498 
197,  695 
349,  792 
456,  473 
618,210 
532,  990 
79,  865 
1,114,901 
341,266 
519,  740 
503,241 
565,  570 
832,  980 
170,  330 
760,  385 
994,  437 
1,  129,  129 
516,  971 
923,893 
172,035 
606,160 
289,  810 
630,  621 
546,  114 
690,  640 
822,  871 
586,071 
965,  543 
592,  803 
538,  271 
584,  475 
892,591 
91,  625 
779,504 
375,  761 
339,  990 
104,773 
1,  592,  715 
349.  034 

23,674 
31,178 
916 
12,302 
57,  217 
23,232 
83,810 
10,  457 
4,846 
58,839 
7,050 
64,192 
45,  302 
5,595 
2,478 
62,  514 
760 
4,752 
7,602 
2,033 
2,678 
10,  398 
17,665 
5,210 
45,633 
92,072 
139,  211 
2,700 
15,327 
40,  754 
4,204 
1,303 
119,  630 
3,605 
2,451 
4,898 
4,365 
1,717 
5,414 
105,206 
47,182 
119,414 
385 
3,007 
520 
73,326 
16.283 

60 

9,350 
262,605 
1,  468,  949 
7,010 
14,  145 
9,751 
7,180 
36,405 
2,  573,  540 
7,323 
386,  178 
11,920 
13,  232 
9,990 
3,195 
138,550 
244,  964 
67,212 
580,  088 
2,  564,  503 
230 
19,355 

500 
255 

10,750 
42,738 
8,669 
7,783 
21,174 
11,311 
8,221 
17,  447 
18,  159 
9,904 
6,460 
17,  157 
14,320 
10;  662 
4,839 
3fi,  656 
10,  261 
16,  303 
17,  743 
10,  795 
18,503 
10,781 
17,675 
25,  393 
30,260 
12,636 
34,  498 
5,330 
9,632 
11,  105 
13,  301 
14,008 
24,  943 
20,741 
15,338 
23,208 
16,374 
16,031 
17,123 
24,494 
8,384 
ID,  277 
4,514 
11,739 
3,495 
38,534 
9.2*3 

814 
4,358 
5,701 
830 
6,  749 
6,848 
1,324 
1,477 
20,412 
1,390 
2,  479 
922 
222 
2,270 
219 
11,403 
4,553 
639 
2,499 
4,616 
60,592 
852 
14,400 
34,935 
4,762 
835 
4,024 
1,568 
7,471 
1,  133 
62,  466 
6,978 
3,  438 
9,340 
18,  137 
3,928 
407 
1,564 
595 
38 
438 
6,646 
1,931 
1,170 
174 
4,278 
3.211 

8,920 
28,106 
7,072 
6,969 
11,968 
7,  724 
6,701 
9,038 
8,821 
12,  689 
9,  916 
13,  399 
11,788 
10,001 
9,153 
50,465 
7,287 
1,096 
11,57'! 
9,321 
20,810 
9,845 
14,626 
25,581 
19.-745 
7,422 
21,101 
6,390 
9,666 
5,565 
14,  601 
7,774 
15,  513 
20,693 
9,  135 
9,184 
7,448 
8,101 
12,279 
12,490 
8,293 
23,456 
10,  595 
7,  199 
1,964 
22,381 
17,  911 

16,  570 
45,866 
26,285 
10,910 
36,015 
29,891 
8,217 
13,866 
54,749 
8,630 
18,204 
9,524 
17,  332 
24,  283 
5,747 
90,997 
20,752 
16,  133 
26,  598 
40,113 
84,  579 
10,299 
33,635 
87,226 
31,509 
15,067 
22,  479 
8,504 
27,387 
5,960 
63,209 
25,258 
14,727 
68,334 
47,675 
59,  978 
20,607 
23,396 
23,560 
30,284 
1,275 
44,  519 
28,032 
17,410 
2,754 
39,659 
18,356 

22 

5 

966 

35 

8 
3,753 

9 

105 

385 

10 

6 
362 

419 
45-1 

31 
940 
35,281 

300 

14,565 
1,  838,  367 
5,525 
45,837 
19,  398 
3,015 
8,417 
11,474 
230 
6,995 
23,738 

163 
7,234 
11,  602 
3 

8,502 

50 

4 
61 

56 

400 
800 

19,237 
984 

1,280 
1,769 

11,914 
77,080 
5,  071,  075 
43,  996 
196,  957 
851,227 
36,135 
748 
26,441 
82,495 
11,580 
1,200 
18,  747 
1.506.711 

26,  537 
7,218 
225 
140 
258 

15 

5,513 

125 

12 

670 
4,700 
85 

6,408 
68,441 

200 

4,226 
4.535 

134 


STATE    OF   TENNESSEE. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pouuda  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

"o 

H 

a 

o 

X 

a 

ja 
3 

,Q 

T3~  <„• 
&     O 

t* 

o 

1 

0 

a 

.a 

,0 

1    °' 

i 

1 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

10 
695 

11 
23 

$549 
32 

69 

84 

69,  628 
244,  141 
92,  218 
35,580 
146,  456 
118,  037 
55,883 
83,  989 
118,318 
59,  721 
37,335 
114,  605 
120,  283 
67,848 
19,  984 
226,  019 
75,  142 
92,  655 
98,  892 
85,047 
244  251 

1,637 
2,617 
3 
350 
6,5(50 
1,471 
14 
947 
469 
1,085 

781 
3,317 
37 
352 
7,002 
2,102 
386 
897 
518 
1,  573 
210 
943 
1,092 
273 
370 
9,  774 
138 
735 
786 
543 
6,365 
133 
573 
851 
5,883 
830 
6,993 
136 
1,  865 
517 
3,841 

33 
S 

113 
473 

SO 
159 

$835 

55 
49 
110 

7 

494 
218 

704 
57 
55 
52 
8 
20!) 
3 
20 
37 

371 
436 
C77 
6 
479 
309 
67 
10 
277 
31 
186 
48 
3,  393 
184 
501 
140 
133 
2,039 
1C7 
138 
1,189 
407 
25 
267 
241 

16 
30 
33 

20 

150 

775 

175 
35 
70 
47 

1 

75 
6 

137 
115 
21,  214 

21 

10 
1,6)7 
1 
301 
105 

81 

21 

1 
28 
22 

7,727 

10 

2,586 
2,159 
425 
2,035 
8,177 
105 
130 
50 

35 
22 

40 

10 
535 
3,028 
3,052 
180 
1,821 
392 
14,  459 
221 

222 
35 
31 

2,000 
102,  793 

10 
283 
5 

15 
20 

16 

4,239 

377 

100 

10 

95 

35 
3 

14 
8 
1 
14 
34 

100 
136 
7 
913 

56,055 
133,  970 
232,  665 
203,  305 
72,  300 
224,  158 
22,  037 
110,  263 
49,  139 
145,  590 
150,429 
166,  310 
169,834 
113,684 
110,585 
77,  498 
111,  557 
105,  825 
169,  960 
51,  462 
186,  374 
58,773 
74,236 
23,115 
213,  753 
31,  031 

1,327 
220 
50 
156 
2,154 
12,416 
642 
630 
3,  838 

78 
475 
101 

192 
177 
213 
70 
419 
14 
1,538 

2,305 
2,077 

22,312 
1,608 
83 
6,158 
265 
570 
6,844 
3,770 
2,431 
2,544 
14,  433 
12,  659 
12,  975 
284 
319 
871 

52 
15 
1 
6 

81 
580 
593 
50 

35 
94.-1 

131 
136 

1,481 
64 
10 
43 

y 

220 

1 

90 
430 
117 
103 
1,526 
341 
2,  OK) 
453 
180 
31 
293 
158 
241 
590 

92 

525 
20 

10 
18 
6 
18 
43 
66 
3 

285 
10,  145 
40 
486 
237 
142 
781 
480 
3,392 
2,827 
18,  767 

235 
3,922 
538 
243 
2,287 
2,  035 
23C 
53 
4,272 
917 
6,420 
320 
118 
28 
2,670 
2 

53 
374 

14 
60 
13 
1 

336 

423 
115 
57 
255 

175 
3,470 
1,442 

35 
10 
13 
32 
24 
25 
4,360 
496 

71 
61 
106 

62 

78 
95 

10 
30 
122 

5 

236 
54 
744 

8,480 
3,413 

98 
20,  349 

3 

4 
3 

91 

1,502 

10 

5,  401 
63 
3,450 

28 

1,407 
280 
3,233 

91 
6 
1,698 

1 

192 

2,886 

17 

47 

276 

73 


Macon  .  .  . 

STATE   OF   TENNESSEE 


135 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 
• 

1 
3 
3 
4 

S 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
IS 
1C 
17 
18 
1 
) 
21 
23 

•i 

26 
27 
- 
29 
:  < 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 

42 
43 
14 
45 
46 
17 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Floxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

o 
A 

$* 

to  o 

s 

1 
s 

I 

& 

S 

O 

§ 

0 

i 
i* 

g    o 

11 
1 

s 

1 

fl 
o 

1 

a  . 

1! 

a 

li 

H 

1 

o 
1 

a 
1 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufacture*,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted.tons 
of. 

In 

Ck    a 

£J 
if 

5J 

10 

90 

3,618 
50 

258 
50 

2  570 

1  000 

14,141 
1,339 
120 
7,  3C7 
38,594 
14,  199 
10,519 
4,305 
693 
9,333 

2,092 
2,063 
985 
552 
1,005 
431 
532 
2,706 
967 
813 
369 
1,050 
1,119 
615 
288 
739 
722 
1,780 
946 
514 
100 
1,061 
1,390 
3,  167 
4,620 
1,285 
1,340 
576 
112 
1,187 
721 
1,272 
2,533 
1,  521 
1,464 
695 
700 
1,550 
2,085 
334 
56S 
1,686 
243 
746 
60 
4,874 
112 

22,965 
5,571 
22,057 
6,488 
14,902 
6,081 
5,557 
26,005 
17,  917 
13,  733 
2,072 
17,  101 
18,291 
10,  249 
5,364 
20,617 
12,  525 
28,811 
11,  868 
18,  606 
14,225 
12,  143 
20,  315 
45,  190 
58,706 
16,  250 
30,  089 
7,  724 
9,903 
22,803 
15,  005 
21,846 
25,  857 
35,500 
23,310 
13,719 
13,206 
19,363 
38,975 
16,007 
8,259 
19,450 
6,441 
8,129 
745 
81,897 
1.355 

$25,  500 
24,  157 
29,415 
16,663 
42,  117 
29,096 
20,332 
68,432 
39,477 
30,  848 
8,207 
33,858 
39,104 
28,  430 
7,239 
17,825 
49,  972 
92,  287 
31,752 
18,  257 
22,228 
19,461 
34,  988 
92,  081 
120,030 
23,  402 
38,333 
9,814 
21,069 
19,  044 
30,  132 
47,  758 
56,819 
30,935 
122,477 
38,718 
24,700 
21,594 
32,614 
82,580 
19,320 
33,537 
6,550 
27,293 
7,629 
60,443 
7,798 

$73,747 
•    ...     -1 
77,728 
44,882 
166,723 
147,  819 
54,865 
146,939 
177,  346 
54,429 
84,  731 
112,  08C 
109,043 
100,  018 
23,113 
233,580 
73,034 
94,231 
114,738 
123,  C07 
224,  574 
42,  907 
183,  K8 
236,  929 
413,  224 
116,051 
102,  740 
31,  651 
126,  SOO 
53,631 
198,  116 
138,552 
161,742 
217,  361 
168,486 
155,  405 
103,071 
105,277 
107,  689 
170,099 
33,578 
212,  097 
71,943 
71,299 
19,325 
::--..  V'l 
57,227 

70 

20 

690 
793 
1,790 
5,381 
297 
710 
7,139 

18 
24 
100 
229 
10 
4 
297 

312 
8 

• 

1 

1 

2,384 

885 

120 

421 

2,830 

4   ooo 

155 

1,000 

5 

11,  192 
3,662 

7C7 
140 

7  213 

19,  010 

24,708 
6  498 

3  21° 

583 

228 
233 
307 
154 

33 

1,802 
23 

181 
480 

18 
3 

3,729 
433 
4,004 
5,394 
4,803 

10 
123 

15 

273 
1,890 

7,981 
235 

204 
7 



5,217 
600 

169 

4,790 
C,  IC'J 
2,  723 
7,400 
23,  856 
45,613 
1,917 
8,820 
7  224 
1C5 
8,298 
25,299 
40 
5,872 
4,177 

12,  on 

4,575 
0,514 
48,902 
0,113 
51,027 
658 
10,  319 
4,552 
11,634 

o 

298 

273 

6,004 
11,  924 
75 

225 

5  467 

1 

268 

638 
400 

3 
2 

12,  903 
1,144 

5,843 

504 

7,384 

1,129 

70 
6,089 

201 

15,  2C7 

994 

3 

217 

23 

1 

1,360 

45 

59 

247 
2,303 
2,241 
543 
4  021 

240 
2,241 
2,244 
4,572 
3,795 

5 
175 
54 
359 
167 

30 

168 

21 

20 

1 

401 

142 

30 

240 

20 

942 

12 

13G 


STATE    OF   TENNESSEE. 


AGRICULTURE. 


48 
49 
SO 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
6G 
67 
€8 
69 
70 
71 

73 

75 

76 
77 
78 
79 
• 
81 
83 
83 
-I 

COUNTIES. 

ACHES  OP  LAXD. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma- 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  males. 

1 
o 

fi 

£ 

s 

Working  oxen. 

0 

"5 

h 

c. 

O 

d 

o 

5? 

McMInn  . 

108,  339 
81,686 

160,  401 
33,  120 
116,  387 
208,  347 
37,  810 
109,  722 
129,283 
17,100 
CO,  498 
73,  436 
28,510 
29,  182 
49,  303 
32,  41C 
95,  944 
123,  443 
184,  4C8 
13,409 
60,938 
1C,  255 
134,  430 
118,  083 
41,  956 
94,168 
140,  582 
63,  570 
34,  9-10 
16,  395 
73,  537 
113,  752 
52,  638 
79,  915 
61,817 
172,  246 
214,  884 

1G9,  109 
265,  805 
206,  772 
192,  240 
100,  477 
256,  575 
79,  460 
228,968 
199,  991 
390,  190 
185,  033 
183,  983 
155,  013 
92,301 
171,  536 
87,  47C 
S70,  314 
150,  925 
219,  753 
104,  140 
187,  563 
84,  294 
180,  707 
104,385 
185,  589 
133,235 
157,  857 
135,  778 
82,75ti 
108,150 
200,  073 
223,  355 
214,868 
157,  500 
108,  887 
191,  030 
120,  471 

$2,  902,  346 
1,  805,  614 
5,  009,  307 
1,  007,  739 
5,  440,  318 
15,  153,  853 
1,  429,  600 
3,  449,  290 
0,  522,  474 
501,  803 
3,  479,  477 
1,  653,  880 
958,  740 
1,  070,  939 
889,  274 
1,171,640 
3,  420,  010 
5,211,402 
13,  408,  309 
203,  910 
1,  082,  698 
384,  780 
9,  428,  209 
4,  358,  147 
1,  108,  369 
2,  792,  803 
0,  308,  096 
2,  409,  118 
804,  440 
392,  593 
2,  125,  810 
4,531,622 
1,475,887 
2,  942,  005 
1,341,198 
10,  528,  905 
9,  939,  447 

$129,  599 
105,  577 
255,  315 
41,  938 
15G,  181 
281,  902 
45,  342 
124,  834 
140,  897 
18,  788 
108,009 
55,547 
36,538 
34,  124 
45,  647 
42,  872 
11C,  275 
150,  094 
263,  867 
12,  138 
75,  150 
10,  093 
250,  648 
105,  645 
52,  013 
124,  692 
182,  397 
112,121 
28,  874 
14,  255 
03,  4T4 
154,097 
58,043 
137,  807 
51,180 
217,  142 
291,411 

3,705 
3,OC5 
4,305 
1,417 
6,470 
11,440 
1,402 
3,353 
3,  573 
749 
3,  395 
2,980 
1,935 
980 
2,591 
1,443 
4,005 
4,  8-17 
10,  308 
639 
2,787 
70C 
3,  334 
5,  479 
1,970 
4,128 
8,  507 
2,338 
1,430 
755 
3,315 
4,104 
2,  143 
4,  222 
2,878 
9,171 
12,  070 

1,  203 
1,279 
2,772 
404 
3,509 
8,  805 
430 
1,475 
2,991 
73 
1,509 
715 
752 
335 
375 
335 
1,099 
2,  GC7 
4,343 
38 
284 
109 
3,013 
1,727 
1,021 
327 
3,437 
1,555 
189 
118 
718 
407 
481 
2,  289 
566 
6,394 
6,868 

3,298 
4,015 
5,235 
1,893 
3,  53  1 
7,  4-16 
1,308 
2,920 
3,507 
1,199 
3,857 
2,802 
1,  533 
1,070 
2,  372 
1,420 
3,850 
3,  301 
6,219 
834 
2,638 
911 
5,011 
3,644 
2,028 
3,483 
5,  098 
3,  732 
1,109 
811 
2,600 
3,796 

1,103 
2,388 
2,  037 
801 
1,270 
2,707 
439 
1,100 
1,217 
479 
1,699 
1,700 
1,204 
612 
1,  419 
494 
1,110 
1,  073 
1,  520 
358 
615 
313 
1,368 
2,535 
1,  130 
204 
1,634 
931 
707 
393 
1,202 
260 
1,570 
2,223 
983 
1,303 
1,  907 

4,507 
0,301 
10,  087 
3,109 
4,528 
10,214 
1,536 
4,349 
4,873 
2,  874 
7,  558 
5,081 
3,  158 
2,0-11 
2,  906 
2,  483 
0,171 
4,003 
12,  439 
2,  117 
3,222 
2,  220 
10,  474 
5,  093 
4,  117 
0,  300 
7,  514 
6,  867 
1,  094 
1,343 
7,410 
4,921 

8,  999 
8,870 
11,055 
3  4'J7 
14,  521 
21,181 
3,074 
10,  378 
10,  422 
4,  938 
6,770 
11,833 
0,878 
3,480 
7,  «4 
3  557 
12,  270 
11,737 
23,133 
4,  772 
7,657 
1,774 
7,  198 
13,555 
7,178 
14,735 
18,363 
5,417 
5,382 
2,405 
10,  702 
12,  422 

Marshall 

Polk  

IHiua  

Hutherford  

Scott  

Sequatchie  

Shelby 

Smith 

Stewart 

Sullivan 

Tipton  :  

Weakley  

4,209 
2,338 
5,  249 
0,495 

7  559 
3,  529 
8,957 
7,828 

10,  742 
5,834 
19,  143 
21,015 

White  .  . 

Total  

0,  795,  337 

13,873,828 

271,  358,  985 

8,  4C5,  792 

290,  882 

120,  345 

24ft,  514 

102,  158 

413,060 

773,317 

STATE    OF   TENNESSEE. 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVJ:  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

M 

V 

A 
a 

£1 

1° 

a 
• 

£ 
a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bulea 
of  400  Ibs.  euch. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Teas  and  benns,  bush 
els  of. 

Irish  potatoen,  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoef,  bush- 
eU  of 

U 

1  • 
i 
SI 
53 

54 
55 

: 
57 
..- 
59 
00 
Cl 
68 
63 
: 
. 
60 
67 
68 
69 
i  ; 
7] 

73 
74 
75 
78 
77 
78 
79 
- 
81 
83 
83 
84 

25,  795 
28,  855 
48,  C43 
17,884 
42,  400 
97,  673 
13,  123 
24,  314 
41,499 
8,503 
42,441 
24,  770 
Ifi,  27.') 
9,  552 
*      17,085 
9,982 
27,  950 
39,  205 
04,  877 
8,071 
22,034 
7,  315 
41,153 
38,  745 
21,290 
24,880 
43,  053 
27,  302 
12.  30C 
5,  791 
18,  681 
25,014 

$0-19,  487 
813,  021 
1,044,553 
284,111 
1,  498,  709 
3,  371,  005 
259,  222 
680,077 
915,753 
141,205 
742,  748 
480,  891 
3D8,  824 
181,793 
380,  037 
258;  249 
0%,  OC5 
1,025,925 
2,115,432 
109,  188 
429,  474 
135,  494 
1,  12S,  049 
1,098,544 
414,138 
002,550 
1,  5%,  720 
040,  992 
217,  906 
130,  104 
507,  795 
072,  570 
5SO,  501 
849,  005 
459,  839 
2,  030,  341 
2,  592,  550 

145,  024 
41,826 
64,579 
20,  848 
80,  940 
103,719 
40,  347 
133,725 
123,023 
8,002 
50,920 
48,  218 
12,  175 
40,  250 
29,  820 
31.S92 
103,  734 
159,  177 
150,  401 
5,930 
62,  374 
9,  527 
34,138 
72,568 
14,  102 
155,  330 
105,  916 
38,253 
25,341 
9,000 
43,456 
195,827 
30,811 
84,300 
30,  457 
130,727 
162,  747 

1,158 
491 
6,566 

704 
6,210 
15,  054 
107 
4,087 
3,057 
1,975 
300 
3,008 
741 
559 
1,930 
414 
1,749 
5,891 
5,699 
1,050 
1,885 
1,055 
2,045 
7,074 
414 
2,807 
7,  059 
435 
2,332 
800 
2,145 
2,  794 
2,430 
OSO 
2.308 
8,  224 
7,041 

655,  356 
599,220 
941,  645 
370,  505 
931,  343 
2,174,653 
328,  228 
629,  716 
811,010 
109,  942 
831,  776 
519,  159 
413,  405 
220,  302 
372,  967 
295,  280 
751,790 
935,  975 
1,501,185 
108,915 
449,  133 
140,  218 
709,  484 
972,  793 
430,  077 
435,202 
1,  170,  614 
485,  478 
220,  900 
131,  773 
406,  095 
468,  777 
483,  407 
923,  215 
472,  563 
1,533,036 
1,731,955 

19,815 
430 
1,049 
3,482 
63,  988 

25 
30 

1-7,  145 
6,  982 
97,950 
14,  H36 
118,  XSO 
827,  170 
6,  209 
45,454 
5,  199,  150 
13,320 
1,  407,  400 
91,386 
1,052 
3,  933 
158,350 
8,651 
80,628 
2  298,  430 

7 
0,148 
24,  187 

17,  699 
13,  5B2 
12,227 
7,377 
29,742 
40,514 
5,546 
16,  248 
26,  346 
9,511 
9,035 
18,  667 
11,321 
5,  598 
13,  998 
6,103 
18,  817 
23,927 
43,  431 
9,728 
14,  475 
4,  457 
10,  924 
20,405 
11,470 
27,  021 
38,457 
9,508 
7,  040 
4,  7110 
19,  131 
23,  716 
14,001 
4,808 
12,580 
25,305 
49,825 

10,881 
11,445 
14,  255 
3.28S 
2,532 
8,008 
272 
6,699 
3,960 
649 
4,082 
3,554 
1,740 
3,  104 
1,002 
1,455 
5,672 
1,634 
12,  326 
5,430 
3,519 
1,  144 
'31,469 
7,  512 
8H9 
532 
5,542 
16,661 
371 
537 
1,405 
1,699 
3,800 
17,  430 
1,  150 
3,417 
16,580 

11,54:1 
5,573 
9,366 
9,128 
11,040 
41,010 
4,410 
10,011 
21,639 
13,089 
10,  445 
15,061 
5,320 
3,434 
15,  219 
6,790 
17,  518 
12,  012 
37  571 
7,  C72 
11,305 
4,919 
31,351 
23,  214 
11,518 
15,601 
28,583 
13,  057 
5,516 
5,  448 
14,263 
18,270 
8,342 
22,  479 
10,299 
49,753 
37,896 

30,643 
43,  763 
82,144 
22,049 
31,200 
66,  014 
9,853 
28,  006 
41,  308 
12,  769 
33,  375 
25,604 
10,  434 
11,019 
22,705 
12,026 
41,049 
41,605 
74,  848 
6,995 
22,050 
7,479 
93,318 
30,  973 
15,  579 
15,641 
42,  217 
34,  849 
7,954 
7,895 
29,739 
19,956 
20,201 
83,433 
24,128 
48,753 
74,  844 

200 

821 
7,012 
150 
5,808 
250 

174 

77,  437 
5,037 
22  200 
42,  410 
4,405 
743 
20,  478 
527 
10,411 
11,067 
9,430 
22,540 
73,  572 
40,  077 
1,502 
2I>,  115 
1,  %5 
5,981 
17,  210 
3,  515 
132,  893 
6(5,  134 
2,020 
36,  325 
1,055 
8,287 
133,  401 
1,247 
380 
6,448 
32,132 
75,900 

50 
10,000 

15 

32 

30 

200 

170,  700 
3,  :«7 
13,750 
4,733 

12,229 

2,003 

20 

20 

2,300 
2,  581,  872 
767,818 
105,  396 
1,  121,  516 
6,120 
3,  025 
5,180 
6,295 
30,280 
3,  805 
6,  015,  104 
24,501 
2,  894,  041 
852,  304 

23,179 
8 
705 
30 
302 
11,  717 

380 
15 

7 
20 

3 

229 
42 
o 

2,  8  10 
27 

41,  (170 
l(i,  113 
01,74!) 
CO,  000 

1,000 
1,200 

2,347,321 

'00,211,425 

5,  459,  268 

257,  989 

52,  089,  926 

2,  267,  814 

40,  372 

43,  44S,  097 

296,  464 

1,  405,  236 

547,  803 

1,182,005 

2,  604,  672 

18 


J38 


STATE    OF   TENNESSEE. 


AGRICULTURE. 


48 
49 
SO 

ai 

S3 
53 
54 

:,j 

56 
57 
:,s 
59 
GO 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
- 

e 

81 
82 
63 
$4 

COUNTIES. 

J 

PRODUCED. 

o 

p 
,fi 

& 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

"Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

tk." 

o 

•3 

a 
n 
o 
p< 
&." 

_0 

a 

H 

o 

-3 

a 
EJ 
o 
Pi 

cT 

1 
A 
O 

*o 

| 

^ 

« 

*O 

J3 

1 
•a"  ,_: 

I  ° 

u 
H 

i 

5 

Bj 

jq 

1 

1 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

MeMinn                     

GO 

10 

1141 

1,133 

191 

119,081 
129  531 

1,846 
00 

2,007 
437 
679 
560 
1,960 
3,197 
317 
4,364 
2,130 

87 
22 

350 
289 
40 
150 
1,900 
800 
8 
115 
437 
131 
69 
468 

139 
130 
190 
331 
596 
1,171 
56 
51 
155 
226 
568 
71 
123 
732 
1,031 
25 
113 
2,  257 
168 
192 
103 
129 
4,023 
3,139 

36 

38 

$250 
190 
01 
3,991 

220,  735 
03,300 
12U,  956 
300,  437 
60,629 
103,310 
130,711 
44,  707 
142,  371 
87,  071 
54,528 
34,825 
81,  643 
52,992 
171,  342 
127,  123 
460,  770 
60,  462 
137,083 
22,  110 
176,  695 
159,  980 
72,  970 
139,  430 
265,  320 
124,  576 
37,  0)  1 
32,855 
81,  800 
189,  095 
110,  009 
128,  577 
70,  041 
90,  542 
330,  595 

22 
30 

era 

3 

0 
113 

700 
460 
1,249 
20 
340 
1,182 
752 
19,531 
2,937 
90 
21 
1,037 
58 
7,850 
3,860 
1,945 
331 
15 
323 
24,111 
57 
1,293 
10,  324 
11,423 
14,  7CO 
80 
50 

83G 
2,  328 
1,044 
175 
4,271 

0 

4 
31 
10 

Marshall 

38 
1  ,  240 
25 
258 
417 
242 
130, 
38 

46 
1 
136 

381 
17-1 
3D 
40 

55 

305 
763 
7,740 
1,315 
208 
30 
2,837 

13 
94 
21 
12 
32 

104 
137 
20 

1,  496 
244 
1,581 
190 
845 
430 
D20 
3,  IDS 
738 
360 
70 
1,391 
557 

432 
1,790 
229 
228 
953 
08 
1,132 
3,181 
715 
2,008 
59 
2,246 
85 
2,073 

2C8 
3 
5 

10 
7° 

Polk                      .     ... 

613 
3 

57 
512 
39 
1,030 

36 
17 
39 
119 
60 
1,794 
4 
148 
5 
33 
2 
20 
733 
49 
18 
7 

3 

8 
69 
HO 
11 

Ilhea 

32 
133 
20 
2,10.') 

15 

100 
463 
C83 

21 
15 
100 

Rutherford  

Scott    

18 

50 

3 

5 

Shelby  

11 
24 
10 

105,  507 
15 
DO 
115 
33,027 
1,713 
91 

05 
17 
39 
19 
15 
106 

Smith 

221 

15 

18 
1,309 
305 
5 

1,147 
411 
5,851 
1,900 

1,408 
805 
5,185 
3,819 
D29 
219 
38 
410 
6,140 
154 
400 
249 
1,  798 
8,690 

Stewart  

59 
1,449 
177 

100 

527 
204 

061 
518 
228 
5,347 
240 

20 
40 
993 

106 
328 

14 
696 

38 
393 

Washington  

f 
25 

15,446 
4,420 
6,870 
1,210 
1,863 
5,760 

30 

25 
34 

448 
204 

120 
163 
3,520 
1,058 

o 
2 
1 
119 

5 
23 
5 
34 

White  . 

[ 

1,848 

7,  !)21 

13 
70 
50 

455 
198 
1,221 

Total 

25,  1-14 

14,481 

305,003 

13,566 

303,  22G 

10,  017,  787 

135,  575 

143,  499 

8,  57S 

42,  113 

1,581 

STATE   OF   TENNESSEE. 


lo!) 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  Tnlneof. 

'- 
I 
.   1 
: 
; 
: 
i 
55 

.7 

59 

•  i 
•  : 

63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
• 
69 
70 
71 
78 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
S3 
83 
64 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bnsbcls  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  ponnds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  ponnds 
of. 

*d 
a 
p 

a 

p 

01 

O 

1 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

•a 

u 

S* 

II 

O 

I 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  ponnds  of. 

Honey,  ponnds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  viiluo  of. 

Bcw  rotted,  tons 
of. 

"Waterrotted.tons 
of. 

1 

S 
p. 

I| 

O 

5 

2,650 

66 

100 

5 

27  2.*2 
1,164 
20 
5,943 
3,905 
3,  752 
7,480 
24,  747 
10 
5,  193 
743 
587 
5,643 
0,  9  17 
04 
15  2*13 

774 
800 
703 
1,023 
2,783 
4,199 
91 
1,204 
742 
929 
1,271 
2,356 
966 
71 
1,555 
350 
1,306 
546 
461 
811 
1,  131 
404 
804 
3,771 
1,322 
1,891 
.892 
1,  105  , 
656 
414 

17,  168 
14,910 
14,  551 
12,  952 
44,771 
57,  918 
3,80-1 
14,  909 
6,788 
9,482 
21,713 
31,  040 
10,220 
3,084 
23,030. 
4,  493 
17,  765 
10,  678 
4,931 
12,  940 
14,  888 
4,715 
12,360 
48,  521 
11,928 
24,650 
34,  075 
15,  210 
10,  047 
6,043 
3,110 
22,162 
18,  442 
1,168 
18,  180 
9,  730 
45,122 

$33,  515 
41,384 
35,160 
22,  143 
65,  310 
03,477 
12,  749 
40,490 
10,719 
10,  213 
17,  705 
41,  403 
22,845 
14,  393 
39,220 
10,  437 
155,  707 
27,  137 
63,  754 
10,  805 
31,584 
9,232 
10,  421 
45,  710 
17,  529 
37,  294 
83,599 
20,401 
15,  135 
9,739 
29,020 
30,  0=6 
76,  881 
36,  2!>D 
1?,007 
18,829 
222,  236 

$173,  946 
187,  021 
260,  837 
69,383 
240,511 
554,5)0 
80,  775 
168,002 
24'!,  972 
32,080 
152,  158 
93,  240 
89,  523 
61,057 
80,571 
07,520 
235,847 
220,  454 
427,  Od7 
36,238 
80,  247 
24,  61/7 
187,  508 
209,  709 
117,  675 
137,833 
317,  058 
118,251 
57,660 
21,465 
It*,  551 
154,  075 
115,  235 
193,  807 
83,241 
233,037 
414,209 

40o 
115 

5 

8 

315 
145 

0 

495 
3 



3 

400 
25 
33 

2,115 
500 
1,928 

91 
10 
64 

140 
393 

1,000 

115 
354 
717 
8,057 
384 
10 
2  362 

i 

25 



105 

15 
16,031 

6 

6,384 

180 
4,848 
1,842 

1,770 
812 

o 

270 
27 
122 

7 

12  985 

20 

28,063 
275 
120 

955 

956 
112 
1,171 

5 

72 

3,522 
3,262 
219 

33 
93 

17 

3  029 

10 

471 

38,455 

2,  2-17 

15 

5 

54 
530 
13,  138 
2,170 

3 

105 
898 
26S 

616 
420 
12  531 

151 

109 
1,18:2 
8,761 
1,950 
76 
13,  075 
5,407 
9  250 

51 

1 

852 
89 

206 

1,801 

5 

8 

201 

5  220 

422 
9 
6 
466 

10 
41 
26 
16 

2,707 
592 
390 
1,130 
1  292 

32 

380 
177 
9,247 
70 
800 
1  625 
100 
375 

10 

1 

26,  898 
6,  172 
45 
14,  403 

519 

934 
1,3-11 
188  ' 
823 
1,010 
2,043 

520 
35 
840 

62 

65 

390 

1,040 

1,203 

164,  294 

9,362 

71 

115,620 

2,548 

74,  372 

2,830 

706,  663 

98,  892 

1,  519,  390 

3,174,977 

12,  430,  768 

140 


STATE   OF   TEXAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

I 

2 

3 

4 
5 
6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
23 
29 
30 
:; 
33 
33 
31 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
53 
53 
51 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
lil 
61 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  iu  farms. 

Unimproved,  iu  farms. 

Q 

d 

Asses  and  mulea. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

ft 
Z 

53,  139 
16,331 

3,  397 
58,  869 
1,461 

38,071 

498,  635 
123,  223 
80,  239 
751,  859 
2,464 
136,  122 

$1,T04,388 
409,  225 
91,  136 
3,  797,  883 
20,  550 
1,148,154 

$131,412 
34,  038 
7,168 
120,  793 
2,290 
59,  599 

2,  353 
1,302 
1,725 
5,  497 
115 
4,  442 

968 
234 
57 
1,  536 
1 
702 

8,956 
4,  612 
9,522 
16,  864 

716 
7,  296 

2,537 
1,208 
511 
5,  452 
180 
2,430 

22,  093 
12,737 
29,  020 
51,407 
1,398 
41,  207 

5,  115 
1,077 
1,452 
7,407 
1 
7,727 

1,155 
21,196 
13,  697 
6,414 
4s  953 
32,633 
37,  465 
14,  509 
91 
272 
23,838 
9,  069 
23,  498 
1,087 
15,957 
47,  902 
3,111 
59,  089 

79,  737 
441,  688 
162,  023 
88,  641 
43,  546 
180,  498 
1,  008,  906 
243,  942 
1,219 
1,059 
289,  485 
108,  499 
96,  605 
10,  960 
1,  696,  890 
195,  760 
229,  953 
247,  687 

142,  774 
1,  339,  192 
591,  706 
576,  303 
150,  417 
1,  250,  661 
4,  815,  COS 
1,371,702 
3,015 
3,  775 
1,  638,  600 
302,  289 
740,  022 
44,  400 
854,  845 
1,  209,  853 
275,  488 
1,261,459 

750 
65,  171 
12,  892 
13,  770 
9,801 
71,  800 
531,  717 
31,  472 
155 
1,300 
59,  517 
25,  892 
41,243 
2,875 
35,  261 
67,317 
15,  515 
99,  089 

2,282 
7,331 
4,  955 
1,432 
1,842 
1,124 
2,892 
358 
37 
01 
2,715 
2,080 
4,094 
107 
0,804 
1,  084 
1,  704 
2,882 

74 
040 
505 
84 
117 
872 
2,140 
289 
4 
3 
456 
304 
544 

1,330 
804 
71 
1,076 

1,548 
4,  158 
3,028 
4,179 
3,  098 
3,281 
3,  652 
308 
302 
1,313 
11,  807 
9,588 
6,780 
265 
17,  029 
3,406 
1,375 
5,874 

334 
2,132 
929 

868 

1,100 
1,414 
795 
28 
63 
2,031 
1,249 
1,  993 
68 
2,542 
1,192 
415 
2,300 

35,  370 
42,  037 
29,  725 
13,  1C5 
11,033 
7,  001 
60,  744 
1,358 
2,070 
2,  996 
30,  603 
20,  829 
20,  433 
5,  154 
37,  756 
6,901 
30,  000 
11,  473 

P70 
11,654 
9,  252 
19,  117 
5,836 
1,331 
2,0^8 
219 
40 
247 
6,788 
4,763 
6,381 
779 
20,  865 
3,610 
1,870 
7,  324 

Bell 

€  aid  well 

Cass         

Clay* 

Collehan* 

Collin 

38,  196 

216,  404 

2,  090,  058 

100,  115 

6,533 

557 

6,517 

2,998 

12,  899 

12,  366 

35,  1G8 
16,  543 
1,  880 

156,  074 
72,  968 
22,  850 

3,  066,  070 
501,  527 
49,  024 

212,  416 
41,853 
6,  173 

3,  385 
1,712 
430 

1,061 
210 
17 

5,  060 
8,  935 
2,  140 

2,  513 
2,873 
370 

14,  377 
14,  722 

6,  034 
4,  082 
978 

11,460 

8,949 
47,  905 

145,  103 

178,  398 
300,  281 

548,  601 
500,  593 
2,  342,  875 

34,  440 
27,  420 
130,  014 

2,  079 
8,349 
6,  397 

*       170 
140 
5S3 

6,524 
5,  084 
7,720 

1,242 
1,166 
3,359 

19.  764 
20,  285 
27,  705 

4,  730 
3,  833 
20,  974 

Coryell  

Dallas  



10,368 
34,  134 

85,  068 
337,  880 

532,  037 
1,  403,  556 

18,  485 
66,  880 

2,192 
5,702 

178 
956 

2,588 
10,  567 

831 
2,447 

20,  773 
47,  085 

8,706 
10,  847 

Do  Witt 

Duval* 

650 

16,  724 

18,  025 

2,885 

301 

3 

1,075 

96 

2,549 

330 

Kiiid  

23,  C36 
4,450 

163,  653 
7,150 

1,  050,  851 
103,  020 

70,  495 
11,307 

7,803 
617 

735 
969 

7,  604 
2,953 

3,101 
1,296 

51,761 
2,049 

17,  539 
7,  253 

El  Paso  .  .  .*.  

Erath    .... 

3,  556 
12,  047 
41,285 
75,  463 
28,  747 
41,  918 

33,  006 
60,  175 
204,  588 
514,  160 
114,  345 
240,  785 

101,  809 
482,  563 
1,508,806 
2,  518,  614 
3,  310,  820 
608,  371 

30,  050 
25,  274 
102,830 
163,  899 
129,  175 
71,720 

2,074 
2,801 
4,  773 
7,947 
2,341 
3,977 

57 
384 
638 
1,617 
1,231 
784 

9,414 
2,505 
6,465 
17,  209 
3,102 
5,  009 

1,093 
1,  257 
2,295 
5,133 
1,175 
2,680 

24,561 
25,053 
21,  835 
51,786 
61,  853 
19,290 

6,  017 
8,574 
8,458 
12,402 
840 
7,  697 

Falls  

Fayette 

Fort  Btud 

Frfo* 

2  2n6 
6,  645 
10,868 
40,613 
40,  775 
58,096 
42,  115 
200 

25,  600 
49,  026 
93,  918 
183,  631 
374,  420 
193,  834 
274,  795 
.1,510 

204,  495 
164,  695 
448,  010 
1,  377,  738 
2,041,180 
3,  043,  092 
1,  149,053 
0,  000 

0,  783 
34,  372 
32,  060 
91,  977 
93,  215 
95,  908 
07,  093 
190 

739 
1,002 
5,396 
8,881 
5,431 
6,206 
12,  932 
36 

88 
55 
485 
1,213 
649 
1,242 
1,  174 

1,347 
8,337 
4,748 
7,220 
9,  153 
0,  347 
19,922 
100 

140 
2,512 
1,128 
3,274 
3,000 
3,414 
2,011 
07 

12,  810 
17,  180 
66,  031 
79,  G57 
29,  827 
33,582 
47,  543 
496 

987 
4,940 
4,  185 
8,605 
11,  822 
18,  198 
7,576 
47 

Goliad 

Hurdumau*... 

STATE    OF   TEXAS. 


141 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

"3 
a 

3 

Ja 
1   e 

V 

p 

.2 

•o 

a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

•=  -g 
.  a 
a   » 

It 

1* 

O 

Wool,  pound*  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

.a 
p 

£ 
«      . 

si 

o    "* 

&, 

A 
JC 

Sweet  potatoes,  buih- 
c  1-  of. 

1 

3 
4 

5 

C 
7 
8 
9 

13 
13 

• 
15 
• 
17 
- 
- 
30 
81 

• 
25 
26 
27 

30 

1 
33 
34 
33 

. 

-e 

•> 

40 
II 
i 
: 
44 
45 
1 
41 
1 
: 
5C 

. 
. 

. 
: 
. 

' 

311,  300 
19,  7SG 
!>,  '-'70 

sn,m 

1,062 
17,750 

$025,  221 
208,  593 
284,  01)2 
1,112,967 
22,  648 
725,  402 

8,  057 
8,  730 

4,402 
1,  970 

376,  997 
149,418 
1,140 
400,800 

11,  362 

5,380 

•10 
900 

7,517 
3,066 

8,140 
4,418 
1,  940 
7,380 

12,093 
75 

3,230 
230 

38,886 
44,  717 

1,  503 

1,578 

2,418 

5,175 

19,020 

1,020 

9,809 

•JO    'Yj't 

7,826 

1,577 

165,736 

1,789 

4,888 

17,  342 

1,  157 

230 

9,201 

3,  1)7-) 
8,711 
5,  %1 
0,  2111 

:i,  :iu 

12,  819 
15,  (i74 
1,  170 
970 
1,270 
24,  563 
11,  Uili 
11,  -18.-) 
893 
1,975 

17,  i:w 

5,705 
30,  748 

284,  480 
767,  680 
464,  172 
350,683 
220,260 
321,  536 
923,1181 
370,  014 
20,782 
53,093 
600,  070 
431,280 
518,223 
43,  304 
594,  730 
358,  403 
268,  002 
629,  201 

5,650 
90,  612 
21,917 
12,  645 
25,656 
218,  289 
299,  820 
84,  270 

53 

514 
607 
118 
9 
6,874 
12,215 
2  209 

58 
11,925 
19,  142 
44,311 
7,811 
4,155 
5,  120 
11,000 

250 
0:.'7 
8,060 
580 
225 
23,815 
57,  239 
8,007 

26,609 
1,334 
2,355 
5,130 
2,238 
3 
377 

840 
310 
10 
148 
3!)8 

3,517 
165 

103 
554 

124 
304 

1,  7SO 

370 
3,202 
100 
516 

355 

7,907 
1,600 

3,824 
10,  840 
1,370 

890 
4,600 

1,129 

100 

143 
8,  852 
10,  206 
13,  393 

;,  i 

135,  631 
23,  908 
79,265 
3,925 
177  990 

515 
14,  520 
4,078 
11,  702 
2,600 
38,  085 
8,408 
1,280 
13,135 

6 

686 
173 
238 
160 
11,  062 
::>.,'- 
180 
6,125 

1 
9,  943 
2,297 
5,538 
1,150 
GO 
66,  935 
14,  424 
39,305 

410 
102 
407 

602 
376 
2,681 
50 

800 

4,418 
11 
2,668 
5 
7 
9,908 
40 
6,251 

1,017 

GOO 
870 
72 
3,588 
2,  124 
2,713 

9,896 

1,313 

281,  979 
33,  320 
496,  400 

6,966 

325 

7% 

21,097 

3,629 

11,509 

16 

120 

Il,li7ti 

824,  280 

137,  528 

1,  1G9 

231,  498 

129,463 

175 

16 

34,  119 

53 

178 

10,  043 

IS,  1'.I7 
3,  !>72 
4,  430 

592,  512 
324,  034 
130,  403 

1,  525 
11,901 
2,005 

909 
1,257 

204,  805 
20,010 
5,040 

1,405 
158 

1,500 
711 

14,  433 
1,220 
1 

2,090 
5,005 
3,829 

138 
370 

8 

1,824 

141 

18,950 
9,059 

8,204 
8,504 
10,113 

408,883 
332,  010 
987,  145 

12,  440 
18,  169 
194,264 

30 
1,739 
2,908 

68,385 
61,  399 
141,080 

14,  187 
1,  812 
122,  395 

30 

100 

58 
49 

9,121 
8,558 
28,463 

201 
491 

118 
123 
15 

3,857 

1,201 
5,081 

8,830 
10,  400 

388,  434 
721,  826 

31,  373 

76:) 

979 

37,  875 
167,  052 

19,881 
30 

100 
1,400 

2 
5,280 

22,589 
22,936 

371 
527 

10 
2,604 

3,354 
11,  306 

1,700 

52,867 

1,535 

4,780 

70 

200 

15 

10,  047 
1,319 

1,  053,  059 
278,  991 

88,345 
16,889 

4,611 
17,  994. 

119,  918 
12,  339 

31,591 

25 

COO 

359 

42,  126 
1,052 

708 
2,330 

149 

4,928 

0,  818 
8,318 
17,533 
21,  O-.'l 
11,803 
24,  482 

412,  672 
432,  296 
650,  885 
1,  107,  731 
625,  000 
574,  294 

5,134 
3,772 
115,  476 
3,484 

235 
738 
179 
1,058 

21,  896 
96,505 
281,  283 
320,  580 
230  403 

1,645 
1,430 
85,  211 
3,805 

80 

57 
2,030 
1,499 

12,683 
13,602 
6,913 

9,141 
17,  SCO 
20,489 
17,903 
500 
20,701 

731 
100 
470 
09 
86 
5,088 

132 
304 
415 
7-3 
3,  7  10 
1,250 

9,183 
5,195 
13,064 
4,077 
23,925 
26,170 

10,  784 

3,458 

241),  585 

0,187 

15 

4,520 

91)7 
8,  POO 
C.  225 
25,  202 
10,  7;  U 
18,  510 
13,871 
182 

145,  8G5 
313,  990 
004,  498 
1,  039,  239 
859,  186 
706,  730 
895,  722 
6,  200 

7,770 
10,  237 
74,550 
151,407 
217,  522 
370,  425 
34,  134 
1,  850 

50 

95 
10 
1,225 
7,304 
220 
18,303 
3,  124 

1,250 
5,130 
500 
8,004 
22,  937 
43,672 
17,  433 
140 

871 
11 
191 
2,812 
3,995 
98 
433 

2,230 
4 
539 
100 
1,072 
4,577 
• 

12,425 
3,954 
5,755 
5,55? 
23,263 
45,  456 
3,519 

18,136 

20 

1,023 
80,  862 
255 
11,730 
I,0d5 

50 
119,  975 

1,831 
307 

2,015 
2,540 

30 

1 

142 


STATE    OF   TEXAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

o 

1 

a 
X 

I 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese  pounds  of. 

VM 
O 

3 

2 

& 

lj 

•s 

3 
P 

1     = 

\* 
_O 

5 

"o 

a 

p 

£> 

t's 
i 

C3 
E 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

612 

11 

$245 

22 

142,  919 

53,  171 
25,955 
132,  081 

163 
1,000 
1,650 
2,421 

1,101 

3 

2 
364 

251 

36 

1,255 

908 

$7,  083 

7 

5 

20 

35 

51,828 

D     1     * 

Bcs 

3,640 
65,  425 
72,389 

Bell  

21 
32 

100 

1,371 
1,020 

8,005 

40 

313 

198 

1 

SCO 
5 

20,  800 
57,  1S6 
25,  125 

525 
403 

10 
o 

592 

7 
20 

2,885 

10 

20 

ICO 

3,007 
7,500 
67,  860 
58,  134 
97,  778 
955 
4,  135 
96,  154 

348 
1,915 
1,455 
2,  545 
2,552 

40 

4 

40 

2 
o 

90 

o 

59 

Cal  dwell 

70 
850 

40 

1 

3,700 
1,  940 

1 

9 

1,450 
580 

249 

10 

3,991 

2 

Chambers 

Cherokee 

52° 

710 

128,  876 

475 

Clay* 

Collin 

4,430 

188,  534 

4,  191 

437 

1 

1,  029 

45 

443 

274 

59,  637 
96,  796 
20,  639 

157 
166 

1,000 

188 

1,869 

405 
2,175 

10 

Concho*. 

_ 

Cook 

442 
33 
14,385 

8 
50 

39,  340 
58,645 
186,  095 

1,445 
1,  013 
7,180 

3 
36 
193 

o 
0 

Coryell  

6 

335 

200 

9 
675 

Dallas 

Dentvjn 

157 

10 
47 

42  405 

2,240 
1,012 

» 

Do  Witt  

1,240 

108 

78,  006 

144 

8 

16 

jjuval* 

6,305 

100 

Ellis... 

10,046 

248 

1 

40 
75 

75 
4,325 

131,  000 
6,135 

5,155 
143,  735 

3 
5 

20 

El  Paso 

80 

3 

Ensiual*  

Enith  - 

645 
1!) 

150 

15 

73,  370 
34,  640 
95,  105 
80,411 
23,  570 
128,  281 

4,295 
1,  350 
3,475 
730 

50 

Falls  .... 

215 
40 

5 
101 
35 
22 

14 

Fuyc-tto  

87 

107 

315 
50 
109 

55C 
350 

10 

Fort  Bend 

1,246 

1,210 

1,370 

Frio*  

16 

8 

18,  150 
366 

3,  779 
38,  965 
42,530 
132,  588 
174,675 
61,825 
110,  353 
2,000 

1,800 

282 
3 
178 

Goliad  

295 

350 
4,546 

3,155 
1,700 
5,541 
225 

96 
2,506 

301 

1,005 

5 
90 

203 

235 
150 
862 

1,422 

42 

1,310 

77 

558 

30 

1,487 

Ilardeinau"... 

STATE    OF   TEXAS. 


143 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

U 

0 
8 
3 

1 

• 

3 

M 
S 

a 

• 

I 

"a 

i 
: 
3 
; 
. 
• 
, 
• 
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11 
13 

13 
14 
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16 
17 
18 
19 
SO 
21 
. 

23 
84 

• 
. 
27 
- 
29 
30 
11 
33 

: 
34 

36 
37 
38 
SB 
40 
41 
43 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
9 
51 
93 
S3 
54 
!  , 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 

n 

HIM?. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

o 

iB 

& 

if 

£ 

"O*" 

1 

s 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

•3 
ta 

h 

c    a 

a  s 

o 

s 

o 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

c 
fl 

C 

L 

rf 
• 

i 

H 

*o 

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a 

x 

1 

s 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  vulue  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

'NVaterrotted.tons 
of. 

1 

& 

£   d 
o-  B 

<u 
^  -a 

| 

0 

891 
CO 

105 
504 

c,  !>.-,.-> 

14,207 
50 
7,  1S8 

$15,  594 
17,017 
5,  .110 
930 

$129,  186 
60,  134 
17,  148 
115,703 
1,  I'.'V 
53,075 

10 

801 

50 

1,000 

800 

C,  ilO 
34,  I'M 
20,  O7'.l 
8,5:0 
9,  2:,8 
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4,109 
200 

543 

19,  140 
40 

2,  C09 

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100 

57.") 
30 

CO 
8,350 
150 

- 
5,302 

49 
340,  G40 

3,856 

107 

405 
00 
4B9 
12.830 

1,  183 
0,945 
41  2C5 

35,  147 
8.-.0 
49,  %5 
77,533 
11,  CM 
118,741 

20 
213 
1,  244 
621 

4,  3!>0 
17,  517 
1,450 

888 

580 
CO 

l,  8:i5 

11,  7.KI 

211 

550 
070 

9,325 

200 

1,148 

23,004 

10,439 

12,097 

1,502 

49,  459 

14,  203 

90,202 

500 
C.254 

00,281 
19,048 
9,377 

1,081 
271 

549 

520 

• 

300 

2,  G48 
2,489 

00 
4% 
£5 

1,830 
14,  700 
40,  870 

5,286 
5,  575 
15,  191 

35,851 
23,  377 
78,036 

18 

12  521 

5S8 

400 

53 
35 

1,  525 
910 

0,843 
150 

27,  797 
53,403 

83 

i 

CO 

515 

5,700 

35 

5,001 

1,455 

28,013 

11,312 
485 

00,583 
39,489 

572 
1,181 
12,909 

202 
147 
1,401 
87 
10 
258 

O    {JV> 

2,079 
24,  313 
1,000 
30 
7,275 

13,029 

5:8 

12,  713 

8 

40,530 
33,779 
84,  510 
104.  --31 
39.353 
78,929 

'.I 

130 
4,500 

450 

1,  700 

5,350 

4,  12U 
10,  191 
30,205 
75,  7C2 
95,  715 
91,  607 
46,  716 
i 

550 

100 

199 
18,010 
2,943 
15,  909 

25 

170 

25 

8 

580 

14,038 

1,204 
280 
101 

18,  390 
3,050 
2,743 
700 

124 
CO 

1,778 
80 

144 


STATE    OF   TEXAS. 


A  G  II I  C  U  L  T  U  R  E . 


63 

Gl 
63 

6(1 
67 
68 
C!) 
70 
71 
73 
73 
7-1 
75 
7fi 
77 
78 
70 
80 

8i 

S3 
83 
84 
8.-) 

so 

87 
88 
89 
80 
<)) 
92 
93 
0-1 
05 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
10? 
103 
104 
105 
100 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
115 
110 
117 
118 
119 
120 

121 

122 
133 

124  ! 

I 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Fanninp  implements  nnd  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE   STOCK. 

| 

E 

c 
t, 
& 
B 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

1 
o 

Afscy  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

c, 

ft 
& 

2,  388 
4,  8li7 
117,847 
10,077 

14,882 
44,  122 
270,  1173 
20,  717 

$05,  007 
478,115 
2,  COS,  809 
324,  507 

<M,  723 
15,  071 
137.  .r>36 
8,  230 

320 
1,025 
1,785 
3,129 

15 
120 
2,590 
371 

701 
1,517 
4,  945 
3,313 

180 
385 
1,  539 
1,028 

3.  361 
10,029 
12,471 
14,  633 

215 
1.210 
6,  497 
4,  533 

Haukt'll*  

19,  003 
4,  947 
13,601 

29,  fl:)8 

3!),  952 
10,  083 
9L1 
23,  240 
19,  020 
671 
8,644 

137,365 

451),  005 
183,472 
195,  G96 
247,  384 
118,417 
C,  759 
293,  105 
250,  101 
17,  830 
112,  184 

4E8.041 
317,  750 
687,  253 
890,  977 
1,154,435 
634,  699 
23,  770 
1,  137,  864 
732,  120 
14,  955 
415,848 

37,  148 
13,  320 
42,  850 
62,  581 
115,  131 
45,  709 
3,  ICO 
41,857 
34,  301 
2,707 
34,039 

1,026 
870 
5,  702 
3,  582 
2,  500 
3,221 
180 
3,112 
930 
56 
3,000 

303 
310 
155 
406 
747 
299 
7 
536 
232 
17 
232 

2,701 
3,  462 
8,318 
6,  722 
5,  089 
6,  003 
729 
3,  500 
2,  380 
458 
4,520 

1,  23(i 
825 
1,613 
1,009 
2,  140 
1,617 
182 
1,008 
766 
112 
1,078 

7,716 
0,408 
20,  004 
21,867 
23,  792 
21,  G23 
4,805 
75,863 
5,  377 
13,754 
11,810 

1,609 
3,  900 
12,738 
36,  198 
1,260 
11,024 
493 
1,  505 
1,  549 
308 
9,990 

Hidalgo  

Hill 

Hopkins 

Houston 

Hunt 

Jack 

4,  9C2 
12,  979 
2,201 

39,117 
110,370 
23  39G 

137,  132 
474,  087 
82,910 

7,499 
38,  281 
0,  755 

6,249 
3,283 
107 

339 
338 
10 

2,  945 
7,072 
1,  029 

800 
1,  331 
338 

49,  712 
'  17.  370 
2,824 

9,  851 

1.  100 

Kimble*  

97 

3,  350 

535 

15 

301 

30 

•    454 

1,400 

32,  900 
2,707 

197,  795 
28,229 

1,  753,  530 
111,701 

76,  583 
12,  074 

2,070 
941 

635 
20 

C,  300 
4,  207 

1,941 
C02 

20,415 
8,434 

12,  703 
2,551 

25,  804 
30,  890 
10,  914 
18,  582 
1,287 
,      2,  330 
9,  172 
23,  340 
904 
21,290 

209,115 
189,  C21 
242,  759 
95,  804 
85,  142 
50,  744 
57,  929 
97,  424 
24,  509 
137,  505 

1,  328,  798 
899,  947 
751,  C45 
603,  457 
97,  491 
93,  258 
272,  035 
359,  G35 
39,  310 
1,414,800 

51,  957 
65,  048 
40,011 
39,  351 
1,928 
8,654 
8,  053 
27,015 
7,000 
89,  745 

5,071 
2,065 
2,907 
3,984 
1,  1)95 
1,448 
1,753 
403 
200 
1,114 

547 
703 
176 
3C9 
29 
29 
343 
399 
15 
899 

10,717 
7,  820 
3,  100 
4,  2ut 
2,  4-1 
9,  450 
2,531 
1,150 
3,  203 
1,330 

3,017 
2,  192 
870 
1,  080 
141 
55-1 
1,031 
437 
413 
683 

48,  368 
19,  141 
43,  297 
36,  610 
23,241 
21,344 
10,  ]  10 
3,  105 
0,  337 
37,922 

4,677 
3,  520 
1,201 
20,  590 
1.103 
1,493 
4,  187 
715 
2,  337 
4,  748 

Liberty 

Live  Oak 

20,  006 

100,  942 

1,  350,  268 

59,  063 

7,001 

785 

8,068 

2,  024 

38,  009 

21,  890 

Mi'Mulleu*  .... 

Medina 

8,  102 

35,  C55 

105,  007 

18,  798 

583 

52 

6,  73U 

1,441 

14,  526 

574 

Milam  

19,  542 

c:i8 

24,  408  ' 
40,  049 
31,710 
12,  143 

O    I")'1*) 

2,079 
4,  000 
48,  977 
12,  095 
35,  0!!8 

209,  898 
11,034 
158,  190 
203,  145 
3G5,  507 
170,  179 
447,  800 
19,387 
22,  138 
188,  385 
90,  736 
384,  698 

1,  142,  767 
25,  395 
543,  104 
1,  100,470 
.    1,374,245 
552,  081 
429,  582 
24,  598 
53,  095 
1,358,354 
207,  456 
2,  403,  889 

69,  598 
1,801 
22,406 
84,  823 
70,  197 
27,512 
4,715 
4,114 
13,084 
69,  030 
8,971 
95,  617 

684 
92 
1,338 
2,417 
6,289 
711 
6,772 
62 
1,057 
1.  305 
2,481 
1,082 

239 
1 
828 
791 
897 
206 
2G7 
42 
70 
1,  033 
154 
984 

10,  316 
579 
2,717 
5,181 
7,  000 
2,240 
2,  895 
532 
8,306 
3,672 
3,419 
5,313 

1,  625 
108 
1,685 
2,175 
2,  004 

585 
108 
592 
1,070 
1,  360 
1,511 

20,  099 
867 

10,487 
13,432 
49,  905 
4,591 
56,  018 
4,244 
15,  397 
8,124 
14,  142 
12,723 

7,920 
151 
2,496 
3,  956 
18,314 
1,284 
32,  049 
377 
3,205 
3,  338 
4,080 
2,  523 

Palo  Pinto  

Polk 

Presidio*  

Red  Rivrr  

42,277 
5,210 
22,149 

214,  747 
385,639 
204,  253 

1,  594,  258 
758,  051 
1,010,210 

121,  446 
5,635 
44,  587 

2,482 
4,  730 
2,653 

1,136 
857 
552 

4,586 
1,  983 
4,  600 

1,713 
491 
1,747 

13,  438 
153,  758 
33,  945 

4,  487 
3,961 
26,  515 

Ki'fugio 

Rusk  

100,  037 
13,  027 

22.  972 

400,  051 
79,  877 
103.251 

2,  5.'I8,  442 
245,  347 
472.  002 

133,  786 
23,  G7H 
45.  037 

2,512 

527 
1.018 

2,046 
223 
441   i 

6,  075 

1.217 
2.  122 

2,142 
583 

873 

13,019 
3,529 
5.  730 

7,  395 
738 
1.  600 

San  Auimstiue... 

STATE    OF   TEXAS. 


145 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

i 
f 

w 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 



,£J 

a 

£3 

^ 

fi 

g 
a 

•5 

Oatfi,  bushels  ol 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  IDS.  eiu-h. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  und  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

.a 
I 

£  *o 
E.  ^ 

M 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

ia 

64 

K 
66 
07 
CE 
69 
71 
71 

r. 
7; 

74 
71 

7( 

r 

7f 

8( 
8 
8! 
K 
& 
8. 

« 
tf 
• 
s 
« 
9 
9! 
g; 
1 

91 

•10 

. 

11 

• 
1 

3,  528 
4,019 
30,  n-3 
2,  56u 

$78,  G67 
149,  353 
715,  639 
278,426 

5 

5,582 
9 

18,187 
44,728 
6«0,  043 
50,345 

30 
30 
53,809 
20 

1,520 

270 

208 
425 
21,440 
1,  154 

721 
2,  613 
14,  318 
2,380 

954 
133 

23,874 
59 

207 

2,  5'  17 
10,  047 

9,742 
12,413 
121,403 

.. 

14,  210 
1,203 

.17,  876 
2-25 
G,  643 
22.530 

20,  2ir> 

11,825 
1,973 
8,  '.137 
11,337 

8,  710 

7,  503 

260,189 
109.  7C5 
593,  154 
757,  010 
573,  745 
509,508 
76,  785 
570,  715 
183,599 
121,585 
387,330 

2,791 

1,292 

144,  065 
86,250 
57,222 
197,  203 
311,030 
106,  543 
3,100 
74,100 
112,360 
14,653 
78,  (.64 

3,335 

100 

2,105 

2,  895 
10,900 
15,902 
127,  961 
3       :, 
28,600 
2,957 
1,706 
2,758 
378 
20,381 

1,286 
5,089 
4.  VI 
4,  833 
4,  023 
515 
5 
478 
8,995 
601 
530 

MO 

1C,  137 

24,  997 
48,  344 
397 
42,  291 
2,850 
36 
684 

1,443 
173 
925 
US 

30 

10,496 
22,582 
3,634 
20,  395 
460 

25 

171 
856 
7,321 
22 

95 
2,912 
1,441 
234 

2,  156 

23,  794 
27,  115 
10,  3U8 
1.417 
16,  G28 
43,030 
8,064 
3.718 

1,000 
349 
130 

10 

460 
14,500 
170 
11,570 

2,278 
3,  792 
8-1 
34G 

2,  217 
418 
515 
781 

30 

688 

73 

44,  604 

617 

13,  036 

4,781 
12,231 
1,163 

629,  197 
459,  202 
58,  150 

10 
250 

37,  965 
88,034 
799 

227 
381 

6,  5GG 
10,  193 
2,547 

42 
20 
14 

30 
189 

480 
4,275 
98 

21,583 
99 

11,876 

24 

8,255 

3,600 

22,788 
7,828 

604,509 
183,  933 

20,  426 
5,916 

260 

320,  286 
5,891 

36,  845 
359 

460 

4,  191 
15 

35,083 
2,  575 

3,896 

2,  484 

20,230 
125 

14,  842 
23,563 
J7,  325 
15,  539 
3,  142 
14,  852 
9,516 
16,  426 
3,  679 
G,  461 

567,  152 
432,  635 
458,248 
652  715 
219,  105 
332,  236 
294,800 
111,  157 
114,  247 
374,  270 

290 
323 

30 
2,  3  17 

158,  710 
205,  527 
87,557 
183,  740 

5,  828 
6,675 
1,565 
1,303 

40 
12,  150 
800 
59,313 
280 
1,  5.W 
8,961 
795 
1,250 
12,  790 

ino 

1,792 

1,715 
737 

3,080 
31,201 
14,284 
9,  493 

1,970 

6,247 
1,145 
2,209 

10,  129 

8,305 

6,940 

125 
61 
1,944 

790 
65,225 
113,  105 
165 
144,  425 

•        15 
483 
4,974 

95 

115 
5,512 
17,405 
80 
35,000 

1,436 
973 

1,436 
3,708 

3G7 
175 

6,783 

1,050 

8,454 

105 

506 

i 

15,  321 

916,  844 

39,238 

1,352 

187,869 

11,  430 

2,329 

3G,  997 

681 

240 

4,  099 

2,372 

201,  596 

4 

17,  80G 
940 
11,  339 
20,  030 
19,  593 
8,335 
605 
2,  86-3 
6,  1176 
16,  XX 
8,355 
20,015 

420,  473 
26,508 
371,511 
485,  365 
922,536 
ICG,  022 
612,394 
52  111 

7,995 

.  51 

112,  430 
4,  445 
411,865 
373,211 
173,  718 
78,923 
1,630 
17,292 
9,630 
327,250 
79,  048 
294,355 

534 

2,238 

11,  7G7 
125 
3,685 
8,  97n 
32,163 
2,451 
39,600 
672 
6,337 
9,585 

250 

140 

2,301 

20 
8,103 
12,600 
30 

8,030 
5,954 
2,329 
2,091 
39 
251 
17 
8,271 

804 
6,208 
415 
10,326 
105 
933 
197 
17,  160 
883 
21,888 

1,501 
3,831 
20 
717 
560 
794 
143 
8,  103 
1,140 
103 

24,295 
38,416 
12,  529 
31,533 

5,624 
23,  052 
156 

2,  270 
3,738 
20 

30 

*    2,415 

890 

25,205 

184 
1,325 
14,390 
18,648 
1,046 

600 

20 

8,349 
1,053 

59,904 
7,082 
43,434 

350,  992 
417,426 
380,241 
461,  373 

3,717 
3,914 
21,  980 
59 

90 
711 
50 
117 

5,837 

107 

910 

9,307 

1,905 

22,449 
3,  !>64 
10,003 

471,407 
929,  820 
574,  984 

25,340 
1,  272 

578 
1,128 

294,615 
29,115 
141,439 

17,415 

4,558 

7,970 
230 
6,467 

9,517 
200 
59,715 

2,357 

1,303 
15 
1.470 

25,065 
2,040 
11,425 

510 

| 

34,565 
6,672 
8,966 

750,  118 
130,  497 
207,  253 

17,  070 
610 
5,122 

5,287 
97 
93 

653,563 

87,  524 
144,206 

27,783 
1,140 
7,370 

300 
20,840 
40 

450 
455 
300 

11,  791 
2,  125 
31,342 

10,531 
1,982 
3,900 

17,300 
1,013 
5,666 

8,923 
1,116 
1,322 

68,285 
16,709 
17,328 

146 


STATE    OF    TEXAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


63 

04 
65 
66 
C7 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
83 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 

or, 

97 
98 
99 

inn 

101 
102 

103 

104 
J05 
101] 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
115 
116 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wiue,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

a 
o 

>, 
• 
W 

V 

,a 

s 

,Q 

1  ° 

o 

G 

1 

S 

.a 

•S-S 

£  ° 

a 
5 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

$449 
3,980 
7,805 

3,  148 
3,450 
91,  729 
31,  200 

197 

65 
46 
4 

$100 
137 

92 

355 
7 

469 
920 

1 

Ha   s 

o 

°0 

llaskell* 

8 

72,  665 

1,251 

2 

Hill 

2,286 
2,132 
1,033 
1,280 
45 

230 
60 
7 

38,  595 
120,  300 
107,  471 
98,  2SO 
10,410 
24,  043 
13,  442 
3,  449 
48,  305 

3,005 
6,187 
253 
4,  960 
965 
160 

14 
131 

210 

50 

20 
7 
24 
3 
149 

15 

2 

100 

380 

ICO 

°07 

Jackson 

20 

909 

99 

GO 

435 

291 

15 

158 
28 

76 
29 

2,490 

32 

3,  ICO 

270 

58 

75 

24,600 
74,  515 
13,  570 

°30 

K-mfman 

442 

8,566 
850 

20 
24 

Kirable* 



803 

30 

1,676 

230 

107,  712 
13,  590 

1,934 
100 

325 

255 



4C2 

20  6G1 

123 

100,  025 
11,  550 
60,  440 

1,175 

1,250 

818 

50 

447 

100 

5 

20 

200 
£3,  380 
1,279 

1,800 
1,500 

13 

625 

6 

300 

1,630 

950 

60 

602 

132 

155 

84,419 

2,503 

3 

Me  Mullen* 

1,105 

19 

320 

72,  475 

430 

20,  142 



1,496 
2,539 

150 
34 

•    3 

£27 
15 

100 

116,  570 
79,  786 
20,  101 
2,104 
5,400 
24,065 
88,  493 
49,311 
5,  417 

531 
1,040 
230 

2 

77 



103 

20 
12 
435 

446 
500 

82 
3 
1,  158 
05 

Palo  Pinto 

149 

3,  830 
40 
1,320 

25 
15 
11 

Polk 

Presidio* 

2,183 

156 

351 

50 

185 

58,  647 
5,155 

590 

898 

R«>fii  no 

150 

IvTKk 

179 

10 

50 

1,163 

195,  345 
14,  968 
48,653 

40 

100 

Sim  Augustine.  .  . 

5 

STATE    OF   TEXAS 


M7 


AGEICULTUEE. 


PRODUCED. 

c 

tt 

•3 

i 

o 
jft 
H 

5 

12 
3 

63 

•  : 

66 
67 
68 
69 
'. 
71 
72 
73 
74 

76 

78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
90 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
106 
107 
108 
109 
111) 
111 
12 
113 
114 
115 
110 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 

II  KMT. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxsccd,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

•o 

a 

1 

ti    O 

& 

o 
a 

Cane  pupar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

t 

oc" 

1  1 

a 

5 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufacturer,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,tons 
of. 

4 

a 

6 

2 

480 

87 

2,571 
1IW 
9,859 

IS,  141 

$9,013 
12,  645 
163,  851 
10,  975 

4 

20 

613 

7,127 

1,491 

378 

13,  715 

8,  432 

44,  699 
10,965 
34,911 
89,  442 
122,  829 
47,  056 
3,847 
23,655 
38,633 
7,000 
49,  044 

3,  0114 
2,409 

80 
861 
454 
216 
0 
71 

1,845 
10,  042 
9,145 
1,485 
150 
1,260 
150 
2,  247 
2,086 

2,120 
14,  334 
26,260 
14,  828 
451 
1,  430 
275 
623 
6,737 

! 

25 

4,646 
321 

11 
23 

1,265 
2,681 

88 
08 

20 

3,700 

27,438 
34,  1  18 
5,218 

2,  423 

620 
52 

13,  077 
310 

0,  043 
4,080 

4,777 
470 

1,113 

14,  529 
821 

16,  797 
137 

78,  972 
8,977 

1,  045 
1,125 
50 

10,  493 
4,000 
350 

1,  343 

71,  Sill 
27,828 
51,040 
4,586 

1 

3 

400 

692 

4,705 

21,086 
500 

30 

780 

507 

16,  610 

300 

31,300 

2,531 

170 

4,337 

2,657 

77,  308 

8,853 

715 

55 

9,100 

1,445 

41,938 

600 
23,  628 
700 
850 
60 
3,866 
1,566 
8,763 
1,055 

31,  969 
117,  671 
60,432 
23,647  i 
19,  006 
7,689 
14,  248 
80,483 
36,287 
62,004 

10 

1 

320 
652 

1,488 
55 
48 
50 
217 
155 
452 
70 

18,  239 
4,750 
60 

1 

889 

20 

4,060 

78 
2,  638 
81,376 
5,928 
290 

471 

6,179 

195 

2  822 

16,  6!I3 

77,  736 
16,  901 

43 

215 
557 
9.6 

16,  390 
10,  594 

515 

22,  185 
3,428 
4,483 

183,028 
22,  8fi3 
40,920  '. 

100 

70 

148 


STATE    OF   TEXAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


125 
ISC 
127 
138 
129 
130 
131 
132 
133 
134 
135 
136 
137 
138 
139 
140 
141 
142 
143 
144 
145 
146 
147 
148 
149 
150 
151 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OP  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Fanning  implements  nnd  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

1 
o 

Asses  and  mules. 

| 

O 

id 

a 

a 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

d, 

JS 

X 

1,718 
1,210 
50 
28,072 
82,  043 
6,628 

147,  575 
47,  249 
910 
168,011 
286,  503 
276,  909 

$181,  193 
145,  807 
500 
3C8,  918 
1,843,826 
117,  875 

$3,615 
9,  588 
1S5 
63,  SCO 
140,  486 
1,476 

1,804 

538 
g 

1,279 
2,298 
540 

142 
17 

2,900 
6,035 
23 
3,104 
5,795 
1,154 

175 
450 
8 
1,337 

2,51)0 
380 

48,  151 
13,  482 
37 
6,809 

14,710 
3,485 

3,047 
2,  303 
21 
2,  794 

5,888 
19,  142 

Shackleford  

Shelby  

503 
1,391 
23 

Ttirram*  

Taylor*  

Throckmorton*  

Titus 

45,  791 
44,  609 
11,  872 
17,234 
65,  690 
921 
9,870 
31,  495 
37,587 
76,328 
45 
23,  239 
21,  185 
4,211 
l.r>,  144 
1,685 
1,108 

220,  071 
1,318,947 
50,452 
111,045 
255,  283 
0,989 
77,  342 
144,  594 
146,  357 
288,  597 
2,000 
109,  446 
205,  942 
24,098 
84,820 
11,171 
4,435 

1,  418,  531 
2,  305,  038 
281,239 
559,  119 
1,734,452 
34,  616 
273,  041 
967,  414 
1,  525,  411 
4,  313,  993 
700 
1,816,560 
633,  418 
138,  870 
481,879 
27,290 
5,750 

87,  212 

2,382 
8,732 
948 
970 
2,097 
101 
1,075 
4,024 
1,  510 
4,030 
14 
3,  533 
9,020 
1,079 
920 
85 
118 

780 
1,  133 
443 
315 
1,250 
3 
251 
908 
1,028 
1,831 

5,278 
12,011 
2,  294 
2,500 
4,073 
2,  471 
3,503 
3,457 
3,  407 
11,  584 

1,095 
3,  957 
1,  030 
1,  072 
2,231 
139 
1,353 
994 
2,  001  _ 
4,937 
20 
1,715 
2,  31)0 
404 
807 
199 
230 

13,  183 
46,581 
10,  359 
0,  850 
10,  8% 
3,740 
8,937 
39,287 
13,771 
35,  400 

7,147 
11,887 
1,405 
1,  975 
3,  613 
409 
4,413 
1,401 
2.  590 
20,502 

Trinity  

8,  705 
30,055 
92,  915 
2,510 
28,  714 
48,  405 
59,  092 
198,  553 
30 
97,  905 
57,810 
14,  425 
36,450 
3,205 
473 

Tyler  

Uvalde 

Walker 

Webb  

1,278 
717 
33 
297 
15 
1 

2,  295 
14,  800 

21,  187 
38,  114 
8,  136 
0,772 
4,517 

518 
10,  952 
3,818 
3,050 
5!) 

Wood  

2,  503 
300 

Zavola*  

Total 

2,  650,  781 

22,  093,  247 

88,  101,  320 

6,  259,  452 

325,  098 

63,334 

601,540 

172,  492 

2,  701,  736 

753,  303 

*  No  returns. 


STATE    OF   TKXAS. 


149 


AGRICULTUKE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

4J 
fl 

n 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

"o 
& 

o" 
K 

41 

P 

1° 
1 

Oats,  bushels  ot 

o 

o 
pi 

s 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

a   ^ 

O     j 

"c  ^ 

Ji 

p  *o 

5 

70  spunod  '[oo^\v 

Peas  and  heanB,  bush- 
ela  of. 

i 
& 

I     0 

'c    ° 

A 
JS 

'C 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush- 
flu  of. 

128 
127 

134 

136 

. 

'  ; 
i  • 
1 
; 

. 
146 

151 

2,498 
12,  101 
53 
12.304 
34,003 
188 

$135,005 
234,417 
900 
303,  704 
590,  997 
68,280 

475 
1,865 
KK) 
107,  475 
605,326 
2,  016 

6,440 
4,159 

200 

500 
220 

1,001 
210 
2,313 
25,  452 

12 

200 

18,933 

3 

57 
4,072 
9,763 

20 
253 
2,350 

1,  555 
225 

7,408 
14,  612 
38,924 

6,346 
19,  18S) 

3,  937 
7,408 

44,388 
66,981 

20 

22,075 
8,252 
13,  802 
13,605 
24,810 
1,275 
11,618 
6,011 
15,317 
27,  000 

557,  993 
1,071,  130 
176,  570 
254,  540 
533,802 
53,  692 
218,  130 
534,  314 
420,  871 
1,001,077 
010 
384,  485 
823,  C53 
181,  160 
220,  123 
41,510 
6,0-18 

10,  812 
27,974 
330 

173 
7,316 

2,  515 

1,440 

326,  385 
137,  783 
94,834 
133,  508 
404,348 

10,  593 
100 
2,530 
0,978 

61 

5,  129 
2,899 
2,  SMS 
3,907 
7,905 

22,481 
23,407 
3,  312 

2,401 
348 

15,062 
842 
5,905 
21,494 

4,261 
905 
3,619 
17,322 
130 

46,165 
8,  932 
23,710 
42,  096 
58,331 

210 
£70 

109 
1,523 

940 

4,  944 
636 

1,  5O> 
4,  550 

1,586 
12 

90 
2,241 

78,  305 
129,  570 
.315,328 
541,139 

4,  130 

35 

1,283 

654 
2,  212 

7,870 
800 
3,978 
30,  542 
8,  150 
1,  100 
32,  994 
12,  255 
9,281 

4-13 
1,  394 
1,102 

1,412 
1,911 

1,  902 
4,811 

8,  896 
12,  0-15 
40,  172 
13,  779 

2,350 
2,  4-10 

23  221 

12,363 
11,073 
5,  895 
12,  009 
1,189 

1,400 
03,  263 
13,  521 
9,377 
2UO 

194,  100 
7-',  095 
22,760 
130,  188 
7.  280 
5,450 

80 
5,509 
3  977 

11,495 
271 

181 
37 
680 
3,  61  1 
29 

1,  124 
54 

28,291 
1,  953 
1,842 
19,613 

198 

593 
3 
1,000 

3  073 

435 

1,108 

1,849 
6 

475 

24  075 

1,371,532 

42,825,447 

1,478,345 

111,860 

16,  500,  702 

985,  889 

26,031 

97,  914 

431,  463 

1,  493,  738 

341,961 

174,  182 

1,  846,  612 

150 


STATE    OF   TEXAS. 


AGRICULTURE. 


125 
120 
127 
128 
129 
130 
131 
132 
133 
134 
135 
130 
137 
)38 
139 
140 
141 
142 
143 
144 
145 
146 
147 
148 
14'J 
150 
151 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

o 

a 
ft 

a 
H 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Cutter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 
a 

H 

!° 

0 

o 

5 

a 
O 

o 

o 

450 
450 
400 
77,  745 
123,  200 

San  S-ilm 

200 

20 
707 

$225 

13 

20 

20 

453 

4,033 

55 

4,548 
130 

20 
1,825 

138,718 
86,  500 
43,  781 
10,  190 
64,  519 

340 
1,003 
35 
100 
100 

5 
337 

10 
13 

$8,  309 
270 

4 

Uvalde 

70 

122 
617 

49,  670 
14,  820 
53  216 

2,680 
1,340 

11 
307 

4,441 

195 

20 

Walker 

150 
2,114 

40 

1,000 

1,980 

47,  073 

220 

654 

10 

Webb 

40 
211 
402 
98 

152 

20.689 
70,  350 
31,  585 

18,  255 

2,170 
45,  145 
8,835 

125 

505 
1,  270 

53 

Wood 

220 

1 
0 

15 

8 

Total 

67,562 

1,349 

48,  047 

14,  199 

178,  374 

5,  850,  583 

275,  128 

11,805 

S85 

5,  228 

1S3 

*  Ko  returns. 


STATE    OF   TEXAS. 


151 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

125 
126 

127 
138 
129 
130 
131 
13S 
133 
134 
135 
136 
137 
138 
13'J 
140 
ML 
142 
143 
144 
145 
146 
147 
143 
119 
150 
151 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

0 

a 

£ 

c: 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Cane  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufacture*,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

"SVatcrrorted,tons 
of. 

Other  prepared 
hemp,  tons  of. 

$8,393 

110 
20 

400 

100 
74,766 
135,738 

353 

2,889 
30,  254 

$19,  051 
31,619 

205 

417 

477 
205 

13,  189 
3,360 

30,820 
813 
2,310 
8,286 
3,760 

90,173 
47,  318 
68,364 
45,  747 
109,116 

120 

13,  743 

1 

1,682 

155 
90 

9,270 
5,127 

828 

117 
92 
41 
1,  331 

3,281 
2,  540 
7:}5 
4,865 

14,024 
4,  0:iO 
300 

25,077 
28,008 
63,  597 
143,641 

4,000 

76 
3G9 
3 
3X1 

1,404 
7,380 
610 
6,  ICO 
50 

3,1  5:1 
958 
3,302 
23,  647 

41,  112 
58,849 
15,  625 
39,  783 

2,  190 

2,268 
1,  872 
451 
140 

170 

9 

115 

27 

5,099 

408,358 

112,412 

28,123 

594,  27J 

584,217 

5,  143,  635 

152 


STATE    OF   VERMONT. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 

8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OP  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

m 

I 

Asses  and  mulefl. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

D, 

£ 
J3 
CO 

203,  371 
143,  194 
204,458 
190,  781 
S5,  109 
227,  553 
34,  247 
104,  080 
263,  954 
153,  864 
300,  833 
205,  178 
368,  090 
302,  379 

93,  617 
108,  273 
106,  846 
84,  797 
62,  872 
118,  404 
10,  823 
83,  G79 
112,  837 
125,  D88 
145,  583 
114,  405 
117,  907 
163,  226 

$12,477,095 
4,  820.  364 
5,  277,  560 
9,  140,  030 
1,  190,  049 
9,  794,  401 
1,920,130 
3,  381,  150 
7,  314,  080 
4,  973,  918 
10,  541,  940 
7,  088,  780 
0,  930,  519 
9,  432,  423 

$280,  923 
194,  589 
314,  513 
300,  314 
69,021 
355,  048 
57,024 
201,  409 
380,  794 
177,  540 
403,  040 
289,  281 
247,  158 
383,  235 

7,122 
3,550 
5,508 
4,808 
1,378 
5,717 
1,301 
3,412 
7,171 
4,302 
0,113 
5,692 
5,  235 
7,  042 

12,975 
6,980 
11,582 
18,695 
2,687 
25,  995 
1,535 
•    9,288 
12,  001 
11,  009 
17,  335 
17,  330 
11,  803 
14,843 

2,351 

1,508 
3,736 
1,047 
1,212 
2,277 
90 
2,318 
4,892 
3,001 
2,  339 
3,922 
5,733 
7,017 

14,  983 
7,  021 
13,  CC7 
9,880 
4,015 
12,  215 
1,714 
0,404 
15,  048 
11,  295 
11,005 
11,887 
16,  163 
17,  187 

98,019 
55,  439 
32,  360 
25,  639 
6,044 
32,  578 
13,  094 
13,  002 
84,  189 
31,398 
125,  043 
31,  799 
49,  174 
152,  50:! 

8 
1 

1 

Grand  Islo. 

6 

27 

Total  

2,823,  157 

1,  451,  257 

94,  289,  045 

3,  663,  955 

69,  071 

43 

174,  667 

42,  639 

153,  144 

752,  201 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

COUKTIES. 

Barlry,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 

of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

•i 

£ 
P.  <£ 

C      03 
£.      3 

C  3 

a  * 

4  1 
« 

S3 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

a 
o 

>, 

a 

•i 

^ 
& 

*3   <t-! 

£  ° 
t. 

0 

> 
o 

5 

at 
A 

S 

ft 

f  "» 

1 
1 

O 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

1 

3  046 

1°  50° 

$16  398 

853 

1  °°3  94° 

91  40° 

i 

919 

12  194 

4  519 

23  °35 

19  °68 

291 

476  885 

43  044 

2 

391 

8 

T 

6  749 

11  30G 

7° 

1  3°4  r>87 

59  666 

70  792 

340 

273 

20  870 

4 

"5 

Chittenden  

3,122 
2  653 

11,  102 
19  818 

47,588 

976 

436 

4° 

13,  070 

1,  448,  182 
266  136 

2,  143,  55] 

71  3G1 

63,  09G 
19  202 

36 
55 

637 
543 

2,501 
29,242 

fi 

6  8GO 

15  216 

8  381 

o  498  093 

1  091  641 

88  589 

18 

1,  101 

3,736 

7 

13  713 

13  003 

6  178 

7° 

85  135 

14  800 

5  714 

2 

106 

2,000 

8 

901 

12  925 

944  920 

108  148 

41,  861 

12 

340 

68,  017 

9 

4  278 

38  2GG 

10  416 

106 

1  375 

1  007  250 

291,  176 

81,337 

181 

303 

81,132 

10 

Orleans  

21  °°° 

1G  885 

221 

1  300  190 

109,  110 

61,534 

658 

1,795 

161,  192 

11 

Rutland  

8G7 

11  485 

34  44(j 

436 

1  385  556 

2  027  662 

91  879 

5 

280 

21,  835 

IS 

Washington  

3.21G 

13,851 

7,  7-1  1 

334 

1,  722,  181 

282,  095 

82,  025 

58 

€35 

35,  500 

n 

4  772 

5  096 

180 

253  237 

84  544 

459 

300 

68,  631 

14 

3  293 

°0  7°  5 

168 

399  853 

115  156 

618 

3,  79J 

125,  759 

Total     

79  211 

2°5  41"> 

°11  G93 

2  9°3 

15  000  3">9 

8  °15  030 

940  178 

2,445 

11,  587 

638,  077 

m 

STATE    OF    VERMONT. 


153 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

1 

£> 

8 

a 
a 

a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush- 
ell!  of. 

Irish  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 
2 

4 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
H 
12 
13 
14 

4,014 
4,380 
3,901 
4,497 
921 
4,745 
930 
2,151 
3,078 
3,  331 
4,282 
3,559 
5,445 
7,  078 

$1,711,  PCS 
744,  077 
1,  055,  232 
1,205,791 
590,938 
1,  304,  035 
177,  595 
625,141 
1,  490,  908 
1,  026,  201 
1,  807,  403 
1,  323,  830 
1,495,410 
1,  940,  903 

57,060 
9,  404 
35,  325 
37,550 
0,184 
55,521 
20,054 
13,807 
43,207 
40,  740 
19,842 
20,322 
25,  957 
52,058 

13,  634 
13,644 
4,078 
17,854 
3,003 
8,049 
1,333 
5,516 
8,803 
9,384 
19,308 
5,499 
11,864 
17,302 

120,110 
104,  403 
41,297 
104,288 
6,191 
113,897 
23,804 
40,  437 
123,532 
38,875 
228,364 
90,  759 
172,  971 
250,  423 

302,  240 
202,244 
334,728 
320,523 
93,219 
310,  492 
153,  161 
150,  515 
297,  825 
330,  032 
287,413 
354,  344 
190,364 
297,167 

479,  128 
241,456 
103,  805 
107,504 
21,337 
138,  991 
57,  440 
55,366 
312,  525 
115,357 
563,857 
138,  253 

12,607 
2,774 
2,206 
7,139 
1,470 
.9,063 
10,652 
1,504 
5,474 
1,044 
3,566 
2,423 
3,  852 
6,274 

286,  343 
214,  700 
578,  318 
336,047 
168,  151 
337,  805 
56,968 
372,  851 
530,  014 
570,  457 
460,069 
432,  219 
410,256 
166  700 

25 

15 

60 

538 



12,  120 
100 

186,  941 
590,  984 

10 



52,  912 

16,  241,  989 

437,  037 

139,  271 

1,  525,  411 

3,  030,  267 

12,  245 

3,  118,  950 

70,654 

5,  253,  498 

623 

AGRICULTURE. 


] 

^RODUCED. 

o 

B 
1 

a 
o 

f  . 

1  " 

Q 

'\YatiTrotted,tons  £ 

of.  ;§ 

"2 

a 

If 

A 

6 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxsecd,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  Ftipar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  raolanfles,  gal 
lons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufm'tiiren,  home 
made,  value  of. 

1 

a 

M 

l 

"a 
g 

*H 

800 

GO"1 

03  075 

$1  5G3 

4  9*M 

1 

335  881 

921 

1  357 

12,921 

11  145 

112  G34 

G5 

3 

1  °35  515 

60 

108 

3  900 

4  357 

124  150 

3oG  783 

983* 

11  084 

734 

182  347 

11 

°11  059 

494 

159 

4  575 

6  GG7 

43  I00 

5 

937  483 

449 

800 

11  528 

1  312 

1G9  559 

28  877 

3S8 

G,  755 

150 

26,  012 

7 

7  G30 

3  414 

350 

3° 

978  G50 

1  99° 

274 

20  4G4 

6  982 

210  985 

9 

105 

5 

930  138 

123 

9  557 

8  GSG 

112  1G° 

10 

25  035 

195 

34  57G 

lr>8  64° 

8° 

3 

£5 

7<»4  708 

7  007 

331 

2  610  bOO 

! 

20 


154 


STATE   OF  VIRGINIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

0 

3 
4 
5 
6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
23 
23 
21 
25 
26 
27 
28 
23 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
30 
37 
38 
3D 
40 
41 
42 
43 
41 
45 
4G 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
53 
59 
60 
61 

fia 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Catih  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  ill  farms. 

C 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows* 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

e, 

o 

3: 

84,  889 
245,  273 
8,  291 
26,  360 
109,  280 
111,969 
85,297 
224,  644 
78,719 
37,  005 
189,  232 
90,  892 
15,051 
70,  096 
20,  369 
41,  099 
160,  870 
10,  262 
136,  143 
38,  020 
10,  773 
138,  628 
183,  799 
49,  846 
50,  207 
147,  407 
106.  999 
83,209 
5,505 
24,  577 
153,  291 
90,  740 
118,440 
25,  114 
17,  534 
96,  415 
84,  690 
268,  431 
30,  975 
52,  460 
88,  635 
153  212 

81,763 
176,  942 
6,969 
80,  852 
98,  058 
132,  949 
98,609 
213,  515 
219,  294 
148,540 
244,  617 
41,231 
218,  873 
145,  082 
131,  171 
14,389 
178,  984 
181,  383 
173,  493 
122,  573 
05,  096 
151,  080 
122,  123 
138,  009 
48,  190 
145,001 
154,  973 
24,  390 
47,  079 
46,382 
85,567 
80,  028 
169,  080 
217,513 
13,  905 
60,  707 
115,910 
115,043 
212,  505 
115,  318 
69,  854 
254,  420 
74,  350 
108,  740 
82,  684 
53,418 
72,630 
160,  587 
285,  084 
60,299 
97,  648 
196,  552 
370,  040 
17,  228 
200,  927 
218,  120 
547,  319 
66,  490 
141,022 
172,  944 
110,  503 
102.  881 

+ 

$3,  979,  720 
9,  157,  010 
853,  200 
1,  208,  170 
2,  304,  058 
2,  674,  596 
1,902,558 
10,  997,  286 
2,  390,  269 
1,455,351 
6,  297,  453 
3,  547,  506 
579,  398 
3,  415,  045 
650,  016 
2,  447,  903 
2,  318,  267 
229,  981 
3,  513,  277 
1,611,815 
364,  617 
3,712,579 
4,  407,  013 
807,  338 
1,  239,  410 
4,  398,  140 
3,  203,  370 
3,  Kt5,  185 
165,  344 
942,  745 
4,  985,  780 
2,  355,  423 
2,  043,  250 
1,  006,  320 
1,  273,  050 
2,  439,  173 
3,  800,  075 
10,  002,  472 
1,  224,  096 
1,  023,  165 
2,332,149 
3,  684,  034 
3,  987,  945 
1,700,806 
622,  965 
2,  001,  234 
2,  524,  327 
1,  432,  258 
5,  713,  422 
1,  213,  979 
982,  900 
6,  922,  479 
3,  947,  900 
1,  676,  74u 
2,  579,  58 
4,  203,  120 
4,  042,  794 
5,128,610 
2,341,356 
1,  535,  379 
1,531,290 
1  .  355.  20 

$C8,738 
188,  079 
19,  990 
27,  752 
68,  957 
81,  618 
54,538 
296,  390 
145,  850 
28,  210 
229,  101 
79,  976 
12,  471 
76,804 
10,301 
48,  286 
75,  573 
3,985 
104,  154 
30,  559 
7,058 
83,  323 
107,323 
26,  302 
45,  800 
89,  867 
80,  004 
80,  170 
3,753 
31,177 
110,  061 
09,  181 
120,  296 
10,  (»2 
20,  130 
57,  320 
111,097 
241,740 
25,  440 
49,  247 
'73,404 
108,  484 
148,  515 
37,  674 
13,  738 
60,518 
80,  435 
58,241 
86,  286 
36,  051 
37,  025 
147  181 

2,413 
5,195 
343 
880 
1,  252 
2,  022 
1,588 
8,852 
3,059 
1,134 
4,  995 
3,510 
787 
2,400 
970 
1,399 
1,  792 
400 
2,313 
1,350 
484 
2  279 
1,848 
1,137 
435 
2,  230 
1,553 
2,031 
280 
975 
3,  130 
1,444 
1,810 
1,  182 
443 
1,098 
2,725 
6,  721 
1,206 
1,490 
1,007 
3,049 
4,084 
1,571 
815 
926 
1,205 
2,  304 
3,714 
1,  229 
690 
3,837 
5,222 
1,109 
2,520 
1,907 
4,404 
1,343 
1,530 
1,800 
1,234 
1.330 

223 

820 
30 
71 
872 
307 

211 
81 
37 
608 
19 
9 
192 
19 
18 
843 
12 
CM 
66 
10 
608 
1,  4C8 
5!l 
675 
823 
1,  127 
112 
10 
20 
510 
588 
932 
o 

230 
669 
184 
233 
20 
27 
459 
304 

67 
8 
432 
1,022 
93 
128 
118 
553 
902 
frt 

4 
54 
1,452 
35 
1,520 
544 
13 
267 

SL 

2,340 
4,  493 
500 
990 
1,919 
2,811 
1,812 
0,  441 
3,  726 
1,287 
5,305 
2,728 
1,444 
2,581 
1,  395 
1,319 
2,  944 
1,044 
2,495 
1,475 
741 
2,  084 
2,  780 
1,837 
817 
2,  5-14 
2,  550 
1,  508 
538 
973 
3,200 
1,561 
2,727 
1,004 
900 
1,  559 
3,  70!) 
5,  469 
1,707 
1,075 
1,820 
4,051 
2,  920 
1,  743 
1,197 
1,  575 
1,  744 
2,  993 
3,984 
1,137 
970 
8,009 
5,522 
1,127 
2,561 
2,  832 
4,  501 
1,901 
2,131 
2,434 
1,084 
1,541 

1,  093 
2,  252 
18 

81 
926 
1,126 
841 
198 
418 
205 
1,470 
12 
428 
135 
197 
109 
1,439 
94 
1,  925 
856 
242 
1,019 
2,  228 
575 
559 
1,  330 
631 
308 
150 
10 
1,131 
1,134 
1,073 

263 
1,  075 
433 
1,844 
471 
539 
1,  002 
959 
85 
170 
205 
1,  538 
1,077 
755 
680 
227 
070 
2,104 
0 
140 
142 
1,104 
081 
321 
620 
178 
912 
504 

0,0?0 
6,  838 
170 
2,  047 
2,  828 
3,  427 
2,516 
14,206 
7,715 
3,  757 
8,945 
3,687 
3,078 
4,  843 
1,826 
1,  513 
5,  737 
1,785 
3,  936 
3,  780 
1,491 
4,173 
3,418 
2,881 
920 
8,  070 
2,  050 
-  3,195 
037 
1,  914 
8,  098 
2,044 
4,513 
3,  147 
1,  094 
2,  3(iO 
3,919 
23,192 
2,  407 
3,  093 
2,  08(i 
0,109 
5,420 
3,  584 

2,  470 
2,  420 
4,554 
8,  103 
1,  315 
3,  081 
0,  221 
11,355 
1,657 
8,244 
2,  300 
12,  103 
1,  396 
2,022 
6,515 
3,040 
2.513 

3,  8311 
11,904 
195 
1,832 
7,5-11 
3,  C09 
5,  223 
13,  013 
11,673 
0,  08U 
9,  039 
7,  057 
3,  2-18 
5,  S07 
0,  1(18 
40,  020 
8,  019 
1,  983 
7,371 
5,  701 
2,412 
7,  708 
5,  50(1 
8,  443 
1,341 
8,221 

4,  o:;s 
6,971 
1,008 
2,  857 
15,  303 
6,  4!il) 
4,  450 
5,  377 
811 
3,019 
6,093 
24,  754 
6,998 
7,  101 
3,  559 
10.040 
9,  892 
5,  753 
3,  907 
3,281 
4,  734 
13,  680 
10,  007 
2,012 
2,807 
11,331 
21,  287 
21,  402 
11,  378 
0,  335 
13,202 
1,  405 
3,  900 
8,911 
3,  199 
6  i;in 

Vile  -han 

\mdia    7 

i'  Pu«ta 

Cabell  .           

Campbell  

Clarke                      .  ... 

Clay                    

Crai"               

Cumberland 

Floyd  

116,  117 
49,  015 
18,  154 
58,708 
83,  424 
60,245 
123,  705 
44,  055 
70,  317 
277,  913 
172,  690 
31,904 
85,  504 
141,  205 
119,  827 
69,220 
79,  955 
66,027 
64,755 
36.  457 

Gi'es 

Halifax 

160,  316 
38,  489 
57,  753 
14°  934 

6'3  °61 

145,11 
38,309 
20,  813 
44,  440 
33.410 

Isle  of  Wight  

STATE    OF   VIRGINIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE 

STOCK. 

1 

PRODUCED 

^ 

f 

£ 

a 

CO 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

"Wheat,  bushels  of. 

o 

D 
3 

cT 
>, 

K 

1 

o 

& 

h 

1 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans.bush- 

l-ls  Of. 

i 

^ 

iN 

c5     » 

l.^ 

S3 
•£ 

Sweet  potatoes.  bush 
els  of. 

6°4  717 

366  °00 

3  417 

•28,917 

899,  680 

302,  307 

7,486 

729,  710 
34  T(5 

215,273 
16  975 



5,  429,  395 



40,  252 

3,263 
°'J8 

23,822 
14  597 

12,136 

161   153 

"1  617 

3  478 

llr)  48° 

54  6°4 

88  340 

4  0*1  5 

4Q4 

10  49° 

10  60r> 

372  G40 

124  200 

283  610 

100  763 

4,211,036 

12  075 

3  936 

7  226 

9  416 

5 

370  8°4 

104  111 

o  145 

313  809 

1°0  047 

2  847  20<J 

7  5of> 

2  581 

07  5;jG 

°6~>  77° 

39  376 

99 

169  557 

109  363 

1,  777,  355 

10  397 

4  °49 

11  8°4 

1  °87  615 

307  402 

57  479 

752  530 

191  379 

20 

40  727 

35  810 

2  642 

4  794 

]()7  4(jo 

°9  680 

596 

7'  '(» 

17  °")6 

187  803 

15  111 

5  79° 

71  371 

°6  608 

3  575 

5'*t 

10  938 

16  175 

837  393 

318  277 

2  094 

44!)  211 

334,  767 

4,213,088 

21  764 

13  700 

39  0(13 

25  °70 

13  469 

335  757 

237  576 

18  672 

275,  525 

76,  176 

36  508 

18  962 

10 

7  653 

1°0  589 

15  278 

1  118 

143  808 

7  994 

40 

18  729 

6  040 

2  108 

10  620 

5  7°3 

11,979 

350,  728 

162,  676 
oo  %(3 

3,024 

231,892 
l<yj  7-j<) 

106,539 
17  695 

1 

875,  459 
15  534 

12,  184 

u 

925 
1  347 

16,  093 

3,039 

: 

3  :j09 

282  439 

23  490 

3  506 

14°  1°2 

64  984 

112  774 

173 

20  488 

533 

is,  931 

430,  309 
68  248 

142,  155 
5  164 

76 
855 

427,  805 
57  975 

88,  043 
9  126 

40 

4,  982,  052 
2  365 

12 

12,  062 
3  359 

4,  P95 
1  Oil 

8,  668 
3  082 

44,  052 
1  748 

17 

1°  414 

41')  349 

114  921 

5"7 

2'H  830 

178  132 

4,  777  000 

400 

18  080 

4  320 

16  099 

jo  <>->•} 

8  408 

1!)5  674 

65  715 

356 

248  210 

18  717 

68  578 

9  302 

596 

1]    119 

3  200 

74  651 

10  734 

56 

61  847 

6  4°3 

7  882 

4  946 

1  081 

6  088 

1°  G°'J 

359  778 

150  679 

210 

07]  -j-)9 

15°  810 

3  505  620 

174 

15  181 

4  363 

18  6f'5 

1°  O.T> 

13,  834 
10  0°** 

450,  654 
162  470 

214,565 
30  804 

12,  344 
18  075 

650,752 
130  231 

84,  105 
76  056 

3,  514,  413 
24  54° 

10 

13,  960 
14  004 

3,794 
484 

10,  961 
10  022 

22,610 
1  519 

33 

105  955 

1°G  9^1 

40  341 

37  930 

4  169 

103 

3  6^9 

14  707 

441  494 

161  596 

54 

373  *)0() 

194  148 

5  666  620 

6 

17  046 

6  826 

10  307 

17  4°9 

11,825 
9  04° 

399,  767 
335  667 

133,  350 

330  153 

517 
14  041 

366,  130 
25°  °05 

101,138 

53  °05 

2,860 

1,  399,  568 
1  000 

8,607 
31  248 

2,913 

12,867 
16  370 

18,  945 

( 

2  41° 

41  824 

4  433 

410 

44  310 

6  150 

26  2°9 

3  098 

676 

4  269 

93° 

4  316 

124  926 

20  001 

4  787 

66  619 

3°  230 

3°  92° 

6  862 

16 

3  940 

365 

540  572 

191  358 

9  938 

60  074 

700 

170  goi 

5-1  99° 

1  038 

19  215 

6,965 

17  081 

352,  135 

484  278 

82,  178 
133  515 

79 

199,313 
354  6°° 

113,  937 
83  °°3 

4,  627,  531 
3  854  81° 

30 

10,  459 
8  738 

1,  108 
3  6°3 

6,112 

8,072 

°6  999 

33 

4  330 

142  269 

16  514 

569 

1°4  113 

6  765 

7  0°5 

8  974 

148 

13  7°4 

83 

5  3n 

123  845 

44  013 

116  0°5 

*»0  340 

94  000 

3  O5't 

7  635 

9  740 

30  8°0 

8,  079 
11  G60 

269,  403 
371  443 

123,871 
49  318 

3,733 
15  156 

445,  527 

18,  960 

701 
80 

61,  139 

4,000 

11,758 

14  391 

4,693 
1  013 

7.  227 
54  383 

12,  269 
1  788 

36 

0(J    Clio 

1  4*14  504 

280  279 

41  113 

178  906 

10°  °~>7 

2  118 

36  746 

1  700 

7,733 
10  280 

177,  440 
216  151 

25,693 
39  847 

2,  403 

19  677 

131,  425 
1°1  510 

28.  433 

84  985 

127,713 



12.  670 
15  334 

162 
3°0 

10,223 
11  297 

S,  270 

°7l 

i 
40 

8,792 

an  401 

318,  213 
•493  103 

127,704 
124  396 

40 
5  789 

210,287 
367  587 

97,586 
2°7  799 

2,  583,  543 



7.  349 
16  °67 

1,381 
1  418 

9,667 
27  056 

13,070 
12  146 

41 

:    | 

12  939 

519,  296 

224,471 

27  677 

285  770 

85  241 

83° 

37  936 

2?! 

29,  890 

556 

4? 

9,316 

3  804 

257,  222 
113  722 

54,  874 
18  609 

5,849 
168 

184,  785 
1°G  944 

46,  101 
11  800 

40 

99,592 



14,275 
8  755 

121 
1  166 

8,244 
7  836 

•    •' 
1  519 

44 

10  661 

225  926 

100  436 

837 

2*16  °55 

30  607 

1  10° 

6  63° 

7  733 

17  495 

8  391 

348  457 

174  129 

276  744 

1°4  2°8 

o  900  553 

11  530 

1  502 

6  563 

6  688 

16,622 
10  971 

339,  552 
676  298 

46,  742 
52  017 

34,  724 

10  610 

177,  144 
°'J1  479 

101,503 
11°  05") 

50,842 

26,  511 
36  509 

914 
°5 

12,  919 
°4  858 

249 
8'! 

- 

6,517 
10,  820 

154,  767 
186  375 

28,  743 
'  43,  105 

10,201 
280 

136,  127 
2°5  970 

25,094 
17  4°4 

790,560 
685  9G3 

1  469 

4,816 
4  °4° 

1,  097 
6  160 

7,060 
4  607 

3,  470 
30  °11 

22,012 
14  619 

684,536 
763  454 

237,  518 
106  310 

731 
75  257 

533,  012 
37")  090 

229,790 
49  °59 

8,  544,  532 
75 

22,307 
48  973 

9,394 
°1 

13,671 
41  773 

38,252 

53 

2,  465 

182,  746 

16,  423 

5,117 

61,346 

46,  716 

60,214 

8 

26,002 

563 

54 

7,  032 
15,  757 
11,496 

453,768 
514,828 
614,325 

39,946 
237,402 
55,411 

28,043 
939 
936 

286,  618 
535,  862 
320  946 

20,200 
168,  061 
37  501 

50 

1,450 
2,  428,  978 
11  715 

11 

30,297 
15,  449 
30  551 

1,298 
7,  124 

a 

18,  534 
17,219 
15  357 

74 

79,627 
3SO 

55 

. 
77 

9,  040 

423,  672 

217,  293 

1,607 

357  285 

82  247 

671  380 

3  574 

1  943 

34  694 

21,725 

58 

8,597 

282,659 

67  015 

5  948 

£15  840 

8°  343 

2  588   189 

6  285 

£)    (£JO 

13  861 

14  063 

• 

3.740 

269,  337 

6,678 

5  100 

28  537 

13  540 

19  361 

191 

8  408 

. 

22,  727 
6,538 

252,  697 
173,  354 

31,852 
88,338 

339 
228 

340,865 
219.  377 

27,765 
11,878 

125 

6,227 
74.  691 

727 

5,953 

14.718 

36,645 
2.  449 

16,641 

32.630 

98,040 
562 

61 

1 

15G 


STATE   OF  VIRGINIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

3 
4 
5 
6 

7 
8 
9 

10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
::i 
::•.' 
:;:: 
34 
35 
:;ii 
37 
:.- 
39 
•1(1 
II 
42 
43 
II 

].: 

4fi 
47 

1- 

n 

:," 
;,i 
:/-' 

XI 

.11 
55 

:,i, 

58 

5!) 
60 

lil 
i-  , 

•• 
COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

•a 
o 

c.  --; 
q    ° 

3,       I* 

1-i 

tt  E* 

JA     " 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheeae,  pounds  of. 

"o 

o 
£ 

c? 
,—  . 

p 

a 

1° 

h 

> 

5 

"3 
A 

3 

ft 

*2  "o 
S 

| 
C 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

15 
182 
819 
1,898 

$16  43") 

$100 
787 
28,970 
227 

45,158 
206,  728 
10,  375 
44,  745 
59,  743 
112,  779 
79,  897 
451,  305 
161,  027 
44,  345 
347,011 
100,  069 
59,  262 
135,  030 
43,  772 
140,  326 
68,  329 

Alb<  m-irle 

16,686 
1,915 
3,225 
320 
8,052 
4,062 
15,  229 
4,230 
2,  728 
2fi,  452 

431 

6,  628 
1,815 
1,209 
323 
1,870 
401 
21,  087 
6,817 
2,015 
6,297 
8,031 
74 
4,003 
795 
5,445 
6,387 
11 
1,015 
969 
935 
1,  729 
3,233 
2,  029 

809 

1,  370 

14 

Alexandria 

5 

44 
85 
408 
1,037 
1,108 

4C8 

33 

343 

80 

Amber  t 

38 
30 
477 

701 
66 
7,030 
14,  733 
6,098 
1,247 
1,  074 
145 
511 
513 
3,910 

9,242 
180 

890 

100 
14 
8,342 
42 
51 
578 
2,  439 

435 
238 
2,  942 
244 
121 
2,  940 
522 

238 
208 

875 

15,  103 
8,513 
484 
1,150 
952 
12 
3,009 
175 
3,  504 

11 
470 

9 
636 
25 

2,207 

140 
COO 

4,531 
7,  003 
3,083 
8,497 

42 
]89 
54 
250 
40 

221 

15 

CO 

1,015 

1,  082 
8 
33 

1,101 
50 
21)8 
10 
18 
98 
33 
18 
880 
01 
350 

8 
21,  964 

5 

10 

200 
4 
358 
538 
6 
100 
5,900 

215 
571 
12,  125 
1,895 

2,  930 
852 
9,099 

32,510 
92,  577 
45,  230 
61,  050 
107,  884 
82,  249 
80,  390 
31,  170 
80,385 
08,073 
07,  905 
27,868 
31,514 
107,  270 
54,250 
63,  764 
CO,  554 
29,640 
33,  837 
163,  100 
284,  005 
82,  082 
85,  076 
70,  330 
158,  337 
215,  758 
64,  707 
77,  274 
41,405 
61,479 
93,350 
151,  156 
50,355 
18,  053 
143,  795 
23'J,  360 
125,  446 
102,  603 
104,  327 
153,419 
08,  326 
88,  801 
90,  383 
25,  722 
111.506 

40 
20 

liuckin  ham 

352 
205 
20 
602 
730 
9 

7 

147 
5 
12 
45 
41 
31 

Cabell 

234 
7,320 

219 

22 

56 
80 
107 

35 

45 
75 
643 

10,  244 

6,328 

4 
80 

320 
176 

4,304 
49 

4,830 
904 
1,  205 
335 
5,  730 
575 

1,351 
4,703 
59 

307 
491 
'  3,  120 
17 
1,  909 
4,  7C5 
159 
349 
2,  624 
030 
145 
8,088 
11,756 
938 
2,707 
590 
2,  7118 
7,777 
1,816 
2,495 
2,508 
1,  709 
3,157 
5,718 
1,  033 
11 
104 
11,366 
3,402 
4,688 
2,  107 
11,734 
2,  11)9 
1 
4,  .109 
852 
1.740 

101 

302 
18 

Chesterfield 

25 
5GO 

15 
190 

691 

145 

Clay 

5 

309 
817 
271 

38 
195 

2,231 
523 

253 
951 

383 
834 

02 
27 

84 

74 
2,810 

3,145 
4,210 

4,903 
153 
5,795 
700 
12,  005 
007 
110 

4 
19 

114 
17 

203 

Doddrid"(> 

155 

800 

3 

8,310 
771 
2,  047 
8,990 
6 
382 
5,681 
2,  939 
1,137 

750 
6,  715 
2,287 
5,  473 
5,191 

98 
82 
1,155 
30 

335 
6 
182 
8 
132 
10 
9 
200 
10 
17 
142 
188 

178 

3,510 
4,315 
50 
4,798 

58 
2!)6 
11 
00 
58 
300 
911 
182 
10 

224 
1,089 
274 
409 
19 
200 
4,419 
1,036 
518 
98 
27 
48 
539 
107 

10 

Floyd 

293 
94 
550 
64 
24 

549 
83 

3 

199 

17,  257 
7,518 
3,  477 
2,946 
3,075 

124 
1,289 
100 
1,  227 

846 
5,584 
3,561 
587 
400 

(iiles 

4 

130 
2,301 
350 

2dO 
134 
51 
173 

847 
70 

13,463 
12,  380 
509 

10,  374 

3,904 

8,151 

420 
070 
6,729 
15,563 
9,411 
6,220 
825 
0,817 
3,  895 
6,019 

22 
5,036 
8'J4 
195 

34 
195 
10 
51 
67 
94 

Halifax              

3 
24,118 
13,422 
6,214 
99 
6,  563 
69 
SOU 
14,500 

2,430 

12 
802 
80 
84 
12 
17 
30 

195 
935 
250 
338 
11 
702 

30 

11,  U77 

3,565 
692 
2,330 

300 
50 
52,  645 
57 
80,  280 

Hardy 

65 
271 
5 
1,  524 
098 

15,400 
50 

2 

31 

4,968 
3 

22 
o 

9 

10 
21 

Isle  of  Wight 

32,  145 

9,281 

707 
30 

2,875 
31 

49 

Jackson  ... 

44 

2,731 

STATE    OF   VIRGINIA. 


157 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  vcluc  of. 

1 
3 
3 
4 
S 
G 
7 
R 
9 
10 
11 
13 
; 
14 
15 
16 
17 

19 

91 

22 

• 

« 
28 

- 

:: 
: 
: 
: 
. 
• 
: 
:•- 
X 
41 
! 
1 

:. 
: 
1. 
n 
: 
: 
: 
:. 
:. 
K 
X 
* 
5; 
! 
5 
-.- 
5 
a 
i 
• 

rf 

,0 

-d' 

1  ° 
c 

fi 

HEMI'. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoon  P.  pounds 
of. 

• 

•C 

1 

«    «w 
ti    O 
p 
o 

JB 

• 
?3 

Cane  snpor.  lihds.  of 
l.OOOpoundg. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

c 

•a 
a 
3 
o 
Ot 

o 

Manufacture?,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Water  rotted,  Ibs. 
of. 

\* 

P.       • 

i* 

s  i 

§S 

2,691 
5,255 

127 
416 

50 

252 
897 

6,654 
19,417 
260 

3,545 
5,  983 
10,  751 
8,  462 
17,  110 
1,820 
5,  944 
55,  962 
1,380 
67,342 
13,229 
6,  120 
4,  849 
7,010 
24,  026 
10,  724 
5,957 
7,  142 
11,066 
3,041 
16,112 
50 
14,  S18 
1,  129 
9,695 
6,594 
4,200 
8,545 
1,506 
3,  968 
1,  393 
625 
2,  297 
2,  557 
42,  193 
19,311 
8,  145 
8,309 
50,415 
22,  012 
7,688 
3,  791 
2,530 
5,  449 
5,690 
12,  jC8 
3,585 
2,835 
29,733 
13,240 
6,851 
6,994 
2,  733 
11,473 
1,935 
40,  958 
6,311 
5,  315 
2,155 

$2.  103 
19,  490 

$15-1,780 
267,  322 
5,035 
40,  660 
77,712 
11.1,351 
77,  140 
251,  383 
53,452 
37,716 
260,  058 
93,555 
30,879 
108,333 
20,327 
36,  703 
136,  857 
15,  501 
127,  021 
49,736 
13,455 
124,639 
107,750 
55.2G9 
32,  347 
135,023 
70,567 
70,  913 
12,597 
29,841 
114,849 
81,191 
97,  762 
24,  848 
39,  767 
66,  540 
68,491 
230,  192 
44,107 
58,633 
82,  686 
164.530 
96,524 
66,180 
21,  167 
70,321 
77,718 
76,259 
114,265 
49,  942 
69,495 
257,  810 
109,834 
26,396 
71,638 
122,116 
75,883 
115,  479 
107,290 
25,592 
135,  052 
40,260 

725 

4,300 

280 

25 
776 

1,923 
40 
466 
4,916 
4,528 
9,717 
5,139 
9,487 

202 
3 
21 
202 
408 
205 
128 
1,392 

5,298 

514 

171 

1,120 

WO 
843 
41 
368 
5,  4117 
430 
1,  575 
675 
•Ml 
42 
770 
2,  248 
1,153 
MO 
275 
1,  054 
148 
1,419 

4,550 
5,  193 
5,  736 
4fi,  122 
16,  024 
16,264 
7,523 
29,  226 

• 

72 

180 

n 

585 
49,  03li 
4,092 

5,915 

7,949 
312 

2 

2.r>6 
45 

40 

165 

3,665 
5,  934 
6,  629 
10 

320 
3,749 

•  3,204 

1,400 
4,070 
5,609 

114 
390 
245 

2,558 

3,038 
200 
6,541 
1,782 

8,358 
5,236 
7,652 

500 

25 

11,  KM 
2  404 

250 

4 

137 
108 
GO 
99 
361 

12,  745 
5,141 
12,534 
4,518 
6,058 
28,  451 
12,291 
17,  013 
100 
12,919 
4,277 

2  34-1 

70 

21)3 

GO 

3  035 

5,958 
451 
20 

317 
4,  61)5 



6,1)01 

11,453 

898 

4 

136 

18 

3,435 

171 

1,061 
27 
435 
315 
381 
321 
149 
330 
9« 

8 
2,556 

101 

2,503 
5,  733 
3,035 
1,690 

18 
4S5 
253 
14 

1,8% 
3,936 

67 
427 
171 

5,325 
10,502 
5,071 
8,586 
5,  123 
4,  971 

5() 

208 

0 

216 
47 

15 
10,  521 

5,300 

132 

1,623 

2 
o 

109 
2i7 
1,338 
6 
2,  135 
89 
344 
103 

273 
99 
1,358 
1,090 
652 
141 
4,  901 
1,172 
644 
258 
132 
483 
681 
736 
300 
352 
2,958 
504 
10 
68 
210 
196 
31 
3,547 
184 
1,083 
6 

12,  554 
834 
9,311 
13,787 
16,505 
5,370 
30,  736 
4,  203 
11,961 
8,717 
5,695 
3,678 
28,492 
25,  613 
6,129 
6,433 
57,  970 
22,756 

50 

2,  (xio 

5,740 
3,005 
11,  300 
401 
17,  211 
819 
4,775 
4,889 

70 
503 

7,  124 
20 

550 
614 

2,431 

150 

4 

33 
175 
4  9°9 

73 
39 
427 
405 
135 

480 
678 
11,033 

12  GG9 

200 
9,088 
5,419 
2,306 

681 
151 
360 

144 
50 

72,650 

4,001 

580 

4,433 
2,301 
800 
3,337 

107 
115 
5 
225 

1 

4,410 
764 
31,653 

280 
466 
1,600 

295 

10,  25fi 
5,684 
7,889 
1,  042 
15,537 
8,609 
6,378 
8,  9C8 

195 

2,433 

102 

13,  195 

880 

10,895 

3,303 

7,460 
330 
5,478 

440 
77 
3 
110 

45,024 

2,189 

57 

4.U03    .. 

115 

14.316 

158 


STATE    OF  VIRGINIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

ACHES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

o 

M 

Asses  and  mnlcs. 

Milch  cows. 

"\Vorkiug  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

c. 
| 
to 

25,  003 
85,  733 
37,  086 
70,  733 
108,  107 
99,  (!74 
34,  925 
72,  405 
42,813 
17,  3C7 
220,  206 
156,  950 
110,935 
4,641 
97,  421 
81,090 
59,  136 
37,  925 
29,  594 
139,  840 
48,  718 
3fi,  C24 
92,  048 
106,  295 
72,  939 
27,  147 
59,  708 
118,  036 
40,310 
34,941 
47,  985 
56,  402 
54,  459 
67,  775 
37,  487 
107,  743 
53,431 
58,  064 
81,  184 
247,  156 
15,  809 
74,019 
08,  516 
92,603 
108,  536 
63,  777 
97,353 
57,  612 
59,  003 
31,  239 
11,  632 
48,  249 
103,  880 
52,  094 
38,227 
19,  707 
58,306 
139,  236 
200,  803 
93,  066 
73,  693 
76.  041 

52,715 
24,  348 
170,  063 
42,  743 
76,  925 
04,  239 
38,  742 
170,192 
69,  731 
220,  888 
75,  876 
132,  889 
142,  546 
64,  739 
115,  801 
93,  037 
62,  543 
CO,  31  5 
19,  838 
202,  043 
237,  774 
31,  65o 
80,  310 
183,  069 
113,  260 
48,110 
112,750 
152,948 
60,  !)C5 
1,  425,  287 
81,794 
40,065 
53,  390 
88,  SCO 
17,353 
08,993 
03,  000 
108,  899 
220,  042 
332,  882 
30,  798 
754,  302 
75,  213 
195,  351 
106,  151 
83,  809 
70,  740 
75,  140 
114,  446 
69,  789 
105,  313 
278,  083 
46,  708 
43,  030 
165,  372 
105,  808 
133,  079 
200,  880 
145,  105 
119,117 
226,  155 
88.  U10 

$1,011,340 
5,  652,  143 
1,895,918 
1,  933,  409 
2,  454,  708 
2,  568,  250 
1,  307,  441 
2,  768,  021 
•     1,  327,  743 
558,  443 
10,508,211 
4,461,830 
2,  232,  979 
100,  055 
2,  816,  020 
3,  115,337 
2,  489,  909 
1,  951,  283 
1,  450,  460 
3,  606,  956 
1,  540,  185 
1,  145,  000 
2,  884,  910 
3,  708,  775 
3,  002,  080 
479,  987 
1,080,210 
4,  009,  504 
1,  331,  275 
3,  607,  259 
2,  140,  252 
2,184,150 
1,701,047 
1,  729,  186 
2,  423,  520 
3,  779,  299 
2,192,549 
1,  278,  805 
1,  606,  532 
5,  700,  940 
649,  220 
2,  031,  780 
2,  100.  284 
o  Oj-~  3^4 

2,  957,  131 
1,  947,  415 
2,  373,  100 
1,  860,  486 
2,  337,  220 
1,  260,  592 
414,  672 
1,  628,  295 
2,800,410 
1,  270,  037 
1,  500,  656 
531,  702 
2,  323,  220 
5,  785,  123 
9,718,613 
2,  324,  483 
2,  085,  722 

$28,  609 
119,170 
34,  216 
56,  531 
57,015 
80,  172 
60,  143 
42,  785 
23,  582 
9,  790 
238,  204 
108,  245 
62,  901 
2,  088 
91,377 
55,  057 
58,  202 
37,761 
34,214 
99,  175 
33,  814 
31,  003 
59,  257 
73,  807 
67,  S17 
27,  931 
42,  312 
80,  798 
55,  402 
43,  651 
40,  830 
47,  720 
58,  624 
47,  507 
50,  610 
104,  266 
80,420 
23,  296 
47,  838 
131,  505 
12,  752 
39,  937 
70,  309 
100,  929 
61,  744 
74,  074 
C3,  306 
40,  880 
42,  154 
33,  717 
9,354 
20,  880 
60,  023 
32,  889 
31,083 
12,  17!) 
01,  690 
109,  223 
262,  506 
46,806 
49,  095 
99.133 

358 
3,  421 
1,  402 
921 
1,088 
1,089 
041 
3,167 
1,617 
885 
7,  5(13 
2,  485 
1,907 
222 
2,385 
3,702 
2,413 
1,355 
584 
2,718 
1,  552 
507 
3,904 
3,210 
2,161 
972 
1,429 
2,505 
646 
1,358 
1,  406 
1,  299 
833 
978 
1,441 
2,493 
2,353 
1,214 
2,543 
4,285 
646 
1,688 
1,105 
3,326 
1,450 
590 
2,  190 
1,667 
1,430 
1,229 
486 
1,189 
2,593 
770 
1,724 
783 
1,  490 
4,381 
7,874 
2,726 
3,335 
2.520 

338 
128 
153 
010 
545 
879 
260 
312 
12 
23 
105 
1,037 
396 
8 
70 
54 
o 

75 
153 
783 
37 
224 
32 
47 
CO 
6 
303 
372 
458 
52 
314 
206 
330 
341 
3 
325 
19 
285 
1 
804 
1 
53 
724 
41 
532 
763 
93 
207 
31 
114 
5 
17 
117 
233 
36 
26 
174 
298 
11 
364 
170 
82 

636 
2,316 
1,889 
1,  208 
1,880 
1,  639 
802 
3,227 
1,  902 
1,  595 
5,  809 
3,050 
2,315 
573 
2,023 
4,629 
2,501 
1,  254 
838 
3,230 
2,  218 
910 
3,881 
3,058 
2,  406 
1,036 
1,041 
2,776 
1,  174 
1,728 
2,084 
1,  325 
1,580 
1,228 
1,  408 
2,071 
1,700 
1,988 
3,423 
5,401 
725 
2,447 
1,448 
4,993 
1,938 
1,150 
2,259 
1,448 
1,611 
1,507 
744 
1,700 
2,189 
1,170 
2,117 
1,011 
1,  544 
4,046 
0,011 
3,  832 
3,852 
2.071 

394 
135 
1,047 
1,  035 
1,  900 
1,182 
818 
914 
361 
827 
571 
2,058 
1,  197 

545 
054 
573 
616 
839 
1,421 
199 
737 
680 
407 
431 
16 
571 
1,283 
500 
505 
274 
584 
1,567 
881 
246 
1,  199 
73 
573 
11 
1,814 
211 
240 
812 
591 
1,103 
557 
502 
202 
311 
924 
128 
237 
422 
1,359 
392 
247 
218 
279 
50 
538 
807 
31 

1,284 
4,  071 
3,  282 
1,702 
2,502 
2,  302 
1,897 
5,  008 
5,452 
3,513 
14,  504 
4,377 
3,845 
7S5 
3,  SOS 
5,  080 
3,113 
3,200 
1,  249 
0,288 
4,  128 
1,000 
7,090 
9,  181 
5,  429 
1,709 
3,718 
3,141 
1,  442 
4,523 
4,721 
2,520 
1,999 
2,  2J8 
1,380 
4,393 
3,176 
2,930 
0,372 
8,348 
1,300 
5,471 
2,  243 
5,846 
2,807 
1,308 
3,596 
6,808 
3,887 
2,891 
1,311 
6,106 
7,  234 
1.820 
3,409 
1,025 
2,905 
9,  227 
13,  299 
8,839 
4,854 
4,  340 

068 
7,  209 
4,  936 
2,678 
4,  320 
5,  492 
1,373 
10,  422 
8,  250 
4,613 
10,  625 
7,  074 
6,516 
866 
4,  893 
9,  029 
10,022 
5,  582 
1,  134 
1(1,  034 
10,  225 
2,176 
10,  945 
12,  288 
8,  152 
2,992 
2,398 
5,  321 
1,  763 
9,  093 
1,270 
2,908 
3,120 
2,936 
40,  050 
8,739 
3,  472 
3,825 
14,  143 
11,611 
2,837 
10,338 
5,425 
19,  084 
5,  195 
1,379 
7,  001 
4,  054 
4,047 
5,924 
3,569 
7,565 
6,679 
2,149 
7,  925 
5,190 
3,977 
10,  298 
13,  364 
13,  357 
12,854 
3.742 

Matthews 

Mecklenburg  

Middlesex  

Norfolk 

Ohio 

Patrick  

Pendletoa 

Pulaski 

Raleigh  

Scott  .. 

Shenandoah  ..  . 

STATE   OF   VIRGINIA. 


159 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  btock,  value  of. 

o 

c 
£ 

£ 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

1 

1    = 

n 

• 

9 

c 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Ilice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

U 

0 

• 
I 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

Iri&h  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

63 
64' 
65 
CC 
67 
• 
• 
70 
71 
72 

74 

75 
70 

77 
78 
' 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
83 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
ICO 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
115 
110 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 

4,794 
15,  044 
10,  135 
5,  257 
!>,  03ti 

g,  <;80 

5,  h73 
29,  088 

4,  5.14 

9,  197 
23,  153 

ic,  259 

12,828 

2,  4<;3 
13,  7U7 

9,  !)85 
8,  4-17 
8,294 
6,  71)8 
20,  550 
11,308 
4,  41)7 
8,028 
10,  J73 
—•'U,  224 
3,  HIK) 
27,520 
17,  002 
0,  1170 
12,  390 
16,038 
10,  :t35 
8,  (US 
8,  207 
3,2-14 
11,804 
10,  0<J3 
13,  583 
5,  744 
22,  386 
S,  386 
5,  1)99 
8,  OS  I 
8,854 
7,613 
8,  080 
7,  !I37 
18,  295 
8,878 
8,084 
3,063 
3,  267 
10,623 
8,  064 
7,  Wl 
4,  :«> 
8,  021 
18,  762 
37,  307 
17,  989 
27,450 
B,  903 

$125.  51)3 
466,  168 
197,  224 
203,601 
252,  349 
232,  290 
131,475 
447,  142 
225,  500 
161,490 
1,  182,  355 
556,856 
361),  642 
33,  785 
321,  897 
466,  254 
280,  800 
252,  063 
127,  970 
481,246 
244,  954 
110,887 
454,  070 
500,  208 
378,  313 
111,439 
244,  432 
352,  344 
170,  821 
334,  820 
251,378 
208,  875 
199,  833 
215,  527 
253,090 
448,  384 
288,  509 
202,808 
371,  228 
700,  G95 
84,  275 
328,  002 
273,  279 
401,  133 
297,  433 
228,  861 
318,  445 
21)0,  847 
288,  451 
185,  995 
69,038 
244,  857 
407,  815 
148,  261 
213,  147 
86,  180 
254,089 
652,399 
1,  139,  690 
496,  824 
425,  210 
300,  153  ; 

57,220 
422,  514 
70,305 
116,009 
11*7,  357 
143,  094 
80,  862 
49,  993 
27,191 
11,025 
396,  297 
258,265 
86,332 
1,041 
99,  639 
50,894 
74,  759 
108,  839 
46,  677 
161,  825 
43,  131 
59,  939 
49,  124 
84,  805 
118,  271 
19,  404 
15,022 
78,306 
63,  592 
12,  894 
5,  924 
39,  886 
92,  441 
92,213 
20,048 
186,  022 
102,  149 
19,  571 
11,  475 
184,  113 
22,  785 
8,774 
111,841 
8,  D33 
79,  521 
133,  294 
54,  069 
23,  147 
69,676 
78,796 
6,700 
7,675 
89,275 
89,  167 
27,  582 
21,  897 
175,  043 
193,338 
358,653 
56,058 
62,337 
172,  292 

119,460 

XiS,  267 
274,  943 
307,600 
425,  423 
400,  «60 
179,  805 
582,648 
136,677 
199,385 
931,  465 
383,683 
294,  520 
20,445 
363,300 
214,  706 
241,911 
204,813 
107,  813 
401,290 
131,654 
163,  467 
239,  024 
216,513 
256,  735 
47,  575 
411,975 
339,  075 
198,  350 
103,  193 
454,  116 
377,205 
245,  982 
218,  207 
138,  430 
312,  897 
175,  168 
185,  202 
122,  997 
519,  374 
102,  172 
48,229 
280,  Oil 
71,003 
KB,  833 
305,  135 
188,  270 
369,  070 
202,  910 
197,  700 
39,  301 
56,223 
299,356 
225,263 
147,  783 
100,  074 
152,  803 
423,  952 
684,239 
327,  197 
512,829 
195,  778 

18,  573 
54,798 
45,  430 
27,075 
14,  221 
20,7:16 
11,  623 
97,991 
12,  418 
11,067 
188,  717 
165,  1H 
132,631 
2,  215 
41,  110 
80,  409 
133,  617 
6,462 
24,060 
172,  633 
55,843 
7,  04« 
126,  188 
59,205 
87,  992 
10,  122 
26,063 
91,  616 
23,  367 
26,613 
20,746 
222,  995 
15,  909 
58,  472 
82,101 
69,  569 
21,384 
55,  745 
16,  516 
259,  053 
7,  395 
26,  612 
134,  335 
104,  317 
122,  126 
32,037 
96,  489 
54,247 
30,  930 
16,355 
11,713 
20,248 
45,  069 
7,  133 
14,978  ' 
8,743 
81,813 
138,  298 
128,  010 
100,809 
93,  182 
•       45,  289 

2,030 
6,700 
338,  264 
53,600 
209,  819 
397,  403 
6,380 
38,  162 
82,910 
13,545 

2,305 
3f>,561 
8,200 
10,  1C8 
11,115 
12,096 
3,  757 
19,056 
16,628 
8,536 
42,  580 
16,  422 
10,  653 
1,297 
14,644 
22,922 
27,  385 
11,840 
3,612 
18,  380 
18,858 
5,  625 
27,801 
30,784 
16,232 
5,  931 
3,018 
12,272 
4,359 
15,  539 
2,366 
7,273 
8,449 
5,348 
102,  032 
23,  459 
12,  624 
6,  832 
29,900 
19,  929 
6,432 
23,041 
11,952 
47,  493 
10,  152 
4,010 
24,327 
7,730 
15,387 
9,710 
5,839 
15,375 
23,338 
4,065 
17,647 
8,555 
8,056 
19,  431 
36,294 
30,  421 
22,107 
13.755 

668 
156 
297 
678 
6,069 
9,  79fi 
1,272 
9,007 

4,  750 
31,876 
12,  352 
5,  293 
6,583 
12,  925 
7,150 
10,926 
9,822 
9,  794 
43,  953 
14,904 
9,506 
1,410 
13,  758 
12,618 
46,  634 
11,873 
6,011 
10,633 
10,533 
5,530 
10,  586 
12,  092 
18,  133 
7,806 
28,  154 
14,  773 
8,  392 
16,  528 
102,  605 
40,  214 
8,725 
3,494 
21,449 
11,122 
13,378 
15,454 
13,  366 
23,552 
7,  717 
12,090 
6,  117 
44,  655 
7,700 
8,727 
14,  445 
38,226 
12,  898 
9,192 
3,719 
8,  349 
15,  817 
7,703 
19,490 
6,593 
9,334 
26,441 
39,269 
15,540 
13,494 
11,728 

7,393 

15,1118 
198 
6,  723 
2,057 
2,  077 
90 
4,  540 
579 
530 
28,946 
213 
340 
285 
19,662 
1,159 
2,830 
330 
8 
105 
5,021 
140 
4,999 
13,  432 
5,  956 
16,  082 
125 
7,  932 
87 
6,128 
425 
50 
509 

5,639 
3,538 
27,  438 
10,  788 
11,  927 
3,  4fio 
319 
9,787 

4 

120 

5,200 
3,  756 
15,114 
13,  627 
12,408 
9,  470 
47J 
6,  997 
180 
17,950 
24,989 
904 
8,776 
682 
0112 
527 
20,  949 
41,874 
393 
11,243 
565 
1,245 
7:17 
119 
166,  091 
9,451 
16,  242 
1C,  450 
94,  847 
82,316 
22,136 
6,916 
823 
5,539 
2,  383 
9,  106 
56 
37,  143 
211 

6,577 
25 
8,772 
14,  447 
1,043 
53,127 
253 
2,003  I 
339 
30 
2,062  ' 
10,834  ! 
728 
722  \ 
1,121 
1,568 
5,731 
2,270 
10,  276 
2.431 

10 

30 

114 
1,004 
4,262 
6,955 

25 
2,475 
1,078 
772 
73 
5,803 
6,078 
2,  789 
1,303 
41 
475 
1,  7ii2 
249 
49,  373 
2,  779 
1,796 
2,  249 
15,662 
1,185 
593 
2,205 
144 
1,  320 
274 
707 
2,250 
5,351 
190 

2,651 
107 
3,919 
1,782 
432 
18,383 
fl 
624 
491 

4,  798,  087 
4,  272,  081 
1,275 
480,  475 
23,  012 
10,590 
21,  996 
1,070 
6,631,850 
182,554 
21,950 
1,380 
132,  019 
727,  995 
2  234 

190 
40 

12 

0 

400 
2,  833,  618 
54,030 
14,470 
100 

50 
100 

100 
20 

7,527 
3,  125,  450 

1 

1  177  702    

47  133 

655,  454 
2,073 
7,  053,  9S2 
27  930 

11)0 
2,886,611 
185 
4,  231,  797 
505,  090 
12  921 

10,  778 

15 
11,  403 

1,100 

225 

4,894 
43 
1,825 
2,  126 
28,649 
2  222 
369 
705 
3,  133 
18,889 
45,362 
10,287 
5,172 
10,635 

141,662  ! 
406,992  ' 
34,  827 
1,117 
38,280 
500 
18,606 
10,268 
935,  341 
456,  536 
153,304 
7,805 
16,773 

99 
1,207 
410 
498 
337 
341 
5 
8,795 
981 



653 

85 





• 

1GO 


STATE    OF  VIRGINIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
ti.i 
-n 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
TI; 
77 
78 

7!' 
HI 

81 

.-•; 
.-:: 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
MI 
:«i 
!>l 

H:.' 
93 

94 

:i:< 
in; 
s 
98 

gg 

00 
01 

•••; 
03 
04 
05 
in; 
07 
OB 
Oft 
,11 
11 

ia 

13 
14 
L15 
L16 

17 

j- 
1:1 

:;'> 

121 
133 
133 

:•] 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod* 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

v; 

o 
• 
a 
o 

>, 

a 

o 
0 

*o 

'S 

a 
,5 

1  "° 

o 

S 
O 

Hop?,  pounds  of. 

$821 
1,305 
'  2,047 
205 
100 
595 
1,223 
8,028 
2,812 
3,  882 
3,823 
1,090 

45 
204 
390 
30 

$890 
180 
8CO 
150 

21,  1C3 
131,  684 
59,  196 
31,  335 
43,  303 
48,  331 
21,  342 
100,  995 
66,230 
48,  247 
425,  117 
93,800 
75,  559 
0,407 
78,829 
226,  852 
140,  715 
67,337 
25,  003 
97.310 
81,454 
25,  755 
171,  87G 
112,  753 
95,  725 
01,152 
29,760 
98,  807 
44,637 
110,  453 
36,  737 
26,  140 
29,  248 
22,  5J6 
128,448 
88,  195 
80,  918 
02,  155 
101,  838 
192,  392 
30,500 
121,310 
43,950 
340,  988 
67,288 
36,685 
96,535 
27,  373 
70,  652 
81,  940 
22,644 
57,332 
77,  665 

1,165 
6,259 
1,842 
5,  096 

31 
15 

C17 

73 
39 
4 

255 

2,324 

252 

8 

24 

15 
5 

18 
CO 
402 
3,219 
24 
3,917 
80 
1 
104 
3 
9,651 
15,503 
52 

71 
81 
21 

202 

2,081 
16 
891 
4,416 
111 
12,  835 
12,  427 
31 
2 
2,562 
6,  059 
3,  303 
1,942 
598 
1,677 
2,531 
3 
6,353 
4,992 
3,808 
1,576 
58 
1,  893 
309 
2,  035 
3,198 

137 
330 

2 

7,272 
3,185 
60 
2,327 

88 
40 
3 
577 
13 
20 
20 
315 
5 
11 
15 

78 
253 
4 
1,167 

63 
ICO 

606 
454 
290 
47 

0 

Lo  -in 

27 
91 
1,777 
945 

4,388 
5 
15 

618 

99 
73 

100 
4,945 
11,703 
17,  320 
6,  739 
4,573 
8,155 

70 
65 
8,293 
978 
200 

294 

474 
1,  135 

o  004 

5 

3,840 

14 
43 

91 

207 
14 
7 

32 
64 

34 

111 
30 
121 
167 
192 
3 

120 

3 
34 

100 
2G9 

4,917 

20 
20 
103 
20 
800 
270 
1,  935 
243 
1,465 
13,  733 
292,  90S 
25 
870 

2,967 

25 
161 

62 

555 
9,376 
3,587 
5,000 
3,238 
10,  204 
3,721 
2,221 
5,516 
11,508 
742 
1,019 
10 
10,  174 

80 
45 
5 
81 

30 
704 
23 
06 
1,  397 

13,  798 
7,302 
3,388 
2,405 
25 
1,757 

0,110 
8,  512 
5,248 
439 

29 
335 
3-13 
252 
5 
101 

347 
1,011 
925 
CO 
25 
225 
25 
433 

10 

00 

2 

9,940 

ICO 

5,247 

59 
10 

5 

125 

100 
18 
130 
33 

404 
57 
6,479 
2  380 

12 

27 
25 
247 
499 
419 
61 
33 
33 

79 
31 

108 

51 
10 

Ohio 

2,072 

4,372 
8 
1,917 
1,161 
18,  472 
15 
981 
14,232 
5 
95,357 

14,  420 

770 

239 
1,  497 
12 
10 
o 

10 
<> 

57 
159 

144 
198 

38 

9,982 
15,  068 
1,932 
5,074 
5,868 
05 
1,351 
40 
1,583 
1  800 

35 
*> 

2.C50 
262 
3,604 
2 
662 
6,225 

4,104 

4,165 
471 
790 
3,800 
4,208 
5,308 
151 
3,529 
4,239 
1,740 
3,232 
997 
569 
5,590 
3,849 
2  111 

72 
64 
311 

50 
10 

357 

55 

480 
C 
289 

25 

229 
73 
18 

Preston  

4 

9,  142 

45 
7,325 

87 

1,970 

1,493 
5,253 
754 
9,519 
1,039 
431 
6,380 
109 
2,880 
2,380 
628 
13,  782 
16,  351 
16,  494 
11,295 
553 

390 
12 
54 
50 
3 

700 
40 
4,574 

55 

COO 
0 

1,112 
02 

no 

25 
300 

5,575 

18 

Pulaski 

62 

1,084 
50 
2,972 
8,511 
3,494 
5 
5,081 
532 
427 
2,199 
3,607 
1,053 
1,178 
610 

51 

57 

Raleigh  

21 

264 
2,030 
647 

21 

15 
50 

90 

11 

209 

Ritchie. 

70 

92,337 
44,  116 
54,071 
199,  750 
427,  593 
135,  940 
87,723 
134,  827 

153 
265 
473 
4,603 
6,485 
8,588 
1,217 
600 

3,580 
1,072 
3,  097 
9,638 
19,  174 
1,466 
1,025 
6,  455 

25 
100 
432 
2,363 
4,  710 
139 
55 
1,110 

135 
180 
213 
2  227 
2,518 
1,040 
542 
1,819 

123 
27 
79 
95 
169 
5 
3 

30 
104 

81 
150 

1 
1,114 
1,242 
50 
23 
225 

208 
574 

Russell 

1 

Scott  

Shenandoah  

1.000 

STATE    OF   VlliGINIA, 


101 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

63 
•  1 
65 
Ofi 
67 
68 
69 
70 
, 
72 
73 
74 
7i 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
61 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 

97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
106 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
•115 
116 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 

I1F.MP. 

Flux,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maplo  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  bhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  homo- 
made,  value  of. 

J 

k 

Q 

Water  rotted,  Ibs. 
of. 

13 

|e 

j.  i 

5 

5 

96 
2,056 
7,  390 
1,781 
8 
2,025 
685 
23,324 
6,205 
42,987 
26,  993 
11,614 
9,296 
10,  240 
3,420 
7,709 
10.648 
897 
3,182 
11,920 
8,964 
40 
8,271 
11,348 
6,883 
3,646 
6,615 
4,210 
1,530 
1,369 
6,433 
410 
2,034 
2,770 
7,339 
4,394 
5,  173 
49,  916 
8,444 
78,844 
1,711 
800 
5,380 
15,  474 
1,492 
1,035 
13,052 
2,831 
3,536 
2,675 
11,797 
1,370 
5,759 
2,392 
3,473 
7,861 
4,716 
10,092 
9,827 
29,693 
36,957 
340 

$1,196 
7,825 
1,382 
2,350 
12,658 
11,700 
10,714 
17,  986 
10,  142 
12,  474 
4,258 
10,  176 
20,168 
2,  802 
12,122 
14,  179 
7,602 
3,670 
5,350 
24,427 
30,885 
3,212 
13,  290 
20,335 
8,248 
2,190 
5,853 
6,016 
1,875 
24,543 
1,315 
1,798 
5,264 
5,241 

6,122 
S,  828 
13,644 
14,614 
32,137 
2,604 
14,  846 
8,426 
20,088 
11,  452 
2,560 
2,863 
4,535 
12,  372 
36,  693 
7,086 
10,  594 
7,109 
3,443 
9,550 
6,305 
1,900 
53,617 
13,973 
29,937 
30,  :!86 
6,676 

: 
110,221 
56,345 
40,214 
71,575 
70  '"^'D 
43,115 
96,  396 
28,817 
30,559 
202,746 
130,  827 
88,920 
8,138 
113,843 
55,990 
44,  944 
55,706 
58,104 
144,  805 
58,132 
41,654 
46,  994 
78,506 
96,  872 
21,325 
150,  185 
126,  182 
31,  305 
64,227 
97,299 
•      86,  525 
68,792 
50,313 
26,  930 
97,468 
71,447 
69,  996 
45,  319 
223,732 
15,284 
41,554 
69,105 
80,  407 
09,241 
53,799 
62,089 
106,255 
83,230 
57,165 
13,363 
24,883 
86,  409 
49,  427 
35,763 
20,571 
59,857 
168,764 
200,691 
89,264 
101,055 
83,204 

COS 

44 

3,522 

60 
10 
6 
185 
8 
1,434 
310 
3,004 
1,309 
1,028 
814 
584 
320 
213 
495 

52 

1 

140 

10,  440 
3,  986 
8,088 
250 
1,  400 
240 
1,970 
3,081 
7,  722 
302 
309 

616 
690 
79 
44 
20 
22 
56 
578 
C75 
8 
8 

25 
9 

11,  176 
11,  365 
3,839 
10 

7,369 
639 
1,071 

80 

10,532 
4,307 

1,141 
115 

125 

16 



701 

46 
65 
1,958 
1,123 
195 

58 

5,383 
146 

20 

19,520 
5,507 
732 

13,954 
1,758 
9C7 

124 
1,500 
13 

380 
10,236 

14 

370 

20 

21,009 

3,033 

5,998 
7,117 
8,153 
1,033 
50 
140 

229 
416 
437 
33 
2 

32,608 
46,  617 
1,678 
1,140 

1,812 
2,885 
206 
146 

7,722 
916 
175 
24 

111 
754 
390 
148 
930 
108 
99 
1,318 
1,052 
32 
08 
265 
71 
423 
394 
3,799 
018 
5,721 
81 
705 
417 
322 
133 
172 
451 
465 
78 
1-J7 
1,002 
77 
231 
108 
99 
650 
378 
499 
854 
1,996 
1,690 
7 

20 

25 
30 

85 

2 

801 

1C,  187 
425 

901 
50 

31 

21,664 

4  315 

10 

200 

501 

279 

57 
2,645 
8,022 
4,396 
4,049 
955 
1,684 
2,105 
5,355 
140 

367 
164 
980 
395 
398 

9,960 

1,556 

2  000 

73 
59,590 

25 
3,342 

132 

CO 

713 
63,725 

29 
2  559 

4,514 

52 
55 

471 

1 

10 

2 

16,723 

1,  721 

579 

575 
2,017 
7,049 
4,805 
2,002 
718 
1,650 

38 
282 
285 
49 
126 
33 
218 

131 

o 

230 

54 
2,804 
734 

2,  114 
3  07° 

445 
99 
1,351 

43,  692 

20 

53 

2C2 

5,420 
4,652 
1,550 
3,115 
10,292 
23,028 
11,421 
144 

214 
108 
186 
305 

e;c 

1,229 
773 
171 

2 

7,988 
6,767 
261 
1,425 
172 
62,481 
35,916 

C03 
189 

13,615 
8,193 
70 
1,816 
10,677 
1,890 
6,130 

51 

4 

2 
30 

7 

20 

2,188 
441 
482 

202 

21 

162 


STATE    OF   VIRGINIA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


185 
126 
127 
188 
129 
130 
131 
13° 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OP  LAKD. 

Cash  valuo  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  valuo  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Uniuiproved.in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mnleg. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

c. 

£* 

^3 
M 

67,528 
131,  963 
116,  007 
62.  377 
50,306 
126,  088 
35,  147 
65,722 
11,101 
39,  794 
49,  170 
12,  093 
66,  489 
110,  552 
29,  581 
5,  732 
76,100 
31,  332 
19,043 
21,  181 
46,  199 
9,923 
110,  879 
88,  030 

145,  162 
168,  708 
117,  059 
63,  960 
123,  922 
134,  426 
38,900 
273,  251 
43,  559 
97,922 
101,  626 
25,  144 
45,  163 
140,  262 
144,  839 
120,  137 
55,415 
124,  821 
94,  124 
175,  425 
94,229 
69,  262 
163,  234 
39,  697 

$2,  656,  469 
1,  615,  065 
8,  394,  424 
1,  536,  580 
1,  082,  056 
1,001.905 
1,  090,  010 
2,  878,  107 
279,  308 
1,500,003 
1,  C65,  426 
406,250 
2,  205,  979 
4,  123,  233 
893,  758 
203,  722 
1,  931,  680 
1,176,511 
579,  126 
506,  618 
1,  673,  864 
234,  595 
3,  793,  227 
1,  167,  320 

$45,  325 
77,  852 
78,  794 
46,  085 
28,  597 
71,  498 
21,  937 
56,  406 
5,735 
35,  696 
33,161 
6,486 
44,  739 
95,  392 
18,  766 
2,814 
47,  030 
20,687 
12,  042 
13,  648 
37,  868 
7,  142 
91,401 
27,  505 

2,459 
1,612 
1,687 
1,380 
629 
1,210 
1,137 
2,970 
448 
1,484 
1,955 
230 
1,405 
4,207 
1,240 
356 
976 
1,508 
874 
825 
1,899 
414 
3,205 
539 

182 
650 
834 
285 
438 
708 
30 
212 
6 
20 
5 
155 
24 
335 
113 
2 
451 
4 
14 
40 
6 
15 
195 
230 

2,487 
2,075 
2,403 
1,686 
982 
1,788 
1,347 
4,002 
536 
1,644 
2,508 
480 
1,365 
4,289 
1,524 
693 
1,546 
1,806 
1,086 
1,700 
2,197 
868 
3,597 
924 

237 
1,280 
1,343 
740 
680 
1,118 
219 
3GO 
78 
476 
305 
28L 
80 
482 
1,297 
89 
1,681 
365 
310 
235 
638 
99 
460 
609 

'      6,  239 
5,724 
2,029 
2,857 
1,654 
3,942 
2,721 
11,291 
1,337 
2,829 
4,690 
896 
4,406 
6,790 
2,642 
978 
2,023 
3,056 
1,589 
2,020 
2,706 
2,365 
7,939 

9,632 
5,998 
4,  156 
3,946 
1,660 
3,884 
4,783 
11,138 
2,651 
8,748 
9,821 
475 
5,229 
14,  866 
7,405 
2,474 
3,565 
6,244 
5,  032 
4,268 
7,  360 
1,  233 
11,  824 
1,271 

Stafford  

133 
134 
135 
136 
137 
138 
139 
140 
141 
142 
143 
144 
145 
146 
147 
148 

Tucker  

Tyler 

Webster  

Wetzel 

Wirt 

Wise 

Wood  

York  

Total 

11,  437,  821 

19,  679,  215 

371,  761,  661 

9,  392,  296 

287,  579 

41,015 

330,  713 

97,  878 

615,  882 

1,043,269 

STATE   OF   VIRGINIA. 


1G3 


AGRICULTURE. 


IJVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

125 
126 
127 
128 
129 
130 
131 
132 
133 
134 
135 
136 
137 
138 
13!) 
140 
141 
142 
143 
144 
145 
146 
147 
148 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  ot 

Rye,  bushels  ot 

• 

i 

s 

1  » 

6 

a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

"o 
1 

«T 
o 

S 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Tcaa  and  beans,  bush 
el*  of. 

A 

a 

£> 

I* 

d    •* 

i." 

1 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush- 
els  of. 

11,385 
38,628 
7,811 
5,638 
9,  :I57 
21,608 
3,710 
13,  962 
1,  291 
5,948 
5,  078 
3,158 
7,240 
22,762 
8,898 
1,  091 
7,  (Xil 
6,293 
4,188 
10,847 
7,258 
4,  733 
16,198 
5,670 

$308.  951 
374,  105 
313,  797 
202,  073 
152,  802 
359,  821 
162,  864 
485,  525 
58,850 
202,  707 
271,  523 
55,682 
299,090 
569,  489 
175,  008 
44,304 
219,  304 
169,  639 
110,  417 
123,  250 
214,  077 
81,992 
411,815 
124,  627 

92,782 
12,287 
132,305 
61,919 
36,761 
87,  359 
20,811 
44,  619 
1,103 
43,727 
27,765 
18,878 
101,776 
119,  368 
35,319 
1,586 
125,  890 
31,  652 
27,488 
11,  108 
74,  236 
5,601 
90,  485 
38,334 

4,542 
4,532 
955 
3,957 

234,904 
572,  995 
255,820 
182,  105 
201,820 
405,  979 
78,001 
206,320 
19,955 
182,  239 
149,  496 
67,  875 
159,  099 
664,  566 
224,  044 
25,602 
342,315 
180,  150 
115,  046 
115,  925 
227,223 
62,420 
301,368 
157,  421 

99,  979 
28,525 
89,265 
54,464 
27,123 
03,442 
25,610 
97,  421 
6,049 
88,512 
20,  337 
5,915 
28,  181 
156,  795 
13,077 
3,100 
19,091 
26,  775 
5,096 
19,458 
19,158 
9,515 
117,  788 
15,  245 

24,020 
100 
1,  G2S,  400 
148,  975 
46  875 

140 
2,563 

20,198 
8,596 
9,747 
10,  570 
3,770 
10,  145 
9,260 
85,830 
4,409 
23,767 
21,010 
1,506 
17,227 
30,281 
12,016' 
3,982 
7,  315 
11,  967 
8,955 
6,768 
15,753 
3,295 
30,  514 
3,497 

12,279 
20,295 
8,993 
'14,085 
7,450 
!  •  H6 
4,894 
9,973 
4,346 
23,733 
13,639 
2,257 
9,577 
20,677 
8,898 
2,194 
7,006 
14,  430 
8,769 
5,893 
33,166 
4,024 
21,687 
4,  057 

366 
138,284 
6,750 
5,784 
20,885 
:.-  .    , 
539 

1,852 

107,355 
206 
1,313 
6,415 
18,580 
161 

60 

180 
898 
7,525 
1,147 
283 
1,719 

592,  040 
3  139 

1,014 

12,  470 
710 
11,225 

276 
44 

1,474 
804 
532 
4G9 
258 
583 
622 
1,152 
410 
2,419 
723 
1,213 
487 
2  152 

5 

653 
455 
10,  421 
• 
3,478 
2,892 
20 
7,383 
151 
1,362 
1,535 
297 
3,631 
122 
22,897 

50,000 



24,629 
3,723 
362 
791 
1,097 
1,529 
202 
2,717 
244 
902 
21,  366 
25 

12,053 
198,  490 
55,  628 

33 



38,875 
84,  989 
44,  074 
2,300 
166,  365 
4,778 
43,644 
71,800 

100 

1 

70 
180 

25 

34 

36 

1,599,919 

47,  803,  049 

13,  130,  977 

944,  330 

38.  319,  999 

10,  186,  720 

8,225 

123,968,312 

12,727 

2,  510,  019 

515,  168 

2,  292,  308 

'1,960,817 

164 


STATE    OF   VIRGINIA, 


AGIUCULTUEE. 


L25 
L26 
127 
128 
129 
130 
31 
133 
33 
134 

136 
137 
38 
L39 
140 
II 
:•: 
143 
•  ', 
145 
146 
17 
148 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushela 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

•3 

fl 
o 

C3 

1 

.3 

1 

1 
O 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

Smyth 

4,651 
19 
615 
1,050 
4 

$8,477 
61,  642 
10 
733 
12,  577 
20,  311 
2,686 

88,  285 
13,  267 
51,  775 
62,  £81 
10,  915 
43,  607 
80,  357 
100,  720 
17,  057 
130,  527 
126,  350 
11,  425 
90,  410 
161,  169 
71,  514 
11,587 
31,265 
124,  342 
41,  602 
42,  833 
12  175 

31,067 

2,  879 
5  088 

123 

1,297 

563 

2 

18 
5. 
5 
75 

$300 
3,293 

870 
1,900 
1,765 
o  400 

4 
139 

25 
101 

Stafford  

240 
30 
506 

5 

26 

58 

310 

Taylor  

3,637 
3,980 
4,662 
5,202 
4,406 

6,499 
10,920 
757 
4,218 
14,060 

3,160 
3,486 
738 
2,649 
3,270 
351 
2,561 
6,270 
631 
268 
2  660 

18 
70 

249 
524 

110 

329 

520 
11,  997 
8,705 
30 
1,258 
16,  374 
4,526 

Tyler 

48 

63 

206 

11 
1 

144 
353 

10 

186 

74 

848 
1,669 
75 
805 

296 
16 
420 

259 

1,829 
6,923 

420 

127 
8 

597 
887 
4 

20 

3 

Webster 

563 

Wetzel 

136 

7,664 
866 
806 
2,783 
946 
7,644 

7,  510 
2,409 
1,882 
2,460 
1,045 
9,481 
1,275 

46 

317 
508 
938 

1,791 
1,113 
192 
3,550 
335 
6,544 
888 

2 
28 
11 
28 
15 
464 
1 

72 
83 
63 
103 
53 
3,  005 

13 
11 

\Virt 

Wise 

16 
68 

4 

1,535 
38 
698 
996 

3 

272 

22,855 
163,  996 
40,  442 

180 
9,008 

3 

259 

Wythe  

2,020 

York 

Total  

68,846 

478,  090 

800,  650 

40,  808 

589,  467 

13,  464,  722 

280,  852 

445,  133 

36  962 

53,063 

10,024 

STATE    OF    VIRGINIA. 


165 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals,  slaughtered,  value  of. 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushelfl  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maplo  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal- 
long  of. 

Sorglmm  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  Ibs. 
of. 

Water  rotted,  Ibs. 
of. 

I* 

b 

si 

1* 

5  578 

584 

10,110 

1,  261 

1,727 

400 
220 
6G 
12,-> 
250 
C89 
110 

97 
171 
64 
515 
732 
1,839 
295 
351 

8,856 
1,  885 
2,905 
2,900 
1,  01!) 
4,820 
5,086 
11,  380 
2,483 
6,014 
•       4,  893 
5,075 
15,  318 
27,120 
10,  171 
4,777 

$12,  560 
8,084 
5,439 
2,286 
1,177 
17,816 
5,494 
26,003 
3,  217 
10,354 
17,545 
700 
4,552 
27,341 
11,697 
3,257 

161,538 
258,363 
06,267 
53,134 
49,  800 
130,560 
22,  383 
74,772 
7,  721 
35,150 
35,217 
19,045 
49,132 
145,  224 
40,241 
6,439 
43,  043 
28,182 
22,  749 
33,186 
51,082 
14,  740 
124,  374 
34,849 

41 

30 

100 

8 

1,951 
8,922 
1,955 
4,878 
10,  426 

81 
582 
82 
175 
319 

8,752 
37,  991 
10  062 



952 
2,708 
501 

:)78 

1,510 

1,980 
1,988 
48 
11,900 
4,  319 

4,820 
18,639 

175 



1,586 
8,333 
4,620 
1,552 

62 

632 
110 
25 

230 
745 
46 
349 



20,019 
3,288 
7,138 



4,339 
10,  134 
219 

1,000 

6,858 
1,  G35 
7,455 
3<iO 
4,561 
13,  112 

357 
144 
286 

4 

1 
1 

10,557 
4,887 
3,470 
100 
3  590 



1,053 
103 
160 
10 
6C9 
673 

6,270 
12,584 
2,164 
7,266 

236 
158 
1,215 
225 
1,601 
338 

. 
2,828 
13,  374 
690 
19,004 
7,934 

6,049 
10,020 
6,360 
6,275 
20,038 
1,  890 

10 
70 

253 
2,597 

4 

20 

50 

13,  707 

637 

13,239 

8,150 

9,588 

487,  808 

32,691 

225 

938,103 

99,605 

221,270 

94,860 

1,431,591 

1,  576,  627 

11,491,027 

125 
126 
127 
128 
129 
130 
131 
KM 
133 
134 
135 
130 
137 
138 
139 
140 
141 
142 
143 
144 
145 
146 
147 
148 


166 


STATE    OF   WISCONSIN. 


A  G  R I  C  U  L  T  U  It  E  . 


1 
a 

3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
IS 
16 
17 
Ih 
19 
20 
21 
._,, 

Kt 
84 
25 
:.-•; 
27 
28 
39 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
3S 

3!) 
10 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
5Q 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Caph  valtle  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma- 
chiut-ry,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mnles. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

d 

A 
00 

47,404 
625 
39,066 
10,  149 
13,  262 

43,  442 
14,  016 
108,  046 
25,074 
43,  695 

$754,  940 
140,  330 
1,  295,  153 
305,  104 
448,  536 

$43,211 
1,585 
66,  729 
18,  378 
20,  574 

004 
14 
1,265 
392 
283 

2 

1,785 
28 
2,475 
749 
940 

1,226 
24 
1,731 
504 
968 

1,692 
28 
3,524 
873 
1,184 

1,042 

25 

1,635 
252 

170 

Buffalo                 

27,  744 
4,312 
2,173 
185,  548 
9,731 

63,279 
6,412 
17,224 
152,  859 
31,322 

970,555 
93,650 
107,  015 
5,  663,  789 
378,  859 

55,722 
3,656 
4,621 
248,  897 
21,202 

540 
78 
31 
5,159 
510 

o 
4 
13 

31 
2 

2,335 
119 
170 
8,374 
635 

2,045 
106 
188 
3,  983 
370 

2,525 

189 
241 
10,  705 
1,011 

1,688 
41 
12 
13,  452 

402 

Clark               

Dallas*  

279,  124 
235,  642 
2,343 
287 
7,308 
8,358 
225,  299 
163,  551 
190,229 
85,386 
80,  618 
15,263 
189,611 
24,631 
108,  113 
23,758 
31,  1S9 
114,  620 
293 
26,  177 
2,971 
45,009 
65,  913 
25,858 
4,  574 
29,523 
63,882 
5,271 
13,  969 
3,159 
23,255 
137,  1G1 
33,627 
256,  309 
19,  488 
93,236 
553 
107,  833 
11,509 
212,  898 
115,022 
165,  492 
26,822 
43,455 
86,  161 
1,403 

301,  566 
184,  009 
14,  566 
3,  125 
20,306 
22,625 
122,  217 
238,  954 
122,  639 
72,  177 
189,  722 
38,780 
93,266 
61,814 
53,700 
87,  705 
68,983 
120,  908 
1,689 
40,936 
17,  395 
102,  776 
48,  712 
58,305 
13,188 
63,338 
54,  S13 
20,  185 
42,929 
9,633 
56,663 
44,569 
102,  494 
158,567 
49,  140 
151,  472 
1,835 
117,839 
27,  130 
89,384 
109,  379 
159,  090 
74,  947 
92,  247 
108,223 
8,661 

9,  423,  494 
8,  589,  663 
93,  152 
35,300 
209,330 
288,  390 
6,  803,  384 
5,  001,  359 
5,  061,  339 
3,  216,  900 
2,  808,  453 
471,  490 
5,  057,  531 
697,  481 
3,  475,  409 
1,  014,  520 
1,  641,  935 
3,  304,  754 
36,600 
801,  102 
113,  040 
1,  017,  305 
6,  236,  295 
1,  019,  155 
103,  770 
1,  355,  713 
2,  370,  375 
228,  780 
533,001 
114,  890 
689,  125 
4,  297,  580 
1,  456,  780 
10,  909,  805 
681,  973 
3,  172,  138 
29,500 
3,  805,  650 
.      367,  240 
6,  778,  235 
3,  916,  598 
7,  530,  996 
1,  063,  226 
1,121,040 
3,  958,  617 
56,800 

402,566 
362,  819 
3,081 
685 
11,  837 
15,  926 
268,322 
284,  991 
241,  438 
136,  065 
173,  545 
24,283 
203,  997 
36,  752 
143,  72C 
47,  826 
111,922 
192,  631 
675 
36,  4.j8 
5,284 
57,008 
151,010 
47,  576 
4,727 
51,864 
145,  790 
10,354 
30,505 
5,290 
33,  952 
176,  689 
74,  496 
429,  607 
34,563 
148,  187 
1,630 
207,909 
12,  516 
254,306 
163,001 
257,585 
43,  714 
57,064 
164,985 
5,115 

8,959 
6,682 
22 
25 
218 
221 
5,646 
7,  5(19 
5,570 
2,473 
4,  040 
335 
4,445 
621 
3,755 
110 
1,056 
5,641 
13 
558 
21 
1,005 
3,048 
709 
119 
610 
1,  516 
191 
391 
98 
475 
4,  367 
1,405 
9,431 
485 
2,672 
26 
2,040 
392 
7,  287 
2,683 
5,943 
526 
900 
3,022 
43 

47 
37 
2 

14,319 
13,  485 
141 
17 
376 
393 
10,383 
8,530 
8,254 
4,507 
5,957 
708 
8,616 
1,484 
6,213 
1,134 
2,138 
6,  580 
6 
1,198 
221 
3,437 
5,365 
1,509 
140 
2,352 
4,842 
306 
786 
204 
1,167 
6,966 
2,332 
11,397 
938 
5,156 
43 
7,539 
771 
8,988 
7,375 
9,289 
1,698 
2,605 
6,408 
118 

5,684 
7,116 
135 
26 
285 
301 
5,226 
2,755 
2,194 
1,965 
2,  019 
496 
3,876 
1,  144 
1,257 
1,861 
1,113 
1,278 
7 
1,329 
240 
2,  074 
1,458 
946 
Ifi8 
1,766 
2,880 
206 
479 
97 
863 
1,366 
1,422 
2,746 
565 
3,074 
42 
5,030 
563 
2,004 
4,730 
3,685 
1,363 
1,783 
2,771 
119 

C,  222 
13,  588 
152 
32 
779 
367 
12,  390 
13,829 
10,  842 
6,949 
8,570 
912 
9,840 
1,667 
6,476 
1,679 
1,928 
9,718 
12 
1,685 
122 
4,307 
3,386 
1,538 
141 
3,783 
4,158 
550 
688 
184 
1,194 
6,941 
2,681 
13,  813 
1,111 
6,111 
51 
7,326 
940 
10,362 
7,682 
8,493 
1,740 
3,254 
6,857 
185 

17,  748 

23,   872 

19 
4 
80 
10 
23,409 
8,305 
10,  817 
9,760 
3,967 
146 
21,  027 
951 
20,  656 
15 
442 
4,112 

9 
3 
30 
155 
35 
12 
34 
6 
26 
5 
22 
4 
18 
93 

Eau  Claire  . 

1 

693 
6 
5,674 
4,483 
790 
59 
1,426 
3,131 
30 
234 
41 
169 
13,  496 
1,282 
24,  728 
27 
5,125 

Marathon  

9 
23 
12 
4 
2 
3 
2 
7 
11 
14 
10 
12 
104 
43 
31 

Pierce  .  .    . 

Polk  

Riehlaud  

Rock  

Sunk  

Shawano  

8 

8,916 
483 
38,659 
9,087 
36,046 
651 
2,602 
11,082 

Trempeleau  

Wuhvorth  . 

52 
4 

48 

4 

6 
3 

Wood  

Total 

3,  746,  167 

4,  147,  420 

131,117,164 

5,  758,  847 

116,  180 

1,030 

203,001 

93,652 

225,  207 

332,  954 

STATE    OF    WISCONSIN. 


167 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

<i 

a 

i 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

• 

Indian  corn,  bushels 
of. 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Ilice,  pouuda  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  lb«.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

Irish  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 

a 

3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
0 
11 
12 
13 
,  1 
IS 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
31 

a 

: 
84 

• 
!G 
21 

- 

a 

30 
31 
33 

33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
33 
39 
40 
II 

a 

43 

11 
49 
46 

17 
48 
49 

,., 

53 
53 
54 

55 

It 
57 

.- 

2,206 
5 
6,040 
1,297 

4,408 

»125,  442 
5,050 
251,  573 
49,025 
109,  282 

81,  489 
150 
179,  572 
21,  475 
76,207 

24,220 
12 
1,040 
5,  137 
1,785 

50,338 
251 
169,  879 
8,105 
51,453 

41,003 
855 
228,  793 
25,865 
32,571 

8 

3,256 

324 
141 
1,045 
2,  110 
215 

27,872 
5,607 
59,650 
29,462 
60,134 

6,006 
370 
475 

4,  507 
90 
472 



20 

4,857 

509 

302 
10,533 
2,085 

149,  612 
17,  516 
19,  244 
793,  770 
74,058 

97,024 
-  14,  154 
3,826 
1,  035,  131 
35,  121 

5,571 
2,400 
1,317 
20,  532 
337 

41,386 
3,110 
4,005 
267,558 
64,505 

71,758 
21,168 
4,189 
530,557 
34,955 

5,738 

5,627 
217 
75 
1,772 
1,043 

40,939 
11,664 
8,820 
118,266 
24,677 

1 

105 
712 
990 

37,918 
628 

117 
1 

19,299 
17,081 
413 
11 
1,345 
059 
10,516 
25,  787 
17,  891 
5,053 
14,805 
1,710 
12,385 
2,  719 
6,089 
2,597 
4,642 
16,  099 
15 
2,300 
295 
4,456 
7,  4U7 
3,899 
312 
5,641 
7,531 
1,391 
2,941 
423 
1,662 
6,269 
6,652 
18,  680 
2,  255 
9,005 
56 
9,843 
1,801 
13,  916 
12,155 
12,  283 
2,998 
4,391 
8,588 
155 

1,  344,  609 
1,  069,  933 
12,958 
6,060 
52,  608 
49,  370 
888,  448 
874,  383 
791,  439 
552,805 
501,307 
73,  071 
065,  523 
119,  975 
448,229 
139,923 
239,  160 
571,  098 
2,900 
86,  213 
14,  757 
237,  279 
390,165 
143,  346 
21,274 
185,  642 
267,  962 
35,543 
89,736 
21,002 
114,  241 
500,698 
242,  669 
1,  233,  831 
95,  919 
493,  847 
4,867 
514,311 
78,632 
898,  637 
470,  995 
810,  692 
133,  611 
216,  216 
488,929 
12,270 

1,  754,  182 
1,  460,  774 
3,401 
170 
34,664 
45,  278 
1,  233,  432 
070,  442 
531,  996 
550,519 
398,  589 
68,137 
418,095 
72,  275 
350,799 
130,  838 
189,  496 
407,  989 
14 
43,  2412 
4,220 
112,792 
118,  307 
111,  437 
1,202 
81,  473 
105,  147 
16,  741 
80,  514 
7,310 
94,  125 
309,  112 
84,  671 
1,  389,  390 
109,071 
361,028 
1,171 
270,055 
52,  440 
807,165 
362,311 
582,  012 
96,889 
141,  149 
448,292 
903 

4,043 
30,  835 
5,674 

570,  536 
246,  303 
5,138 
65 
21,535 
25,381 
152,  804 
871,  845 
540,402 
156,  729 
308,  298 
36,334 
252,  787 
57,  4!I9 
157,  086 
23,  395 
171,  123 
465,203 
170 
2,420 
3,206 
87,842 
88,428 
83,557 
2,325 
44,552 
30,297 
27,910 
60,227 
9,585 
38,165 
120,961 
227,831 
572,  285 
46,287 
259,111 
1,720 
69,035 
50,521 
324,  121 
80,319 
213,  485 
66,441 
138,257 
143,  399 
1,  730 

900,  eai 

066,  101 
5,  459 
315 
31,138 
41,091 
022,  294 
710,  307 
359,  374 
271,809 
379,  613 
113,648 
314,  752 
7'l  fi.->6 

8,968 
2,056 
35 

61,449 
81,  478 

1,952 
2,033 

171 
10 
140 
282 
3,059 
1,251 
939 
392 
445 
279 
441 
394 
633 
5,  349 
431 
1,  109 
32 
5,608 
7 
403 
9,596 
411 
275 
2,859 
10,355 
364 
1,217 
109 
341 
1,  221 
081 
1,995 
570 
770 
28 
18,092 

128,516 
185,  692 
23,846 
3,  725 
29,534 
28,345 
147,014 
149,  896 
75,366 
65,826 
85,559 
36,  472 
109,031 
39,  598 
82,  059 
64,166 
102,  899 
92,244 
1,125 
45,551 
82,556 
60,605 
142,  882 
41,213 
13,625 
70,412 
94,403 
19,775 
51,056 
16,  951 
47,878 
96,341 
51,023 
167,717 
56,440 
110,  732 
3,785 
149,417 
33,543 
119,667 
115,864 
188,892 
61,090 
62,  705 
110,  093 
6,090 

20 
252 

243 
5'J3 
5,526 
3,288 
5,052 
17,  931 
4,111 
1,527 
27,606 
6,037 
4,083 
60,651 
1,012 
357 
30 
32,649 
1,110 
53,448 
41,348 
5,266 

200 
1,500 
4,  (155 

209 
21 
70,  646 
82,  935 
37,  717 
24,081 
7,806 
170 
52,  583 

75 
66 
8 
555 
403 

2,081 

1  000 

40 

1  702 

258 

80 

• 

1,999 
63,525 

232,  976 
64,973 
195,  247 
616,  605 
195 
61,375 
7,  945 
57,964 
212,  249 
93,330 
3,344 
57,  165 
219,  804 
13,728 
70,928 
15,069 
83,851 
222,442 
61,948 
917,  116 
97,  991 
329,603 
1,276 
263,965 
41,780 
538,102 
308,021 
399,423 
35,310 
61,  057 
283,451 
2,865 

91 

11,013 

138 

1,308 

45 

539 

14,909 
13,  379 
2,173 
201 
3,138 
9,742 
70 
47 

3 

135 
100 
1,034 

211 
50 
637 

1 

4,842 
139,  483 
104 
886 
677 
8,022 
4,067 
4,730 
3D,  358 
1,766 
13,587 
60 
85,458 
397 
11,360 
97,  701 
57,881 
9,841 
38,259 
3,179 
1,065 

405 

43,  199 
3,269 
78,073 

62 

83,  340 

73 

1  067 

16,  321 

26,455 
180 
123,110 
28,741 
113,310 
1,671 
9,492 
34,244 

118 
" 

26,400  !  

1,103 
4,584 
4,889 
433 

785 
811 

110 
1,000 
305 
886 

110 

50 

334,055 

17,  807,  375 

15,  657,  458 

888,544 

7,517,300     11,059,260 

87,340    

1,011,933 

99,484 

3,  818,  309 

2,396 

1G8 


STATE    OF    WISCONSIN. 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

COUNTIES. 

(hi 

0 

"c 
d 

,3 

j? 

1 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheeep,  pounds  of. 

*J 

o 
• 
a 

$ 

'ff 

a 

"3 
,a 

,a 

1  = 

fe 

_O 

u 

"w 
,d 

to 
3 

JD 

I  = 

1 

O 

Hope,  pounds  of. 

124 

228 

$10 

142  648 

G  G92 

1  958 

o 

100 

13 

$3°5 

1  437 

°58 

14 

Had  Ax 

4  07  n 

1  203 

138 

13 

8  °78 

144  917 

6  192 

4  08° 

1°0 

I 

1 
986 

188 

53 

15 

4  635 

46,  738 

920 

2  303 

46 

8  0()7 

198 

83  457 

1  710 

6  703 

Burnette*  

3  358 

]0g 

158  (H3 

8  675 

tmn 

g 

540 

331 

775 

300 

230 

Clark 

63 

66 

19  898 

35 

1  1°9 

29  581 

903 

3  503 

]53 

1  890 

580  145 

44  936 

30  418 

1 

894 

!)4I 

97G 

423 

54 

765 

40  170 

3  OGO 

3  01° 

g 

1° 

Dallas*  

63  °°4 

1  °49 

1  769 

235 

800  °08 

7-1  G19 

01  °(>3 

18 

Gl 

83  91  r) 

900 

8  482 

"79 

85C  2°  I 

49  391 

178 

4  119 

15 

50 

550 

4  051 

205 

16 

50 

12 

100 

50 

140 

i 

B1H 

599 

1  123 

24  050 

1  350 

2  0°6 

18 

134 

406 

1  791 

3°  711 

1  195 

2  831 

47  905 

1,398 

2  570 

731 

634  774 

144  467 

50  014 

146 

1  617 

13  122 

25  05° 

1  482 

5  D83 

45°  G°7 

43  307 

33  IT) 

13S 

21 

9  623 

1,025 

2  812 

85 

877 

C73  966 

76  °°7 

38  9C3 

116 

1  779 

103 

00 

22  165 

455 

989 

207 

2  639 

331  400 

33  196 

20  435 

17 

764 

2,857 

03 

6  872 

452 

726 

Q 

5  711 

295  r)78 

13  190 

28  °°8 

19 

-,  i 

o  ogo 

905 

1  19° 

54  580 

2  G50 

3  002 

GO 

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13  508 

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7  G44 

428 

2  460 

512  800 

49  371 

35  838 

27 

46  878 

26 

1  459 

812 

1  1°  6  10 

6  67° 

9  0°1 

7 

5° 

.  - 

20  358 

1  336 

2  790 

1  11° 

1°  834 

37G  U79 

45  267 

30  007 

138 

85 

13  7°8 

8  803 

Gl  716 

7  1°3 

5  338 

816 

2  °60 

109  401 

15  31G 

TO 

15  4-12 

513 

1  598 

7G° 

314  434 

30  4G2 

30  088 

526 

333 

13 

31 

SO 

200 

100 

48 

TO 

4  796 

226 

13G  457 

740 

3  410 

39 

245 

8 

Tl 

73 

36 

8  180 

1  097 

34 

449 

110 

53 

003 

2°3  474 

10  965 

15  158 

o 

33 

3  GOO 

35 

9,349 

431 

4,106 

340 

51  451 

4'J7,  COS 

11,812 

21,554 

263 

261 

115 

Ifi 

2  329 

892 

141  020 

G  194 

8  276 

o 

284 

T7 

3° 

10 

05 

780 

9  805 

°0 

1  G87 

38 

7G9 

658 

330 

32 

36  749 

189  874 

4  C60 

6  727 

15 

410 

191 

*W 

21  349 

1  509 

138 

0 

]OG 

287  704 

15  170 

8  419 

12 

1  Oil 

40 

393 

1  054 

313 

°0  474 

G10 

2  150 

17 

41 

2  572 

1  003 

20 

18° 

56  G99 

3  695 

3  026 

10 

180 

20 

4° 

I'olk  

130 

070 

3 

11  147 

250 

905 

25 

4? 

448 

214 

86  730 

7GO 

3  385 

79 

44 

Racine 

12  898 

850 

2  666 

124 

10  439 

4°6  6**° 

29  280 

28  551 

323 

991 

74 

45 

235 

815 

85 

2'J5  301 

2  95*5 

8  403 

116 

3 

46 

Hock  

102  378 

1  294 

7  950 

29° 

9  119 

804  104 

91  5G7 

40  7-18 

35  G 

3  397 

4,379 

47 

Saint  Croix  

1,472 

643 

54  795 

2  407 

4,104 

5 

20 

48 

Sauk  .. 

6  154 

o  550 

497 

200 

2 

36D  °86 

30  547 

23  414 

27 

406 

19  316 

49 

50 

33 

2  240 

414 

50 

°4  OC8 

3  857 

503  970 

05  i(37 

14  739 

2  394 

4 

SI 

1  645 

171 

71  000 

4  1°0 

4  3-13 

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49  291 

771 

9  347 

758 

10  674 

594  063 

88  499 

42  275 

740 

2  835 

G7 

v* 

Washington  

52  611 

494 

o  5Q3 

'J21 

103 

404  93  I 

10  173 

12  211 

75 

1  723 

2  350 

17  187 

607  954 

r)9  185 

35  104 

405 

814 

18  4J8 

55 

1,793 

022 

d 

3°0 

153  275 

5  HO 

7,455 

159 

1,  450 

5fi 

56 

310 

800 

29G  10° 

8  191 

13  142 

37 

57 

5  072 

833 

1  °78 

318 

464  840 

27  733 

36  057 

7 

179 

1G,  886 

58 

Wood  

100 

330 

472 

Total 

707  307 

38  987 

°08  730 

13  611  3°8 

1  104  300 

855  O.T7 

3  852 

26  512 

135  587 

*  No  returns. 


STATE   OF   WISCONSIN. 


10!) 


AGRICULTURE. 


1'HODUCED. 

Animnl*  slaughtered,  value  of. 

1 

I 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 

• 

14 
IS 
16 

18 

91 

- 
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27 

as 

• 

31 
33 

34 
35 
36 

40 
41 
1 
43 

1 
47 

SI 

54 
55 

57 

HEMP. 

Iiax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

1 

t*  *o 

9 

§ 
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• 

"U 

1 

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0 

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3 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

i 

1  - 

i  i 

u 

y. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

! 

& 

t    & 

ft  g 

E 

r 

5 

2 

- 

316 

(1W 

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761 
46,  859 
9,  198 
19,  624 

12,200 
48,054 
23,763 

61 
4,  CO! 
545 

7 

841 
11 

85 
1 

1 

57 

101! 
4 
96 

7,  978 
50 
1,986 

2,573 
195 
200 

40 

165,  550 
1,800 
13,801 
6 
4,391 

6,958 

75 

1,177 

278 

36,  579 

3,  793 
3,586 
.       133,  636 

17,  575 

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695 
1,194 

10 
130 
123 

350 
3,201 
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100 

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361 

1,379 
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119 
2,660 

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98 

570 

107 
357 

3,  143 
12,  182 

2,  452 
8,238 

252,567 
196,609 
1,041 
1,020 
17,381 
10,08^ 
147,  561 
185.  578 
177,  836 
81,831 
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17,490 
151,  183 
22,  126 
78,  019 
24,  821 

1 

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8,832 
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13,713 
1,  085 

1  000 

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25 

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ICO 

1 
71 
1,222 
15 
3 
186 

293 
1,071 
886 

80,368 
7,086 
31,  583 
301 
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100 
103,  9CC 
16,  692 

3,344 
729 

1.227 
10 
30 

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496 

7,'fi 
07 
27 
12 
234 
120 
20'J 

9,  751 
16,004 
13,583 
2,685 
2,104 
335 
6,  923 
2,795 
3,  356 
100 

?,123 
6,964 
9,181 
291 
312 

75 

5,  3-19 
1,  747 
1,  075 
579 

21 

730 
221! 
17 

54 
4 

47 

4 

178 

4,  !)!U 
433 

1,163 
1,151 
15,639 

830 

70,563 

7  °95 

2 

862 

200 
6,800 
67,  394 
3,345 
100 
29,023 
150 
9,015 
175,609 
19,  649 
2,875 
nl  603 

727 
10 
1  ^76 

298 

6,728 

1,734 

103,  129 
410 
20,031 
2,144 
4.'),  741 
73,  229 
24.096 

4,  o:;s 

35,  497 
57,001 
8,  263 
18,714 
3,076 
20,167 
72,668 
56,154 
216,992 
19,  180 
106,  507 
997 
05,416 
12,  432 
187,  462 
93,338 
159,  523 
31,  195 
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2,850 

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1,670 

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2,382 
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6,039 
2,966 
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2,260 
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71 
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4,144 
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209 
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101 

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825 

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17,  349 
1,  163 
20 
3,100 

661 

20 

50 
3,540 
1,337 
82,572 
970 
4,030 
22,099 
1,300 
157,  5S3 

( 

46 
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2,266 

1,473 
9,382 
2,161 
19,567 
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312 

21 
240 
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9 
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315 
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813 
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6,403 
12,208 
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160 
16 
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309 
220 
43 
31 
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7,221 
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8,153 
4,812 
10,  412 
1,418 
1,215 
5,601 

1,056 

20 
852 

10,030 
909 
50 
76 
92 

401 
47 
6 
1 
3 
1 

1,200 
95,  769 
45,  994 
42,231 
20,888 
20,  807 
2,035 

595 
8,015 
1,  578 
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3 
119 

5,369 
4,966 
2,649 

498 
991 
407 

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23 

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57 
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15 
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1 

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17 

242 

21,644 

4,256 

15 

1,  584,  451  |      19,  854 

83,  118 

1 

8,008 

207,294 

187,992 

3,  365,  261 

22 


170 


TERRITORY    OF   DAKOTA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


- 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

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LIVE  STOCK. 

g 

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AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

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DISTRICT   OF    COLUMBIA. 


171 


AGRICULT U  R  E . 


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DISTRICT. 

PRODUCED. 

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340             20  548                                     l.r)  °00 

100               3,  749 

31,  093 

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AGRICULTURE. 

DISTRICT. 

PRODUCED. 

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15 

AGRICULTURE. 

DISTRICT. 

PRODUCED. 

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172 


TERRITORY    OF    NEBRASKA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
! 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
< 

21 

•  :: 
24 
25 
•>; 
27 
28 
29 
30 
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32 
:. 
. 
:. 

COUN  TIES. 

ACRES  OP  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

s 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Fanning  Implements 

chinery,  value  c 

| 
o 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Oilier  cattle. 

& 
GQ 

Buffalo  

57:1 
1,  593 

2,941 
9,  258 

$14,  300 
41,490 

$1,510 
3,705 

14 
50 

31 

138 

45 

127 

09 
224 

Burt 

1 

30 

Butler*  

150 
16,  9C3 
455 
1,229 
104 
2,897 

256 
39,  014 
3,960 
4,357 
1,910 
14,  416 

4,  180 
518,381 
8,  590 
21,800 
4,120 
57,  950 

305 
23,  401 
1,225 
32,  300 
750 
7,032 

3 
C74 
31 
03 
5 
130 

9 

8J9 
07 
116 
13 
309 

14 
482 
78 
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171 

13 

1,  361 
72 
97 
29 
368 

Cass 

15 

5-12 

Cedar  

Clay 

1 

15 

Cuming  

8 

40 

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Dixon  

983 
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5,551 

4,068 
12,  022 
34.  727 

12,380 
49,  155 
305,  510 

1,815 
4,316 
11,093 

31 
73 
264 

115 

119 
340 

84 
83 
206 

142 
191 
419 

4 
13 

10 

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1,075 

1,281 

18,595 

1,780 

21 
8 
9 
117 
3 

5 
2 

1 

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3 

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224 
9 

73 
4 
117 
139 
11 

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63 
181 
10 

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8,  503 
40 

4,772 
10,  838 
120 

23,  150 
60,  822 
1,000 

2,  9-10 
4,  CGI 
150 

Johnston  

51 

Jones  

Kearney*  

Lancaster  

400 
368 
209 
25,  080 

2,190 
3,  132 
1,711 
40,047 

11,000 
7,210 
0,500 
392,  C55 

1,905 
735 
375 
21,130 

28 
12 
10 

717 

o 

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8 
11 
904 

38 
43 
24 
COS 

75 
9 
6 
1,069 

33 

L'Eau  qui  Court  

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15 
19 

5 

300 

Xuckolls*  . 

Otoc  

26,  890 
3,  475 

2,  876 

190,  223 
14,  986 

17,  195 

1,309,770 
93,  300 
35,  200 

27,  815 
4,938 
0,  123 

875 
142 
108 

203 
3 

12 

1,304 

208 
199 

8,496 
183 
176 

1,298 
403 
312 

250 
101 
4 

Platte  

Madiaou*  

roik*  

11,001 
30 
C,  616 

45,  412 
450 
33,  671 

352,  505 

20,958 
200 
14,716 

565 
15 
338 

91 

891 
41 
.  440 

723 
C9 
246 

1,098 
12 
544 

745 

Saline  

Sarpy  

313,  753 

9 

140 

Shorter*  

4,  497 

18,  862 

127,  950 

n,  040 

137  1                        5 

270 

2S1 

449 

0 

Total  

118,  789 

512,  425 

3,  878,  326 

205,  GC4 

4,449 

409 

6,995 

12,594 

17,608 

2,355 

*No  returns. 


TERRITORY    OF    NEBRASKA. 


173 


AGRICULTURE. 


i.ivr.  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

1 

I 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

3 

.3 
ft 

o 
1 

Indian  corn,  bushels 
of. 

OatB,  bushels  of. 

Kice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pouuds  of. 

Ginned  eotton,  bales 
of  400  ibs.  each. 

o 
g 

1 

Peas  and  b<-nns,  bus-h 
ols  of. 

•a 

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3 
JS 

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i 

£ 

1 
o 

3 
4 

5 
6 

7 

9 

10 

11 

13 
14 
15 
10 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 

30 
359 

?3,  290 
15,  74!> 

815 
820 

15 

16,200 
23,015 

200 
1,320 

25 
235 

0,200 
4,145 

96 

28 
4,  392 
129 
199 
6fi 
9C8 

1,  1F3 
1(10,  073 
7,  375 
11,810 
2,  494 
31,305 

133 

74,  9C6 
10 
703 

2,187 

1,450 
362,  800 
2,  9C5 
75 
1,480 
24,  370 

100 
15,876 

15 
533 
10 
62 
15 
954 

225 
20,  850 
1,380 
1,091 
615 
10,  121 

110 

550 

1,139 

1,350 

21 
539 

5 

341 
200 
1,  228 

10,205 
14,  034 

41,  895 

411) 
2,508 
8,593 

5,020 
13,  680 
73,  990 

30 
2,731 
12,462 

84 
210 
293 

3,  115 
3,035 
1,472 

90 

70 

163 

19 

3 
1G 
615 
8 

7,530 
1,  23.-) 
9,840 
22,  047 
750 

270 

15  950 

7 

103 

1,731 

29,050 
41,525 
COO 

10  420 

917 

190 

62 

2,935 
30 



239 

32 

3,331 

7,  34.') 
2,  005 
4,  350 
104,  286 

455 



3,880 
9,  100 
202,814 

45 

15 
203 

830 
11,463 
2  550 

23 
24 
23 
20 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 

18,677 

581 

4,804 

203 

11,463 

3,  ".03 
1,  653 

474,  302 
29,  571 
22,736 

9,536 
1,518 
1,884 

236 

201,105 
60,005 
18,550 

14,  083 
318 
1,697 

594 
249 
180 

22,532 
4,593 
5,991 

28 
110 

1,459 

173 

4,  690 

1,  775 

107,  097 
2  CIO 

6,945 

113 

191,925 

6,070 

1  550 

1,422 

223 

11,517 

6 

58,  148 

8,650 

72,  910 

10,703 

307 

209 

14,306 

603 

32  642 

~  ~-,- 

43,105 

3,253 

552 

8,978 

25,  369 

1,  128,  771 

147,807 

2,495 

1,482,080 

74,502 

3,636 

3,302 

5,029 

162,  188 

1C8 

174 


TERRITORY    OF   NEBRASKA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


• 

PKODUCED. 

COUNTIES. 

1 

" 
f 

3 
^3 

X 

n 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wino,  gallons  of. 

•c 

£ 

B.« 

s  § 

•£  -s 
£  £ 

j*   5 

n 

o 

•9 

a 
& 

o 
^ 

^ 
B 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

o 

c 
£ 

x 
hrt 

Clover  peed,  bushels 
of. 

» 
c 
'S 

0 

.0 

1     ° 
1 

0 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

1 

Buffalo           

20 

175 

$300 

100 

495 

s 

Unrt                  

30 

8,710 

450 

990 

3 

Butler* 

80 

50 

31 

2  070 

o 

59  561 

775 

517 

5 

_ 

1  000 

450 

341 

Clav 

344 

4  425 

50 

289 

g 

1,000 

80 

162 

9 

Dakota 

1  000 

14,  950 

1  260 

1  910 

10 

11 

5  035 

711 

140 

7  919 

962 

•  • 

705 

711 

49 

2  OC5 

22,  102 

140 

2  348 

512 

41 

i  ' 

Tort  Randall*  .  .  . 

1  • 

« 

40 

3  700 

60 

194 

Ifi 

17 

Hall 

15 

200 

600 

900 

18 

445 

12  "90 

150 

481 

19 

300 

100 

•   , 

2 

2  575 

245 

0(! 

500 

122 

°t 

270 

°4 

1,  1  50 

370 

44  481 

438 

2  074 

14 

gg 

Xuckolls*  .... 

°fi 

Otoe        

110 

2  840 

70 

991 

54  905 

5  500 

4  967 

119 

07 

921 

17  231 

1  109 

1  152 

33 

°fl 

Platto 

•J°8 

9  861 

50 

]  263 

?0 

Polk* 

ni 

13D 

1  97° 

17  487 

300 

230 

10 

T* 

220 

Tf 

713 

240 

4  438 

27  CM5 

1  300 

1  982 

IS 

3 

11 

40 

333 

50 

210 

2'>3 

24  434 

230 

1  744 

Total  

1  108 

^o  004 

125 

671 

10  582 

342  541 

12  342 

24  458 

5 

705 

41 

*  No  return 


TERRITORY    OF   NEBRASKA. 


175 


A  GRI  CULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

e 

T5 

'a 

3 

to 

s 
£ 

•3 
fl 

J^ 

HEMP.    . 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flnxsced,  bushels  of. 

•3 

a 
a 

I 

c   o 

o 

o 
^e 
GQ 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

•a 

u 

1  .  • 
3  ° 

11 

_c 

"H. 

a 
**, 

Sorghum  molapsos, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufacture*,  home 
made,  value  of. 

ra 

a 
o 

£,. 

1  ° 

1 

Q 

"Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

•Q 

o 

a 

Qi 

fe    £ 

P.  S 

t.  -a 

o 
£J 

o 

. 

GO 

$J,  202 

20 
19,684 
515 
817 
16.' 
4,  «72 

1 

2 

100 

6,315 
110 
191 
GJ 
668 

2,  3."X) 

$11,823 

600 

213 
1,  033 
3-JO 

9.-,9 
1,  464 
3,  &~S> 

22 

15 

110 

2To 

15 

96 

251 

1,319 

681 

1,717 
120 

90 

650 
65 

1,749 

63 

14,010 

2,104 
2  171 

110 
o 

1,010 

375 

14,  761 
4,070 
1,  853 

24 

208 

' 

6 

o 

120 

2  953 

913 

13,  913 

2,125 

365 

370 

7,208 

1,937 

15 

925 

2,740 

3,162 

7 

2 

o 

320 

12(1 

°~j 

23,  -107 

142 

5,  843 

15,995 

97,  709 

176 


TERRITORY   OF   NEVADA. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 

COIJXTIES. 

ACHES  OF  LAND. 

i 
1 

O 

i 
* 

tt 

0 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

d 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cowfl. 

"\Vorkiug  oxen. 

_c- 
rt 

0 

u 

£ 

O 

5; 

14,112 

41,  986 

$303,  340 

$10,  981 

541 

134 

947 

'C18 

3,904 

37(i 

20 

100 

2 

Total     

14,  i:iS 

41,  986 

302,  340 

11,  081 

S41 

134 

947 

C20 

3,904 

370 

AGRICULTURE. 


COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

t.4 

o 

,c 

£ 

>i 
« 
" 

n 
« 

Buckwheat,  bushels 

of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value-  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

o 

•q 

p 
p 

O 

P. 

s 

•  1 

o 

o 

a 

_o 

£ 

s 

"5 

J3 
P 

,a 

L, 

£ 

5 

Grass  seeds,  bushels 

of. 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

],547 

$2,225 

7,700 

2,213 

St  Mary  . 

50 

Total  -     ... 

1,597 

2,225 

7,700 

2,213 

*No  returns. 


TERRITORY   OF   NEVADA. 


177 


A  G  R I C  U  LT  U  R  E  . 


i.ivi:  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

"NVheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

• 

1 

P 
A 

1   ° 

U 

§ 
3 

a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  beans,  bush 
els  of. 

a 
A 

1     0 

!* 

ja 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 
2 
3 

3,  .171 

$177,  553 

3,581 

98 

• 

400 

88;! 

330 

13 

5,086 

200 

85 

50 

200 

2 

3,  571 

177,  658 

3.C31 

98 

400 

1,083 

330 

15 

5,686 

200 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animulssluughtcrcd,  value  of. 

1 

S 

3 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flazsced,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhda.  of 
1,000  pcunds. 

Mnple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

, 

£2 

f 

c  'S 
S 

fl 

Water  rorttd,  Ibs. 
of. 

•a 

In 

£  | 

|f 
ij 

| 

$300 

$8,185 

1,200 

300 

9,365 

23 


178 


TERRITORY   OF   NEW   MEXICO. 


AGBICULTURE. 


1 
s 

3 

'    4 
5 
6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

COUNTIES. 
• 

ACRES  OP  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

1 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  ozen. 

Other  cattle. 

OH 
| 
02 

12,  216 
12,  189 
14,  490 
3,  243 
28,  077 
4,947 
13,260 
21,  550 
7,175 
9,777 
22,344 

28,  101 
623,  061 
23,554 
4,875 
270 
7,003 
200,  581 
149,  205 
7,001 
18,  903 
142,  296 

$395,  700 
321,  532 
180,  540 
90,310 
281,  488 
103,  203 
181,  000 
559,  296 
183,  905 
230,  378 
179,  924 

$10,  839 
23,434 
12,  069 
7,930 
26,  999 
7,358 
5,  824 
55,  297 
0,207 
22,  691 
8,203 

1,827 
1,375 
054 
480 
1,028 
420 
416 
929 
495 
1,477 
059 

276 
2,930 
077 
340 
1,012 
499 
043 
1,186 
223 
1,208 
1,607 

1,255 
•        5,  601 
1,380 
2,137 
2,056 
873 
993 
8,515 
2,528 
2,822 
0,209 

730 
2,979 
1,679 
1,384 
1,957 
0-14 
1,  584 
3,  943 
3,169 
3,766 
3,  431 

3,  445 
5,570 
1,397 
2,015 
570 
1,705 
2,500 
2,  01!) 
3,812 
3,792 
1,  513 

610 
208,  682 
21,  697 
36,  230 
14,  857 
37,  070 
28,  910 
06,  682 
35,  368 
90,  251 
103,  723 

149,  274 

1,  205,  635 

2,  707,  386 

192,  917 

10,066 

11,291 

34,  369 

25,  266 

29,  094 

830,  116 

AGRICULTURE. 


1 

'J 
3 
4 
S 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

o 

M 

P 

.0 

>> 

1 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Butter,  poundu  of. 

'JO  Bpunod  '8903TI£) 

o 

a 
£ 

>] 

rt 

•a 
i> 
A 

P 
& 

1     * 

0 

> 

_o 

5 

-J3 
S 

£1 

1° 

P 
5 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

4,905 

$2,  250 
6,074 
50 
2,000 

5,700 
908 
1,300 
4,200 

26,  950 
1,200 
1,000 

325 
C95 

$4,  048 
1,200 

2,630 
200 
1,000 

935 

10,  128 
1,095 
75 
150 
1,425 

50 

2,810 
4,430 

26 
520 

55 
5,480 

10 
33 

Sunta  F6     . 

195 

c-i 

4,140 

10 

415 
190 

2,400 
155 

50 

6 

no 

240 

40 

Total  

6,099 

• 

19,  651 

8,260 

17,  664 

13,  259 

37,240 

1,113 

TERRITORY   OF   NEW   MEXICO. 


17!) 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE 

STOCK. 

PRODUCES 

. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Eye,  bushels  of. 

Indian  corn,  bushels 
of. 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Kice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peafl  and  benns,  bush 
els  of. 

Irish  potatoes,  bush- 
ela  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

°0°  407 

296  698 

5  304 

19 

9  408 

1  7°0 

100 

I 

958 

1  050  °63 

10  212 

42  149 

190 

023 

06,340 

3  399 

10 

1 

1  °30 

60  616 

200 

3  684 

24 

80 

• 

4°l 

23  290 

19  211 

2,280 

50 

35,730 

867 

752 

; 

517 

219  97° 

44  317 

45  538 

75 

4  071 

1 

3')(! 

216  311 

4  986 

70 

9  328 

957 

4 

95  023 

453 

ft 

895 

°10  750 

6  061 

22  913 

715 

25  600 

785 

7 

931 

63-J  534 

9  G61 

88  492 

50 

83  498 

1,315 

349 

g 

1  013 

°98  4°0 

20  965 

38  997 

8  625 

4  461 

718 

9 

1  30') 

5°f»  048 

71  617 

31  755 

3  819 

93  861 

4  215 

1  650 

g 

1  00° 

705  658 

15  500 

53  587 

398 

83  690 

5  854 

1  1 

4  499  746 

434  309 

1  300 

709  104 

7  246 

7  044 

19 

49°  645 

38  514 

5  °°1 

180 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

HEMP. 

Flux,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

-3 

a 

3 

s. 
§,•3 

a 

• 

o 

1 

S3 

Cano  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,000  pounds. 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax  pounds  of. 

v 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  Ibs. 
.  of. 

AVuter  rotted,  Ibs. 
of. 

I* 

g-  * 

S    J3 

&.  — 
cC 
<>i   a 

%* 

1,950 

$5,511 

107 

tno.i    ; 

51,  C25 
7,848 
11,898 
15,903 
15,839 
15,790 
41,804 
31,495 
26,356 
98,584 

85 
1,975 
18,  514 

214 

*i  oral  ' 

26,  406               347,  105 

*Iii  addition,  1,  519  gallons  produced  from  corn  stalk. 


180 


TERRITORY    OF    UTAH. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 
2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
1." 
19 
BO 
21 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms 

I  arming  implements  and  ma* 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mules. 
. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

_o 
rt 
h 
A 

6 

| 
CO 

1,728 
4,323 

6,  280 
64  S 

8,378 

14 
359 

1,977 

$13,  129 
84,  075 
132,  130 
6,735 
255,  899 

$7,840 
7,624 
17,  059 
3,  231 
18,  101 

145 

202 
252 
49 
527 

75 
o 

24 

8 
79 

332 
646 
941 
2<13 
1,041 

247 
471 
1,  080 
86 
715 

262 
840 
648 
204 
1,242 

674 
936 
1,769 
164 

4,100 

Cedar              .       ... 

Davis  

885 

I 



300 
2,656 
1,276 

1,241 
14,  235 
8,819 
197 

1,000 
18,  196 
7,  375 
13,  868 
290,  970 
104,  600 
2,320 

600 
11,290 
7,198 
6,772 
44,  161 
33,  031 
1,450 

1 

211 
73 
215 
!>71 
345 
14 

14 
28 
42 
39 
224 

6 
445 

SOG 
631 
1,  602 
1,331 
115 

75 
341 
172 
205 
1,152 
1,668 
40 

219 

336 
285 
627 
2,372 
1,221 
114 

1,  855 

1,  334 
700 
7,  259 
5,569 
256 

Millnrd  

554 
2,823 
3,583 

11 

S           't* 

1,820 
14,941 

107 
725 

42,  010 
129,  660 

6,  115 
56,  652 

115 

750 

10 
244 

448 
2,277 

273 
1,519 

415 
2,  34  1 

1,691 
7,  OJ8 

Walade* 

1,  5  10 
8,  933 

110 
1,336 

47,  064 
184,  324 

4,  850 
16,  915 

136 
559 

26 
25 

382 
1,211 

165 
879 

320 
1,729 

1,303 
2,598 

Weber  

Country  E.  of  Wasatch 

77,219 

12,  692 

1,333,355 

242,  889 

4,565 

851 

11,  967 

-,.  9,  168 

12,959 

37,  322 

AGRICULTURE. 


1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
i  ; 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 

COUNTIES. 

PRODUCED. 

o 

"3 

a 

"£ 

rt 

a 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  pro 
ducts,  value  of. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

o 

-a 
a 
a 
o 

p, 

1 

o 

s 

o 

d 
2 

_f 

a 
a 

£ 

•c  (^ 

1     ° 
b 

_O 

3 

"o 
^a 

3 

^ 
^   — 

0      ° 

£ 

1 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

112 
780 
578 
23 
2,941 

6,925 
24,  641 
34  3UO 

3,  470 
2,  395 
1,  600 
2,040 
3,855 

274 
1,  243 

1,578 

3:ifi 

1,549 

• 

Box  Elder  

... 

Cache  

21 

1 

Cedar  

4,065 
33,114 

i 

Davis  

$140 

Greasowood*  

50 
421 
603 
477 
2,673 
3,347 
71 

Iron  

252 

7,682 

8,160 
12,215 
39,  462 
32,  549 
1,795 

1,825 
2,218 
9,950 
4,  555 
3,995 

Millard  

Salt  Lake  

2,  630 
76 

26 
8 

7,296 
1,335 

CO 

$9,  4  15 

i 

40 
48 

30 
3 

.Shambip  

Summit*  1 

Toocle  

32 
1,478 

300 
160 

225 
160 

12,  390 
45,  667 

1,260 

5,548 

957 
4,  354 

61 

Utah  

12 

Waladc*  

Washington  

11 
1,063 

6,705 
46,  286 

6,710 
3,910 

17 
1,285 

2 

500 

WebcT  

13 

50 

Country  E.  of  Wasatch 
Mountain**  

Total 

-    | 

9,976  i                  68 

9,281 

60 

9,  830 

316,  046 

53,331 

19,235 

3 

149 

545 

TERRITORY   OF    UTAH 


181 


AGRICULTURE. 


r,ivi:  STOCK. 

rr.oDUCED. 

«! 

i 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

o 

a 

e 

j^ 

cT 
K 

Indian  corn,  bushels 
of. 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  ponndfl  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

o 

•5 

a 

o 

c. 

"o 
o 

f 

Peas  and  benns,  bush- 
els  of. 

1 

f  " 

o    o 

f.  2 
i 
» 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 
2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 

11 

15 
16 

17 

18 
111 
20 

a 

170 
352 
365 
126 

54:1 

$47,  507 
0!),  835 
118,903 
21,355 
140,  950 

11,729 

18,077 
29,341 
0,223 
40,  170 

33D 
7,202 
7,  '.177 
370 
11,429 

1,  184 
4,031 
2,906 
400 
3,523 

3 

1,007 
2,063 
3,1)55 
512 
7,924 

15 

20-J 
4C8 

4,881 
7,340 
9,771 
1,719 
11,220 

10 

100 

375 

280 

1 

5,  500 
50,  705 
39,  285 
58,  215 
248,  100 
188,  722 
8,200 

2  500 

200 
7,071 
3,293 
3,  198 
22,  7<U 
15,654 
788 

314 

149 
173 
1,081 

032 
38 

29,236 
9,680 
12,  789 
41,843 
55,  439 
3,  141 

10 

1,570 
2,103 
301 
17,  598 
1,084 
73 

2,  702 
1,387 
988 
7,  291 
1C,  710 
379 

5  211 

2!) 
G 
20 
7.'H 
81 

2,882 
1,516 
13,  396 
9,573 
453 

100 

3 

146 
1,566 

30,  070 
270,  706 

7,002 
73,710 

2,  OO'J 
13,000 

1,  031 
12,  921 

3,040 
12,685 

87 
36 

2,039 
35,016 

50 

183 
869 

44,431 
102,  037 

5,  285 
40,  021 

3,  838 
19,600 

215 
4,  303 

30 

2,  500 
6,788 

174 
400 

1,481 
13,  909 

143 

(i,  707 

1,  510,  707 

384,  892 

754 

90,  482 

63,211 

IX 

74,  705 

2,  53.-) 

141,  001 

i 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

o 
V 
s 
• 
> 

if 
£ 

1 

ji 

'S 

• 

i 

'H 

1 
3 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
0 

:  • 
13 
14 
15 
B 
17 
- 

SI 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

I 
1 

1*' 

S 

o 
a 
a 
O 

Maple  supar,  pounds 
of. 

*rt 

Ea 

s 
1  ° 

"°    a 

S  £ 
o 

| 

H 

Sorglmm  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

•^ 
t   i 

ae 

fcj 
A 

o 

1 

590 
1,202 
1,029 

$976 
1,284 
1,700 
275 
2,907 

$6,732 
11,519 
15,415 
3,  198 
23,823 

435 
KO 

| 

113 

815 

12  ' 

3,871 

1 

800 

! 

100 

I 

2,879 
1,425 
15,  974 
14,833 
805 

7,855 
9,412 
40,  289 
28,905 
935 

1 

1,377 
45 

40 

4,716 
030 

1 

j 

1   

15 
100 

2 

8 
2  622 

2,150 
12,244 

7,335 
47,004 

1,000 
336 

10 

7  728 

4.306 
5,093 

7,522 
27,538 

8     

2  353  ' 

1 

114 

4,343 

33 

40 

*C5,  475 

66,851 

244,  862 

*  lu  addition,  7,  033  gallons  produced,  of  other  kinds. 


182 


TERRITORY   OF   WASHINGTON. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

3 

4 
5 
6 
• 
K 
'.) 
10 
11 
\S 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES  OF  LAXD. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

K 

o 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

d 

o 

0 

.a 
cc 

Chilialis  .  .  . 

739 
508 
13,  364 
2,681 

2,  !)3G 
4,727 
46,  490 
16,  971 

$49,  500 
90,  300 
428,  510 
153,400 

$2,  785 
3,035 
23,  336 
5,469 

41 
9 
612 
135 

2 

102 
78 
1,499 
507 

40 
48 
331 
143 

320 
117 
3,  001 
920 

0 
29 
369 

480 

Clallam  

Clark  

4 
1 

Inland*  

488 
2,  132 

6,978 
12,  894 

75,  230 

50,  150 

2,860 
3,225 

14 
50 

103 
280 

40 
40 

173 
341 

3 

14 

Kliekatat  

1  222 
8,133 
1,075 
15,  593 
649 
723 
3,  440 
23,  894 
6,902 
103 
100 

9,185 
24,  439 
6,336 
32,  788 
14,  862 
3,  329 
8,719 
59,  515 
29,233 
2,598 
2,287 

48,  550 
287,  785 
49,  400 
178,  940 
69,417 
17,  800 
79,  300 
362,  930 
179,810 
77,  400 
13,400 

6,270 
20,  745 
2,180 
23,  360 
5,808 
1,  193 
14,  205 
40,  521 
32,920 
1,  CIO 
230 

187 
405 
02 
019 
35 
33 
Cll 
804 
1,070 
10 
9 

20 
6 
6 
4 

793 
801 
169 
1,109 
114 
71 
330 
1,960 
1,532 
33 
53 

221 
79 
45 
287 
76 
22 
96 
384 
683 
18 
16 

1,000 
1,  058 
318 
1,  744 
305 
78 
420 
3,  389 
2,256 
70 
52 

741 
164 
4,190 

Pacific 

18 
18 
33 
1 
30 

2,  833 
1,  240 
96 
6 

Walla-Walla  

Wahkiakum 

Total  

81,  869 

284,  287 

2,  217,  842 

190,  402 

4,772 

159 

9,600 

2,571 

16,228 

10,  157 

AGRICULTURE. 


1 

3 
4 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
LO 
11 

!  'I 

13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

COUXT1ES 

PRODUCED. 

o 

1 
5 
t*. 

& 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

Market-garden  prod 
ucts,  value  of. 

Cutter,  pounds  of. 

o 

*a 
a 

ff 

p, 
P 

o 

a 

u 

•s 

a 

O 

£ 
a 

,3 

3 
£ 

IS  .^ 
0     ° 
h 

> 
J3 

O 

"«J 

£3 

ja 

1° 

2 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

Chihalis  

$625 
100 
12,239 
3,  105 

3,530 
200 
43,  706 

10,  736 

100 

32 

8 

Clallum  

20 
161 
000 

Clark  

491 
'  60 

$14,291 
2,615 

131 

7,000 
1,000 

1,983 

520 

100 
79 

3 
6 

Cowlitz  

3 

Island*  

300 

1,480 

2,  120 
2,605 

134 
99 

10 
15 

1,240 

Kitsap*  

Kliekatat  

215 

3,848 
9,280 
6,895 
21,  030 
1,990 
825 
5,285 
35,487 
2,770 
015 
100 

400 

30 

Lewis  

Pacific  

170 

810 

23 
150 
55 
82 
445 
394 
571 
57 
5 

4 

13 
3-1 
0 

Pierce  

100 

1,030 

Sawamish  

118 
75 

1,  575 
1,  825 
100 
310 
1,400 
780 
50 

Skamania  

278 
47 
2,000 

96 
1,070 
830 

41 

35 

Thurston  

50 

1,300 

48 

Walla-  Walla  

Wahkiakum  

1,250 
500 

3 

Total  

4,  621 

707 

20,  619 

179 

24,  399 

153,092 

12,  146 

4,580 

7 

311 

44 

TERRITORY   OF   WASHINGTON 


183 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

Swine. 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  busbels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

Indian  corn,  buehels 
of. 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peafi  and  beans,  bu.-li  • 
eh  of. 

a 

S 
& 

i* 

5  " 
I* 

M 
& 
E 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

341 
348 
1,482 
040 

$20,  035 
13,  773 
139,  G53 
42,  078 

590 
4,306 
6,  796 
1,778 

3  300 

1,200 
250 
2,356 
2,880 

2,870 
29,950 
28,904 
ll,78o 

2  °50 

37 

548 
18 

16,  264 
645 

10 

1,  315 

980 

120 
225 

13,  220 
23,  785 

960 
1,3!)5 

3,080 
920 

90 
773 

7,400 
14,282 

131 
OKI 
112 
662 
119 
55 
105 
878 
296 
20 
233 

75,756 
97,  070 
21,831 
157,  775 
10,717 
5,830 
42,038 
225,830 
189,  860 
5,505 
8,475 

8 
14,  115 
1,275 
15,  493 
150 
50 
6,061 
28,418 
4,719 
45 

470 
24  245 

6 
93 
815 
1,109 
286 
41 
52 
508 
25 
300 

120 
5,370 
8,695 
16,404 
9,190 
2,720 
1,999 
19,  590 
2,845 
880 
590 

1,875 
315 
11,  080 

3,375 
16,425 
170 
105 
5,068 
35,  362 
22,  305 
290 

30 

2,050 

18 

34 
35 
25 
1,996 
6 

27 
150 

3,  719 

535 

• 

6,383 

1,  099,  911 

86,  219 

144 

4,712 

134,  334 

10 

19,  819 

10,  850 

163,  594 

18 

AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

HEMP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhdB.  of 
1,000  Ibs. 

Sorghum  molasses, 
gallons  of. 

Beeswax,  pound*  of. 

Honey,  pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  of. 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

•3 

£ 

a 
o.    . 

It 

(u 

I.  •" 

a 
.a 

0 

$3,185 

504 
CO 

4,638 
018 

$20,  758 
3,  MS 

21,308 
5,015 
1,350 

4,300 

S.008 
4,270 
4,550 
22,805 
390 
2,315 
7,589 
20,014 
500 
750 

| 

| 

40 
210 

i 

717 

30 

1,7-19 

i 

100 

1 

30 

564 

5,256 

33,506 

80,909 

184 


RECAPITULATION  — 1860. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 
g 

3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 

10 
M 
1-,' 
13 
i  1 
r, 
16 
17 

ie 

'19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
:;- 
29 
3 
:;; 
33 
:;:; 
34 

1 
S 
3 

4 
5 
6 

7 

STATES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  in  farms. 

Unimproved,  in  farms. 

E 

o 
EM 

Asses  and  mules. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

p. 
8 

M 

X 

6,  383,  724 
1,  !)83,  313 
2,  468,  034 
1,  830,  807 
637,  OC5 
654,  213 
8,  062,  758 
13,  096,  374 
8,  242,  183 
3,  792,  792 
405,  468 
7,  C44,  208 
2,  707,  108 
2,  704,  133, 
3,  002,  267 
2,  155,  512 
3,  476,  296 
556,  230 
5,  065,  755 
6,  246,  871 
2,  367,  034 
1,944,441 
14,  338,  403 
6,517,284 
12,  625,  394 
896,  414 
10,463,296 
335,  128 
4,  572,  060 
6,  795,  337 
2,  650,  781 
2,  823,  157 
1  1,  437,  821 
3,  746,  167 

12,  718,  821 
7,  5UO,  393 
6,  202,  000 
673,  457 
367,  230 
2,  206,  015 
18,  587,  732 
7,  815,  615 
8,  146,  109 
6,277,115 
1,  372,  932 
11,  519,  053 
6,  591,  468 
3,  023,  538 
1,  833,  304 
1,  183,  212 
3,  554,  538 
2,  155,  718 
10,  773,  929 
13,  737,  939 
1,  377,  591 
1,  039,  084 
6,  616,  555 
17,  245,  683 
7,  846,  747 
1,  164,  125 
6,  548,  844 
186,  096 
11,  623,  859 
13,  873,  828 
22,  693,  247 
1,431,257 
19,  679,  215 
4,  147,  420 

$175,  824,  623 
91,  649,  773 
48,  72C,  804 
90,  830,  005 
31,  426,  357 
16,435,727 
157,  072,  803 
408,944,033 
356,  712,  175 
119,  899,  547 
12,  258,  239 
291,496,955 
204,789,662 
78,  688,  525 
145,  973,  677 
123,  255,  948 
160,  836,  495 
27,  505,  922 
190,  760,  367 
230,  632,  126 
69,  C89,  761 
180,250,338 
S03,  343,  593 
143,  301,  005 
678,  132,  991 
15,  200,  593 
662,  050,  707 
19,  550,  553 
139,  652,  508 
271,  358,  985 
88,  101,  320 
94,  289,  045 
371,  701,  661 
131,  117,  164 

$7,  433,  178 
4,  175,  326 
2,  538,  506 
2,  339,  481 
817,  883 
900,  069 
6,  844,  387 
17,  235,  472 
10,  457,  897 
5,  327,  033 
727,  694 
7,  474,  573 
18,  648,  225 
3,  298,  327 
4,  010,  529 
3,  894,  998 
5,819,832 
1,  018,  183 
8,  826,  512 
8,  711,  508 
2,  083,  012 
5,  7-1  C,  567 
29,  166,  695 
5,  873,  942 
17,  538,  832 
952,  313 
22,  442,  842 
586,  791 
6,151,057 
8,  405,  792 
0,  239,  452 
3,  665,  953 
9,  392,  296 
5,  758,  847 

127,  063 
140,  198 
100,  610 
33,  276 
16,  562 
13,446 
130,  771 
563,  736 
520,  077 
175,  088 
20,  344 
353,  704 
'78,  703 
60,  637 
93,  406 
47,  780 
136,  917 
17,065 
117,  571 
361,  874 
41,101 
79,  707 
503,725 
150,  001 
625,  346 
36,  772 
437,  054 
7,121 
81,  125 
290,  882 
325,  698 
69,  071 
287,  579 
110,180 

111,087 
57,358 
3,081 
82 
2,294 
10,  910 
101,  009 
38,539 
28,  893 
5,  734 
1,496 
117,034 
91,  702 
104 
9,829 
108 
330 
377 
110,  723 
80,941 
10 
6,  362 
1,553 
51,388 
7,194 
980 
8,832 
10 
50,450 
120,  345 
63,  334 
43 
41,015 
1,030 

230,  537 
171,003 
205,  407 
98,  877 
22,595 
92,  974 
299,  683 
522,  634 
363,  553 
189,  802 
28,550 
269,215 
129,  662 
147,  314 
99,  463 
144,  492 
179,  543 
40,  344 
207,  646 
345,  243 
94,  880 
138,818 
1,  123,  634 
228,  623 
676,  585 
53,  170 
673,  547 
19.  700 
163,  938 
249,  514 
601,  540 
174,  667 
330,  713 
S03,  001 

88,  316 
78,  707 
26,004 
47,  939 
9,530 
7,301 
74,  487 
90,380 
117,  687 
56,  964 
21,  551 
108,  999 
60,358 
79,  792 
34,  524 
38,221 
61,  686 
27,  568 
105,  603 
166,  588 
51,  512 
10,  067 
121.  703 
48,511 
63,  078 
7,  409 
60,  371 
7,837 
22,629 
103,  158 
172,  492 
42,  639 
07,  872 
93,  052 

454,  543 
318,  089 
948,  731 
95,091 
25,  596 
287,  725 
631,707 
970,  799 
588,144 
293,  322 
43,354 
457,  845 
326,  787 
149,  827 
119,  254 
97,  201 
238,  615 
51,345 
410,  660 
657,  153 
118,  075 
89,  909 
727,  837 
416,  676 
895,  077 
93,  492 
085,  575 
11,548 
320,  209 
413,000 
2,  761,  736 
153,  144 
615,  682 
225,  207 

370,  156 
202,753 
1,  088,  002 
-117,107 
-  18,857 
-30,  158 
512,  018 
769,135 
f!91,175 
259,  041 
17,  509 
938,  990 
181,  253 
452,  472 
155,  705 
114,  829 
1,271,743 
13,  044 
.    352,632 
037,  445 
310,534 
135,  228 
2,  617,  855 
546,  749 
3,  546,  767 
86,  032 
•  1,  031,  540 
32,021 
.  233,509 
773,317 
•  753,  303 
•  752,  201 
1,  043,  209 
332,  954 

California  

Florida 

New  York 

Ohio 

Total  States  

102,  649,  848 

241,  943,  671 

6,  631,  520,  046 

245,  205,  206 

6,  224,  056 

1,  138,  103 

8,516,872 

2,  204,  275 

14,  699,  215 

21,  590,  700 

TERRITORIES. 

Columbia,  District  of.  .  . 
Dakota  

17,  474 
2,115 
118,  789 
14,  132 
149,  274 
77,  219 
81,  869 

16,  789 
24,  333 
512,  425 
41,  986 
1,  265,  635 
12,692 
284,  287 

2,  989,  267 
96,  445 
3,  878,  326 
302,  340 
2,  707,  386 
1,333,355 
2,  217,  842 

54,  408 
15,  574 
205,  664 
11,081 
192,  917 
242,  889 
190,  402 

641 
84 
4,449 
541 
10,  006 
4,505 
4,772 

122 
19 
409 
134 
11,291 
851 
159 

639 
286 
6,995 
947 
34,  369 
11,967 
9,000 

69 
348 
12,  594 
620 
25,  266 
9,168 
2,571 

198 
167 
17,608 
3,904 
29,094 
12,  959 
16,228 

40 
193 
-2,  355 
370 
-£30,110 
-37,  332 
.  10,  157 

Utah  

Total,  Territories  .  .  . 
Aggregate,  States  and 

460,  872 

2,  158,  147 

13,  524,  961 

912,  935 

25,  118 

13,045 

64,863 

50,636 

80,158 

880,  569 

163,110,720 

244,  101,  818 

6,  645,  045,  007 

246,  118,  141 

6,  249,  174 

1,151,148 

8,  581,  735 

2,  254,  911 

14,  779,  373 

22,  471,  275 

KOTE.— Milch  cows — California,  p.  10—905,  407,  should  read  205,  407. 


RECAPITULATION  — 1860. 


185 


A  G  R  I C  U  L  T  U  II E  . 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PBODDCED. 

A 
a 

'£ 

Gf 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

Wheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

• 

~v 
J3 

s 

£> 

go" 

U 

a 
• 

•3 
a 

t 
"3 

.n 
• 
0 
f 

rt 

O 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  cotton,  bales 
of  400  lb«.  ench. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 
\ 

Feaeand  bennH,bunh- 
flu  of. 

Iri*h  potatoes,  bush 
els  of. 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush- 
ell  of. 

1 
! 
. 
i 
3 
li 
. 
- 
i 
10 

12 

j 

" 
16 
, 
- 
•• 
: 
£1 

23 
84 
25 
96 
27 

89 

30 

:  . 
33 

:   : 
34 

1 

9 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 

1,  748,  331 
1,  ITI.lElli 
4  X,  396 
75,  ISO 
47,  848 
271,742 

s,  ma,  no 

2,  502,  308 
3,099,110 
934,  820 
138,  224 
2,  3M,  595 
634,  525 
54,783 
387,750 
73,  948 
372,  386 
101,371 
1,532,768 
2,  354,  425 
51,935 
236,089 
910,  178 
1,883,214 
2,  251,  053 
81,615 
1,  031,  266 
17,  478 
965,179 
2,  347,  321 
1,  371,  532 
52,912 
1,  599,  U19 
334,055 

143,411,711 
22,  01)6,  977 
35,  565,017 
11,311,079' 
3,  1-14,706 
5,  553,  356 
38,  372,  734 
72,  501,  225 
41,855,539 
22,  476,  293 
3,  :132,  450 
61,  868,  237 
24,  546,  940 
15,  437,  533 
14,  667,  853 
12,  737,  744 
23,  714,  771 
3,642,841 
41,891,692 
53,  693,  673 
10,  924,  627 
16,  134,  693 
103,  856,  296 
31,  130,805 
80,384,819 
5,  946,  255 
69,  672,  726 
2,  042,  0-14 
23,  934,  465 
60,  211,  425 
42,  825,  447 
16,241,989 
47,  803,  049 
17,  807,  375 

1,218,444 
957,  601 
5,  928,  470 
52,  401 
912,941 
8,808 
2,544,913 
23,  837,  023 
16,848,267 
8,  44U,  403 
194,  173 
7,  3U4,  809 
32,  208 
233,  876 
6,  103,  480 
119,  783 
8,  336,  368 
2,  186,  993 
587,925 
4,227,586 
238,965 
1,  763,  218 
8,  681,  105 
4,  743,  706 
15,119,047 
826,  776 
13,  042,  165 
1,131 
1,285,631 
5,  459,  268 
1,478,345 
437,  037 
13,130,977 
15,  657,  458 

72,  457 
78,  092 
52,140 
618,  702 
27,209 
21,306 
115,532 
951,281 
463,  435 
183,  022 
3,833 
1,  055,  260 
36,065 
123,  287 
518,  901 
388,085 
514,  129 
121,411 
39,  474 
293,  262 
128,  247 
1,  439,  497 
4,  786,  905 
436,  856 
683,686 
2,704 
5,  474,  788 
28,259 
89,  091 
257,  989 
111,  860 
139,271 
944,330 
888,544 

33,  226,  282 
17,  823,  588 
510,  708 
2,  059,  835 
3,  892,  337 
2,  834,  391 
30,  776,  293 
115,  174,  777 
71,588,919 
42,410,686 
6,  150,  727 
64,  043,  633 
16,  853,  745 
1,546,071 
13,444,922 
2,  157,  063 
12,  444,  676 
2,941,952 
29,  057,  682 
72,  892,  157 
1,  414,  628 
9,  723,  336 
20,  061,  049 
30,  078,  564 
73,  543,  190 
76,122 
28,  196,  821 
461,497 
15,  065,  606 
52,  089,  926 
16,500,702 
1,525,411 
38,319,999 
7,  517,  300 

682,  179 
475,  268 
1,043,006 
1,522,218 
1,046,910 
46,  899 
1,231,817 
15,  220,  029 
5,  317,  831 
5,  887,  645 
88,325 
4,617,029 
89,377 
2,  988,  939 
3,  959,  20S 
1,  180,  075 
4,  036,  980 
2,  176,  002 
221,235 
3,  680,  870 
1,  329,  233 
4,  539,  132 
35,  175,  134 
2,  781,  860 
15,  40<J,  234 
885,  673 
27,  387,  147 
244,  453 
936,  974 
2,267,814 
985,  889 
3,  630,  267 
10,  186,  720 
11,059,260 

493,  465 
16,831 
2,140 

232,  914 
989,  !)80 
3,  150 
6,  000,  133 
9,699 
828,815 
919,318 
6,  885,  262 
7,  993,  378 
303,168 
20,  349 
108,  126,  840 
39,  940 
1,583 

989|955 
367,  393 

775,117 
410,382 
•ft,  683,  109 
335,  896 
50,201 
59,  171 
946,227 
1,989,567 
•2,  552,  318 
660,  858 
24,  746 
-2,  329,  105 
.290,  847 
'  1,495,060 
491,511 
377,  267 
3,  960,  etd 
20,388 
665,  959 
2,  069,  778 
1,  160,  222 
349,250 
9,  454,  474 
883,  473 
.  10,  608,  927 
219,012 
4,  75S,  522 
-  90,699 
427,  102 
1,  405,  236 
1,  493,  738 
3,  118,  950 
2,510,019 
1,011,933 

1,482,036 
440,  472 
165,  574 
25,864 
7,438 
363,217 
1,765,214 
108,028 
79,  902 
41,081 
9,827 
288,346 
431,148 
246,  915 
34,407 
45,  246 
165,  128 
18,  988 
1,  954,  666 
107,  999 
79,454 
27,674 
1,609,339 
1,932,204 
102,  511 
34,  407 
123,  090 
7,698 
1,  728,  074 
547,803 
341,  961 
70,654 
515,  168 
99,  484 

491,  646 
418,010 
1,  789,  463 
1,  833,  148 
377,931 
18,766 
303,789 
5,  540,  390 
3,  806,  647 
2,  806,  720 
296,335 
1,  756,  531 
294,635 
6,  374,  617 
1,  264,  429 
3,  201,  !K)1 
5,  261,  245 
2,  565,  485 
414,320 
1,  990,  850 
4,  137,  543 
4,171,690 
26,  447,  394 
KM,  565 
8,  695,  101 
303,319 
11,  687,  467 
542,  909 
226,735 
1,  182,  005 
174,  182 
5,  253,  498 
2,  292,  398 
3,  818,  309 

5,439,917 
1,560,540 
214,307 
2,710 
142,  213 
1,129,759 
6,  508,  541 
306,154 
299,  516 
51,362 
9,  965 
1,057,557 
2,060,981 
1,435 
236,740 
6:6 
38,492 
792 
4,  563,  873 
335,102 
161 
1,  034,  832 
7,529 
6,140,039 
304,445 
335 
103,  187 
MS 
4,115,688 
2,  604,  672 
1,846,612 
623 
1,960,817 
2,396 

223,704 
52,  507,  652 

65,153 

701,  840 
1,482 

61 
777,  738 



6,  331,  257 

38,  410,  965 
3,  233,  198 

716 
3,  286 
809,  082 
9,767 

121  099 

38,938 
159,141 
25,  086,  196 
18,581 
149,  485 
5,  764,  582 
32,  853,  250 
25,  092,  581 
405 
3,181,586 
705 
104,412 
43,  448,  097 
97,  914 
12  215 

1,202,507 
41,188 





7,  593,  976 

145,  514 

119,  100,  528 
40,  372 
26,031 

353,412 
296,464 
431,  463 

8,225 

123,  968,  312 
87,340 

12,727 

33,  459,  138 

1,  080,  758,  386 

172,034,301 

21,  088,  970 

836,  404,  593 

172,  330,  722 

187,  167,  032 

434,  183,  561 

5,  386,  897 

59,  673,  952 

15,001,017 

110,629,993 

•1  '_'.  1   K-.  h.-,| 

1,  099 
287 
25,3fi9 
3,571 
10,313 
6,707 
6,383 

109,  640 
39,116 
1,128,771 
177,638 
4,  499,  746 
1,  516,  707 
1,  099,  911 

4 

12,760 
945 
147,  867 
3,631 
434,  309 
384,  892 
86,  219 

6,919 
700 
8,495 
98 
1,300 
754 
144 

80,840 
20,269 
1,  482,  080 
460 
709,  304 
90,  482 
4,712 

29,548 
2,540 
74,502 
1,082 
7,246 
63,211 
134,334 

15,200 
10 
3,636 

100 

3,749 
286 
5,029 
15 
38,514 
2,535 
10,850 

31,  693 
9,489 
162,188 
5,686 
5,223 
141,001 
163,  594 

5,606 



3,302 

330 
492,  645 
74,  765 
19,  819 

168 
200 
180 

7,044 

19 
136 

10 

18 

53,729 

8,  571,  529 

1,  070,  623 

12,410 

2,  388,  147 

312,  463 

25,900 

155 

590,961 

60,978 

518,  874 

6,172 

33,  512,  867 

1,  089,  329,  915 

173,  104,  924 

21,101,380 

838,  792,  740 

172,643,185 

187,  167,  032 

434,209,461 

5,  387,  052 

60,  264,  913 

15,061,905 

11,  148,  667 

42,  095,  026 

186 


RECAPITULATION  — 1860. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

g 

3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 

11 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
86 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 

STATES. 

PRODUCED. 

Barley,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orchard  products, 
value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

ri 
o 

»^ 

a   o 

1  1 

=3     > 

2  „- 

II 

3 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

4^ 

O 

a 

3 
K 

S3 

K 

at 

*3 
,a 

3 

.0 

-o"  ti 

v     0 

t, 

0* 

1 

5 

1! 
fi 

.  I 

F 

z 

0 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

15,  135 
3,  158 
4,415,426 
20,  813 
3,046 
8,  3G9 
14,  083 
1,  036,  338 
382,  245 
407,  103 
4,716 
270,  085 
004 

80S,  108 
17,  350 
134,  891 
307,  868 
109,  608 
1,875 
228,  502 
121,103 
24,  915 
4,  180,  C68 
3,445 
1  603  868 

1,  347 
509 
76,887 
309,  107 
16,355 

$223,312 
56,025 
754,  236 
508,  848 
114,225 
21  259 

18,  267 
1,004 
246,  518 
46,  783 
683 
336 
27,  046 
50,  690 
102,  895 
3,309 
583 
179,  948 
2,910 
3,164 
3,222 
SO,  915 
14,  427 
412 
7,262 
27,827 
9,401 
21,  083 
61,407 
54,  064 
568,  617 
2,603 
38,621 
507 
24,  964 
13,  506 
14,  199 
2,  923 
40,808 
6,278 

$103,  002 
37,  845 
1,101,835 
337,  025 
37,  797 
20,  828 
201,  916 
387,027 
546,  153 
109,  870 
31,041 
458,  245 
413,  169 
194,  006 
530,  221 
1,  397,  623 
145,  883 
174,  704 
124,  281 
346,  405 
76,  256 
1,  541,  995 
3,  381,  596 
73,663 
907,  513 
75,  605 
1,  384,  963 
140,  291 
187,  348 
303,  226 
178,  374 
24,  802 
589,  467 
208,  730 

6,  028,  478 
4,  OC7,  556 
3,  095,  035 
7,  620,  912 
1,  430,  502 
408,  855 
5,  439,  765 
28,  052,  551 
18,  306,  651 
11,  053,  666 
1,  093,  497 
11,  716,  009 
1,  444,  742 
11,687,781 
5,  265,  295 
8,  297,  936 
15,  503,  482 
2,  957,  673 
5,  006,  610 
12,  704,  837 
6,  956,  704 
10,  714,  447 
103,  097,  280 
4,  735,  495 
48,  543,  162 
1,  000,  157 
58,  653,  511 
1,021,707 
3,  177,  934 
10,  017,  787 
5,  850,  583 
15,  900,  359 
13,  404,  722 
13,011,328 

15,923 
16,810 
1,  343,  689 
3,  898,  411 
6,579 
5,  280 
15,  587 
1,848,557 
605,  795 
918,  635 
29,  045 
190,  400 
6,153 
1,  799,  862 
8,  342 
5,  294,  090 
1,641,897 
199,  314 
4,427 
259,  633 
2,  232,  092 
182,  172 
48,  548,  289 
51,119 
21,618,893 
105,  379 
2,  508,  556 
181,  511 
1,543 
135,  575 
275,  128 
8,  215,  030 
280,  852 
1,  104,  300 

62,  211 
9,356 
305,  655 
562,  425 
36,973 
11,  478 
•    46,448 
1,  774,  554 
622,  426 
813,  173 
56,  232 
158,  476 
52,  721 
975,  803 
191,  744 
665,  331 
768,256 
179,  482 
32,  901 
401,070 
642,741 
508,  726 
3,  564,  793 
181,  365 
1,  564,  502 
27,  986 
2,  245,  413 
82,  722 
87,  587 
143,  499 
11,805 
940,  178 
445,  133 
855,  037 

244 
95 
90 
13,  671 
.3,  595 

630 
3,168 
286 
13,  024 
1,165 

507 
146 
80 
959 
414 

Florida  

2,023 
324,  117 
396,  989 
215,  705 
41,575 
18,  928 
160 
239,519 
212,  338 
123,202 
529,916 
28,  052 
1,699 
18'2,  292 
89,  996 
877,  386 
5,  126,  307 
35,  924 
2,  370,  650 
2,719 
5,  572,  024 
3,573 
602 
14,481 
1,349 
225,415 
478,  090 
38,  987 

176,  048 
1,  126,  323 
1,  258,  942 
118,377 
630 
604,  849 
114,339 
501,  767 
252,  196 
925,  519 
1,122,074 
649 
254,  718 
810,975 
557,  934 
429,  402 
3,  720,  380 
643,  688 
1,  929,  309 
478,  479 
1,  479,  937 
83,  691 
213,  989 
305,  003 
48,  047 
211,  693 
800,  650 
78,  690 

633 
18,  831 
60,  726 
3,454 
103 
2,  308 
1 
48,  849 
•   39,811 
1,295 
54,  408 
432 
8 
2,216 
12,  690 
39,  205 
106,  934 
332 
243,  489 
1,433 
247,  351 
1,221 
28 
8,573 
585 
2,445 
36,  962 
3,852 

1,914 
191,273 
34,914 
69,  366 
3,  043 
62,561 
700 
6,306 
3,195 
4,  652 
8,045 
3,182 
1,084 
55,  713 
5,569 
85,  408 
81,625 
3,008 
54,  990 
3,883 
57,  193 
4,  237 
38 
42,113 
5,  228 
11,  587 
53,063 
36,  512 

199 
7,  254 
27,  884 
2,078 
197 
5,899 
27 
102,  987 
2,943 
111,301 
60,  602 
133 
248 
2,265 
130,  428 
3,722 
9,  671,  931 
1,767 
27,  533 
493 
43,  191 
50 
122 
1,581 
123 
638,  677 
10,  024 
135,  587 

Illinois 

Ohio  

26,  254 
530,  714 
40,  993 
11,490 
25,144 
67,  562 
79,211 
68,  846 
707,  307 

Rhodo  Ibluud 

Total,  States 

15,  802,  322 

17,  558,  253 

19,  932,  229 

1,617,954 

15,955,390 

458,  827,  729 

103,  548,  868 

19,028,262 

955,  87J1 

898,  875 

10,  991,  351 

TERRITORIES. 

Columbia,  District  of.  .  . 
Dakota  

175 

445 
115 
12,224 

9,980 

118 

139,  408 

18,  835 
2,170 
342,  541 
T.700 
13,  259 
316,  046 
153,  092 

3  180 

15 

855 
24,458 
2,213 

1,113 
19,  235 
4,580 

302 
5 

1,108 

1,597 
6,09!) 
9,976 
4,621 

125 

671 

10,582 
2,225 
17,  604 
9,830 
24,  399 

12,  342 

705 

41 

Nevada  

6 

68 
707 

19,651 
9,281 
20,619 

8,260 
60 
179 

37,  240 
53,331 
12,  146 

Utah 

3 

7 

149 

311 

545 
44 

Total,  Territories  .  .  . 
Aggregate,  States  and 

23,  576 

13,  565 

59,  656 

9,288 

204,  108 

853,  043 

115,  059 

55,634 

317 

1,165 

645 

15,  825,  898 

17,  571,  818 

19,991,885 

1,627,242 

16,  159,  408 

459,  681,  372 

103,  663,  927 

19,  083,  896 

956,188 

900,  040 

10,991,996 

RECAPITULATION  — 1860. 


187 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animalgslaughtered,  value  of. 

1 
2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
II 
15 
16 
17 
1R 
111 
20 
21 
23 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 

I 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 

HKMI'. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoonx,  pounds 
of. 

Maplo  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,»00  pound*. 

"a 

M 

aT 
%  "o 

rt        X 

•o    a 
i  ^ 

i 
5 

Maple  molasses,  gal 
lons  of. 

I     . 

i! 

ii 
I1 

o 
«i 

Beeswax,  pounds  of. 

•jo  spanod  'Idaojj 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  valuu  of. 

Dew  rotud,  tens 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

I 

i 

£  a 
P.  g 

..  & 
s 

A 
0 

Ill 
3,821 

63 
545 

315 
5 

228 
3,077 

175 

85,115 

55,60.1 

115,60-1 
552 
399 
1,613 

100,  987 
50,949 
584 
4,371 
1,993 
10,  899 
61,  505 
56,  730 
34,525 
34,226 
1,181 
08,339 
20,  970 
8,769 
6,960 
3,889 
41,632 
1,  5-14 
42,  603 
79,  190 
4,936 
8,  130 
121,020 
170,  495 
53,786 
179 
52,569 
540 
40,  479 
98,  892 
28,123 
8,794 
94,800 
8,008 

47,233 
806,327 
12,276 
62,  730 
66,137 
115,  520 
953,915 
1,  346,  803 
1,224,489 
917,  877 
16,  944 
1,768,692 
255,  481 
314,685 
193,  354 
59,  125 
769,  282 
34,  285 
708,237 
1,  565,  983 
125,  142 
185,  925 
2,  369,  751 
2,  055,  969 
1,  459,  601 
821 
1,402,  128 
5,201 
526,  077 
1,519,390 
594,  273 
212,  150 
1,431,591 
207,294 

11,817,520 
1,  019,  240 
255,653 
48,954 
17,  591 
63,259 
1,431,413 
923,  220 
986,  393 
317,690 
24,  748 
2,  095,  578 
502,  100 
490,  786 
67,003 
245,  886 
142,  756 
7,981 
1,382,144 
1,984,262 
251,  052 
27,588 
717,  898 
2,  045,  372 
586,  197 
46,278 
544,  728 
7,82* 
815,117 
3,  174,  977 
584,217 
63,33-1 
1,  576,  627 
127,  992 

110,237,131 
3,  878,  990 
3,  449,  823 
3,  181,992 
573,  075 
1,  193,  904 
10,  908,  204 
15,  «I2,  433 
9,  884,  204 
4,  430,  030 
558,174 
11,640,738 
2,  0»5,  330 
2,  780,  17V 
2,821,510 
2,915,045 
4,  093,  362 
751,  544 
7,  809,  153 
9,  844,  449 
3,  767,  500 
4,  ICO,  276 
15,841,404 
10,414,546 
14,725,945 
648,465 
13,  399,  375 
711,723 
6,  072,  823 
12,  430,  768 
5,  143,  635 
2,  610,  800 
11,491,027 
3,  365,  261 

51 

!)0 

306 

134 
6 
2  277 

3 

1,  187 
R,  118 

109 
2,126 

18 

44,  259 

1 
30 
1,208 
2,816 
488 

1,669 
1,167 

436,  357 
546,  749 

1 
243 

i,  35.-i 
149 

41 

xi,  era 
i 

3,  303 
48,235 
97,  119 
30,220 
1,  133 
728,  234 

96 
8,670 
119,  42» 
5,991 
11 
284875 

73 
1,545 

575 
124 
40 
340 

991 
134,  195 
1,541,761 
315,436 
3,749 
380,941 

20 
20,048 
293,  908 
11,405 
2 
140,  076 

103,  490 
806,  589 
881,049 
1,211,512 
87,656 
356,705 

51 
51 
20 

2,026 

4,314 

221,  726 

13,  439,  772 

50 
2:,4 

2,997 
14,481 
103 
4,128 
1,983 
50 
109,  837 
1,347 
48,651 
1,518,025 
216,  490 
882,  423 
168 
312,  368 

4W 
1,570 
7 
341 
118 
3 
4,056 
30 
3,241 
56,991 
20,008 
242,  420 
6 
24,  198 

73 
3 

306,  742 
63,  281 

32,679 

18 

2,404 
15  307 

907 

1  000  078 

720 

50 
109 

12 

53 
10 
127 
1 

4,  051,  822 
370,  669 
99 
142,  02i 
2,  25,1,  019 
3,455 
10,816,419 
30,  845 
3,  345,  508 

78,  998 
23,  038 

86,  653 
14,178 
1,427 
796,111 

50* 
402 

10,  016 
22,305 

18,289 
43,833 
8,088 
131,843 
17,  759 
370,  512 

IS,  788 
18 
230 
2 

1,507 
50 

1,978 
13 
200 
2 
3,016 
928 

396 
516 
263,  475 
779,  076 
315 
22,749 
20 
51,041 
706,  663 
112,412 

221,270 
19,854 

1 

0 

259 
338 
7,394 

38 

12,  494 

2K) 
1 

22 

15 

SI 

3 

103 

2,  767,  335 

114,310 

1 
1,040 
170 

344 

164,  294 
115 
7,007 
487,  808 
21,644 

313 
9,302 

SO 
71 
27 

285 
15 

203 
115,  620 

198 
o 

5,099 

1,203 

2,830 
408,358 

74,  373 

9 

331 
32,691 
4,256 

9,897,781 
938,103 
1,  584,  451 

16,253 
99,  603 
83,  118 

li 
07 

4 
17 

5 

248 

53,  274 

3,802 

17,  234 

4,  715,  809 

566,803 

11,  824 

40,  120,  083 

330,  983 

14,  963,  996 

1,  597,  274 

6,  698,  181 

1,  322,  057 

23,  354,  748 

24,  403,  378 

212,  782,  817 

24 

510 

440 

55,440 
375 
97,799 
9,385 
.      347,  105 
244,862 
60,  909 

20 
23,497 

7 

2 

2 

120 

123 

275 

142 

5,  843 

15,995 
300 
26,406 
66,851 
33,506 

1,950 
25,  475 

114 

4,343 

33 
30 

40 

504 

5,256 

7 

116 

4,349 

03 

126 

128 

315 

50.  942 

730 

11,009 

143,  498 

835,  875 

f.3,281 

3,978 

17,234 

4,  720,  145 

566,867 

11,944 

40,120,205 

230,982 

14,  963,  996 

1,  597,  589 

6,  7-19,  123 

1,322,787 

23,  306,  357 

24,  546,  876 

313,618,692 

188 


RECAPITULATION  — 1850. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 

8 
9 
10 
11 

12 

1 

14 

35 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
oo 

25 

2  , 

-.'.' 
;;M 
;,, 

1 
g 

3 
4 
5 

STATES. 

ACRES  OF  LAND. 

Cash  value  of  farms. 

Farming  implements  and  ma 
chinery,  value  of. 

LIVE  STOCK. 

Improved,  iu  farmx. 

Unimproved.in  farms. 

Horses. 

Asses  and  mulct*. 

Milch  cows. 

Working  oxen. 

Other  cattle. 

a 
• 

A 
x 

Maiuc  

2,  030,  596 
5,  251,  488 
2,  C01,  409 
2,133,436 
356,  487 
1,  768,  178 
12,408,96-1 
1,767,991 
8,  628,  619 
580,  862 
2,  797,  905 
10,360,133 
5,  433,  975 
4,  075,  651 
6,  378,  479 
349,  04!) 
4,  435,  614 
3,  444,  358 
1,  590,  025 
643,  976 
781,  530 
5,  173,  173 

2  515  797 
1,  140,926 
1,521,413 
1  2°2  57G 
197,451 
615,701 
6,  710,  120 
984,  935 
6,  294,  728 
375,  282 
1,8:16,445 
15,792,  176 
15,543,008 
12,143,049 
16,  442,  900 
1,246,240 
7,  702,  067 
7,  046,  061 
3,399,018 
10,852,363 
1,816,684 
13  P08  819 

$51,  861,  748 
35,  245,  997 
63,  367,  227 
109,  076,  347 
17,070,802 
72,  726,  422 
551,  546,  642 
120,237,511 
407,  876,  099 
18,880,031 
87,  178,  545 
2  Hi.  401,543 
67,891,766 
82,  431,  684 
95,  753,  445 
6,  323,  109 
61,323,221 
51,738,634 
75,814,398 
16,550,008 
15,  265,  245 
97,851,212 
155,021,262 
63,  225,  543 
96,  133,  290 
136,385,173 
358,  758,  603 
51,872,446 
28,  528,  563 
16,657,587 
3,874,041 

$2,  284,  557 
2,314,125 
2,  739,  282 
3,  209,  584 
497,  201 
1,892,541 
22,  C84,  926 
4,  425,  503 
14,  722,  541 
510,  279 
2,  463,  443 
7,  021,  772 
3,931,532 
4,  136,354 
5,  894,  150 
658,  795 
5,125,663 
5,  762,  927 
11,576,938 
2,151,704 
1,  601,  2116 
5,  300,  210 
5,  169,037 
3,981,525 
6,  403,  561 
6,  704,  444 
12,  750,  585 
2,891,371 
1,641,568 
1,172,869 
103,  483 

41,721 
34,233 

61,057 
42,216 
6,168 
26,879 
447,  014 
63,955 
350,  398 
13,  852 
75,681 
272,  403 
148,  693 
97,  171 
151,331 
10,  848 
128,  001 
115,460 
89,  514 
76,760 
60,  197 
270,  636 
315,  682 
225,319 
267,  653 
314,  299 
463,  397 
58,  506 
30,  179 
38,  536 
21,719 

55 
19 
218 
34 
1 
49 
963 
4,089 
2,259 
791 
5,644 
21,483 
25,  259 
37,  483 
57,  379 
5,002 
59,895 
54,547 
44,  849 
12,463 
11,559 
75,  303 
65,  609 
41,  667 
10,  573 
6,599 
3,423 
70 
156 
754 
1,666 

133,  556 
94,277 
146,  128 
130,  099 
18,  698 
85,  461 
931,  324 
118,736 
530,224 
19,  248 
86,  856 
317,619 
221^799 
J93,  244 
33),  223 
72,  876 
227,791 
214,231 
105,  576 
217,811 
93,  151 
250,  456 
247,  475 
230,  169 
294,  671 
284,  554 
514,499 
99,  676 
64,  339 
45,704 
4,280 

83,  893 
59,  027 
48,  577 
46,611 
8,189 
46,  988 
178,909 
12,  070 
61,527 
9,797 
31,  133 
89,  513 
37,309 
20,  507 
73,  286 
5,  794 
66,  <J61 
83,  485 
54,  968 
51,285 
31,239 
86,  255 
62,  274 
112,  168 
76,  156 
40,221 
65,  381 
55,  330 
42,  801 
21,  892 
4,780 

125,  890 
114,  606 
154,  143 
83,  284 
9,  375 
80,226 
767,  406 
80,  455 
562,  195 
24,  166 
98,  595 
669,  137 
434,  402 
563,  933 
690,  019 
182,415 
433,  263 
436,  254 
414,798 
661,018 
165,  320 
414,051 
442,  763 
449,  173  < 
541,209 
389,  891 
749,  067 
119,471 
76,  293 
69,  025 
253,  599 

451,577 
384,  756 
1,014,  122 
188,  651 
44,296 
174,  181 
3,453,241 
160,  488 
1,822,357 
27,  503 
177,  902 
1,310,004 
595,  249 
285,  551 
560,  435 
23,311 
371,880 
304,  939 
110,333 
100,  530 
91,256 
811,591 
1,102,391 
762,  511 
894,  043 
1,122,493 
3,  942,  929 
74(5,  435 
124,  896 
149,  960 
17,  574 

New  York  

Delawaro  

North  Carolina  

Florida  

Louisiana  

5,  UC8,  270 

10  981  478 

Missouri 

2,  'MB,  425 
5  039  545 

6,794,215 
6  997  867 

Illinois 

5,  046,  543 
9,  851,  493 
]   '129  110 

7,  746,  879 
8,  146,  000 
2,  454,  780 
1,031,  159 
1,911,382 
3,861,531 

Ohio  

Michigan          * 

1  045  419 

824,  682 
32,  451 

Total  States 

112  695,921 

180,038,  130 

3,  264,  868,  127 

151,  185,766 

4,319,481 

549,  861 

6,358,751 

1,  674,  348 

10,  255,  444 

21,  327,  075 

TERRITORIES. 

District  of  Columbia  .  .  . 

16,  267 
5,  035 
166,201 
132,  857 
16,333 

11,187 

23,  846 
124,  370 
299,  951 
30,  516 

1,  730,  460 
161,948 
1,653,922 
2,  849,  170 
311,799 

40,220 
15,981 
77,  960 
183,  423 
84,  S£8 

82! 

SCI) 
5,  079 
8,046 
2,  429 

57 
14 
8,  654 
420 
323 

813 
607 
10,633 

9,  427 
4,861 

104 
655 
12,  257 
8,  114 
5,  266 

123 
740 
10,  085 
24,  188 
2,489 

150 
80 
377,  271 
15,  382 
3,  202 

Utah  

Total,  Territories  .  .  . 
1 

Aggregate,  States  and 

336,  693 

489,  870 

6,  707,  299 

401,872 

17,338 

9,  470 

26,  343 

26,  396 

37,  625 

396,  145 

113,032,614 

180,  528,  000 

3,271,575,426 

151,  587,  638 

4,  33(1,  719 

559,331 

6,  385,  094 

1,  700,  744 

10,  293,  069 

21,723,220 

RECAPITULATION  — 1850. 


189 


AGRICULTURE. 


LIVE  STOCK. 

PRODUCED. 

aj 

_p 

</j 

Live  stock,  value  of. 

\Vheat,  bushels  of. 

Rye,  bushels  of. 

• 

I 

s 

1° 

a 
a 
-5 

a 

Oats,  bushels  of. 

Rice,  pounds  of. 

Tobacco,  pounds  of. 

Ginned  eotton,  bales 
of  400  Ibs.  each. 

Wool,  pounds  of. 

Peas  and  bennp,  bush 
els  of. 

a 

a 
Jo 

f* 

c   o 

e!    * 
0     * 
Eh 
ja 

Sweet  potatoes,  bush 
el*  of. 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
0 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

eo 

21 
o*> 

23 
24 
25 

20 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 

1 

o 

3 

4 
5 

54,  598 
03,  467 
CO,  296 
81,119 

19,  soa 

70,  472 
1,018,252 
23),  370 
1,  040,  306 
50,201 
353,911 
1,839,843 
1,812,813 
1,  005,  503 
2,  108,  BI7 
20!l,  453 
1,904,540 
1,  582,  734 
5117,  301 
692,  022 
63(i,  727 
3,104,800 
2,  891,103 
1,702,625 
1,915,907 
2,  263,  770 
1,964,770 
205,  847 
159,276 
323,  247 
2,  770 

$9,  705,  726 
8,871,901 
12,043,228 
9,047,710 
1,  532,  637 
7,  407,  490 
73,  570,  499 
10,679,291 
41,51)0,053 
1,849,281 
7,  997,  634 
33,  650,  659 
17,717,647 
15,000,015 
25,728,416 
2,  88%  058 
21,090,112 
19,  403,  602 
1  1,  152,  275 
10,412,927 
6,  til~,  9G9 
39,  978,  016 
29,  661,  436 
19,  887,  580 
24,  209,  258 
22,  478,  555 
44,  121,741 
8,  008,  734 
4,  K>7,  385 
3,  6f  9,  275 
3,351,058 

290,  259 
185,  658 
535,  955 
31,211 
49 
41,762 
13,  121,  498 
1,001,190 
15,367,691 
482,  511 
4,  494,  680 
11,212,616 
2,  130,  102 
1,006,277 
1,  088,  534 
1,027 
294,  044 
137,  990 
417 
41,729 
199,  639 
1,619,386 
2,  142,  828 
2,  981,  652 
9,414,575 
0,  214,  458 
14,  487,  351 
4,  925,  889 
4,  286,  131 
1,  530,  581 
17,328 

102,916 
183,  117 
170,  233 
481,021 
26,409 
COO,  893 
4,  148,  182 
1,  255,  578 
4,  805,  100 
8,066 
226,014 
458,  930 
229.503 
43,  790 
53,750 
1,152 
17,261 
9,006 
475 
3,108 
8,047 
89,  137 
415,073 
44,268 
83,  36  1 
78,  792 
425,  918 
105,  871 
81,  253 
19,916 

1,  750,  056 
1,  573,  670 
2,  032,  396 
2,  345,  490 
539,201 
1,935,043 
17,  858,  400 
8,  759,  704 
19,835,214 
3,  145,  542 
10,  749,  858 
35,254,319 
27,941,051 
16,271,454 
30,  080,  099 
1,996,809 
28,754,048 
22,  440,  552 
10,  206,  373 
6,  028,  870 
8,  893,  939 
52,  276,  223 
58,  672,  591 
36,214,537 
57,  640,  984 
52,  964,  363 
59,  078,  695 
5,641,420 
1,  988,  979 
8,  656,  799 
13,236 

2,181,037 
973,  381 
2,  307,  734 
1,  165,  146 
215,  232 
1,258,738 
26,552,814 
3,  378,  063 
21,538,150 
604,518 
2,  242,  151 
10,  179,  144 
4,  052,  078 
2,  322,  155 
3,  820,  044 
66,586 
2,  965,  690 
1,503,288 
89,  637 
199,017 
656,  183 
7,  703,  086 
8,201,311 
5,  278,  079 
10,087,241 
5,655,014 
13,  472,  742 
2,  860,  056 
3  414  67° 

1,  364,  03J 
1,  108,  470 
3,400,717 
585,  136 
129,  092 
497,  454 
10,071,301 
375,390 
4,481,570 
57,768 
477,  438 
2,  800,  705 
970,  738 
487,  233 
990,  019 
23,  247 
657,  118 
559,  019 
109,  697 
131,917 
182,  595 
1,  364,  378 
2,  297,  433 
1,  627,  164 
2,150,113 
2,  610,  287 
10,196,371 
2,  043,  283 
253,  963 
373,  898 
5,520 

205,541 
70,856 
101,649 
43,  7C9 
6,  646 
19,090 
741,540 
14,  174 
55,231 
4,120 
12,816 
521,579 
1,584,252 
1,026,900 
1,142,011 
135,359 
892,  701 
1,  072,  757 
161,  732 
179,  350 
285,738 
369,321 
202,  574 
40,017 
82,  814 
35,  773 
60,168 
74,254 
20,657 
4,775 
2  292 

3,  436,  040 
4,304,919 
4,951,014 
3,  585,  384 
651,029 
2,  689,  725 
15,  398,  368 
3,  207,  236 
5,  980,  732 
240,  542 
764,  939 
1,316,933 
620,318 
136,  494 
227,  379 
7,828 
245,  001 
261,  4S2 
95,632 
94,  645 
193,832 
1,  067,  844 
1,  492,  487 
939,006 
2,  514,  861 
2,  083,  337 
5,  057,  769 
2,  359,  897 
1,402,077 
276,120 
9,293 

50 

138,246 



1,  267,  624 
83,  189 
310 
912,  651 

80 
5,629 
508,015 
52,  172 
65,  443 
208,993 
1,813  634 
6,  095  709 
4,  337,  469 
6,  986,  428 
757,  226 
5,  475,  204 
4,741,795 
1,428,453 
1,332,158 
788,149 
2,  777,  716 
998,  179 
335,505 
157,  433 
201,711 
187,  991 
1,177 
879 
6,243 
1,000 



31,407,497 
56,  803,  227 
11,984,786 
74,285 
423,  924 
998,  014 
104,990 
49,  900 
20,  878 
66,  897 
218,  936 
20,  148,  932 
55,  501,  19C 
17,113,784 
841,394 

17,154 
5,  465,  868 
159,  930,  613 
38,  950,  691 
1,075,090 
2,  312,  252 
2,  719,  856 
4,  425,  349 
88,203 
63,  179 
258,  854 
5,688 
700 

3,947 
50,545 
300,901 
499,  091 
45,  131 
564,429 
484,  292 
178,  737 
58,072 
65,344 
194,532 
758 

1,044,620 
10,  454,  449 
1,245 
1,268 
6  041 

14 



1,  524,  345 

1,000 

30,  313,  381 

540,  098,  228 

99,951,012 

14,  182,  863 

591,610,921 

146,473,344 

215,  313,  497 

199,735,993 

2,  445,  793 

52,  444,  540 

9,  179,  602 

05,  013,  162 

38,  264,  391 

1,  635 

731 
7,314 
30,  235 
914 

71,643 

92,859 
1,494,029 
1,876,189 
546,  908 

17,  370 
1,401 
190,  516 
211,943 
107,  702 

5,509 

,               125 

65,  230 
16  725 

8,134 
30  58° 

7,800 

525 
85 
32,901 
29,666 

q  ooo 

7,  754 
10,002 
15,  688 
6,566 
2S9 

2P,  292 
21,  145 
3 
91,326 
43,968* 

• 

3,497 

200 

365,411 
2,918 
9,  899 

5 
61,214 
10,900 

8,467 
325 
70 

106 
210 

0 

60 

40,832 

4,  082,  288 

534,  932 

5,950 

460,183 

110,  835 

10,002 

72,419 

40,299 

194,  734 

3,757 

30,  354,  213 

544,  180,  516 

100,  485,  944 

14,188,813 

592,  071,  104 

146,  584,  179 

215,  313,  497 

199,  752,  655 

2,  445,  793 

52,  516,  959 

9,  219,  901 

65,  797,  896 

38,  268,  148 

100 


RECAPITULATION  — 1850. 


AGRICULTURE. 


1 

Q 
3 
4 
5 
6 

8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
IN 
:.'] 
.)., 

23 

2.i 
26 
21 
28 
29 
3  > 
31 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 

STATES. 

_^_                                  PRODUCED. 

Ilarlry,  bushels  of. 

Buckwheat,  bushels 
of. 

Orrhard  products, 
'  value  of. 

Wine,  gallons  of. 

1 
*~  *o 

=     s> 

•E  I 

&    * 

•E  = 
- 

**. 

Butter,  pounds  of. 

Cheese,  pounds  of. 

<to! 
O 

O 

>, 

TB 

J2 

*3   i^ 

5-     O 

£ 

i* 

_o 

5 

"£ 

3 

JO 

'S  ° 

B 
« 

o 

Hops,  pounds  of. 

15!  731 

104,  523 
65,  2fi5 
2(19,  819 
105,  895 
1,245 
229,297 
3,  1S3,  955 
878,  934 
2,  193,  692 
8,015 
103,671 
214,  898 
M,  70  1 
283 
250 
55 
318 
1,121 
3 
59 
175 
111,427 
16,097 
23,641 
184,504 
149,740 
038,  080 
472,917 
79,  878 

$342,  805 
248,  503 
315,255 
463,  995 
63,  994 
175,  1  18 
1,701,950 
607,268 
723,  389 
40,  574 
104,051 
177,  137 
31,34,1 
35,  10S 
93,  77G 
1,280 
15,  408 
50.  405 
22,  359 
12,  503 
40,  141 
52,  894 
106,  230 
514,711 
416,  049 
324,  940 
693,  921 
132,  650 
4,833 
8,  434 
17,  700 

724 
344 
039 
4,688 
1,013 
4,309 
9,172 
1,811 
25,  590 
143 
1,431 
5,408 
11,058 
5,  880 
7'JO 
10 
220 
407 
15 
99 
35 
92 
8,093 
10,  503 
2.  997 
14,  055 
48,207 
1,654 
113 
420 
58,055 

$122,  387 
56,810 
18,  853 
600,020 
98,298 
196,  874 
912,  047 
473,  242 
CF8,  714 
12,714 
200,  809 
183,  047 
39,  462 
47,  286 
76,500 
8,  721 
84,  821 
46,  250 
148,  329 
12,354 
17,150 
97,  183 
303,  120 
99.  454 
127,  494 
72,  864 
214,004 
14,738 
32,  142 
8,848 
75,  275 

9,  243,  811 
6,  977,  056 
12,  137,980 
8,071,370. 
995,  670 
6,  498,  119 
79,  706,  094 
9,  487,  210 
39,878,418 
1.  055,  308 
3,806,  160 
11,089,359 
4,  140,  290 
2,981,850 
4.  040,  559 
371,  498 
4,088,811 
4,  340,  234 
683,  009 
2,  344,  900 
3,854,239 
P,  139,585 
9,  947,  523 
7,  834,  359 
15,  526,  543 
12,  881,  535 
34,  449,  379 
7,  005,  878 
3,  033,  750 
2,  171,  188 
703 

2,  434,  454 
3,  196,503 
8,  720,  834 
7,  088,  142 
316,508 
5,  303,  277 
49,741,413 
305,  756 
2,  505,  034 
3,187 
3,  975 
430,  292 
95,  921 
4,  970 
40,  970 
18,015 
31,412 
21,  191 
1,  937 
95,  299 
30,088 
177,681 
213,  954 
203,  572 
1,278,225 
024,561 
20,819,542 
1,011,492 
400,  283 
209,  840 
150 

755,  889 
598,  854 
866,  153 
651,  807 
74,818 
516,  131 
3,  728,  797 
435,  950 
1,  842,  970 
30,  159 
157,  956 
369,  098 
145,  053 
20,925 
23,  449 
2,510 
32,  C85 
12,504 
25,  732 
8,  354 
3,970 
74,  091 
113,747 
116,925 
601,  952 
403,  230 
1,443,142 
404,  934 
275,  662 
89,055 
2,038 

9,097 
829 
700 
1,002 
1,328 
13,841 
88  ,.222 
28,280 
125,  030 
2,525 
15,  217 
29,  727 
570 
376 
132 

9,214 
8,071 
.14,  930 
5,085 
3,708 
10,  628 
96,  493 
63,  051 
53,  913 
1,403 
2,561 
23,428 
1,375 
30 
428 
2 
547 
533 
97 

40,  120 
257,171 
288,  023 
121,595 
277 
554 
2,  530,  299 
2,  133 
22,088 
348 
1,870 
11,  51-0 
9,  240 
26 
261 
14 
276 
473 
125 
7 
157 
1,  032 
4,309 
4,  130 
3,551 
,       92,  796 
63,731 
10,  663 
15,  930 
8,242 

New  Hampshire  

70,  230 
43,  150 
112,  385 
18,875 
19,  (W9 

3,  585,  059 
6,  493 
105,  584 
5fl 
715 
25,  437 

4,  58:i 
11,501 

Florida 

3,958 
228 

138 
84 
2 
10 
90 
5,  OBO 
3,230 
619 
3,427 
18,  330 
103,  197 
16,  989 
483 
342 

4,770 
177 
o  737 

430 
9,118 
21,481 
4,346 
14,  380 
11,951 
37,  310 
9,285 
5,003 
2,096 

Kentucky  

95,  343 

9,031 
110,795 
4.-i,  483 
35)  333 

Ohio  

75.  213 
2«)  093 

25,093 
9  712 

52,  516 

Total,  States  

5,  103,  920 

8,  955,  587 

7,098,841 

218,  023 

5,091,870 

313,  034,  450 

105,  460,  567 

13,  829,  106 

468,  969 

416,  809 

3,  496,  956 

TERRITORIES. 

District  of  Columbia  .  .  . 

75 
1,210 
5 

378 
515 
100 

14,843 

803 

67,  222 
150 
6,679 
90,241 
23,  808 

14,872 
1,100 
111 
211,464 
83,  309 

1,500 

2,279 
2  019 

3 

15 

8,231 
1,271 

2,363 

5,848 
36,  980 
30,  998 

373 
4,805 

4 

2 

22 

8 
50 

Utah    

1  799 

332 

Total,  Terrieorica  .  .  - 
Aggregate,  States  and 

3,095 

1,  325 

24,  345 

3,220 

188,  160 

310,  856 

75,  3-!0 

9,476 

9 

22 

73 

5,  107,  015 

8,936,912 

7,  723,  186 

221,  249 

5,  280,  030 

313,  345,  306 

105,  535,  893 

13,  838,  042 

468,  978 

416,831 

3,  497,  029 

RECAPITULATION  — 1850, 


101 


AGRICULTURE. 


PRODUCED. 

Animals  slaughtered,  value  of. 

t 

0 

3 
4 
5 
0 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 

V 

1 
2 
3 
4 

5 

IIF.MP. 

Flax,  pounds  of. 

Flaxseed,  bushels  of. 

Silk  cocoons,  pounds 
of. 

Maple  sugar,  pounds 
of. 

Cane  sugar,  hhds.  of 
1,  000  log. 

Moltiseeg,  gallon!  of. 

Beeswax  and  honey, 
pounds  of. 

Manufactures,  home 
made,  value  ot 

Dew  rotted,  tons 
of. 

Water  rotted,  tons 
of. 

17,081 
7,  G52 
20,  853 
1,163 
85 
17,928 
940,  577 
182,  965 
530,  307 
11,  174 
35,  686 
1,  000,  450 
593,  796 
333 
5,387 
50 
3,921 
665 

580 
189 
939 
72 

252 
191 
2C8 
7 

93,  542 

1,298,863 
6,  349,  357 
795,  523 
28 
50,796 
10,  357,  484 
3,197 
2,  326,  525 

3,107 
9,811 
5,997 
4,  093 
4 
665 
56,539 
954 
50,052 
50 
1,430 
40,322 
704 
15,904 
216,245 
352,  893 
83,  428 
18,318 
10,  931,  177 
441,918 
18 
7,223 
30,079 
5,030 
8,354 
180,  325 
197,  308 
19,  823 
9,874 
3,102 

189,018 
1  17,  140 
249,  422 
5!),  508 
0,347 
93,  304 
1,753,830 
156,  CM 
83<J,  509 
41,248 
74,802 
880,  7C7 
512,289 
210,281 
732,  514 
18,  971 
897,  021 
3!I7,  460 
96,  701 
380,  885 
192,338 
1,036,572 
1,158,019 
1,328,972 
869,  444 
935,  329 
804,  273 
359,  232 
131,005 
321,711 

$513,  599 
393,  453 
267,710 
205,  3.')3 
26,  495 
192,  252 
1,280,333 
112,781 
749,  132 
38,121 
111,828 
2,156,318 
S,  080,  522 
909,523 
1,  838,  968 
75,582 
1,934,120 
1,  164,  020 
139,  232 
266,  984 
638,  217 
3,  137,  790 
2,  439,  128 
1,674,705 
1,155,902 
1,631,039 
1,712,1% 
340,  947 
43,  624 
221,292 
7,000 

$1,046,773 
1,522,673 
1,861,336 
2,  500,  924 
607,486 
2,  202,  206 
13,  573,  883 
2,  638,  532 
8,219,848 
373,063 
1,954,800 
7,  502,  986 
5,  7CT,  866 
3,  502,  637 
6,  339,  762 
514,683 
4,  823,  485 
3,  636,  562 
1,458,990 
1,110,137 
1,163,313 
6,401,763 
6,  462,  598 
3,  367,  106 
4,  972,  286 
6,  567,  935 
7,  439,  243 
1,328,327 
U20,  178 
821,  164 
107,  173 

703 
57,903 
16,525 
41,728 
904 
2,446 
52,  318 
38,196 
53 
022 

328 
1,774 
23 
285 

1 

3 

i 

41 

Gi 

88 
36 

39 
517 
229 
123 
813 
6 
167 
o 

29 
22 
38 
1,923 
1,281 
186 
47 
387 
1,532 
108 

47,  740 
1,  227,  665 
27,932 
200 
50 

f.  .  . 

51 
3 

77 
846 
2,750 
87 
8 
226,001 
7,032 

69 
26 

643 

7 

235 

1,048 
12,291 
368,  131 
2,100,  116 
527,  160 
160,  OG3 
584,  409 
446,  933 
7,  152 
68,393 
02,  COO 

26 
321 
18,  904 
75,  801 
13,  696 
10,  787 
36,  888 
188,  880 
519 
1,191 
1,959 

15 
141 
1,355 

eo 

9,330 
158,  557 
437,  403 
178,  910 
248,  004 
2,  021,  192 
4,  588,  209 
2,  439,  794 
010,976 
78,  407 

454 
10,432 
15,908 

3 
10 

100 

50 



246 

a%  193 

1,078 

7,  7,08.  486 

562,  307 

10,843 

34,  250,  486 

236,814 

12,  6%,  073 

14,  853,  148 

27,  484,  144 

1  11,  376.  624 

• 

550 
80 
2 

2,075 

9,038 
S,  840 
82,125 
164,530 
07,983 

2,950 

4,236 
24 

58 

6,033 

640 
550 

5 

10 

1,392 

1,190 

5 

2,950 

4,318 

642 

9.500 

320,518 

33,153 

1.C78 

7,  709,  076 

562,  312 

10,  843 

34,  233,  436 

236,  814 

12,  700,  991 

14,  853,  790 

87,  493,  644 

111,703,142 

192 


RECAPITULATION  — 1860. 


The  estimated  nunilcr  of  horses,  asses,  and  mules,  neat  cattle,  sheep,  and  swine,  as  returned  Inj  assistant  jnarshah,  the  same  not 

being  returned  on  the  schedules  of  agriculture. 


STATES. 

o 

Asses  and  mules. 

Neat  cattle. 

Ri 

B 

w 

A 

a 

'? 
02 

11,  032 
5,329 
12,  7C9 
16,  239 
3,791 
4,562 
43,  6*1 
114,  lf,3 
39,  425 
36,  018 
8,124 
61,  209 
24,  197 
28,296 
9,234 
56,  745 
30,  601 
8,063 
2,445 
80,  5(i9 
12,  881 
28,  519 
92,  458 
29,955 
117,101 
16,  690 
66,  180 
7,191 

3,975 
4,035 
3,  452 
135 
440 
2,145 
19,000 
7,700 
3,074 
2,054 
1,234 
18,  427 
14,  916 
98 
880 
2 
151 
479 
5B5 
10,  025 
0 
6,022 
2,293 
8,404 
3,240 
7,302 
6,407 
49 

40,  208 
22,  731 
53,  795 
22,  104 
6,779 
78,  836 
203,  070 
218,459 
7S),  340 
94,  184 
34,  938 
128,  045 
7G,  331 
77,  240 
9,555 
48,  329 
80,  760 
29,  823 
6,881 
118,181 
21,  254 
41,  664 
31,  801 
113,241 
222,  956 
59,  199 
1C8,  104 
6,144 

12,  404 
6,481 
23,414 
2,  700 
559 
1,  675 
120,596 
33,  832 
32,  012 
22,  267 
1,145 
67,  161 
21,643 
61,  926 
1,135 
8,616 
47,  916 
2,473 
1,062 
96,  005 
6,191 
12,  093 
3,065 
77,  296 
132,  653 
10,  788 
53,  225 
5,  455 

63,  528 
18,!>19 
3,  702 
26,  OH 
7,  969 
26,  0!i2 
375,350 
254,380 
146,  034 
130,  891 
16,  500 
234,  255 
50,  7.">5 
21,  1% 
15,113 
43,146 
57,316 
19,718 
3,175 
'  412,  3C8 
17,  4-» 
71,516 
100,  791 
806,  976 
317,116 
10,  728 
200,  236 
7,242 

California  

Florida  

Illinois  ..  .. 

Iowa  

Kansas  

Kentucky  

Louisiana  

Massachusetts  

Michigan  

Mississippi  

New  Jersey  

New  York  

Ohio  

Oregon  

Pennsylvania  

Rhode  Island  

South  Carolina  

21,  925 
95,  497 
17,  201 
42,  786 
27,  869 

8,871 
13,  082 
13 
6,608 
505 

58,512 
861,  640 
26,  686 
143,  535 
120,  450 

29,  854 
320,  926 
18,015 
112,591 
11,  885 

108,  r.77 
1118,  261 
18,  526 
198,  121 
70,866 

Texas  

Virginia  

\Visconsia  

Total,  States  

1,  173,  355 

156,  308 

3,304,781 

1,  359,  049 

3,  452,  880 

TERRITORIES. 

Dititrict  of  Columbia  

1,233 

1,779 
6,541 
1,400 
1,206 

159 
951 
8,536 
375 
457 

1,092 
2,484 
27,  116 
9,875 
1,661 

62 
52 
142,110 
4,325 

1,744 
1,376 
7,624 
3,  025 
656 

New  Mexico  

Utah  

Washington  

Total,  Territories  

12,  159 

10,  478 

42,  228 

146,  761 

15,  055 

1,  185,  514 

166,  786 

3,  347,  009 

1,  505,  810 

3,  467,  905 

*  Additional  to  the  returns  on  page  184. 

ALABAMA  — ARKANSAS. 


193 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 

A  I,  A  R  A  n  A  . 


1 

3 
4 

5 
G 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
i 
13 
16 
17 
18 
19 
-  0 
21 
22 
23 
24 
23 
26 
27 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

28 
29 
3(1 
31 
•ft 

COUNTIES. 

ACItES. 

3  and  undur  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

under  10. 

il  under  20. 

1  under  50. 

tl  under  100. 

art  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1.000  and  over. 

i 

n 

1 

0 

§ 

a 

1 

8 

8 

23 
34 

:u 

J9 

;> 
18 
33 

21 
21 
33 
6 
21 
66 
31 
41 
21 
40 
59 

4 
15 

35 
20 
18 
G2 
13 

51 
60 
60 
75 
47 
59 
159 

70 
C5 
98 
70 
41 
127 
53 
58 
21  i 

148 
121 
o 

53 
169 
135 

40 
101 
53 

1!)7 
48 
469 
27(1 
3!8 
336 
639 
271 
471 
203 
3!  13 
357 
164 
018 
220 
353 
09 
3fi8 
531 
308 
00 
297 
408 
472 
171! 
293 
156 

140 
15 
343 
254 
231 
273 
431 
318 
414 
183 
179 
206 
94 
423 
137 
301 
71 
2:]3 
293 
228 
124 
966 
303 
251 
156 
215 
149 

218 
30 
500 
2-17 
1  03 
319 
3fi7 
567 
2(19 
2ii7 
253 
18fi 
107 
3-13 
63 
210 
331 
170 
138 
189 
431 
2G8 
314 
168 
184 
254 

48 
1 
96 

1 

16 

89 
8 
21 
30 
4 
30 
21 
4 
4 
138 
4 

17 
30 

18 
30 
13 
05 
35 
19 
7C 

9 
31 
13 
16 

23 
119 

1L 
11 

25 
8 
40 
0 
40 
50 
5 
5 
15 

41 
31 
31 
150 
118 
15 
129 
16 
51 
Gl 
33 
55 
85 
431 
145 
55 
111 
4 
170 
91 
130 
145 
17 
81 
105 

190 

IPS 
140 
461 

317 
03 
117 
99 
239 
230 

183 

353 
51ti 
905 
258 
239 
480 
20 
751 
453 
497 
407 
114 
107 
158 

230 
1KI 
103 
313 
180 
100 
25 
150 
171 
183 
2(14 
330 
508 
478 
435 
208 
269 
01 
513 
331 
388 
104 
138 
41 
50 

301 
363 

323 
127 
133 
410 
21 
304 

1% 
375 
407 
522 
213 
109 
235 
161 
2!'4 
432 
337 
370 
01 
334 
41) 
8 

S5 
104 

13 
109 

43 
22 
02 

Baldwin 

Madison  
MurenRO  

Marion  

Marshall  

Under 

33 
31 

Moron  
Mobilo  

Cliambi-rs  

19 
2 
3 
G 

35 

37 
38 
39 

1C9 
31 
31 
68 
53 
21 
o 

35 
13 
2 
71 

49 
47 

CO 
8 
5 
30 
o 

4 
1 

Morgan  

8 
3 
1 

55 

'• 

43 
43 
41 

I'iko  

Randolph  

RUBUcll 

Dale  

Shelby  
St.  Glair  

1 

37 
4 
8 
19 

40 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
-52 

Franklin  

C4 

09 

23 
10 
13 
37 
39 
59 

19 

07 
8 
3 

G 

31 
32 
20 

Walker  

.!.,*, 

Washington  

89 
7 
o 

1 

IT 

Wilcox  

Wiuetou  

I.aiulerdalo  

Total  

1,409 

4,379 

1G,  049 

12,060 

13,  455 

2,01(1 

696 

A  R  1C  A  N  N  A  N  . 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
90 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
96 
27 
2R 
29 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
Vi 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

3  and  tinder  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  ICO. 

100  and  under  EOO. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

30 
24 
CO 
43 
3 
39 
o 

30 
30 
37 

0 

70 
72 
163 
130 
28 
198 
4 
93 
118 
130 
•  34 

107 
200 
390 
335 
139 
440 
29 
317 
402 
201 
205 
03 
112 
220 
97 
250 
300 
193 
181 
300 
312 
504 
314 
342 
218 
202 
199 
477 
347 

08 
132 
227 
144 
77 
230 
27 
150 
310 
1C8 
139 
33 
49 
142 
43 
1C7 
138 
79 
81 
175 
123 
207 
135 
116 
110 
187 
94 
229 
210 

88 
130 
78 
]15 
53 
68 

es 

94 
207 
26 
39 
02 
10 
120 
70 
127 
06 
18 
17 
104 
30 
92 
45 
99 
130 
65 
82 
80 
66 

1 
1 
5 
o 

3 

1 

1 

33 
39 
18 
38 
55 
26 
45 
28 
30 
9 
46 
80 

94 
80 

200 
110 
126 
68 
06 
G8 
30 
139 
196 
148 
151 
91 
79 
81 
133 
84 
151 
187 
30 
115 
96 
103 
67 

279 
109 
112 
20-2 
148  ' 
370 
192 
146 
119 
84 
223 
379 
207 
208 
221 
216 
208 
252 
211 
292 
299 
117 
184 
505 
311 
234 

92 
40 
59 
54 

230 
77 
113 
42 
40 
01 
180 
121 
103 
93 
133 
154 
89 
101 
117 
150 
118 
92 
375 
120 
143 

27 
34 
01 
25 
16 
221 
17 
179 
6 
47 
12 
59 
70 
73 
43 
123 
68 
33 
32 
34 
110 
254 
28 
130 
56 
CO 

Mi<si*-  jppi 

7 

Monroe  

Montgomery  
Newton  
Ouachita  

1 

Carroll 

10 

1 

29 
4 
12 
1 

19 

36 
37 
38 

:i9 

10 
41 
41 

Clark 

Phillipd         

41 
1 

4 

Pike  
Poinsett  

Polk 

1 

G 
9 
4 
23 
25 
47 
20 
36 
31 
Si 
11 
55 
118 
28 
45 
8 
49 
90 

33 
43 
52 
41 
104 
212 
108 
112 
87 
154 
108 
144 
285 
124 
111 
G9 
228 
145 

4 

1 

1 

10 
3 
1 

1 

1 
1 

17 
4 
o 

9 

o 
4 

43 
44 

Pnlaski  .     ..     . 

49 
45 
37 
1 
59 
8 
54 
32 
6 
45 
7 
45 
38 

Franklin  

lii 

7 

47 
48 
4D 
50 

Scott  
Searcy  

1 
1 

7 
27 

1 
3 

8 

Independence  

1 
3 
5 
30 

1 

5 
1 
2 

51 
52 

53 
51 
55 

Van  Bnren  
Washington  
White 

ct 

Yell 

Lafayette  

23 
2 

Total  

1,  823 

6,073 

13,728 

6,957 

4,231 

307 

09 

194 


CALIFORNIA  — CONNECTICUT. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE 

CALIFORNIA. 


(\CEES. 

\CRES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  nnd  over. 

i 

48 

5-1 

97 

134 

307 

12 

G 

"4 

1 

oo 

S9 

18 

10 

1 

34 

54 

95 

72 

132 

5 

25 

Santa  Clara 

46 

144 

173 

074 

G 

1 

oq 

01 

94 

182 

14 

G 

20 

o 

31 

42 

112 

9 

19 

4 

49 

39 

88 

75 

99 

7 

1 

27 

C 

9 

27 

27 

8 

1 

5 

9 

24 

21 

131 

21 

24 

28 

4 

15 

29 

11 

oo 

6 

13 

69 

84 

214 

26 

12 

99 

6 

21 

99 

128 

582 

45 

20 

7 

Del  Norte 

9 

12 

18 

11 

34 

4 

30 

3 

21 

18 

14 

8 

El  Dorado  

58 

46 

79 

04 

193 

31 

14 

31 

46 

32 

67 

64 

82 

7 

0 

q 

15 

oo 

oo 

12 

14 

32 

Shasta  

21 

21 

43 

54 

74 

3 

o 

10 

°4 

67 

27 

9 

33 

18 

17 

4 

11 

7 

10 

8 

11 

34 

2 

16 

37 

40 

178 

o~> 

o 

1° 

4G 

51 

94 

01 

49 

4 

1 

35 

oo 

18 

31 

50 

143 

2L 

19 

n 

15 

17 

27 

28 

oo 

3 

36 

15 

65 

122 

478 

26 

29 

1  1 

10 

10 

28 

42 

152 

17 

2 

37 

15 

14 

20 

26 

123 

7 

3 

: 

1 

o 

0 

33 

433 

g 

10 

33 

Sutler 

19 

24 

98 

103 

271 

26 

8 

[| 

1 

5 

24 

76 

5 

39 

1 

14 

26 

26 

94 

17 

10 

17 

3 

15 

31 

39 

97 

13 

19 

40 

8 

16 

28 

18 

10 

|£ 

9 

16 

48 

92 

"18 

°8 

13 

41 

43 

70 

153 

91 

102 

10 

'   . 

14 

46 

37 

30 

42 

49 

33 

51 

60 

47 

o 

°0 

17 

20 

61 

97 

4 

41 

Yolo  

11 

39 

63 

100 

388 

20 

15 

°1 

5 

13 

131 

27 

0 

44 

78 

40 

79 

77 

146 

13 

1 

Total  

829 

1,102 

2,344 

2,428 

6,511 

533 

262 

C  O  IV IV  E  C  T I  C  II  T  . 


ACRES. 

ACRES. 

COUNTIES. 

0 

8 

h 

s 

h 

8 

h 

| 

| 

y 

COUNTIES. 

0 

8 

8 

h 

8 

L, 

o 
o 

o 

V 

s 

SJ 

£ 

'a 

T3 

o 

t3 

o 

a 

a 

X 

a 

P 

-3 

fl 

3 

3 

« 

•a 

a 

0 

P 

S 

3 

"3 

,-j 

§ 

"3 

2 

rt 
o 

a 
a 

o 

C* 

g 

8 

3 

8 

§ 

1 

a 

CO 

a 

o 

a 

M 

a 

§ 

a 
8 

O 

8 

| 

1 

Fail-field  

176 

4C8 

1  576 

1  386 

627 

6 

58 

202 

050 

947 

950 

G 

0 

Hartford 

45° 

1  °81 

95° 

7 

95 

454 

779 

521 

LUclifield 

33 

112 

754 

1  303 

1  4°8 

8 

30 

87 

56° 

99° 

D50 

7 

Total  

936 

2,081 

6,898 

8,477 

6,666 

39 

4 

DELAWARE  — FLORIDA. 


195 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 

I>  K  1 .  A  \V  A  K  F  . 


ACHES 

COUNTIES 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1.  000  and  over. 

1C 

50 

270 

606 

006 

4 

in 

83 

271 

409 

840 

7 

31 

70 

C82 

1  153 

1,026 

:t 

'!'„{.  tl                                                                                

C3 

215 

1,226 

2,208 

2,802 

14 

r  u ,  o  t :  s  1 5  A  . 


ACRES. 

' 

ACRES. 

COUNTIES. 

o 
-3 

'O 
q 

n 

CO 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

COUNTIES. 

5  and  under  10. 

8 

a 
3 

'O 
rt 
o 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  undc-r  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Uachna 

<)] 

C9 

10° 

7 

3     1 

21 

13 

100 

96 

113 

32 

7 

Brnvord 

°0 

3 

1 

oo 

44 

21 

15 

3 

1 

T 

Calboun 

;) 

04 

15 

°T 

8 

37 

111 

78 

154 

15 

5 

1 

! 

r, 

9 

SJ'l 

OG 

gj 

95 

o 

25 

18 

27 

47 

11 

11 

1 

(j 

Dade* 

°fi 

New  River  

17 

131 

59 

39 

1 

07 

17 

23 

33 

9 

6 

g 

g 

20 

g 

4 

1 

°fl 

1 

20 

58 

19 

18 

2 

i) 

1 

o 

oo 

20 

30 

7 

3 

o 

81 

10 

St.  Johns 

17 

45 

12 

4 

o 

11 

i« 

23 

OS 

67 

81 

4 

'11 

5 

11 

50 

30 

43 

4 

1° 

1° 

3 

15 

15 

15 

1 

r~- 

6G 

06 

33 

Taylor 

10 

48 

7:) 

23 

4 

11 

"7 

G4 

13 

34 

1 

14 

37 

6 

3 

1 

TaclTson 

G 

00 

119 

147 

07 

1° 

35 

Wakullii 

19 

31 

71 

40 

48 

4 

16 

g 

93 

57 

130 

11 

Walton 

20 

85 

130 

33 

1C 

1 

0 

15 

10 

4 

17 

23 

33 

!).-. 

41 

25 

2 

18 

Leon  

1 

12 

4i> 

45 

132 

53 

30 

19 

Lew 

I 

15 

20 

34 

13 

1 

Total  

430 

945 

2,  139 

1,102 

1,  432 

211 

77 

*  No  returns. 


GEORGIA. 


FARMS  CONTAINING  THREE  ACRES  AND  MORE. 


ACKES 

A 

VCRES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  nnd  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  SCO. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1;000  and  over. 

1 

11 

56 

187 

100 

46 

1 

68 

o 

40 

2 

linker  . 

o 

•    i 

37 

G5 

10 

6'} 

3 

30 

33 

78 

GO 

l°l 

17 

1 

70 

4 

10 

26 

107 

110 

1)6 

2 

71 

1 

SO 

41 

168 

87 

40 

72 

6 

Bibb 

1 

15 

(>5 

85 

145 

17 

9 

73 

7 

Brooks  

4 

7 

45 

80 

141 

19 

4 

74 

9 

8 

H 

2G 

G7 

50 

43 

4 

1 

o- 

9 

Bullock  

0 

12 

155 

133 

14G 

3 

1 

7G 

78 

10 

Burko   . 

o 

8 

80 

99 

315 

100 

71 

77 

i 

8 

7 

C3 

97 

185 

o 

73 

1° 

0 

8 

55 

53 

93 

10 

5 

79 

n 

3 

o-> 

11 

30 

10 

4 

80 

10 

14 

Campbell  

10 

12 

135 

205 

180 

3 

0 

81 

!"> 

Carroll  

17 

329 

333 

1G8 

1 

83 

Miller 

3 

l(j 

Cass  

21 

30 

158 

170 

l'>4 

5 

83 

17 

Catoosa  

4 

7 

88 

87 

5 

84 

Mitchell 

18 

Cliattahoochee  ..  . 

1 

(i 

C3 

82 

142 

21 

5 

85 

10 

Char!  ton  

3 

2! 

4C 

14 

3 

80 

37 

1°7 

G9 

°0 

1 

10 

1  10 

120 

153 

4 

1 

87 

"1 

Chatham  

41 

43 

28 

5') 

17 

3 

88 

00 

27 

3°5 

°69 

]()0 

1 

g<) 

°T 

Clark  

3 

14 

76 

80 

19° 

3 

90 

"4 

Ci.iv  

2 

3 

41 

65 

83 

3 

91 

Clavton  

7 

f>5 

00 

114 

7 

o 

92 

88 

84 

«fi 

Clinch  

10 

35 

93 

55 

•jo 

03 

5 

40 

°7 

Cobb  

8 

C8 

2^6 

261 

201 

8 

94 

ix 

47 

100 

°8 

•M 

C.ilqnitt  

1 

14 

51 

47 

o-") 

95 

Pike  ... 

1 

°8 

15'i 

188 

^40 

3° 

o 

29 

4 

53 

°03 

116 

Polk 

30 

Coffee  

42 

C7 

127 

59 

oo 

1 

97 

'il 

5 

34 

097 

210 

350 

53 

li 

S3 

°o 

Crawford  

o 

3 

47 

96 

171 

<) 

qy 

;n 

Dado  

4 

35 

50 

GO 

o 

100 

:i4 

Dawsoa  .  .  . 

7 

35 

133 

102 

59 

101 

°!6 

35 

Dreatur  

3 

15 

117 

143 

201 

23 

fi 

102 

118 

15 

8 

36 

DeKalb  

2 

21 

104 

158 

213 

8 

103 

Sell  ley 

41 

104 

19 

3 

17 

Dooly  .  .  . 

8 

113 

189 

°03 

8 

104 

°L1 

19 

Q 

•fR 

IJouithcrty  

1 

1 

13 

21 

78 

47 

OJ 

105 

198 

11 

'i<l 

Early  

4 

26 

34 

10° 

OO 

°81 

67 

40 

Behold  .  . 

3 

19 

41 

38 

20 

107 

17 

1°'J 

203 

39 

17 

11 

Effingham  

28 

100 

77 

103 

108 

°G3 

CD 

4° 

Elbert  

]1 

18 

126 

10 

43 

Einanuel  

li 

28 

126 

1-13 

150 

110 

27 

109 

Gl 

1 

-li 

Faunin  

0 

39 

130 

100 

37 

111 

Taylor 

oo 

93 

99 

128 

8 

4 

45 

Fayettc  

15 

132 

160 

181 

11'' 

Telfair 

64 

4fi 

Floyd  

°1 

40 

178 

228 

°4,"> 

113 

Terrell 

130 

14 

3 

47 

Forwyth  

8 

oo 

213 

150 

3 

114 

16° 

27 

16 

48 

Franklin  .  .  . 

21 

242 

110 

o 

°1 

97 

57 

31 

1 

1 

40 

Fulton  

5 

21 

88 

98 

GO 

4°0 

58 

17 

50 

Oilmer  ... 

14 

120 

293 

136 

Gl 

117 

°6 

53 

131 

37 

29 

fll 

Glasscock  . 

4 

8 

46 

73 

G2 

5 

118 

189 

1°4 

4') 

,W 

Glymi  

14 

<J 

13 

3° 

g 

119 

7G 

210 

50 

9 

53 

Gordon 

350 

°90 

225 

4 

M 

Greene  ... 

1 

1 

"7 

ro 

°3G 

178 

408 

34 

5 

:..") 

Gwiunc-tt.. 

53 

315 

269 

1G7 

13 

12° 

1 

44 

105 

240 

43 

4 

X 

Habersham.  .  .   . 

28     i 

4!) 

J66 

1-16 

<)8 

o 

AVare 

34 

79 

oo 

2 

:,-, 

Hall  

oo 

216 

181) 

0 

81 

15  L 

358 

52 

20 

Ilancoek  .... 

0 

4 

37 

7., 

195 

28 

13 

• 

fa 

Hart.... 

14 

42 

202 

151 

109 

White 

°0 

93 

43 

(11 

Harris  

]0 

10 

80 

1-14 

OQ3 

131 

0 

o 

6° 

Heard  

23 

167 

35 

o 

j 

i;:i 

Henry  

]4 

30 

00.) 

OQO 

G9 

i;i 

rr> 

Invin  .  .  . 

7 

11 

50 

Cii 

Jackson  . 

8 

30 

217 

207 

195 

4 

67 

Jumper  

1 

26 

Total 

(K)t)     ' 

2  803 

3  041 

4,  129 

8,  821 

2  Cfl% 

903 

ILLINOIS. 


197 


FARMS  CONTAINING  THREE  ACRES  AND  MORE. 


3 
4 
5 

e 

7 
8 
9 
10 

!   ' 
! 
!  1 

15 

••, 
1! 
'.- 
19 
20 
21 

•  ; 
84 

•i 

. 

28 

30 

. 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

53 
5-1 

COUNTIES. 

ACHES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

o 
o 

t. 

n 
3 
•a 
3 

s 

100  and  under  500. 

500  und  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

5CO  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

5 

03 
45 

1 
(i 
!>3 
i.".) 
9 
36 

£7 
5 
8 

61 
4:i 
D9 

123 
397 
91 
39 
G 
8 
38 
SO 
19 
23 
13 
91 
1 
132 
114 
41 
62 

104 

G9 
57 

31 
38 
113 

102 
181 
112 
99 
217 
29 
29 
13 
101 
15 
53 
36 
31 

fill) 
121 

IS.") 
170 
•101 
328 
KM 

3::o 
IBS 

191 
177 
443 
321 
382 
353 
0.7.) 
556 
29.") 
17I> 
101 

B95 

s;;o 

1C8 

4112 

19 

425 
8^0 

2117 
282 
91 
42.") 
655 
207 
138 
40.") 
GU7 
380 
471 
5M 
377 
568 
029 
281 
391 
101 
G17 
281 
542 
359 
320 

809 
42 
300 
535 
300 
1,000 
!)(i 
459 
330 
421 
342 
461 

3:;s 

521 
307 
851 

380 
218 
796 

210 
515 
4;)0 
19.") 

733 
17 
329 
013 
101 
1,028 
68 
471 
318 
553 
499 
200 
310 
352 
409 
905 
154 
200 
1,142 
40.) 
205 
630 
710 
123 

8 

1 

9 

G 
1 
1 
3 
19 
33 
17 
o 

1 

G 

26 

8 
11 
13 
48 
99 
65 
13 
58 
18 
19 
GO 
141 
7 
43 
o 

31 
39 
91 
7 
113 
139 
56 
13 
230 
6 
73 
112 
176 

228 
430 
338 
304 
831 
1H7 
411 
770 
394 
135 
474 
432 
214 
457 
854 
179 
328 
80 
419 
554 
330 
68 
770 
418 
148 
87 
834 
166 
390 
912 
53  ) 

455 
475 
020 
836 
7!5 
311 
810 

348 
489 
539 
129 
331 
648 
475 
444 
400 
ICG 
900 
919 

100 
828 
106 
59 
163 
501 
247 
477 
1,100 
201 

397 
605 
C37 
721 
1,  158 
456 
815 
535 
333 
545 
399 
33 
373 
511 
120 
499 
C38 

1,023 
591 
196 
322 
546 
36 
6 
182 
191 
153 
375 
574 
79 

11 

o 
9 
45 
17 
27 
6 
7 
5 
3 

1 
6 
1 
1 
9 
4 
3 

Alexander  
IJutid 

7 

1 
29 

6 

18 

17 
4 
3 
5 

13 
13 

o 

55 
50 
57 

Jlonnu     . 

i 

4 

10 
1 

20 

17 
4-2 

SCO 
(i 
8 
1 
fl 
10 
4 

0 

•1 

:i 
2:) 

McIK-nry     

Hr«wn    

G 

1 
3 

7 
4 

58 
53 
G3 
Gl 
G2 
63 
01 
65 
66 
07 
G8 
69 

Macnupin  

1 

MiirKliall       

Chirk  

Clny 

5 
30 
18 
1 
5 

10 
7 
1 
8 
35 
12 
19 
4 
2 
11 
3 

Clinton 

1 

7 

1 

1 
7 

1 
2 

(joles          

Cook  

Crawford  

Cumberland  
Do  KnlU 

2 
10 

11 
10 

11 

37 

70 

Motiltric  

0 

1 

7 
o 

10 

71 

73 
74 
75 
70 

Ogle 

21 
G 
42 
1 
Gl 
17 
20 

Do  Witt 

Pooria 

I>oll'"hu 

Pt-rry 

1 
8 
1 

Piutt         

i;,lgar   

Pike  

IMwanls  

r.fiiiiKliiiin  

SGI 
397 
40 
2")  I 
1,051 
20G 
393 
320 
204 
908 
67 
370 
815 
558 
236 
322 
345 
283 
GOI 
222 
501 
550 
443 
910 
603 
1,511 
342 
720 

105 
235 
50 
141 

748 
94 
483 
439 
98 
770 
54 
354 
732 
427 
84 
204 
SC6 
328 
399 
49 
902 
458 
C88 
810 
G97 
1.  073 
174 
581 

2 

3 
3 
5 

15 
19 

1 
13 

77 

Polaiki 

78 

3 

Kcr.l 

79 
80 
8L 
82 
83 
84 
85 

Randolph  

50 
1 
37 
23 

67 
18 
11 
15 

3 

"7 

10 

14 

6 
13 

11 

30 
39 
10 
1!) 
50 
0 
7 

3 
3 
4 

1 
1 

o 

6 
9 

Qallutiu 

St    Clair 

Saline 

Qrundy 

21 
7 
5 
3 
1 
18 
44 
G2 
11 
5 
1 
G 
9 
28 
19 
9 
135 
5 
G 

57 
47 
50 
42 

402 
344 
230 
391 
92 
432 
382 
587 
637 
260 
270 
575 
43!) 
583 
391 
368 
K13 
294 
285 

GJG 
387 
202 
445 
396 
735 
747 
321 
Oil 
239 
074 
569 
419 
400 
692 
783 
: 
616 
571 

1,044 
232 
228 
473 
451 
756 
703 
85 
732 
90 
689 
426 
213 
177 
582 
907 
86 
792 
499 

GO 
2 
7 
20 
19 
13 
21 

8 

1 

2 

1 
6 

33 
34 
35 
30 
37 
38 
39 
40 
•11 
42 
4J 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 

Iliiiuilt  MI  
lliinroek  

86 
87 
88 
69 
90 
91 

Scott  ... 

Iliinliu  

Shelby   

8 
11 
8 
3 
o 

5 
5 

7 

Stark 

41 

71 
200 
C9 
31 
21 
88 
70 
137 
44 
48 
518 
30 
20 

Jaeksou       .       .    . 

48 

11 

JeftVrson  

93 
94 
95 

Wabash  .       .     . 

3 

13 

6 
3 
2 
5 
14 

2 

1 
1 

,To  Davie^ 

Johnson 

10 
6 

no 

18 
3 

23 
5 

7 

3 

97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 

White 

Whiteside 

Kendall  

G 
0 
1 

0 

1 
1 

Will 

50 
5 

•I 

8 

Lake 

11 
14 

1 

I.  a  Salle.    .. 

Ljiwrence  

Leo  

1,890 

6,513 

38,180 

49,021 

45,  532 

988 

194 

INDIANA. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


1 
:s 

4 
5 
C 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
1C 
17 
18 
19 
20 

no 

23 

24 
25 
20 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
31 
35 
30 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
40 
47 

COUNTIES. 

ACKES. 

48 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

3  and  under  10. 

?i 

h 

a 

o 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

5;:0  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3 

43 
10 

50 
251 
S3 

530 
1,449 
002 
63 
231 
925 
357 
554 
719 
487 
4qO 

353 
590 
521 
97 
133 
575 
183 
549 
575 
507 
375 

01 
158 
323 
128 
27 
171 
70 
209 
143 
283 

Madison  

7G 

G54 

56") 

Allen  

1 

49 
50 

59 
4 
1 
12 
14 
31 
45 
10 
1 
8 
8 
3 
7 
G3 
GO 
48 
32 
41 
14 
32 
51 
12 
21 
30 
14 
21 
40 
110 

128 
90 
58 
70 
Gl 
125 
135 
8 
Gl 
29 
£8 
93 
05 
193 
179 
Gl 
119 
129 
33 
161 
219 
23 
118 
56 
112 
188 
Gl 
219 
23 
99 
07 
198 
42 
133 
33 
101 

12 
181 
40 
82 
141 
51 
145 

736 
514 
383 
808 
311 
641 
C21 
72 
082 
12C 
253 
812 
400 
499 
COO 
353 

co:. 

297 
310 
1,014 
1,070 
491 
528 
311 
730 
097 
125 
G37 
511 
428 
455 
473 
119 
509 
177 
480 
951 
192 
701 
461 
424 
CC9 
259 
C75 

773 
260 

247 
504 
410 
705 
001 
115 
410 
144 
3C7 
012 
596 
189 
338 
270 
413 
181 
531 
781 
518 
911 
494 
307 
785 
411 
49 
390 
565 
401 
548 
193 
283 
244 
202 
419 
COO 
314 
433 
694 
842 
330 
247 
319 

340 
83 
107 
1C8 
541 
C72 
420 
90 
140 
93 
33G 
451 
318 
57 
129 
230 
212 
110 
906 
230 
205 
462 
230 
102 
387 
145 
11 
113 
251 
213 
573 
75 
251 
C7 
215 
311 
170 
304 
182 
545 
513 
69 
251 
79 

0 

2 

Bartholomew  
Eunton  

7 
9 

Marshall  

5 

51 

lilnekford 

14 
65 
27 
38 
4 
9 
go 

53 
208 
94 
121 
99 
93 
1-1° 

1 

9 

15 

1 

53 

54 

2 
1 
1 

Carroll 

1 

Cass  

56 

Clark  

3 
o 

Noble  . 

Clay  .... 

5^ 

Ohio  . 

G 

1 

1 

31 
07 

3:2 
32 
29 
33 
15 
50 
21 
0 
8 
15 
28 
38 
18 
o 

144 
100 
94 

118 
01 
123 
89 
208 
115 
20 
83 
73 
130 
119 
.  51 
57 

813 
377 
C77 
833 
47G 
C51 
G33 
845 
733 
170 
319 
481 
821 
405 
340 
703 

001 
240 
559 
C36 
530 
407 
553 
331 
743 
422 
125 
571 
735 
340 
423 
593 

103 
20;) 
248 
'    410 
106 
200 
76 
301 
355 
83 
299 
303 
131 
303 
194 
317 
186 
181 
258 
539 
328 
51 
79 
371 
158 
79 
29G 
180 
527 
250 
192 
211 
201 
402 
534 

59 

Crawford  

60 

!  C1 

02 

1 

1 
7 

3 

Parke 

3 

Perry  

I  03 
61 
65 
G6 
G7 
08 
69 
70 

Pike  

DeKalb.. 

5 

o 

29 

o 
1 

3 

Poscy  

P  til  a  ski 

Dubois  . 

Elkhart  . 

1 

8 

Fayctto  

Randolph  
Riplcy 

Floyd  . 

5 
1 
1 

1 

1 

Fountain  

8 

Rush  

Franklin  ... 

71 

Fulton  

1 
3 
1 
C 

1 

72 
73 

Scott  

Shelby.... 

Grant  

74 

1 
1 

75 
76 

77 

33 
SO 
10 
14 
7 
30 
8 
33 

274 
86 
108 
53 
57 
247 
90 
164 
7 
148 
174 
45 
54 
77 
145 
115 
64 
57 
39 

938 
535 
704 
403 
593 
790 
720 
GSO 
211 
GG2 
G85 
444 
510 
401 
720 
470 
274 
337 
222 

CIS 
520 
655 
483 
790 
339 
428 
523 
104 
433 
C73 
458 
733 
300 
518 
400 
315 
425 
304 

Stfuben..  . 

1 
o 

1 

16 
1 
1 
1 
7 
1 
o 

20 

1 

Sullivan.       .   . 

1 
8 
1 

1 

78 
79 
80 
81 
ft" 

C2 

49 
102 
15 
36 
7 
51 
80 
5 
28 
5 
94 
14 
12 
6 

4 

Tipton 

Iluntington  

1 
3 

1 
2 

1-3 
84 
85 

3 

Jay  

32 
Cl 
7 
11 
30 
05 
33 
14 
19 
17 

Waba.sk  

Jefferson  

86 

8 

Jennings  

87 

Warrick  

2 
1 

88 
89 
90 

3 
2 

1 

1 

KoHciusko  

Wells  .  . 

La  Grange  

91 
92 

White. 

9 

5 

Lake  

2 
13 

29 

1 

7 
6 

Whitley  . 

Total  

2,  535 

9,  648 

13,  001 

12,  076 

32,014 

287 

74 

IOWA. 


199 


FARMS  CONTAINING  THREE  ACRES  AND  MORE. 


\<jiti;.s. 

ACUKS. 

COUNTIES. 

d 

h 

Si 

h 

•B 

3 

13 

g 

h 

V 

!• 

t- 

COUNTIES. 

0 

h 
o> 

?; 

h 

sj 

0 

S 
t. 

adcr  500. 

1 

over. 

•- 

3  and  und 

10  and  un 

20  and  un 

50  aud  uu 

100  and  u 

500  and  ui 

1,000  and 

3  aud  tint 

10  and  nn 

20  and  un 

c; 
*a 

s 

100  and  u 

500  and  nr 

1,000  and 

1 

A  dair 

o 

12 

58 

39 

52 

3° 

1°3 

C7fi 

r>F-i 

310 

I 

g 

13 

64 

41 

C 

53 

1 

28 

300 

2PO 

'71 

1 

T 

28 

1C3 

05  1 

213 

67 

51 

4 

CS 

570 

523 

0 

4 

20 

135 

439 

IPO 

1 

55 

Krokuk  • 

00 

7CO 

4  17 

J 

»> 

•1 

29 

13 

4 

1 

rifi 

1 

10 

OO 

e 

;j 

4 

35 

3113 

30:1 

1^3 

Leo 

Gl 

124 

COG 

418 

7 

1 

40 

331 

I'll 

71 

58 

Gl 

1  17 

C17 

6(10 

333 

0 

8 

33 

197 

104 

70 

1 

C9 

17 

318 

4 

9 

G 

51 

307 

Ml 

01 

1 

CO 

19 

GG 

3'1I 

iin 

G2 

•  i 

24 

89 

425 

227 

CO 

Gl 

43 

78 

097 

1  14 

0 

11 

1 

01 

Mahaska 

12 

301 

4  I."i 

218 

10 

GT 

3 

34 

10 

G 

1? 

Butler 

20 

193 

127 

39 

04 

14 

60 

ti~') 

51G 

]G-"> 

i  i 

1 

9 

8 

o 

C5 

Slumlmll 

1-1 

°43 

nl  1 

HO 

n 

5 

10 

8 

o 

CO 

Mills 

8 

4-> 

]P4 

84 

in 

Cass  

10 

90 

56 

JG 

C7 

Mitt-hell 

79 

1!)0 

f'1 

37 

17 

17 

55 

330 

504 

508 

„ 

08 

0 

•1') 

311 

287 

129 

I 

1R 

21 

5(i 

31 

4 

09 

1 

U 

Gl 

38 

7 

10 

Cherokee 

» 

;) 

1 

70 

20 

29 

311 

3'  G 

°n 

40 

132 

332 

F7 

1G 

71 

Oscrola*  .... 

°1 

Clarke 

37 

2(17 

203 

55 

73 

O'Brien 

1 

00 

Clay 

73 

'  I 

Clayton  

3 

05 

070 

511 

325 

3 

74 

3 

4 

°4 

Clinton  

13 

87 

4F1) 

001 

477 

7 

1 

7r> 

Palo  Alto 

4 

G 

0 

1 

4 

32 

12 

3 

70 

5 

20 

H 

1 

•  .; 

Dallas 

17 

53 

°78 

202 

97 

77 

Polk 

11 

3  ~) 

°93 

118 

Davis  .  . 

19 

123 

5'!9 

453 

253 

0 

73 

195 

. 

Dccatur..   . 

73 

117 

455 

283 

117 

1 

79 

0 

14 

°'!0 

195 

0.1 

13 

33 

445 

452 

307 

C 

PO 

7 

35 

17° 

08 

31 

30 

20 

143 

587 

033 

302 

1 

81 

Sac  .... 

15 

4 

1 

"11 

1 

G 

3 

82 

Scott 

7 

•  ' 

29 

151 

824 

553 

294 

3 

PT 

Shelby   . 

o 

10 

r_ 

19 

4 

n*i 

o 

5 

84 

14 

19 

93 

5^8 

283 

132 

1 

85 

Story 

3 

°3° 

148 

51 

3% 

Floyd  

3 

33 

158 

118 

GG 

Pfi 

Tarn  a 

1 

53 

G7 

r*rt 

3 

14 

CO 

37 

11 

P7 

Taylor 

4 

•47 

1?0 

99 

•;, 

Fr6inont  

6 

31 

17!) 

153 

75 

pa 

1G 

49 

15° 

7° 

12 

38 

Greeno  

1 

1G 

77 

45 

14 

PO 

19 

82 

478 

45'8 

290 

o 

10 

6 

48 

30 

9 

1 

DO 

Wupcllo 

1 

202 

0 

40 

Onthrio  

(Z 

25 

197 

104 

38 

91 

4 

352 

108 

41 

Hamilton  

15 

53 

52 

19 

92 

14 

58 

4°3 

597 

355 

o 

4.1 

1 

13 

5 

1 

93 

21 

OjO 

114 

4T 

Hardln 

4 

13 

18G 

153 

48 

94 

(~7 

44 

32 

ns 

54 

17 

95 

I 

41 

13 

70 

475 

51)7 

373 

96 

1-18 

771 

322 

115 

3 

4fi 

Of) 

70 

79 

97 

1 

6 

14 

4 

47 

Huraboldt  

1 

7 

8 

7 

08 

Worth 

18 

44 

3') 

0 

4R 

Ida.. 

5 

1 

99 

AV  right 

40 

Iowa  

9 

81 

397 

233 

90 

1 

OD 

Jackson  

41 

173 

744 

018 

2C3 

3 

r»l 

G 

34 

410 

337 

15° 

1 

*  No  returns. 


200 


KANSAS. 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


ACRES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

1 

A  lit-  11  . 

121 

138 

58 

o 

17 

5° 

138 

52 

t 

Atchison  

8 

09 

2G3 

131 

68 

21° 

370 

.            go 

7 

32 

86 

180 

111 

Brown 

7 

62 

157 

77 

Butler 

12 

29 

Chase 

g 

21 

38 

Clay 

5 

Coffee 

C5 

1° 

o 

3 

we 

11 

O 

48 

16 

g 

54 

143 

43 

17 

Godfrey*  

18 

3 

10 

37 

4 

1 

10 

1 

1 

3 

4 

1 

°0 

°0 

103 

4 

G 

35 

177 

11° 

64 

9 

34 

143 

116 

.->  . 

46 

]38 

54 

i 

17 

58 

178 

59 

17 

C9 

56 

3 

°6 

oo 

16 

10 

u" 

°R 

Of) 

JIcGhee 

73 

Gl 

3 

'TO 

14 

oo 

14 

o 

11 

34 

10 

1° 

19 

1 

Otoe*  

11 

g 

10 

TS 

Riley  

1 

7 

15 

8 

16 

G 

83 

160 

65 

12 

17 

15 

go 

131 

34 

18 

40 

18 

41 

10 

O 

r 

Total  

750 

1  916 

4  714 

2  020 

700 

7 

1 

*  No  returns, 


KENTUCKY. 


201 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


1 
g 

3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
SO 

S3 
23 
34 

26 

38 
29 
30 

31 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

57 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

o 

8 

s 

8 

§ 

1 

1,000  nnd  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  nnder  SO. 

SO  and  under  50. 

50  and  undi  r  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1.000  nnd  over. 

3  and  nnder 

10  and  under 

20  nnd  undei 

50  and  undei 

100  and  undc 

500  and  undc 

Adnir 

16 

5 
12 
15 
33 
14 
6 
1 
6 
11 
34 
30 
5 
10 
9 
15 
31 
55 
6 
39 
41 
19 
14 
16 
9 
14 
11 
33 
20 
5 
5 
8 
01 
4 
4 
8 
3 
3 
21 
14 
13 
15 
11 
16 
30 
15 
6 
7 
12 
5 
8 
11 
10 
21 

23 

43 
23 
05 
50 
30 
40 
6 

17 
139 
91 
47 
33 
69 
44 
236 
301 
21 
111 
07 
153 
9 
133 
34 
53 
(15 
82 
62 
43 
9 
23 
104 
31 
31 
15 
18 
43 
119 
75 
18 
20 
05 
70 
73 
51 
45 
40 
52 
77 
89 
39 
53 
141 
58 
61 

186 
349 
146 
270 
317 
137 
197 

09 
35 
430 
229 
253 
167 
317 
107 
522 
500 
102 
323 
193 
320 
03 
200 
212 
287 
216 
451 
180 
190 
03 
109 
312 
147 
121 
74 
70 
235 
838 
345 
176 
116 
191 
398 
220 
220 
313 
257 
235 
220 
480 
158 
282 
148 
196 
165 

219 
280 
171 
221 
433 
170 
210 
82 
46 
79 
321 
77 
323 
181 

294 
306 
221 
138 
228 
157 
331 
141 
120 
202 
249 
191 
485 
130 
177 
87 
205 
104 
170 
132 
107 
114 
273 
552 
331 
219 
118 
173 
556 
161 
370 
299 
275 
303 
157 
403 
73 
294 
142 
116 
228 

201 
107 
197 
122 
393 
434 
380 
421 
58 
237 
234 
38 
245 
199 
128 
210 
103 
65 
166 
110 
173 
480 
437 
07 
132 
106 
174 
287 
02 
135 
452 
434 
47 
273 
77 
155 
323 
222 
196 
171 
201 
106 
75 
499 
50 
503 
185 
295 
384 
73 
223 
25 
446 
270 
53 
184 

4 
3 
13 

1 
11 
23 
6 
79 
1 
25 

10 
20 
4 
36 
33 
21 

03 
31 
41 
141 
65 

338 
166 
2<« 
385 
180 
226 

211 
258 
193 
155 

72 
262 

152 
185 
112 
85 
38 
170 

Allen 

3 
3 

1 
2 

4 

i 
11 

58 
59 
CO 
01 
02 
03 

a 

C5 
66 
67 
CS 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 

4 
2 

1 

1 

Bollard 

Bath 

1 

o 
11 

8 
0 
o 

12 
7 

8 
11 
26 
9 
5 
10 
7 
8 
17 
31 
3 
11 
30 
o 
38 

29 
92 
51 
6 

1 

15 
9 
21 

7 
5 
18 
10 
29 
17 
12 
9 
13 
4 
7 
32 
10 

3 

41 
50 
25 
50 
59 
27 
55 
70 
100 
46 
25 

57 
33 
22 
151 
89 
29 
82 
100 
12 
111 
125 
139 
140 
179 
29 
90 
31 
33 
27 
46 
9 
31 
10 
37 
63 
91 
39 
31 
CO 
37 
55 
81 
91 
17 

74 

158 
295 
115 
231 
185 
158 
162 
209 
361 
152 
190 

271 
212 
51 
401 
451 
121 
330 
469 
07 
392 
236 
: 
231 
305 
80 
750 
161 
98 
108 
132 
55 
169 
51 
182 
292 
294 
138 
181 
310 
257 
188 
318 
309 
45 

185 
396 
111 
138 
199 
223 
97 
272 
227 
250 
230 
296 
252 
211 
112 
301 
339 
250 
209 
479 
111 
380 
119 
202 
91 
104 
05 
COO 
145 
74 
197 
187 
151 
308 
95 
'  212 
263 
250 
159 
235 
362 
250 
227 
233 
225 
68 

324 
110 
405 
77 
86 
93 
519 
39 
408 
67 
376   i 
226 
279 
147 
176 
308 
134 
185 
443 
393 
235 
227 
349 
09 
181 
32 
21 
30 

108 

109 
507 
0;,7 
231 
268 
195 
265 
189 
150 
267 
424 
401 
308 
127 
106 
350 

35 

Boyd 

13 
o 

1 

1 

Boylo  . 

4 

McCraeken 

lireathitt 

8 
5 
1 
4 
1 

1 

CO 
1 
11 

15 

liullitt  

Butler 

1 

Culclwell 

Marshall  

23 
10 
16 
2 

3 

25 

74 

1 
3 

6 
3 
4 
39 
52 

70 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
80 
87 
68 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
106 
107 
108 
109 

Mt-tcnlfe...    . 

1 
7 
9 

5 

1 
1 

1 

Clark 

Clay 

22 
7 
3 
12 
5 

Clinton 

1 
3 

1 
4 
2 

3 

63 
15 

Ohio  

Oldlmm  '  

Edmondson  
Eutill 

Owsley 

12 

1 
1 
o 

4 

III 

37 

:.• 
39 
in 
'II 
43 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 

49 

50 

M 
52 
53 
51 
55 
50 

Floyd 

Piko  

1 

21 
2 
o 
41 
3 
3 
1 
11 
4 

Pulaski 

7 
1 

1 

1 

Rock  Custlo  

2 



Grant 

liusscll 

1 
41 
CO 
1 
12 
0 
19 
3 
3 
9 
20 
31 
13 

1 
fi 
9 

2 

1 

7 
0 

Scott 

Shelby  

Hancock  
H.irclin  . 

Taylor 

5 

Todd 

Harlan  

1 
3 

Trigg  . 

25 

Trimble  . 

Hart 

13 
22 
o 

1 

2 
2 

Webster 

10 
14 
1 

1 

1 

QQ 

6 

Johnson  

1,772 

6,808 

25,  547 

J4,  163     21,  095       1,  078 

lOu 

1 

202 


LOUISIANA  — MASSACHUSETTS. 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES   AND    MORE. 


1 

f> 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 

|! 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 

24 
25 

PARISHES. 

ACRES. 

25 

88 
29 
30 
31 

PARISHES. 

ACRES. 

0 

2 

•3 
n 

o 

Cl 

•r 
•^ 
o 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

19 
27 
14 

3 

8(i 
103 
77 
2-2 
11 

62 
1G7 
198 
133 

27 

]G 
53 
94 
63 
33 

23 
82 
135 
129 
30 

14 
30 
18 
16 
24 

12 
8 
5 
7 
4 

o 

18 
111 
10 
11 
29 
0 
14 
39 

23 
86 
9 
11 

55 

269 
125 
40 
1 
36 
28 
4.3 
7 
29 
5 
78 

94 
233 
11 
40 
43 
121 
312 
222 
21 
21 
121 
54 
37 
116 
135 
29 
70 
o 

78 
246 
6 
179 
178 

93 
124 
5 
42 
oo 

93 
77 
91 
15 
12 
83 
15 
38 
162 
93 
39 
15 
7 
22 
176 
21 
94 
89 

161 
194 
5 
73 

163 
93 

61 
12 
16 
139 
47 
41 
255 
107 
133 
8 
90 
56 
198 
1S1 

4.! 

21 
21 
3 
11 
2!) 
43 
56 
o 

12 
19 

oo 

16 
30 
14 
41 
1 
78 
10 
18 
18 
1 
•2 

1 

10 
1 

Baton  Rouge,  East  .  . 
liaton  Rouge,  AVest- 

Ouichita  

3 
9 

28 

8 
20 
14 

1-1 
21 
21 
S3 
1 
10 

18 
25 
60 
45 
C6 
135 
62 
11 
55 

1 

• 
40 

38 
57 
1 

1 
81 
115 

CO 
71 
155 
93 
101 
214 
314 
23 
134 
13 
9 
98 
57 
2!)B 
15 
20 
80 
124 
5 

88 
74 
30 
60 
80 
81 
305 
19 
121 
43 
9 
76 
41 
167 
20 

es 

25 
36 
14 

177 
183 

53 

155 
92 
359 
63 
250 
177 
65 
104 
81 
195 
24 
299 
38 
19 
109 

46 
44 

5 

01 
27 
26 
58 
32 
54 
39 
3 
41 
15 
16 
34 
18 
1 
(M 

8 
19 

1 
S3 
4 

33 
34 
35 
36 

37 
38 
39 
40 
41 

43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 

Caddo  

Subine  

St.  Bernard  
St   Charles 

3 
9 

Caldwcll  

Carroll  

St   Helena 

7 
5 
4 
1 
2 

13 
5 
13 
4 
13 

St.  John  the  Baptist 

25 
7 
iJ 

SO 
o 

8 
3 
4 
10 
12 

Dt;  Soto  .  .  . 

Feliciaua,  West  

St.  Tammany  

17 

10 
10 

11 

3;) 

5 
1 
5 

Iberville 

Terre  Bonne  

48 
1 
3 
C 
1 

97 
36 
1 
70 
30 

Vermilliou 

Lafayette  

c 

.18 
o 

1 

Liviny-ston  

Madison  

23 

620 

2  222 

4,882 

3,  064 

4,955 

1,161 

371 

*  No  returns. 


Ill  A  S  S  A  C  IIU  S  E  T  T  S  . 


ACRES. 

ACRES 

COUNTIES. 

o 

8 

S 

8 

! 

8 

«- 

S 

COUNTIES. 

<3 

8 

g 

8 

i* 

! 

S 

g 

-3 

3 

T 

rr 

0 

•0 

•S 

0 

d 

S 

Q 

3 

p 

3 

3 

3 

"8 

c 

S 

c 

3 

C 
3 

p 

3 

* 

•a 

d 

S 

§ 

o 

'Q 

e 

§ 

S 

S 

rt 

CO 

0 

s 

S 

S 

S 

0 

s 

8 

8 

S 

o 

1 

105 

218 

383 

175 

65 

9 

49  L 

778 

2  016 

1  611 

504 

0 

'*(> 

119 

577 

1  015 

1  3°5 

9 

20 

41 

°3 

14 

Bristol  

127 

3G5 

1  142 

527 

104 

11 

Norfolk  

377 

603 

1  007 

446 

102 

4 

Dukes  

G 

18 

90 

78 

65 

4 

1° 

219 

1,  320 

9'j 

210 

•J71 

949 

794 

3G4 

13 

Suffolk 

15 

12 

17 

10 

6 

151 

753 

1    1  17 

876 

14 

18G 

570 

2  142 

2  638 

1  582 

r 

7 

llampdcn  

5G 

143 

609 

921 

1 

a 

Hampshire  

lit) 

719 

944 

851 

4 

MAINE  — MARYLAND. 


203 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 

IW  A  I  !V  E  . 


ACUES. 

ACRES 

COUNTIES. 

0 
L, 

3 

1 

10  nnd  under  20. 

20  nnd  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1.000  nnd  over. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

8 

1 

1 

o 

20  and  under  50. 

DO  and  under  100. 

100  nnd  under  500. 

500  nnd  n.ider  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

1 

40 

100 

1  082 

1  236 

247 

in 

130 

569 

2  £05 

1  713 

331 

o 

170 

469 

1  SCO 

734 

203 

2 

'  ll 

G 

70 

770 

824 

179 

442 

2  101 

1,  590 

305 

1 

12 

33 

93 

478 

503 

149 

4 

18 

106 

813 

1  250 

621 

3 

13 

46 

167 

1  637 

1  °81 

678 

290 

664 

1  200 

657 

119 

14 

Waldo  

7° 

400 

1  058 

1  407 

356 

A 

173 

431 

2,268 

2,191 

522 

1 

1,1 

101 

487 

1,066 

514 

7 

51 

170 

886 

502 

84 

16 

York          

ooo 

027 

2  424 

1  710 

195 

1 

Total  

1,719 

5,435 

23,838 

19,611 

5,061 

9 

2 

M  A  R  Y  I,  A  IV  n  . 


ACRES 

ACRES 

COUNTIES 

d 

8 

55' 

§ 

I 

COUNTIES 

ci 

8 

8 

§ 

rj 

, 

3  and  under 

10  and  under 

20  and  under 

50  and  under 

100  and  undc 

500  and  undt- 

1,000  nnd  ov 

h 

a 

10  and  nudri 

20  and  under 

50  and  under 

a 

1 

8 

SOOnndnndr 

1,000  nnd  ov 

1 

19 

G8 

296 

446 

420 

G 

n 

17 

30 

100 

104 

383 

13 

3 

°47 

605 

18 

2 

14 

Kent 

4 

g 

70 

89 

578 

]4 

4 

1° 

9 

o 

0 

r. 

24 

36 

OJO 

331 

658 

3.1 

5 

76 

178 

621 

830 

1 

n 

34 

76 

139 

172 

586 

01 

2 

- 

9 

0-) 

79 

150 

351 

9 

17 

o 

42 

75 

161 

700 

20 

6 

2 

10 

80 

138 

°98 

1 

18 

St   Mary's  

25 

38 

213 

293 

407 

9 

1 

7 

10 

56 

298 

587 

798 

2 

3 

10 

Somerset  

108 

83 

147 

2S8 

424 

26 

6 

p 

Cecil 

96 

408 

50° 

510 

12 

"n 

Talbot 

19 

70 

119 

ooo 

46.1 

15 

0 

Charles 

5 

16 

°8 

71 

3-19 

33 

4 

21 

7 

60 

131 

215 

591 

4 

1 

°3 

43 

2°3 

315 

509 

3 

4 

00 

g 

23 

379 

627 

646 

11 

Frederick  

20 

129 

Total  

457 

1,210 

4,346 

6,825 

12,068 

303 

35 

204 


MICHIGAN. 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


• 

1 

3 
4 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
•_'i 

"•! 

29 

23 

•M 

:.•:, 

27 

29 
30 
31 
32 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

33 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  nnd  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

1 

9 
21 
102 

116 
58 

nso 

1,257 
550 
902 

1,359 
093 
014 

0 

510 
452 
331 

1 

103 

433 

891 

325 

69 

34 
35 
36 
37 
38 

•to 

1 

1 

16 

3 
109 
32 
54 
9 
8 
10 
81 
1 
oo 

10 
10 

198 
30 
219 
228 
217 
111 
13 
9 
451 
5 
171 
14 
70 

G72 
30 
C55 
1,039 
969 
092 
5 
12 
992 
8 
839 
11 
801 

418 
8 
396 
674 
9C7 
024 
4 
5 
430 
2 

470 
1 
706 

156 
4 
158 
209 
033 
344 

o 

6 

10 

7 
5 

4 

o 

2 

40 
41 
42 
43 

I 

4o 

46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
B2 

1 

3 

2 
48 
1,020 
146 
95 
47 
1,086 
i>2 

i 

28 
657 

2 

4 
o 

533 
85 
13 
29 
1,800 
8 
1 
3 
170 

164 

o 
17 
1,052 
4 
1 
10 
27 

3 

Midland  - 

5 
63 
5 
13 

1 
47 
12 

13 
332 
30 
64 

10 
122 
36 

1 

5 

103 

98 

1 

Delta  

__ 

Newaygo  
Oakland 

7 

191 

13 

28 

15 

289 

Grand  Traverse  .  .  . 
Gratlot 

o 
21 
02 

12 
89 
313 
1 
43 
102 
250 

47 
180 
1,425 
12 
74 
710 
834 

C 
28 
1,016 
6 

12 
575 
599 

3 

5 
340 
5 
3 
137 
192 

... 

Ottawa  

Hilfcdulo  

1 

25 
11 
1C 

126 
89 
79 
1 
101 
204 
224 
235 
120 
302 

330 

485 
192 

59 
268 
87 
1 
240 
735 
02 
349 
1,330 
723 

23 
90 
19 

Saint  Clair 

O 

13 
17 

98 

1 



Shiawasseo  

44 
55 
152 
9 
28 
59 

396 
052 

005 
848 
1,080 

103 
578 
11 
123 
910 
306 

4 

20 
5 
27 
53 
26 
1 

33 

41 
158 
276 

125 
21 

35 
711 
759 
1,334 
077 
26 

8 
1,100 
738 
805 
501 
4 

741 
472 
210 
198 
1 

1 

1 

4 
1 
1 

3 
4 

Kent 

"Wayne  
Total  

1,549 

6,  G08 

23,  430 

19,  079 

9,080 

40 

3 

o  returua. 


MINNESOTA. 


205 


FARMS  CONTAINING  THREE  ACRES  AND  MORE. 


1 

g 

3 

1 
5 
6 
• 
8 
9 

1:1 

1! 
!•> 

l:i 
i  I 
i:, 
n; 
17 
18 
19 
30 
21 
23 
33 
24 
25 
28 
27 
28 
2D 
30 
31 
32 
33 

COUNTIES. 

AGUES. 

34 
35 
36 

:  - 
:: 
i 
41 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

SOO  and  under  1000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Aitkon*  

Sleeker  

20 
1 
1 
5 
4 

54 
3 
9 
33 
32 
2 
144 

51 
o 

8 
12 
13!) 
1 
198 

1 

21 

78 

90 

12 

MilloLac  

Becker*  

Monongalia  

0 

3 

40 

1 

Benton  

1 
51 

5 
139 

28 
215 

13 

28 

6 

10 

Morrinon  

I51u«  Earth  

Mower  

6 

Murray  

49 

112 

100 

7 

Nicollet  

57 

27 

2 

Noble*  

Carltou  

1 
355 

1 
258 

o 
101 

43 
43 

44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 

Oim«tead  

41 
o 

168 

7 

705 

a 

834 

59 
1 

32 

7 

Otter  Tail  

Cass*  

IVmbina*  

Chisugo  

35 

82 

47 
o 

5 

4 

Pierce.*  

Cottomvood  

Pine  

4 

2 

1 

3 

497 
2<K 
7 
51 
1,421 
149 
404 
378 
377 
10 

1 
20G 
77 
2 
18 
322 
oo 

120 
139 
So 

1 

I'ipestono*  

Dakota 

40 
10 
1 
1 
14 
37 
19 
257 
23 
5 

140 
58 
9 
10 
180 
151 
106 
401 
145 
12 

54 
19 
1 
G 
59 
2 
34 
30 
8 

1 

I'olk  

o 
78 
7 
214 
9 
167 
37 
117 
377 
180 
8 

3 
21 
1 
251 
1 
Or. 
33 
13 
41 
30 
2 

1 
4 

Ramney  

47 
fi 
35 
4 
121 
4 
248 
45 
10 
7 

46 
10 
14(i 
3 
231 
12 
213 
240 
90 
17 

Itenvillo  

i 

Rice  

138 

1 

St.  Louis  

Scott  

10 
23 
1 
G 
2 
1 

i 

Sibley  





Stearug  
Steelo  

Itasca*  

58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 

Todd  

5 

"Wtibnshaw  

40 
5 
67 
49 

284 

183 
44 
70 
154 
189 

478 
120 
177 
351 
141 

82 
19 
90 
161 

27 

23 
3 

4fi 

41 
4 

4 

Lake*  ... 

295 
o 

1 
53 

410 
3 

145 
5 
7 
32 

23 
5 

12 
1 

Wright       

1  

Total  

41 

8 

4 

2,407 

4,539 

8,129       2,273 

! 

fi49 

0 

•No  returns. 


206 


MISSISSIPPI. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


ACRES. 

iVCEES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  nnd  under  20. 

CO  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  nnd  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

1 

10 

21 

70 

29 

32 

1 

7 

106 

134 

357 

*^ 

4 

20 

115 

135 

2C8 

41 

C 

m 

9 

53 

rn 

278 

138 

59 

T 

Attala 

37 

91 

405 

328 

275 

10 

3 

34 

3 

30 

126 

74 

81 

4 

0 

1 

8 

19 

132 

44 

17 

35 

Marshall  ..     . 

3:) 

173 

250 

44G 

95 

ig 

% 

13 

85 

445 

273 

148 

5 

Vt 

14 

58 

226 

O*JO 

2SC 

73 

14 

6 

Carroll 

10 

42 

192 

228 

400 

CO 

18 

17 

4 

78 

271 

2;)5 

148 

1 

4 

74 

219 

253 

31C 

46 

4 

?8 

8 

29 

244 

169 

146 

13 

I 

8 

39 

127 

SCI 

414 

234 

8 

1 

39 

13 

13 

65 

88 

105 

19 

q 

5 

9 

31 

28 

135 

73 

24 

40 

Oktibbchu 

4 

C5 

200 

140 

231 

10 

10 

Clark 

c 

23 

108 

101 

150 

8 

o 

41 

51 

9') 

576 

507 

407 

31 

1 

11 

10 

32 

73 

4 

42 

Perry 

19 

51 

69 

47 

29 

1? 

Copiah  

33 

214 

211 

289 

31 

5 

4T 

Pike  

00 

43 

234 

183 

197 

10 

13 

8 

30 

139 

83 

80 

1 

44 

8 

33 

144 

172 

271 

28 

10 

14 

De  Soto  

o 

40 

ISO 

270 

490 

64 

9 

45 

Rankin  

11 

70 

237 

196 

285 

19 

3 

if 

17 

53 

164 

79 

1'12 

oo 

3 

4C 

Scott  

20 

66 

188 

137 

117 

3 

Ifi 

17 

26 

51 

1C 

17 

1 

47 

1 

26 

139 

130 

126 

2 

17 

48 

Smith 

4 

62 

249 

147 

120 

1 

18 

8 

23 

"I 

1 

4 

3 

49 

11 

Hinds 

6 

40 

352 

97 

50 

17 

39 

81 

92 

143 

3 

°n 

9 

22 

82 

11C 

327 

64 

10 

51 

39 

231 

814 

608 

333 

oo 

3 

91 

1 

1 

4 

40 

41 

17 

52 

28 

84 

549 

49C 

312 

n 

2 

.  H  i 

27 

99 

589 

454 

265 

5 

1 

53 

2 

4 

20 

10 

57 

18 

1 

o-l 

11 

45 

10 

4 

54 

15 

°9 

47 

43 

186 

21 

V4 

62 

173 

20C 

15 

1 

Jefferaoti  

2 

21 

40 

161 

67 

28 

16 

9 

69 

27 

40 

_ 

1 

Pfi 

Jones  

14 

68 

180 

72 

27 

9 

23 

62 

60 

171 

53 

°7 

8 

46 

219 

195 

257 

26 

4 

58 

37 

°45 

2°0 

207 

15 

1 

W 

Lafayette  

8 

48 

2CO 

29C 

207 

25 

9 

59 

5 

31 

178 

288 

45 

8 

«» 

3 

78 

397 

240 

227 

14 

3 

60 

9 

°8 

68 

66 

240 

95 

40 

'• 

Total  

563 

2,516 

10,  967 

9,  204 

11,408 

1,868 

481 

*No  returns. 


MISSOURI. 


207 


FARMS  CONTAINING  THREE  ACRES  AND  MORE. 


1 

3 
4 

5 
6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 

i; 
18 
19 

20 

21 
go 

S3 
94 

•..  > 
£6 

**7 

28 
£9 
30 
31 
38 
33 
34 
35 
::ii 
37 

:>.- 

39 
40 
41 
42 
4J 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
:  • 
51 
52 
53 
54 

56 
07 

.I." 

COUNTIES. 

ACIM:.S. 

59 
C:) 
Gl 
G2 
63 
61 
65 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,  COO. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

l.OOOnnd  over. 

Ail-tir 

10 

39 

ooo 

21G 

140 
139 

1 

24 

3fi 
o 

34 
5 

59 
170 
11 
120 
oo 

31 

OfJO 

131 

5G 
81 
56 
07 
81 
18 
42 

237 
600 
105 
• 
156 
142 
603 
333 
139 
488 
3-'7 
330 
307 
100 
244 
70 
140 
511 
129 
143 
470 
221 
105 
329 
498 
289 
129 
430 
194 
33G 
525 
179 
131 
523 
205 
203 
403 
783 
251 
329 
224 
196 
231 
329 
325 
121 
459 
221 
257 
215 
448 
311 
270 
278 
213 

224 

410 
129 
140 

275 

82 
218 
108 
100 
304 
473 
285 
174 
93 
107 
97 
45 
170 
31 
56 
327 
209 
105 
409 
:,   - 

*>«wo 

77 
280 
201 
350 
428 
54 
G8 
391 
137 
178 
199 
402 
27G 
217 
259 
114 
23 
244 
136 
51 
259 
67 
105 
163 
290 
149 
12G 
159 

ea 

124 
211 
61 
40 
367 
30 
125 
51 
103 
206 
574 
251 
100 
106 
87 
47 
9 
53 
!) 
25 
70 
070 

GO 
522 
415 
105 
25 
135 
323 
432 
347 
16 
18 
281 
82 
78 
66 
203 
429 
9H 
220 
41 
7 
189 
39 
15 
1G1 
9 
18 
6G 
170 
74 
49 
58 
21 

2 

UdiiK  in 

00 

9 
13 
4 

55 
23 
30 
20 
29 
23 
IS 
5 

31) 
33 
GO 
18 
18. 
171 
13.r> 
101 
47 
03 
35 
92 
58 

107 

215 
2-13 
07 
135 
4  ','8 
418 
312 
324 
105 
185 
371 
190 

143 

250 
175 
37 
151 

217 
415 
445 
37 
157 
3!)0 
100 

91 
315 

ca 

17 
111 
114 
48 
Oil 
379 
17 
131 
503 
31 

1 
9 
1 

Amlriin 

o 

Il-.rr 

8 

li-irtou 

4 
o 

54 
43 
12 
G 
27 
35 
27 
3 
8 

1 

1 

6fi 

Miller 

lioliin  er 

67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 

4 
3 
22 

2 
1 
5 
2 

1 

35 
0 
1 

1 
21 

10 
1 

Monrots  

1 

1 

5 

Butler 

Calchvell 

5 

New  Madrid  

Cape  Girank'au  

3 

74 

24 

0 

213 

203 

Oregon  

8 
87 
32 

50 
240 
77 
78 
7j 
30 
GO 
50 
84 
62 
22 
98 
32 
53 
144 
92 
34 
57 
27 
Gl 
91 
281 
70 
96 
38 
27 
135 
GG 
78 
63 
141 
108 
154 
74 
79 
73 
82 
78 
64 

1 

111 
8 
41 
41 

IS 

11 

c 

21 
35 
62 
25 

28 
24 

1  0.") 
120 
7li 
50 
29 
25 
130 
129 
111 
79 
79 

2(U 
GO 
308 
401 
208 
341 
20!) 
101 
409 
373 
205 
2rt 
213 

309 
21 
204 
303 
123 
311 
243 
210 
194 
325 
143 
211 
17') 

282 
0 

8ii 

CO 
210 
418 
202 
98 
351 
40 
100 
121 

4 

1 

70 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
81 
85 
80 
87 
- 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 

Ozark.. 

Cedar 

17 
24 
3 
23 
11 
14 
4 
1 
10 
3 
17 
47 
19 
4 
24 

9 

1 

IVttiu  

22 
1 
15 

10 
1 

6 
3 

Chirk 

4 
19 

8 

Phelps  

Cluy 

4 
3 

Pike  

Plutto  

Cole 

Polk 

20 

2 

1 
9 
14 
4 

Dado 

Rails  

Dallas 

Randolph  

4 
1 

0 
43 
27 
48 
& 
2C 
38 
5 
3 
1 
5 
38 
1 
13 
21 
C 
14 
o 

60 
4 
10 
o 

10 
1 
11 
56 
10 

IOC) 
40 
99 
80 
73 
257 
190 
133 
70 

78 
100 
31 
87 
19 
65 
100 
43 
91 
33 
2E6 
02 
29 
21 
58 
19 
53 
126 
66 

435 
218 
256 
109 
150 
l,04fi 
004 
442 
427 
394 
479 
2GO 
194 
123 
235 
133 
153 
334 
194 
631 
393 
213 
114 
277 
224 
230 
434 
354 

274 
193 
96 
35 
03 
348 
155 
371 
362 
200- 
290 
200 
102 
128 
290 
31 

aa 

351 
194 

209 
473 
290 
<J9 
319 
238 
277 
397 
289 

242 
97 
40 
8 
39 
128 
32 
185 
257 
120 
144 
270 
01 
69 
483 
4 
37 
472 
143 
58 
382 
*247 
05 
501 
131 
307 
410 
153 

2 

1 

1 

3 

Ray  

Do  K'llb 

Dent 

Uipley  . 

St  Charles  
St.  Clair  .  .     . 

8 
o 

1 

1 

1 

Franklin 

91 
95 
9G 
97 
98 
i)9 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 

1 
3 

6 

1 
3 

1 
1 
G 

St.  Louis  

128 
20 
11 

10 

13 

28 

Saline  . 

3 

1 

Scotland  

4 
1 

2 

Henry 

Scot*  

1 

2 

27 

60 
54 
lOli 

9 

10 
20 
18 
13 

Holt 

27 

10 

Shelby  

Stoddard 

4 

1 

1 

Howell 

Stone  

1 

Ju-l-son 

8 
1 
1 
o 

5 
j 

30 
1 
8 
10 

1 

106 
107 
108 
109 

no 

111 
112 
113 

1 
1 
4 

1 

1 
1 

...... 

3 

1 

Lewis 

1 
4 

2,428 

9,110 

33,620 

24,336 

8,  497, 

4fifi 

95 

208 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE— NEW   JERSEY. 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES   AND    MORE. 

NEW 


ACRES. 

ACRES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

37 

119 

516 

7S5 

511 

7 

7 

91 

°4G 

90° 

1  408 

1  °5"> 

9 

I 

g 

Carroll 

64 

124 

877 

1  013 

510 

3 

8 

210 

450 

1  373 

1  309 

C88 

T 

54 

130 

454 

1  005 

1,105 

9 

9 

Strafford  

77 

173 

C17 

732 

438 

7 

70 

435 

029 

385 

o 

1 

10 

40 

368 

8% 

941 

5 

14-1 

O.TO 

1  117 

o  OOG 

1  774 

0 

o 

6 

135 

233 

895 

1   475 

1,153 

8 

Total  

859 

1  855 

7  584 

11  338 

8  759 

45 

4 

NEW    JERSEY. 


ACRES. 

ACRES 

COUNTIES. 

o 

^3 
rt 
f: 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  aud  over. 

COUNTIES.  * 

3  and  under  10. 

o 
ct 

h 

q 

0 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

h 

g 

o 
B 

P- 
o 

o 

1 

Atlantic  

34 

108 

8 

12 

31 

84 

394 

G68 

333 

1 

1 

O 

57 

1G5 

G02 

Gil 

191 

13 

41 

197 

54° 

551 

513 

o 

3 

70 

151 

391 

G74 

739 

1 

14 

91 

211 

720 

76? 

415 

1 

1 

I 

8 

19 

175 

273 

220 

15 

17 

54 

200 

152 

140 

1 

1 

58 

108 

203 

123 

30 

16 

55 

112 

333 

20') 

96 

1 

6 

57 

134 

431 

407 

13° 

17 

19 

8° 

30° 

55° 

471 

7 

Essex  

186 

252 

463 

141 

40 

18 

1 

61 

331 

709 

GG1 

1 

1 

ft 

88 

127 

353 

444 

318 

1 

19 

18 

G3 

231 

630 

839 

5 

q 

56 

70 

68 

29 

17 

20 

91 

170 

359 

24  G 

60 

1 

LO 

GO 

151 

451 

1  213 

77° 

1 

°1 

7 

40 

2°8 

595 

700 

1 

i  < 

46 

102 

234 

522 

4G1 

1  059 

2  390 

7  138 

9  C52 

7  198 

17 

NEW  YORK. 


209 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


1 

3 

4 
6 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
19 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
23 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
£8 
» 

HI 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
X 

39 
40 

I! 

42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 

COUNTIES. 

ACHES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500nndunderl,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  aud  under  10. 

JO  nnd  under  20. 

20  nnd  under  50. 

50  nnd  under  100. 

100  nnd  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  nnd  over. 

173 
89 
45 
137 
80 
219 

140 
120 
55 
42 
51 
54 
2-17 
45 
58 
16 
72 
32 
9 
51 
84 
CO 
73 
41 
119 
209 
33 
99 
59 
119 

195 
330 
140 
370 
224 
431 
71 
248 
278 
118 
100 
199 
142 
007 
88 
266 
43 
184 

29 
224 

235 
52 
185 
107 
274 
351 
54 
9 
218 
537 

504 
1,593 
907 
1,568 
1,231 
1,835 
527 
1,  040 
1,038 
311 
721 
1,077 
390 
2,444 
585 
1,305 
333 
654 
400 
103 
643 
1,542 
170 
881 
623 
995 
1,218 
192 
7 
1,  052 
2,288 

1,570 
1,  107 
1,501 
1,890 
2,129 
639 
1,669 
949 
693 
1,183 
1,900 
892 
1,913 
808 
1,003 
640 
1,151 
1,081 
109 
1,001 
2,320 
110 
673 
1,037 
1,506 
],709 
744 
1 
1,208 
2,421 

985 
850 
581 
915 
1,024 
1,219 
334 
1,532 
587 
1,734 
686 
1,730 
1,837 
911 
097 
408 
505 
782 
883 
58 
1,131 
1,907 
118 
583 
983 
903 
1,010 
909 

'  658 
1,396 

1 
4 

174 
55 
25 
105 
175 
141 
30 
204 
37 
9 
3 
99 
03 
20 
07 
100 
38 
81 
175 
101 
00 
18 
121 
33 
40 
75 
226 
40 
32 

435 
133 
74 
109 
495 
291 
77 
407 
78 
35 
40 
435 
159 
£6 
119 
156 
105 
290 
!  0 
307 
143 
113 
238 
72 
110 
201 
290 
127 
93 

1,474 
644 
419 
585 
2,354 
1,214 
285 
927 
497 
101 
342 
2,602 
724 
208 
631 
640 
405 
2,137 
1,199 
1,286 
925 
817 
1,093 
537 
508 
1,301 
850 
1,033 
449 

1,988 
1,430 
1,295 
1,149 
1,499 
2,314 

;  - 

6J4 
1,273 
37 
301 
2,974 
1,643 
530 
1,  535 
929 
859 
2,248 
820 
847 
1,130 
1,375 
1,528 
749 
1,294 
1,608 
1,023 
1,405 
625 

1,  095 
1,095 
1,  359 
557 
472 
1,730 
301 
262 
1,110 
31 
78 
1,687 
1,173 
357 
081 
437 
525 
1,133 
30J 
307 

4::o 

595 
697 
370 
1,509 
738 
849 
820 
538 

3 

6 

4 
1 

Ontario  

1 

8 
5 
7 
4 
4 
5 
7 
3 

19 
0 
4 
1 
1 
2 
5 

0 
9 
1 
1 
28 
1 
4 
n 

1 
1 

4 
1 

1 

4 

• 

° 

2 

Uockland 

4 
2 

1 

2 
1 

1 

Eric 

ESHCX 

Schohario  

3 

8 
5 

Suffolk     

2 

o 

Sullivan  

Tiogft 

1 

Tompkins  
Ulster  .     . 

1 
5 
7 
1 
8 
3 
3 

1 
a 

3 

\Vayno 

\Vestchester  

59 
60 

Wyoming  
Yatcs  



o 

7 

Total 

5,232 

12,  310 

54,502 

73,037 

50,132 

225 

21 

27 


1HO 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


COUNTIES. 

ACHES. 

45 

46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
04 
G5 
CG 
G7 
68 
09 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 

: 

81 

82 
83 
84 
85 
86 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  aud  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

1  00  and  under  500. 

500  aud  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

JO  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

1 
43 
5 

4 
39 
12G 
53 
18 
2C8 
20 
o 

10 
18 
36 
7 
4 
8 
40 
24 
20 
10 
55 
01 
21 
12 
10 
8 
51 
8 
1 
8 
20 
16 

11 
34 

14 
4 

8 
7 
16 
32 
41 

15 
101 
18 
24 
87 
179 
71 
54 
207 
71 
17 
31 
39 
42 
27 

e 

'"7 
75 
113 
59 
38 
115 
127 
44 
35 
40 
25 
81 
33 
74 
23 
37 
20 
46 
18 
41 
27 
20 
27 
64 
18 
27 
79 
75 

113 
320 
9") 
196 
307 
233 
197 
187 
133 
288 
223 
190 
178 
99 
CO 
33 
415 
522 
4C4 
132 
359 
224 
239 
232 
196 
534 
149 
225 
147 
482 
83 
314 
127 
°75 
81 
227 
126 
114 
159 
293 
109 
100 
422 

285 
194 
104 
198 
208 
99 
141 
136 
34 
277 
154 
310 
183 
94 
20 
110 
357 
529 

OfKJ 

71 
374 
105 
122 
192 
140 
621 
176 
204 
174 
445 
1C4 
313 
139 
342 
97 
400 
105 
141 
122 
232 
91 
58 

448 
105 
123 
279 
170 
79 
209 
15li 
40 
260 
88 
2!)6 
140 
122 
20 
4  GO 
209 

106 
76 
272 
135 
122 
1C4 
129 
391 
192 
329 
3C8 
198 
332 
139 
238 
590 
213 
700 
313 
181 
105 
121 
202 
99 
304 
41 

17 

4 

28 
4 
11 
8 
32 
30 
71 

88 
11 
26 
38 
96 
61 
97 
11 
64 
75 
70 
31 
97 
51 
57 
73 
43 
68 
18 
55 
38 
39 
14 
70 
28 
53 
23 
48 
62 
63 
90 
39 
39 
83 
23 
69 
121 
22 
93 
23 
39 
196 

373 
50 
77 
211 
244 
182 
210 
157 
481 
304 
580 
158 
180 
1G7 
142 
5-11 
159 
141 
111 
257 
137 
408 
179 
296 
164 
378 
259 
280 
395 
345 

U^l 

114 
349 
433 
89 
120 
283 
110 
611 
122 
COO 
411 

341 
47 
90 
193 
183 
124 
130 
166 
325 
214 
330 
182 
124 
212 
103 
436 
106 
63 
133 
231 
80 
719 
185 
353 
228 
308 
257 
299 
284 
161 
242 
65 
319 
450 
118 
74 
110 
165 
375 
1G4 
303 
219 

296 
118 
220 
132 
74 
92 
187 
87 
299 
140 
183 
284 
177 
338 
156 
297 
128 
102 
313 
358 
61 
4G3 
2G9 
•109 
396 
403 
188 
394 
187 
116 
188 
49 
211 
531 
253 
50 
59 
317 
217 
199 
174 
108 

15 
29 
27 
4 
2 

3 
12 
2 

9 

1 

10 
14 
34 
17 
6 
18 
24 
30 
18 

4 
19 
9 
21 
12 

0 

24 
2 
4 

5 
4 
2 
45 
51 
6 
1 
38 
o 

11 
3 
o 

1,  184 

8 
5 
8 
1 
1 
I 
1 

A  Heghany 

1 
39 
0 
5 

38 

o 
4 
1 
11 
7 
12 
4 
66 

0 

15 

1 
5 

1 
1 

4 

1 
o 

1 
4 

8 

Ashe       

Rladen 

Mecklenburg  

3 

26 
9 
6 
57 
S4 
88 
18 
23 
28 
4 

12 
9 
1 
24 
3 
13 
1 
14 
11 
17 
47 
10 
17 
32 
27 
23 
24 
6 
26 
o 

19 

81 

1 
1 

3 

Burke 

Moore  
Nash  

New  Hanover  
Northampton  
Onslow  

Culdwell  

17 
8 
5 
4 
5 
6 
5 

Caswcll  

Catawba        ...    . 

o 

13 
4 

5 
1 

Pitt 

Polk 

Colurubus  

11 
8 

4 
13 
19 

58 

8 
1 

4 

o 

7 
5 
1 
7 

7 
13 

,; 

19 
o 

1 

1 
8 
1 
o 

2 

o 

Currituck  

Tiockinglmin  

4 

7 

Davio  

Duplin 

7 

Stokea 

1 

46 
1 
17 
55 
12 
28 
49 
7 

1 

1 
7 
14 
1 

7 

Gates  

Graiiville  

Wake  

Guilford. 

Washington  

Halifax  

Ilarnett  

Wilkea 

Wilson 

5 
•1 

Hertl'urd 

21 
6 
10 
3 

Hyde        .      . 

Total 

311 

• 
Jackson  

126 

2,050 

4,  879 

20,  882 

18,  496 

19,220 

OHIO. 


211 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


ACHES. 

ACHES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1.000  and  over. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

6           g 

I           I 

I"     '§ 

3° 

94 

476 

755 

517 

(j 

46 

19 

115 

626 

796 

425 

l 

2 

Allen 

4° 

143 

8°1 

611 

184 

1 

47 

27 

193 

1,146 

1  112 

484 

<» 

^ 

4 

46 

4.77 

1  043 

506 

2 

48 

Lucas  

136 

195 

561 

311 

103 

l   

4 

4 

77 

719 

1  0"3 

650 

4 

40 

5 

29 

292 

4.')7 

48               24 

5 

21 

95 

657 

731 

374 

7 

•Vt 

10 

93 

966 

971 

574 

2    

g 

°0 

129 

960 

487 

118 

1 

1| 

59 

98 

405 

510 

3C4 

18                 8 

7 

21 

55 

450 

%5 

G8C 

1 

1 

V5 

39 

137 

935 

1,084 

477 

4                 1 

8 

21 

115 

635 

9G1 

528 

2 

•il 

Mclgs  

23 

51 

461 

512 

220 

3    

9 

40 

03 

432 

1  002 

797 

4 

•V) 

31 

£42 

971 

491 

95 

I  'i 

G 

24 

040 

7  ~& 

755 

0 

1 

Vi 

Miami 

32 

74 

510 

1  010 

4"S 

11 

7 

37 

336 

G65 

565 

13 

56 

57 

°5° 

1  206 

853 

374 

1 

19 

Clark  

CI 

03 

330 

53o 

540 

11 

1 

57 

Montgomery  

150 

211 

610 

1,185 

633 

,                I 

n 

109 

192 

778 

1  057 

408 

3 

2 

;  Sfl 

58 

616 

975 

440 

1        . 

14 

g 

100 

718 

77fi 

407 

7 

1 

V) 

16 

80 

63t; 

994 

412 

11 

32 

112 

580 

1   IC8 

588 

(id 

59 

37-> 

973 

913 

12                5 

16 

14 

40 

424 

852 

707 

7 

1 

111 

18 

74 

(562 

790 

4H9 

5    

17 

IB 

70 

642 

908 

38'' 

5 

3 

6° 

Ottawa        .   . 

44 

110 

293 

154 

67 

4    

IB 

125 

407 

1  238 

982 

450 

] 

61 

6 

05 

214 

73 

16 

10 

17 

12S 

1  064 

1  08° 

346 

; 

30 

59 

425 

802 

611 

4    

BO 

18 

112 

565 

311 

87 

3 

ffi 

8 

75 

371 

562 

605 

20  .               6 

1)1 

5 

49 

510 

876 

4  GO 

3 

66 

Pike  .  . 

55 

134 

463 

329 

228 

6                 6 

S3 

Erie 

26 

111 

408 

51  C 

350 

2 

67 

Portage  

9 

98 

757 

1,  1  19 

750 

7  1              4 

gg 

Fairfield 

ie 

Cl 

49° 

928 

76° 

10 

C8 

Preble  . 

28 

28 

2S3 

7:18 

567 

si         i 

8  1 

10 

15 

116 

3°7 

546 

40 

10 

64 

46 

206 

657 

371 

115 

1    

*?5 

78 

208 

867 

840 

635 

«. 

1 

7(1 

13 

70 

613 

1  258 

714 

o 

26 

28 

115 

6"4 

513 

130 

71 

Ross 

51 

121 

401 

673 

- 

42  '             G 

1?7 

Gallia 

31 

82 

584 

514 

334 

6 

7™ 

6 

41 

400 

540 

194 

o 

3 

13 

217 

713 

585 

11 

71 

Scioto 

17 

96 

41  1 

398 

217 

4                 1 

29 

6 

37 

°84 

683 

565 

11 

74 

12 

95 

816 

1  240 

534 

30 

11 

27 

364 

938 

769 

73 

Shelby 

29 

141 

741 

663 

197 

••I 

. 

538 

613 

1   157 

839 

366 

7 

7(5 

Sturk 

14 

76 

638 

1  247 

845 

3    

TO 

1 

68 

768 

957 

317 

77 

36 

94 

537 

846 

664 

2                 2 

73 

21 

106 

558 

407 

152 

o 

1 

7ft 

10 

93 

815 

1  180 

815 

7    

14 

5 

9 

171 

635 

721 

-.1 

9 

40 

603 

1  027 

791 

10    

3% 

51 

142 

470 

138 

35 

W) 

21 

165 

66, 

6-,, 

277 

7                 2 

36 

15 

4° 

518 

92G 

725 

2 

Rl 

83 

206 

617 

274 

63 

1    

R7 

40 

145 

797 

629 

285 

1 

ff 

26 

76 

332 

363 

211 

6                 1 

3ft 

18 

81 

501 

«83 

650 

2 

81 

70 

107 

4i5 

818 

685 

5                 2 

39 

40 

183 

1  087 

1   172 

502 

84 

157 

431 

1  415 

964 

396 

1     

•in 

42 

93 

C09 

5°4 

324 

2 

85 

g 

54 

464 

1  292 

846 

4      

41 

27 

50 

192 

508 

664 

7 

R6 

Williams  

24 

87 

710 

540 

108 

i  :          a 

•1" 

47 

a, 

477 

1  054 

706 

8 

1 

R7 

168 

282 

804 

500 

144 

3  i  

43 

14 

65 

350 

540 

357 

1 

1     ; 

88 

9 

69 

504 

481 

261 

8          ia 

31 

45 

n 

137 

882 

1  2% 

980 

1° 

3  453 

c,  0*^ 

5°  356 

66  350 

40,699 

485  \          114 

212 


OREGON  — RHODE    ISLAND. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 

OISE«O1V. 


ACRES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

5 

14 

48 

40 

188 

61 

H 

g 

3 

17 

95 

174 

62 

°7 

4 

6 

7 

3 

6 

20 

5 

5 

24 

11 

18 

5 

16 

3 

3 

11 

4 

5 

2 

7 

25 

133 

107 

81 

4 

8 

2 

3 

21 

26 

98 

1° 

0 

9 

3 

4 

25 

33 

55 

in 

3 

21 

28 

253 

32 

18 

11 

2 

16 

101 

91 

566 

92 

1 

12 

16 

25 

156 

180 

311 

20 

2 

57 

87 

78 

17 

7 

14 

Polk                                                       

13 

34 

93 

63 

285 

42 

5 

15 

7 

6 

8 

2 

2 

16 

19 

18 

42 

33 

89 

15 

3 

17 

"8 

36 

71 

28 

11 

18 

89 

99 

159 

87 

130 

1 

19 

Yam  Hill                                        

1 

20 

83 

78 

198 

54 

5 

Total                          

300 

507 

1,236 

888 

2,337 

342 

47 

RHODE    I  SI,  AND. 


ACRES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  1  0. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

53 

66 

63 

54 

3Q 

g 

Kcut   .                  ...              

11 

65 

283 

299 

152 

1 

3 

102 

147 

335 

223 

148 

4 

81 

223 

772 

733 

257 

•( 

14 

51 

287 

438 

406 

6 

Total  

261 

552 

1,740 

1,747 

1,053 

11 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


213 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE   ACRES   AND   MORE. 


1 

2 

4 

5 
6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
•  0 
21 

23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
SI 
33 
33 
34 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
41 
45 
40 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
01 
65 

COUNTIES. 

ACKES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1 
1,000  and  over. 

18 
285 
24 

4 
181 
6 
149 

3C8 
15 
13 
o 

MO 
378 
81 
105 
43 
678 
21 
310 
689 
176 
86 
39 
6 
507 
173 
84 
41 
78 
449 
83 
102 
170 
132 
324 
37 
8 
90 
50 
24 
25 
202 
188 
52 
792 

379 
1,312 
685 
017 
317 
1,543 
127 
2,126 
1,774 
1,336 
622 
101 
71 
1,200 
039 
578 
239 
487 
2,407 
270 
499 
400 
205 
1,782 
304 
10 
324 
238 
411 
238 
917 
558 
238 
1,289 

684 
1,651 
1,279 
1,025 
851 
1,528 
306 
2,140 
2,109 
1,607 
551 
150 
304 
1,862 
900 
635 
255 
828 
1,884 
701 
7114 
454 
04 
1,654 
890 
18 
076 
374 
813 
704 
1,499 
566 
328 
2,441 

943 
904 
530 
509 
788 
1,428 
435 
826 
653 
697 
132 
51 
627 
1,298 
460 
215 
202 
431 
573 
1,018 
759 
297 
17 
570 
802 
0 
1,379 
325 
796 
794 
711 
157 
315 
1,633 

7 

34 
95 
44 
17 

01 
20 
38 
3 
332 
3 
60 
41 
17 
352 
18 
65 
203 
2 
3 
12 
6 
11 
29 
52 
21 
53 
308 
89 
4 
147 

35 
159 
386 
218 
94 
1,6 
111 
71 
22 
883 
16 
239 
109 
76 
3.J9 
45 
196 
294 
21 
29 
98 
118 
156 
56 
231 
196 
109 
648 
204 
33 
491 

465 
348 
812 
1,281 
466 
409 
1,168 
167 
258 
1,801 
101 
725 
314 
415 
486 
231 
592 
6IO 
231 
283 
334 
1,268 
1,235 
172 
1,238 
688 
471 
1,480 
741 
531 
1,425 

924 
598 
943 
1,329 
812 
151 
1,527 
291 
426 
1,733 
250 
977 
739 
671 
348 
169 
281 
742 
514 
615 
108 
1,687 
1,036 
285 
998 
42.) 
1,435 
710 
1,839 
550 
1,806 

369 
531 
476 
453 
511 
48 
552 
476 
210 
493 
198 
497 
683 
517 
87 
61 
62 
338 
317 
1,125 
35 
671 
359 
335 
317 
126 
1,670 
186 
1,431 
164 
1,265 

1 

5 
1 

Lebanon  

1 

1 
1 

8 

2 

1 
1 

1 

1 
1 
o 

1 

1 

Lycomiug  

Mifllin 

1 

1 

Northumberland-  .  . 
Perry  

Philadelphia 

! 

210 
120 
29 
12 
20 
101 

120 
85 
15 
79 
9 
0 
23 
10 
20 
4 
59 
80 
11 
482 

2 

1 
1 

Piko 

Sehiiylkill  

1 

1 

•  Snyder  

4 



Sullivan  

* 

Elk 

1 

Eric 

5 
4 

3 

2 

7 
1 
1 

1 

5 
1 
1 

2 

Westmoreland  

York 

1 

Jefferson  

Total  

4,821 

12,  343 

45,234 

57,  624 

35,923 

61 

15 

2 

21-1 


SOUTH    CAROLINA. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


DISTRICTS, 


1  Abbeville  - 

Anderson 3 

3  Bjirmvcll 13 

4  Beaufort 5 

5  Charleston 31 

6  Chester 10 

7  Chesterfield  . 

8  Clarendon 1 

9  Collcton  ... 

10  Darlington 14 

11  Kdgefield 10 

13  Fuirfield 1 

13  Georgetown  . 

14  Grcenvillo 58 

15  Horry 53 

18  Kcrshaw 1 

17  Lancaster  . 

18  Laurens  . . . 

19  Lexington 3 

20  Marion 11 

21  Marlborongh 6 

22  Newberry 3 

23  Orangeburgh 7 

24  Tickens 18 

Richland 

Spnrtanburgh £0 

27  Sumter. 

28  Union 4 

29  Williamsburgh 15 

30  York  .  .  4 


ACRES. 


3 


Total. 


352 


17 
29 
29 
23 
85 
15 

8 

34 
4fi 
31 
54 

o 
37 
79 

23 
43 
10 
76 
48 
16 
30 
37 
67 
3 
70 
52 
29 


1,219 


194 
139 
153 
90 
174 
IK 
403 
178 


50 
410 
264 

114 

84 


159 
143 
377 
30 
503 
228 
181 
172 
199 

6,695 


288 
474 
3C8 
174 
99 
155 
175 
134 


378 
80 
38 
432 
151 
99 
SS3 
244 
348 
317 
105 
189 
249 
431 
38 
459 
169 
199 
152 
287 

6,980 


697 
400 
317 
427 

280 
333 
703 
425 
59 
288 

171 
222 
790 
273 
473 
S5G 
426 
573 
398 
85 
527 
330 
327 
215 
646 

11, 369 


74 
15 

114 

120 
87 
65 
10 
33 
14 
50 

143 
96 
33 
15 
3 
31 
23 

117 
8 

21 
24 
23 
58 
10 
16 
7 
62 
35 
23 
21 

1,359 


26 
1 


12 
3 

23 

20 

40 

7 

1 

1 

11 

4 

24 

1 

8 

10 

11 


5 

26 
8 
6 
10 


T  ENNES8EE. 


215 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


y 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

44 

45 

46 

47 
48 
49 
50 
51 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

3  acd  und*rr  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

ICO  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  nnd  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Anderson  
Bedford 

6 
11 
26 

1 

9 
4 

12 
9 
2 

15 
36 
16 
35 
4 
16 
26 
36 
147 
15 
8 
29 

33 
11 
4 
40 
4 
8 

29 
05 
72 
3 
16 
26 
49 
262 
41 
16 
43 
85 
125 
151 
23 
67 
46 
147 
183 
67 
29 
121 
125 
105 
130 
17 

37 
18 
5 
13 
241 
22 
83 
150 
106 
117 
252 
213 
54 
18 
34 
40 

1«8 
579 
318 
25 
169' 
171 
208 
454 
370 
190 
265 
255 
415 
264 
109 
317 
214 
313 
312 
266 
160 
234 
358 
632 
381 
121 
317 
123 
104 
137 
216 
343 
115 
263 
456 
496 
244 
365 
347 
277 
140 
292 
149 

209 
420 
233 
68 
359 
:    • 
124 
263 
475 
182 
161 
2:13 
292 
198 
89 
273 
160 
218 
241 
203 
182 
131 
257 
579 
395 

629 
C7 
183 
175 
2SO 
237 
220 
217 
406 
472 
2.'!1 
245 
236 
393 
142 
507 
113 

152 

676 
104 

109 
431 
203 
103 
127 
310 
103 
105 
218 
201 
S16 
32 
410 
100 
148 
151 
126 
474 
92 
286 
335 
565 
274 
622 
42 
211 
128 
313 
173 
371 
318 
2?6 
373 
143 
90 
195 
455 
97 
439 
125 

5 

28 

5 

9 
3 

76 
16 
7 
3 
7 
12 
13 
46 
6 
25 
39 

33 
1 
13 
6 
31 
12 
1 
22 
66 
3 
41 
8 
42 
39 
14 
1 
23 
33 
5 
17 
11 
42 
11 
13 
1 
38 
5 

64 
16 
352 
45 
230 
22 
125 
28 
37 
331 
14 
fi 
63 

ca 

183 
41 
31 
21 
313 
26 
15 
C5 
121 
16 
99 
19 
(14 
309 
105 
14 
lOil 
49 
19 
13 
31 
51 
160 
59 
31 
127 
73 

392 
73 
508 
413 
303 
145 
461 
71 
482 
575 
71 
315 
266 
197 
555 
249 
142 
62 
263 
61 
137 
331 
410 
144 
299 
50 
199 
311 
273 
141 
472 
221 
135 
43 
178 
255 
350 
573 
219 
293 
563 

231 
51 
5<6 

205 
307 
308 
99 
375 
511 
141 
380 
273 
71 
287 
301 
163 
102 
241 
63 
291 
410 
419 
90 
300 
58 
203 
397 
173 
3->3 
43(5 
181 
193 
63 
251 
420 
20u 
432 
280 
409 
659 

68 

574 
267 
128 
434 
437 
135 
351 
656 
143 
405 
377 
41 
144 
270 
83 
£9 
170 
137 
303 
409 
570 
25 
171 
53 
381 
403 
123 
3?7 
460 
164 
123 
61 
305 
461 
102 
234 
217 
496 

38 
4 

IS 

BlcdMM 

7 
5 
8 
4 
o 

6 
o 

3 

4 

3 
1 

1 

McXary  

Bradley 

MeMinn 

11 
44 
7 
15 

24 
1 
9 
28 

Madison  
Marion  
Munliull  '.  

7 

1 
5 
1 
3 
5 

1 
1 

54 

55 
50 

57 

r>H 

Meiga  

Cockf 

Montgomery  

1 

1 

3 

1 

74 

0 
3 

2 

59 
CO 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
(17 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 

1 

Polk 

4 

1 
5 
12 
14 
46 

Dyer 

Rhea 

15 

3 
2 
6 

Franklin  

14 
9 
48 
11 
11 
3 
7 
1 
34 
4 
19 
58 
12 
9 
1 
1 
6 
5 

1 
o 

Rutherford  

Giles  

3 
2 
55 
9 
3 
7 
14 

1 

1 
9 
4 

1 

Seqimtchie  
Shelby  

Greene 

1 
1 
9 
1 
3 
8 
1 
1 
4 

Stewart 

1 
27 

25 
13 
15 
78 
o 

44 

o 
12 
30 

5 
2 

1 

Hard  in  

7 
5 
2 
1 
3 
44 
21 

921 

1 

5 

Humphreys  

Weak  ley 



2 

5 

7 
2 

Total  

2 

i 
1,687 

7,245 

22,  998 

22,829 

21,903 

» 

216 


TEXAS. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


1 

0 

:; 
•1 
5 

c; 
7 

H 
!) 

lit 
11 
12 

1:1 
i  i 

15 

16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
SI 

23 
24 
25 
S6 

28 
29 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
::,; 
:i; 
38 
:',:> 
40 
•11 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
SO 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
63 
63 

ACHES. 

04 
G5 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

o 
o 

>3 

a 

y 

•d 

§ 
8 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

11 
66 
7 
59 
3 
51 

70 
19° 

305 
23° 

213 

159 
27 

4 

1 

7 
4 
5 

21 
3Q 
14 

33 

150 
45 

13 

140 
33 

17 
302 
34 

1 
49 

11 

S     .  • 

29 
198 
12 
175 

41 
2S3 
12 
175 

18 
102 
8 
91 

4 

130 
o 

96 

66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
70 

13 

5 

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Bandorah 

9 
1. 
23 

o 

3 
6 
4 
10 

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3 
C 

75 

60 
34 
112 
97 
68 
14 
31 
40 
17 
27 

121 
117 
02 
370 
329 
215 
15 
44 
90 
10 

74 
10 
49 
143 
127 
103 
4 
34 
55 
4 
43 

40 
2 

41 
60 
103 
20 

n 

Bistro 

8 

Hidalgo 

B-i  -lor* 

Hill 

o 
1 
G 

1 
G 
8 
33 
4 
1 
3 
12 
o 

3 

6 
•      19 
5 
5 
18 
1 
21 
7 

4 
38. 
29 
57 
14 
30 
10 
30 
4 
C 
56 
44 
42 
3 
119 
30 
30 
46 

10 
107 
30 
53 
35 
71 
31 
70 
1 

o 
82 
21 
20 
18 
00 
21 
30 

o 
50 
33 
10 
14 
102 

33 

Bell 

4 
o 

1 

73 

74 
75 

Bl 

Jack 

40 
54 

4 

3 

5 
18 
4 

7fi 

Brazorln 

4 
1 

77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 

Brazos 

16 

Buchfraaa 

5 

18 

44 

7 
17 

69 
02 
17 

1G 
114 
30 

10 
50 
9 

Burlcsou 

1GI 
78 
138 
3 
149 
183 
32 
289 

84 
34 
82 
o 

48 
135 

254 

53 
70 

7 
1 
1 
1 

1 

25 
3 

Kerr  

Caldwell 

1 

83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
68 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 

KImble* 

2 

7 

Cimeron 

46 
146 

10 

177 

1 
o 

7 
1 

8 

30 

7 

87 
12 

271 
18 

141 
10 

79 
10 

1 

Cherokee 



Laialle* 

Clav* 

45 
3 
63 
20 
1 
27 

156 
40 
60 
120 
6 
15 

151 
69 
186 
11 
31 

94 
94 

80 
1 
10 

70 
101 
32 
39 
5 
6 

3 
3 

8 

58 

309 

188 

105 

2 

51 

7 

77 
144 
10 

146 
195 
13 

04 
57 
8 

63 
24 
7 

10 

1 

Convil 

9G 
97 
98 

31 

63 

143 

62 

74 

G 



43 
10 
14 

118 
38 
69 

120 
243 

38 
42 
206 

17 
24 
149 

1 

Cor  yell 

Madison 

17 
1 
9 

11 

35 
4 
18 
13 

72 
29 
7 
9 

27 
27 
5 
8 

29 
69 
1 
25 

2 

99 
100 
101 
102 

10 

1 

14 

3 

o 

83 

41 
109 

132 
130 

CG 
CO 

14 

07 

De  Witt 

10 

4 

103 
104 
105 

Medina 

11            20 

159 

29 

7 

7 
3 
G 
47 
28 
9 
5 
4 
45 
G 
50 
8 

G2 
13 
29 
1G4 
65 
42 
9 
19 
30 
28 
117 
22 

128 
10 
69 
425 
163 
93 
24 
20 
59 
212 
105 
81 

83 
o 

44 
174 
80 
45 
17 
3 
13 
180 
4G 
91 

51 

2 

106 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
115 
116 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 
125 

Ellis 

16 

53 
54 

160 
31 

120 
9 

04 

77 
111 
99 
39 
7 
6 
7 
152 
18 
123 

7 

Nacogdoches  

1 

Eusiual*..  . 

3 
1 

111 
7 
3 
24 
3 
1 

63 
32 
80 
152 
14 
54 

41 
62 
261 
291 
37 
137 

9 
35 
195 
160 
17 
92 

8 
30 
119 

181 
71 
126 

Fall  a 

1 

3 

19 
15 
5 

1 

4 
1 
2 

Fort  Bend 

7 
1 
9 

Frio*  

Polk 

5 
43 
16 
31 
7 
9 
15 

1 

13 
145 
34 

87 
77 
40 
58 
1 

24 
128 
72 
227 
261 
149 
137 
3 

C 
9 
22 
113 
17G 
102 
76 
1 

7 
2 
35 
110 
101 
1B7 
94 
1 

Gillespic  

Red  River.....*... 

14 
17 
10 

52 
27 
36 

160 
20 
70 

124 
10 
41 

117 
10 
61 

10 
2 
3 

2 

I 
2 

Goliad  

1 
8 

1 
3 

4 

t 

11 
11 

Ruak 

13 

7 
7 
1 

66 
26 
18 
15 
12 

335 
68 
83 
23 
10 

316 
58 
50 
2 
9 

308 
33 

58 
4 
o 

12 

3 
10 

3 
3 

San  Augustine  

Hardcm  flu* 

Hardin  ...                               4              17             42  i            C               5    .  . 

126     Sau  Suba  .  . 

T  E  X  A  S— V  E  R  M  0  N  T. 


217 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 

TE  XA8—  Continued. 


ACHES 

j 

VCUKS. 

COUNTIES. 

nder  10. 

under  20. 

under  50. 

under  100. 

under  500. 

undcrl.OOO, 

ad  over. 

COUNTIES. 

nder  10. 

under  20. 

under  50. 

under  100. 

under  500. 

| 

t 

•5 

•y 

n 

e 
a 
o 

1 
a 

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g 

S 

g 

8 

a 
a 

S 

I 

•d 
3 

o 

a 
a 
o 

Cl 

8 

§ 

8 

g 
§ 

i 

137 

1 

Ml 

20 

46 

31 

41 

128 

Shelby 

7 

101 

215 

114 

05 

1 

i 

142 

WlllUlT  

3 

48 

94 

87 

107  * 

10 

71 

594 

297 

°04 

10 

i 

143 

7 

45 

170 

117 

OJO 

130 

SCirr  

3!) 

11 

9 

G 

3 

i 

2 

144 

Webb  

2 

Kti 

r 

132 

MO 

15 

40 

128 

95 

70 

133 

147 

11 

47 

CO 

21 

4 

134 

Titus  

84 

113 

310 

21G 

107 

0 

1 

148 

Wood  

G 

GO 

150 

70 

3 

135 

14 

4G 

123 

GO 

131 

10 

3 

149 

g 

5 

Trinity  

3 

57 

Ml 

4G 

30 

1,10 

„ 

10 

9 

. 

n 

i:., 

Tyler  

15 

91 

157 

78 

39 

151 

i: 

9 

133 

387 

233 

180 

4 

140 

Uvaldo  

3 

7  • 
G3 

18 
130 

C 

40 

11 

I 

Total 

1  832 

G  150 

14  n* 

7  877 

6  831 

468 

87 

*Xo  returns. 


V  E  K  ill  O  N  T  . 


AGUES. 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  nnd  under  100. 

100  nnd  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

1 

44 

106 

473 

697 

1  074 

°1 

j 

o 

07 

84 

310 

451 

596 

10 

o 

n 

7 

49 

4°3 

1  0°5 

853 

3 

4 

Gl 

113 

377 

665 

793 

9 

0 

5 

Essex  

7 

35 

1G4 

218 

1 

6 

• 
Franklin  

°3 

13° 

498 

£23 

917 

n 

3 

7 

Grand  Irilo  

o 

54 

111 

153 

R 

Lamoillo  

5 

78 

446 

580 

370 

1 

0 

Orange  

13 

70 

513 

1  364 

1  059 

o 

in 

Orleans  

139 

750 

E29 

506 

1 

i  ; 

Rutland  

40 

119 

780 

1  258 

22 

i" 

Washington  

I 

3C 

595 

L  248 

762 

13 

48 

4G3 

1   1°1 

14 

Windsor  

13 

94 

607 

1  645 

1  581 

c 

Total  

3°1 

6  1^7 

11  70° 

93 

11 

• 

23 


218 


VIRGINIA. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


1 

2 
3 
4 

5 
C 

7 

K 

a 
u; 
ll 
12 
13 
14 
15 
Hi 
17 

;.- 

19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
33 
36 
37 
38 
30 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
43 
SO 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
00 
61 
62 
63 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

04 
G5 
CO 
07 
68 
09 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
7G 

COUNTIES. 

ACRES. 

c 
o 

3 

p 

10  and  under  20. 

3 

rr 
p 

E 

o 

CJ 

g 

c 
3 

o 
o 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  anil  under  500. 

5SO  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

44 
1 
IB 
1 
6 
13 
14 
30 
02 
9 
2 

60 

23 
17 
12 
18 
11 
55 
108 
20 
17 
2 
8!) 
10 
113 
10 
12 
09 

38 
67 

20 
30 
37 
C9 
G 

303 
GO 
23 
50 
33 
101 
40 
193 
337 
41 
202 
1!) 
212 
GO 

43 
52 
138 
97 
151 
130 
82 

210 
117 
23 

32G 
170 
40 
82 
55 
101 
90 
357 
282 
52 
394 

59 
141 
110 
127 
87 
55 
99 
137 
44 
121 
116 
189 
16 
45 

284 
570 
30 
91 
250 
340 
240 
873 
234 
101 
003 
434 
20 
£83 
33 
182 
430 
10 
359 
110 

410 
389 
169 
1 

105 

8 
80 
I 
0 
33 
25 
28 
40 
7 
7 
54 
9 

23 

5 

1 
1 
17 
12 
12 
o 

73 

4 

70 
10 

a 

24 

29 
16 

138 
1C 
14 
23 

in 

12 

107' 
44 
74 
03 
C3 
11C 
24 
44 
11 
42 
IS 
51 
19 
14 
83 
71 
21 
18 
3 
4 

19 
53 
17 

47 
go 

34 
9 
108 
C 
8 

25 
9 

100 
10 

58 

310 
40 
105 
100 
77 
145 
100 
214 
94 
71 
87 
81 
1G7 
410 
12G 
133 
71 
14.') 
280 
38 
123 
159 
204 
G3 
188 
85 
08 
234 
212 
30 
133 
28 
39 
50 
83 
243 
123 
309 
118 
181 
33 
431 
45 
48 
98 
270 
40 
S40 
81 
122 
43 
94 
418 
214 
195 
61 
98 
251 
239 
34 
55 
71 

07 
135 
03 
109 
85 
88 
201 
177 
78 
221 
115 
115 
90 
310 
412 
100 
74 
10 
153 
213 
49 
103 
433 
230 
107 
198 
111 
90 
101 
201 
81 
133 
88 
113 
55 
138 
215 
163 
470 
82 
118 
51 
422   , 
70 
73 
130 
202 
59 
132 
57 
103 
114 
134 
447 
107 
90 
79 
189 
214 
348 
129 
110 
140 

350 
104 

100 
291 
277 
122 
237 
140 
27 
838 
430 
333 
214 
219 
270 
108 
80 
0 
280 
132 
93 
207 
335 
329 
128 
220 
281 
134 
113 
158 

151 
200 
175 
243 
218 
205 
•258 
707 
37 
120 
189 
315 
318 
198 
291 
188 
143 
03 
37 
135 
243 
152 
855 
105 
50 
181 
493 
224 
201 
309 
193 
35." 

12 
3 

33 

29 
G 
G 
G 

Albemarle  

10 
4 
12 

All     Inn 

Ivingund  Queen  .  .. 
King  AVilliam  

0 
3 
C 

: 

8 
8 

A  ,  xmnttox 

o 
1 

'^     t 

1 

Bath 

10 
11 
25 

91 

33 
34 
12 
04 
24 
9 

38 
05 
35 

C 

C 

9 

7 

o 
3 

Uedford 

Bonne    y 

03 
4 
29 
17 

10 

2 

77 
73 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
80 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
93 
93 
94 
95 
9G 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
100 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
115 
110 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 
125 
126 

Marion  

1 
44 

Brunswick 

14 

Matthews 

BiH-h-uian 

12 
5 
1 

11 
10 

McDowell 

• 

33 

4 

11 
1 

58 
0 
12 
19 
G 
28 

11 
1 
3 
o 

Cabell 

48 
80 
5 

12 

O-~) 

1 

Montgomery  

Carroll 

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8 
7 
25 
11 

20 
8 
13 
o 

1 

4 

21 

16 

4 
12 
4 
3 

3 
40 
9 
1 
3 
3 
15 
CO 
1 
40 
4 
3 
13 
03 
1 
15 
35 
3 
43 
14 
28 

17 
4 

13 
4 

1 
1 

3 

3 

31 

05 

0 

17 
3 
20 
G8 
12 
17 
53 
27 
135 
28 
28 
CO 
10 
92 
1 

15 
9 
44 
50 
1 
27 
19 
45 
10 
3 
27 
59 
92 
74 
18 
34 
37 
G 

172 
10 
31 
48 

C3 
215 
40 
63 

1GO 
94 
331 

185 
89 
379 
57 
180 
01 
81 
40 

235 
12 
12G 
78 
15G 
43 
71 
105 
223 
101 
•     257 
40 
178 
208 
18 

143 
35 
79 
01 
32 
120 
119 
38 
G.I 
219 
103 
151 
238 
123 
434 
1G3 
98 
120 
85 
97 
243 
247 
13 
92 
185 
243 
122 
149 
107 
295 
128 
183 
84 
214 
221 
28 

329 
201 
100 
346 
209 
313 
53 
59 
209° 
322 
505 
75 
197 
304 
502 
495 
34 
180 
179 
230 
203 
403 
133 
173 
582 
013 
150 
220- 
400 
410 
207 
217 
179 
235 
96 
8G 

33 
29 
1 
77 
30 
30 
1 
5 
42 
12 
117 

-      1 

17 
23 

20 

Clarke 

1 
12 
1 
9 
23 

3 

50 

34 
2 
9 
13 

0 
46 

Norfolk  

15 
4 
14 
1 

Northampton  
Northumberland  .  . 

Cumberland  

Ohio  

Elizabeth  City  

10 
1 
1 

4 
12 

0 
4 
2 

5 
G 

9 

15 

Pago  

1 

12 
13 
7 

19 
14 

57 

Fairfax 

Patrick 

33 

1 
1 

0 

Pemlleton  
Pittsylvania  

Ffiyc-tte  - 

Floyd 

Frnnkliu 

Powhatan  

Frederick  

Giles 

3 
21 
35 
7 
18 
32 
5 
113 
29 

4 
1 
5 

3 

20 
22 

Prince  William  
Princess  Anne  
Pulaski 

3 
8 
3 
33 
3 
23 

10 
10 

Raleigh 

22 
11 
32 
5 

20 
38 
9 
13 
1 

3 
13 

3 
3 

Halifax  . 

41 
9 

3 
5 
44 
2 

10 
15 

11 
72 
101 
2  "3 
17 
17 
50 
52 
7 
3 

Hancock  
Hardy 

23 
CO 
10 
18 
15 
15 
10 

6 

14 
6 
1 
4 
5 
7 
2 

1 

21 
23 
CO 
14 
1 
10 
3 
4 

17 
35 
24 
5 
9 
13 
43 

4 
4 
8 
1 
3 
9 
1G 

Henry 

Ilnsscll 

Highland        

Scott 

13 
2 
2 

Isloof  Wight  

Smyth  

Jamc.s  Citv  .  .  . 

V I R  G I N I  A— W I S  C  O  N  S I N . 


219 


FAEMS    CONTAINING    TIIEEE    ACRES    AND    MOKE. 

V I  K  «  I  IV I  A— Continued. 


ACRES 

. 

A 

CUES. 

8 

8 

8 

g 

| 

0 

s' 

5S 

8 

§ 

COUNTIES. 

g. 

0 

fe 

£ 

COUNTIES. 

t. 

t- 

t. 

•r 

-o 

£ 

o 

0 

^ 

"3 

T3 

d 

a 

p 

a 

r3 

a 

a 

a 

6j 

P 

g 

•a 

V 

§ 

1 

a 

d 

a 
a 

g 

•e 

§ 

g 

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3 

§ 

C 

o 

S 

•  S 

8 

in 

- 

n 

0 

8 

8 

1 

S 

16 

29 

82 

118 

300 

46 

11 

139 

13 

85 

278 

147 

7° 

1°S 

Stafford  

3 

17 

77 

124 

213 

12 

140 

Webster  

10 

47 

10 

129 

37 

47 

126 

77 

132 

15 

5 

141 

1 

g 

GO 

81 

130 

17 

24 

43 

71 

335 

61 

11 

142 

Wetzel 

Cl 

138 

3°G 

151 

131 

Taylor     

1 

7 

57 

136 

124 

4 

1 

143 

Wood  

39 

86 

310 

223 

13'3 

132 

Tazewell  

32 

81 

230 

208 

221 

5 

3 

144 

Wirt  

48 

CD 

1(33 

41 

133 

Q 

15 

63 

43 

26 

1 

1 

145 

Wise 

51 

73 

10!) 

87 

134 

0 

11 

154 

196 

1 

146 

58 

11C 

135 

100 

202 

293 

170 

134 

5 

147 

Wvtho  

7 

3° 

65 

105 

1 

8 

21 

23 

43 

148 

York 

O-J 

01 

111 

137 

12 

43 

98 

240 

12 

o 

138 

11 

204 

340 

427 

20 

3 

Total  ..      . 

5  505 

10  584 

"1  115 

w  I  s  «:  o  >'  s  I  :v . 


ACRES 

ACRES 

COUNTIES. 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

COUNTIES. 

CJ 

u 

o 

S 

-^ 
a 

n 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

V 

o 
-a 
H 
o 

8 

1 

6 

40 

346 

213 

133 

1] 

La  Pointe  

4 

o 

o 

o 

Q 

1° 

7 

5 

0 

o 

33 

45 

122 

51° 

119 

11 

,, 

39 

367 

500 

173 

30 

n 

48 

55 

4'1 

0 

o 

4 

6 

83 

173 

53 

4 

14 

13 

178 

640 

246 

46 

46 

117 

203 

57 

]-i 

33 

123 

365 

819 

401 

77 

6 

16 

15 

80 

374 

136 

31 

I 

7 

100 

406 

566 

73 

0 

17 

o 

19 

28 

n 

R 

1 

4 

iS 

20 

13 

1R 

151 

283 

543 

135 

14 

9 

Clark 

24 

33 

31 

8 

1 

18 

329 

1  104 

353 

33 

10 

Columbia 

97 

216 

883 

778 

G15 

40 

Pepin  

3 

24 

76 

35 

.2 

1  1 

4 

21 

138 

50 

15 

41 

118 

17-1 

50 

It 

Dili  Lib* 

4-1 

Polk 

8 

26 

39 

16 

5 

lit 

0.1 

227 

1  837 

1  652 

634 

o 

2 

41 

Portage 

HI; 

207 

128 

37 

14 

91 

517 

1  302 

538 

44 

47 

115 

443 

481 

532 

o 

IS 

Door  

73 

80 

23 

3 

41 

Ricliland  

43 

375 

585 

148 

32 

1 

16 

4 

3 

G 

1 

46 

Rock 

99 

161 

955 

1  080 

867 

14 

17 

1 

9 

38 

45 

10 

47 

36 

109 

210 

89 

39 

18 

Ean  Claire... 

6 

38 

93 

41 

18 

48 

Sauk.. 

37 

326 

94'J 

509 

191 

o 

I'l 

43 

265 

1  289 

1  008 

647 

12 

1 

40 

12 

1 

1 

Grant 

27 

1   153 

436 

1 

Cij 

503 

1  880 

594 

53 

91 

GO 

139 

648 

693 

625 

3 

11 

4 

En 

150 

63 

11 

93 

35 

81 

484 

463 

246 

„ 

1« 

Wahvorth   

559 

872 

827 

5 

91 

316 

886 

423 

142 

0 

53 

23 

244 

1  779 

718 

90 

V4 

1 

58 

180 

88 

23 

"8 

172 

1  200 

952 

426 

3 

1 

37 

294 

1,179 

727 

591 

5 

2 

48 

235 

431 

118 

"fi 

12 

125 

399 

111 

26 

13 

201 

508 

57 

97 

17 

G2 

476 

413 

351 

5 

17 

116 

355 

917 

176 

W 

oo 

38(1 

642 

5 

1 

18 

Wood  

10 

0) 

17 

g 

45 

193 

459 

3(1 

19 

106 

474 

477 

328 

o 

Total 

1  983 

0  045 

9  119 

11 

*  No  returns. 


220 


T  E  11 1H  T  OKIES. 


FARMS    CONTAINING    THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE, 
IXSTKIC-T  OF  coi.tjms.fie A. 


ACRES. 


T"tiil  in  District. 


71 


42 


DAKOTA. 


Tutiil  iu  Ttrritnry. 


50 


31 


NEBRASKA. 


l  in  Territory 145  533  1,271 

JVE  VABA. 

Total  in  Territory 1  11 

IV  E  W    MEXICO. 

i 
Total  in  Territory 1,076  2,140  1,374 

I  . 

• 

UTAH. 

Total  in  Territory 531  1,368  1,298 


1G2 


12 


35 


058 


207 


11  11 


162 


70 


WASIII1VOTOIV. 


Total  in  Territory. 


215 


343 


191 


271 


RECAPITULATION  —  18GO. 


221 


FARMS    CONTAINING   THREE    ACRES    AND    MORE. 


ACRES. 

STATES. 

• 

3  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  SO. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Alnban 

1,409 

4,379 

1C,  049 

12  000 

13  433 

1,823 

6,075 

13,  723 

C  957 

4  231 

829 

1,  102 

2,344 

2,423 

0  511 

538 

863 

930 

2,081 

6,898 

8,477 

C  CGC 

39 

C3 

215 

1,220 

2  208 

2,802 

14 

Florida     —                         

430 

945 

2,  139 

1,  102 

1,432 

211 

77 

908 

2,803 

13  Oil 

14  129 

18  8-H 

2  G'J° 

903 

Illinois                                                                            

1,  896 

6,518 

38  180 

49  024 

45  532 

983 

194 

2,  533 

9,648 

49,  004 

42  070 

22  014 

°87 

74 

!)5l 

4,272 

24,139 

19,  070 

10,  521 

CO 

10 

750 

1,  916 

4,714 

2,020 

700 

7 

1 

1,772 

6,868 

25  547 

24  163 

24  005 

1  078 

1G6 

628 

2,223 

4  882 

3  004 

4  935 

1    101 

371 

1,719 

5,435 

23,  838 

19  Oil 

5  001 

<j 

3 

457 

1,210 

4,  310 

0,823 

12  OC8 

303 

11 

2  033 

4  196 

11  7C5 

10  831 

C  703 

°9 

Michi  at 

1  549 

6,008 

25  430 

19  079 

9  080 

40 

2,407 

4,  539 

8,  129 

2  273 

049 

o 

503 

2,510 

10  9C7 

9  204 

11  4U8 

1  808 

481 

Missouri                                        

2,  428 

9,110 

33,  030 

24  330 

18  497 

406 

T» 

syj 

1  835 

7  584 

1  1  338 

8  759 

New  Jerse* 

1  059 

2  3<IO 

7  138 

9  05-' 

1  198 

17 

6 

3m 

New  York                                                                

5,  232 

12,310 

54  502 

73  037 

50  132 

005 

SI 

2,050 

4,879 

20  S83 

18  490 

19  220 

1  184 

31  1 

Ohio                                              

3,453 

9,928 

52  350 

0!i  350 

40  GB9 

485 

11° 

300 

507 

1,230 

668 

2,  337 

342 

47 

4,  831 

12,  343 

45,  231 

57,  C24 

35,923 

01 

15 

281 

552 

1  740 

1  747 

1  053 

11 

.... 

353 

1,219 

6  CM 

6  980 

11  309 

1  359 

48° 

1,007 

7,  245 

22  998 

22  829 

21  !>03 

021 

136 

1,833 

0,150 

14,  132 

7,  857 

6,  831 

468 

67 

Vermont                              

321 

1,158 

6,  187 

11,702 

11,505 

92 

11 

2,  351 

19,584 

21,145 

34,  300 

2  882 

641 

1  983 

9  045 

30  722 

17  826 

9  119 

70 

n 

Total   States  

52,  042 

157,810 

012,  245 

G07,  OG8 

436,  239 

20,289 

5,  348 

TERRITORIES. 

30 

42 

57 

1 

41 

50 

31 

6 

145 

533 

1,271 

419 

103 

2 

1 

N  'vula 

1 

11 

12 

35 

5 

9 

\  -w  Mexico 

1,076 

2,  140 

1,274 

358 

207 

11 

11 

Utah                                           

531 

1,368 

1,298 

183 

70 

o 

215 

230 

343 

191 

271 

8 

1 

2,034 

4,308 

4,313 

1,210 

802 

30 

16 

54  G70 

10''  178 

610  558 

'   -.  -~- 

487  041 

20  319 

5  364 

ggr  6 

222 


RECAPITULATION  — 1850  — 1860. 


FARMS;  ACRES  OF  LAND  IN  FARMS,  (IMPROVED  AND  UNIMPROVED,)  AVERAGE  NUMBER  OF  ACRES  TO  FARMS,  (RECAPITULATION 

OF  lSoO-18GO;)  ALSO,  COUNTIES,  NUMBER  OF,  1G60. 


1 
3 
3 
4 

S 
8 

7 
8 
9 
10 

!  1 
12 
13 
14 

15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
.,.) 

23 
24 

26 
27 

2J 
•-l>> 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 

1 

2 
3 
4 
5 

6 

-. 

STATES. 

NUM11ER  OF  FARMS. 

ACRES   OF   LAND   IMPROVED 
IS   FARMS. 

ACHES  OF   LAND   UNIMPROVED 
IN   FARMS. 

1 
AVERAGE  NL'MUER  OF       Nf.MKEIl  OF 

ACRES  TO   EACH   FARM.      COUNTIES. 

1S50. 

I860. 

ISM. 

1S6O. 

1S5O. 

1SGO. 

1830. 

1SGO. 

1SGO. 

41,964 

17,  753 
873 
22,  445 
C,  003 
4,304 
51,  759 
76,  208 
03,  890 
14,  803 

53,  128 
39,  004 
18,716 
23,  180 
6,658 
6,568 
62,  003 
143,310 
131,826 
61,163 
10,400 
90,814 
17,328 
53,  698 
25,494 
35,  601 
•       C3,  422 
18,  181 
42,  840 
92,  792 
30,  501 
27,  646 
196,  990 
73,  203 
179,  839 
5,  806 
156,  357 
5,406 
33,  171 
82,368 
42,  891 
31,  556 
92,  605 
69,  270 

4,  435,  614 
781,  530 
32,  434 
1,  7B8,  178 
580,  862 
349,  049 
6,  378,  479 
5,039,515 
5,  046,  513 
824,  6S2 

0,  385,  721 
1,  983,  313 
2,  408,  034 
1,  830,  807 
637,  005 
054,  213 
8,  062,  758 
13,  096,  374 
8,  242,  183 
3,  792,  792 
"405,  4G8 
7,014,208 
2,  707,  108 
2,  701,  133 
3,  002,  SC7 
2,  153,  512 
3,  476,  296 
:  .ii.  •..',.  i 
5,  005,  755 
6,  246,  871 
2,  367,  034 
1,944,441 
14,  338,  403 
6,  517,  284 
12,  623,  394 
896,  414 
10,  403,  296 
335,  128 
4,  572,  000 
6,  795,  337 
2,  030,  7S1 
2,  823,  157 
11,4:17,821 
3,710,167 

7,  702,  067 
1,816,684 
3,861,531 
615,701 
375,  282 
1,  240,  240 
16,  442,  900 
6,  997,  867 
7,  740,  879 
1,911,382 

* 

12,  718,  821 
7,  590,  393 
0,  262,  000 
673,  457 
367,  230 
2,  200,  015 
18,  587,  732 
7,  815,  015 
8,  HO,  109 
6,277,115 
*1  372  952 

289 
140 
4,  46S 
106 
153 
371 
444 
153 
130 
185 

310 
245 
400 
E9 
151 
414 
430 
14? 
121 
103 
171 
211 
530 
103 
190 
91 
113 
149 
370 
215 
123 
108 
106 
310 
114 
355 
109 
90 
488 
251 
5U1 
135 
324 
114 

52 
55 
44 
8 
3 
37 
132 
102 
92 
89 
41 
109 
48 
16 
21 
14 
62 
64 
00 
113 
10 
21 
60 
80 
88 
19 
03 
5 
30 
84 
151 
14 
148 
53 

California 

Florida    

Illinois            

Iowa 

7-!,  777 
13,  422 
46,  760 
21,  860 
34,  069 
34,  089 
*157 
33,  960 
54,  458 
29,  229 
23,  905 
J70,  G21 
56,  963 
143,  807 
•1,164 
127,  577 
5,363 
29,  967 
72,  733 
12,193 
29,  763 
77,  013 
20,  177 

5,  968,  270 
1,  590,  025 
2,  039,  O'JG 
2,  797,  905 
2,  133,  430 
1,929,  110 
*5,  035 
3,  444,  358 
2,  938,  425 
2,  231,  488 
1,767,991 
12,  408,  964 
5,  453,  973 
9,831,493 
*132,  857 
8,623,619 
330,  487 
4,  072,  551 
5,  175,173 
643,  976 
2,  601,  409 
10,  360,  135 
1,  045,  439 

10,981,478 
3,399,018 
2,  515,  797 
1,830,445 
1  ,  222,  570 
2,  454,  780 
*23,  846 
7,  040,  061 
6,794,245 
1,  140,926 
984,  955 
6,710,120 
15,543,008 
8,  140,  000 
*299,  951 
6,  291,  728 
197,  451 
12,145,049 
13,  808,  849 
10,  852,  363 
1,521,413 
15,  792,  170 
1,  931,  159 

11,519,053 
0,591,408 
3,  023,  538 
1,  833,  304 
1,183,212 
3,551,538 
2,155,718 
10,  773,  929 
13,  737,  939 
1,  377,  591 
1,  039,  084 
6,  610,  555 
17,245,685 
7,  840,  747 
1,104,  125 
6,  548,  844 
186,  09G 
11,023,859 
13,  873,  828 
22,  693,  247 
1,451,257 
19,679,215 
4,  147,  420 

227 
372 
97 
212 
99 
129 
t!84 
309 
179 
116 
115 
113 
309 
125 
(372 
117 
103 
511 
261 
942 
139 
340 
148 

Mir  land 

North  C-irolma 

Rhode  Island                  

1,  442,  809 

2,  030,  785 

112,690,821 

100,  649,  848 

180,  038,  130 

241,943,671 

203 

199 

2,011 

TERRITORIES. 

2C7 

238 
123 
2,  789 
91 
5,086 
3,  035 
1,  330 

16,  267 

17,  474 
2,115 
118,  789 
14,  132 
149,  274 
77,219 
81,809 

11,187 

16,  789 
24  333 

103 

144 

1 

512,  425 
41,  986 
1,  265,  035 
12,  692 
284,  287 

226 

017 

275 

34 
3 
11 

20 
19 

3,  750 

926 

160,  201 
16,  333 

124,  370 
30,  516 

77 
51 

Utah  

Total   Territories 

6,  264 

13,  292 

330,  693 

400,  872 

489,  370 

2,  158,  147 

134 

197 

88 

Aggregate,  States  nud  Tor- 

1,449,073 

2,  044,  C77 

113,027,511 

103,110,720 

160,  528,  000 

244,  101,  818 

203 

194 

2,099 

Added  in  Territorial  totals  (1850)  respectively,    f  Territory. 


A  L  A  B  A  M  A . 


223 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

c: 

2  slaves. 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

i 

1 

in 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  Blavts. 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  SO. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  00. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

2CO  and  under  SCO. 

1  300  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1.000  and  over. 

Total  glavenolders. 

Total  tilavcs. 

Antnupra  

CO 
51 

151 

33 
120 
123 
250 
115 
100 
00 
61 
60 
144 
41 
84 
125 
48 
87 
73 
101 
89 
113 
39 
57 
91 
107 
i  i 
1. 
92 
63 
51 
81 
439 
188 
101 
77 
143 
217 
171 
119 
162- 
87 
63 
65 

127 
140 
32 
32 
112 
3 

56 
22 
104 
58 
12 
75 
71 
107 
81 
Cl 
76 
34 
43 
73 
19 
45 
113 
22 
49 
35 

CO 
73 
33 
29 
49 
83 
94 
133 
65 
20 
23 
74 
291 
132 
60 
54 
90 
148 
115 
56 
95 
05 
27 
05 
03 
83 
109 
20 
15 
110 
3 

31 
21 
109 

51 
20 
59 
49 
109 
57 
51 
60 
£0 
29 
60 
23 
30 
81 
18 
33 
43 
G8 

53 
33 
24 
40 
48 
65 
91 
53 
20 
29 
53 
108 
91 
41 
29 
04 
80 
111 
50 
00 
33 
30 
51 

70 
70 
9 
15 
90 
1 

33 
20 
77 
23 
10 
09 
37 
90 
47 
41 
41 
17 
24 
41 
10 
23 
97 
15 

39 
72 
36 
34 
33 
23 
41 
43 
00 
75 
38 
17 
10 
53 
149 
107 
51 
33 
09 
73 
77 
37 
00 
26 
25 
08 
0-1 
62 
47 
9 
12 
58 

25 
& 

7 
50 
40 
85 
29 
36 
40 
13 
22 
40 
11 
14 
40 
15 

31 
40 
SO 
30 
13 
23 
20 
32 
57 
73 
04 
15 
13 
51 
113 
74 
51 
33 
36 
01 
G4 
C3 
64 
39 
10 
44 
57 
50 
CD 
3 
10 
61 

1 

27 
16 
68 

9 
42 
33 
71 

30 
33 
10 
20 

38 
7 
10 
50 
10 
18 

47 
21 
22 
19 

23 
24 
42 

40 
41 
8 
14 
55 
115 
69 
39 
21 
40 
57 
Gl 
31 
49 
10 
11 
33 
43 
38 
50 
8 
9 
42 
1 

20 
8 
47 
13 

Q 

B 
23 

07 
21 
36 
22 
12 
15 
29 
G 
17 
53 
4 
15 
19 
43 
28 
22 
10 
18 
10 
30 
42 
40 
C3 
9 

47 
82 
47 
23 
13 

31 
43 
10 
41 
22 
4 
31 
41 
3D 
49 
4 
5 
30 

22 
14 
32 
21 
1 
33 
15 
43 
15 
21 

9 
9 

31 
7 
13 
33 
9 
18 
17 
43 
18 
17 
11 
9 
17 
14 
39 
- 
44 
4 
8 
44 
72 
52 
20 
10 
48 
31 
37 
14 
33 
10 
10 
33 
28 
30 
36 
3 
8 
37 
1 

17 
13 

34 
17 
5 
37 
23 
40 
10 
18 
15 
5 
10 
20 

10 
35 
2 
11 
18 
33 
15 
10 
11 
13 
15 
18 
33 
28 
22 
6 
4 
32 
49 
43 
23 
15 
34 
25 
31 
9 
35 

O 

31 
31 

27 

1 
7 
35 

75 
29 
157 

12 
87 
55 
149 
40 
92 
90 
17 
52 
64 
8 

103 
11 
39 
01 
154 
40 
33 
37 
47 
07 
47 
120 
134 
100 
23 
18 
144 
1-14 
151 
73 
31 
103 
111 
09 
29 
110 
05 
23 
123 
08 
7-1 
100 
9 
17 
115 

0 

20 
53 
21) 
o 

49 

S3 
78 
18 
50 
43 
14 
38 
35 
3 
13 
107 
5 
9 
33 
07 
30 
23 
20 
20 

73 
72 
72 
9 
16 
7:) 
67 
00 
00 

OS 
CJ 
8 
65 
18 
15 
77 
55 
47 
57 
1 
11 
80 

43 
16 

80 
27 
5 
03 
27 
71 
10 
38 
50 
7 
29 
33 
3 
9 
118 
4 
0 
4S 
106 
35 
30 
9 
29 

33 
100 
80 
69 
5 
10 
115 
54 
91 
61 
20 
03 
77 
G7 
G 
84 
32 
17 
86 
43 
C5 
01 
3 
1-1 
62 
1 

35 
8 
50 
10 

20 
6 
31 
6 
1 

17 
13 
33 
5 

11 
5 
19 

10 
o 

12 
2 

076 
289 
1,  1  13 
447 
125 
718 
067 
1,  Ct  '8 

640 

239 
3'J8 
041 
144 
314 
1,289 
ICO 
330 
519 
1,115 
489 
482 
284 
391 

Cfll 
1,088 
1,117 
941 
204 

9,007 
3,714 
16,150 
3,842 
666 
6,818 
4,  343 
11,649 
3,003 
7.C94 
7,430 
1,417 
4,882 
5,  212 
831 
1,809 
25,700 
618 
1,703 
8,  495 
23,  598 
4,433 
3,403 
2,019 
6,788 
0,737 
8,083 
19,310 
14,573 
24,  409 
1,283 
.- 
18,  17B 
11  376 

Uuldwin  

Hitrbour  

' 

Bibb  

lilount  

IJutliT  

20 
10 
40 

17 
27 
4 
16 
8 
1 
1 
67 

11 
0 
13 
1 
17 
10 
1 
9 
5 

9 

13 
2 

11 
16 

1 
1 
11 
2 
2 
5 

Choctaw  

3 

Clarke  

CoffVo  

Conecuh  

12 

7 

1 

o 
1 
1 

" 
3 

(Jovington  
Dale  .-  

Dallns  

47 

08 

43 

30       2 

2 

Do  Kulb  

Fnyt'ttt;  

j 

23 
74 
8 
10 
9 
10 
14 
24 
61 
53 
65 
4 
3 
63 
17 
70 
25 
8 
45 
39 
24 
3 
61 
10 
3 
63 
17 
18 
31 

10 
44 

13 
5 
4 
10 
13 
19 
41 
31 
31 
1 
4 
47 
9 
05 
15 
7 
30 
13 
17 

12 
33 
3 
1 
1 
10 
7 
21 
43 
25 
01 

17 
43 

0 

1 

0 

9 
11 
12 
31 
15 
43 

a 

29 
1 

7 

1 

1 
11 
5 
5 

13 
10 
41 

1 

1 

7 

-' 

Marion  

Muruhall  

45 

53 
10 

03 
19 
10 

1 
18 
5 
38 
13 
2 
42 
11 
3 

9 
4 

27 
3 
1 
14 
4 

o 

1,020 
1  785 

Mobile  

3 

2 

1,383 

C76 
391 
'      : 
1,071 

406 
1,0-11 
428 
257 
889 
770 
796 
886 
102 
179 
1,044 
14 

23,710 
8,703 
3,700 
18,206 
12,191 
8,783 
1,804 
13,638 
3,022 
1,708 
18,091 
fi,C72 
8,803 
10,  143 
519 
2.  434 
17,  797 
123 

Perry  

Piko 

Russell  

30 
3 

31 

4 

25 
1 
I 

8 

I 

Shelby  

St.  Clair  

20 
3 

14 

03 

15 
14 

SO 
3 
9 
11 

14 
1 
3 
5 

' 

Tiillnpoosa  

TusenlooBa  

1 

Walker  

57 

3 
37 

8 
34 
1 

3 

32 

o 
20 

Wilcox  

Total  

550 

5,607 

3,663 

2.803    2,329    1,980 

: 

1.729    1,411    1,237    1,036    3,7-12    2,104 

2;323 

1,253  '.     768 

791 

312    24     10   .... 

435,080 

224 


A  R  K  A  N  S  A  S  . 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVER. 


1 

2 
3 
4 
6 
6 
7 
8 
9 

11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 

43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
SO 
SI 
52 
53 
54 
55 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  .SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  f.LAVES. 

uves. 

J 

O 

o 

i 

1 

aves. 

aves. 

and  under  15. 

?, 

8 

d 

S3 

0 

70  and  under  100. 

(0  *- 

j,  I  100  and  under  200. 

5 

I 

3 

300  and  under  500. 
500  and  under  1,000. 

1  1,000  and  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

15  and  undc 
20  and  unde 

a 

8 

9 
10 

40  and  nude 

50  and  undei 

CO  CO 

- 

ct 

c:      :     ^          o 

2 

^ 

X 

10 
13 

o 

10 
C 
o 

c 

8 
21 
7 
3 
C 
1 

o 

0 

38 
CO 
38 
01 
20 
3! 
15 
77 
70 
30 
35 
10 
10 
50 
32 
73 
32 
7 
15 
73 
41 
90 
20 
42 
120 
39 
36 
43 

30 
17 
18 
C 
G 
118 
13 
61 
17 
30 
°7 
03 
G5 
85 
23 
08 
50 
14 
G 
29 
7G 
83 
18 
73 
58 
35 

33 
54 
21 
44 
19 
7 
13 
30 
41 
19 
35 
13 
7 
30 
23 
41 
19 
7 
11 
49 
15 
30 
10 
40 
C9 
28 
26 
24 
11 
14 
7 
23 
5 
2 

86 
2 

G5 
15 

19 
10 
42 
52 
54 
18 
32 
33 

19 
01 
60 
11 
40 
40 

16 
41 
7 
24 
19 
11 
14 
35 
41 
15 
17 
C 

30 
15 
33 
17 
4 
9 
39 
IS 

2 

50 
19 
19 
15 
7 
5 
5 
10 
7 

C5 
4 
4G 
9 
11 
C 
28 
35 
37 
8 

15 
G 
1 
17 
30 
45 
10 
3C 
30 

16 
33 
8 
20 
G 
G 
12 
30 
36 
7 
12 
IS 
4 
13 
17 
33 
9 
3 
6 
30 
IS 
17 
1 
29 
40 
13 
24 
9 
8 
7 
2 
15 

14 
21 
13 
24 
6 
4 
14 
23 
20 
5 
7 
13 

11 

22 
5 
19 
13 
6 

22 
24 
4 
6 
5 

c 

29 
3 
17 
C 
2 
4 
17 
18 
5 
8 
8 

1:1 
2 

9 
o 

3 
12 
22 
1 
5 
5 

26 
41 
C 
35 
9 
o 
20 
35 
57 
8 

16 

10 
39 

0 

12 
8 
2 
18 
12 
24 

0 

7 
17 
1 

21 
29 

8 

4 

260 
417 
107 
311 
133 
84 
205 
335 

4.  931 
3,701 
384 
2,  C90 
981 

3:;o 

7,5,2 
2  214 

1 

Bradle 

20 
9 
1 
18 
17 
26 
3 

12 

5 
2 

G  !         5 
1 

1 

C'llhoun 

Chicot 

1C 
o 

12 
2 

10 

9 

1 
o 

18 
o 
o 

1 

15     1G 

1    .... 

1 

CHrk 

1 

459 

3  599 

1 

110 
153 

153 
.  25 
316 
204 
393 
129 
26 
56 
447 
124 
246 
C5 
298 
563 
170 
271 
139 
82 
70 
76 
173 

802 
8.18 
2,  3-17 
87 
3,  494 
3,784 
3,497 
903 
88 
189 
5,398 
C13 
1,337 
382 
2,  535 
7,146 
973 
4,311 
494 
296 
201 

2  2°6 

y 

1 

4  i        G 

4 

1C 
12 

28 
7 
o 

7 
31 
G 
18 
3 
15 
26 
15 
16 
1C 

3 

1 

11 

18 
7 
20 
G 

10 
4 
18 
G 

14 

0 
IS 

15 

15 
1 
1 

47 
19 
43 
11 
o 

1 
48 
13 
11 
9 
39 
53 
1C 
31 
7 
5 
5 
5 
19 

32 

11 

G 

19 
]9 
20 

8 

G 
8 
12 
3 

7 
8 
3 
1 

5 
9 

4 

3 
7 
2 

1 
6 

1 

. 

3 
29 

8 
7 
1C 
22 
11 
10 
7 
4 
2 
3 
10 
1 

•o 
13 
4 
C 
2 
10 
23 
4 
7 
5 
5 
1 

2 

0 

1 
14 
5 
9 
4 
12 
12 
8 
9 
3 
3 

2 

7 

1 

37 

3 

8 
1 
1C 
34 
0 
17 
2 

1.'..... 

1C 
o 

1C 
15 
0 

e 

2 
3 
2 
4 
9 
1 

26 
5 
7 
4 
20 
21 

25 

14 

11 

9 

5       3 

1 

.... 

.... 

3 

1 

2 

d 

J-ickson 

8 
18 

3 
13 

2 
1C 

1 
8 

Jefferson 

14 

8 

Johnson             * 

15 

9 

G 

5 

Madison 

M-irion 

1 

Mississi     i 

C 
15 

4 
23 
I 

6 
6 

fi 
o 

1 
5 

4 
3 

1 

24 
11 
587 
30 
5-19 
G3 

92 
24 

4,478 
303 
8,941 
007 

1 

45 
o 

46 
6 
11 
5 
10 
27 
20 
9 
29 
13 
5 
1 
9 
32 
43 
2 
33 
29 
10 

37 
1 
30 
4 
7 
1 
15 
26 

G 
24 
11 

5 
3 

8 
21 
34 

26 
17 
13 

31 
1 
21 
o 

7 

3 
13 

16 
23 
o 

18 

11 

27 

20 
1 
10 
2 
G 

18 

1 
10 

3 

0 

52 
1 
60 

16 

31 
1 
37 
1 
10 
1 
9 
31 
12 
1 
19 
4 
2 
1 
G 
17 
51 

30 

12 

C 

4 
1 
19 

2 
2 
13 

Phillips 

17 

•' 
2 

4 
10 
21 
15 
3 
1C 
9 
4 
1 
8 
11 
22 

40 

35 

23 

10 

Piko 

4 

2 

2 

2 

1 

133 
59 
209 
371 
377 
85 
311 
109 
50 
20 
121 
357 
C07 
53 
301 
S50 
149 
1 

1,080 
172 
978 
2,839 
3,505 
359 
2,021 
743 
215 
93 
680 
3,  36fi 
C,  331 
200 

998 

Polk 

0 
11 

8 
4 
11 
4 
4 
1 
6 
11 
34 
6 

7 
15 
11 
3 
12 
4 
1 

0 

7 
19 
15 

14 
40 
43 

7 
35 

12 

1 
5 
37 
90 

2 
1C 
22 
1 

18 
3 

1 
6 

8 

1 
3 

2 

3 

Pula-ki  . 

1 

llandoliih  

9 

3 

2 

1 

Saline 

Scott 



1         1 

2 
12 
32 

1C 
9 
9 

4 

21 
40 
1 
2 
8 
5 

586 

1 

Sevier. 

6 
19 
1 
1 
2 
3 

275 

G 
12 

1 
11 

3 

10 

3 

19 
8 
7 

10 
8 
G 

11 
8 
1 

22 
20 
20 

11 
11 
4 

1 
1 

1 

Yell 

Total 

59 

2,339 

1,503 

1,070 

894 

730       569       463 

404 

369 

1,136 

G41 

157 

161 

118 

6 

.... 

1 

11,481    in.  m 

DELAWARE  — FLORIDA. 


225 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 

DELAWARE. 


COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

2  slaves. 

I 

4  slaves. 

i 

i 

i 

S 

d 

0 

d  under  15. 

d  under  20. 

d  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  TO. 
70  and  under  100. 

1 

| 

1 

II 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  blaveL 

100  and  under 

SOO  and  under 

3!)0  and  under 

500  and  under 
1.000  and  ovc 

•S 
in 

s 

to 

t 

i 

00 

•3 
o> 

3 

0 

3 

>o 

1 

Kent 

26 
35 
176 

13 
13 

88 

6 
11 
57 

9 
11 
31 

8 
6 
20 

2 
4 

13 

2 
12 

1 

66 
86 
4.')5 

203 

254 
1,311 

New  Catitle 

2 

O 

2 

8 

15 

7 

' 

Total  .  .  . 





• 

237 

114 

74 

51 

34 

19 

15 

10  '        8 

17 

8 

587 

1.798 

i 

F  I,  O  K  I  D  A  . 


1 
2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
23 
23 
94 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1 

a 

Cl 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

£ 

?; 

R 

0 

8 

0 

8 

1 

t 

\ 

T: 

Total  slaves. 

10  and  under 

15  and  under 

20  and  nndei 

30  and  undei 

40  and  undei 

50  and  under 

70  and  under 

>pnn  pun  001 

200  and  undi 

300  and  undi 

500  and  unde 
1,000  and  <.v 

45 

30 

23 

23 

17         13 
2 

8 

9 

8 

41 
1 
5 
5 

19 

25 

9 

8 

15 

3 

S 

4 

27 
49 
205 
2 
240 
237 
60 
355 
156 

4,457 
21 
524 
519 
2,063 
2 
1,987 
1,961 
520 
5,409 
1,397 
200 
564 
112 
4,903 
6,374 
577 
9,089 
450 
521 
4,249 
253 
5,314 
451 
1,612 
744 
163 
1,047 
1,371 
1,003 
• 
519 
125 
297 
1,107 
441 
474 

3 
9 
38 
2 

o 
5 
19 

1 
6 
14 

1 
4 

7 

1  i        3 
3          2 
9         12 

o 
1 
10 

o 
2 
14 

1 
7 
11 

1 
1 
5 

2 
1 
7 

4 

Clay 

2 

11 

13 

1 

3 

44 
52 

42 
24 

30 

28 

10 

13 

19 
22 
3 
35 
19 

16 
25 
6 
22 
16 

17 

17 
G 
18 
9 

16 
11 

15 

8 
7 
17 

7 

6 
11 
4 
9 
9 

4 
2 

1 
15 
5 

31 
33 

6 
40 
21 

18 
8 

31 
12 

16 

5 
43 
5 

4 
1 
3 

15 

1 

o 
o 

2 
3 

Kscanilmi  

1 

1 

16 
8 

7 
4 

9 
3 

4 

7 

Hi  rnando* 

Hill  1  iro 

38 
(i 
50 
64 
12 
52 
12 
4 

15 
9 
21 
37 
6 
47 
4 
6 
24 
5 
39 
16 
2° 
21 
4 
9 
25 
33 
8 
5 
6 
3 
10 
20 
11 

11 
3 
33 
23 
3 
39 
4 
2 
18 

21 
12 
16 
14 
2 

14 
20 
13 
3 
6 
1 
1 
13 
14 
7 

7 
5 
22 
24 
1 
27 
4 
4 
15 
2 

18 
10 
14 

13 

0 

6 
14 
20 
o 

7 
3 
6 
6 
10 
4 

9 
2 
16 
23 
3 
24 

3 
12 
1 
15 
6 
16 
3 
4 
2 
11 
6 
6 
3 
3 
2 

11 

1 
2 

6 

7 

5 

6 

12 
1 

56 
40 

7 

7 
8 
37 
1 
35 

21 
12 
1 
13 
19 

7 
10 
1 
1 
13 
5 
10 

3 

38 
34 
1 
30 
1 

20 

1 
1 
29 

26 
2 

26 
o 
3 
30 

120 
29 
357 
397 
42 
515 
46 
46 
264 
19 
345 
91 
189 
121 
31 
103 
166 
157 
72 
67 
23 
38 
116 
107 

Holmes      S 

Jaekson 

27 
21 

11 

19 

18 
12 

13 
16 
1 
14 

7 
1 
16 
1 
7 
4 
1 
6 
6 
2 

0 

1 

3 
5 
3 
2 

13 

18 

7 
11 

3 

12 

8 
1 
10 
1 

9 
2 

I  von 

28 
3 

1 
13 

24 
2 

2 
11 

23 

1 
8 
1 
10 
1 
5 
5 

4 
4 
5 
4 
4 
1 

6 
7 
1 

31 
1 

18 

17 
8 

30 
1 
1 
10 

1 

5 

3 

1 

5 

36 
23 

41 
28 
9 

34 
34 

9 
14 
5 
13 
17 
37 
5 

18 
4 
11 
6 

5 
8 
8 

4 
5 

5 
5 
5 

13 
4 
9 
2 
3 
4 
7 
9 
3 
4 
1 

0 

4 
1 
3 

38 
4 
11 
8 
1 
5 
5 
6 
8 
1 
1 

36 
3 
9 
3 
1 
5 

3 
6 
4 

17 

15 

11 

4 

3 

Vwsau 

1 

2 

1 
1 

1 

1 

New  River  

2 
1 
4 
9 
2 

2 

2 

1 

1 
1 

1 

1 
o 

1 

: 

1 

1 

Wukalla  

8  j        9 
2  !        1 
3           1 

7 

1 

1 

1 

i 

1 

2 

Total     

— 

863 

568 

437 

365 

285       270 

225  j     186 

169 

627 

349 

333 

171 

99 

116         42     45 

2 

5,152 

61,745 

29 


226 


GEORGIA. 


SL'A  YE  HOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 

M 

13 
13 
U 
IS 

16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
S3 
24 

26 
27 
29 
23 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
:  i 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
•:  • 
5 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
i  : 
64 
65 
66 
67 
i 
69 
70 
71 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

o 
> 

« 

.' 
> 

Cl 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

1  200  and  under  300. 

300  and  under  500. 

SOOand  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

23 
14 
145 
28 
37 
141 
35 
19 
44 

15 
14 
65 
22 
25 
105 
23 
8 
2C 
74 
29 
25 
9 
3S 
55 
63 
12 
24 
5 
35 
120 
30 
47 

20 
8 
67 
C 
31 
9 
74 
56 
8 
8 
44 
48 
33 
24 
20 
6 
26 
54 
26 
C 
46 
47 
29 
28 
65 
3 
14 
18 
39 
35 
53 
12 
38 
18 
7 
28 
50 
44 
61 
40 
8 
76 
45 
33 
13 
21 
15 

12 
8 
31 
19 
10 
80 
22 
5 
20 
53 
22 
19 
13 
21 
47 
!!9 
18 
19 
3 
27 
126 
20 
36 

24 
6 
50 
5 
41 
11 
63 
30 
4 
3 
32 
31 
19 
24 
13 
6 
24 
45 
13 
5 
25 
52 
20 
26 
57 
5 
8 
11 
20 
34 
10 
11 
29 
28 
9 
18 
50 
28 
45 
31 
3 
36 
32 
39 
13 
24 
31 

9 
11 
24 
14 
8 
65 
15 
5 
21 
43 
19 
17 
11 
29 
27 
30 
9 
9 
10 
32 
105 

34 

8 
11 
9 

47 

28 

48 
30 
3 
7 
36 
30 
22 
17 
21 
0 
20 
33 
13 
1 
28 
30 
18 
15 
48 
6 
7 
8 
32 
31 
33 

24 
10 
19 
40 
38 
: 
41 
3 
44 
33 
2S 
7 
17 
18 

7 
11 

7 
3 
53 
10 
9 
21 
34 
31 
11 
8 
15 
24 
26 
12 
13 
3 
17 
109 
12 
28 
18 
16 
4 
34 
o 
27 
4 
45 
19 
o 

7 
21 
13 
18 
18 
10 
4 
12 
28 
12 
3 
15 
29 
6 
13 
41 
6 
6 
6 
15 
31 
23 
8 
23 
25 
4 
17 
36 
20 
44 
25 
o 

39 
19 

27 
o 

25 
17 

9 
8 
27 
11 

o 

42 
15 
11 
18 
33 
13 
5 
7 
18 
18 
20 
11 
15 

0 

15 

1 

29 
12 
7 
7 
39 

3 

16 
10 
5 
29 
8 
6 
15 
27 
12 
6 
3 
17 
18 
18 
5 
14 
3 
19 
55 
12 
31 
15 
9 
4 
20 
1 
16 
5 
25 
16 
3 
o 

21 
16 
15 
11 
7 

6 
9 
17 
8 
6 
23 
8 
5 
5 
24 
9 
6 
3 
14 

]0 

13 
6 
7 
3 
10 
43 
13 
22 

6 
3 
24 
1 
22 
6 
33 
12 
1 
3 
14 
18 
22 
13 
6 
1 

4 
7 
13 
7 
1 
32 
16 
3 
14 
16 
16 
5 
3 
15 
9 
15 
5 
6 
o 

6 
38 
8 
21 
4 
12 
3 
15 
1 
23 
4 
24 
16 

15 
11 
14 
9 
13 

18 
20 
43 
24 
10 
90 
33 
12 
31 
89 
38 
20 
19 
33 
34 
50 
9 
23 
7 
35 
129 
19 
81 
18 
16 
6 
62 
1 
70 
7 
88 
34 
6 
6 
53 
34 
45 
29 
21 
4 
27 
52 
23 
1 
30 
78 
15 
24 
36 
3 
5 
14 
40 
62 
32 
!) 
20 
48 
o 

72 
40 
66 
70 
2 

45 

61 
55 
9 
46 
33 

7 
10 
27 
2 
1 
52 
23 
4 
13 
61 
31 
10 
12 
15 
12 
29 
o 

21 
3 
21 
67 
10 
49 
21 
5 
5 
29 

3 

17 
25 
8 
1 
36 
29 
6 
17 
65 
30 
19 
15 
15 
5 
35 
6 

2 

60 
4 
40 
11 

8 
1 
16 
1 

1 
18 
14 
1 

183 
48G 
162 
109 
793 
262 
111 
255 
720 
317 
210 
170 
278 
360 
425 
119 
234 
55 
276 
1,  205 
207 
544 
]93 
170 
74 
529 
27 
487 
75 
6'll 

745 
3,492 
4,  929 
1,086 
432 
6,790 
3,283 
2,379 
2,162 
12,  052 
3,  067 
2,  731 
4,  143 
2,  004 
1,862 
4,  283 
710 
2,758 
557 
2.054 
11,  807 
1,199 
5,660 
2,253 
1,226 
449 
3,819 
110 
8,283 
663 
7  248 

14 
3 

10 
9 

1 

4 
2 

1 
4 

Bibl> 

23 
10 
5 
8 
40 
9 
8 
10 
3 
o 

13 

1 
7 
o 

20 
1 
13 

8 
6 

1 

11 
7 
4 
1 
29 
1 
9 
6 

3 
4 

7 
7 
3 

32 
3 
9 
15 

3 

1 

1 
1 
4 

g 

1 
19 
1 
o 
o 

5 

1 

Butts            . 

63 

26 
49 
95 
70 
23 
38 
8 
46 
201 
45 
93 

1 
6 

1 

1 

Cass  

0 

3 

; 

Cliattahoochee  

7 

3 
1 

2 

: 
i 

1 
5 

o 
12 

l 

14 

1 

14 

7 

2 

Clark 

3 

4 

1 

7 
3 

3 

1 

1 

Clay  

21 
29 
17 
109 

42 

101 
51 
13 
19 
76 
55 
47 
40 
31 
12 
40 
68 
40 
17 
68 
7-1 
61 
50 
95 
6 
24 
14 
58 
55 
71 
29 
56 
43 

Clinch  

Cobb  

8 

2 

Colquitt 

24 
6 
43 

19 

29 
2 

48 
28 
3 
o 

36 
14 
33 
17 

18 
2 

16 
39 
5 
1 
13 
44 
3 
7 
18 

8 
20 
12 
51 
17 
4 
7 
45 
2 
16 
52 
25 
33 
49 
1 
33 
47 
31 
6 
32 
18 

57 
4 
52 
20 
1 

35 
13 
25 
24 
18 
o 

19 
31 
8 
1 
16 
37 
3 
3 
19 
1 
3 
6 
9 
65 
19 
4 
4 
55 

22 

21 

20 

7 

7 

21 
18 
o 

7 
8 

12 

6 
1 

1 
4 

Crawford  

369 
40 
62 
465 
303 
347 
322 
237 
49 
242 
470 
174 

4,270 
300 
326 
5,924 
2,000 
4,070 
6,  079 
4,057 
314 
2,  165 
5,711 
1  294 

Dade  

1 

30 
17 
26 
18 
14 
5 
15 
21 
9 

0 

7 
23 
7 
16 
36 
3 
3 
3 
20 
45 
17 
6 
14 
24 
4 
9 
29 
23 
27 
26 
o 

22 
36 
26 
5 
18 
8 

23 
2 

8 
18 
12 

8 
18 

1 

9 

9 

8 
1 

2 

1 

DeKalb  

Dooly  

5 
20 
13 
1 
1 
17 

14 

28 
11 

1 
11 
.5 

1 
3 
3 

1 

Early  - 

Echols  

Effingham  

14 
14 

15 
1 
1C 
30 
7 
15 
25 
o 

1 
5 
14 
23 
22 
2 
11 
14 
1 
10 
24 
10 
29 
31 
2 
24 
21 
27 
C 
10 
8 

10 
18 
5 
1 
8 
28 
8 
9 
17 

5 
6 
14 
27 
15 
5 
7 
10 
2 
9 
15 
16 
25 
22 
5 
12 
16 
18 
2 
14 
11 

8 
17 
4 
1 
8 
15 
7 
8 
15 

3 

5 
9 
37 
16 
5 
9 
10 

7 
26 
11 
13 
16 
2 

17 
11 
14 
1 
8 
8 

2 
9 

Elbert  

4 

1 

1 

Fannin  

40 

288 

143 
2,019 
5,  913 
890 
1,313 
2,955 
167 
758 
2,  KM 
2,  106 
8,398 
2,551 
787 
1,261 
8,137 
229 
1,528 
7,  736 
2,811 
4,515 
10,  755 
246 
3,329 
6,  9.">4 
6,045 
849 
5,989 
3,269 

3 

23 
3 
1 

;; 

3 
10 

2 
4 

Floyd  

5 

529 
187 
217 
478 
35 
94 
140 
297 
577 
368 
109 
246 
430 
63 
217 
575 
350 
564 
560 
44 
492 
496 
431 
84 
328 
SS7 

Forsyth  

Franklin  

2 

Fulton  

1 

o 

Gilmer  

5 
3 
5 
44 
7 
4 
1 
36 

2 

5 
1 
16 

1 
1 

18 

Glynn  

5 
3 
10 
3 
1 

6 

5 

Gordon  

Greene  

8 

3 

Gwinnett  

Hall  

11 

15 

6 

40 
53 
63 
127 
35 
13 
111 
64 
55 
12 
24 
20 

Hart  

8 
65 
21 
37 
53 
] 
22 
49 
33 
2 
32 
17  l 

3 

24 
5 
9 
46 
1 
7 
23 
12 
3 
20 
6 

3 
16 
3 
4 
25 

Harris... 

15 
o 

6 
22 

6 
1 

2 

Hcury. 

22 

5 

1 

... 

3 

17 
9 

10 
10 
o 

1 

7 
6 

5 
4 
1 

1 

13 
4 

12 
11 

6 

5 
3 

1 

Laureng  .  .  . 

GEORGIA. 


227 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

2  slaves. 

3  slaves. 

1 

5  slaves. 

12 
1 

0 

under  20. 

under  30. 

under  40. 

under  50. 

1 

under  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

200  and  under  300. 

300  nnd  under  MO. 

500  nndnnder  1,000. 

1.000  nnd  over. 

Total  slaveholder*. 

Totul  slaves. 

6  slave 

7  slave 

g 
"3 
O3 

.2 

o 

1 

L-S 

1 

S 

13 

a 
at 

•a 
o 

1 

1 

Lee  

75 
26 
26 
55 
12 
95 
63 
131 
22 
76 
7 
28 
23 
79 
18 
44 
37 
119 
102 
08 
41 
6 
12 
97 
40 
46 
50 
37 
16 
62 
178 
27 
63 
70 
73 
57 
66 
45 
40 
39 
21 
94 
48 
3 
72 
46 
12 
85 
52 
103 
53 
6 
70 
13 
52 
16 
69 
16 
62 
78 
22 

28 
26 

10 
28 
9 
38 
43 
47 
17 
53 
8 
13 
20 
67 
15 
47 
21 
93 
68 
32 
23 
3 
7 
53 
17 
40 
30 
16 
9 
41 
100 
22 
30 
53 
61 
36 
60 
30 
24 
22 
11 
42 
35 
8 
57 
30 
4 
58 
24 
67 
51 
9 
60 
9 
28 
3 
52 
4 
39 
34 
12 

21 
13 
17 
15 
7 
29 
27 
27 
11 
53 
6 
14 
14 
53 
7 
41 
13 
67 
70 
43 
18 
5 
9 
66 
17 
25 
22 
18 
6 
35 
79 
21 
24 
56 
54 
30 
56 
20 
23 
17 
11 
26 
27 
1 
60 
15 
3 
44 
28 
55 
20 
8 
43 
7 
13 

30 
9 
40 
29 
6 

20 
19 
12 
14 
2 
35 
22 
21 
9 
41 
4 
9 
13 
64 
10 
24 
10 
54 
47 
44 
9 
6 
10 
37 
16 
26 
14 
17 
4 

64 
17 
34 
34 
43 
28 
47 
16 
7 
22 
4 
23 
29 
o 

46 
14 

a 

33 

17 
50 
32 
4 
46 
6 
20 
5 
20 
5 
36 
19 
4 

16 
16 

18 
11 
7 
31 
11 
23 

10 
6 
13 
13 
2 
14 
13 
16 
8 
41 
5 
5 
3 
40 
6 
18 
7 
43 
39 
20 
7 
4 
4 
28 
10 
22 
13 
7 

20 
47 
15 
13 
40 
36 
21 
23 
17 
8 
14 
8 
10 
19 
2 

33 
8 
4 
23 
13 
42 
33 
4 
41 

0 

18 
4 
22 
3 
35 
23 
7 

16 
7 
16 
10 
3 
9 
8 
13 
8 
27 
3 
5 
5 
35 
5 
24 
10 
37 
39 
22 
4 
o 

9 
9 
11 
10 
3 
27 
14 
15 
4 
33 
4 
1 
4 
38 
9 
13 
4 
• 
40 
1C 
8 

1 

29 
9 
12 
1C 
5 
2 
19 

5 
17 
28 
21 
15 
34 
8 
10 
11 
4 
21 
20 
1 
32 
13 
1 
18 
7 
21 
16 
o 

13 

7 
4 
4 
12 

1 
11 

18 
4 

6 
10 
2 

9 
1 
17 
8 
13 
7 
23 

3 

28 
3 
15 
7 
25 
20 
26 
3 
3 
5 
21 
13 
9 
11 
7 
1 
22 
31 
7 
15 
15 
18 
13 
18 

8 
7 

0 

6 
17 

29 
7 
1 
14 
12 
22 
13 
1 
19 
1 
6 
1 
18 
1 
16 
15 
1 

27 
34 
31 
38 
3 
43 
34 
46 
16 
98 
12 
8 
21 
109 
17 
37 
12 
101 
93 
60 
10 
4 
3 
62 
28 
44 
43 
15 
o 

48 
107 
16 
39 
53 
61 
52 
93 
33 
15 
23 
7 
30 
50 
1 
110 
35 

23 
15 
28 
19 
5 
36 
9 
26 
10 
61 
3 
2 

8 
60 
5 
36 
10 
47 
37 
47 
1 
1 
1 
39 
10 

48 
14 
3 
33 
59 
11 
26 
26 
48 
28 
49 
22 
9 

6 
21 
27 
1 
77 
23 
1 

20 
39 

28 

4 
25 
11 

C2 
4 
5 
9 
88 
7 
35 
6 
44 
34 
60 

1 

16 
17 
14 

1 

5 
11 
12 
3 

12 
18 
5 
3 

5 
B 
3 

6 
5 
2 

1 

322 

4  947 

1 

1 

2S1 
248 
251 

6,083 
.3,  768 

**     li'f  ( 

j 

58 
442 

275 
432 
156 
689 
65 
1 
141 
790 
119 
424 
151 
762 
679 
526 
136 
37 
55 
553 
271 
345 
402 
1G7 
49 
434 
901 
188 
378 
488 
' 
393 
648 
271 
177 
228 
- 
350 
405 
23 
769 
297 
33 
496 
234 
584 
452 
57 
560 
63 
257 
47 
318 
57 
518 
387 
81 

432 
4,  865 
1,  992 
3,529 
4,063 
8,  718 

617 
1,589 
10,  177 
977 
7,  C0,i 
1,442 
7,  445 
6,  458 
7,514 
572 
246 
233 
4,  722 
2,  440 
4.  106 
7,  1"3 
1,  C25 
206 
4,  467 
8,389 
2,348 
4,  530 
3,819 
7,684 
4,  fi90 
8,603 
2,849 
1,  157 
2,397 
836 
2,888 
6,244 
108 
10,002 
5,318 
116 
4,888 
1,533 
4,621 
5,  37'J 
377 
6,532 
621 
2,287 
263 
1,  732 
421 
7.  'Wl 
3,  ?.S7 
632 

20 
.    7 
13 
8 
29 
1 
3 
8 
43 
o 

23 

17 
21 
30 

5 

1 
3 
6 
17 
2 

14 

3 
4 
12 
1 

4 

1 
10 
9 

6 

1 

1 

47 
4 
6 
6 
40 
13 
18 
8 
48 
47 
26 
10 

3 
37 
13 
20 
16 
6 
4 
40 
51 
15 
29 
45 
40 
22 
38 
18 
11 
15 
9 
25 
23 
1 
54 
19 
1 
31 
15 
42 
31 
8 
31 
o 

17 
3 
10 
7 
29 
25 
7 

Miller 

Milton 

Mitchell 

1 
22 

18 
1 
32 

1 
7 
10 
12 

5 
1 

1 

13 
2 

12 
5 
13 

5 

1 

1 

e 

6 
10 

2 
1 
1 

... 

Newton  

Pmilding  

1 

Pike  .... 

23 
11 
15 
6 
5 
o 

29 
43 
7 
27 
26 
24 
17 
19 
12 
10 
8 
7 
11 
13 
1 
4.-> 
9 

30 

30 
57 
10 

15 
8 
15 
26 
4 

9 
5 
8 
15 

0 

4 

2 
7 
16 

1 

Polk  

3 
•  2 
fl 

Pulaski 

2 
fl 

Randolph 

35 
51 
9 
31 
29 
61 
34 
71 
15 
10 
16 
6 
19 
33 

10 
24 
7 
8 
9 
SI 
16 
25 
10 
1 
9 

10 
26 

8 
11 
6 

2 
14 
7 
17 
6 
1 

1 
6 
9 

5 
9 
1 
8 
o 

9 
8 
11 
5 

3 
6 
2 
3 

3 

Sehley 

3  :     1 

Stewart  

5 
8 
6 
o 

5 
1 
4 

1 

Tnlbot      

Tatnall 

Tnvlor        .    . 

5           2       1 

Telfair  

Terrell 

6 
16 

10 

3 

Troiip  

73 

23 

39 
13 

13 
12 

21 
9 

4 
10 

4 

5 

Twiggs   

I 

Upson  

24 
10 
32 
13 
3 
39 
1 
16 
2 
19 

17 
18 
4 

52 
29 
59 
57 
6 
63 
5 
36 
6 
28 
3 
52 
61 
3 

39 
9 
41 
40 

45 

37 
7 
30 
53 
3 
44 
5 
13 
2 

13 
o 

59 
2° 
4 

25 

10 
18 

6 

0 

"* 

7 
1 

4 

3 

Walker  

WTalton  

5 

8 

1 

1 

Ware  

19 
1 
7 

10 
2 
4 

6 
1 
3 

9 
1 

2 

WTavne  

Webster  

20 
1 
13 
1 
43 
17 

Wliite  

Whitfleld  

2 

25 

10 

1 

1 
2 
15 
10 
2 

3 

1 
20 
5 
2 

Wilcox  

Wilkes  

10       3 
2       1 

1 

Wilkinson  

Worth  

Total      ..  . 

j 



6,713 

4,355 

3,482 

2,  984 

2,543 

2,213  ,1,839 

1,647 

1,415 

4,707 

2,823 

2,  910 

1,400       739 

729 

373    181  !  23  i     7 

[  41,084     462,  IfS 

NOTE. — KANSAS — Anderson  county — 2  slaveholders,  (1  each) — 2  slaves. 


228 


KENTUCKY. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

s 

J3 
CJ 

3  slaves. 

X 

Z 
"33 

-i" 

5  slaves. 

6  slaves. 

9 

t* 
_C3 

t- 

8  slaves. 

« 

O 
> 
_rt 

o 

13 
9 

8 
10 

11 
13 
40 
1 

5 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

200  and  under  300. 

300  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  ami  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

Adair 

98 
75 
62 
f9 
152 
80 
137 
133 
17 
102 
50 
1C 
80 
51 
73 
75 
77 
23 
66 
12 
20 
133 
147 
20 
30 
Gl 
61 
136 
1C 
21 
177 
104 
16 
109 
73 
58 
153 
07 
128 
31 
69 
30 
34 
130 
3 
138 
99 
112 
159 
85 
123 
1 
700 
83 
2 
97 
28 
52 
9 
8 
12 
27 

•10 
33 
39 
48 
94 
58 
78 
73 
13 
OS 
25 
6 
74 
43 
24 
61 
56 
10 
42 
4 
15 
112 
111 

12 
37 
41 
111 
12 
21 

83 
5 
71 
44 
21 
73 
37 
75 
16 
43 
12 
23 
67 
4 
84 
59 
111 
104 
53 
72 
2 
354 
58 

43 
17 
•il 
3 
11 
2 
13 
70 

32 
29 

28 
30 
78 
53 
51 
78 
7 
46 
20 
3 
48 
37 
18 
41 
39 
9 
30 

g 

]5 
87 
74 
4 
10 
22 
31 
82 
10 
11 
103 
50 
5 
70 
31 
14 
49 
12 
74 

40 
9 
15 
52 
1 
CO 
37 
85 
83 
19 
50 

38 
23 
31 
29 
52 
34 
50 
73 
2 
28 
28 
5 
43 
32 
21 
35 
27 
3 
16 
5 
8 
65 
53 
2 

25 
10 
61 
8 
12 
113 
30 
o 

48 
20 
10 
52 
18 
70 
9 
27 
9 
18 
51 
3 
38 

58 

26 
37 
1 

23 
22 
17 
19 
56 
38 
S8 
69 
2 
37 
10 
4 
26 
15 
8 
17 
26 
1 
13 
5 
4 
64 
50 
5 
3 
14 
16 
39 
1 

73 
24 
4 
47 
1C 
10 
37 
7 
41 
0 
24 
8 
13 
39 
3 
54 
16 
44 
54 
21 
29 

16 
21 
20 
17 
52 
30 
29 
52 
3 
37 
6 
3 
23 
26 
10 
28 
16 
1 
16 

10 
48 
39 
C 
3 
12 
17 
34 
o 

5 

81 

40 
9 
14 
31 
11 
38 
4 
18 
4 
12 
35 

14 
10 
13 
11 
34 
28 

49 
1 
30 
9 
1 
23 
9 
16 
21 
20 
1 
16 
o 

C 
48 
57 
4 
4 
8 
9 
27 
4 
6 
01 
27 
1 
29 
12 
5 
31 
11 
27 
2 
13 
6 
C 
35 

12 

11 
13 
28 
15 
15 
49 

22 
18 
22 
30 
67 
48 
19 
128 
2 
58 
10 
4 

11 
8 
13 
9 
25 
17 
8 
68 
1 
28 
3 

3 

6 
2 
8 
19 
13 
1 
33 

o 
3 
1 
3 

8 

1 

331 
272 
207 
3°0 

1,602 
1,  522 
1,  337 
1,718 
4,  078 
2,500 
1,  7-15 
6,767 
156 
3,279 
750 
190 

2,  ::4fl 

1,  -158 
770 
2,  406 
1,493 
116 
1,045 
309 
COO 
9,  951 
4,  702 
349 
258 
939 
1,413 
3;515 
*73 
507 
10,015 
2,018 
147 
3,384 
1,078 
708 
3,578 
69G 
2,845 
351 
2,372 
363 
818 
2,530 
127 
3,289 
1,  395 
5,707 
3,311 
1,249 
2,009 
7 
10  304 

Allen 

1 

1 

Ballard 

1 
3 

689 
425 
450 
838 
49 
503 
17C 
40 
421 
277 
190 
374 
320 
49 
238 
5C 
109 
979 
757 
71 
77 
211 
251 
637 
63 
107 
1  200 

Bath 

1 

10 

1 

2 

I 

18 
8 
4 
15 
16 

21 
10 

20 
2 

3 

1 

18 
5 
4 
11 
10 

37 
24 
10 
29 

28 

1 

15 
9 
5 
14 
5 

10 
6 

2 
1 

1 

C  aid  well 

16 
6 

2 

2 

1 

9 
3 
6 
36 
30 

1 
1 

5 
28 
27 
3 
2 

6 
9 
19 
3 
7 
54 
10 
1 
1C 

18 
7 
20 
6 
15 
1 
3 
17 
2 
28 
9 
19 
15 
8 
8 

C 
12 
124 
94 
5 
3 
11 
24 
57 
5 
10 
175 
38 
1 
56 
12 
9 
65 
8 
45 

39 
3 
12 
37 
2 
51 
21 
85 
59 
17 
30 

5 
1 
6 
90 
51 
1 
1 
3 
13 
15 

2 

1 

1 
84 
20 
1 

1 

Christian 

33 
o 

14 

1 

B 

1 

5 

Clark 

Clay 

o 
6 
9 

28 

4 
10 
16 
o 

1 
3 

Cumber'-md 

D-ivieus 

3 

2 

1 

FduiomlBcm 

C 

57 
20 

1 

84 

Q 

2 
27 
7 
3 
30 
2 
17 
1 
15 

74 
3 

12 
1 

6 

6 

513 
39 
556 
242 
162 
591 
187 
566 
93 
339 
88 
148 
507 
19 
586 
322 
712 
676 
283 
433 
4 

Floyd 

18 
9 
8 
24 
5 
20 
4 
13 
3 
4 
22 

15 
5 
3 

o 

9 

5 
1 

1 
1 

1 

2 

3 

8 

On  -on 

Creeuo 

13 

3 

5 

3 

2 

Greenu 

k 

3 

13 

5 
6 

Hardta 

1 

2 

Il-irlin 

j 

HorrTo 

38 
14 
43 
33 
16 
22 

28 
14 
20 
42 
14 
30 

23 
8 
28 
21 
15 
13 

26 
10 
38 
27 
7 
11 

11 
6 
35 
5 
3 
7 

C 

1 

Hart 

16 

o 

4 

4 

o 

2 

Henry 

2 

248 
47 
3 
28 
12 
22 
4 
5 
4 
7 
41 

208 
30 
3 
11 
11 
15 
5 
1 
] 
7 
48 

158 
37 

122 
34 

80 
26 

74 
25 

C7 
Si. 

140 

70 

45 
27 

50          8 
17         13 

o 
3 

1 

Jessamine 

492 
11 
214 
106 
205 
35 
38 
29 
71 
496 

3,  698 
27 
507 
489 
900 
186 
146 
108 
230 
3,  430 

Johnson 

Kenton 

11 
7 
21 
1 

3 
3 

26 

4 
3 
10 
5 
5 

8 
8 

a 

4 
10 
6 
1 

1 
5 

7 

6 
5 
18 
3 
4 

1 

Knox 

4 
5 
1 

1 

Laurel 

1 

Lawrence 

2 
o 

18 

3 
70 

1 
1 
2(i 

I  (  win 

4 
37 

5 
30 

23 

•_".>  '        7 

K  E  N  T  U  C  K  Y. 


229 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
106 
107 
108 
109 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

2  slaves. 

V 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

13 

t 

1 
t- 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

S 

8 

8 

0 

S5 

i- 

8 

§ 

200  and  under  300. 

300  nnd  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

b 
O 

a 

Totul  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

10  and  untie 

15  and  unde 

20  and  unde 

30  and  unde 

40  and  nude 

50  nnd  mule 

70  and  unde 

100  and  unil 

75 
267 

.Ml 

99 

103 
169 
3 
140 
57 
194 
100 
135 
40 
57 
89 
19 
80 
274 
91 
73 
65 
107 
10 
46 
15 
9 
10 
77 
28 

33 
285 
202 
115 
82 
81 
79 
107 
55 
89 
181 
78 
50 
62 
18 
81 

38 
126 

24 
67 
43 

100 
2 
80 
22 

' 
GO 

Mi 

27 
29 
G3 
9 
62 
122 
56 
49 
43 
65 
3 
25 
2 

3 

4 
41 
19 
6 
19 
110 
123 
61 
59 
33 
52 
52 
26 

75 
50 
30 
39 
15 
GO 

24 
110 
20 
37 
27 
91 
1 
67 
13 
62 
30 

18 
23 
41 
G 
30 
101 
48 
4(1 
35 
34 

8 
5 
8 
5 
38 
11 
3 
12 
75 
86 
35 
33 
35 
45 
50 
19 
55 
71 
44 
25 
28 
6 
G9 

23 
76 
17 
25 
19 
68 

20 
82 

31 
21 
63 

3 
45 
8 
55 
30 
47 
18 
12 
24 
6 
25 
Cl 
29 
23 
26 
34 

10 
1 
2 

1 
23 
5 

12 
53 
76 
29 
53 
11 
30 
22 

32 
53 
24 
22 
24 
5 
44 

11 

48 
11 
23 
17 
50 
3 
40 
4 
37 
25 

13 
10 
31 

20 
56 

19 
17 
27 
27 

4 

iii 

49 
6 
16 
10 
39 

7 
51 
5 
19 
7 
41 

37 
5 

" 
4 
29 

13 
110 
16 

26 
8 
102 

7 
59 
5 
5 
o 

61 

6 
31 
6 
3 
2 
43 
1 

2 
6 
2 
4 

251 
1,056 
178 
368 
263 
877 
13 
605 
123 
727 
371 
574 
171 
191 
455 
51 
327 
977 
3G5 
290 
364 
376 
27 
121 
28 
28 
31 
280 
02 
32 
128 
943 
1,039 
427 
'    - 
273 
525 
478 
182 
485 
792 
420 
205 
244 
54 
637 

1,222 
6,356 
1,094 
1,738 
888 
6,034 
71 
3,479 
351 
3,772 
1,932 
3,274 
781 
922 
2,752 
170 
:.  .  ', 
5,  530 
1,614 
1,  292 
2,431 
1,660 
112 
424 
73 
97 
125 
1,330 
357 
142 
559 
5,744 
6,634 
2,307 
2,205 
1,597 
4,849 
3,448 
831 
3,105 
5,318 
2,822 
987 
1,083 
183 
5,  829 

3 
1 

1 

1 

1 

13 

1 

1 

51 
6 
71 
31 
54 
18 
23 
34 
3 
29 

7;) 

35 
117 
25 
27 
4 
8 
o 

3 
1 
23 
6 
1 
18 
67 
86 
36 
31 
17 
30 
41 
17 
51 
75 
29 
16 
3!) 
4 
28 

20 
1 
41 
20 
27 
8 
G 
30 
3 
16 
51 
J9 
14 
24 
21 

5 

1 

19 

29 
11 

8 
3 

29 

22 
4 

5 

20 
5 
G 
25 
1 
14 
24 
13 
4 

7 
1 
3 
1 

62 
6 

79 
29 
55 
10 
13 
50 
1 
28 
100 

oo 
00 
22 
2 
5 
1 

27 

18 

5 

Marshall 



21 
17 
28 
4 
1 
2-' 

11 
6 
15 
2 
6 

8 

] 

3 

3 

5 

1 

1 

1 

M  Tcor 

2 

1 

1 

1 

MulnVnbur 

11 

39 

11 
1C 
19 

1 
5 

G 
39 

8 
5 
17 
9 
1 
1 

4 
25 
4 
5 
10 
3 

2 

7 

3 

2 

3 
1 

1 

| 

1 

5 
17 
5 

0 

7 
48 
74 
26 
23 
11 
29 
29 
8 
29 
50 
29 
14 
10 
3 
36 

1 

1 
o 

1 

3 

Pulaski 

15 
4 

4 

42 
65 
25 
23 
14 
26 
27 
8 
28 
42 
22 
11 
11 

7 
3 
3 
G 
35 
61 
13 
15 
10 
37 
20 
11 
18 
43 

4 
16 

5 

o 

5 

30 
42 
18 
16 
8 
20 
14 
6 
19 
30 
17 
9 
6 

18 
9 
2 
8 
93 
129 
41 
40 
28 
68 
59 
15 
45 
95 
50 
16 
11 
1 

8 

6 

2 

Kock  Castle  

1 

Hussell  

59 
56 
17 
12 
11 
44 
23 
4 
23 
27 
21 
3 
3 

I 

33 
26 

8 
11 
9 
41 
2G 

9 
10 
2 

3 
3 

i 

.Shelby  . 

i 

5 

12 
7 

Todd.   . 

8 

3 

1 

I 

1 

15 
38 
17 
3 
5 

1 
9 

5 
2 

3 

1 
1 

1 

1 

Webster 

Wliitley 

1 

35 

>2 

31 

102 

32 

42 

15 

6 

3 

I 



9,306 

5,430    4,009 

3,281 

2,694 

2,293    1,951    1,582  '•  1,273 

3,691 

1,580 

1,093 

296 

96 

51 

12 

6 

1 

38,645 

225,  463 

230 


LOUISIANA. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
10 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 

PARISHES. 

NUMBER  OP  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

2  slaves. 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

2    1    8 

$ 

d 

8 

o 
t— 

8 

| 

E 

Total  slaves. 

10  and  under 

15  and  under 

20  and  under 

30  and  undci 

40  and  undei 

50  and  under 

70  and  undci 

100  and  undc 

200  and  undc 

300  and  undc 

SOOundunde 

1,000  and  ov 

Total  slaveh' 

Ascension  
Assumption  

51 
93 
85 
105 
31 

26 
4fi 
55 
83 

18 

28 
43 
41 
52 

15 

16 
32 
45 
50 
9 

22 

36 
41 

12 

18 
26 
32 
33 
11 

19 
20 
19 
22 
5 

6 
20 
22 
24 
9 

8 
18 
14 
15 
4 

25 
31 
68 
62 
23 

a 

24 
41 
55 
14 

10 
20 
39 

44 
9 

4 
11 
24 
23 
5 

5 
11 
12 

5 

4 

14 
5 
8 
9 

8 
15 
6 
13 
13 

10 
14 

9 
8 
14 

1 

1 
1 
1 

1 

0 

277 
478 
554 
631 
207 

7,  376 
8,096 
7,  185 
8,  570 
5,340 
5,  000 
8,  000 
7,  338 
1,  171 

13,  908 
6,113 
7,  8-18 
12,  542 
8,  ,r,07 
10,  593 
9,  571 
3,  402 
10,680 
4,  (198 
5,  120 
4,403 
6,  395 
1,311 
12,  477 
6,509 
9,431 
14,484 
2,840 
5,  385 
12,  903 
15,  358 
1,713 
2,240 
4,182 
3,711 
8,  090 
4,594 
11,  436 
7,358 
13,  057 
1,841 
14,  592 
6,785 
3,  745 
1,316 
1,690 
1,354 

Baton  Rouge,  East 
Baton  Rouge,  West 

... 

36 
51 
39 
43 
87 

122 
19 
70 
50 
29 
37 
49 
57 
53 
102 
101 
27 
18 
52 
78 
1,435 
20 
54 
88 
90 
47 
20 
18 
51 
CC 
53 
179 
99 
36 
24 
15 

78 
40 
50 
70 

34 
42 
18 
22 
47 
31 
81 
12 
48 
37 

28 
37 
44 
49 
53 
61 
21 
18 
55 
67 
821 
16 
26 
42 
61 
20 
16 
10 
35 
40 
49 
85 
57 
38 
22 
)5 

55 
24 
22 
29 

39 
39 
21 
17 
42 
26 
59 
11 
41 
38 
16 
22 
37 
39 
32 
44 
42 
11 
19 
40 
54 
609 
9 
18 
38 
38 
18 
10 
10 
20 
51 
36 
83 
53 
23 
16 
14 
29 
39 
13 
20 
20 

27 
33 
12 
13 
31 
26 
50 
9 
36 
31 
10 
22 
33 
33 
25 
28 
46 

8 
24 
48 
369 
13 
10 
34 
23 
17 
7 
8 
23 
38 
31 
58 
51 
27 
14 
7 
17 
31 
10 
19 
14 

23 
22 
13 
5 
43 

51 
6 
24 
40 
19 
26 
22 
27 
18 
32 
43 
19 
10 
20 
32 
253 
9 

39 
20 
15 
6 
7 
23 
43 
29 
52 
27 
22 
11 
15 
8 
22 
16 
6 
15 

24 

15 
11 
24 
15 
38 
6 
29 
33 
12 
17 
26 
24 
20 
31 
21 
9 
13 
18 
32 
203 
12 
7 
32 
11 
13 
6 
8 
10 
28 
18 
58 
25 
17 
7 
5 
9 
23 
15 
16 
11 

10 
17 

7 

10 
15 
36 
8 
20 
22 
15 

in 

20 
15 
IS 
30 
20 
)3 
8 
16 
20 
128 
6 
11 
24 
25 
16 
4 
6 
16 
23 
12 
47 
24 
11 
8 
10 
11 
12 
13 
11 
9 

16 

15 
9 
7 

n 

38 
5 
19 
27 
10 
10 
9 
14 
12 
23 
18 
10 
11 
20 
17 
86 
10 
10 
26 
23 
4 
4 
8 
12 
18 
13 
42 
23 

<; 

3 

9 
16 
11 
12 
8 

11 
oo 

6 
10 
15 
11 
31 
4 
11 
10 
6 
15 
20 

7 
18 
7 
6 
4 
19 

57 
6 
5 
25 
16 
3 
4 
3 
9 
•10 
12 
34 
24 
9 
7 
3 
2 
22 

8 
4 

41 
70 
20 
23 
57 
30 
121 

85 
OS 
27 

40 
53 
20 
51 
34 
19 
34 
52 
61 
134 
16 
26 
64 
35 
23 
9 
10 
53 
39 
34 
120 
87 
53 

15 
13 
5** 
19 
26 
12 

37 
44 
9 
6 
35 
21 
51 
18 
45 
49 
24 
23 
32 
26 
8 
29 
7 
7 
18 
39 
39 
40 
12 
9 

30 
14 
-5 
9 
25 
27 
15 
55 
40 
29 
9 
19 
6 
2B 
3 
12 
8 

50 
41 
5 
8 
60 
19 
60 
10 
54 
55 
25 
14 
23 
24 
12 
22 
13 
6 
32 
53 
67 
16 
22 
6 
53 
24 
14 
6 
7 
27 
23 
13 
51 
44 
39 
8 
47 
11 
32 
9 
6 
o 

23 
30 
1 
5 
29 
16 
28 
14 
33 
42 
11 
14 
13 
8 
5 
14 
13 
1 

20 
20 
6 
10 
3 
33 
28 
3 
6 
3 
12 
10 
11 
37 
14 
14 
3 
28 
9 
14 
5 
4 
3 

13 

7 
1 
3 
10 
17 
13 
11 
13 
20 
8 
4 
6 
4 
3 

3 

23 
16 
13 
3 
8 
6 
20 
9 
1 
3 

21 
14 
1 
5 
35 
10 

21 
25 
28 
16 
2 
20 
5 
12 
5 
12 

14 
14 

8 
4 

427 
49il 
177 
188 
598 
327 
791 
250 
575 
577 
298 
309 
442 
405 
309 
492 
471 
166 
329 
406 
621 
4,  169 
181 
231 
634 
524 
211 
120 
138 
337 
•169 
353 
963 
605 
432 
169 
330 
248 
430 
184 
210 
209 

CTldo 

Culeasieu 

L'aldwell 

1 
17 
20 
2 
26 
4 
11 
16 
4 
28 
2 
2 
3 
9 
2 

o 
27 
6 

Carroll 

1 

3 

Clalborno 

Concordla 

41 
4 
10 
21 
1 
25 
o 

9 
2 

12 

6 

Felieiana,  East  .  .  . 
Felieiana,  West  

2 

2 

1 

Iberville 

1 

1 

3 

1 

2 

Livingston  

29 
13 
17 
3 
8 
7 
23 
25 
3 
4 
4 
6 
11 
.11 
24 
7 
23 
7 
39 
13 
2 
1 

28 
7 
10 
4 
4 
6 
19 
21 

27 
2 
9 
o 

5 

Norehouso 

Natchitoches  

1 

Ouichita 

Plaqiiemines  

14 
16 
30 

3 
3 

8 

1 

4 

1 

5 
11 

5 
15 
1 

1 

8 
10 
5 
20 
10 
13 
1 
S3 
5 
3 

10 
8 
15 
8 
31 
2 
35 
11 
1 

19 
5 

5 
26 
1 
33 
16 

3 

St.  John  the  Baptist 

1 
1 

; 

St.  Martin's  

2 



St.  Tammany  .... 

•\ 

0 

2 

Terre  Bonno  

Vermillion 

Washington  
Wiun 

o 

1 

! 

3 

1 

Total  

4,092    2,573 

2,034 

1,536 

1,310 

1,103      858 

771        609 

2.065 

1 
1,157  j  1,241 

695 

413 

560 

469 

460 

03 

20 

4 

22,  033 

331,  726 

*  Let  limited. 


MARYLAND. 


231 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 

3 
4 

5 
6 
7 

8 

g 

10 

it 

12 
13 
14 
15 

10 
17 
18 
10 
20 
21 
22 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OP  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVKS. 

1  slave. 

2  slaves. 

j 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

under  30. 

under  40. 

under  50. 

O 

(' 

u 

1 

under  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

200  and  under  3OO. 

300  and  under  500. 
500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

t» 
n 

4  slave 

5  slave 

6  slave 

S 

S 

CD 

-a 

8 

30  and 

•3 

o 
••r 

•O 

1 

*d 

S 

7G 
139 
866 
255 
143 
Kl 
75 
58 
77 
193 
S57 
203 
105 
208 
173 
145 
104 
149 
121 
119 
143 
388 

34 

04 
218 
129 
40 
25 
35 
27 
08 
138 
144 
109 
56 
119 
107 
70 
73 
70 
99 

C7 
157 

13 
61 
108 
91 

' 
27 
21 

49 
79 
93 
93 
34 
57 
55 
54 
01 
04 
77 
43 
47 
87 

1,279 

18 
03 
48 
55 
:  • 
12 
18 
20 
59 
54 
62 
75 
21 
40 
41 
40 
41 
01 
8G 
48 
31 
77 

1,023 

12 

on 
53 
33 
13 
17 
10 
48 
43 
58 
51 
28 
31 
52 
32 
54 
50 
49 
29 
29 
40 

9 
43 
13 
35 

10 
10 
7 
CO 
42 
39 
SO 
14 
31 
41 
32 
37 
42 
62 
30 
20 
33 

5 
27 
9 
23 
19 
9 
8 
0 
54 
34 
25 

22 
28 
41 
31 
23 
35 
33 
22 
13 
28 

3 

22 

17 
27 
9 
9 
: 
35 

20 

22 
13 
32 

27 
30 
45 
15 
12 
27 

4 
33 
4 

18 
13 
4 

e 

3 
29 
28 
18 
7 
25 
21 
35 
30 

24 

18 
14 

8 
111 
3 
51 
51 
10 
7 
12 
127 
69 
CO 
29 
54 
27 
88 
97 
7'"* 

75 
49 
]6 
42 

o 
03 
1 
13 
33 
1 

i 

55 
1 
7 
37 
1 

606 
7,332 
2,218 
3,189 
4,609 
739 
783 
950 
9,653 
4,123 
3,  243 
1,800 
2,862 
2,503 
5,421 
12,  479 
4,174 
6,5-19 
5,089 
3,735 
1,435 
3,648 

Anno  Armulel  
llultimore  City  
Hitltimoro  county*. 

21 

5 

4 

I 

3 

801 
1,296 
750 

190 
208 
172 
817 
754 
794 
057 
470 
611 
770 
847 
573 
761 
747 
506 
398 
934 

4 

1C 

2 

5 

6 

1 

1 

1 

Cecil 

2 

70 

23 
5 
4 
11 
10 
32 
90 
25 
40 
23 
23 
o 

14 

o 
29 
4 
2 

1 

2 
2 
9 
43 
12 
18 
7 
3 

85 
20 
10 
10 
14 
18 
47 
73 
24 
50 
37 
2° 
4 
17 

15 
1 

1 
2 

10 

1 

5 

1 

3 

1 

1 

3 

30 

1 
11 

4 
2 

4 
27 
3 
7 
1 
5 

1 

Prince  George's  

13 

7 
1 

1 

1 

Washington  

4 

1 

1 



1 





4,119 

1,952 

815 

C66 

523 

446 

380 

1,173 

545 

487 

179 

81 

75 

24 

13,783 

87,189 

*  Exclusive  of  city. 


232 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 

o 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
30 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
SO 
21 
S2 
S3 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
46 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 

:,; 
.. 

6J 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OP  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

2  slaves. 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

irf 

8' 

o 

CO 

0 

8 

o 
fr™ 

8 

1 

1 

. 

I—  T 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

10  and  unde 

15  and  undo 

20  and  undc 

30  and  unde 

40  aud  unde 

50  aud  unde 

70  and  undc 

ptmpuuooi  |  8  "* 

200  and  und 

300  and  und 

500  and  unde 

1,000  and  ov 

86 
64 
138 
14 
98 
119 
83 
146 
30 
78 
34 
106 
54 
128 
58 
22 

69 
04 
97 
8 
72 
103 
Cl 
69 
33 
40 
14 
87 
24 
88 
33 
10 

49 

50 
11 
38 
CO 
C7 
C7 
27 
31 
8 
64 
22 
79 
24 
12 

59 
51 
46 
11 
23 
65 
53 
43 
21 
26 
9 
57 
8 
78 
20 
7 

45 
43 
38 
11 
24 
52 
42 
44 
18 
32 
12 
50 
11 
67 
27 
5 

52 
30 
35 
5 
20 
59 
35 
44 
15 
23 
C 
38 
11 
55 
12 
3 

29 
26 
30 
5 
21 
42 
24 
23 
16 
17 
9 
27 
5 
49 
16 
5 

21 
21 
21 
16 
19 
49 
29 
21 
13 
14 
10 
39 
5 
46 
14 

17 

21 
18 

10 
35 
21 
20 
C 
10 
7 
22 
5 
46 
14 
3 

62 
95 
72 
34 
29 
104 
89 
57 
31 
50 
27 
84 
19 
130 
45 
15 

29 
51 

40 
21 
C 
63 
59 
38 
33 
38 
15 
56 
21 
104 
24 
7 

42 
46 
28 
45 
4 
85 
63 
34 
38 
28 
22 
53 
15 
98 
27 
o 

24 

12 
39 
3 

52 

4 
26 
22 
11 
18 
3 
53 
18 

20 
16 
2 

32 

2 
19 
25 
4 
23 
7 
13 
14 

28 
14 

18 

28 
7 
3 
12 

3 

3 

C88 
628 
C37 
297 
371 
963 
702 
616 
424 
430 
239 
737 
204 
1,089 
354 
93 

14,  292 
7,  900 
5,015 
9,  078 
1,823 
13,  808 
9,087 
4,197 
12,  296 
5,070 
5,085 
7,965 
1,563 
13,  987 
4,  752 
705 
857 
1,  015 
22,363 
11,  975 
7,244 
3,528 
1,087 
4,  549 
12,  3S6 
407 
5,  741 
7,129 
5,088 
3,696 
3,  036 
16,  730 
18,  118 
2,185 
17,  439 
12,  729 
2,212 
3,  379 
15,  496 
7,631 
8,557 
738 
4,935 
7,596 
7,103 
2,959 
2,324 
2,  195 
3,917 
5,  054 
6,331 
4,981 
3,483 
13,  763 
14,  467 
1,  947 
13,  132 
4,223 
9,531 
16,716 

Attain  

12 

1 

Carroll  

30 
19 

15 
10 
2 

8 
1 

1 

32 
6 
13 

11 

35 
4 
15 
10 
1 

19 
4 
4 

1 

3 

Clark  

Do  Soto  

29 
7 

21 
7 
1 

18 
5 
1 

4 
3 

42 
182 
78 
3 

20 
120 
83 

19 

95 
47 
2 
58 
18 
51 
30 
12 
50 
63 
59 
52 
58 
84 
62 
19 
88 
G2 
30 
34 
44 
44 
44 
7 
60 
77 
C4 
36 
30 
19 

10 
96 
46 
1 
53 
11 
31 
14 
11 
33 
66 

33 
52 

65 
54 
17 
C8 
49 
35 
35 
47 
40 
46 
2 

46 
71 
51 
21 
19 
29 

15 
76 
51 

29 
11 
33 
19 

7 
41 
59 
37 

35 
46 
46 
11 
73 
45 
25 
29 
30 
30 
23 
5 
30 
51 
39 
25 
15 
22 

9 

4C 
4 
23 
9 
29 
12 
3 
35 
36 
31 
24 
32 
43 
34 
18 
59 
42 

24 
32 

35 
7 
30 
45 
37 
33 
14 
19 

•  7 
49 
41 
3 
23 
5 
23 
16 
4 
27 
36 
20 
13 
22 
36 
32 
12 
50 
47 
16 
19 
43 
25 
34 
6 
30 
44 
32 
14 
11 
16 

Q 

46 
31 

0 

21 
6 
20 

15 
2 

19 
21 
19 
21 
14 
33 
31 
6 
51 
31 
9 
22 
21 
21 
24 
11 
19 
44 
32 
12 
10 
15 

5 
44 
29 

14 
163 
103 
10 
48 
11 
56 
40 
4 
62 
75 
70 
58 
39 
112 
98 
28 
1C5 
80 
36 
50 
83 
GO 
80 
6 
79 
87 
90 
34 
24 
38 

11 
102 
57 
7 
25 
6 

30 
1 
33 
42 
31 
33 
21 
71 
73 
12 
102 
39 
18 
19 
70 
48 
47 
9 
31 
55 
51 
23 
19 
18 

4 
152 
78 
13 
26 
8 
29 
49 

34 
43 
34 
21 
14 
75 
99 
10 
132 
59 
10 
16 
CO 
55 
70 
6 
23 
54 
50 
25 
16 
12 

2 

78 
46 
10 
4 
4 
16 
30 

1 

161 
1,421 
80S 
115 
518 
146 
503 
425 
116 
552 
714 
577 
450 
470 
1,  006 
9G3 
210 
1,295 
810 
374 
413 
748 
549 
G29 
95 
587 
851 
684 
3G8 
274 
331 

Hinds  .  . 

46 
22 
14 
4 
3 
10 
14 

54 
28 
13 
4 

26 
13 
10 

14 
7 
17 

1 

2 

1 

1 

.... 

119 
29 
98 
27 
46 
89 
111 
126 
77 
90 
145 
139 
31 
176 
116 
99 
91 
69 
77 
76 
18 
117 
149 
97 
64 
46 
88 

05 
21 
61 
24 
21 
59 
93 
67 
51 
G3 
97 
75 

124 
89 
54 
43 
52 
39 
54 
11 
72 
94 
67 
46 
43 
41 

16 
4 
15 
11 
3 
30 
19 
20 

20 
40 
28 
6 
51 
21 
11 
1C 

26 
22 
5 
°0 
35 
25 
21 
14 
8 

5 
32 

3 

39 

16 

1 

18 
20 
16 
6 
2 

40 
48 
7 
60 
39 
3 
3 
37 
21 
89 
.0 

15 
16 
27 
11 
7 
4 

7 
9 
4 
4 
5 
43 
43 
3 
38 
SG 
3 
3 
42 

11 

so 

10 
10 
7 
5 
3 
32 
53 
5 
33 
28 

3 
6 
3 
1 

2 
5 
1 

32 
32 
1 
18 
24 

10 
18 
1 
6 

2 

Marshall 

1 
1 

5 

43 
13 
13 

3 
34 
10 

8 

1 
14 
5 
4 

Oktibbcha  

Pike  .  . 

4 
17 
7 
2 
2 

2 

12 
1 
3 

1 

3 

8 

1 

Scott 

1 
1 

Tallabatcbie 

5C 
201 
146 
18 
142 

34 
110 
100 
11 
90 

33 
70 

71 

e 

CO 

17 
71 
59 
4 
54 

23 
51 
48 
5 
35 

13 

37 
46 
4 
39 

10 
31 
34 
2 
30 

13 

28 
30 
5 

25 

13 

24 
16 
1 

27 

30 

84 
68 

85 

31 
40 
36 
7 
38 

43 
45 
31 
22 
Cl 

10 
17 
15 
5 
29 

10 
8 
3 
9 

2G 

10 
8 
2 
13 
42 

11 
1 
3 
6 
22 

1 

360 

82C 
707 
132 
821 

Tippah  

3 

14 

1 

1 

1 

8 
50 

80 
110 
70 

6 
30 
63 

50 
58 

9 
30 
40 
63 

40 

6 

28 
40 
55 
32 

9 
33 

43 

28 

7 
18 
20 
36 
31 

4 
16 
14 
36 

26 

1 
17 
14 
25 
22 

4 
14 
13 

13 

22 

8 
54 
61 
82 
96 

7 
37 
38 
53 
35 

10 
46 
22 
65 
68 

3 

25 
11 
38 
34 

3 
13 

7 
19 
38 

4 
31 
3 
22 
39 

1 

26 
4 
7 
34 

f 

92 
499 
460 
721 
699 

18 
1 
4 
22 

7 

4 

Total  

8 

1 

4,856 

3,201 

2,503 

2,129 

1,809 

1,585 

1,303 

1,149 

1,024 

3,432 

2,057 

2,322 

1,143 

735 

814 

545 

279 

28 

30,  943 

436,  C31 

*  No  returns. 


MISSOURI. 


233 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 
a 

3 
4 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
IS 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
£1 

! 

m 
26 

27 

28 
29 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
43 
43 
44 
45 
40 
47 
48 
49 
SO 
SI 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
<;  i 

Cl 
G3 
63  ' 

COUNTIES. 

KUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

00 

1 
ct 

3  Blavea. 

4  slaves. 

•1 

V 

S 

t 

rf 

t 

vi 

?, 

8 

0 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

i 

i  i 

1 

Total  slaveholder*. 

Total  slaves. 

10  and  under 

15  and  under 

20  and  under 

30  and  under 

40  and  under 

100  and  nndi 

200  and  uiuli 

1  300  and  nnd< 

500  and  nude 

AO  puu  OOO'I  | 

el 

in 

1 

CO 

2. 

"oo 

t~ 

i 

00 

£ 

*M 
0 

Ailulr 

10 
80 
17 

ioe 

15 
G 
40 
2G 
17 
212 
130 
2 
28 
197 

74 
7** 
113 

33 
90 
21 
45 
141 
81 
40 
195 
15 
3li 
14 
39 
17 
9 

4 
31 
0 
GO 
G 
o 

Ifi 
19 
7 
110 
85 
4 
10 
128 
10 
43 
48 
47 
3 
9 
02 
14 
17 
97 
37 
24 
111 
13 
19 
12 
22 
14 
14 

5 

29 

49 
9 
1 
11 
10 
G 
89 
54 
1 
9 
92 
9 
38 
30 
35 
o 

8 
38 
7 
13 
67 
47 
21 
87 
6 
-•. 

1 

8 
7 

2 
17 
2 
21 
8 
o 

8 
20 
4 
97 
49 
4 
9 
60 
5 

23 
33 

2 

18 
2 
10 

18 
o 

21 
5 

3 
9 

1 

7 

33 

240 
29 
327 

,M 

11 

112 
1C3 
53 
883 
4C8 
13 
72 
653 
CC 
302 
262 
307 
8 
72 
410 
GO 
122 
G52 
283 
1G9 
732 
52 
11,7 
40 
11G 
52 
43 

60 

eso 

59 
l.lCfi 

21 
442 
509 
245 
5.C34 
2,011 
52 
222 
4,  r,S3 
200 
1,533 
1.CC3 
1,010 
20 
211 
2,839 
22!) 
453 
3,  4.13 
1,  144 

rs7 

3,800 
182 
340 
114 
338 
137 
13G 

5 

IS 

2 

Atehiion 

16 
1 

15 
2 

8 
2 

10 
4 

3 
1 

1 
1 

1 

Barton 

G 
5 
4 
50 
35 
o 

3 

50 
2 
16 
19 
20 

6 
5 
3 
49 
3G 
1 
4 
GO 
6 
18 
19 
21 
1 

5 
5 
1 
41 
17 
1 
4 
53 

3 
5 
5 
38 
15 

1 

1 
40 
6 

19 
7 
88 
24 

2 

1 

1 
1 

1 

Itollingcr 

32 
6 

17 
8 

C 
3 

•1 

Butler 

Culihvell 

1 

36 
3 

18 
13 
10 

2 
9 
3 

8 

2 
105 
o 

31 

18 
10 

22 

13 

5 

Ciipe  C.irarilr.'iu  
Carroll 

10 

8 

G 
6 
1 

2 

1 
1 

1 

0 

6 
34 
5 
20 
63 
28 
11 
56 
5 
9 
4 
17 
5 
5 

C 
25 
3 
7 
59 
25 
15 
50 
5 
5 
4 
6 
5 
4 

3 
6 

28 
4 
4 
42 
11 
11 
38 

0 

o 

o 
15 
1 
4 
30 
7 
3 
22 
o 

2 

3 

12 
1 
1 
18 
8 
5 
2G 

42 
4 
8 
55 
10 
11 
57 

22 

1C 

3 

1 

1 

Clark 

1 

19 
6 
4 
30 
1 

o 

11 
o 

4 
9 

Cl-iv 

41 
21 
15 
42 
1 
3 
3 
10 
1 

3 

o 

1 

Cole 

3 

G 

1 
1 

1 
1 

1 

3 

1 
3 
1 
1 

6 
1 
4 

3 

5 
1 
1 

Dent 

o 

1 

1 

13 
63 
13 

18 
80 
35 
7 
95 
10 
23 
15'J 
7 
oo 

207 
42 
52 
150 
40 
22 
123 
23 
115 
143 
51 
45 
71 
35 
13 
308 

11 
46 
8 
8 
59 
22 

57 
14 
21 
10» 
3 
12 
140 
21 
14 
78 
21 
9 
25 
15 
59 
97 
25 
22 
38 
15 
4 
142 

o 
33 
1 
G 
37 
9 
3 
32 
11 
9 
57 
1 
7 
102 
15 
15 
40 
7 
9 
138 
3 
41 
OS 
7 
19 
20 
11 
3 
87 

4 
28 
1 
3 
32 
12 
1 
25 
4 
11 
57 
1 
5 
89 
7 
18 
40 
9 
8 
76 
12 
38 
50 
14 
11 
24 
7 
1 
59 

o 
23 
1 
4 
24 
8 

3 

16 
] 

2 

19 
3 

1 

]9 
1 
o 

13 
o 

2 

2 
5 

4 
24 
o 

44 

2U3 
28 
41 
338 
97 
13 
298 
GO 
88 
801 
15 
C7 
698 
107 
137 
405 
94 
G7 

7G 
330 
37:1 
143 
K!9 
200 
1C7 
2G 
817 

171 
1,001 
70 
118 
' 
285 
25 
1,243 
195 
300 
5,886 
30 
313 
3,944 
335 
504 
1,  890 
284 
305 
G,  374 
2S4 
1.27:) 
2,  P40 
577 
CCS 
CCO 
457 
(il 
3,  017 

13 

7 

1 

1 

Gasconade 

Oentr 

1 
15 
2 

7 

7 
2 

31 
2 

G 

C 

1 

2 

Crunl  - 

H-imsoi 

Hem- 

10 
6 
7 
54 
o 

3 

57 
6 
10 
:n 
3 
4 
87 
7 
24 
41 
8 
12 
14 
5 
3 
53 

14 
3 
G 

50 
1 
4 
GO 
5 
9 
29 
3 
o 

63 
4 
15 
41 
5 
5 
7 
7 
1 
37 

3 

6 
35 

7 

1 

47 

11 

15 
2 

9 

4 

1 

Hickory 

Holt 

o 
34 

o 
116 

1 

50 

29 

9 

4 

2 

1 

II  OWL'  11 

o 

38 
2 

4 

23 
6 
1 
G4 
o 

14 
24 

12 
7 
9 
G 

3 

30 

3 

12 

1 
55 
2 

17 
23 

(i 
7 
1 
6 

20 
3 
3 
9 
2 
S 
37 

8 
14 
3 
3 
4 
2 
1 

7 
i 
G 
4 
35 
2 

5 
39 
4 

12 
43 
8 
G 
11 
10 

1 

18 

1 

J-tcl-so  i 

5 

3 

1 

1 

J-w  er 

' 

3 
9 

2 

100 

1 

6 
12 

0 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

J  H  n  on 

o 

1 

2 
54 
\ 
1 
7 
o 

i 

Tnox 

I  -icl  -de 

Laf/ette 

33  |        8 

5 

2 

1 

L 

I    wi- 

I  incoln 

2 

2 

1 

1 

I  inn 

. 

1 

If"1*8 

M-idisoii 

I 

27 

19         19         48  i      12          5 

1 

30 

234 


MISSOURI. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
09 
70 
71 
73 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 

79 
80 
81 
83 
83 
84 
85 
86 

88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
106 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 

COUNTIES. 

KUMBER  OP  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1 

2  slaves. 

1 

CO 

o 

p 

g 

t 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

200  and  under  300. 

300  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

0 

t- 

1 

00 

a 

•3 

9 
7 
27 
44 
65 
230 
100 
34 
47 
63 
16 
5 
20 
6 
34 
59 
102 
5 
242 
156 
47 
7 
6 

6 
1 
10 
20 
28 
104 
00 
20 
34 
19 
5 
2 
10 

1 

2 
10 
16 
26 
82 
54 
14 
18 
14 
3 
5 
18 

2 
1 
7 
17 
13 
57 
24 
15 
17 
5 
1 
1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

23 
12 
71 
ICO 
187 
733 
373 
138 
236 
141 
35 
13 
71 
11 
74 
187 
393 
24 
871 
674 
146 
20 
12 
378 
501 
475 
14 
30 
379 
133 
195 
119 

693 
16 
51 
91 
3 
234 
83 
8 
28 
24 
21 
54 
229 
188 
71 
73 
29 

72 
24 
238 
1,010 
7-15 
3,021 
1,  047 
649 
1,777 
420 
127 
26 
256 
43 
268 
739 
1,682 
84 
4,  C55 
3,313 
512 
56 
31 
1,791 
2  U19 
2,  047 
28 
78 
2,181 
574 
877 
617 
4,  346 
4,876 
39 
131 
503 
13 
724 
215 
16 
102 
82 
56 
136 
1,034 
1,028 
2C1 
220 
66 

1 
5 
15 
13 
73 
33 
13 
35 
11 
3 

Miller 

1 
3 
7 
39 
27 
13 
13 
8 
1 

4 

0 

4 
33 
16 
10 
12 
6 
1 

o 
5 
5 
35 
16 
6 
5 
2 

1 
9 
6 
10 
14 

i 

4 

14 
16 
49 
19 
5 
17 
8 
3 

6 
o 

12 
5 
1 
17 
3 
1 

5 
2 

o 

3 

2 

7 

3 

j 

1 

1 

1 

2 
6 

2 

1 

1 

Osage  

Ozark 

3 
1 

4 
22 
29 

7 
o 

4 
14 
25 

o 

4 

2 

3 

2 
1 
3 

2 

10 

1 
1 
1 
8 

9 
37 
62 
10 
130 
98 
31 
3 

7 
15 
54 
2 
96 
85 
19 
o 
o 

3 

8 
23 
o 

60 
36 
5 

1 

4 
12 
16 
1 
39 
42 
5 

3 

2 
15 
2 
24 
32 
3 
1 

I 

16 

n 

Perry  . 

IVttia  -  .     .. 

3 

1 

Phelps 

Pike 

81 
59 
15 
1 
o 

57 

C7 
12 
4 

31 
14 
1 

75 
53 
4 
1 

21 
23 
1 

7 
9 
3 

4 

1 

Platte 

Polk 

1 
15 
15 
22 

1 
7 

11 

" 

Rails 

91 
109 
130 
5 
15 
82 
41 
60 
30 
434 
110 
8 
24 

58 
76 
78 
4 
5 
46 
19 
33 
21 
187 
101 
3 
11 
12 
1 
41 
19 
2 
1 
8 
4 
9 
40 
28 
14 
14 
5 

46 
52 
66 
2 

3 
49 

19 
12 
139 
64 
1 
6 
6 
1 

44 
59 
52 

35 
37 
32 
2 

22 
20 

17 
37 
14 

29 
54 
30 

9 

22 
12 

4 
4 
4 

1 

Ray 

1 

Ripley 

4 

29 
14 
18 
16 
106 
68 
2 

3 

7 

1 

1 
12 
5 
5 
3 
16 
30 

I 

:, 

71 

35 
8 
12 

72 
50 

23 
5 
11 
10 
52 
48 

18 
9 
12 
6 
39 
45 

22 

0 

5 
1 
33 
30 
1 

14 

3 

2 
18 
31 

9 

3 

o 

6 
34 

2 

1 

St.  Clair 

1 
1 
3 
5 

Ste.  Cenevieve  .  

1 

o 
2 

1 

Saline 

1 

1 

7 

3 
9 

1 

2 

Scott 

5 

1 

2 

6 

7 

1 

a 

2 

Shelby 

101 
38 
5 
13 
5 
12 
28 
76 
38 
22 
28 
14 

20 

1 

9 
5 

4 

1 

10 
2 
1 

3 

2 

7 

13 
2 

1 

Sullivan 

7 

6 
21 
23 
8 
13 
4 

o 
3 
1 
2 
19 
20 
7 
7 
3 

2 

1 

2 

i 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

Texas  . 

1 

3 

10 
14 
3 

1 

13 
10 
3 
3 
1 

1 
9 
12 
5 
3 
1 

3 

7 
6 
4 
2 

2 

5 
6 

1 
1 

17 
18 
3 
1 

6 
9 

1 

6 
3 

1 

Webster 

1 

Wright 

Total 

1,734 



6,893 

3,754 

2,773 

2,243 

1,686 

1,384 

1,130 

877 

640 

666 

349 

120 

33 

26 

8 

4 

24,  320 

114,  931 

*  No  slaves. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


235 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 
3 
3* 
4 
S 
6 
1 
8 
9 
10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
80 
81 

83 
84 
85 
86 

.  i- 

88 
89 
30 
31 
38 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
•li 
43 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
i  • 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

V 

5 

rj 
If 

£ 

ij 

i 

I 

•4 
f 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  15. 

nder  20. 

0 

n 

o 

8 

o 

| 

§ 

u 

1 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  Blares. 

3 

I 

1 

| 

I 

1 

200  and  und 

pun  pun  OOC 

500  and  limit 

1.000  and  o\ 

15  and  n 

20  and  u 

30  and  u 

40  and  u 

50  and  n 

70  and  u 

100  and 

- 

C* 

n 

^ 

« 

«. 

t- 

112 
41 
20 
107 
28 
80 
58 
73 
40 
74 
29 
98 
45 
29 
43 
79 
71 
150 
22 
60 
104 
42 
123 
244 
62 
115 
54 
116 
66 
85 
110 
82 
44 

62 
89 
93 
37 
19 
42 
03 
25 
140 

97 
26 
102 
59 

6-1 
26 
12 
59 
10 
49 
48 
24 
29 
42 
16 
54 
29 
26 
43 
67 
46 
87 
13 
35 
58 
32 
82 
96 
50 
69 
45 
78 
66 
49 
63 
46 
41 
108 
28 
54 
62 
25 
12 
33 
62 
14 
56 
8 
64 
23 
56 
37 

55 
13 
7 
37 
11 
45 
27 
25 
21 
27 
25 
40 
19 
29 
22 
43 
36 
59 
13 
21 
37 
28 
76 
67 
33 
59 
33 
51 
47 
34 
47 
28 
33 
86 
36 
47 
50 
23 
7 
30 
33 
29 
58 
5 
48 
17 
41 
34 

40 
15 
3 
42 
5 
53 
35 
17 
16 
32 
14 
33 
8 
33 
1C 
55 
25 
69 
9 
12 
38 
20 
33 
48 
30 
42 
17 
41 
40 
20 
36 
27 
23 
73 
38 
45 
44 
8 
4 
20 
26 
25 
36 
4 
30 
16 
47 
24 

49 
6 
3 
43 
5 

23 
30 
21 
20 
14 
33 
15 
31 
7 
43 
19 
53 
8 
12 
18 
16 
43 
39 
28 
29 
17 
41 
38 
15 
39 
27 
26 
85 
oo 

34 
38 
26 
4 
13 
28 
19 
50 
1 
25 
23 
31 
20 

33 
7 
3 

31 
3 
36 
16 
13 
15 
7 
14 
25 
18 
25 
11 
32 
17 
42 
8 
12 
13 
16 
27 
57 
13 
30 
18 
33 
47 
16 
34 
18 
28 
49 
24 
32 
38 
9 
2 
6 
23 
19 
29 
1 
14 
16 
29 
13 

23 
3 
1 

28 
2 
23 
20 
8 
9 
7 
20 
20 
9 
14 
13 
38 
13 
47 
6 
17 
11 
17 
38 
36 
17 
19 
15 
25 
27 
11 
26 
25 
18 
44 
23 
27 
19 
9 
o 

9 
16 
8 
46 
3 
29 
14 
13 
12 

24 
o 

1 
30 
4 
26 
11 
15 
6 
12 
11 
10 
5 
17 
10 
34 
12 
26 
8 
12 
19 
16 
20 
26 
9 
24 
9 
29 
27 
7 
20 
25 
14 
48 
23 
28 
31 
16 
2 
9 
13 
9 
31 
3 
18 
10 
18 
13 

17 

7 

56 
12 
2 
69 
6 
78 
59 
59 
30 
25 
23 
43 
11 
29 
21 
112 
31 
90 
4 

21 
3 
2 
46 
3 
32 
36 
26 
11 
12 
10 
18 
2 

15 
12 
77 
12 
40 
1 

13 
2 
1 
44 
1 
32 
29 
39 
14 
9 
13 
24 
5 
4 
7 
69 
4 
41 

8 

1 

1 

2 

1 

520 
136 
55 
616 
82 
D58 
468 
384 
258 
284 
210 
425 
173 
277 
217 
748 
300 
769 
96 
278 
383 
283 
674 
809 
340 
483 
281 
676 
672 
301 
605 
360 
3133 
1,000 
401 
493 
695 
244 
63 
200 
43d 
213 
587 
43 
46fi 
261 
525 
23:1 

3,  4  15 
611 
200 
6,951 
391 
5,878 
8,  183 
5,327 
3,631 
1,933 
2,371 
3,040 
1,088 
2,127 
1,969 
9,355 
1,661 
6,  216 
519 
3,713 
2,131 
2,463 
6,189 
5,830 
2,523 
3,076 
2,392 
7,124 
10,  108 
1,761 
7,  07'J 
2,199 
3,901 
11,086 
3,917 
3,623 
10,  349 
2,584 
313 
1,382 
4,415 
2,791 
4,177 
268 
4,916 
3,413 
5,  140 
?,  115 

23 
3 
23 

17 
20 
10 
9 
9 
17 
3 
14 
5 
26 
10 
30 

23 

1 
18 
29 
10 
8 
2 
4 
5 
o 

5 
3 
34 
o 

15 
3 
11 
2 
8 
17 
13 
4 
3 
4 
11 
36 

18 
5 
10 
24 
17 
3 
38 

! 

11 

16 

6 

1 

A  she 

JJeiiufort    . 

6 
25 
9 
5 
o 

2 
4 
1 

o 

3 

17 

6 
14 
10 
8 
o 

2 
2 

3 
4 

2 

16 
o 

7 
13 
o 

4 

1 
1 

2 
6 
3 
4 

1 
3 

2 
1 

1 

C  us  well 

4 

2 

5 
1 
5 
1 
3 
11 
7 
4 
1 
3 
17 
13 
1 
13 
1 
o 

29 
3 

7 
14 

: 

7 

1 

1 

7 
17 
17 
25 
29 
19 
12 
11 
31 
23 
13 
19 
13 
18 
30 
15 
20 
26 
7 
4 
8 
11 
8 
23 

10 
10 
12 

9 

32 
48 
33 
77 
73 
30 
46 
32 
95 
83 
26 
71 
34 
40 
140 
46 
59 
99 
44 
3 
17 
58 

IN 

59 
2 
57 
41 
53 
31 

13 
4 
20 
48 
34 
17 
12 
12 
43 
61 
15 
40 
2° 
26 
57 
35 
17 
44 
13 
2 

6 
2'J 
21 
21 
o 

31 
22 

44 
11 

17 
12 
12 
43 
33 
20 
14 
8 
48 
53 
10 
41 
7 
30 
72 
23 
29 
64 
- 
1 
6 
34 
17 
20 

24 
12 

50 
12 

o 

6 
1 

• 

1 

Columbus  

1 
8 
4 
2 
2 
2 
10 
17 
1 
15 

2 
2 
2 

1 
1 

3 

2 

1 

4 
9 
1 
12 

3 
11 

1 

Franklin 

1 

10 
22 
4 
1 
15 
1 
1 

0 

5 
4 

3 

Guilford 

1 

Halifax 

8 
2 

9 

2 

:: 

7 
16 
9 
6 
1 
12 
9 
10 
3 

1 
11 
4 
5 
1 
11 
8 
9 

o 

8 

3 
*> 

i 

Hyde 

1 

Iredell 

4 

3' 

' 

9 
8 
5 
3 

6 
4 
3 
1 

1 
2 

2 

Lincoln     . 

236 


NORTH    CAROLINA. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
• 
81 
S3 
83 

85 
86 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

| 

o 
ct 

| 

4  slaves. 

OB 

4 
2 
19 
17 
G3 
11 
24 
26 
G3 
27 
12 
41 
20 
17 
42 
41 
4 
21 
23 
37 
40 
31 
33 
43 
14 
11 
14 
9 
20 
79 
39 

38 
15 
33 
14 
3 

to 

e 

2 
20 
G 
51 
14 
23 
29 
63 
22 
22 
28 
19 
14 
40 
43 
4 
9 
28 
45 
33 
27 
23 
38 
13 
13 
12 
11 
20 
63 
27 
13 
3 
30 
20 
21 
10 
1 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

1  200  and  nnder  300. 

300  and  under  000. 

1  500  and  under  1,000. 

i 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

21 
13 
59 
63 
1G9 
05 
129 
70 
124 
73 
50 
134 
74 
42 
82 
137 
oo 

108 
81 
113 
111 
102 
84 
91 
56 
51 
57 
43 
93 
210 
. 
36 
9 
100 
58 
87 
37 
23 

e 

9 

36 
CC 
103 
28 
81 
09 
86 
CO 
30 
90 
44 
23 
48 

9 

59 
49 
71 
G7 
04 
44 
70 
20 
31 
30 
40 

134 
39 

O 
7 

32 
G2 
24 
5 

11 
5 
22 
19 
SO 
13 
37 
30 
71 
D4 
SO 
Gl 
34 
21 
34 
63 
11 
37 
51 
04 
54 
49 
28 
51 
27 

23 
30 
49 
94 
40 
13 
5 
3G 
22 
44 
17 
9 

1,  OG3 

G 

25 
11 
59 
18 
47 
37 
01 
31 
41 
03 
26 
17 
29 
01 
5 

29 
45 
41 
40 
19 
03 
17 
17 
14 
15 
40 
101 
27 
14 
1 
38 
21 
31 
12 
3 

4 
2 
17 
6 
41 
13 
21 
31 
52 
31 
17 
39 
18 
10 
14 
39 
5 
15 
26 
43 
29 
29 
12 
22 
11 
I' 
10 
6 
12 
63 
14 
13 
1 
23 
12 
21 
5 
1 

3 
3 

22 
4 
42 
9 
17 
22 
36 
25 
14 
29 
14 
13 
19 
45 
4 
10 

32 
21 
35 

18 
27 
5 
i 
8 
10 
19 
51 
22 
14 
1 
18 
8 
19 
3 
1 

1,470 

6 
3 

8 
20 
5 
21 
20 
37 
25 
8 
22 
8 
6 
18 
34 
o 

10 
13 
15 
27 
26 
13 
23 
5 
8 
5 
2 

8 
53 
17 
4 

8 
3 
02 
26 
77 

37 
51 

no 

68 
37 
76 
36 
30 
70 
101 
11 
26 
62 
103 
84 
47 
41 
111 
15 
28 
16 
22 
39 
146 
78 
18 

o 

2 

2 
2 

46 
3G8 
213 
840 
236 
469 
482 
938 
542 
313 
605 
318 
259 
488 
817 
68 
343 
498 
671 
630 
020 
351 
679 
202 
246 
210 
210 
387 
1,195 
504 
222 
31 
532 
228 
440 
162 
G2 

519 
213 
4,  309 
1,305 
0,311 
3,823 
2,518 
4,080 
10,  331 
i'.     ; 
3,459 
5,  108 
2,  9S3 
3,  538 
5,  195 
8,473 
620 
1,045 
5,453 
5,  455 
6,318 
3,930 
2,  391 
7,028 
1.1C9 
2,409 
1,246 
1,597 
2,246 
10,733 
10,  401 
2,405 
104 
5,451 
1,208 
3,496 
1,436 
363 

1 

23 
5 
52 
12 
17 
37 
90 
42 

35 
17 
13 

25 
55 
4 
5 
37 
41 
43 
30 
17 
53 
10 
16 
6 
5 
20 
80 
38 
23 

30 
8 
39 
17 
11 
40 
09 
37 
11 
26 
19 
28 
34 
54 
4 
7 
34 
42 
38 
27 
11 
48 
7 
15 
10 
10 

11 

71 
53 
11 

14 
3 
17 
3 
4 
10 
36 
12 
17 
8 
12 
9 
21 
30 

o 
22 
11 
23 
7 
6 
13 
1 
5 
4 

1 
23 
34 
6 

G 
1 

10 
6 

6 

1 

3 

2 

McDowell  

1 

Montgomery  

Nash  

5 
19 
14 
G 
G 
2 

5 
5 
10 
1 
1 
4 

7 
2 
1 
12 
1 
2 
1 
2 
3 
11 
22 
3 

G 
15 
11 
o 

3 
3 
4 
5 
12 

2 
4 
5 
4 
2 
1 
6 
1 
1 

1 
o 

0 
0 

1 
1 
1 
1 
6 

New  Hanover  

1 

Pitt  

Polk  .  . 

Randolph  

1 

Richmond  

12 
1 
8 
3 

2 
1 
3 

2 

Robeson  

1 
1 

Rowan  

1 

11 

1 

2 

Stanly  

4 

1 

Tyrrel  

4 

1 

Wake  

9 
29 
4 

2 
16 
2 

3 
9 

2 

AVasliingtou  

1 

14 
9 
18 
o 
2 

73 
13 
52 
14 
8 

30 
11 
14 
9 
2 

41 
6 
21 
6 
3 

14 
1 
14 
4 
1 

5 

11 

4 

1 

\Vilkes  

4 
2 

4 

1 
2 

Yadkin  

1 

Yancey  

Total  

11 

6,440   4,017 

2,546 

2,  245 

1,887 

1,019 

1,228 

4,044 

2,029 

1,977 

870 

474 

423 

188 

118 

4 

31,658 

331,059 

SOUTH    CAROLINA. 


237 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 

23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 

DISTRICTS. 

NUMBER  OP  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

c* 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

•80AB[S  9 

7  slaves. 

I 

4 

0 

B 

0 

o- 

0 

^  100  nnd  under  200. 

200  and  under  300. 

I  300  nnd  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1.000  and  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

nd  unde 

ud  unde 

nd  nil  do 

30  and  unde 

40  and  unde 

50  and  unde 

70  and  unde 

X 

0 

o 

10 

8 

182 
180 
150 
78 
513 
129 
53 
95 
61 
238 
214 
55 
57 
136 
51 
49 
107 
144 
113 
118 
68 
120 
98 
109 
63 
199 
71 
93 
49 
170 

116 
144 
93 
81 
295 
66 
CO 
57 
71 
88 
134 
63 
48 
89 
31 
24 
53 
100 
72 
119 
51 
74 
84 
58 
38 
110 
64 
61 
37 
131 

95 
92 
91 
43 
244 
66 
40 
28 

85 
102 

47 
£9 
67 
£8 
35 
55 
80 
52 
51 
liH 

82 
38 
46 
94 
59 
53 
25 
99 

82 
101 
62 
49 
222 
62 
28 
40 
59 
66 
97 
50 
9 
54 
18 
26 
30 
68 
50 
59 

45 
71 
52 
43 
65 
48 
35 
22 
77 

62 
82 
66 
38 
220 
55 
30 
26 
55 
48 
93 
33 
19 
07 
14 
20 
37 
61 

46 
23 
54 
57 
34 
32 
62 
32 
33 
23 
77 

73 
64 

70 
49 
126 
59 
18 
38 
39 
48 
77 

17 
62 
20 
14 
22 
56 
38 
43 
26 
39 

37 
33 
45 
43 
32 
20 
60 

67 
71 
50 
45 
142 
38 
18 
17 
32 
32 
77 
39 
12 
51 
J4 
1C 
22 
46 
24 
31 
22 
44 
51 
23 
30 
51 
30 
35 
18 
54 

67 
58 
62 
44 
109 
40 
15 
17 
30 
25 
65 
36 
14 
35 
6 
15 
19 
46 
16 
27 
19 
34 
45 
23 
29 
45 
44 
25 
17 
46 

51 

37 
48 
28 
105 
40 
1C 
14 
36 
28 
65 
33 
16 
33 
C 
12 
13 
53 
20 
46 
17 
40 
42 
25 
12 
36 
24 
19 
12 
46 

222 
132 
137 
101 
335 
133 
54 
56 
97 

: 

222 
112 
46 

25 
50 
55 
154 
04 
102 
61 
133 
127 
62 
92 
132 
122 
79 
73 
143 

120 

57 
102 
87 
164 
62 
26 
34 
54 
43 
129 
77 
33 
54 
9 
38 
33 
112 
: 
57 
26 
71 
100 
26 
49 
66 
54 
31 
40 
82 

122 
51 
112 
102 
126 
! 
29 
41 
95 
50 
168 
66 
36 
42 
9 
31 
30 
84 
37 
64 
46 
77 
110 
19 
46 
68 
71 
66 
51 
: 

76 
20 
62 
73 
68 
28 
8 
21 

22 
80 
40 
41 
20 
3 
23 
14 
42 
11 
39 
11 
57 
61 
1 
24 
17 
50 
42 
29 
23 

42 

8 
38 
41 
42 
16 
5 
10 
34 
19 
50 
31 
9 
3 
1 
5 
13 
13 
7 
18 
14 
26 
28 
4 
16 
•  ' 
26 
25 
16 
11 

41 
5 
27 
73 

60 
16 

no 
49 

53 
31 
18 
12 
3 
8 

16 
9 
15 
16 
28 
32 
8 
14 
7 
40 
21 
32 
16 

23 
1 
18 
C9 
49 
11 

1,467 
1,103 
1,198 
1,070 
2,880 
909 
411 
537 
CCS 
S39 
1,681 
622 
481 
8:9 
247 
. 
: 
1,093 
609 
846 
489 
937 
1,069 
529 
C04 
1,007 
622 
676 
491 
1,096 

20,502 
:    . 
17,401 
32,530 
37,  2CO 
10.SC8 
4,  348 
8,566 
32,307 
11,677 
24,  C60 
15,  534 
16,  1C9 
7,019 

-, 
5,  650 
13,  200 
6,202 
9,951 
6,893 
13,  693 
16,583 
4,193 
11,005 
8,240 
10,082 
10,  801 
10,  259 
9,984 

10 
51 
51 
7 

• 

13 

4 

1 
: 

C 
C3 
21 
23 

16 
2G 

13 
53 
13 
12 
14 
31 
1 

- 
11 
o 

r 

3 

.... 

Fairlield 

2 
9 

i 
s 

o 

1 

a 

c 

6 
13 
4 
6 
9 
14 
20 
3 
16 

i 

1 
3 

4 
2 
4 

; 

9 

1 

1 

14 
3 

4 

i 

Spartauburgh  

23 
17 
14 
4 

17 

7 
13 

1 

1 

3 

Williamsbui'gh  .... 
York 

Total  

3,763 

2,533 

1,990 

1,731 

1,541 

1,366 

1,207 

1,095 

973 

3,334 

1,876    1,984 

1,083 

579 

i 
710  j    487 

56  !  22 

7 

1 

26,701 

402,  406 

238 


TENNESSEE. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


Blount . 

Bradle 

Campb 

Canno 

Carroll 

Carter.. 

Clieath, 

Claibor 

Cocke . 

Coffee  - 

Cnmbc 

Davids 

Deeatu 

Do  Knl 

Dieksoi 

Dyer.. 

Fayett< 

Feu  tres 

Frunkll 

Gibson  . 

Giles. 

Grain  | 

Greene . 

Grundy 

Ilamilta 

linn  cod 

Hardi:m 

Ilunliu  . 

Hawkii 

ILiywoi 

Hendun 

Henry. 

Hickm 

Hump] 

Jack HO 

Jeffers 

Johnsc 

Knox  , 

Laudci 

Lawre 

Lewis . 

Lincoln 


)  UNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

u 
"3 

i 

« 

ct 

o 

n 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  ttnd  under  ICO. 

100  and  under  200. 

200  and  under  SCO. 

300  and  under  SCO. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

t 

0 

£3 

*O 
£1 

^ 

"c 

f 

Total  slaves. 

23 
185 
31 
27 
50 
58 
1C 
59 
173 
23 
70 
30 
30 
80 
12 
57-i 
33 
61 
37 
125 
99 
22 
132 
219 
232 
47 
88 
25 
78 
21 
93 
63 
00 
124 
105 
139 
81 
70 
57 
53 
21 
115 
59 
75 
10 
182 
83 
132 

12 
130 
13 
19 
3D 
4C 
9 
33 
112 
13 
35 
18 
33 
CD 
C 
299 

3G 
30 
42 
92 
8 
91 
138 
101 
23 
Gl 
7 
38 
13 
77 
48 
41 
93 
62 
82 
39 
50 
36 
43 

59 
34 
40 
4 

124 
58 
75 

15 
97 
IS 
8 
21 
28 
7 
10 
73 
9 
24 
21 
23 

3 
207 
15 
30 
31 
41 
89 
9 
45 
114 
115 
20 
41 
4 
31 
8 
C9 
30 
32 
72 
42 
70 
30 
35 
S5 
40 
C 
36 
24 
29 
7 
99 
40 
35 

14 
95 
15 
7 
24 
30 
3 
21 
53 
3 
22 
7 
18 
22 
3 
163 
8 
23 
35 
35 
C9 
3 
38 
98 
80 
26 
21 
7 
30 
9 
49 
23 
21 
59 
45 
49 
31 
23 
£7 
37 
5 
49 
26 
14 
4 
70 
31 
38 

8 
72 
10 
7 
22 

7 
11 
49 

19 
8 
10 
28 
o 
IfiO 
14 
17 
33 
32 
CO 
4 
37 
70 
73 
1C 
20 
7 
25 
3 
43 
20 
30 
03 
37 
56 
19 

16 
30 
3 
40 
19 
13 
3 
79 
24 
27 

C 
59 
8 
9 
11 
12 
1 
4 
38 
1 

OO 

C 
11 
1C 
o 

116 
7 
13 
17 
12 
58 
1 
3C 
53 
78 
14 
14 
1 
18 
C 
33 
17 
18 
41 
31 
56 
1C 
17 
14 
21 
7 
31 
19 
1<> 
2 
44 
20 
13 

5 
53 
5 
4 
13 
7 
7 
11 
30 
n 

19 
8 
11 
1 
85 
4 
1C 
21 
21 
52 
1 
26 
57 
04 
13 
13 
3 
13 

3 
39 
3 
4 
15 
13 
o 

9 
30 
3 
9 
o 

4 
0 

84 
10 
9 
13 
17 
54 
1 
20 
50 
52 
4 
7 
o 

2 
27 
11 
16 
52 
23 
31 
10 
8 
6 
15 
2 
16 
14 
3 
1 
33 
21 
"1 

41 
3 
o 

8 
5 

15 
95 
9 
20 
21 
19 
5 
17 
GO 
6 
31 
19 
10 
35 

4 
43 
1 
3 

8 

: 

6 
33 
1 
G 
5 
7 
9 

1 
5 

no 

980 
113 
115 
241 
250 
C2 
203 
704 

278 
139 
172 
308 
33 
2,  153 
130 
236 
310 
415 
1,124 
55 
501 
1,011 
1,243 
199 
307 
G3 
287 
67 
672 
280 
311 
894 
470 
716 
306 
279 
230 
319 
60 
417 
313 
234 
42 
905 
336 
411 

583 
6,  744 
534 
CE9 
1,  303 
1,  173 
3CS 
974 
4,004 
374 
1,882 
743 
849 
1,  329 

14,  790 
784 
1,025 
2,  201 
2,041 
15,  473 
187 
3  551 
6,141 
10,  848 
1,  COS 
1,297 
266 
1,419 
246 
7,236 
1.G23 
1,925 
11,026 
3,383 
5,  530 
1,753 
1,463 
1,212 
2,  096 
233 
2,  370 
2,854 
1,160 
247 
6,847 
1,900 

i,no!> 

43 
3 
3 
7 
3 

13 

1 

3 

o 
2 
1 
1 

lev 

pbell 

1 

11 
20 
5 
8 

5 
6 

1 
5C 
5 
10 
10 
12 
4C 
1 
24 
47 
42 
7 
10 
2 

7 
1 
24 
15 
12 
33 
15 
27 
8 
3 
8 
8 
3 
8 
11 
7 

2 
16 
2 

14 

1 
2 
5 

I 

1 
9 
1 
3 
1 
1 
2 

all 

C 

1 

1 

1 

1 

194 
8 
15 
13 
30 
176 

48 
83 
144 
18 
17 
3 
23 
3 
70 
17 
35 
102 
43 
83 
2- 
22 
19 
13 
2 

40 
41 
17 

72 
7 
1 
29 
20 
87 

76 
2 
4 
15 
18 
103 

24 

1 

14 
1 

1C 

5 

3 

alb  . 

15 
4 
53 

2 

2 

1 

3 

36 

3 
24 

13 

7 

klin 

20 
34 
56 
5 
10 

28 
29 
78 
5 
1 

C 
14 

28 
1 

4 
3 
13 

1 

11 

1 

7 

3 

1 

2 

11  ten 

2 

8 

1 
] 

1 

34 

13 
12 
34 
13 

11 
10 
g 

21 

20 
12 
6 
2 
34 
14 
17 

41 
10 
16 
61 
21 
39 
10 
7 
7 
36 
1 
22 
20 
4 

63 
9 

7 
77 
21 
32 
14 
7 
o 

12 

15 
4 
3 
20 
12 
11 
3 
o 
2 
8 

16 

10 
]_ 

7 

1 

22 
1 
6 

2G 
2 

7 

7 

4 

o 

1 

] 

1 
4 

1 
1 

2 

1 

9 

14 
7 
o 

36 
9 
'  .1 

1 

9 
1 
1 

1 
8 
1 

1 
1 

o 

sin 

34 
12 
11 

115 
28 
Ml 

27 
15 

7 

11 

6 

1 

3 

5 

2 

1 

nn  .  .. 

4 

1     1 

TENNESSEE. 


239 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


49 
») 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
53 
59 
60 
61 
63 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 

76 
T? 
78 

79 
80 
PI 
83 
83 
8-1 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OP  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

i 

~ca 

2  slaves. 

3  blaven. 

••DAUja  (> 

5  slaves. 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

* 

d 

8 

0 

$ 

?:  ! 

8 

li  i 

300  and  under  500. 

|  500  and  under  1,000. 
1,000  and  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaved. 

10  and  undei 

15  and  undei 

20  and  uadei 

30  and  undcl 

40  and  undcl 

50  and  unde 

70  and  undo 

100  and  und 
200  and  nml 

5-1 
118 
31 

m 

251 
29 
56 
135 
11 
[80 
80 
27 
20 
30 
18 
C") 

27 
104 
25 
82 
112 
18 
45 
95 
5 
74 
38 
14 
8 
22 
14 

22 
101 
5 
76 
144 
9 
30 
63 

19 
72 
11 
70 
106 
12 
21 
90 
1 
39 
19 
18 
7 
10 
10 
19 
7-1 
87 
1 
4 
4 
154 
55 
26 
20 
77 
34 

1 
30 
25 
20 
CO 
2-1 
82 
102 

10 
75 
8 
56 
83 
8 
12 
58 
1 
20 
15 
10 
4 
10 
13 
12 
59 
79 

54 
5 
40 
72 
8 
11 
49 
1 
23 
9 
10 
5 
5 
5 
11 
46 
81 

8 

G8 
9 
39 
76 

12 
56 

42 

5 
27 
09 
3 
14 
53 

G 
38 
3 
30 
61 
5 
7 
33 
o 

21 
G 
6 
1 
0 
o 

14 
31 
38 

24 

126 
12 
75 
194 
7 
21 
123 
o 

20 
17 
7 
5 
M 
9 
28 
66 
178 
1 
10 
1 
205 
68 
21 
16 
133 
73 
o 

C 
38 
10 
24 
61 

100 
113 

08 
5 
33 
108 
4 
1-1 
56 
1 
18 
G 
o 

2 

1 
53 
5 
20 
103 
4 
7 
78 
1 
10 
3 
1 

1 

29 

199 
988 
124 
700 
1,501 
116 
2J5 
956 
25 
51  G 
248 
118 
74 
146 
103 
273 
729 
1,316 
10 
96 
34 
2,050 
654 
277 
246 
951 
4«9 
57 
30 
307 

me 

240 
G8S 
213 
1,207 
1  325 

929 
10,  012 
678 
4,480 
14,  r,54 

1,600 
9,554 
120 
2,399 
1,087 
548 
431 
682 

1,748 
4,  801 
12,  984 
59 
538 
201 
10,953 
4,228 
2,4'.5 
1,074 
7,700 

- 
239 
2,320 
952 
1,IG9 
4.213 
1,  145 
12,  "07 

15 

13 

11 

1  '  

G 
47 
1 

a 

35 

4 
1G 

1    

10 

12 

2    

Melga 

i 

3    

14 

7 

4 

1    ... 

y 

57 
30 
12 
4 
22 
11 

19 
11 
5 
6 
10 
0 
10 
30 
57 
o 

18 
13 
5 
2 
9 
6 
12 
33 
60 

3 

3 

1 

1 
3 

Polk 

1 

0 

Rhcn 

4 

15 
39 
90 

4 

8 
23 
100 

1 
3 
5 
40 

1 
1 
17 

1 

MO 
239 
3 
30 
7 
492 
131 
51 
60 
160 
74 
18 
9 
80 
75 
71 
1-19 
72 

ino 

272 

97 
115 

75 
107 
o 

5 

G 
194 
54 
39 
31 
84 
41 
11 
7 
31 
30 
10 
PI 
31 
81 
i:;- 

3 

10 

1 

4 

o 

9 
4 
230 
85 
36 
37 
115 
57 
13 
o 

45 
24 
33 
97 
32 
119 
212 

7 
2 
123 
40 
18 
17 
50 
23 
o 

3 

28 
17 
17 
49 
17 
70 
95 

3 

2 
121 
54 
11 
22 
45 
28 
4 
2 
31 
10 
14 
44 
12 
03 
70 

G 
2 
90 
39 
17 
13 
05 
19 

G 

1 

es 

30 
14 
5 
37 
21 
3 

53 
31 
5 
0 
35 
19 
o 
o 
13 
8 
G 
13 
7 
51 
52 

4 
o 

93 
30 
13 
o 

G3 
31 

2 

2 

1 
12 
o 

2 

i 

Shelby 

102 
17 
15 
3 
51 
34 

61 
7 
3 
o 

15 

11 

21 
o 

12 

5   

•Smith 

1 

1    

1 

Sullivan  

5 

8 

5 
7 

0 

4 

1 

20 
11 
9 
30 
10 
63 
67 

1 
15 
3 

33 
11 
91 
48 

1 
9 
2 
4 
20 
3 
03 
41 

1 
5 

I 

19 
9 
10 
24 
11 
53 
57 

2 

1 

i 

1 
o 

10 
1 
37 
11 

1 

1 

12 
G 

15 

9 

1    ... 

7,820 

4,738 

3,009 

3,012 

2,536 

S,066    1,783 

1,505 

1,260 

3,779 

1,744 

1,623       643 

284 

219 

110 

40       6 

1 

36,8-14 

275,  7  ID 

i 

240 


TEXAS. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 

2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 

9 

10 

11 

12 
13 
i  ; 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
S3 
S3 
24 
25 
• 

s8 

30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
:••; 
... 
:.- 
39 
.,  i 
41 

•;j 
4:1 

44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
/'I 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 

57 

58 
59 
GO 
61 
62 
63 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

J 
c* 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

G  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  IGO. 

ICO  and  under  200. 

1  200  nnd  under  300. 

300  nnd  under  500. 

500nndumlerl,000. 

1,000  nnd  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

85 

1C 
41 
o 

71 
15 
4 
43 
o 

33 
12 
4 

28 

30 
10 
1 
14 

25 
8 
4 
11 

27 
7 
1 
1C 

17 
4 
1 

1 

20 
G 

19 

1 

GO 
13 
1 

23 
5 

21 
4 
1 
oo 

G 

7 

o 
1 

1 

1 

459 

3.  era 

C8G 
107 
3,911 

2,591 

110 
33 

At  -isc 

Austin 

8 

18 

01 

30 

9 

7 

3 

2 

3 

321 
5 
274 

G8 

27 

21 

15 

1C 

15 

9 

17 

7 

24 

19 

17 

8 

8 

1 

2 

Baylor* 

1C 
41 
105 

3 
17 
50 

3 

oo 

31 

o 
1C 
21 

3 
21 
13 

5 
10 
13 

o 

8 
13 

2 
8 
5 

1 

1 
o 

9 

38 
179 

294 

79 
1,005 
1,  395 
98 
293 
2,151 
5,110 
1,  CC3 

Bell 

5 
3 

20 
22 

7 
7 

o 

1 

1 

13 
21 
2C 
27 

8 
23 
17 
22 

7 
14 

14 
14 

3 
23 
14 

8 

5 
8 
13 
G 

3 
10 
4 
'    3 

3 
13 
G 
4 

o 
3 
9 
o 

3 

2n 

29 
9 

14 

20 
5 

1 
oo 

18 
7 

1 

51 
201 
232 
118 

4 
12 
4 

C 

18 

1 

C 
G 
o 

8 

11 
o 

3 
5 

1 

9 

1 

1 

1 
47 
19 
72 
32 
5 
52 
14 
92 

1 
2C 
15 
28 
18 
1 
30 
G 
G9 

o 
1C 

12 
23 

17 

1 

1 

10 

1 
1G 
4 

7 
2C8 
C9 
234 
10G 
G 
354 
G9 
45G 

32 
2,  COS 

1,610 

414 
7 
3,475 
513 
3,  246 

21 
0 
30 

10 

14 
G 

18 
0 

12 
3 
G 
3 

13 
1 
9 

5 

12 
3 
11 
o 

15 

12 

G 



3 

1 

1 

5 

24 

7 

13 
o 

8 
1 

« 

1 

1 



37 
5 
43 

30 
6 
32 

21 
5 
35 

23 
4 
21 

20 

:) 

20 

14 
3 

9 
G 
15 

43 
10 
50 

23 
3 
21 

27 
23 

11 
1 
4 

4 

1 
5 

o 

o 

o 

i 

Clav* 

Collin 

70 

40 

23 

21 

21 

10 

G 

7 

9 

14 

3 

5 

2-10 

1,047 

58 
3 
14 

44 
4 
3 

18 
3 

20 

20 
2 

12 
2 

1 

10 

1C 

8 

27 
3 

15 
1 

21 
4 

10 

G 

5 

3 

4 

300 
22 
25 

3,  539 
1U3 
Gl 

5 

n 

Cook  .  . 

22 
23 
50 

10 
14 
43 

10 
15 
31 

G 
G 

20 

8 
5 
13 

o 
4 
11 

o 
5 

8 

o 
3 
11 

3 
1 

G 

4 
4 
16 

o 
1 

10 

o 

1 

71 

81 
228 

369 

300 
1,074 

Coryell  

Dallas 

3 

32 

:;•; 

21 

23 

14 
1G 

3 
31 

C 
13 

4 
13 

3 

7 

1 
G 

o 

1 
G 

87 

201 

1,013 

Do  Witt   .  . 

3 

22 

15 

3 

1 

o 

2 

Duvnl*  

Ellis  .... 

47 

30 

29 
1 

14 

11 
1 

10 

4 

1 

10 

5 

13 

8 

G 

1 

o 

ICG 
3 

1,  104 
15 

El  Paso  .  . 

Erath  . 

G 
27 
81 
122 

3 
11 
41 
51 
20 
31 

8 
18 
41 
40 
14 
24 

1 
8 
20 
38 
15 
20 

3 

11 
28 
33 
G 
18 

1 
11 
14 
29 
13 
12 

21 
2G 
Gl 
39 
PC 

2 
5 
10 
40 

Oj 

20 

153 
308 
514 

118 
1,716 

],7'.'l 
3,  78G 

Falls  

11 
14 
21 
12 
1C 

G 
15 
15 
14 
14 

:; 
7 
17 
18 
23 

14 
4 
19 

28 

:; 

4 
18 
13 
14 

C 

1 
5 

5 

1 

o 
3 

9 
4 

1 

1 

Pavette  

Fort  Bend  

29 
40 
o 

3 
4 

2 
o 

1 

260 

307 

288 
7 
119 
384 
230 

4,127 
3,  C13 
o 

1,520 
33 
843 
3,  1C8 
1  292 

Frio  

Galveston  

G9 
3 

45 

38 
1 

29 

20 

18 

11 

7 
1 
3 

:- 
23 
G 

7 
1 

7 
G 
10 

c 

22 
1 
11 
49 
11 
74 
18 

13 

7 

1 

1 

Gillcspio  

Goliad.    ..    . 

23 
no 

70 
CO 
40 
7 

23 
39 
29 
81 
24 
1 

12 
38 
20 
38 
12 
1 

15 
24 
25 
41 
21 
2 

5 
30 
20 
28 
19 

8 

1!' 
20 
30 
4 

10 

11 

1C 
12 

5 
30 
4 
27 
15 

8 
!-J 
10 
31 
1C 

2 

II 

1 

8 

5 

1 

1 

24 
G 

12 
1 

4 
1 

4 
1 

2 

505 
202 

5,403 
1,748 
20 

Hardema.u*  

Ilardin  ...                         10 

5!         4 

3  '        3 

0    i 

a 

2 

2 

2 

35 

191 

TEXAS. 


241 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


64 
65 
60 

67 

as 

69 
70 
71 
73 
73 
74 
73 
7fi 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
- 
90 
SI 
<J2 
93 
94 
93 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
104 
105 
106 
107 
108 
109 
110 
111 
112 
113 
114 
113 
116 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
122 
123 
124 
125 
12fi 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

COUNTIES. 

V 

t 

i 

. 
G 

J 

p 

S 

jj 

t 

1 

• 

10  and  nnder  15. 

15  and  nnder  20. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  nnd  under  40. 

40  nnd  nnder  50. 

50  and  nnder  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

1  100  nnd  under  200. 

|  200  nnd  nnder  300. 

1  300  and  under  500. 

500  nnd  under  1,000. 

G 
t» 

O 

•c 

1 

I 

s 

i 

E-i 

Totnl  ulnvcl. 

! 

c 
•3 
c» 

a 

•a 

n 

3 

— 

c 

•3 

0 

1 

<O 

4 

t~ 

"3 

00 

81 
GO 
8 

39 
61 

6 

28 
52 
7 

30 

48 

7 

20 

8 

15 
25 
3 

28 
3 

fi 
87 
3 

23 
103 
10 

17 
41 
8 

; 

3 
32 
o 

1 
19 

395 
713 
95 

2,053 
8,784 

797 

6 

2 

IIiivs                                °2 

84 

13 

9 

13 

11 

1 

4 

4 

19 

7 

2 

3 

1 

135 

1 

ns 

235 
333 
142 
19 
155 
170 
70 
129 

1,116 
1 
630 

900 
2,819 
577 
50 
1,194 
1,611 
309 
513 

Ili'laljT*                                1 

22 
43 
44 

26 

:.- 

- 

13 
23 

22 
26 
34 
15 
2 
14 
17 
10 
11 

13 
17 
20 
15 
2 
13 
19 
6 
10 

7 
17 
28 
G 
1 
12 
11 
1 
13 

- 
14 
16 
9 
1 
3 
5 
3 
3 

fi 

10 
5 

11 

I 
1 

1 

7 
7 
5 

9 
13 
38 
9 

3 
23 
3 

i 

1 
4 

' 

Hopkins                            7° 

3 

4 

a 

Ja«*k<tm                           25 

8 
4 
3 
9 

9 

3 
4 

6 
7 

15 

. 

10 
8 
1 

o 

7 
15 
1 
2 

4 

1 
3 

1 

* 

10 
25 

1 

o 
8 

11 
8 

3 

9 

5 
5 
1 

4 

4 
5 

..... 

. 
G 

1 

1 

1 

61 
128 

II 

307 
S33 

49 

4 

o 

1 

• 

r    \*  ' 

r 

GO 
6 

52 
5 

5 

30 
2 

27 

21 
o 

14 

5 
1 

33 

1 

26 

17 
1 

10 
1 

o 

o 

419 
32 

2,833 
153 

26 

13 

19 
1 
G 

25 
18 
12 
22 
2 
1 

•. 
: 
11 
20 
1 
1 

8 
19 
11 

1 
4 

12 
19 

6 
9 

12 

- 

8 
17 

5 
13 

7 

1 

8 

5 
8 

26 
41 
15 
15 

17 
23 
8 
5 

13 
16 
9 
o 

1 

o 

4 
o 
o 

1 

1 

217 
320 
ISO 
183 
11 
21 

I,7fl7 
2,6iO 
1,079 
1,072 
?5 
51 

Lion                                  75 

1 

3 

1 

2 

., 

1 

1 

26 

27 

18 

26 

10 

13 

24 

21 

12 

5 

4 

4 

o 

270 

2  C*>5 

12 
25 
3 
11 

12 
20 

11 
19 
1 
13 

15 
1 
7 

8 
10 

5 

9 

11 
24 

3 

13 

0 

9 

1 

7 

0 

4 

1 
4 

90 

8 
125 
1 

O-l 

r,;.-. 

2,017 
18 
2,107 

1 

8 

3 

3 

1 

0 

17 

7 

6 

6 

4 

7 

o 

Mavei'ic                               1 

5 

o 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

V 

34 

o 

27 
54 
29 
12 
13 
7 
2 
79 
14 
45 

31 

2 
14 
43 
26 
13 
10 
5 
3 
46 
3 
29 

28 
1 
23 
32 
14 
11 
o 

1 
37 
5 
20 

20 

11 
25 
19 
7 
3 
1 
1 
24 
4 
24 

17 
1 
9 
14 
19 
4 
o 

8 
1 
25 
1 
17 

11 

11 

3 

24 

11 

4 

3 

1 

1 

239 
13 
232 
3S3 
251 
127 
52 
64 
29 
445 
70 
357 
4 
353 
4:) 
188 

1,542 
35 
2,811 
2,339 
1,800 
1,013 

393 
130 
3.05S 

*>>•"» 

4,  ];« 
4 
3,039 
234 
2,  S.'3 

8 
13 
10 
6 
3 
4 
2 
18 
3 
12 

10 
15 
5 
5 
3 
1 
2 
13 
3 
10 

6 
14 

4 
1 

30 
43 

29 
19 
1 
1 
4 
55 
3 
46 

19 
16 
12 
5 

20 
19 
5 
8 
1 

11 
3 
6 
1 

o 

G 

1 

1 

Xncogdoches  i)L 

0 

o 

1 
2 

1 

Orm  c                               18 

3 

1 

1 
18 

3 

1 

0 

20 

o 

12 

13           9 

1 

2 

28        22 

7 

8 

1 

Presidio                               4 

31 

10 
18 

34 
1 
14 

34 
6 

10 

26 

o 

8 

19 
1 

7 

20 
1 
5 

12 

14 

40 

23 

19 

o 

4 

7 

2 

4 

5 

30 

18 

17 

5 

9 

1 

1 

2 

Uiwk                                130 

65 

1C 
]8 
9 
4 

69 
13 
13 

5 
5 

66 
15 
6 
3 

a 

63 
14 
12 

3 

37 
8 
11 
4 

39 
4 

13 
1 

1 

26 
8 
3 

27 
7 
o 

89 
10 
13 
1 

45 
10 
13 

45 
4 
8 

18 
2 
8 

3 
3 
6 

4 
1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

1 

.... 

734 

133 
Ml 
36 
20 

G,  I'M 
1,  1M 
1,717 
95 
&> 

Sail  Augustine  -      16 

1 

1 

1 

31 

242 


TEXAS. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


127 
128 
129 

130 
131 
132 
133 
134 
135 
136 
137 
138 
139 
140 
141 
142 
143 
144 
145 
14(5 
147 
148 
149 
150 
151 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

2  slaves. 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

G  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

irf 

•S 

3 

•3 

§ 

0 

15  and  under  20. 

8 
h 

V 
T3 

q 

o 
ct 

o 
i" 

h 

13 

S 

s 

*3 

o 
1 

ider  100. 

8 

Si 

rs 

a 

200  and  under  300. 

300  and  tinder  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

t 

V 

~o 

z 

C3 

"o 
H 

Total  slaves. 

30  and  u: 

40  and  u 

50  and  u 

70  and  ui 

100  and  v 

1 

1 
2C8 
575 
6 

9 
1,476 
4,  E82 
6 
850 

Shelby 

32 

109 
6 

38 
69 

19 
63 

11 
44 

10 
28 

15 

29 

15 
28 

10 
20 

12 
25 

18 
59 

15 
35 

B 
31 

4 

19 

1 
10 

5 

1 

1 

Throckmorton*  

84 
83 
33 
49 
96 
2 

47 
73 
16 
35 

57 

42 
43 
23 
20 
44 
1 

30 
31 

17 
14 
40 

20 
25 
10 
10 
31 

15 
22 
7 
13 
27 

17 
10 
6 
8 
21 
1 

16 
14 
3 
6 
18 

9 
16 
o 

4 
15 

43 
50 
10 
17 
53 

6 
23 
11 
7 
33 

14 
22 
5 
10 
27 

7 

7 
1 
4 
16 

1 

1 
5 

352 
425 
145 
197 
480 
4 
75 
184 
37G 
627 

2,  433 
3,  13U 
959 
1,148 
3,794 
27 
322 
1,413 
4,  135 
7,941 

1 
1 

Tyler 

... 

1 

1 

24 
29 
70 
94 

14 

18 
42 
60 

8 
20 
33 
37 

12 
21 
25 
40 

o 
14 
25 
40 

o 
14 
23 
22 

3 
10 
18 
31 

3 
8 
12 
30 

2 
9 
4 
20 

3 
18 
40 
71 

1 

i         , 

7 
25 
57 

6 
28 
58 

5 
8 
34 

5 
8 
15 

Walker  

8 
8 

6 
6 

i 

4 

Webb*       

Wharton  

10 
42 
20 
59 
8 

5 
39 
13 
22 
6 

6 
18 
8 
18 

5 
21 
3 
14 
5 

10 
11 
2 
10 
2 

9 
8 
4 
16 

4 

6 
3 
10 
o. 

2 
6 

3 
5 

18 
15 

10 
7 

20 
1 

6 
2 

6 

6 

4 

4 

128 
181 
53 
180 
20 

2,734 
891 
128 
1,CC5 
92 

Wiso  - 

Wood  

3 

5 
2 

16 

1 

4 

6 

2 

1 

Zavola+  

Total 

1 

I 

52 

2 

4,593 

2,874 

2,093 

1,782 

1.439 

1,125 

928 

790 

668 

2,237 

1,186 

1,095 

491 

241 

194 

88 

21,  878 

182,  566 

*  No  return. 


f  Estimated. 


J  No  slaves. 


VIRGINIA. 


243 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 
8 

:i 
i 
.•i 
ii 
7 
l 
" 
10 

11 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
80 
31 
83 
83 
84 
85 
86 
87 
88 
99 
30 
31 
33 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
43 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
53 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
63 
63 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

1 

c* 

3  slaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  slaves. 

6  slnves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slpves. 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

20  nnd  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  aud  under  50. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

1  100  and  under  200. 

200  nnd  under  300. 

300  and  under  500. 

SCOnndunder  1,000. 

1.000  nnd  over. 

Totnl  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

250 
289 
52 
38 
77 
116 
88 
14!) 
18 
25 
222 
69 
5 
55 
9 
8 
145 

105 
140 
69 
23 
33 
77 
55 
114 
8 
13 
128 
55 
8 
41 
4 
3 
87 
1 
63 
19 
1 
214 
58 
18 
1 

76 
70 
39 
12 

63 
30 
71 
8 
10 
102 
33 
5 
20 
1 

73 

G7 
81 
27 
11 
37 
51 
41 
79 
4 
12 
86 
41 
6 
26 
1 
1 
42 

47 
70 
oo 

8 
28 
30 
38 
58 
o 

4 
70 
27 
4 
29 
3 

34 
63 
13 
4 
26 
49 
33 
63 

38 
54 
11 
5 
22 
32 
32 
39 

32 

48 
:, 
i 
20 
26 
16 
34 

20 
36 
o 

4 

29 
21 
27 
43 

59 
171 
4 
18 
56 
80 
64 
90 
1 

20 
83 
3 
3 
41 
59 
37 
41 

20 
91 
3 
4 
50 
39 
25 
19 

I 
42 

1 
17 
1 

773 
1,306 
251 
134 
536 
•     . 
520 

en 

41 
115 
7,129 
333 
36 
332 
26 

772 
3 
718 
84 
3 
1,  705 
725 
82 
3 
191 
009 
806 
314 
130 
611 
452 
1,826 
17 
277 
398 
529 
933 
63 
125 
521 
996 
406 
20 
Hi 
487 
537 
124 
207 
268 
00} 

4,307 
13,916 
1,386 
900 
7,  055 
6,278 
4,600 
5,  010 
93 
946 
10,  17<! 
1,630 
158 
2,769 
104 
18 
9,140 
30 
8,811 
303 
9 
11,580 
10,672 
262 
21 
2,  947 
9,  238 
8,354 
3,375 
420 
6,075 
6,705 
12,  774 
34 
2,417 
6,096 
3,116 
10,435 
271 
475 
4,994 
6,351 
2,259 
52 
778 
5,  736 
6,139 
547 
1,  525 
4,107 

23 

7 

3 

28 
20 
13 
2 

19 
7 
9 
3 

3 
1 

6 
5 
2 

3 

1 

Apponmttox.  

Math      

8 
48 
23 
3 
oo 

4 

2 
57 
16 

8 
53 
10 

3 
34 

11 
1 
12 
2 

11 
142 
30 
3 
32 
2 

C 
77 
9 
1 
23 

8 
61 

2 

3 

1 

1 
14 

1 

Bedford  

7 

3 

l 

19 

11 

17 

12 

2 

1 

1 

45 

42 
1 

26 

26 

12 

87 

58 

00 
1 
03 
1 

24 

15 

9 

12 

2 

1 

100 
25 
1 
643 
87 
31 

50 
12 

50 
5 

31 

8 

22 
1 

31 
4 

33 
3 

22 
3 

104 

1 

03 
1 

32 

20 

15 

7 

2 

Cabcll  

151 
48 
10 

110 
47 
5 
1 

90 
36 
5 

76 
30 
3 

63 
31 
2 

41 
32 

43 
30 

105 
100 
3 
1 

61 

61 
1 

59 
85 

23 
37 

10 
12 

7 
17 

8 
10 

1 
3 

1 

Carroll 

Clay 

Charles  Citv  

26 
70 
163 
63 
62 
73 
40 
703 
7 
61 
45 
151 
110 
10 
37 
80 
274 
105 
8 
39 
08 
99 
36 
61 
23 
37 
121 
61 

15 
43 
67 
26 
23 
46 
3!) 
207 
7 
34 
88 
50 
84 
9 
37 
55 
131 
56 
3 
28 
53 
67 
21 
32 
33 
21 
90 
46 

18 
50 
05 
26 
10 
57 
20 
124 
1 
25 
26 
60 
66 
9 
11 
36 
71 
53 
5 
17 
38 
40 
14 
22 
27 
18 
67 
27 

10 
25 
52 
10 
7 
42 
14 
98 
1 
10 
28 
38 
64 
5 
4 
47 
73 
32 
1 
9 
3« 
37 
12 
27 
9 
10 
50 
13 

9 
29 
50 
26 
5 
34 
13 
93 

8 
36 
47 
18 
5 
31 
18 
76 

12 
35 

47 
11 
5 
38 
28 
73 

5 
21 
31 
14 
1 
32 
26 
49 

9 
27 
25 
17 

28 
22 
35 

28 
88 
123 
50 
G 
93 
GO 
149 

14 
42 
40 
32 
o 

52 
43 
91 

14 

58 
47 
20 
1 
52 
59 
77 

8 
4! 

8 

0 

18 

4 

3 

10 
4 
1 

3 
3 
4 

2 

3 

1 
1 
1 

Charlotte  

Clarko.             .   . 

16 
31 

26 

8 
10 
11 

3 
10 
12 

4 
4 

2 

Doddridge 

Elizabeth  City  

10 
15 
37 

5 

9 
28 
52 
20 
2 
9 
37 
20 
7 
34 
12 
13 
64 
17 

11 

17 
37 

71 

14 
16 
19 
57 
1 
4 
35 
35 
17 

10 

in 

26 
43 
5 
4 
32 
40 
10 

10 
15 
11 
43 
3 
o 

28 
28 
12 
1 
5 
15 
11 
6 
12 
11 
10 
40 
6 

34 
57 
51 
137 
6 
7 
55 
107 
33 

30 
20 
61 
1 
3 
32 
54 
21 

17 
48 
15 

71 

10 
17 
3 
29 

3 
15 
o 

13 

2 
15 

2 
7 

4 

1 

Fairfax  

11 

3 

Fayctto  

Floyd  

6 
33 
69 
23 

1 
34 
34 
14 

11 
13 

1 

1 
7 

3 
3 

3 

. 

1 

Franklin  

Giles  

3 
35 

29 
7 
22 
10 
20 
50 
12 

6 
21 
32 
4 
10 
7 
13 
43 
11 

7 
22 
19 

G 

7 
10 
50 
15 

7 
51 
71 
10 
25 
20 
32 
130 
26 

8 
32 
34 
3 
10 
21 
15 
76 
5 

7 
35 
22 

o 

2 
34 

10 
117 
5 

Gloucester  

£ 

11 
4 

10 
12 

9 
5 

I 
5 

Gravaon  

3 

18 
3 

58 

1 

Greenville  

12 
3 
15 

4 
1 
22 

4 

1 

Greene  

Halifax  

15 

8 

1,051 
2-14 

14,  S97 
1,213 

1*073 
9,483 
53J 

5,013 
402 
3,  .-.70 

Hampshire  

Hancock  

Hardy  

31 
137 
56 
670 
71 
39 
183 
8 
32 

18 
110 
26 
369 
52 
25 
54 
10 
16 

14 

82 
15 
264 
30 
15 
34 
4 
26 

13 
55 
11 
199 
37 
7 
38 
1 
21 

11 
55 
15 
1G7 
23 
G 
36 

si 

9 
48 
8 
118 
24 
5 
21 

1 
11 

7 
38 
11 
116 
29 
8 
82 

1 
10 

4 

46 
o 

60 
8 
5 
16 

10 
43 
5 
Gl 
11 
1 
16 

21 
92 
8 
172 
40 
4 
48 

72 
2 
47 
33 

6 
05 

1 
29 

157 
: 
159 
2,339 
42S 
116 
470 
25 
230 

Hanover  

13 

12 

4 

Harrison  

Henrieo  

43 
20 
1 

17 
13 

10 
6 

13 
9 

2 
2 

1 
5 

1 

Highland  

We  of  Wight  

30 

34 

6          1 

1 

1 

Jjinies  City  

12 

7 

29 

22  1       15           6           1 



1 

214 


VIRGINIA. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
7? 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

i 

> 

CJ 

r? 

4  slaves. 

"x 

<o 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  15. 

15  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

o 

8 

g 
c* 

g 

P 

1 

i 

K 

Total  slaves. 

50  and  under 

70  and  under 

100  and  undei 

1  200  anil  under 

|  300  and  undei 

I  500  and  under 

1,000  and  ovei 

Total  ilavcbo 

Jefferson  

119 
55 
47 
37 
39 
40 
35 
20 
11 
124 
90 
66 
71 
6 
]8 
14 
87 

98 
33 
29 
31 
24 

10 

r, 
84 

57 
38 
35 
4 

fi 

52 

73 
33 
30 
33 
22 
17 
10 
9 
7 
61 
51 
39 
34 
1 

8 

57 
14 
20 
30 
25 
19 
7 
5 
5 
83 
45 
39 
39 
3 
4 
3 

38 
23 
40 
19 

14 

10 
7 

0 

46 
38 

27 
19 

33 
18 
14 
38 
19 
8 
15 

25 
14 
10 
14 
17 
11 
9 
4 

28 
7 
8 
18 
14 
13 
2 

22 
13 
10 

14 
14 

4 
3 
1 

34 
23 
2G 

68 
17 
36 
GO 
44 
33 
11 
1 
1 
80 
108 
73 
62 

23 
10 
21 
31 

45 

11 

14 
14 

50 
30 
23 
o 

1 

o 

7 
10 
35 
23 

11 
1 

1 
1 
4 

14 
5 
1 

4 
9 
8 
3 
3 

1 
o 

3 

4 

2 

634 

263 
•  tl-1 

3,060 
2,184 
3  G73 

Ki::g  George  

1 
1 
5 

King  !ii]d  Queen  .  . 
King  "William  

449 
366 
25!) 
151 
GO 
40 
670 
763 
545 
455 
14 
33 
70 
38B 

C,  139 

2,809 
834 
230 
148 
5,501 
10,  194 
7,  305 
4,397 
20 
63 
37G 
3,  008 

Lro  

3 
39 

28 
30 
21 

o 
35 
31 
21 
30 

2 
27 
43 
12 
33 

30 
69 
51 
29 

23 
86 
69 
36 

4 
45 
34 
11 

4 
10 
15 
2 

1 
10 
6 

7 

1 

74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
84 
83 
86 
87 
88 
89 
90 
91 
92 
93 
94 
95 
96 

98 

".' 
• 
01 

i 

••• 
' 
., 

07 

- 
.1 
> 
11 
12 
:; 
! 
5 
1C 
., 

11 
iO 

.: 

., 
34 
25 

8 

1 

Lunenburg  

1 

Marshall  

1 
14 
29 

5 
31 

0 

25 

3 

10 

1 
11 

12 
43 

1 
16 

1 
21 

Matlheu-s  

C 

3 

3 

1 

1 

McDowell*  .. 

Mecklenburg  

77 
17 
21 
55 
15 
60 
11 
95 
77 
18 
16 
467 
67 
125 
38 
20 
57 
53 
93 
• 
232 
1 
19 
50 
7 
51 
40 
44 
71 
25 
26 
8 
17 
69 
45 
104 
G 
8 
48 
90 
SO 
51 
41 

62 

. 

76 
5 
18 
31 
9 
33 
3 
05 
59 
25 
8 
224 
33 
55 
30 
11 
34 
28 
40 
6 
i:  i 

10 
31 
4 
50 
13 
35 
85 
18 
8 
4 
16 
34 
31 
03 

0 

19 

25 
21 

17 

43 
8 
14 
31 

3 
14 
4 

52 

48 

8 
129 
40 
38 
17 
5 
25 

32 
5 
121 

52 
7 
17 
31 
G 
22 

47 
53 
22 
4 
120 
27 
40 
23 
1 
29 
13 
15 

124 

49 
4 
14 
27 
1 
8 
4 
35 
34 
20 

0 

91 
35 
17 
23 
3 
21 
13 
24 
:; 
87 

o 

28 
3 
16 
33 
1 
9 
I 
39 
28 
13 
3 
82 
25 
13 
20 
1 
28 
13 
20 
4 
79 

32 
G 
14 
13 

25 
5 
4 

7 

39 
1 
4 
13 

98 
6 
28 
22 
o 

61 
1 
15 

11 

80 
3 

14 

11 

38 

21 

20 

10 

10 

1 

760 

CG 
204 

283 
37 
196 
30 
619 

12,  420 
3G2 
2,375 
3,  219 
101 
1,  114 
94 
5,  481 
G  238 

Middlesex  

12 
4 

4 

6 
1 

1 

Monroe  

9 

7 

7 

11 

5 

G 

2 

2 

1 

Nansemond  
Nelson  

34 
30 
20 

30 
17 
18 
1 
47 
11 
7 
14 

26 
24 
9 
1 
48 
14 
11 
12 
1 
20 
4 
18 
3 
51 

81 
64 
43 
3 
103 
49 
2b 
45 
1 
76 
18 
31 
o 

153 

51 
34 
32 

42 
39 
23 

13 

20 
9 

4 
10 
1 

5 
8 
4 

1 
5 
3 

4 
1 

New  Kent  

291 
40 
1,401 
400 
401 
375 
43 
480 
177 
318 
53 
1,413 
5 
01 
375 
20 
583 
341 
273 
50G 
157 
93 
21 
5G 
398 
259 
420 
12 
23 
259 
5G9 
171 
J27 
117 
218 
491 

3,374 
154 
9,  004 
3,872 
3.439 
6,468 
100 
6,  111 
850 
2,070 
244 
14,  340 
15 
253 
5,403 
67 
7,341 
4,997 
2,336 
3,  18G 
1,589 
580 
57 
183 
3,520 
2,466 
2,  387 
38 

2,  643 
3,  C85 
1,  099 
490 
753 
1,  0:17 
5.41)8 

48 
16 
10 
26 

53 
37 
19 
33 

31 
33 
21 
31 

1G 
9 
8 
18 

o 
3 
6 
19 

2 

Northumplon  
Northumberland  ... 

1 
o 

11 

1 
2 
2 

1 
14 

Ohio  .. 

7 
9 
5 
•64 

20 
4 
12 

1 
68 

53 
3 
6 
o 

119 

44 

28 
1 

10 

9 

2 

1 

Page  

Patrick  

10 
1 
103 

o 

o 

3 

1 

Pittsylvauia 

31 

25 

OO 

7 

1 

10 
33 

1 
34 
27 
31 

59 

12 
o 

7 
30 
29 
49 

o 
19 
58 
18 
14 
9 
33 
a:l 

4 

23 

o 

31 
19 
25 

55 

G 
5 
3 
32 
20 
40 
1 
4 
22 
44 
14 
6 
13 
21 
:tl 

25 
1 
32 
°3 
15 
43 
10 
5 
1 
o 

28 
17 
26 
1 
3 
20 
44 
9 

a 

G 

11 

4 
21 

Powhatan'.  . 

14 
4 
26 
19 
12 
20 

G 

15 
1 
24 
13 
11 
15 
9 
4 

15 

40 

33 

40 

13 

9 

8 

o 

1 

1 

Prinee  1-Mward  
Prince  George  
Prince  William  
PriiH-esH  Anne  
Pnlaski 

31 
17 
19 

36 
11 
3 

21 
13 
13 
27 
4 
6 
1 

11 
5 
13 
1 

107 
51) 
35 
53 

11 

57 
36 
11 

9 
o 

Gl 
28 
13 
14 
9 

35 
19 
5 
5 
5 

13 
4 
1 

4 
6 

o 

o 
5 

1 

•1 

1 
1 

4 
1 

2 

Ilult-igli  

3 

24 
15 

3 

7 
16 

1 

22 
8 
17 

1 
50 
30 
44 
1 

] 
31 
17 
13 

Itappahannock  .... 

2G 

21 
9 

8 
4 
2 

3 
5 
1 

o 
3 

1 

0 

1 

Ritcblo 

1 
14 
47 
15 
5 
5 
13 

1 
12 
32 
9 
5 
8 
13 
:u 

o 
9 
31 

G 

3 

7 

13 

28 
7 
1 

4 
19 

29 
G5 
12 
9 
5 
14 
*;n 

20 
24 
7 
3 
4 
0 
'»H 

20 
16 
11 

1 
o 

3 

39 

7 
3 
2 

1 
2 

3 
G 

o 

1 

1 

Uu«sell 

Sbenondoah  

!) 

1 

<l 

6 

4 

4 

VIRGINIA. 


245 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


127 
128 
129 
130 
131 
132 
133 
131 
135 
130 
137 
138 

1:19 

140 
141 
142 
143 
111 
M5 
110 
147 
148 

COUNTIES. 

KUMBF.lt  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

\ 

13 

ci 

rf 

t 

•' 
O 

S 

e: 

s 

•*• 
a 

8  slaves. 

i' 

B 

g 

*uo 
0 

9 

•a 

o 
el 

nder  30. 

nder  40. 

nder  50. 

o 

1 

nder  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

200  and  under  300. 

300  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

10  and  u 

15  and  u 

20  nud  u 

30  and  u 

40  and  u 

30  and  u 

70  and  u 

n 

•* 

o 

0 

t- 

Spottsylvania  .  .. 

341 

255 
28 
53 

1 
3 

21 
11 
57 
81 
9 

113 
C9 
14 

10 
33 

4 
7 
10 
26 
35 
9 

76 

47 
6 
24 
3 

O-) 

03 
38 
11 
28 
.4 
1!) 

50 
33 

17 
22 
3 
21 

58 
25 
14 
22 
o 

10 

30 

28 
3 

15 

31 
20 
9 
13 

10 
13 

8 
18 

101 
41 
23 
66 

1 

1!) 

50 
21 
17 
35 

38 
18 
19 

23 
4 

7 
20 

14 
4 
8 
9 

8 
4 

13 

5 
1 
3 
3 

2 

1,031 
631 

7,780 
3  314 

3 

188 
428 
47 
223 

2,515 
0,384 
113 
1,202 

8 

11 

8 

1 

10 

7 

, 

5 

51 
91 
221) 
3fcO 
37 
1 

0 
01 
11 
13 

0 
271 
S20 

20 
18 
212 
1,019 
1,575 
2,547 
143 
3 
3,  704 
10 

33 

60 
04 
2,  1(12 
1,925 

| 

7 
9 
17 
S3 
4 
1 
25 
1 
5 
1 
1 

3 

0 
15 
32 
3 

4 
4 
10 
33 
5 

2 
4 
17 
21 

4 

11 
1C 
£8 

1 
7 
13 

10 

1 

7 
8 
11 

3 
5 
4 

I 

2 

Warwick  

3 

10 
19 
1 

1 

15 
2 

33 

31 
2 

1 

Washington  

3 

1 

' 

Westmoreland.  .. 

118 
3 
33 
0 
4 
1 
51 
37 

30 

12 
o 

I 

16 

21 

14 

12 

8 

10 

41 

2° 

31 

14 

8 

4 

1 

2 

6 

1 
1 

o 

- 

1 

0 

1 

1 

o 
1 

1 

1 

1 

30 
38 

28 
13 

20 
17 

20 
16 

15 
10 

10 
8 

10 
10 

10 
7 

27 
22 

O-1 

13 

13 

13 

7 
3 

3 

o 

3 

Total  

11,085 

5,989 

4,474 

3,807 

3,233 

2,824 

2,393 

1,984 

1,788 

5,686 

3,088 

3,017 

1,291 

009 

503 

243 

105 

8 

1 

52,128 

490,  803 

*  No  slaves. 


246 


TERRITORIES. 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 

OF    C  O  I.  U  .71  B  B  A  . 


NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

DISTRICT. 

. 

. 

s 

o 

0 

c- 

8 

8 

CI 

. 

s 

p' 

§ 

i 

Jj 

u 

w 

M 

h 

u 

w 

^ 

^ 

8; 

O 

. 

'O 

o 

0 

o 

t 

J 

o 

jj 

3 

o 

gj 

g 

*J 

« 

5 

-a 

a 

"   1   c 

"    '    rt 

i 

d 

a 

a 

rt 

^ 

n 

0 

S 

rt 

c 

R 

g 

S 

g 

q 

3 

§       5 

1 

5 

3  i  S 

•g 

19 

- 

Cl 

£ 

« 

0 

0      i     <- 

CO 

oa 

0 

s 

a 

g 

o 

o 
o 

g 

8 

8 

1 

° 

o 

H 

o    • 

1 

119 

41 

]0 

12 

1 

0 

Washington  City  .  . 

500 

1C4 

71 

40 

25 

21 

9 

5 

3 

G 

Remainder  of  Dist.. 

20 

CO 

10 

10 

1C 

9 

9 

3 

G 

4 
10 

6 

0 

1 

Total  

C54 

0.1- 

112 

7ft 

53 

31 

°4 

12 

11 

"0 

1 

1 

NEBRASKA. 

1 
2 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

o 
rt 

a! 

p 

r. 
ct 

3  slaves. 

s 

d 

LI 

m 

o 

7  tlaves. 

8  slaves. 

0  slaves. 
10  and  undor  15. 

8 
a 

3 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  HO. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  ICO. 

100  nnd  under  200. 

u 

SJ 

•a 

a 

•a 

1  300  and  under  500. 

1  DCOi'iid  under  1,000. 

1.000  and  over. 

i 

"o 
H 

Total  slaves. 

1 

2 

3 
3 

5 

10 

Otto  

1 

Total  

i 

1 

4 

1 

| 

B 

15 

i 

I 

UTAH. 


1 

2 

COUNTIES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AXD  SLAVES. 

1  slave. 

2  ylavca. 

3  tlaves. 

4  slaves. 

5  Rlavcs. 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

LT 

8 

§ 

c" 

T 

S 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

1  100  and  under  200. 

200  and  under  300. 

1  300  and  under  500. 

I  500  and  under  1,000. 

|  1,000  and  over. 

Total  slaveholders. 

Total  slaves. 

10  and  unde 

15  and  undc 

20  and  unde 

30  and  undc 

•o 

n 

•a 
a 
a 

0 

Davis 

. 

1 

1 

11 

10 
19 

Salt  Lake  

8 

2 

1 

Total* 



8 

S 

1 

1 

12 

20 

RECAPITULATION  — I860. 


247 


SLAVEHOLDERS    AND    SLAVES. 


1 

g 
3 
4 
8 
G 
7 
8 
0 
•10 
11 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 

1 
S 
3 

STATES. 

• 

Kl'MBEU  OP  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

d 

\ 

^H 

2  slaves. 

3  slaves. 

J3 
* 

5  slaves. 

6  slaves. 

7  slaves. 

8  slaves. 

9  slaves. 

10  and  under  13. 

15  and  under  20. 

5,607 
281 

2:17 
863 

6,713 
9,306 

4,  ore 

4,  111) 
4,85fi 
6,  893 
6,440 
3,  7(>3 
7,820 
4,  593 
11,085 

3,663 
173 

114 
508 
4,335 

2,805 
117 
74 
437 
3,482 

2,329 
88 
51 
303 
2,984 

1,986 
09 
34 
285 
2,543 

1,  729 
70 
19 
270 
2,213 

1,411 
. 
15 
225 
1,839 

1,227 
52 
10 
180 
1,647 

1,036 
41 
8 
109 
1,415 

3,742 
99 
17 

6-J7 
4,707 

2,164 
4.1 

8 

S.823 

Florida             

* 

5,430 
2,573 
1,952 
3,201 
3,754 
4,017 
2,533 
4,738 
2,871 
5,  989 

4,009 
2,034 
1,279 
2,503 
2,773 
3,008 
1,990 
3,609 
2,093 
4,474 

3,281 
1,530 
1,023 
2,  12» 
2,  243 
2,546 
1,731 
3,012 
1,782 
3,807 

2,094 
1,310 
815 
1,80!) 
1,686 
2,  245 
1,541 
2,536 
1,439 
3,233 

2,293 
1,103 

ecu 

1,585 

1,384 
1,887 
1,306 
2,000 
1,  125 
2,824 

1,  951 
£58 
5-M 
,303 
,130 
,019 
,207 
,783 
928 
2,  393 

1,582 
771 
416 
1,149 

877 
1,470 
1,  093 
1,  563 
791 
1,  981 

l,27:i 

609 
380 
1,024 
610 
1,228 
973 
1,260 
007 
1,788 

3,  091 
2,  C65 
1.173 
3,4:» 
1,7:14 
4,  1144 
3,334 
3,779 
2,237 
5,086 

1,580 
1,157 
543 
2,  057 
60S 
2,009 
1,676 
1,741 
],18G 
3.C88 

Virginia                               

70,  070 

4,->,  034 

34,  747 

28,  907 

24,223 

20,000 

17,  235 

14,  832 

12,511 

40,367 

21,315 

TERRITORIES. 

634 

1 
8 

225 
4 
o 

112 

72 

53 

31 

1 

24 

12 

11 

7 

1 

1 

6C3 

231 

112 

72 

53 

32 

23 

12 

11 

21 

7 

77,  333 

40,  105 

31,  859 

28,  979 

24,  278 

20,632 

17,260 

14,  801 

12,522 

40,  288 

SLAVEHOLDERS   AND    SLAVES  — Continued. 


1 
9 
3 
4 
S 
6 
7 
B 
9 
10 
11 
11 
13 
14 
15 
16 

1 
g 

3 

STATES. 

NUMBER  OF  SLAVEHOLDERS  AND  SLAVES. 

20  and  under  30. 

30  and  under  40. 

40  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  70. 

70  and  under  100. 

100  and:  render  200. 

200  and  under  300. 

300  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Aggrepnte  holders 
of  slaves. 

Tutal  No.  of  slaves. 

2,323 
35 

1,253 
13 

768 
8 

791 
0 

550 
4 

312 

24 

10 

33,  730 
1,149 
587 
5,  152 
41,  084 
o 

38,643 
22,033 
13  783 

435,080 
111,115 
1,798. 
61,  745 
462,  198 
2 
223,  483 
331,726 
87,189 
436,  631 
114,931 
331,  059 
402,  406 
275,  719 
182,  56fi 
490,  863 

333 
3,910 

171 
1,400 

99 
739 

110 

'     729 

42 

373 

45 

181 

2 
23 

7 

1 

1,093 
1,241 
487 
2,322 
349 
1  977 

296 
695 
179 
1,143 
120 
870 
1,083 
64i! 
491 
1,291 

96 
413 
81 
755 
33 
474 
57!) 
284 
241 
609 

51 
'      SCO 
75 
814 
26 
4i>3 
<      710 
Sli9 
194 
S  3 

12 
469 
24 
545 
8 
188 
487 
110 
88 
243 

6 

460 
15 
279 
4 
118 
303 
40 
52 
105 

1 
63 

28 

20 
1 
8 

4 

1 

30,943 
24,  320 
34,658 
20,  701 
36,  844 
21,  878 
52,128 

11 
50 
0 
2 

8 

4 

22 
1 

1,984 
1,623 
1,095 
3,017 

7 

1 

1 

20,  789 

9,648 

5,179 

5,217 

3,149 

1,980 

224 

74 

13 

1 

383,  637  |      3,  950,  513 

TERRITORIES. 

7 

1 

1,229 
0 
12 

3,185 
15 
29 

Utah                              

' 

1 

1,247 

3,229 

80,796 

9,648 

5,  179 

5,218 

3,149 

1,980 

224 

74 

13 

1 

384,884 

*3,  S33,  742 

1  Exclusive  of  18  colored  apprentices  for  life,  (in  the  State  of  New  Jersey,)  by  the  act  to  abolish  slavery,  pasied  April  18,  1846. 


248 


RECAPITULATION  — 1850. 


SLAVEHOLDERS. 


1 

JJ 

3 
4 

5 
6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
L] 
13 
13 
14 
15 
16 

STATES. 

NUMBER  OP  OWXKRS  OF— 

1  'slave. 

2  and  under  5. 

5  and  under  10. 

10  and  under  20. 

20  and  under  50. 

50  and  under  100. 

100  and  under  200. 

200  and  under  300. 

300  and  under  500. 

500  and  under  1,000. 

1,000  and  over. 

Aggregate  holders  of 
slaves. 

5,201 
1,383 
320 
609 
0,554 
9,244 
4,  7H7 
4,  825 
3,  (5-10 
5,  7C3 
1,204 
3,402 

7,  me 

1,935 
11,385 

700 

7,737 
1,  951 
352 
991 
11,710 
13,284 
(5,072 
5,331 
(5,228 
6,878 
9,008 
0,  101 
10,582 
2,040 
15,550 
539 

(5,572 
l,3Go 
117 
759 
7,701 
9,  579 
4,327 
3,327 
5,143 
4,370 
8,129 
0,311 
8,  314 
1,585 
13,  030 
130 

5,007 
768 

20 
588 
6,  490 
5,  022 
2,032 
1,822 
4,015 
1,610 
5,  898 
4,  955 
4,852 
1,121 
9,  450 
39 

3.E24 
383 

057 
109 

210 
19 

10 

2 

SCO 
3,  TOO 
38,  450 
38,  385 
20,  070 
10,010 
23,110 
19,  1S5 
28,  303 
£5,  590 
33,804 
7,  717 
55,  003 
1,477 

319 

5,  o.-,n 

1,198 
1,  771 
C55 
2,904 
315 
2,838 
3,200 
2,202 
374 
4,680 
o 

104 
704 
53 
728 
73 
910 
19 
485 
990 
270 
82 
G4G 
1 

29 
147 
5 
274 
7 
189 

1 
4 

22 

o 

30 

6 
1 

8 

4 

18 
1 
12 
C9 
2 
1 
8 

1 

70 
383 
19 
9 

107 

3 

29 
1 

2 

o 

Texas  

1 

Total  

08,820 

105,  (5H3 

80,7(55 

54,  595 

29,733 

6,196 

1,479 

187 

50 

9 

2 

347,  525 

INDEX. 


PllBFACE    AND   INTRODUCTION. 

AGRICULTURE:  PACK. 

Influence  of  railroads  upon rLXIv 

number  of  horses  employed  in CLXV 

agricultural  associations,  societies,  history  of xm 

agricultural  products  by  States  and  Territories,  for  1850  and  I860,  compared  with  population,  tables  of cxxix 

agricultural  products,  demand  for,  increased  by  manufactures  in  the  west %ML 

great  want  in  American  agriculture  which  occupies  the  place  of  the  turnip  in  the  English  system  of  rotation  . . .  LXXVII 

charlatans  contrasted  with  real  benefactors  in iv 

farmers,  interests  of,  not  promoted  by  government in 

farmers  desiring  government  to  abstain  from  legislation  relative  to I  v 

home  consumption,  how  increased in 

homestead  free,  by  act  of  Congress vui 

home  market,  attractive,  popular,  and  honorable  in in 

importance  of,  as  a  recourse  for  wealth 1 1 1 

increase  of  demand  stimulating  husbandmen  to  efforts  in in 

laws,  application  of,  not  beneficial  to Ml 

laws,  political  effect  of in 

prosperity  of,  in  proportion  to  increase  of  population in 

policy  best  to  pursue  in I  v 

policy,  present,  to  promote,  (loss  of  time  and  disappointment) iv 

relation  of  product-  to  /oreign  markets  in in 

short  roads  to  fortune  avoided  by  people  engaged  in   iv 

supply  at  home,  foreign  demand  for  agricultural  products in 

saving  to  government  by  institution  illustrating  character  of  trees  and  plants   v 

in  the  United  States vm-x 

implements  of  agriculture  in  use,  value  of  table  of x 

labor-saving  appliances  useful  in XI 

labor  in  United  States,  scarcity  of xn 

war,  effect  on  agriculture xi.m 

drill-husbandry,  profit  of,  demonstrated  by  John  Wynn  Baker xm 

number  of  patented  invcni ions  for,  previous  to  1848 xn 

mechanical  inventions  stimulated  by  high  price  of  labor  in x  I 

BARLEY  : 

produced  in  the  United  States  in  I860,  table  of LXVIII 

climate  better  adapted  to  production  of  wheat,  than  of LXVIII 

superior  in  England  to  any  other  country LXVIII 

total  crop  in  States  and  Territories  in  1860,  of ....  LXVIII 

raised  in  New  England  States  in,  I860  compared  with  1850 LXIX 

raised  in  Middle  States  in  I860,  compared  with  18/50 LXIX 

raised  in  Western  States  in  I860,  compared  with  1850 LXIX 

raised  in  Southern  States  in  I860,  compared  with  1850 i.xx 

raised  in  Pacific  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 LXX 

raised  in  United  States  in  1860  and  1850,  in  proportion  to  population LXX 

culture  of LXJU 

32 


250  INDEX. 

r/ioK- 

BEANS  AND  PEAS,  produced,  (sec  Peas  and  Beans) LXXIV 

BEESWAX cvm 

BEET  : 

climate  of  Southern  and  Western  States  favorable  to  growth  of  the ci 

leaves  and  pulp  of  the,  used  as  a  food  for  cattle ci-ci  v 

BEET  ROOT : 

cultivation  of en 

description  of en 

analysis  of,  by  Peligot cm 

table  of;  cost  of;  culture  of  in  France cm 

statistics  of,  in  France civ 

* 

comparison  of,  with  cane civ 

BUCKWHEAT  : 

produced  in  States  and  Territories  in  1860 LXXI 

total  production  of,  in  States  and  Territories,  from  1840  to  1860 ...    LXXII 

raised  in  New  England  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 LXXII 

raised  in  Middle  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 LXXII 

raised  in  Western  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 LXXIII 

raised  in  Southern  States  in  I860,  compared  with  1850 LXXIII 

raised  in  Pacific  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 LXXIII 

United  States,  1850  and  1860,  in  proportion  to  population LXXIV 

rapid  progress  of,  in  California LXXIV 

BUTTER  AND  CHEESE  : 

produced  in  States  and  Territories  in  I860   LXXXII 

made  in  New  England  States  in  I860,  compared  with  1850 , LXXXIII 

made  in  Middle  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 LXXXIII 

made  in  Western  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 LXXXIII 

made  in  Southern  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 LXXXIV 

made  in  Pacific  States  in  1860,  compared  with  1850 ...  LXXXIV 

United  States,  in  proportion  to  population LXXXV 

CALIFORNIA: 

cattle,  (horned,)  in CLXXI 

fruits,  vegetables,  and  wool,  of CLXXI 

sheep,  (Merino,)  in CLXXI 

sugar,  (cane,  Chinese,)  in CLXXI 

wool,  clip  of CLXXI 

grain-trade  of CLVIII 

CANALS: 

tonnage,  proportion  of,  in  1862   CLXVI 

tonnage,  different  routes,  proportion  of CLXVI 

CATTLE : 

experience  in,  in  Texas cxxxiv 

(English, )  first  introduction  of,  into  the  West cxxxn 

general  interest  in  improvement  of,  first  manifested  in  1832-'36 cxxxm 

manner  of  raising  or  breeding  of cxxxm 

western  trade  of '. cxxix 

disease  of,  in  this  country CXIX 

other,  (see  Live-stock) cxv 

CHEESE  AND  BUTTER,  (see  Butter  and  Cheese) LXXXII 

CINCINNATI,  shipments  from,  north  and  south,  for  four  years CLVIII 

for  1826,  1835,  1853,  and  1860,  prices  of  produce  in * CLXVIII 

CORN  : 

raised  in  United  States,  table  of XLVI 

production  of  wheat  compared  with XLVII 

production  of,  in  principal  corn-growing  States  in  1860,  1850,  and  1840 XLVII 

in  New  England  States  in  1860,  1850,  and  1840,  together  with  population XLVIII 

in  Middle  States  in  I860,  1850,  and  1840,  together  with  population XLVIII 

in  Soutlic.ru  States  in  1860,  1850,  and  1840,  together  with  population XLVIII 

in  Western  States  in  1860,  1850,  and  1840,  together  with  population XLIX 


INDEX.  251 

CollN — Continued:  r  A  r. r 

in  Pacific  States  in  I860,  1850,  and  1840,  together  with  population XLIX 

rapid  increase  of,  in  California L 

in  New  England,  Middle,  Western,  Southern,  and  Pacific  States  in  1800,  1850,  and  1840,  together  with  number 

of  inhabitants '• 

bushels  of  in  different  sections  United  States  to  each  inhabitant,  in  I860,  1850,  and  1840 L 

in  United  States  to  each  inhabitant,  I860,  1850,  and  1 840 i-i 

culture  of •  •  •  '•" 

COTTON : 

amount  of,  United  States,  in  1850  and   I860 xcni 

table  of,  amount  raised  in  different  States,  1850  and  18GO xny 

amount  of,  exported  from  United  States  in  1792 xxvi 

bow-string  operation  of xxvn 

cotton-gins,  history  of.    (See  Implements,  Agricultural)    .  .     xxvi 

DAIKY  PRODUCTS LXXXII 

DOMESTIC  ANIMALS.     (See  Live-stock) cvm,  fix 

EXPORTS  OF  FLOUR  ANI>  GRAIN  :  (see  Flour  and  Grain  :) 

from  United  States  to  foreign  countries  for  the  year  ending  June  30,  1862,  table  of cxxxvn,  cxxxviu 

from  United  States  to  foreign  countries  from  1790  to  1817,  table  of cxxxix 

from  New  York  to  foreign  countries 

from  Boston  to  foreign  countries 

from  Philadelphia  to  foreign  countries 

from  Baltimore  to  foreign  countries CXLII 

from  Portland  to  foreign  countries CXLII 

from  Montreal  for  three  years CL" 

from  New  Orleans  to  foreign  ports 

from  San  Francisco  to  foreign  countries 

of  grain,  flour,  and  meal  from  Russia,  1857  to  1862,  inclusive,  table  of fxi.ni 

of  breadstuffs  compared  to  total  domestic  exports 

FARMS : 

under  actual  cultivation  in  United  States,  value  of 

FLAX  : 

produced  in  States  and  Territories,  1850  and  1860 . LXXXIX 

iimouut  grown  in  New  England  States?,  1860,  compared  with  1850 

amount  grown  in  Midddle  States,  1860,  compared  with  1850 

amount  grown  in  Western  States,  1860,  compared  with  1850 

amount  grown  in  Southern  States,  1860,  compared  with  1850 

amount  grown  in  Pacific  States,  1860,  compared  with  1850 

in  different  sections  in  proportion  to  population,  in  1850  and  I860 

small  crop  of,  owing  to  scarcity  of  labor 

climate  of  Northern  States  adapted  to  growth  of Xc 

scarcity  of  cotton  increasing  culture  of 

improvement  in  machinery  for  dressing  fibre  of 

FLAX-SEKU  : 

produced  in  United  States  in  1860 

produced  in  States  and  Territories  in  1850  and  1860 

growth  of,  stimulated  by  high  price  of  linseed  oil 

oil-cake,  demand  in  England  for ;  al^o  food  for  cattle  and  sheep 

FLOUU  AND  GRAIN  : CXXXVU-C-LVIII 

received  at  Buffalo  for  twenty-eight  years CXIA  in 

received  at  Oswego  for  sixteen  years l  XL^ '" 

received  at  Toledo  for  five  years 

received  at  Montreal  for  three  years 

received  at  Cincinnati  for  eighteen  years 

received  at  St.  Louis  for  fourteen  years c  L\  I 

received  at  New  Orleans  for  thirty  one  years 

shipped  from  Mihvaukie  for  nineteen  years '  '• 

shipped  from  Chicago  for  twenty -six  years     

shipped  from  L-ike  Michigan  eastward  for  tux  years 


252  INDEX. 

FLOUH  AND  GUAIN — Continued  :  r\r,r.. 

movement  of,  from  west  to  east  for  eight  years ci.i 

(products  of  America)  exported  to  foreign  countries cxxxvi 

FOREST  TREES : 

preservation  of CLXIX 

as  a  protection  against  disease ct.xx 

neglect  of  beautiful  native CLXX 

GRAIN  TRADE  : 

of  the  United  States cxxx  v 

exportation  in cxxxvi 

exportation  in,  to  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  alone cxxxix 

in  its  infancy,  as  compared  with  Russia CXLIV 

internal CXLIV 

exportation,  compared  with  production,  United  States CXLIV 

of  the  St.  Lawrence  river ci.ii 

with  Europe  direct,  means  to  foster CLIV 

of  the  Mississippi CLV 

of  the  Upper  Mississippi CLVIII 

reciprocity  treaty,  and  the CLIV 

between  the  lakes  and  Europe CLIII 

first  shipment  of  grain  from  western  shore  of  Lake  Michigan cxi.vn 

first  shipment  of  grain  from  Wisconsin CXLVII 

Eric  canal,  new  era  in CXLV 

chief  commerce  of  colonists  before  the  Revolution CXL 

resources  of  lake-basin  developed  by  opening  of  Galena  and  Chicago  railroad  to  Fox  river,  in  1849 CXLVII 

all  kinds  of  grain,  total  receipts  of,  at  tide-water,  by  New  York  canals CXLVI 

wheat  and  flour,  total  receipts  of,  at  tide-water,  by  New  York  canals CXLVI 

Chicago,  shipments  of  grain  from Xi.H 

Gi! APES  :  varieties  of,  (see  Vineyards) CLXII 

HOMEY  : 

production  of,  United  States,  I860 cvm 

proportion  of,  to  beeswax cvm 

HOPS  : 

produced  in  United  States  in  1860 xcv 

HORSES: 

number  and  increase  of  in  last  twenty  years,  including  asses  and  mules CLXI  v 

employed  in  agriculture,  number  of CLXIV 

employed  in  the  five  great  States  of  the  west,  number  of CLXV 

diminished  in  number  and  importance  by  railroads CLXV 

IMPLEMENTS,  MACHINERY,  &c. : 

agricultural  implements,  United  States,  table  of  statistics  of x  i 

apparatus  for  separating  grain  from  straw xxi  1 1 

agricultural  tools  of  America  superior  to  those  in  common  use  in  Europe xxv 

cotton-gins,  manufacture  of XX VI 

forks  and  hoes  (American)  in  England ' xxv 

grain-cutting,  first  American  patent  for x  x 

grain,  harvesting  of,  by  machinery xi  v 

hay-rake,  (revolving,)  history  of XXll I 

hay-unloading  fork XXIil 

harvesting  machine,  produced  in  England  and  United  States xxi 

hoes,  improvement  in,  first  American  patent  for xxv 

implements  exhibited  at  the  London  exhibition xi  v 

instruments,  manufacture  of Xill 

labor-saving  machinery,  production  of xv 

labor-saving  machinery,  total  product  in  New  England x  v 

labor-saving  machinery,  total  product  in  Middle  States x  v 

labor-waving  machinery,  total  product  in  Western  States xs'i 

labor-saving  machinery,  total  product  in  Southern  States  . .    xvi 


INDEX.  2r>:J 

iMl'LK.MK.vrs,  MACllINKIlY,  &c. — Continued:  PAOF. 

machinery  for  threshing  and  cleaning » xxm 

mowers  and  reapers,  history  of x  x 

mowers  and  reapers,  earliest  description  of x  x 

ploughs,  history  of x  vi 

ploughs  in  England  and  Southern  Europe x  \  I 

ploughs  in  Scotland .  x  vi 

ploughs,  improvements  in •      \\\ 

ploughs,  patents  granted  for xvm 

ploughs,  manufactories  in  United  States x  i  x 

ploughs,  hy  steam ,\  I X 

reaper,  by  McCormick x  i  v 

reaping  machines, progress  of;  cutters  of xxi 

reaping  machines  made,  number  of xxn 

reapers  and  mowers,  trial  of XXI 

scythe  and  axe  manufacture,  introduction  of X"Xiii 

scythes,  improvement  in xxm 

shovels,  spades,  hoes,  and  forks,  manufacture  of xxiv 

straw-cutters,  improvement  in xiv 

threshing  and  cleaning  machines xxm 

London  Exhibition  of  Industry,  (1851,)  influence  of xiv 

New  York  (Crystal  Palace)  Exhibition,  1853,  1854   xiv 

roller-gin,  used  in  India xxvn 

treadle-gin,  improvement  in xx vil 

Whitney's  saw-gin xxvm 

IMPORTS  OF  : 

wheat,  corn,  and  flour,  into  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,  during  past  three  years,  table  of cxi.iu 

agricultural  products  into  United  States  from  Canada,  and  into  Canada  from  United  States,  value  of CLV 

INDIAN  CORN.  (See      Corn.) XLVI — LII 

LAND  : 

in  farms,  acres  of,  improved,  unimproved,  and  cash  value,  United  States,  table  of VM 

area,  fertile  and  waste,  in  acres viu 

LAKES : 

tonnage  on,  during  the  past  six  years CXLVII 

LIVE  STOCK  : 

asses  and  mules,  States  and  Territories,  1850  and  I860 cxi 

asses  and  mules,  New  England  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 exi 

asses  and  mules,  Middle  States,  I860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxil 

asses  and  mules,  Western  States,  I860,  as  compared  with  1850 ....  cxn 

asses  and  mules,  Southern  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxn 

asses  and  mules,  Pacific  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxm 

horses  in  States  and  Territories  in  1850   and  1860 ax 

horses  in  New  England  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 ax 

horses  in  Middle  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 ex 

horses  in  Western  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850   ex 

horses  in  Southern  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 rx 

horses  in  Pacific  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxi 

horses,  number  of  to  each  inhabitant,  in  different  sections  in  United  States  in  1850  and  1860 exi 

milch  cows  and  other  cattle,  in  States  and  Territories  in  1850  and  I860 ex  v 

milch  cows  in  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 ex  v 

milch  cows  in  Middle  States,  I860,  as  compared  with  1850 exvi 

milch  cows  in  Western  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 ex  vi 

milch  cows  iu  Southern  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxvn 

milch  cows  in  Pacific  States,  1860,  as  compared  with  1850    •  exvn 

milch  cov/s,  number  of,  to  each  100  persons,  in  different  sections,  and  United  States exvm 

milch  cows,  amount  of  butter  and  cheese  from  each,  in  different  sections,  iu  1860,  as  compared  with  1850,  and  in 

States  and  Territories exix 

working  oxen    in  States  and  Territories,  in  1850  and  I860 exill 

working  oxen  in  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 exil 

working  oxen  in  M.ddle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1 R50 exiv 


254  INDEX. 

LlVE-BTOCK — 00111111110(1  :  PA  OK. 

working  oxen  in  Western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 1.  cxiv 

working  oxen  in  Southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 CMV 

working  oxen  in  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxv 

working  oxen,  number  of,  to  each  100  persons,  in  States  and  Territories,  and  in  United  States '.  .  cxv 

sheep,  number  of,  in  United  States  in  1850  and  I860 cxx 

sheep  in  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxx 

shocp  in  Middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxt 

sheep  in  Western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxi 

sheep  in  Southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxi 

sheep  in  Pacific  States  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxn 

sheep,  number  of,  to  each  one  hundred  persons,  in  different  sections  and  United  States  and  Territories cxxn 

sheep,  amount  of  wool  from  each  in  United  States  and  Territories  in  1850  and  1860 ccxxn 

swine,  number  of,  in  States  and  Territories  in  1850  and  1860 , cxxin 

swine  in  New  England  States  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxiu 

swine  in  Middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxiu 

swine  in  Western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxiv 

swine  in  Southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxiv 

swine  in  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 CXXV 

swine,  number  of,  to  each  one  hundred  persons  in  United  States  and  Territories  in  1850  and  I860 cxxv 

value  of,  in  New  England  States  iu  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxvn 

value  of,  in  Middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxvn 

value  of,  in  Western  States  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850 , cxxvn 

value  of,  in  Southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxvin 

value  of,  in  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 cxxvin 

value  of,  in  United  States  in  1860 cxxvi 

MANURES,  SOILS,  &c.: 

showing  the  value  of  manure  from  different  food,  table  of xcui 

organic  manures xxx vi 

organic  manures,  experiments  by  Lawes  &  Gilbert  in xxxvi 

powir  of  soils  to  absorb  ammonia xxxvin 

power  of  soils  to  arrest  ammonia    xxxvin 

plaster,  ashes,  and  superphosphate  of  limo  applied  to  soils XXXIX 

turnip  crop — a  means  of  enriching  the  soil XXXIX 

feeding  sheep  on  clover  to  enrich  soil XL 

exhausted  soil,  no  phrase  more  common  than   ix 

exhaustion  of  soils,  in  what  consists is 

MOLASSES  : 

cane xcix 

maple xcix 

sorghum XCIX 

cane,  maple,  and  sorghum  produced  in  the  United  States  in  1860 xcix 

OATS  : 

produced  in  the  New  England  Sta*es  in   1850  and   1860 LXIV 

produced  in  the  Middle  States  in  1850  and  1860 LXV 

produced  in  the  United  States  in  1860,  table  of LXIV 

culture  of LXVII 

PEAS  and  BEANS  : 

in  the  New  England  States  in  1 860,  as  compared  with  1850 LXXV 

in  the  Middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 LXXV 

in  the  Western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 '. LXXV'l 

in  the  Southern  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 LXX VI 

in  the  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared  wilh  1850 LXXVII 

in  the  United  States  in   proportion  to  population •  •  •  LXXVll 

produced  in  States  and  Territories  in  1860 LXxl v 

produced  in  States  and  Territories  in  1850  and   1860 LXXVI 

PORK  TKADH cxxxi v 

POTATOKS,  (Irish  :) 

raised  in  the  New  England  States  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850    i.xxvin 

raised  in  the  Middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 l.xxix 


INDEX.  255 

POTATOES,  (Irish) — Continued:  P*OIC. 

raised  hi  the  Western  States  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850 LXXIX 

raised  in  the  Southern  States  in  1800,  as  compared  with  1850 i.xxix 

raised  in  the  Pacific  States  in  1800,  as  compared  with  1850 , LXXX 

raised  in  different  sections  of  the  United  States  in  proportion  to  population LXXX 

raised  in  States  and  Territories  in  18GO LXX vm 

POTATOES,  (Sweet:) 

produced  in  the  United  States  in  1800 LXXXI 

raised  in  States  and  Territories  in  1850  and  1800 LXXXI 

great  bulk  of  crop  raised  in  Southern  States LXXXI 

amount  of,  raised  in  southern  States  in  1800,  compared  with  1850 LXXXI 

RICE  : 

cultivation  of,  confined  to  few  States xcv 

produced  in  the  United  States  in  1800 xciv 

threshed  by  steam-power   xiv 

RAILROADS  : 

advance  of  prices  secured  to  producers   by CLXVI 

agricultural  productions  of  interior  States  increased  by CLXVII 

transportation  of  foreign  articles  cheapened  by CLX  vm 

influence  of,  on  value  of  farming  lands f'LXiX 

positive  advantages  derived  from TLXV 

miles  of,  built  in  six  Western  States  between  1850  and  1800 CXLVII 

RYE: 

produced,  table  of,  bushels  of,  in  1860 LI  x 

raised  in  New  England  States  in  1  SCO,  as  compared  with  1850 LI  x 

raised  in  Southern  States  in  1800,  as  compared  with  1850 i.x 

raised  in  Pacific  States  in  ISGO.as  compared  with  1850 LXI 

raised  in  New  England  States  in  1850  and  1860 LXII 

produced  in  Middle  States  in  1850  and  I860 LXII 

produced  in  Western  States  in  1850  and  I860 LXII 

produced  in  Southern  States  in  1850  and  1860 LXIII 

produced  in  Southern  States  to  each  inhabitant  in  1850  and  1SGO LXIII 

table  of,  United  States,  1850  and  I860,  compared  with  population LXI 

culture  of,  in  United  States LXI 

corn  and  wheat,  produced  in  New  England  States  in  1850  and  1SGO LXII 

corn  and  wheat,  produced  in  United  States,  1850  and  1800 LXIII 

SORGHUM  :  cultivation  of,  stimulated  by  high  prices  of  sugar c 

SUGAR: 

ca.no  and  maple,  produced  in  United  States  in  1850  and  1SGO xcix 

cane,  produced  in  United  States  in  1860 u xcix 

maple,  produced  in  United  States  in  I860 xcix 

beet c  i 

beet-root ci 

extraction  of,  from  beet cv,  cvi 

beet,  refining  of cvn 

fabrication  of,  throughout  the  world,  table  of cv 

process  of  making c 

beet,  cost  of  manufacture  of ,. cvn 

TOBACCO : 

produced  in  United  States  in  1800 xcvi 

produced  in  New  England  States  in  1800,  as  compared  with  1850 xcvn 

produced  in  Middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 xcvu 

produced  in  Western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 XCVlll 

produced  in  Southern  States  in  1 S60,  us  compared  with  1850 xcvn 

produced  in  Pacific  States  in  I860,  as  compared  with  1850 xcvn 

VINEYARDS  AND  WINE-MAKING  : 

in  United  States CLIX 

cultivation  of,  (see  Grapes  and  Wine-making) CLXI 


256  INDEX. 

WHEAT:  PAr,t. 

produced  in  United  States,  table  of x  M  x 

States  in  order  of  production  of,  1850,  and  1860 x.\ i  x 

production  of,  in  proportion  to  population xxxi 

in  New  England  States xxxi 

in  Middle  States xxxi 

in  Western  States xxxi 

iu  Southern  States xxxi 

in  non,  and  slaveholding  States xxxi 

raised  in  United  States  in  1S59 XLII 

exported  to  Great  Britain  in  1859 XLII 

exported  in  1860 XLII 

shall  we  continue  to  export XLIII 

can  the  west  supply  increased  demand  for XLIII 

culture  of,  in  California XLIV 

quality  of,  and  climatic  influences  on XLIV 

hessian-fly  in XL 

growing  of,  in  the  west XLI 

essential  to  avoid  the  midge  in XL 

the  war  gave  buoyancy  to  prices  of XLI 

high  premium  on  gold  affects  prices  of XLI 

harvest  in  Great  Britain  and  France  in  1863 XLI 

English  system  of  rotating  crops  of xxxix 

loss  of  ammonia  by  growth  of xxxvn 

adaptation  of  soil  in  New  England  to xxxm 

ravages  of  midge  in xxxm 

ravages  of  midge  in,  how  to  be  avoided xxxv 

peas  exceedingly  useful  as  a  crop  to  alternate  with LXXV 

quality  of,  in  western  States XLV 

WESTERN  PRODUCE: 

high  prices  for,  and  causes  of XLII 

WINE-MAKING CLXII 

WOOL: 

produced  in  United  States  in  1860 LXXXVI 

produced,  total  of,  United  States,  in  1840,  and  1850 LXXXVI 

produced  in  New  England  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 LXXXVII 

produced  in  Western  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 LXXXVII 

produced  in  Middle  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 ., LXXXVII 

produced  in  Southern  States  in  1860, as  compared  with  1850 LXXXVIII 

produced  in  Pacific  States  in  1860,  as  compared  with  1850 LXXXVIII 

produced  in  different  sections  United  States,  as  compared  with  population LXXXIX 


STATES   AND   TERRITORIES,    BY   COUNTIES. 

ALABAMA: 

Animals  slaughtered 5 

Asses  and  mules 

Barley 4 

Beeswax 5 

Buckwheat 4 

Butter 4 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 

oxen,  working 

other  cattle 

Cheese 4 

Clover-seed . .  ». 4 


INDEX.  257 

A  L  A  1J  A  M  A — Continued  :  •  rta  t 

Corn 3 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 3 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 193 

cash  value  of 2 

number  of  1850,  I860 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 2 

Flax 5 

Flax-seed 5 

Grass-seeds 4 

liny 4 

Honey 5 

Hops 4 

Horses 2 

Land,  improved 2 

unimproved 2 

Live-stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 3 

Manufactures,  value  of,  homc-mado,  value  of 5 

Market  garden  products 4 

Molasses,  cane 5 

sorghum 5 

Oats -. 3 

Orchard  products,  value  of 4 

Peas  and  beans 3 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 3 

Rice 3 

Rye J 3 

Sheep 2 

Silk  cocoons 5 

Slaveholders,  number  of 223 

Slaves,  number  of 223 

Sugar,  cane 5 

maple 5 

Swine 3 

Tobacco 3 

Wheat 3 

Wine 4 

Wool 3 

ARKANSAS: 

Animals  slaughtered 9 

Asses  and  mules 6 

Barley 8 

Beeswax 9 

Buckwheat 8 

Butter 8 

Catttle : 

cows,  milch 6 

oxen,  working 6 

other  cattle C 

Cheese 8 

Clover-seed 8 

Corn 7 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 7 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 193 

cash  value  of 6 

number  of,  1850-60 222 

33 


258  I  X  D  E  X 

A R K  A N  S  A S— Continued :                  •  PAOK. 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 6 

Flax 9 

Flax-seed 9 

Grass-seeds 8 

Hay 8 

Hemp,  tons  of: 

dew-rotted 9 

water-rotted 9 

other  prepared 9 

Honey 9 

Hops 8 

Horses 6 

Land,  improved 6 

unimproved 6 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 7 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 9 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 8 

Molasses,  maple 9 

sorghum 9 

Oats 7 

Orchard  products,  value  of 8 

Peas  and  beans 7 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 7 

Rice 7 

Rye 7 

Sheep 6 

Silk  cocoons 9 

Slaveholders,  number  of 224 

Slaves,  number  of 224 

Sugar,  maple .' 9 

Swine 7 

Tobacco •. 7 

Wheat 7 

Wine 8 

Wool , 7 

CALIFORNIA: 

Animals  slaughtered 13 

Asses  and  mules 10 

Barley 12 

Beeswax 13 

Buckwheat. . . , 12 

Butter 12 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 10 

oxen,  working 10 

other  cattle '. 10 

Cheese 12 

Clover-seed 12 

Corn 11 

Counties,  number  of : 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 194 

cash  value  of 10 

number  of,  1850-'GO 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 10 

Grass-seeds 12 

Hay 12 


INDEX.  250 

C  A  L I F  O  R  N I  A— Continued :  not. 

Honey 

Hops 

Horses 

Land  improved 

unimproved 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 

value  of 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 

Molasses,  maple 

sorghum 

Oats 11 

Orchard  products,  value  of 

Peas  and  beans 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 

Rice 

Rye n 

Sheep 

Swine 

Tobacco   ll 

Wheat 11 

Wine I2 

Wool 11 

CONNECTICUT: 

Animals  slaughtered 

Asses  and  mules 

Barley 14 

Beeswax 

Buckwheat J 4 

Butter 14 

Cattle  :  cows,  milch 

oxen,  working 

other  cattle 

Cheese 

Clover-seed 

Corn    15 

Counties,  number  of 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 

cash  value  of • 

number  of  1850-'60 

Farming  implements,  in  use,,  value  of 

Flax 

Flax-seed 15 

Grass-seeds 

Hay 14 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 15 

Honey , 

Hops 

Horses 14 

Land,  improved 

unimproved 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated    

value  of 15 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 15 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 14 

Molasses,  maple 15 

sorghum 15 


260  INDEX. 

CONNECTICUT— Continued:  PAnE. 

Oats 15 

Orchard  products,  value  of 14 

Peas  and  beans 15 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 15 

Rye 15 

Sheep 14 

Silk  cocoons , 15 

Sugar,  maple 15 

Swine 15 

Tobacco .  15 

Wheat 15 

Wine 14 

Wool 15 

DELAWARE: 

Animals  slaughtered 17 

Asses  and  mules 16 

Barley 16 

Beeswax 17 

Buckwheat 16 

Butter 16 

Cattle  :  cows,  milch 16 

oxen,  working 16 

other  cattle 16 

Cheese 16 

Clover-seed 16 

Corn , 17 

Counties,  number 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 195 

cash  value  of 16 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 16 

Flax 17 

Flax-seed 17 

Grass-seeds ,. 16 

Hay 16 

Honey 17 

Hops 16 

Horses 16 

Land,  improved 16 

unimproved 16 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 17 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 17 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 16 

Molasses,  sorghum , > 17 

Oats 17 

Orchard  products,  value  of .  •  16 

Peas  and  Beans : 17 

Potatoes,  Irish,  and  sweet 17 

Rye 17 

Sheep 16 

Slaveholders,  number  of 225 

Slaves,  number  of 22,5 

Swine 17 

Tobacco 17 

Wheat 17 

Wiue 16 

Wool..  17 


INDEX.  2G1 

FLORIDA:  PAOE. 

Animals  slaughtered 21 

Asses  and  mules 18 

Barley 20 

Beeswax 21 

Butter 20 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 18 

oxen,  working 18 

other  cattle 18 

Cheese 20 

Corn 19 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 19 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 195 

cash  value  of 18 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 18 

Hay 20 

Hemp,  other,  prepared 21 

Honey 21 

Horses 18 

Land,  improved 18 

unimproved 18 

live  stock,  number  of — estimated  ....  I 192 

value  of 19 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 21 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 20 

Molasses,  cane 21 

Oats 19 

Orchard  products,  value  of 20 

Peas  and  beans 19 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 19 

Eico 19 

Rye 19 

Sheep 18 

Slaveholders,  number  of , 225 

Slaves,  number  of 225 

Sugar,  cane 21 

Swine 19 

Tobacco 19 

Wheat 19 

Wine 20 

Wool 19 

GEORGIA: 

Animals  slaughtered -  „., 29 

Asses  and  mules 26 

Barley 28 

Beeswax 29 

Buckwheat 28 

Butter 28 

Cattle  :  cows,  milch 26 

oxen,  working 26 

other  cattle 26 

Cheese 28 

Clover-seed 28 

Corn 27 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 27 

Counties,  number  of 222 


262  INDEX. 

G  E  0  R  G  I  A— Continued :  ,.AOK. 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 196 

cash  value  of 26 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 26 

Flax 29 

Flax-seed 29 

Grass-seeds 28 

Hay 28 

Hemp,  tons  of: 

dew-rotted 29 

other  prepared 29 

Honey 29 

Hops 28 

Horses 26 

Land,  improved 26 

unimproved 26 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 27 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 29 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 28 

Molasses,  cane 29 

maple 29 

sorghum 29 

Oats 27 

Orchard  products,  value  of 28 

Peas  and  beans 27 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 27 

Rice 27 

Rye 27 

Sheep 26 

Silk  cocoons 29 

Slaveholders,  number  of 226,  227 

Slaves,  number  of 226,  227 

Sugar,  cane 29 

maple '. 29 

Swine 27 

Tobacco 27 

Wheat 27 

Wine 28 

Wool 27 

ILLINOIS: 

Animals  slaughtered 37 

Asses  and  mules 34 

Barley 36 

Beeswax 37 

Buckwheat 36 

Butter 36 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 34 

oxen,  working 34 

other  cattl  e 34 

Cheese 36 

Clover-seed 36 

Corn 35 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 35 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 197 

cash  value  of 34 


IXDKX.  263 

I L  L  I  N  0 1  S — Continued  :  P  A  „  E. 

Farms,  number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 34 

Flax 37 

Flax-seed 37 

Grass-seeds 36 

Hay 36 

Hemp,  tons  of: 

dew- rotted 37 

water-rotted  —  ; 37 

other  prepared 37 

Honey 37 

Hops " 36 

Horses 34 

Land,  improved 30 

unimproved 30 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated J  92 

value  of 35 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 37 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 36 

Molasses,  maple 

sorghum 37 

Oats 3f> 

Orchard  products,  value  of 36 

Peas  and  beans 35 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 35 

Eye 35 

Sheep 34 

Silk  cocoons 

Sugar,  maple 

Swine 35 

Tobacco 35 

Wheat 

Wine 36 

Wool 35 

INDIANA: 

Animals  slaughtered 

Asses  and  mules 

Barley 

Beeswax 

Buckwheat 

Butter 

Cattle: 

cows,  milch 

oxen,  working 

other  cattle 

Cheese 

Clover-seed 

Corn 

Counties,  number  of 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 

cash  value  of 

number  of,  1850-'60 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of  . 

Flax 

Flax-seed 

Grass-seeds 

Iluy 44 


264  IXDEX. 

INDIAN  A — Continued  :  r  A  0 ,. 

Hemp,  tons  of: 

dew -rotted 45 

water-rotted 45 

other  prepared 45 

Honey 45 

Hops 44 

Horses 42 

Land,  improved 432 

unimproved 432 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 43 

Manufactures,  Lome-made,  value  of 45 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 44 

Molasses,  maple 45 

sorghum 45 

Oats 43 

Orchard  products,  value  of 44 

Peas  and  beans 43 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 43 

Rye 43 

Sheep 42 

Silk  cocoons 45 

Sugar,  maple 45 

Swine 43 

Tobacco 43 

Wheat 43 

Wine 44 

Wool ; 43 

IOWA: 

Animals  slaughtered 53 

Asses  and  mules 50 

Barley 52 

Beeswax 53 

Buckwheat 52 

Butter 52 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 50 

oxen,  working 50 

other  cattle 50 

Cheese 52 

Clover-seed 52 

Corn 51 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 199 

cash  value  of 50 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 50 

Flax 53 

Flax-seed 53 

Grass-seeds 52 

Hay 52 

Hemp,  tons  of: 

dew-rotted 53 

water-rotted 53 

other  prepared 53 

Honey 53 

Hops 52 

Horses SO 

Land,  improved 50 


INDKX.  265 

I  0  W  A — Continued  :  ?  A  o  i. 

Land,  unimproved .00 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 51 

Manufactures,  home-made",  value  of 53 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 52 

Molasses,  maple 53 

sorghum 53 

Oats 51 

Orchard  products,  value  of 52 

Peas  and  beans 51 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 51 

Rye 51 

Sheep 50 

Silk  cocoons 53 

Sugar,  maple 53 

Swine , 51 

Toblfcco 51 

Wheat 51 

Wine 52 

Wool 51 

KANSAS: 

Animals  slaughtered 57 

Asses  and  mules 54 

Barley 50 

Beeswax 57 

Buckwheat 56 

Butter .• 50 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 54 

oxen,  working 54 

other  cattle 54 

Cheese 56 

Clover-seed 5C 

Corn 55 

Cotton,  bales  of  ginned 55 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 200 

cash  value  of 54 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements  iu  use,  value  of 54 

Flax 57 

Flax-seed -1"  7 

Grass-seeds 56 

Hay 50 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 57 

Honey 67 

Hops 56 

Horses 54 

Land,  improved 54 

unimproved 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 55 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value1  of 57 

Market  garden  products,  value  of , 56 

Molasses,  maple 57 

sorghum 57 

Oats 55 

Orchard  products,  value  of 56 

34 


266  INDEX. 

KANSAS— Continued:  PAGE. 

Peas  and  beans 55 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 55 

Rye 55 

Sheep 54 

Silk  cocoons 57 

Slaveholders,  number  of 227 

Slaves,  number  of 227 

Sugar,  maple 57 

Swine 55 

Tobacco 55 

Wheat 55 

Wine 56 

Wool 55 

KENTUCKY: 

Animals  slaughtered 65 

Asses  and  mules 62 

Barley 64 

Beeswax 65 

Buckwheat 64 

Butter 64 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 62 

oxen,  working ' 62 

other  cattle 62 

Cheese 64 

Clover-seed 64 

Corn 63 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 201 

cash  value  of 62 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 62 

Flax 65 

Flax-seed 65 

Grass-seeds 64 

Hay 64 

Hemp,  tons  of: 

dew-rotted 65 

water-rotted 65 

other  prepared 65 

Honey 65 

Hops 64 

Horses 62 

Land,  impioved 62 

unimproved 62 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 63 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 65 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 64 

Molasses',  maple 65 

sorghum 65 

Oats 63 

Orchard  products,  value  of 64 

Peas  and  beans 63 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 63 

Rice 

Rye 63 

Sheep C2 


INDEX.  2C.7 

KENTUCKY— Continued:  PAOF. 

Silk  cocoons 65 

Slaveholders,  number  of 228,  229 

Slaves,  number  of -   228,  223 

Sugar,  maple 65 

Swine 63 

Tobacco 63 

Wheat <.3 

Wine 04 

Wool 63 

LOUISIANA: 

Animals  slaughtered 69 

Asses  and  mules 6G 

Barley 68 

Beeswax 69 

Buckwheat 68 

Butter 68 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 66 

oxen,  working 66 

other  cattle 66 

Cheese 68 

Clover-seed 68 

Corn 67 

Cotton,  bales  of  ginned 67 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 202 

cash  value  of 66 

number  of,  1850-'60 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 66 

Grass-seeds 68 

Hay 68 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 69 

Honey 69 

Hops 68 

Horses 66 

Land,  improved 66 

unimproved 66 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 67 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 69 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 68 

Molasses,  cane 69 

Oats 07 

Orchard  products,  value  of 68 

Peas  and  beans 67 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 67 

Rice 67 

Rye 67 

Sheep. .                                                          66 

Slaveholders,  number  of 230" 

Slaves,  number  of 230 

Sugar,  cane 69 

Swine 67 

Tobacco 67 

Wheat 67 

Wine 6 

Wool 7 


268  INDEX. 

MAINE:  FAOK. 

Animals  slaughtered 71 

Asses  and  mules , 70 

Barley , 70 

Beeswax 71 

Buckwheat 70 

Butter 70 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 70 

oxen,  working ' 70 

other  cattle 70 

Cheese 70 

Clover-seed 70 

Corn 71 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 203 

cash  value  of 70 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 70 

Flax 71 

Flax-seed 71 

Grass-seeds 70 

Hay 70 

Hemp,  other  prepared 71 

Honey „ 71 

Hops , 70 

Horses 70 

Land,  improved 70 

unimproved 70 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 71 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 71 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 70 

Molasses,  maple 71 

Oats 71 

Orchard  products,  value  of 70 

Peas  and  beans 71 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 71 

Rye 71 

Sheep 70 

Silk  cocoons 71 

Sugar,  maple 71 

Swine 71 

Tobacco 71 

Wheat 71 

Wine 71 

Wool 71 

MARYLAND: 

Animals  slaughtered 73 

Asses  and  mules 72 

Barley 72 

Beeswax 73 

Buckwheat 72 

Butter 72 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 72 

oxen,  working 72 

other  cattle 72 

Cheese  .  72 


INDEX.  269 

M  A  R  Y  L  A  N  D— Continued :  p  A  0  K 

Clover-seed 72 

Com 73 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 203 

cash  value  of 72 

number  of,  1850-'CO 222 

Forming  implements  in  use,  value  of 72 

Flax 73 

Flax-seed 73 

Grass-seeds 72 

Hay 72 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 73 

other  prepared 73 

Honey 73 

Hops 72 

Horses 72 

Laud,  improved 72 

unimproved 72 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 1 92 

value  of 73 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 73 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 72 

Molasses,  maple 73 

sorghum 73 

Oats 73 

Orchard  products,  value  of 72 

Peas  and  beans 73 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet    73 

Rye 73 

Sheep 73 

Silk  cocoons 73 

Slaveholders,  number  of ....  23 1 

Slaves,  number  of 231 

Sugar,  maple 73 

Swine 73 

Tobacco 73 

Wheat 73 

Wine 72 

Wool 73 

MASSACHUSETTS: 

Animals  slaughtered  , 75 

Asses  and  mules 74 

Barley 74 

Beeswax 75 

Buckwheat 74 

Butter 74 

Cattle  :  cows,  milch 74 

oxen,  working 74 

other  cattle 74 

Cheese 74 

Clover-seed 74 

Corn 7-0 

Counties,  number  of 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 202 

cash  value  of 74 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 74 

Flax..                                                                                                                                         75 


270  INDEX. 

M  A  S  S  A  C  H  U  S  E  T  T  S— Continued : 

Flax-seed    75 

Grass-seeds 74 

Hay 74 

Honey 75 

Hops 74 

Horses 74 

Land,  improved 74 

unimproved 74 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 75 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 75 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 74 

Molasses,  maple 74 

Oats 75 

Orchard  products,  value  of 74 

Peas  and  beans 75 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet , .    75 

Rye 75 

Sheep 74 

Sugar,  maple , 75 

Swine    75 

Tobacco 75 

Wheat 75 

Wine 75 

Wool 75 

MICHIGAN: 

Animals  slaughtered 79 

Asses  and  mules 75 

Barley 78 

Beeswax 79 

Buckwheat 78 

Butter 78 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 76 

oxen,  working 76 

other  cattle 76 

Cheese 78 

Clover-seed 78 

Corn 77 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of .• 204 

cash  value  of 76 

number  of,  1S50-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 76 

Flax -- 79 

Flax-seed 79 

Grass-seed 78 

Hay 78 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 76 

other  prepared 79 

Honey 79 

Hops 78 

Horses 76 

Land,  improved 70 

unimproved 76 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated  : 

value  of 77 

Manufactures,  home- made,  value  of 79 


INDEX.  271 

M I  C  H  I  G  A  N— Continued  :  f  A  „  K. 

Market  garden  products,  value  of .                          78 

Molasses,  maple 79 

sorghum 79 

Oats 77 

Orchard  products,  value  of 78 

Peas  and  beans "7 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 77 

Hice 77 

Kye 77 

Sheep 76 

Silk  cocoons 79 

Sugar  maple 79 

Swine 77 

Tobacco 77 

Wheat 77 

Wine 78 

Wool 77 

MINNESOTA: 

Animals  slaughtered £3 

Asses  and  mules 80 

Barley ' 82 

Beeswax 83 

Buckwheat 82 

Butter 82 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch SO 

oxen,  working 80 

other  cattle 80 

Cheese 82 

Clover-seed 82 

Corn 81 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 205 

cash  value  of 80 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements  iu  use,  value  of 80 

Flax 83 

Flax-seed 83 

Grass-seeds 82 

Hay 82 

Hemp,  other  prepared 83 

Honey 83 

Hops 82 

Horses 80 

Land,  improved 80 

unimproved 80 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 81 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 83 

Market  garden  products,  value  of ,. 

Molasses,  maple 83 

sorghum 83 

Oati 81 

Orchard  products,  value  of 82 

Peas  and  beans 81 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 81 

Kice 81 

Rye 81 


272  INDEX. 

M I  N  N  E  S  O  T  A— Continued  :  ,  A  „  K 

Sheep 80 

Silk  cocoons .• 83 

Sugar,  mapli; 83 

Swine 81 

Tobacco : 81 

Wheat 81 

Wine 82 

Wool 81 

MISSISSIPPI: 

Animals  slaughtered 87 

Asses  and  mules 84 

Barley 86 

Beeswax 87 

Buckwheat 86 

Butter 86 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 84 

oxen,  working 84 

other  cattle 84 

Cheese 86 

Clover-seed 86 

Corn 85 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 85 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 206 

cash  value  of .* 84 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 84 

Flax 87 

Flax-seed 87 

Grass-seeds „ 86 

Hay 86 

Honey 87 

Hops 86 

Horses 84 

*           Laud,  improved Si 

unimproved 84 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated ....    192 

value  of 85 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of -. 87 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 86 

Molasses,  cane 87 

sorghum 87 

Oats 85 

Orchard  products,  value  of 86 

Peas  and  beans 85 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 85 

Rice 80 

Eye 85 

Sheep 84 

Silk  cocoons 87 

Slaveholders,  number  of 232 

Slaves,  number  of 232 

Sugar,  cane 37 

maple 87 

Swine 85 

Tobacco..  85 


IXDKX.  27:5 

M  I  S  S  I  S  S  I  P  P  I— Continued  :  rA(1  ,, 

Wheat 85 

Wine 8G 

Wool 85 

MISSOURI: 

Animals  slaughtered 9,r» 

Asses  and  mules <  2 

Barley 94 

Beeswax <j.~> 

Buckwheat 94 

Butter 92 

Cattle: 

cows,  milch 92 

oxen,  working 92 

other  cattle 92 

Cheese 94 

Clover-seed 01 

Corn <>3 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 93 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 207 

cash  value  of 92 

number  of,  1S50-'GO 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 92 

Flax 95 

Flax-seed 95 

Grass-seeds 94 

Hay 94 

Hemp,  tons  of 95 

dew-rotted 95 

water-rotted 95 

other  prepared 95 

Honey 95 

Hops 94 

Horses 92 

Land,  improved 92 

unimproved *2 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 93 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 95 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 94 

Molasses,  cane 95 

maple 95 

sorghum 95 

Oats 93 

Orchard  products,  value  of 94 

Peas  and  beans 93 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 

Rice 93 

Rye 93 

Sheep 

Silk  cocoons 95 

Slaveholders,  number  of •  -  •  •    233,  234 

Slaves,  number  of 

Sugar,  cane 

maple 

Swine 

Tobacco 

35 


L>74  1X1)  EX. 

M  I  S  S  O  U  R  I— Continued  :  pAri,, 

Wheat , 03 

Wine 94 

"Wool 93 

NEW   HAMPSHIRE: 

Animals  slaughtered 97 

Asses  and  mules • 9G 

Barley 90 

Beeswax 97 

Buckwheat 9G 

Butter 9G 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 96 

oxen,  working 9G 

other  cattle 9G 

Cheese 96 

Clover-seed 9G 

Corn 97 

Counties,  numhcr  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 208 

cash  value  of 96 

number  of,  18f>0-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 96 

Flax 97 

Flax-seed 97 

Grass-seeds 96 

Hay 96 

Heinp : 

dew-rotted 97 

water-rotted 97 

other  prepared 97 

Houey 97 

Hops 96 

Horses 96 

Land,  improved 96 

unimproved 96 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 97 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 97 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 96 

Molasses,  maple 97 

Oats .' 97 

Orchard  products,  value  of 96 

Peas  and  beans 97 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 97 

Rye 97 

Sheep 96 

Silk  cocoons 97 

Sugar,  maple 97 

Swine 97 

Tobacco 97 

Wheat 97 

Wine 96 

Wool 97 

NEW    JERSEY : 

Animals  slaughtered 

Asses  and  mules 

I5arl,y 98 


INWEX.  275 

NEW   J  E  R  8  E  Y— Continued  ; 

Beeswax 

Buckwheat 

Butter 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 

oxen,  working 

other  cattle 98 

Cheese 98 

Clover-seed 

Corn 99 

Counties,  number  of 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 

cash  value  of 

number  of,  18SO-'GO 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 98 

Flax 99 

Flax-seed 99 

Grass-seeds 

Hay 98 

Hemp  : 

dew-rotted 99 

other  prepared 

Honey 99 

Hops 98 

Horses 

Land,  improved 

unimproved 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 

value  of 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 

Market  garden  products',  value  of 

Molasses,  maple 

Borghnm 

Oats 

Orchard  products,  value  of 

Peas  and  beans 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 

Rye «?9 

Sheep 

Sugar,  maple - 

Swine 

Tobacco 99 

Wheat 99 

Wine 98 

Wool 99 

NEW    YORK: 

Animals  slaughtered 

Asses  and  mules 

Barley 102 

Beeswax 

Buckwheat 102 

Butter -. 102 

Cattle: 

cows,  milch 

oxen,  working 

other  cattle 100 

Cheese 102 

Clover-seed 

Corn..  101 


276  INDEX. 

NEW    Y  0  11  K— Continued  :  ,,AOE 

Counties,  number  of 232 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 209 

cash  value  of 100 

number  of,  1850-'GO 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 100 

Flax 103 

Flax-seed 103 

Grass-seeds 102 

Hay..                                                                                                                                        102 

Hemp : 

dew-rotted 103 

water-rotted 103 

other  prepared 103 

Honey 103 

Hops 102 

Horses 100 

Land,  improved 100 

unimproved 100 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 101 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 103 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 102 

Molassea,  maple 103 

sorghum 103 

Oats 101 

Orchard  products,  value  of 102 

Peas  and  beans 101 

Potatoes,  Irish,  and  sweet 101 

Rye 101 

Sheep 100 

Silk  cocoons 103 

Sugar,  maple 103 

Swine 101 

Tobacco 101 

Wheat 101 

Wine 102 

Wool 101 

NORTH    CAPvOLINA: 

Animals  slaughtered Ill 

Asses  and  mules 108 

Barley " 110 

Beeswax Ill 

Buckwheat UO 

Butter 110 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 108 

oxen,  working 108 

other  cattle 108 

Cheese HO 

Clover-seed .- 110 

Corn 109 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 1 09 

Counties,  number  of 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of '-10 

cash  value  of 108 

number  of,  1850-00 a22 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 108 

.    Flax..                                                                                                                                                   IH 


INDEX.  277 

MOUTH    (J  A 11 0  L I  X  A— Continued  :  r  A  a  K. 

Flax-seed Ill 

Grass-seeds 

Hay 110 

Hemp,  other  prepared Ill 

Honey Ill 

Hops 110 

Horses 108 

Land,  improved 108 

unimproved 108 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 109 

Manufactures,  Lome-made,  value  of Ill 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 110 

Molasses,  cane Ill 

maple • Ill 

sorghum Ill 

Oats 1 09 

Orchard  products,  value  of 110 

Peas  and  beans 109 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 109 

Eice 109 

Eye 109 

Sheep 1  OS 

Silk  cocoons Ill 

Slaveholders,  number  of 23/5,  236 

Slaves,  number  of 235,  236 

Sugar,  cane Ill 

maple Ill 

Swine 109 

Tobacco 109 

Wheat 109 

Wine 110 

Wool 109 

OHIO: 

Animals  slaughtered 119 

Asses  and  mules 116 

Barley 118 

Beeswax 119 

Buckwheat 118 

Butter 118 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 116 

oxen,  working 116 

other  cattle 110 

Cheese 118 

Clover-seed 118 

Corn U7 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 211 

cash  value  of 116 

number  of,  ISoO-'GO T 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 116 

Flax 119 

Flax-seed 119 

Grass-seeds 118 

Hay 118 

Hemp  : 

dew-rotted  .  119 


278  INDEX. 

OKI  0— Continued  :  r  A  a  r.. 

Hemp,  water- rotted 110 

other  prepared 119 

Honey 119 

Hops 118 

Horses 116 

Land,  improved 116 

unimproved 116 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 117 

Manufactures,  luime-made,  value  of 119 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 118 

Molasses,  maple 119 

sorghum 119 

Oats 117 

Orchard  products,  value  of 118 

Peas  and  beans 117 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 117 

Kye 117 

Sheep 116 

Silk  cocoons 119 

Sugar,  maple 119 

Swine 117 

Tobacco 117 

Wheat ^    117 

Wine 118 

Wool 117 

OREGON: 

Animals  slaughtered 121 

Asses  and  mules 120 

Barley 120 

Beeswax 121 

Buckwheat 120 

Butter 120 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 120 

oxen,  working 120 

other  cattle 120 

Cheese 120 

Clover-seed 120 

Cora 121 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 212 

cash  value  of 120 

number  of,  1S50-'60 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 120 

Flax 121 

Flax-seed 1-1 

Grass-seeds 1 '-  0 

Hay 1^0 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 121 

Honey 121 

Hops : 120 

Horses 120 

Land,  improved 120 

unimproved 120 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 121 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 121 


INDEX.  279 

OREGON— Continued: 


P  A  II  K. 


Market  garden  products,  value  of 120 

Molasses,  sorghum 121 

Oats 121 

Orchard  products,  value  of 120 

Peas  and  beans 121 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 121 

Eye 121 

Sheep..  120 

Swine 121 

Tobacco 121 

Wheat 121 

Wine 1 20 

Wool 121 

PENNSYLVANIA: 

Animals  slaughtered 125 

Asses  and  mules • 123 

Barley 124 

Beeswax 125 

Buckwheat 124 

Butter 124 

Cattle: 

cows,  milch 122 

oxen,  working 122 

other  cattle 122 

Cheese : 124 

Clover-seed 124 

Corn 123 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 213 

cash  value  of 122 

number  of,  1850-'GO 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 122 

Flax 125 

Flax-seed 125 

Grass-seeds 125 

Hay 124 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 125 

water-rotted 125 

other  prepared 125 

Honey 125 

Hops 124 

Horses 122 

Land,  improved 122 

unimproved 122 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 123 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 125 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 124 

Molasses,  maple 125 

sorghum 125 

Oats 123 

Orchard  products,  value  of 124 

Peas  and  beans 1 23 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 123 

Eye - 123 

Sheep 122 

Silk  cocoons 1 25 

Sugar,  nuiple 125 


280  I  N  DKX. 

PENNSYLVANI  A— Continued  :  T  t  „  ,. 

Swine 123 

Tobacco 123 

Wheat 123 

Wine 124 

Wool 123 

RHODE  ISLAND: 

Animals  slaughtered «  127 

Asses  and  mules 126 

Barley 126 

Beeswax 127 

Buckwheat 126 

Butter , 12(5 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 126 

oxen,  working 126 

other  cattle 126 

Cheese 126 

Clover-seed 126 

Corn    127 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 212 

cash  value  of 126 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 126 

Grass-seeds 126 

Hay 126 

Honey 127 

Hops 126 

Horses 126 

Land,  improved : 126 

unimproved 126 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated    1 9,2 

value  of 127 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 127 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 126 

Molasses,  sorghum 127 

Oats 127 

Orchard  products,  value  of 126 

Peas  and  beans 127 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 127 

Rye 127 

Sheep 126 

Swine 127 

Tobacco 127 

Wheat 127 

Wine 126 

Wool 127 

SOUTH   CAROLINA: 

Animals  slaughtered 131 

Asses  and  mules 128 

Barley 130 

Beeswax 131 

Buckwheat 130 

Butter 130 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 128 

oxen,  working 128 

other  cattle . .             128 


INDEX.  281 

SOUTH    0  A  R  O  L I N  A— Continued :  I-AOK. 

Cheese 130 

Clover-seed VM 

Corn , 129 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 129 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 214 

cash  value  of 128 

number  of,  1850-'GO 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 128 

Flax 131 

Flax-seed 131 

Grass-seeds t     1 30 

Hay 130 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 131 

Honey 131 

Hops 130 

Horses 1 28 

Land,  improved 128 

unimproved 128 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 1 29 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 131 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 130 

Molasses,  cane 131 

sorghum 131 

Oats 129 

Orchard  products,  value  of 1 30 

Peas  and  beans 129 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 1 29 

Rice 129 

Rye 129 

Sheep 128 

Silk  cocoons 131 

Slaveholders,  number  of 237 

Slaves,  number  of 237 

Sugar,  cane   131 

maple 131 

Swine 129 

Tobacco 129 

Wheat 129 

Wine 130 

Wool 129 

TENNESSEE: 

Animals  slaughtered 139 

Asses  and  mules 136 

Barley ]I!8 

Beeswax 139 

Buckwheat 133 

Butter 138 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 136 

oxen,  working 136 

other  cattle 136 

Cheese 138 

Clover-seed 138 

Corn ; 137 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 137 

36 


2S2  INDEX. 

T  E  N  N  E  S  E  IS  E— Continued  •  P A OE. 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 21.5 

cash  value  of 136 

number  of,  1S50-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 136 

Flax 139 

Flax-seed 139 

Grass-seeds 138 

Hay 138 

Hemp,  tons  of: 

dew-rotted 139 

^  other  prepared , 139 

Honey 139 

Hops 138 

Horses 136 

Land,  improved 136 

unimproved 136 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 137 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 139 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 138 

Molasses,  cane 139 

maple 139 

sorghum 139 

Oats 137 

Orchard  products,  value  of 138 

Peas  and  beans 137 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 137 

Rice 137 

Eye 137 

Sheep 136 

Slaveholders,  number  of 238,  239 

Slaves,  number  of 238,  239 

Sugar,  cane,  pounds  of 139 

maple 139 

Swine 137 

Tobacco 137 

Wheat 137 

Wine 138 

Wool 137 

TEXAS: 

Animals  slaughtered 151 

Asses  and  mules 148 

Barley 150 

Beeswax 151 

Buckwheat 150 

Butter 150 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 148 

oxen,  working 148 

other  cattle 148 

Cheese 150 

Clover-seed 150 

Corn 149 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 149 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 216,  217 

cash  value  of 148 


I  N  ])  K  X .  283 

T  E  X  A  S— Continued :  rA,it 

Farms,  number  of  1850-'GO 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 148 

Flax 151 

Grass-seeds 150 

Hay 150 

Hemp: 

dew-rotted 151 

water-prepared 151 

Hor.ey 151 

Hops 150 

Horses 148 

Land,  improved 148 

unimproved 1 48 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 1 49 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 151 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 150 

Molasses,  cane 151 

sorghum 151 

Oats 149 

Orchard  products,  value  of 1 50 

Peas  and  beans 1 49 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 140 

Rice 149 

Rye 149 

Sheep 148 

Silk  cocoons 151 

Slaveholder?,  number  of 240,  242 

Slaves,  number   of 240,  242 

Sugar,  cane 151 

Swine 149 

Tobacco. . ; 149 

Wheat 149 

Wine 150 

Wool 149 

VERMONT: 

Animals  slaughtered 153 

Asses  and  mules 1 52 

Barley 152 

Beeswax 153 

Buckwheat 152 

Butter 152 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 152 

oxen,  working 152 

other  cattle 152 

Cheese 152 

Clover-seed 152 

Corn 153 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 217 

cash  value  of 1 52 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 152 

Flax .. . . .  15  3 

Flax-seed 153 

Grass-seeds 152 

Hay 152 


284  INDEX. 

V  E  E  M  0  N  T— Continued  :  PA  „  F. 

Honey 1/53 

Hops 152 

Horses l.r>2 

Land,  improved 1/J2 

unimproved 1/52 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 153 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 153 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 152 

Molasses,  maple 153 

Oats 153 

Orchard  products,  value  of 152 

Peas  and  beans .  153 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 153 

Rye 153 

Sheep 152 

Sugar,  maple 153 

Swine 153 

Tobacco 153 

Wheat 153 

Wine 152 

Wool . 153 

VIRGINIA: 

Animals  slaughtered 165 

Asses  and  mules 162 

Barley 164 

Beeswax 165 

Buckwheat 164 

Butter 164 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 162 

oxen,  working 162 

other  cattle 162 

Cheese 164 

Clover-seed 164 

Corn , 163 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 163 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 218,  21 9 

cash  value  of 162 

number  of,  1S50-'60    .  .    222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 162 

Flax 165 

Flax-seed 165 

Grass-seeds 164 

Hay 164 

Hemp,  pounds  of:' 

dew-rotted , 165 

water-rotted 165 

other  prepared 165 

Honey 165 

Hops 164 

Horses 162 

Land,  improved 162 

unimproved 162 

Live  slock,  number  of — estimated ...  192 

value  of 163 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 165 


INDEX.  285 

VIRGINIA— Continued:  PACK. 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 164 

Molasses,  maple 

Borghmn 165 

Oats 1C3 

Orchard  products,  value  of 164 

Peas  and  beans 163 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 163 

Rice 163 

Rye 163 

Sheep 162 

Silk  cocoons 165 

Slaveholders,  number  of 243;  245 

Slaves,  number  of 243,  245 

Sugar,  maple 165 

Swine 163 

Tobacco 163 

Wheat 163 

Wine 164 

Wool 163 

WISCONSIN: 

Animals  slaughtered 169 

Asses  and  mules 166 

Barley 168 

Beeswax 169 

Buckwheat 168 

Butter 168 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 166 

oxen,  working 166 

other  cattle 166 

Cheese 168 

Clover-seed 168 

Corn 167 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  ot' 219 

cash  value  of 166 

number  of,  1S50-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 166 

Flax 169 

Flax-seed 169 

Grass-seeds 168 

Hay 168 

Hemp,  dew-rotted 109 

water-rotted 1G9 

other  prepared 169 

Honey 169 

Hops 168 

Horses 166 

Land,  improved 166 

unimproved 166 

Live  stock,  number  of,  estimated 192 

value  of 167 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 169 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 168 

Molasses,  maple 169 

sorghum 169 

Oats 167 

Orchard  products,  value  of 1GS 


286  INDEX. 

W1SCONSI N— Continued  :  rto  „, 

Peas  and  beans 167 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 167 

Rye.._ 167 

Sheep 166 

Silk  cocoons 169 

Sugar,  maple 169 

Swine 167 

Tobacco 167 

Wheat 167 

Wine 168 

Wool 1 67 

COLUMBIA,   DISTRICT   OF: 

Animals  slaughtered 171 

Asses  and  mules 171 

Barley 171 

Beeswax 171 

Buckwheat 171 

Butter 171 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 171 

oxen,  working 171 

other  cattle 171 

Corn 171 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 220 

number  of,  1S50-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 171 

Hay 171 

Honey 171 

Hops 171 

Horses 171 

Land,  improved 171 

unimproved 171 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 171 

M  amfactures,  home-made,  value  of , 171 

"jlarket  garden  products,  value  of 171 

Oats.." 171 

Orchard  products,  value  of , 171 

Peas  and  beans ...  171 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 171 

Rye 171 

Sheep 171 

Slaveholders,  number  of 246 

Slaves,  number  of 246 

Swine 171 

Tobacco 171 

Wheat 171 

Wine 171 

Wool 171 

DAKOTA: 

Animals  slaughtered 170 

Asses  and  mules 170 

Buckwheat 170 

Butter 170 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 170 

oxen,  working 170 

other  cattle. .                    17° 


IN.DEX.  287 

DAKOTA— Continued:  PAOK. 

Clover-seed 

Corn 170 

Counties,  number  of -  - 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 220 

cash  value  of 170 

number  of,  1850-'GO 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 170 

Hay 170 

Horses 170 

Land,  improved 170 

unimproved 170 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 170 

Molasses,  sorghum 170 

Oats 170 

Peas  and  beans 170 

Potatoes,  Irish 170 

Rye 170 

Sheep 170 

Swine 170 

Tobacco 170 

Wheat 170 

NEBRASKA: 

Animals  slaughtered 175 

Asses  and  mules 172 

Barley 174 

Beeswax 175 

Buckwheat 174 

Butter 174 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 172 

oxen,  working 172 

other  cattle 172 

Cheese 174 

Clover-seed 174 

Corn 173 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 220 

cash  value  of 172 

number  of,  1850-'GO 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 172 

Flax-seed 175 

Grass-seeds 174 

Hay 174 

Hemp: 

dew-rotted 1 75 

water-rotted 175 

Honey 175 

Hops 174 

Horses 172 

Land,  improved 1 72 

unimproved. .  , 172 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 173 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 175 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 174 

Molasses,  maple 175 

sorghum 175 


288  1X1)  EX. 

N  E  B  R  A  S  K  A— Continued :  ,.AOE. 

Oats 173 

Orchard  products,  value  of 174 

Peas  and  beans 173 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 173 

Bye 173 

Sheep 172 

Silk  cocoons 175 

Slaveholders,  number  of 246 

Slaves,  number  of 246 

Sugar,  maple 175 

Swine 173 

Tobacco 173 

Wheat 173 

Wine 174 

Wool • 173 

NEVADA: 

Animals  slaughtered 177 

Asses  and  mules 176 

Barley 176 

Butter 176 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 176 

oxen,  working 176 

other  cattle 176 

Corn 177 

Counties,  number  of ...  222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 220 

cash  value  of : 176 

number  of,  1S50-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 176 

Hay 176 

Horses 1 76 

Land,  improved 176 

unimproved 176 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 177 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 177 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 176 

Oats ]  77 

Peas  and  beans 177 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 177 

Rye 177 

Sheep 176 

Swine , 177 

Wheat 177 

Wool 177 

NEW    MEXICO: 

Animals  slaughtered 179 

Asses  and  mules 178 

Barley 178 

Buckwheat 178 

Butter 178 

Cattle  : 

cows,  milch 178 

oxen,  working 178 

other  cattle 178 

Cheese 178 

Corn..  179 


INDEX.  289 

NEW    M  E  X  I  C  0— Continued  :  rA(0 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 170 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 220 

cash  value  of , 178 

number  of,  1850-'GO 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 178 

Hay 178 

Horses': 178 

Land,  improved 178 

unimproved .- 178 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 1 79 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 179 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 178 

Molasses,  fiorghum 179 

Oats 179 

Orchard  products,  value  of 178 

Peas  and  beans 179 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet J  79 

Rye 179 

Sheep 178 

Swine 179 

Tobacco 179 

Wheat 179 

Wine 178 

Wool 179 

UTAH: 

Animals  slaughtered 181 

Asses  and  mules 180 

Barley 180 

Buckwheat 180 

Butter 180 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 180 

oxen,  working 180 

other  cattle 180 

Cheese 180 

Clover-seed 180 

Corn 181 

Cotton,  bales  of,  ginned 181 

Counties,  number  of 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 220 

Farms,  cash  value  of 

Farms,  number  of— 1850-'CO 222 

Farming  implements  in  use,  value  of 180 

Flax 181 

Flax-seed 

Grass-seeds 180 

Hay 180 

Hemp,  water-rotted 181 

Hops ISO 

Horses 180 

Land,  improved 

unimproved • 

Live  stock,  number  of— estimated 

value  of 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 

37 


290  INDEX. 

U  T  A  H — Continued  :  PAOF. 

Molasses,  maple 181 

sorghum - 181 

Oats 181 

Orchard  products,  value  of 180 

Peas  and  beans 181 

Potatoes,  Irish 181 

Rye 181 

Sheep 180 

Slaveholders,  number  of 246 

Slaves,  number  of 246 

Swine 181 

Wheat 181 

Wine 180 

Wool 181 

WASHINGTON: 

Animals  slaughtered 183 

Asses  and  mules 182 

Barley 182 

Beeswax 183 

Buckwheat 182 

Butter 182 

Cattle : 

cows,  milch 182 

oxen,  working 182 

other  cattle 182 

Cheese 182 

Clover-seed 182 

Counties,  number  of 222 

Farms,  three  acres  and  over,  number  of 220 

cash  value  of 182 

number  of,  1850-'60 222 

Farming  implements,  in  use,  value  of 182 

Flax-seed 183 

Grass-seeds 182 

Hay i 182 

Honey 183 

Hops 182 

Horses 182 

Land,  improved 182 

unimproved 182 

Live  stock,  number  of — estimated 192 

value  of 183 

Manufactures,  home-made,  value  of 183 

Market  garden  products,  value  of 182 

Oats 183 

Orchard  products,  value  of 182 

Peas  and  beans 183 

Potatoes,  Irish  and  sweet 183 

Eye 183 

Sheep 182 

Swine 183 

Tobacco 183 

Wheat 183 

Wine 182 

Wool . .  183 


INDEX. 


291 


UNITED    STATES:    RECAPITULATION,    &c., 


Of  Stale,  tables  of  agriculture;  farms  containing  three  a 
of,  1850-'60;  also,  nm  niter  of  counties,  18GO; 


ANIMALS  SLAUGHTERED: 

1800 

1850 

ASSES  AND  MULES  : 

1860 

1850 

BARLEY: 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 

BEKSWAX  : 

pounds  of,  1860 

BEESWAX  AND  HONEY: 

pounds  of,  1850 

BUCKWHEAT: 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 

BUTTER : 

pounds  of,  1860 

pounds  of,  1850 

CATTLE,  1860 : 

cows,  milch 

oxen,  working 

other  cattle 

CATTLE,  1850 : 

cows,  milch 

oxen,  working 

other  cattle 

CHEESE  : 

pounds  of,  1860 

pounds  of,  1850 

CLOVER-SEED: 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 

CORN,  INDIAN  : 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 

COTTON,  GINNED : 

bales  of,  1860 

bales  of,  1850 

COUNTIES: 

number  of,  1860 

FARMS : 

three  acres  and  more,  number  of,  1860. 

cash  value  of,  1860 

cash  value  of,  1850 

number  of,  1850-'60 

average  number  of  acres  to,  1850-'60  . . 
FARMING  IMPLEMENTS,  IN  USE: 

value  of,  1860 

value  of,  1850 

FLAX  : 

pounds  of,  1860 


>  A  OK. 

187 
191 

184 
188 

186 
190 

187 
191 

186 
190 

186 
190 

184 
184 
184 

188 
188 
188 

186 
190 

186 
190 

185 
189 

185 
189 

222 

221 
184 
188 
222 
222 

184 
188 

187 


ires  and  more;  slaveholders  and  slaves;  farms, 
average  number  of  acres  to  farms,  1850-' GO. 

FLAX — Continued  : 

pounds  of,  1850 

FLAX-SUED  : 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 

GRASS-SEEDS: 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 


HAY: 

tons  of,  1860 

tons  of,  1850 

HEMP,  tons  of,  1860  : 

dew-rotted 

water-rotted 

other  prepared  — 
HEMP,  tons  of,  1850  : 

dew-rotted 

water-rotted  .... 
HONEY : 

pounds  of,  1860. . 
HOPS  : 

pounds  of,  I860  . 

pounds  of,  1850. . 
HORSES : 

number  of,  1860  . 

number  of,  1850  . 


LAND,  (in  farms  :) 

improved,  acres  of,  1860  — 

unimproved,  acres  of,  1860 
LAND,  (in  farms  :) 

improved,  acres  of,  1850. . . 

unimproved,  acres  of,  1850 
LIVE  STOCK  : 

number  of,  estimated,  1860 

value  of,  1860 

value  of,  1850 


MANUFACTURES,  (home-made :) 

value  of,  1860 

value  of,  1850 

MARKET  GARDEN  PRODUCTS: 

value  of,  1860 

value  of,  1850 

MOLASSES  : 

cane,  gallons  of,  1860 

maple,  gallons  of,  1860 
sorghum,  gallons  of,  1860. . 
gallons  of,  1850 

OATS: 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 


P  A  O  K. 

191 

187 
I'll 

186 
190 


186 
190 

187 
187 
187 

191 
191 

187 

186 
190 

184 
188 


184 
184 

188 
188 

192 
185 
189 

187 
191 

186 
190 

187 
187 
187 
191 

185 
189 


292 


INDEX. 


ORCHARD  PRODUCTS : 
value  of,  1860... 
value  of,  1850 . . . 


PEAS  AND  BEANS  : 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 

POTATOES : 

Irish,  bushels  of,  1860  . 
sweet,  bushels  of,  1860 . 
Irish,  bushels  of,  1850  . 
sweet,  bushels  of,  1850 

EICE: 

pounds  of,  1860 

pounds  of,  1850 

RYE: 

bushels  of,  1860 

bushels  of,  1850 


SHEEP : 

number  of,  1860  . 
number  of,  1850  . 
SILK  COCOONS: 

pounds  of,  1860  . 
pounds  of,  1850  . . 


PAG  K. 
186 
190 


185 
189 

185 
185 
189 
189 


185 

189 

185 
189 


184 

188 

187 
191 


SLAVEHOLDERS : 

number  of,  1860 

number  of,  1850 

SLAVES : 

number  of,  1860 

SUGAR  : 

cane,  hogsheads  of,  1860 

maple,  pounds  of,  I860.. 

cane,  hogsheads  of,  1850 

maple,  pounds  of,  1850. . 
SWINE  : 

number  of,  1860 

number  of,  1850 

TOBACCO  : 

pounds  of,  1860 

pounds  of,  1850 

WHEAT  : 

bushels  of,  3860 

bushels  of,  1850 

WINE  : 

gallons  of,  1860 

gallons  of,  1850 

WOOL  : 

pounds  of,  1860 

pounds  of,  1850 


PA  OF.. 

247 
S48 

247 

187 
187 
191 
191 

185 
189 

185 
189 


185 
189 

186 
190 

185 
189 


E  E  R  A  T  A  . 

Page  10,  milch  cows,  California,  for  "905,407,"  read  "205,407." 

Pages  70  and  186,  buckwheat,  Maine,  for  "239,519,"  read  "339,519." 

Page  xvi,  agricultural  implements,  Ohio,  for  "417.6,  read  "  405.5." 

Page  xxn,  "Manny"  reaping  and  mowing  machines,  for  ''  10,500,"  read  ""6,500." 

Page  cxi,  horses,  Middle  States,  1850,  for  "2.96,"  read  "  6.96." 


GENERAL  LIBRARY    U.C.  BERKELEY 


BDQD3DaS43 


